51
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Baron L, Paatero AO, Morel JD, Impens F, Guenin-Macé L, Saint-Auret S, Blanchard N, Dillmann R, Niang F, Pellegrini S, Taunton J, Paavilainen VO, Demangel C. Mycolactone subverts immunity by selectively blocking the Sec61 translocon. J Exp Med 2016; 213:2885-2896. [PMID: 27821549 PMCID: PMC5154940 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycolactone, an immunosuppressive macrolide released by the human pathogen Mycobacterium ulcerans, was previously shown to impair Sec61-dependent protein translocation, but the underlying molecular mechanism was not identified. In this study, we show that mycolactone directly targets the α subunit of the Sec61 translocon to block the production of secreted and integral membrane proteins with high potency. We identify a single-amino acid mutation conferring resistance to mycolactone, which localizes its interaction site near the lumenal plug of Sec61α. Quantitative proteomics reveals that during T cell activation, mycolactone-mediated Sec61 blockade affects a selective subset of secretory proteins including key signal-transmitting receptors and adhesion molecules. Expression of mutant Sec61α in mycolactone-treated T cells rescued their homing potential and effector functions. Furthermore, when expressed in macrophages, the mycolactone-resistant mutant restored IFN-γ receptor-mediated antimicrobial responses. Thus, our data provide definitive genetic evidence that Sec61 is the host receptor mediating the diverse immunomodulatory effects of mycolactone and identify Sec61 as a novel regulator of immune cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Baron
- Unité d’Immunobiologie de l’Infection, Institut Pasteur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1221, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-David Morel
- Unité d’Immunobiologie de l’Infection, Institut Pasteur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1221, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Francis Impens
- Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Institut Pasteur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U604, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité sous-contrat 2020, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Laure Guenin-Macé
- Unité d’Immunobiologie de l’Infection, Institut Pasteur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1221, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sarah Saint-Auret
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7509, École européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Blanchard
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7509, École européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Rabea Dillmann
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fatoumata Niang
- Unité d’Immunobiologie de l’Infection, Institut Pasteur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1221, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sandra Pellegrini
- Unité de Signalisation des Cytokines, Institut Pasteur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1221, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Jack Taunton
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | | | - Caroline Demangel
- Unité d’Immunobiologie de l’Infection, Institut Pasteur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1221, 75015 Paris, France
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52
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Heaton NS, Moshkina N, Fenouil R, Gardner TJ, Aguirre S, Shah PS, Zhao N, Manganaro L, Hultquist JF, Noel J, Sachs D, Hamilton J, Leon PE, Chawdury A, Tripathi S, Melegari C, Campisi L, Hai R, Metreveli G, Gamarnik AV, García-Sastre A, Greenbaum B, Simon V, Fernandez-Sesma A, Krogan NJ, Mulder LCF, van Bakel H, Tortorella D, Taunton J, Palese P, Marazzi I. Targeting Viral Proteostasis Limits Influenza Virus, HIV, and Dengue Virus Infection. Immunity 2016; 44:46-58. [PMID: 26789921 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Viruses are obligate parasites and thus require the machinery of the host cell to replicate. Inhibition of host factors co-opted during active infection is a strategy hosts use to suppress viral replication and a potential pan-antiviral therapy. To define the cellular proteins and processes required for a virus during infection is thus crucial to understanding the mechanisms of virally induced disease. In this report, we generated fully infectious tagged influenza viruses and used infection-based proteomics to identify pivotal arms of cellular signaling required for influenza virus growth and infectivity. Using mathematical modeling and genetic and pharmacologic approaches, we revealed that modulation of Sec61-mediated cotranslational translocation selectively impaired glycoprotein proteostasis of influenza as well as HIV and dengue viruses and led to inhibition of viral growth and infectivity. Thus, by studying virus-human protein-protein interactions in the context of active replication, we have identified targetable host factors for broad-spectrum antiviral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas S Heaton
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Natasha Moshkina
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Romain Fenouil
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Thomas J Gardner
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Sebastian Aguirre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Priya S Shah
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158-2140, USA
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Lara Manganaro
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Judd F Hultquist
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158-2140, USA
| | - Justine Noel
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - David Sachs
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Jennifer Hamilton
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Paul E Leon
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Amit Chawdury
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Shashank Tripathi
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Camilla Melegari
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Laura Campisi
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Rong Hai
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Giorgi Metreveli
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Andrea V Gamarnik
- Fundación Instituto Leloir-CONICET, Avenida Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires 1405, Argentina
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Benjamin Greenbaum
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Department of Pathology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Viviana Simon
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Ana Fernandez-Sesma
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Nevan J Krogan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158-2140, USA
| | - Lubbertus C F Mulder
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Harm van Bakel
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Domenico Tortorella
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Jack Taunton
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158-2140, USA
| | - Peter Palese
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
| | - Ivan Marazzi
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA; Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA.
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53
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Huang KC, Chen Z, Jiang Y, Akare S, Kolber-Simonds D, Condon K, Agoulnik S, Tendyke K, Shen Y, Wu KM, Mathieu S, Choi HW, Zhu X, Shimizu H, Kotake Y, Gerwick WH, Uenaka T, Woodall-Jappe M, Nomoto K. Apratoxin A Shows Novel Pancreas-Targeting Activity through the Binding of Sec 61. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:1208-16. [PMID: 27196783 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Apratoxin A is a natural product with potent antiproliferative activity against many human cancer cell lines. However, we and other investigators observed that it has a narrow therapeutic window in vivo Previous mechanistic studies have suggested its involvement in the secretory pathway as well as the process of chaperone-mediated autophagy. Still the link between the biologic activities of apratoxin A and its in vivo toxicity has remained largely unknown. A better understanding of this relationship is critically important for any further development of apratoxin A as an anticancer drug. Here, we describe a detailed pathologic analysis that revealed a specific pancreas-targeting activity of apratoxin A, such that severe pancreatic atrophy was observed in apratoxin A-treated animals. Follow-up tissue distribution studies further uncovered a unique drug distribution profile for apratoxin A, showing high drug exposure in pancreas and salivary gland. It has been shown previously that apratoxin A inhibits the protein secretory pathway by preventing cotranslational translocation. However, the molecule targeted by apratoxin A in this pathway has not been well defined. By using a (3)H-labeled apratoxin A probe and specific Sec 61α/β antibodies, we identified that the Sec 61 complex is the molecular target of apratoxin A. We conclude that apratoxin A in vivo toxicity is likely caused by pancreas atrophy due to high apratoxin A exposure. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(6); 1208-16. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - William H Gerwick
- Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
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54
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Kida Y, Ishihara Y, Fujita H, Onishi Y, Sakaguchi M. Stability and flexibility of marginally hydrophobic-segment stalling at the endoplasmic reticulum translocon. Mol Biol Cell 2016; 27:930-40. [PMID: 26823014 PMCID: PMC4791137 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-09-0672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Many membrane proteins are integrated into the endoplasmic reticulum membrane through the protein-conducting channel, the translocon. Transmembrane segments with insufficient hydrophobicity for membrane integration are frequently found in multispanning membrane proteins, and such marginally hydrophobic (mH) segments should be accommodated, at least transiently, at the membrane. Here we investigated how mH-segments stall at the membrane and their stability. Our findings show that mH-segments can be retained at the membrane without moving into the lipid phase and that such segments flank Sec61α, the core channel of the translocon, in the translational intermediate state. The mH-segments are gradually transferred from the Sec61 channel to the lipid environment in a hydrophobicity-dependent manner, and this lateral movement may be affected by the ribosome. In addition, stalling mH-segments allow for insertion of the following transmembrane segment, forming an Ncytosol/Clumen orientation, suggesting that mH-segments can move laterally to accommodate the next transmembrane segment. These findings suggest that mH-segments may be accommodated at the ER membrane with lateral fluctuation between the Sec61 channel and the lipid phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Kida
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Kamigori, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Yudai Ishihara
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Kamigori, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Fujita
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Kamigori, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Yukiko Onishi
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Kamigori, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Masao Sakaguchi
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Kamigori, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
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55
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McKenna M, Simmonds RE, High S. Mechanistic insights into the inhibition of Sec61-dependent co- and post-translational translocation by mycolactone. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:1404-15. [PMID: 26869228 PMCID: PMC4852723 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.182352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The virulence factor mycolactone is responsible for the immunosuppression and tissue necrosis that characterise Buruli ulcer, a disease caused by infection with Mycobacterium ulcerans In this study, we confirm that Sec61, the protein-conducting channel that coordinates entry of secretory proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum, is a primary target of mycolactone, and characterise the nature of its inhibitory effect. We conclude that mycolactone constrains the ribosome-nascent-chain-Sec61 complex, consistent with its broad-ranging perturbation of the co-translational translocation of classical secretory proteins. In contrast, the effect of mycolactone on the post-translational ribosome-independent translocation of short secretory proteins through the Sec61 complex is dependent on both signal sequence hydrophobicity and the translocation competence of the mature domain. Changes to protease sensitivity strongly suggest that mycolactone acts by inducing a conformational change in the pore-forming Sec61α subunit. These findings establish that mycolactone inhibits Sec61-mediated protein translocation and highlight differences between the co- and post-translational routes that the Sec61 complex mediates. We propose that mycolactone also provides a useful tool for further delineating the molecular mechanisms of Sec61-dependent protein translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael McKenna
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Rachel E Simmonds
- Department of Microbial Sciences, School of Bioscience and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Stephen High
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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56
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Abstract
Secreted and integral membrane proteins compose up to one-third of the biological proteome. These proteins contain hydrophobic signals that direct their translocation across or insertion into the lipid bilayer by the Sec61 protein-conducting channel. The molecular basis of how hydrophobic signals within a nascent polypeptide trigger channel opening is not understood. Here, we used cryo-electron microscopy to determine the structure of an active Sec61 channel that has been opened by a signal sequence. The signal supplants helix 2 of Sec61α, which triggers a rotation that opens the central pore both axially across the membrane and laterally toward the lipid bilayer. Comparisons with structures of Sec61 in other states suggest a pathway for how hydrophobic signals engage the channel to gain access to the lipid bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Voorhees
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Medical Research Council, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Ramanujan S Hegde
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Medical Research Council, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.
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57
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Natural products as probes in pharmaceutical research. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 43:249-60. [PMID: 26438431 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-015-1691-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
From the start of the pharmaceutical research natural products played a key role in drug discovery and development. Over time many discoveries of fundamental new biology were triggered by the unique biological activity of natural products. Unprecedented chemical structures, novel chemotypes, often pave the way to investigate new biology and to explore new pathways and targets. This review summarizes the recent results in the area with a focus on research done in the laboratories of Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research. We aim to put the technological advances in target identification techniques in the context to the current revival of phenotypic screening and the increasingly complex biological questions related to drug discovery.
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58
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Kalies KU, Römisch K. Inhibitors of Protein Translocation Across the ER Membrane. Traffic 2015; 16:1027-38. [PMID: 26122014 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Protein translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) constitutes the first step of protein secretion. ER protein import is essential in all eukaryotic cells and is particularly critical in fast-growing tumour cells. Thus, the process can serve as target both for potential cancer drugs and for bacterial virulence factors. Inhibitors of protein transport across the ER membrane range from broad-spectrum to highly substrate-specific and can interfere with virtually any stage of this multistep process, and even with transport of endocytosed antigens into the cytosol for cross-presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Uwe Kalies
- Institute of Biology, CSCM, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Karin Römisch
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology VIII, Saarland University, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
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59
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Klein W, Westendorf C, Schmidt A, Conill-Cortés M, Rutz C, Blohs M, Beyermann M, Protze J, Krause G, Krause E, Schülein R. Defining a conformational consensus motif in cotransin-sensitive signal sequences: a proteomic and site-directed mutagenesis study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120886. [PMID: 25806945 PMCID: PMC4373898 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclodepsipeptide cotransin was described to inhibit the biosynthesis of a small subset of proteins by a signal sequence-discriminatory mechanism at the Sec61 protein-conducting channel. However, it was not clear how selective cotransin is, i.e. how many proteins are sensitive. Moreover, a consensus motif in signal sequences mediating cotransin sensitivity has yet not been described. To address these questions, we performed a proteomic study using cotransin-treated human hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the stable isotope labelling by amino acids in cell culture technique in combination with quantitative mass spectrometry. We used a saturating concentration of cotransin (30 micromolar) to identify also less-sensitive proteins and to discriminate the latter from completely resistant proteins. We found that the biosynthesis of almost all secreted proteins was cotransin-sensitive under these conditions. In contrast, biosynthesis of the majority of the integral membrane proteins was cotransin-resistant. Cotransin sensitivity of signal sequences was neither related to their length nor to their hydrophobicity. Instead, in the case of signal anchor sequences, we identified for the first time a conformational consensus motif mediating cotransin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Klein
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carolin Westendorf
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antje Schmidt
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mercè Conill-Cortés
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Rutz
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Blohs
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Beyermann
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonas Protze
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd Krause
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eberhard Krause
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Schülein
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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60
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Ruiz-Saenz A, Sandhu M, Carrasco Y, Maglathlin RL, Taunton J, Moasser MM. Targeting HER3 by interfering with its Sec61-mediated cotranslational insertion into the endoplasmic reticulum. Oncogene 2015; 34:5288-94. [PMID: 25619841 PMCID: PMC4515412 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence implicating HER3 in several types of cancer. But the development of targeted therapies to inactivate HER3 function has been a challenging endeavor. Its kinase domain functions in allostery not catalysis, and the classical ATP-analog class of tyrosine kinase inhibitors fail to inactivate it. Here we describe a novel approach that eliminates HER3 expression. The small-molecule cotransin CT8 binds the Sec61 translocon and prevents the signal peptide of the nascent HER3 protein from initiating its cotranslational translocation, resulting in the degradation of HER3 but not the other HER proteins. CT8 treatment suppresses the induction of HER3 that accompanies lapatinib treatment of HER2-amplified cancers and synergistically enhances the apoptotic effects of lapatinib. The target selectivities of cotransins are highly dependent on their structure and the signal sequence of targeted proteins and can be narrowed through structure-function studies. Targeting Sec61-dependent processing identifies a novel strategy to eliminate HER3 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ruiz-Saenz
- Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M Sandhu
- Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Y Carrasco
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - R L Maglathlin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J Taunton
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M M Moasser
- Department of Medicine, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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61
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Junne T, Wong J, Studer C, Aust T, Bauer BW, Beibel M, Bhullar B, Bruccoleri R, Eichenberger J, Estoppey D, Hartmann N, Knapp B, Krastel P, Melin N, Oakeley EJ, Oberer L, Riedl R, Roma G, Schuierer S, Petersen F, Tallarico JA, Rapoport TA, Spiess M, Hoepfner D. Decatransin, a new natural product inhibiting protein translocation at the Sec61/SecYEG translocon. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:1217-29. [PMID: 25616894 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.165746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A new cyclic decadepsipeptide was isolated from Chaetosphaeria tulasneorum with potent bioactivity on mammalian and yeast cells. Chemogenomic profiling in S. cerevisiae indicated that the Sec61 translocon complex, the machinery for protein translocation and membrane insertion at the endoplasmic reticulum, is the target. The profiles were similar to those of cyclic heptadepsipeptides of a distinct chemotype (including HUN-7293 and cotransin) that had previously been shown to inhibit cotranslational translocation at the mammalian Sec61 translocon. Unbiased, genome-wide mutagenesis followed by full-genome sequencing in both fungal and mammalian cells identified dominant mutations in Sec61p (yeast) or Sec61α1 (mammals) that conferred resistance. Most, but not all, of these mutations affected inhibition by both chemotypes, despite an absence of structural similarity. Biochemical analysis confirmed inhibition of protein translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum of both co- and post-translationally translocated substrates by both chemotypes, demonstrating a mechanism independent of a translating ribosome. Most interestingly, both chemotypes were found to also inhibit SecYEG, the bacterial Sec61 translocon homolog. We suggest 'decatransin' as the name for this new decadepsipeptide translocation inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Junne
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joanne Wong
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Studer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Aust
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Benedikt W Bauer
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Martin Beibel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bhupinder Bhullar
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jürg Eichenberger
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Estoppey
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Hartmann
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Britta Knapp
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Krastel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Melin
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Edward J Oakeley
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Oberer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralph Riedl
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guglielmo Roma
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sven Schuierer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frank Petersen
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - John A Tallarico
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 250 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tom A Rapoport
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Martin Spiess
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dominic Hoepfner
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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62
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Vermeire K, Bell TW, Van Puyenbroeck V, Giraut A, Noppen S, Liekens S, Schols D, Hartmann E, Kalies KU, Marsh M. Signal peptide-binding drug as a selective inhibitor of co-translational protein translocation. PLoS Biol 2014; 12:e1002011. [PMID: 25460167 PMCID: PMC4251836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, surface expression of most type I transmembrane proteins requires translation and simultaneous insertion of the precursor protein into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane for subsequent routing to the cell surface. This co-translational translocation pathway is initiated when a hydrophobic N-terminal signal peptide (SP) on the nascent protein emerges from the ribosome, binds the cytosolic signal recognition particle (SRP), and targets the ribosome-nascent chain complex to the Sec61 translocon, a universally conserved protein-conducting channel in the ER-membrane. Despite their common function in Sec61 targeting and ER translocation, SPs have diverse but unique primary sequences. Thus, drugs that recognise SPs could be exploited to inhibit translocation of specific proteins into the ER. Here, through flow cytometric analysis the small-molecule macrocycle cyclotriazadisulfonamide (CADA) is identified as a highly selective human CD4 (hCD4) down-modulator. We show that CADA inhibits CD4 biogenesis and that this is due to its ability to inhibit co-translational translocation of CD4 into the lumen of the ER, both in cells as in a cell-free in vitro translation/translocation system. The activity of CADA maps to the cleavable N-terminal SP of hCD4. Moreover, through surface plasmon resonance analysis we were able to show direct binding of CADA to the SP of hCD4 and identify this SP as the target of our drug. Furthermore, CADA locks the SP in the translocon during a post-targeting step, possibly in a folded state, and prevents the translocation of the associated protein into the ER lumen. Instead, the precursor protein is routed to the cytosol for degradation. These findings demonstrate that a synthetic, cell-permeable small-molecule can be developed as a SP-binding drug to selectively inhibit protein translocation and to reversibly regulate the expression of specific target proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Vermeire
- KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute of Biology, CSCM, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- MRC-Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas W. Bell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, United States of America
| | - Victor Van Puyenbroeck
- KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anne Giraut
- KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sam Noppen
- KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique Schols
- KU Leuven – University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Enno Hartmann
- Institute of Biology, CSCM, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Kalies
- Institute of Biology, CSCM, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mark Marsh
- MRC-Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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63
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Cymer F, von Heijne G, White SH. Mechanisms of integral membrane protein insertion and folding. J Mol Biol 2014; 427:999-1022. [PMID: 25277655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The biogenesis, folding, and structure of α-helical membrane proteins (MPs) are important to understand because they underlie virtually all physiological processes in cells including key metabolic pathways, such as the respiratory chain and the photosystems, as well as the transport of solutes and signals across membranes. Nearly all MPs require translocons--often referred to as protein-conducting channels--for proper insertion into their target membrane. Remarkable progress toward understanding the structure and functioning of translocons has been made during the past decade. Here, we review and assess this progress critically. All available evidence indicates that MPs are equilibrium structures that achieve their final structural states by folding along thermodynamically controlled pathways. The main challenge for cells is the targeting and membrane insertion of highly hydrophobic amino acid sequences. Targeting and insertion are managed in cells principally by interactions between ribosomes and membrane-embedded translocons. Our review examines the biophysical and biological boundaries of MP insertion and the folding of polytopic MPs in vivo. A theme of the review is the under-appreciated role of basic thermodynamic principles in MP folding and assembly. Thermodynamics not only dictates the final folded structure but also is the driving force for the evolution of the ribosome-translocon system of assembly. We conclude the review with a perspective suggesting a new view of translocon-guided MP insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Cymer
- Center for Biomembrane Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm
| | - Gunnar von Heijne
- Center for Biomembrane Research, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm.,Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm University, Box 1031, SE-171 21 Solna, Sweden
| | - Stephen H White
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and the Center for Biomembrane Systems University of California, Irvine Irvine, CA 92697
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64
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Dudek J, Pfeffer S, Lee PH, Jung M, Cavalié A, Helms V, Förster F, Zimmermann R. Protein transport into the human endoplasmic reticulum. J Mol Biol 2014; 427:1159-75. [PMID: 24968227 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein transport into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is essential for all eukaryotic cells and evolutionary related to protein transport into and across the cytoplasmic membrane of eubacteria and archaea. It is based on amino-terminal signal peptides in the precursor polypeptides plus various transport components in cytosol plus ER and can occur either cotranslationally or posttranslationally. The two mechanisms merge at the heterotrimeric Sec61 complex in the ER membrane, which forms an aqueous polypeptide-conducting channel. Since the mammalian ER is also the main intracellular calcium storage organelle, the Sec61 complex is tightly regulated in its dynamics between the open and closed conformations by various ligands, such as precursor polypeptides at the cytosolic face and the Hsp70-type molecular chaperone BiP at the ER lumenal face (Hsp, heat shock protein). Furthermore, BiP binding to the incoming precursor polypeptide contributes to unidirectionality and efficiency of transport. Recent insights into the structural dynamics of the Sec61 complex and related complexes in eubacteria and archaea have various mechanistic and functional implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Dudek
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Pfeffer
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Po-Hsien Lee
- Computational Biology, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Jung
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Adolfo Cavalié
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Volkhard Helms
- Computational Biology, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Friedrich Förster
- Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Richard Zimmermann
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
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65
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Voorhees RM, Fernández IS, Scheres SHW, Hegde RS. Structure of the mammalian ribosome-Sec61 complex to 3.4 Å resolution. Cell 2014; 157:1632-43. [PMID: 24930395 PMCID: PMC4081569 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cotranslational protein translocation is a universally conserved process for secretory and membrane protein biosynthesis. Nascent polypeptides emerging from a translating ribosome are either transported across or inserted into the membrane via the ribosome-bound Sec61 channel. Here, we report structures of a mammalian ribosome-Sec61 complex in both idle and translating states, determined to 3.4 and 3.9 Å resolution. The data sets permit building of a near-complete atomic model of the mammalian ribosome, visualization of A/P and P/E hybrid-state tRNAs, and analysis of a nascent polypeptide in the exit tunnel. Unprecedented chemical detail is observed for both the ribosome-Sec61 interaction and the conformational state of Sec61 upon ribosome binding. Comparison of the maps from idle and translating complexes suggests how conformational changes to the Sec61 channel could facilitate translocation of a secreted polypeptide. The high-resolution structure of the mammalian ribosome-Sec61 complex provides a valuable reference for future functional and structural studies. A near-complete atomic resolution structure of the mammalian ribosome Snapshot of a translating ribosome with hybrid state tRNAs and nascent polypeptide Structures of the Sec61 translocon bound to idle and translating ribosomes Molecular details of the residues involved in the ribosome-Sec61 interaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Voorhees
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK.
| | - Israel S Fernández
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Sjors H W Scheres
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Ramanujan S Hegde
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK.
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