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Djuidje EN, Barbari R, Baldisserotto A, Durini E, Sciabica S, Balzarini J, Liekens S, Vertuani S, Manfredini S. Benzothiazole Derivatives as Multifunctional Antioxidant Agents for Skin Damage: Structure–Activity Relationship of a Scaffold Bearing a Five-Membered Ring System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020407. [PMID: 35204288 PMCID: PMC8869097 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin diseases often give multifactorial damages; therefore, the development of multifunctional compounds represents a suitable approach especially against disorders that are induced by oxidative stress. Thus, taking into account the successful results we achieved on benzimidazoles, we have devised a new series of isosteric benzothiazoles and investigated their antioxidant, photoprotective, antifungal and antiproliferative activity. Particular attention has been paid to synergistic antioxidant and photoprotective properties. For compounds 9a and 10a, a multifunctional profile was outlined, supported by an excellent filtering capacity, mainly UVB, which has higher capacities than those of the reference PBSA which is currently in the market as a UV sunscreen filter. The two compounds were also the best in terms of growth inhibition of dermatophytes and Candida albicans, and 10a also showed good antioxidant activity. Furthermore, 9a was also effective on melanoma tumor cells (SK-Mel 5), making these compounds good candidates in the development of new skin protective and preventive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernestine Nicaise Djuidje
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.N.D.); (E.D.); (S.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Riccardo Barbari
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Anna Baldisserotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.N.D.); (E.D.); (S.S.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (S.V.); Tel.: +39-0532-455258 (A.B.); +39-0532-455294 (S.V.)
| | - Elisa Durini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.N.D.); (E.D.); (S.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Sabrina Sciabica
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.N.D.); (E.D.); (S.S.); (S.M.)
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; (J.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; (J.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.N.D.); (E.D.); (S.S.); (S.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (S.V.); Tel.: +39-0532-455258 (A.B.); +39-0532-455294 (S.V.)
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.N.D.); (E.D.); (S.S.); (S.M.)
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Pršir K, Horak E, Kralj M, Uzelac L, Liekens S, Steinberg IM, Krištafor S. Design, Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterisation and In Vitro Cytostatic Evaluation of Novel Bis(coumarin-1,2,3-triazolyl)benzenes and Hybrid Coumarin-1,2,3-triazolyl-aryl Derivatives. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030637. [PMID: 35163905 PMCID: PMC8840664 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a series of novel 1,2,3-triazolyl-coumarin hybrid systems were designed as potential antitumour agents. The structural modification of the coumarin ring was carried out by Cu(I)-catalysed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 7-azido-4-methylcoumarin and terminal aromatic alkynes to obtain 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazolyl-coumarin conjugates 2a-g, bis(1,2,3-triazolyl-coumarin)benzenes 2h-i and coumarin-1,2,3-triazolyl-benzazole hybrids 4a-b. The newly synthesised hybrid molecules were investigated for in vitro antitumour activity against five human cancer cell lines, colon carcinoma HCT116, breast carcinoma MCF-7, lung carcinoma H 460, human T-lymphocyte cells CEM, cervix carcinoma cells HeLa, as well as human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). Most of these compounds showed moderate to pronounced cytotoxic activity, especially towards MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 = 0.3-32 μM. In addition, compounds 2a-i and 4a-b were studied by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and their basic photophysical parameters were determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Pršir
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.P.); (E.H.); (I.M.S.)
| | - Ema Horak
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.P.); (E.H.); (I.M.S.)
- Fidelta Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovića 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijeta Kralj
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.K.); (L.U.)
| | - Lidija Uzelac
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.K.); (L.U.)
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Ivana Murković Steinberg
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.P.); (E.H.); (I.M.S.)
| | - Svjetlana Krištafor
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.P.); (E.H.); (I.M.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Perin N, Cindrić M, Vervaeke P, Liekens S, Mašek T, Starčević K, Hranjec M. Benzazole Substituted Iminocoumarins as Potential Antioxidants with Antiproliferative Activity. Med Chem 2021; 17:13-20. [PMID: 31849290 DOI: 10.2174/1573406416666191218101427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzazole and coumarin derivatives are one of the most privileged heterocyclic substructures in the medicinal chemistry with well-known biological features, which include a wide range of versatile biological activities as well as excellent spectroscopic characteristics thus offering their potential application in many research fields. OBJECTIVE The prepared iminocoumarins were synthesized to evaluate their antioxidative potential by using ABTS and FRAP assays and in vitro antiproliferative activity. METHODS A series of coumarin derivatives containing a 2-benzazole motif were synthesized and evaluated for their antioxidative capacity and antiproliferative activity. Their molecular structure incorporates a push-pull functionality: an electron donor donating group at the 7-position with an electron-withdrawing group, such as benzimidazole, benzothiazole and imidazopyridine fragment at the 3-position. RESULTS The iminocoumarins bearing different substituents on 7-position were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity on tree cancer cells with only 4 compounds showing the antiproliferative activity. The most active derivative was N,N-diethylamino substituted benzimidazole derivative 4d and imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine analogue 6b, both also displayed selective activity toward CEM with submicromolar inhibitory concentration (0.059 μM; 0.17 ± 0.09, respectively). The inhibitory effect of 4d and 6b derivatives on the cell-cycle progression of HeLa cells was studied. A flow cytometric analysis of the HeLa cells indicated an appreciable cell-cycle arrest in a dose-dependent manner. Antioxidant properties were studied by ABTS and FRAP assays and obtained results revealed that the most promising antioxidant has proven to be compound 3b while other compounds, in general, showed moderate to very low antioxidative capacity in both assays. CONCLUSION Unsubstituted benzimidazole derivatives bearing hydroxyl group on iminocoumarin nuclei exhibited the most prominent antioxidant potential in ABTS assay (3b; 40.5 ± 0.01). The most significant and selective antiproliferative activity was displayed by compounds 4d and 6b (0.059 μM; 0.17 ± 0.09, respectively), which were chosen as lead compounds for further optimization and rational design to obtain more active and selective antiproliferative agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Perin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Cindrić
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Peter Vervaeke
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tomislav Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Starčević
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Hranjec
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Djuidje EN, Durini E, Sciabica S, Serra E, Balzarini J, Liekens S, Manfredini S, Vertuani S, Baldisserotto A. Skin Damages-Structure Activity Relationship of Benzimidazole Derivatives Bearing a 5-Membered Ring System. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184324. [PMID: 32967192 PMCID: PMC7570844 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the search for scaffolds for multifunctional compounds we investigated the structure activity relationship of a class of benzimidazole derivatives bearing 5-membered ring. The newly synthesized and the already known compounds were divided into three classes that present different substituent at 5 position of the benzimidazole ring (-H, -COOH or –SO3H) and different heterocycle at position 2 (thiophene, furan or pyrrole). All the derivatives were synthesized and tested to determine their photoprotective profile against UV rays, in vitro antioxidant capacity against different radicals (DPPH and FRAP test), antifungal inhibitory activity (dermatophytes and Candida albicans), antiviral and antiproliferative activity. A Structure-Activity Relationship study indicated compound 10, bearing a pyrrole heterocycle on the benzimidazole ring, as the best multifunctional derivative of the series and as potential candidate for the development of drugs especially in case of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernestine Nicaise Djuidje
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.N.D.); (E.D.); (S.M.); (S.V.)
| | - Elisa Durini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.N.D.); (E.D.); (S.M.); (S.V.)
| | - Sabrina Sciabica
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Elena Serra
- Aptuit, An Evotec Company, 37135 Verona, Italy;
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; (J.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; (J.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.N.D.); (E.D.); (S.M.); (S.V.)
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.N.D.); (E.D.); (S.M.); (S.V.)
| | - Anna Baldisserotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (E.N.D.); (E.D.); (S.M.); (S.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0532-455258
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J. Solum E, Liekens S, Hansen TV. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Analogs of Didehydroepiandrosterone as Potential New Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25133052. [PMID: 32635325 PMCID: PMC7412091 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25133052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis, cytotoxicity and inhibition of CDK8 by thirteen analogs of cortistatin A are reported. These efforts revealed that the analogs with either a 6- or 7-isoquinoline or 5-indole side chain in the 17-position are the most promising anti-proliferative agents. These compounds showed potent cytotoxic effects in CEM, HeLa and HMEC-1 cells. All three compounds exhibited IC50 values < 10µM. The most interesting 10l analog exhibited an IC50 value of 0.59 µM towards the human dermal microvascular endothelial cell line (HMEC-1), significantly lower than the reference standard 2-methoxyestradiol. At a concentration at 50 nM the most potent 10h compound reduced the activity of CDK8 to 35%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirik J. Solum
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nord University, 7801 Namsos, Norway
- Correspondence:
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Postbus 1043, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Trond Vidar Hansen
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway;
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Djuidje EN, Sciabica S, Buzzi R, Dissette V, Balzarini J, Liekens S, Serra E, Andreotti E, Manfredini S, Vertuani S, Baldisserotto A. Design, synthesis and evaluation of benzothiazole derivatives as multifunctional agents. Bioorg Chem 2020; 101:103960. [PMID: 32559579 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the product or aetiology of various multifactorial diseases; on the other hand, the development of multifunctional compounds is a recognized strategy for the control of complex diseases. To this end, a series of benzothiazole derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for their multifunctional effectiveness as antioxidant, sunscreen (filter), antifungal and antiproliferative agents. Compounds were easily synthesized via condensation reaction between 2-aminothiophenols and different benzaldehydes. SAR study, particularly in position 2 and 6 of benzothiazoles, led to the identification of 4g and 4k as very interesting potential compounds for the design of multifunctional drugs. In particular, compound 4g is the best blocker of hERG potassium channels expressed in HEK 293 cells exhibiting 60.32% inhibition with IC50 = 4.79 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernestine Nicaise Djuidje
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sabrina Sciabica
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, via F. di Mortara 17-19, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Raissa Buzzi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valeria Dissette
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven B-3000, Belgium
| | - Elena Serra
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; Aptuit, An Evotec Company, Via A. Fleming 4, 37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Andreotti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Anna Baldisserotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies, University of Ferrara, via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Lamut A, Gjorgjieva M, Naesens L, Liekens S, Lillsunde KE, Tammela P, Kikelj D, Tomašič T. Anti-influenza virus activity of benzo[d]thiazoles that target heat shock protein 90. Bioorg Chem 2020; 98:103733. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Mandić L, Benčić P, Mlinarić-Majerski K, Liekens S, Snoeck R, Andrei G, Kralj M, Basarić N. Substituted adamantylphthalimides: Synthesis, antiviral and antiproliferative activity. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e2000024. [PMID: 32285536 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, three groups of adamantylphthalimides, bearing different substituents at the phthalimide moiety, N-(4'-R2 )phthalimidoadamantanes (1-7), 3-[N-(4'-R2 )phthalimido]-1-adamantanols (8-10), and 3-[N-(4'-R2 )phthalimido]adamantane-1-carboxylic acids (11-15), were synthesized and screened against tumor cells and viruses. The most potent compounds are not substituted at the adamantane and bear an OH or NH2 substituent at the phthalimide (compounds 3 and 5). The antiproliferative activities of compounds 3 and 5 are in the micromolar range, much higher than the one of thalidomide. A minor antiviral activity against cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus was found for compounds 3 and 5, but these compounds lacked selectivity. The results presented are important for the rational design of the next-generation compounds with anticancer and antiviral activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Mandić
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Patricia Benčić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kata Mlinarić-Majerski
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert Snoeck
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Graciela Andrei
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marijeta Kralj
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikola Basarić
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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Liekens S, Smits T, Laekeman G, Foulon V. Factors determining social distance toward people with depression among community pharmacists. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 27:528-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2010.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Revised: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to measure stigma among community pharmacists regarding patients with depression, using social distance as a proxy measure. Furthermore, factors influencing stigmatization were identified.MethodsA survey consisting of questions regarding social distance, cognitive attitude components, stereotypical beliefs and behavioural tendencies towards pharmaceutical care for patients with depression was carried out. The survey was completed by 149 community pharmacists with a response rate of 82%. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to the results of the survey.ResultsMost pharmacists endorsed social distance towards patients with depression. The social distance further increased the more the situation described implied “social closeness”. Age, depression care attitude, the stereotypical belief “danger to others” and the level of involvement pharmacists showed towards patients with depression were found to predict social distance. The present model explains 32.3% of the variance in social distance.ConclusionThe results showed that community pharmacists have a stigmatizing attitude towards patients with depression. The determinants found to influence these stigmatizing attitudes might be addressed when trying to reduce stigmatization of patients with depression.
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Romagnoli R, Prencipe F, Oliva P, Kimatrai Salvador M, Brancale A, Ferla S, Hamel E, Viola G, Bortolozzi R, Persoons L, Balzarini J, Liekens S, Schols D. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-alkoxycarbonyl-3-anilinoindoles as a new class of potent inhibitors of tubulin polymerization. Bioorg Chem 2020; 97:103665. [PMID: 32086053 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A new class of inhibitors of tubulin polymerization based on the 2-alkoxycarbonyl-3-(3',4',5'-trimethoxyanilino)indole molecular skeleton was synthesized and evaluated for antiproliferative activity, inhibition of tubulin polymerization and cell cycle effects. The results presented show that the methoxy substitution and location on the indole nucleus plays an important role in inhibition of cell growth, and the most favorable position for the substituent was at C-6. In addition, a small-size ester function (methoxy/ethoxycarbonyl) at the 2-position of the indole core was desirable. Also, analogues that were alkylated with methyl, ethyl or n-propyl groups or had a benzyl moiety on the N-1 indolic nitrogen retained activity equivalent to those observed in the parent N-1H analogues. The most promising compounds of the series were 2-methoxycarbonyl-3-(3',4'.5'-trimethoxyanilino)-5-methoxyindole 3f and 1-methyl-2-methoxycarbonyl-3-(3',4'.5'-trimethoxyanilino)-6-methoxy-indole 3w, both of which target tubulin at the colchicine site with antitubulin activities comparable to that of the reference compound combretastatin A-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romeo Romagnoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Filippo Prencipe
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Oliva
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Kimatrai Salvador
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andrea Brancale
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Salvatore Ferla
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff, CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Screening Technologies Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Giampietro Viola
- Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Laboratorio di Oncoematologia, Università di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica (IRP), Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Bortolozzi
- Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Laboratorio di Oncoematologia, Università di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Leentje Persoons
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique Schols
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
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11
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Marzo-Mas A, Conesa-Milián L, Noppen S, Liekens S, Falomir E, Murga J, Carda M, Marco JA. N-alpha-Aminoacyl Colchicines as Promising Anticancer Agents. Med Chem 2019; 17:21-32. [PMID: 31793423 DOI: 10.2174/1573406415666191203112406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last years, many efforts have been made to find colchicine derivatives with reduced toxicity. Additionally, the deregulation of amino acid uptake by cancer cells provides an opportunity to improve anticancer drug effectiveness. OBJECTIVE To design new colchicine derivatives with reduced cytotoxicity and enhanced selectivity by means of introducing aminoacyl groups. METHODS 34 colchicine analogues bearing L- and D-amino acid pendants were synthetized and characterized by NMR, IR and MS techniques. Cytotoxicity and antimitotic properties were assessed by spectrophotometry and cell cycle assays. Oncogene downregulation was studied by RTqPCR whereas in vivo studies were performed in SCID mice. RESULTS Compounds exhibit high antiproliferative activities at the nanomolar level while being, in general, less cytotoxic than colchicine. Most compounds inhibit the polymerization of tubulin in a way similar to colchicine itself, with L-amino acid derivatives being the most active in the inhibition of tubulin polymerization. All selected compounds caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase when tested at 1 μM. More specifically, Boc-L-proline derivative 6 arrested half of the population and showed one of the highest Selectivity Indexes. Derivatives 1 (Boc-glycine), 27 (D-leucine) and 31 (Boc-glycine-glycine) proved fairly active in downregulating the expression of the c-Myc, hTERT and VEGF oncogenes, with compound 6 (Boc-L-proline) having the highest activity. This compound was shown to exert a potent anti-tumor effect when administered intraperitoneally (LD50 > 100 mg/kg for 6, compared with 2.5 mg/kg for colchicine). CONCLUSION Compound 6 offers an opportunity to be used in cancer therapy with less toxicity problems than colchicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marzo-Mas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Laura Conesa-Milián
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Sam Noppen
- Laboratorium Virologie en Chemotherapie (Rega Instituut), Rega - Herestraat 49 - bus 1043, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Laboratorium Virologie en Chemotherapie (Rega Instituut), Rega - Herestraat 49 - bus 1043, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eva Falomir
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Juan Murga
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Miguel Carda
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica, Universitat Jaume I, E-12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Juan A Marco
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Univ. Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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12
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Bueno O, Gargantilla M, Estévez-Gallego J, Martins S, Díaz JF, Camarasa MJ, Liekens S, Pérez-Pérez MJ, Priego EM. Diphenyl ether derivatives occupy the expanded binding site of cyclohexanedione compounds at the colchicine site in tubulin by movement of the αT5 loop. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 171:195-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Gondim ACS, Roberta da Silva S, Mathys L, Noppen S, Liekens S, Holanda Sampaio A, Nagano CS, Renata Costa Rocha C, Nascimento KS, Cavada BS, Sadler PJ, Balzarini J. Potent antiviral activity of carbohydrate-specific algal and leguminous lectins from the Brazilian biodiversity. Medchemcomm 2019; 10:390-398. [PMID: 30996857 PMCID: PMC6430086 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00508g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Brazil has one of the largest biodiversities in the world. The search for new natural products extracted from the Brazilian flora may lead to the discovery of novel drugs with potential to treat infectious and other diseases. Here, we have investigated 9 lectins extracted and purified from the Northeastern Brazilian flora, from both leguminous species: Canavalia brasiliensis (ConBr), C. maritima (ConM), Dioclea lasiocarpa (DLasiL) and D. sclerocarpa (DSclerL), and algae Amansia multifida (AML), Bryothamniom seaforthii (BSL), Hypnea musciformis (HML), Meristiella echinocarpa (MEL) and Solieria filiformis (SfL). They were exposed to a panel of 18 different viruses, including HIV and influenza viruses. Several lectins showed highly potent antiviral activity, often within the low nanomolar range. DSclerL and DLasiL exhibited EC50 values (effective concentration of lectin required to inhibit virus-induced cytopathicity by 50%) of 9 nM to 46 nM for HIV-1 and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), respectively, DLasiL also inhibited feline corona virus at an EC50 of 5 nM, and DSclerL, ConBr and ConM showed remarkably low EC50 values ranging from 0.4 to 6 nM against influenza A virus strain H3N2 and influenza B virus. For HIV, evidence pointed to the blockage of entry of the virus into its target cells as the underlying mechanism of antiviral action of these lectins. Overall, the most promising lectins based on their EC50 values were DLasiL, DSclerL, ConBr, ConM, SfL and HML. These novel findings indicate that lectins from the Brazilian flora may provide novel antiviral compounds with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C S Gondim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Federal University of Ceará , 60455-760 , Fortaleza , Ceará , Brazil .
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , UK .
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry , Federal University of Ceará , 60455-900 , Fortaleza , Ceará , Brazil
| | - Suzete Roberta da Silva
- Department of Fishing and Engineering , Federal University of Ceará , 60455-900 , Fortaleza , Ceará , Brazil
- Para West Federal University , 68220-000 , Monte Alegre , Brazil
| | - Leen Mathys
- Rega Institute for Medical Research , Department of Microbiology and Immunology , KU Leuven , 3000 Leuven , Belgium .
| | - Sam Noppen
- Rega Institute for Medical Research , Department of Microbiology and Immunology , KU Leuven , 3000 Leuven , Belgium .
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research , Department of Microbiology and Immunology , KU Leuven , 3000 Leuven , Belgium .
| | - Alexandre Holanda Sampaio
- Department of Fishing and Engineering , Federal University of Ceará , 60455-900 , Fortaleza , Ceará , Brazil
| | - Celso S Nagano
- Department of Fishing and Engineering , Federal University of Ceará , 60455-900 , Fortaleza , Ceará , Brazil
| | | | - Kyria S Nascimento
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Federal University of Ceará , 60455-760 , Fortaleza , Ceará , Brazil .
| | - Benildo S Cavada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Federal University of Ceará , 60455-760 , Fortaleza , Ceará , Brazil .
| | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Rega Institute for Medical Research , Department of Microbiology and Immunology , KU Leuven , 3000 Leuven , Belgium .
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14
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Vrijens P, Noppen S, Boogaerts T, Vanstreels E, Ronca R, Chiodelli P, Laporte M, Vanderlinden E, Liekens S, Stevaert A, Naesens L. Influenza virus entry via the GM3 ganglioside-mediated platelet-derived growth factor receptor β signalling pathway. J Gen Virol 2019; 100:583-601. [PMID: 30762518 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The possible resistance of influenza virus against existing antiviral drugs calls for new therapeutic concepts. One appealing strategy is to inhibit virus entry, in particular at the stage of internalization. This requires a better understanding of virus-host interactions during the entry process, including the role of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). To search for cellular targets, we evaluated a panel of 276 protein kinase inhibitors in a multicycle antiviral assay in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. The RTK inhibitor Ki8751 displayed robust anti-influenza A and B virus activity and was selected for mechanistic investigations. Ki8751 efficiently disrupted the endocytic process of influenza virus in different cell lines carrying platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ), an RTK that is known to act at GM3 ganglioside-positive lipid rafts. The more efficient virus entry in CHO-K1 cells compared to the wild-type ancestor (CHO-wt) cells indicated a positive effect of GM3, which is abundant in CHO-K1 but not in CHO-wt cells. Entering virus localized to GM3-positive lipid rafts and the PDGFRβ-containing endosomal compartment. PDGFRβ/GM3-dependent virus internalization involved PDGFRβ phosphorylation, which was potently inhibited by Ki8751, and desialylation of activated PDGFRβ by the viral neuraminidase. Virus uptake coincided with strong activation of the Raf/MEK/Erk cascade, but not of PI3K/Akt or phospholipase C-γ. We conclude that influenza virus efficiently hijacks the GM3-enhanced PDGFRβ signalling pathway for cell penetration, providing an opportunity for host cell-targeting antiviral intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Vrijens
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sam Noppen
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Talitha Boogaerts
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Els Vanstreels
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roberto Ronca
- 2Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Chiodelli
- 2Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Manon Laporte
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evelien Vanderlinden
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annelies Stevaert
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lieve Naesens
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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15
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Benkheil M, Van Haele M, Roskams T, Laporte M, Noppen S, Abbasi K, Delang L, Neyts J, Liekens S. CCL20, a direct-acting pro-angiogenic chemokine induced by hepatitis C virus (HCV): Potential role in HCV-related liver cancer. Exp Cell Res 2018; 372:168-177. [PMID: 30287142 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The CCL20/CCR6 chemokine/receptor axis has previously been shown to contribute to the initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through the recruitment of CCR6-positive leukocytes to the tumor microenvironment. In particular, high serum levels of CCL20 are reported in patients with HCC induced by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). A potential non-immune role for the CCL20/CCR6 axis in HCC development has not yet been investigated. Microarray analysis (Benkheil et al., paper submitted for publication), revealed that CCL20 is highly upregulated in hepatoma cells infected with HCV compared with non-infected hepatoma cells. To determine the role of the CCL20/CCR6 axis in HCV-related HCC, we first explored which cell populations express CCR6 in human liver tissue with chronic disease or HCC. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis revealed that CCR6 is present on endothelial cells (ECs) of portal blood vessels in livers with chronic HCV infection and in HCV- and alcoholic-HCC tissue. In addition, we found CCR6 to be expressed on primary macrovascular (HUVECs) and microvascular ECs (HMVEC-ds) where it co-expressed with the endothelial marker CD31. In vitro angiogenesis experiments revealed that CCL20 is a direct pro-angiogenic molecule that induces EC invasion, sprouting and migration through CCR6. Moreover, using the angiogenesis matrigel plug assay in immunodeficient NMRI-nu mice, we clearly showed that CCL20 induces blood vessel formation, by attracting CCR6-positive ECs. Finally, we demonstrated that HCV-induced CCL20 protein expression and secretion in hepatoma cells could be abolished by antiviral treatment, indicating that CCL20 expression is dependent on HCV replication. In contrast to HCV, HBV-infection resulted in a decreased expression of CCL20, implying a virus-specific effect. Taken together, we identified HCV-induced CCL20 as a direct pro-angiogenic factor that acts on endothelial CCR6. These results suggest that the CCL20/CCR6 axis contributes to hepatic angiogenesis, promoting the hypervascular state of HCV-HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Benkheil
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium.
| | - Matthias Van Haele
- Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Department of Imaging & Pathology, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium
| | - Tania Roskams
- Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Department of Imaging & Pathology, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium
| | - Manon Laporte
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium
| | - Sam Noppen
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium
| | - Kayvan Abbasi
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium
| | - Leen Delang
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium
| | - Johan Neyts
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium
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16
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Preti D, Romagnoli R, Rondanin R, Cacciari B, Hamel E, Balzarini J, Liekens S, Schols D, Estévez-Sarmiento F, Quintana J, Estévez F. Design, synthesis, in vitro antiproliferative activity and apoptosis-inducing studies of 1-(3',4',5'-trimethoxyphenyl)-3-(2'-alkoxycarbonylindolyl)-2-propen-1-one derivatives obtained by a molecular hybridisation approach. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2018; 33:1225-1238. [PMID: 30141353 PMCID: PMC6116705 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2018.1493473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of microtubule function using tubulin targeting agents has received growing attention in the last several decades. The indole scaffold has been recognized as an important scaffold in the design of novel compounds acting as antimitotic agents. Indole-based chalcones, in which one of the aryl rings was replaced by an indole, have been explored in the last few years for their anticancer potential in different cancer cell lines. Eighteen novel (3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyphenyl)-indolyl-propenone derivatives with general structure 9 were synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against a panel of four different human cancer cell lines. The highest IC50 values were obtained against the human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell line. This series of chalcone derivatives was characterized by the presence of a 2-alkoxycarbonyl indole ring as the second aryl system attached at the carbonyl of the 3-position of the 1-(3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one framework. The structure–activity relationship (SAR) of the indole-based chalcone derivatives was investigated by varying the position of the methoxy group, by the introduction of different substituents (hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or benzyl) at the N-1 position and by the activity differences between methoxycarbonyl and ethoxycarbonyl moieties at the 2-position of the indole nucleus. The antiproliferative activity data of the novel synthesized compounds revealed that generally N-substituted indole analogues exhibited considerably reduced potency as compared with their parent N-unsubstituted counterparts, demonstrating that the presence of a hydrogen on the indole nitrogen plays a decisive role in increasing antiproliferative activity. The results also revealed that the position of the methoxy group on the indole ring is a critical determinant of biological activity. Among the synthesized derivatives, compound 9e, containing the 2-methoxycarbonyl-6-methoxy-N-1H-indole moiety exhibited the highest antiproliferative activity, with IC50 values of 0.37, 0.16 and 0.17 μM against HeLa, HT29 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, respectively, and with considerably lower activity against HL-60 cells (IC50: 18 μM). This derivative also displayed cytotoxic properties (IC50 values ∼1 μM) in the human myeloid leukemia U-937 cell line overexpressing human Bcl-2 (U-937/Bcl-2) via cell cycle progression arrest at the G2-M phase and induction of apoptosis. The results obtained also demonstrated that the antiproliferative activity of this molecule is related to inhibition of tubulin polymerisation. The presence of a methoxy group at the C5- or C6-position of the indole nucleus, as well as the absence of substituents at the N-1-indole position, contributed to the optimal activity of the indole-propenone-3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyphenyl scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Preti
- a Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Romeo Romagnoli
- a Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Riccardo Rondanin
- a Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Barbara Cacciari
- a Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Ferrara , Ferrara , Italy
| | - Ernest Hamel
- b Screening Technologies Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research , National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Frederick , MD , USA
| | - Jan Balzarini
- c Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven , Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- c Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven , Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Dominique Schols
- c Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven , Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Francisco Estévez-Sarmiento
- d Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute in Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS) , University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) , Spain
| | - José Quintana
- d Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute in Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS) , University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) , Spain
| | - Francisco Estévez
- d Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute in Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS) , University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (ULPGC) , Spain
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17
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Hulpia F, Noppen S, Schols D, Andrei G, Snoeck R, Liekens S, Vervaeke P, Van Calenbergh S. Synthesis of a 3'-C-ethynyl-β-d-ribofuranose purine nucleoside library: Discovery of C7-deazapurine analogs as potent antiproliferative nucleosides. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:248-267. [PMID: 30098481 PMCID: PMC7111280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A focused nucleoside library was constructed around a 3'-C-ethynyl-d-ribofuranose sugar scaffold, which was coupled to variously modified purine nucleobases. The resulting nucleosides were probed for their ability to inhibit tumor cell proliferation, as well as for their activity against a panel of relevant human viruses. While C6-aryl substituted purine nucleosides were found to be weakly active, several C7-substituted 7-deazapurine nucleosides elicited potent antiproliferative activity. Their activity spectrum was evaluated in the NCI-60 tumor cell line panel indicating activity against several solid tumor derived cell lines. Analog 32, equipped with a 7-deaza 7-chloro-6-amino-purin-9-yl base was evaluated in a metastatic breast tumor (MDA-MB-231-LM2) xenograft model. It inhibited both tumor growth and reduced the formation of lung metastases as revealed by BLI analysis. The dideazanucleoside analog 66 showed interesting activity against hCMV. These results highlight the potential advantages of recombining known sugar and nucleobase motifs as a library design strategy to discover novel antiviral or antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Hulpia
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry (Campus Heymans), Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Sam Noppen
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique Schols
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Graciela Andrei
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robert Snoeck
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Vervaeke
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Serge Van Calenbergh
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry (Campus Heymans), Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, B-9000, Gent, Belgium.
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18
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Janssens R, Boff D, Ruytinx P, Mortier A, Vanheule V, Larsen O, Daugvilaite V, Rosenkilde MM, Noppen S, Liekens S, Schols D, De Meester I, Opdenakker G, Struyf S, Teixeira MM, Amaral FA, Proost P. Peroxynitrite Exposure of CXCL12 Impairs Monocyte, Lymphocyte and Endothelial Cell Chemotaxis, Lymphocyte Extravasation in vivo and Anti-HIV-1 Activity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1933. [PMID: 30233568 PMCID: PMC6127631 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CXCL12 is a chemotactic cytokine that attracts many different cell types for homeostasis and during inflammation. Under stress conditions, macrophages and granulocytes produce factors such as peroxynitrite as a consequence of their oxidative response. After short incubations of CXCL12 with peroxynitrite, the gradual nitration of Tyr7, Tyr61, or both Tyr7 and Tyr61 was demonstrated with the use of mass spectrometry, whereas longer incubations caused CXCL12 degradation. Native CXCL12 and the nitrated forms, [3-NT61]CXCL12 and [3-NT7/61]CXCL12, were chemically synthesized to evaluate the effects of Tyr nitration on the biological activity of CXCL12. All CXCL12 forms had a similar binding affinity for heparin, the G protein-coupled chemokine receptor CXCR4 and the atypical chemokine receptor ACKR3. However, nitration significantly enhanced the affinity of CXCL12 for chondroitin sulfate. Internalization of CXCR4 and β-arrestin 2 recruitment to CXCR4 was significantly reduced for [3-NT7/61]CXCL12 compared to CXCL12, whereas β-arrestin 2 recruitment to ACKR3 was similar for all CXCL12 variants. [3-NT7/61]CXCL12 was weaker in calcium signaling assays and in in vitro chemotaxis assays with monocytes, lymphocytes and endothelial cells. Surprisingly, nitration of Tyr61, but not Tyr7, partially protected CXCL12 against cleavage by the specific serine protease CD26. In vivo, the effects were more pronounced compared to native CXCL12. Nitration of any Tyr residue drastically lowered lymphocyte extravasation to joints compared to native CXCL12. Finally, the anti-HIV-1 activity of [3-NT7]CXCL12 and [3-NT7/61]CXCL12 was reduced, whereas CXCL12 and [3-NT61]CXCL12 were equally potent. In conclusion, nitration of CXCL12 occurs readily upon contact with peroxynitrite and specifically nitration of Tyr7 fully reduces its in vitro and in vivo biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik Janssens
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Daiane Boff
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Pieter Ruytinx
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anneleen Mortier
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vincent Vanheule
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olav Larsen
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Viktorija Daugvilaite
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette M Rosenkilde
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sam Noppen
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique Schols
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ingrid De Meester
- Laboratory of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ghislain Opdenakker
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofie Struyf
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Flávio A Amaral
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paul Proost
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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19
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Al-Kazaale N, Tran PT, Haidari F, Solum EJ, Liekens S, Vervaeke P, Sylte I, Cheng JJ, Vik A, Hansen TV. Synthesis, molecular modeling and biological evaluation of potent analogs of 2-methoxyestradiol. Steroids 2018; 136:47-55. [PMID: 29772242 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The endogenous steroid 2-methoxyestradiol (1) has attracted a great interest as a lead compound towards the development of new anti-cancer drugs. Herein, the synthesis, molecular modeling, anti-proliferative and anti-angiogenic effects of ten 2-ethyl and four 2-methoxy analogs of estradiol are reported. The ethyl group was introduced to the steroid A-ring using a novel Friedel-Crafts alkylation protocol. Several analogs displayed potent anti-proliferative activity with IC50-values in the submicromolar range towards the CEM human leukemia cancer cell line. As such, all of these compounds proved to be more active than the lead compound 2-methoxyestradiol (1) in these cells. The six most cytostatic analogs were also tested as anti-angiogenic agents using an in vitro tube formation assay. The IC50-values were determined to be in the range of 0.1 μM ± 0.03 and 1.1 μM ± 0.2. These six compounds were also modest inhibitors against tubulin polymerization with the most potent inhibitor was 14b (IC50 = 2.1 ± 0.1 μM). Binding studies using N,N'-ethylene-bis(iodoacetamide) revealed that neither14a or 14b binds to the colchicine binding site in the tubulin protein, in contrast to 2-methoxyestradiol (1). These observations were supported by molecular modeling studies. Results from a MDA-MB-231 cell cycle assay showed that both 10e and 14b gave accumulation in the G2/M phase resulting in induction of apoptosis. The results presented herein shows that the novel analogs reported exhibit their anticancer effects via several modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Al-Kazaale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Phuong T Tran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Farhad Haidari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eirik Johansson Solum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway; Faculty of Health Sciences, Nord University, 7801 Namsos, Norway
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Postbus 1043, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Vervaeke
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Postbus 1043, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ingebrigt Sylte
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jing-Jy Cheng
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, 155-1 Li-Nung Street, Section 2, Shih-Pai, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Anders Vik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Trond Vidar Hansen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
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20
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Benkheil M, Paeshuyse J, Neyts J, Van Haele M, Roskams T, Liekens S. HCV-induced EGFR-ERK signaling promotes a pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic signature contributing to liver cancer pathogenesis. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 155:305-315. [PMID: 30012461 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
HCV is a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC development in chronically infected HCV patients has until now been attributed to persistent inflammation and interference of viral proteins with host cell signaling. Since activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) presents a crucial step in HCV entry, we aimed at investigating whether EGFR signaling may contribute to the pathogenesis of HCV-related HCC. By applying microarray analysis, we generated a gene expression signature for secreted proteins in HCV-infected hepatoma cells. This gene signature was enriched for inflammatory and angiogenic processes; both crucially involved in HCC development. RT-qPCR analysis, conducted on the entire list of upregulated genes, confirmed induction of 11 genes (AREG, IL8, CCL20, CSF1, GDF15, IGFBP1, VNN3, THBS1 and PAI-1) in a virus titer- and replication-dependent manner. EGFR activation in hepatoma cells largely mimicked the gene signature seen in the infectious HCV model. Further, the EGFR-ERK pathway, but not Akt signaling, was responsible for this gene expression profile. Finally, microarray analysis conducted on clinical data from the GEO database, revealed that our validated gene expression profile is significantly represented in livers of patients with HCV-related liver pathogenesis (cirrhosis and HCC) compared to healthy livers. Taken together, our data indicate that persistent activation of EGFR-ERK signaling in chronically infected HCV patients may induce a specific pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic signature that presents a new mechanism by which HCV can promote liver cancer pathogenesis. A better understanding of the key factors in HCV-related oncogenesis, may efficiently direct HCC drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Benkheil
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium.
| | - Jan Paeshuyse
- Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium
| | - Johan Neyts
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Haele
- Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Department of Imaging & Pathology, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium
| | - Tania Roskams
- Translational Cell & Tissue Research, Department of Imaging & Pathology, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Laboratory of Virology and Experimental Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium
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21
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Pavurala S, Vaarla K, Kesharwani R, Naesens L, Liekens S, Vedula RR. Bis coumarinyl bis triazolothiadiazinyl ethane derivatives: Synthesis, antiviral activity evaluation, and molecular docking studies. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2018.1455871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sreenu Pavurala
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, India
| | - Krishnaiah Vaarla
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, India
| | | | - Lieve Naesens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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22
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Bueno O, Estévez Gallego J, Martins S, Prota AE, Gago F, Gómez-SanJuan A, Camarasa MJ, Barasoain I, Steinmetz MO, Díaz JF, Pérez-Pérez MJ, Liekens S, Priego EM. High-affinity ligands of the colchicine domain in tubulin based on a structure-guided design. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4242. [PMID: 29523799 PMCID: PMC5844890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22382-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-targeting agents that bind at the colchicine-site of tubulin are of particular interest in antitumoral therapy due to their dual mechanism of action as antimitotics and vascular disrupting agents. Cyclohexanediones derivatives have been described as a new family of colchicine-domain binders with an association constant to tubulin similar to that of colchicine. Here, the high-resolution structures of tubulin in complex with cyclohexanediones TUB015 and TUB075 were solved by X-ray crystallography. A detailed analysis of the tubulin-TUB075 interaction by means of computational affinity maps allowed the identification of two additional regions at the binding site that were addressed with the design and synthesis of a new series of cyclohexanediones with a distal 2-substituted benzofurane. These new compounds showed potent antiproliferative activity with IC50 values in the nM range, arrested cell cycle progression at the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis at sub μM concentrations. Moreover, they caused the destruction of a preformed vascular network in vitro and inhibited the migration of endothelial cells at non-toxic concentrations. Finally, these compounds displayed high affinity for tubulin as substantiated by a K b value of 2.87 × 108 M-1 which, to the best of our knowledge, represents the highest binding constant measured to date for a colchicine-domain ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskía Bueno
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM,CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Estévez Gallego
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB,CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Solange Martins
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andrea E Prota
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Federico Gago
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (Unidad Asociada IQM,CSIC) and Instituto de Investigación Quimica "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá, Unidad Asociada CSIC, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Asier Gómez-SanJuan
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM,CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-José Camarasa
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM,CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Barasoain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB,CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Michel O Steinmetz
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Division of Biology and Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Biozentrum, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J Fernando Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB,CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sandra Liekens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eva-María Priego
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM,CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
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23
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Conesa-Milián L, Falomir E, Murga J, Carda M, Meyen E, Liekens S, Alberto Marco J. Synthesis and biological evaluation of carbamates derived from aminocombretastatin A-4 as vascular disrupting agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 147:183-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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24
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Gasse C, Zaarour M, Noppen S, Abramov M, Marlière P, Liekens S, De Strooper B, Herdewijn P. Modulation of BACE1 Activity by Chemically Modified Aptamers. Chembiochem 2018; 19:754-763. [PMID: 29327496 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A modified DNA aptamer that binds BACE1, a therapeutic target involved in Alzheimer's disease has been developed. This ssXNA not only tightly binds to BACE1 but also inhibits its protease activity in vitro in the same range as a previously described unmodified aptamer. We report the in vitro selection of functional oligonucleotides incorporating two nucleobase modifications: 5-chlorouracil and 7-deazaadenine. The nucleoside analogue 5-chloro-2'-deoxyuridine has already been explored as a replacement for thymidine in a chemically modified genome of a bacterium. Thus, 5-chlorouracil modification is a good candidate to support genetic transfer in vivo as well as functional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Gasse
- Univ Evry, CNRS-UMR8030-Laboratoire iSSB, CEA, DRF, IG, Genoscope, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Évry, 91030, France
| | - Marwa Zaarour
- Univ Evry, CNRS-UMR8030-Laboratoire iSSB, CEA, DRF, IG, Genoscope, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Évry, 91030, France
| | - Sam Noppen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Postbus 1043, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mikhail Abramov
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe Marlière
- The European Syndicate of Synthetic Scientists and Industrialists (TESSI), 81 rue Réaumur, 75002, Paris, France
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Postbus 1043, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart De Strooper
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Institute for Neuroscience and Disease, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Dementia Research Institute (UK), University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT, London, UK
| | - Piet Herdewijn
- Univ Evry, CNRS-UMR8030-Laboratoire iSSB, CEA, DRF, IG, Genoscope, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue Henri Desbruères, Évry, 91030, France.,Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
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25
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El-Gazzar A, Noppen S, Thomas J, Dehaen W, Balzarini J, Liekens S. 2-Amino-3-methylcarboxy-5-heptyl-thiophene (TJ191) is a selective anti-cancer small molecule that targets low TβRIII-expressing malignant T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:6259-6269. [PMID: 29464070 PMCID: PMC5814210 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Current chemotherapy regimens often include non-specific cytostatic/cytotoxic drugs, which do not distinguish between normal and tumor cells, therefore causing considerable systemic toxicity. We previously reported the synthesis and anti-proliferative activity of a novel synthetic 2-aminothiophene-3-carboxylic acid ester derivative TJ191 that selectively targets certain cancer cells without affecting the proliferation of other cancer cells or normal fibroblasts or immune cells (over 600-fold selectivity). In a panel of ten human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we now found that transforming growth factor β type III receptor (TβRIII) expression correlates inversely with TJ191 sensitivity, but not with sensitivity against classical chemotherapeutic drugs, thus serving as a predictive marker for TJ191 sensitivity. Accordingly, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-out of TβRIII partially restored the susceptibility of TJ191-resistant cells to this novel compound. Our findings highlight TJ191 as a potent and selective anti-cancer molecule with pronounced activity against human malignant T-cells expressing low levels of TβRIII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed El-Gazzar
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sam Noppen
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joice Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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26
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Romagnoli R, Kimatrai Salvador M, Schiaffino Ortega S, Baraldi PG, Oliva P, Baraldi S, Lopez-Cara LC, Brancale A, Ferla S, Hamel E, Balzarini J, Liekens S, Mattiuzzo E, Basso G, Viola G. 2-Alkoxycarbonyl-3-arylamino-5-substituted thiophenes as a novel class of antimicrotubule agents: Design, synthesis, cell growth and tubulin polymerization inhibition. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:683-698. [PMID: 29220790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules are recognized as crucial components of the mitotic spindle during cell division, and, for this reason, the microtubule system is an attractive target for the development of anticancer agents. Continuing our search strategy for novel tubulin targeting-compounds, a new series of 2-alkoxycarbonyl-3-(3',4',5'-trimethoxyanilino)-5-aryl/heteroarylthiophene derivatives was designed, synthesized and demonstrated to act as tubulin polymerization inhibitors at the colchicine site. A structure-activity relationship study on the phenyl at the 5-position of the thiophene ring was performed by introducing a variety of substituents containing electron-releasing and electron-withdrawing groups, with the 2-alkoxycarbonyl-3-(3',4',5'-trimethoxyanilino)thiophene scaffold being the minimum structural requirement for activity. Of the tested compounds, derivatives 4a, 4c, 4i and 4k possessed the highest overall potency and displayed high antiproliferative activities at submicromolar concentrations, with IC50 values ranging from 0.13 to 0.84 μM against four different cancer cell lines. Three agents (4a, 4c and 4i) in the present series had similar effects, and these were comparable to those of the reference compound combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) as inhibitors of tubulin assembly. The antitubulin effects correlated with the cytostatic activities and indicate that these compounds inhibit cell growth through inhibition of tubulin polymerization by binding at the colchicine site. Compound 4c, containing the 2'-thienyl ring at the 5-position of the 2-methoxycarbonyl-3-(3',4',5'-trimethoxyanilino)thiophene scaffold, exhibited substantial antiproliferative activity with a mean IC50 value of 140 nM, inhibited tubulin polymerization with an IC50 value of 1.2 μM, similar to that of CA-4 (IC50: 1.1 μM), and induced apoptosis in HeLa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romeo Romagnoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Maria Kimatrai Salvador
- Departamento de Química Farmaceútica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Santiago Schiaffino Ortega
- Departamento de Química Farmaceútica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Pier Giovanni Baraldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Oliva
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Baraldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luisa Carlota Lopez-Cara
- Departamento de Química Farmaceútica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus de Cartuja s/n, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Andrea Brancale
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Salvatore Ferla
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Screening Technologies Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elena Mattiuzzo
- Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Laboratorio di Oncoematologia Pediatrica, Università di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Basso
- Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Laboratorio di Oncoematologia Pediatrica, Università di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giampietro Viola
- Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Laboratorio di Oncoematologia Pediatrica, Università di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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27
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Romanucci V, Zarrelli A, Liekens S, Noppen S, Pannecouque C, Di Fabio G. New findings on the d(TGGGAG) sequence: Surprising anti-HIV-1 activity. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 145:425-430. [PMID: 29335208 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The biological relevance of tetramolecular G-quadruplexes especially as anti-HIV agents has been extensively reported in the literature over the last years. In the light of our recent results regarding the slow G-quadruplex folding kinetics of ODNs based on d(TGGGAG) sequence, here we report a systematic anti-HIV screening to investigate the impact of the G-quadruplex folding on their anti-HIV activity. In particular, varying the single stranded concentrations of ODNs, it has been tested a pool of ODN sample solutions with different G-quadruplex concentrations. The anti-HIV assays have been designed favouring the limited kinetics involved in the tetramolecular G4-association based on the d(TGGGAG) sequence. Aiming to determine the stoichiometry of G-quadruplex structures in the same experimental conditions of the anti-HIV assays, a native gel electrophoresis was performed. The gel confirmed the G-quadruplex formation for almost all sample solutions while showing the formation of high order G4 structures for the more concentrated ODNs solutions. The most significant result is the discovery of a potent anti-HIV activity of the G-quadruplex formed by the natural d(TGGGAG) sequence (IC50 = 14 nM) that, until now, has been reported to be completely inactive against HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Romanucci
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli 'Federico II', Via Cintia 4, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Armando Zarrelli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli 'Federico II', Via Cintia 4, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Sandra Liekens
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49, Postbus 1043, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sam Noppen
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49, Postbus 1043, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe Pannecouque
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49, Postbus 1043, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Giovanni Di Fabio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli 'Federico II', Via Cintia 4, I-80126, Napoli, Italy.
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28
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Perin N, Alić J, Liekens S, Van Aerschot A, Vervaeke P, Gadakh B, Hranjec M. Different positions of amide side chains on the benzimidazo[1,2-a]quinoline skeleton strongly influence biological activity. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00416a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazo[1,2-a]quinolines substituted with amide chains have been evaluated for their antiproliferative, antibacterial and antiviral activity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Perin
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Jasna Alić
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Rega Institute
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology
- B-3000 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Arthur Van Aerschot
- Rega Institute
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences
- B-3000 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Peter Vervaeke
- Rega Institute for Medical Research
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy
- B-3000 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Bharat Gadakh
- Rega Institute
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences
- B-3000 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Marijana Hranjec
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- University of Zagreb
- HR-10000 Zagreb
- Croatia
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29
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Delbart F, Brams M, Gruss F, Noppen S, Peigneur S, Boland S, Chaltin P, Brandao-Neto J, von Delft F, Touw WG, Joosten RP, Liekens S, Tytgat J, Ulens C. An allosteric binding site of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor revealed in a humanized acetylcholine-binding protein. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:2534-2545. [PMID: 29237730 PMCID: PMC5818190 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.815316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) belong to the family of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels and mediate fast excitatory transmission in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Among the different existing receptor subtypes, the homomeric α7 nAChR has attracted considerable attention because of its possible implication in several neurological and psychiatric disorders, including cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer's disease or schizophrenia. Allosteric modulators of ligand-gated ion channels are of particular interest as therapeutic agents, as they modulate receptor activity without affecting normal fluctuations of synaptic neurotransmitter release. Here, we used X-ray crystallography and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy of α7-acetylcholine-binding protein (AChBP), a humanized chimera of a snail AChBP, which has 71% sequence similarity with the extracellular ligand-binding domain of the human α7 nAChR, to investigate the structural determinants of allosteric modulation. We extended previous observations that an allosteric site located in the vestibule of the receptor offers an attractive target for receptor modulation. We introduced seven additional humanizing mutations in the vestibule-located binding site of AChBP to improve its suitability as a model for studying allosteric binding. Using a fragment-based screening approach, we uncovered an allosteric binding site located near the β8-β9 loop, which critically contributes to coupling ligand binding to channel opening in human α7 nAChR. This work expands our understanding of the topology of allosteric binding sites in AChBP and, by extrapolation, in the human α7 nAChR as determined by electrophysiology measurements. Our insights pave the way for drug design strategies targeting nAChRs involved in ion channel-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Delbart
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Structural Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marijke Brams
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Structural Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fabian Gruss
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Structural Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sam Noppen
- the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steve Peigneur
- the Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandro Boland
- the Center for Innovation and Stimulation of Drug Discovery Leuven, Cistim Leuven vzw, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Patrick Chaltin
- the Center for Innovation and Stimulation of Drug Discovery Leuven, Cistim Leuven vzw, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium.,the Center for Innovation and Stimulation of Drug Discovery Leuven and Center for Drug Design and Discovery, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jose Brandao-Neto
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom, and
| | - Frank von Delft
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom, and
| | - Wouter G Touw
- the Division of Biochemistry, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robbie P Joosten
- the Division of Biochemistry, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Liekens
- the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Tytgat
- the Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chris Ulens
- From the Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Structural Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium,
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30
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Abstract
The regioselective synthesis of estrogens and their derivatives continues to be of interest. Most reported syntheses require multistep protocols associated with poor overall yield and lack of regioselectivity. New preparative protocols are still desired. Herein, 11 2-alkylated 17β-estradiol analogs were synthesized in a highly regioselective manner. The products were obtained using a convenient, one pot and high-yielding protocol. The anti-proliferative activity of the compounds was tested in human T-cell leukemia (CEM), human cervix carcinoma (HeLa) and human dermal microvascular endothelial (HMEC-1) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen Van Gansbeke
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway; On Leave from the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences of the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | | | - Sandra Liekens
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Postbus 1043, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anders Vik
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Trond Vidar Hansen
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1068 Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
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31
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Jana S, Iram S, Thomas J, Liekens S, Dehaen W. Synthesis and anticancer activity of novel aza-artemisinin derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:3671-3676. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Abstract
Since Judah Folkman hypothesized in 1971 that angiogenesis is required for solid tumor growth, numerous studies have been conducted to unravel the angiogenesis process, analyze its role in primary tumor growth, metastasis and angiogenic diseases, and to develop inhibitors of proangiogenic factors. These studies have led in 2004 to the approval of the first antiangiogenic agent (bevacizumab, a humanized antibody targeting vascular endothelial growth factor) for the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. This approval launched great expectations for the use of antiangiogenic therapy for malignant diseases. However, these expectations have not been met and, as knowledge of blood vessel formation accumulates, many of the original paradigms no longer hold. Therefore, the regulators and clinical implications of angiogenesis need to be revisited. In this review, we discuss recently identified angiogenesis mediators and pathways, new concepts that have emerged over the past 10 years, tumor resistance and toxicity associated with the use of currently available antiangiogenic treatment and potentially new targets and/or approaches for malignant and nonmalignant neovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ronca
- Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mohammed Benkheil
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefania Mitola
- Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sofie Struyf
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
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33
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Djuidje EN, Dissette V, Bino A, Benetti S, Balzarini J, Liekens S, Manfredini S, Vertuani S, Baldisserotto A. A Multitarget Approach toward the Development of 8-Substituted Purines for Photoprotection and Prevention of UV-Related Damage. ChemMedChem 2017; 12:760-769. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ernestine N. Djuidje
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies; University of Ferrara; via L. Borsari 46 44121 Ferrara Italy
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Ferrara; via F. di Mortara 17-19 44121 Ferrara Italy
| | - Valeria Dissette
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies; University of Ferrara; via L. Borsari 46 44121 Ferrara Italy
| | - Alessia Bino
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies; University of Ferrara; via L. Borsari 46 44121 Ferrara Italy
| | - Simonetta Benetti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences; University of Ferrara; via F. di Mortara 17-19 44121 Ferrara Italy
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Leuven 3000 Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Leuven 3000 Belgium
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies; University of Ferrara; via L. Borsari 46 44121 Ferrara Italy
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies; University of Ferrara; via L. Borsari 46 44121 Ferrara Italy
| | - Anna Baldisserotto
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Master Course in Cosmetic Science and Technologies; University of Ferrara; via L. Borsari 46 44121 Ferrara Italy
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34
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Janssens R, Mortier A, Boff D, Ruytinx P, Gouwy M, Vantilt B, Larsen O, Daugvilaite V, Rosenkilde MM, Parmentier M, Noppen S, Liekens S, Van Damme J, Struyf S, Teixeira MM, Amaral FA, Proost P. Truncation of CXCL12 by CD26 reduces its CXC chemokine receptor 4- and atypical chemokine receptor 3-dependent activity on endothelial cells and lymphocytes. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 132:92-101. [PMID: 28322746 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The chemokine CXCL12 or stromal cell-derived factor 1/SDF-1 attracts hematopoietic progenitor cells and mature leukocytes through the G protein-coupled CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). In addition, it interacts with atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3 or CXCR7) and glycosaminoglycans. CXCL12 activity is regulated through posttranslational cleavage by CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase 4 that removes two NH2-terminal amino acids. CD26-truncated CXCL12 does not induce calcium signaling or chemotaxis of mononuclear cells. CXCL12(3-68) was chemically synthesized de novo for detailed biological characterization. Compared to unmodified CXCL12, CXCL12(3-68) was no longer able to signal through CXCR4 via inositol trisphosphate (IP3), Akt or extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2). Interestingly, the recruitment of β-arrestin 2 to the cell membrane via CXCR4 by CXCL12(3-68) was abolished, whereas a weakened but significant β-arrestin recruitment remained via ACKR3. CXCL12-induced endothelial cell migration and signal transduction was completely abrogated by CD26. Intact CXCL12 hardly induced lymphocyte migration upon intra-articular injection in mice. In contrast, oral treatment of mice with the CD26 inhibitor sitagliptin reduced CD26 activity and CXCL12 cleavage in blood plasma. The potential of CXCL12 to induce intra-articular lymphocyte infiltration was significantly increased in sitagliptin-treated mice and CXCL12(3-68) failed to induce migration under both CD26-inhibiting and non-inhibiting conditions. In conclusion, CD26-cleavage skews CXCL12 towards β-arrestin dependent recruitment through ACKR3 and destroys the CXCR4-mediated lymphocyte chemoattractant properties of CXCL12 in vivo. Hence, pharmacological CD26-blockade in tissues may enhance CXCL12-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik Janssens
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Anneleen Mortier
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daiane Boff
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Pieter Ruytinx
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mieke Gouwy
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bo Vantilt
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olav Larsen
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Viktorija Daugvilaite
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette M Rosenkilde
- Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marc Parmentier
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sam Noppen
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jo Van Damme
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofie Struyf
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Flávio A Amaral
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paul Proost
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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35
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Wen Z, Suzol SH, Peng J, Liang Y, Snoeck R, Andrei G, Liekens S, Wnuk SF. Antiviral and Cytostatic Evaluation of 5-(1-Halo-2-sulfonylvinyl)- and 5-(2-Furyl)uracil Nucleosides. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2017; 350. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201700023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Wen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Florida International University; Miami FL USA
| | - Sazzad H. Suzol
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Florida International University; Miami FL USA
| | - Jufang Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Florida International University; Miami FL USA
| | - Yong Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Florida International University; Miami FL USA
| | - Robert Snoeck
- Rega Institute for Medical Research; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Graciela Andrei
- Rega Institute for Medical Research; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research; KU Leuven; Leuven Belgium
| | - Stanislaw F. Wnuk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Florida International University; Miami FL USA
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36
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Thomas J, Jana S, Sonawane M, Fiey B, Balzarini J, Liekens S, Dehaen W. A new four-component reaction involving the Michael addition and the Gewald reaction, leading to diverse biologically active 2-aminothiophenes. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:3892-3900. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00707h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A Gewald-four component reaction has been successfully developed for the synthesis of a series of compounds containing an indole and a 2-aminothiophene moiety separated by a methylene spacer having anti-proliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joice Thomas
- Molecular Design and Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- KU Leuven
- 3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Sampad Jana
- Molecular Design and Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- KU Leuven
- 3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Mahendra Sonawane
- Molecular Design and Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- KU Leuven
- 3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Bert Fiey
- Molecular Design and Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- KU Leuven
- 3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology
- Rega Institute for Medical Research
- Herestraat 49
- KU Leuven
- B-3000 Leuven
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology
- Rega Institute for Medical Research
- Herestraat 49
- KU Leuven
- B-3000 Leuven
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Molecular Design and Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- KU Leuven
- 3001 Leuven
- Belgium
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37
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Malik S, Petrova MI, Imholz NCE, Verhoeven TLA, Noppen S, Van Damme EJM, Liekens S, Balzarini J, Schols D, Vanderleyden J, Lebeer S. High mannose-specific lectin Msl mediates key interactions of the vaginal Lactobacillus plantarum isolate CMPG5300. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37339. [PMID: 27853317 PMCID: PMC5112522 DOI: 10.1038/srep37339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To characterize the interaction potential of the human vaginal isolate Lactobacillus plantarum CMPG5300, its genome was mined for genes encoding lectin-like proteins. cmpg5300.05_29 was identified as the gene encoding a putative mannose-binding lectin. Phenotypic analysis of a gene knock-out mutant of cmpg5300.05_29 showed that expression of this gene is important for auto-aggregation, adhesion to the vaginal epithelial cells, biofilm formation and binding to mannosylated glycans. Purification of the predicted lectin domain of Cmpg5300.05_29 and characterization of its sugar binding capacity confirmed the specificity of the lectin for high- mannose glycans. Therefore, we renamed Cmpg5300.05_29 as a mannose-specific lectin (Msl). The purified lectin domain of Msl could efficiently bind to HIV-1 glycoprotein gp120 and Candida albicans, and showed an inhibitory activity against biofilm formation of uropathogenic Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella Typhimurium. Thus, using a combination of molecular lectin characterization and functional assays, we could show that lectin-sugar interactions play a key role in host and pathogen interactions of a prototype isolate of the vaginal Lactobacillus microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Malik
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mariya I Petrova
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nicole C E Imholz
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Sam Noppen
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Els J M Van Damme
- Ghent University, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Balzarini
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique Schols
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jos Vanderleyden
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- KU Leuven, Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
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38
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Castillo-Acosta VM, Ruiz-Pérez LM, Etxebarria J, Reichardt NC, Navarro M, Igarashi Y, Liekens S, Balzarini J, González-Pacanowska D. Carbohydrate-Binding Non-Peptidic Pradimicins for the Treatment of Acute Sleeping Sickness in Murine Models. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005851. [PMID: 27662652 PMCID: PMC5035034 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatments available for African sleeping sickness or human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) are limited, with poor efficacy and unacceptable safety profiles. Here, we report a new approach to address treatment of this disease based on the use of compounds that bind to parasite surface glycans leading to rapid killing of trypanosomes. Pradimicin and its derivatives are non-peptidic carbohydrate-binding agents that adhere to the carbohydrate moiety of the parasite surface glycoproteins inducing parasite lysis in vitro. Notably, pradimicin S has good pharmaceutical properties and enables cure of an acute form of the disease in mice. By inducing resistance in vitro we have established that the composition of the sugars attached to the variant surface glycoproteins are critical to the mode of action of pradimicins and play an important role in infectivity. The compounds identified represent a novel approach to develop drugs to treat HAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor M. Castillo-Acosta
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López-Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Luis M. Ruiz-Pérez
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López-Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Juan Etxebarria
- Glycotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Gipuzkoa, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Niels C. Reichardt
- Glycotechnology Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Gipuzkoa, San Sebastián, Spain
- CIBER of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Miguel Navarro
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López-Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Armilla (Granada), Spain
| | - Yasuhiro Igarashi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama, Japan
| | - Sandra Liekens
- KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Balzarini
- KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dolores González-Pacanowska
- Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina “López-Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Armilla (Granada), Spain
- * E-mail:
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39
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Oosterik LH, Tuntufye HN, Tsonos J, Luyten T, Noppen S, Liekens S, Lavigne R, Butaye P, Goddeeris BM. Bioluminescent avian pathogenic Escherichia coli for monitoring colibacillosis in experimentally infected chickens. Vet J 2016; 216:87-92. [PMID: 27687932 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) are responsible for significant economic losses in the poultry industry. In this study, a model for investigating the pathogenesis of APEC infections was established. APEC strain CH2 (O78) was marked with the luciferase operon (luxCDABE) using a Tn7 transposon and tissues of experimentally infected chickens were analysed for a correlation between the bioluminescent signal and the number of bacteria. Transposition of the lux operon into the chromosome of the APEC isolate did not affect sensitivity to lytic bacteriophages and there was no effect on virulence in an intratracheal infection model in 1-day-old chicks, although results with a subcutaneous infection model were inconclusive. A correlation between the number of bacteria and the luminescent signal was found in liquid medium, as well as in homogenised heart, liver, spleen and lung of 4-week-old experimentally infected chickens. This study showed that lux could be used for identification of the infecting strain after experimental infection with APEC in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon H Oosterik
- Department of Biosystems, Division of Gene Technology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Department of General Bacteriology, Centrum voor Onderzoek in Diergeneeskunde en Agrochemie-Centre d'Etude et de Recherches Vétérinaires et Agrochimiques (CODA-CERVA), Groeselenberg 99, Brussels 1180, Belgium.
| | - Huruma N Tuntufye
- Department of Biosystems, Division of Gene Technology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Jessica Tsonos
- Department of Biosystems, Division of Gene Technology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, Leuven 3000, Belgium; Structural and Molecular Microbiology, Structural Biology Research Center, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels 1050, Belgium; Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Tom Luyten
- Department of Biosystems, Division of Gene Technology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Sam Noppen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Rob Lavigne
- Department of Biosystems, Division of Gene Technology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Patrick Butaye
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium
| | - Bruno M Goddeeris
- Department of Biosystems, Division of Gene Technology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 30, Leuven 3000, Belgium
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Thomas J, Jana S, John J, Liekens S, Dehaen W. A general metal-free route towards the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles from readily available primary amines and ketones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:2885-8. [PMID: 26744743 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc08347h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented approach that enables the direct and selective preparation of 1,5-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles from abundantly available building blocks such as primary amines, enolizable ketones and 4-nitrophenyl azide as a renewable source of dinitrogen via an organocascade process has been developed. Furthermore, this efficient methodology also enables the synthesis of fully functionalized and fused N-substituted heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joice Thomas
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sampad Jana
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jubi John
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Molecular Design and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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Pérez-Pérez MJ, Priego EM, Bueno O, Martins MS, Canela MD, Liekens S. Blocking Blood Flow to Solid Tumors by Destabilizing Tubulin: An Approach to Targeting Tumor Growth. J Med Chem 2016; 59:8685-8711. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva-María Priego
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Oskía Bueno
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - María-Dolores Canela
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, E-28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Rega
Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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Thomas J, Goyvaerts V, Liekens S, Dehaen W. Metal-Free Route for the Synthesis of 4-Acyl-1,2,3-Triazoles from Readily Available Building Blocks. Chemistry 2016; 22:9966-70. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joice Thomas
- Molecular Design and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F; 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Vince Goyvaerts
- Molecular Design and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F; 3001 Leuven Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Rega Institute for Medical Research; KU Leuven; 3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Molecular Design and Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F; 3001 Leuven Belgium
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Liekens S, Zwaenepoel L, Van de Putte M. [Medication counselling and support with individual medication preparation for trail elderly living at home-preliminary results]. J Pharm Belg 2016:10-17. [PMID: 30281226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Medication safety and adherence are important aspects of quality of life, especially for frail elderly in our society. However, many elderly living at home may experience difficulties when taking their medication, and are therefore at risk for medication- related problems. The current living lab was implemented within the framework of the Flanders Care Living Labs and set the objective to develop a care pathway to improve medication safety and adherence for elderly living at home. Automated Individual Medication Preparation [IMP] was provided by a community-pharmacist in order to support frail elderly in taking their medication more correctly and thereby improving adherence. Methods In a before and after study, each patient was supported for 13 weeks through a multidisciplinary care pathway. Key in this pathway was the shared medication schedule (between GP and pharmacist) as the starting point for IMP and medication counselling. The increased medication support based on IMP was evaluated in frail elderly (age a 65 years, complex medication scheme a 5 medicines and a 3 intakes / day) before and after the study, by measuring adherence and satisfaction with counselling and repackaging the medication in sachets. Results The preliminary results of the current study showed that the self-reported adherence rate in frail elderly was significantly higher (p <0.05) after implementation of the pharmacists' intervention with automated IMP. At the end of the study every patient indicated that the repackaging of the medication by dose was helpful in order to take their medication correctly. Conclusion Increased medication counselling with IMP by the community-pharmacist may be a useful aid and supporting tool for frail elderly living at home with a complex medication scheme.
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Oliviero G, Stornaiuolo M, D'Atri V, Nici F, Yousif AM, D'Errico S, Piccialli G, Mayol L, Novellino E, Marinelli L, Grieco P, Carotenuto A, Noppen S, Liekens S, Balzarini J, Borbone N. Screening Platform toward New Anti-HIV Aptamers Set on Molecular Docking and Fluorescence Quenching Techniques. Anal Chem 2016; 88:2327-34. [PMID: 26810800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
By using a new rapid screening platform set on molecular docking simulations and fluorescence quenching techniques, three new anti-HIV aptamers targeting the viral surface glycoprotein 120 (gp120) were selected, synthesized, and assayed. The use of the short synthetic fluorescent peptide V35-Fluo mimicking the V3 loop of gp120, as the molecular target for fluorescence-quenching binding affinity studies, allowed one to measure the binding affinities of the new aptamers for the HIV-1 gp120 without the need to obtain and purify the full recombinant gp120 protein. The almost perfect correspondence between the calculated Kd and the experimental EC50 on HIV-infected cells confirmed the reliability of the platform as an alternative to the existing methods for aptamer selection and measuring of aptamer-protein equilibria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Oliviero
- University of Naples Federico II , Department of Pharmacy, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- University of Naples Federico II , Department of Pharmacy, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - Valentina D'Atri
- University of Bordeaux , IECB, ARNA laboratory, Pessac, 33600, France.,INSERM , U869, ARNA laboratory, Bordeaux, 33000, France
| | - Fabrizia Nici
- University of Naples Federico II , Department of Pharmacy, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - Ali Munaim Yousif
- University of Naples Federico II , Department of Pharmacy, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - Stefano D'Errico
- University of Naples Federico II , Department of Pharmacy, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - Gennaro Piccialli
- University of Naples Federico II , Department of Pharmacy, Napoli, 80131, Italy.,CNR , Institute of Protein Biochemistry, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - Luciano Mayol
- University of Naples Federico II , Department of Pharmacy, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- University of Naples Federico II , Department of Pharmacy, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - Luciana Marinelli
- University of Naples Federico II , Department of Pharmacy, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - Paolo Grieco
- University of Naples Federico II , Department of Pharmacy, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - Alfonso Carotenuto
- University of Naples Federico II , Department of Pharmacy, Napoli, 80131, Italy
| | - Sam Noppen
- KU Leuven , Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- KU Leuven , Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Jan Balzarini
- KU Leuven , Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Nicola Borbone
- University of Naples Federico II , Department of Pharmacy, Napoli, 80131, Italy
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Reiser K, Mathys L, Curbo S, Pannecouque C, Noppen S, Liekens S, Engman L, Lundberg M, Balzarini J, Karlsson A. The Cellular Thioredoxin-1/Thioredoxin Reductase-1 Driven Oxidoreduction Represents a Chemotherapeutic Target for HIV-1 Entry Inhibition. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147773. [PMID: 26816344 PMCID: PMC4729491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The entry of HIV into its host cell is an interesting target for chemotherapeutic intervention in the life-cycle of the virus. During entry, reduction of disulfide bridges in the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 by cellular oxidoreductases is crucial. The cellular thioredoxin reductase-1 plays an important role in this oxidoreduction process by recycling electrons to thioredoxin-1. Therefore, thioredoxin reductase-1 inhibitors may inhibit gp120 reduction during HIV-1 entry. In this present study, tellurium-based thioredoxin reductase-1 inhibitors were investigated as potential inhibitors of HIV entry. Results The organotellurium compounds inhibited HIV-1 and HIV-2 replication in cell culture at low micromolar concentrations by targeting an early event in the viral infection cycle. Time-of-drug-addition studies pointed to virus entry as the drug target, more specifically: the organotellurium compound TE-2 showed a profile similar or close to that of the fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide (T-20). Surface plasmon resonance-based interaction studies revealed that the compounds do not directly interact with the HIV envelope glycoproteins gp120 and gp41, nor with soluble CD4, but instead, dose-dependently bind to thioredoxin reductase-1. By inhibiting the thioredoxin-1/thioredoxin reductase-1-directed oxidoreduction of gp120, the organotellurium compounds prevent conformational changes in the viral glycoprotein which are necessary during viral entry. Conclusion Our findings revealed that thioredoxin-1/thioredoxin reductase-1 acts as a cellular target for the inhibition of HIV entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Reiser
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, F68, Huddinge, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Leen Mathys
- KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroederstraat 10, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sophie Curbo
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, F68, Huddinge, Sweden
| | | | - Sam Noppen
- KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroederstraat 10, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroederstraat 10, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lars Engman
- Uppsala University, Department of Chemistry–BMC, BOX 576, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathias Lundberg
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, F68, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jan Balzarini
- KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroederstraat 10, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anna Karlsson
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology, F68, Huddinge, Sweden
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Abstract
NH-1,2,3-Triazole moieties are a part of the design of various biologically active compounds, pharmaceutical agents and functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joice Thomas
- Molecular Design and Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- 3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Sampad Jana
- Molecular Design and Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- 3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | | | - Wim Dehaen
- Molecular Design and Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- 3001 Leuven
- Belgium
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47
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Canela MD, Bueno O, Noppen S, Sáez Calvo G, Estévez Gallego J, Díaz JF, Camarasa MJ, Liekens S, Pérez-Pérez MJ, Priego EM. Targeting the colchicine site in tubulin through cyclohexanedione derivatives. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra26807a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclohexanedione derivatives, a new family of colchicine-site binders, have been further explored with the aid of docking studies, resulting in compounds with improved solubility and Ka value for tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oskía Bueno
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC)
- E-28006 Madrid
- Spain
| | - Sam Noppen
- KU Leuven – University of Leuven
- Rega Institute for Medical Research
- B-3000 Leuven
- Belgium
| | | | | | - J. F. Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC)
- E-28040 Madrid
- Spain
| | | | - Sandra Liekens
- KU Leuven – University of Leuven
- Rega Institute for Medical Research
- B-3000 Leuven
- Belgium
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Vanheule V, Vervaeke P, Mortier A, Noppen S, Gouwy M, Snoeck R, Andrei G, Van Damme J, Liekens S, Proost P. Basic chemokine-derived glycosaminoglycan binding peptides exert antiviral properties against dengue virus serotype 2, herpes simplex virus-1 and respiratory syncytial virus. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 100:73-85. [PMID: 26551597 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines attract leukocytes to sites of infection in a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) dependent manner. Therefore, chemokines are crucial molecules for proper functioning of our antimicrobial defense mechanisms. In addition, some chemokines have GPCR-independent defensin-like antimicrobial activities against bacteria and fungi. Recently, high affinity for GAGs has been reported for the positively charged COOH-terminal region of the chemokine CXCL9. In addition to CXCL9, also CXCL12γ has such a positively charged COOH-terminal region with about 50% positively charged amino acids. In this report, we compared the affinity of COOH-terminal peptides of CXCL9 and CXCL12γ for GAGs and KD values in the low nM range were detected. Several enveloped viruses such as herpesviruses, hepatitis viruses, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), dengue virus (DENV), etc. are known to bind to GAGs such as the negatively charged heparan sulfate (HS). In this way GAGs are important for the initial contacts between viruses and host cells and for the infection of the cell. Thus, inhibiting the virus-cell interactions, by blocking GAG-binding sites on the host cell, might be a way to target multiple virus families and resistant strains. This article reports that the COOH-terminal peptides of CXCL9 and CXCL12γ have antiviral activity against DENV serotype 2, clinical and laboratory strains of herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Moreover, we show that CXCL9(74-103) competes with DENV envelope protein domain III for binding to heparin. These short chemokine-derived peptides may be lead molecules for the development of novel antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Vanheule
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Peter Vervaeke
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Anneleen Mortier
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sam Noppen
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Mieke Gouwy
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Robert Snoeck
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Graciela Andrei
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jo Van Damme
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sandra Liekens
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Paul Proost
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Rivero-Buceta E, Carrero P, Casanova E, Doyagüez EG, Madrona A, Quesada E, Peréz-Pérez MJ, Mateos R, Bravo L, Mathys L, Noppen S, Kiselev E, Marchand C, Pommier Y, Liekens S, Balzarini J, Camarasa MJ, San-Félix A. Anti-HIV-1 activity of a tripodal receptor that recognizes mannose oligomers. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 106:132-43. [PMID: 26540494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The glycoprotein gp120 of the HIV-1 viral envelope has a high content in mannose residues, particularly α-1,2-mannose oligomers. Compounds that interact with these high-mannose type glycans may disturb the interaction between gp120 and its (co)receptors and are considered potential anti-HIV agents. Previously, we demonstrated that a tripodal receptor (1), with a central scaffold of 1,3,5-triethylbenzene substituted with three 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoyl groups, selectively recognizes α-1,2-mannose polysaccharides. Here we present additional studies to determine the anti-HIV-1 activity and the mechanism of antiviral activity of this compound. Our studies indicate that 1 shows anti-HIV-1 activity in the low micromolar range and has pronounced gp120 binding and HIV-1 integrase inhibitory capacity. However, gp120 binding rather than integrase inhibition seems to be the primary mechanism of antiviral activity of 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Rivero-Buceta
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Carrero
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; ABG Patentes, Avenida de Burgos 16D, 28036 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Casanova
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Euroquímica S.A., Crta. Yeles, Km 2, Illescas, Toledo, Spain
| | - Elisa G Doyagüez
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; Centro de Química Orgánica "Lora-Tamayo" (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Madrona
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernesto Quesada
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Raquel Mateos
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Bravo
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leen Mathys
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sam Noppen
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evgeny Kiselev
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Christophe Marchand
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Balzarini
- Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - María José Camarasa
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana San-Félix
- Instituto de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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John J, Kim Y, Bennett N, Das K, Liekens S, Naesens L, Arnold E, Maguire AR, Götte M, Dehaen W, Balzarini J. Pronounced Inhibition Shift from HIV Reverse Transcriptase to Herpetic DNA Polymerases by Increasing the Flexibility of α-Carboxy Nucleoside Phosphonates. J Med Chem 2015; 58:8110-27. [PMID: 26450273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-carboxynucleoside phosphonates (α-CNPs) are novel viral DNA polymerase inhibitors that do not need metabolic conversion for enzyme inhibition. The prototype contains a cyclopentyl linker between nucleobase and α-carboxyphosphonate and preferentially (50- to 100-fold) inhibits HIV-1 RT compared with herpetic DNA polymerases. A synthesis methodology involving three steps has been developed for the synthesis of a series of novel α-CNPs, including a Rh(II)-catalyzed O-H insertion that connects the carboxyphosphonate group to a linker moiety and an attachment of a nucleobase to the other end of the linker by a Mitsunobu reaction followed by final deprotection. Replacing the cyclopentyl moiety in the prototype α-CNPs by a more flexible entity results in a selectivity shift of ∼ 100-fold in favor of the herpetic DNA polymerases when compared to selectivity for HIV-1 RT. The nature of the kinetic interaction of the acyclic α-CNPs against the herpetic DNA polymerases differs from the nature of the nucleobase-specific kinetic interaction of the cyclopentyl α-CNPs against HIV RT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicholas Bennett
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta , 6-020 Katz Group Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Kalyan Das
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University , Piscataway, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | | | | | - Eddy Arnold
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine and Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University , Piscataway, New Jersey 08901, United States
| | - Anita R Maguire
- Department of Chemistry and School of Pharmacy, Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork , Cork, Ireland
| | - Matthias Götte
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta , 6-020 Katz Group Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
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