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Brozić D, Starčević K, Vranić M, Bošnjak K, Maurić Maljković M, Mašek T. Effect of Dietary Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Fatty Acid Supplementation during the Last Month of Gestation on Fatty Acid Metabolism and Oxidative Status in Charolais Cows and Calves. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1273. [PMID: 38731277 DOI: 10.3390/ani14091273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are of utmost importance in the peripartal period for the development of the central nervous and immune systems of the newborn. The transport of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) through the placenta is considered to be minimal in ruminants. Nevertheless, the cow's FAs are the main source of FAs for the calf during gestation. This research aimed to investigate the influence of low-dose eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation during late gestation on the FA metabolism of cows and their calves. A total of 20 Charolais cows during the last month of their gestation were included in the feeding trial and were divided into a control group (CON) and an experimental group (EPA + DHA). The latter received a supplement in the amount of 100 g/day (9.1 and 7.8 g/cow/day of EPA and DHA, respectively). Supplementation of low-dose EPA and DHA alters colostrum and milk fatty acid composition through the elevation of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) without affecting milk fat and protein concentrations and oxidative status. Plasma composition in cows was significantly altered, while the same effect was not detected in calf plasma. No significant change in mRNA expression was detected for the genes fatty acid synthase (FASN) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (ACACA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Brozić
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Starčević
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Vranić
- Department of Field Crops, Forage and Grassland Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Krešimir Bošnjak
- Department of Field Crops, Forage and Grassland Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Maurić Maljković
- Department of Animal Breeding and Livestock Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Ivanković Tatalović L, Mašek T, Šerić Jelaska L. Dietary, locomotory, and metabolic reactions of Abax parallelus (Coleoptera, Carabidae) to acute thiamethoxam intoxication. Ecotoxicology 2023; 32:290-299. [PMID: 36905482 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02638-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Carabids (Coleoptera: Carabidae) are abundant predators in ecosystems and serve as pest biocontrol in agroecosystems and forestry. Here we test the impact of thiamethoxam, among the most used neonicotinoids on the consumption rate, locomotion, metabolomics, and oxidative stress level measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in a predatory carabid, Abax parallelus (Duftschmid, 1812), after acute exposure in the laboratory trials, to get additional data that might link the use of pesticides and predation efficiency. Beetles were exposed to increasing concentrations of thiamethoxam by dipping method, and left to feed overnight prior to the assays. The results showed that individuals treated with higher concentrations of thiamethoxam (20 and 40 mg/L) consumed significantly less food per body weight and had a higher share of intoxicated and moribund individuals. The mass of consumed food per beetle body weight and observed locomotion did not differ significantly between control and groups treated with lower concentrations of thiamethoxam. There are significant differences in concentrations of some metabolites between treated and control individuals, primary in succinate and d-glucose, indicating a disruption in energy production. On the other hand, there is no statistically significant differences in SOD activity among the groups. To conclude, acute exposure to thiamethoxam can result in negative sub-lethal effects in predatory activity and energy budget, while the effects of long-term exposure to lower doses require further research, as well as field assessment on the predation efficiency after pesticide application.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomislav Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucija Šerić Jelaska
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Crisóstomo L, Videira RA, Jarak I, Starčević K, Mašek T, Rato L, Raposo JF, Batterham RL, Oliveira PF, Alves MG. Inherited Metabolic Memory of High-fat Diet Impairs Testicular Fatty Acid Content and Sperm Parameters. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 66:e2100680. [PMID: 34939729 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to a high-fat diet (HFD) from early-life is associated with a testicular metabolic signature linked to abnormal sperm parameters up to two generations after exposure in mice. Hereby, we describe a testicular lipid signature associated with "inherited metabolic memory" of exposure to HFD, persisting up to two generations in mice. Diet-challenged mice (n = 36) were randomly fed after weaning with standard chow (CTRL); HFD for 200 days or transient HFD (HFDt ) (60 days of HFD+140 days of standard chow). Subsequent generations (36 mice per generation) were fed with chow diet. Mice were euthanized 200 days post-weaning. Glucose homeostasis, serum hormones, testicular bioenergetics and antioxidant enzyme activity were evaluated. Testicular lipid-related metabolites and fatty acids were characterized by 1 H-NMR and GC-MS. Sons of HFD display impaired choline metabolism, mitochondrial activity and antioxidant defenses, while grandsons show a shift in testicular ω3/ω6 ratio towards a pro-inflammatory environment. Grandsons of HFDt raise 3-hydroxybutyrate levels with possible implications to testicular insulin resistance. Sperm counts decrease in grandsons of HFD-exposed mice, regardless of the duration of exposure. HFD-induced "inherited metabolic memory" alters testicular fatty acid metabolism with consequences to sperm parameters up to two generations. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Crisóstomo
- Department of Anatomy, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal.,Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Romeu A Videira
- REQUINTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ivana Jarak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Kristina Starčević
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Luís Rato
- Health School of the Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, Guarda, Portugal
| | - João F Raposo
- NOVA Medical School - New University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,APDP - Diabetes Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rachel L Batterham
- UCL Centre for Obesity Research, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK.,National Institute of Health Research, UCLH Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- QOPNA & LAQV, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Anatomy, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal.,Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Portugal
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Roškarić P, Šperanda M, Mašek T, Verbanac D, Starčević K. Low Dietary n6/n3 Ratio Attenuates Changes in the NRF 2 Gene Expression, Lipid Peroxidation, and Inflammatory Markers Induced by Fructose Overconsumption in the Rat Abdominal Adipose Tissue. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:2005. [PMID: 34943108 PMCID: PMC8698844 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10122005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the benefits of different n6/n3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios on the lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress in the adipose tissue of rats fed a high-fructose diet. Male and female rats were divided into four groups: a control group (CON) (n6/n3 ratio ~7), a high-fructose group (HF) (n6/n3 ratio ~7), an N6-HF group (n6/n3 ratio ~50), and the DHA-HF group (n6/n3 ratio ~1, with the addition of docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acid). The CON group received plain water and the HF group received 15% fructose in their drinking water. Fructose induced an increase in the content of serum triglycerides, serum cholesterol, and HOMA-IR index. Among the fatty acids, elevated proportions of C18:1n9 and C16:1n7, as well as an increase in total monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), were found in the adipose tissue of the HF group. Fructose treatment also changed oxidative parameters, including a marked increase in the serum malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Meanwhile, DHA supplementation caused a significant decrease in the serum MDA concentration in comparison with the HF group. In addition, DHA/EPA supplementation attenuated oxidative stress by increasing NRF 2 gene expression. Fructose treatment also significantly decreased the adiponectin level, while DHA supplementation ameliorated it. The changes observed in this trial, including the decrease in the content of DHA and EPA, the decreased EPA/ARA ratio, and the increase in the expression of inflammatory genes, are characteristics of the low-grade inflammation caused by fructose treatment. These changes in the rat adipose tissue could be prevented by dietary intervention consisting of DHA supplementation and a low n6/n3 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Roškarić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Marcela Šperanda
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Tomislav Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Donatella Verbanac
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Kristina Starčević
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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Šuran J, Cepanec I, Mašek T, Starčević K, Tlak Gajger I, Vranješ M, Radić B, Radić S, Kosalec I, Vlainić J. Nonaqueous Polyethylene Glycol as a Safer Alternative to Ethanolic Propolis Extracts with Comparable Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:978. [PMID: 34207316 PMCID: PMC8235377 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We compared the chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of two propolis extracts: one obtained with nonaqueous polyethylene glycol, PEG 400 (PgEP), and the other obtained with ethanol (EEP). We analyzed the total phenolic content (TPC) and the concentrations of ten markers of propolis antioxidant activity with HPLC-UV: caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, trans-ferulic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, kaempferol, apigenin, pinocembrin, chrysin, CAPE, and galangin. Antioxidant activity was tested using DPPH and FRAP assay, and antimicrobial activity was assessed through minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) determination. Maceration gave the yield of propolis of 25.2 ± 0.08% in EEP, and 21.5 ± 0.24% in PgEP. All ten markers of antioxidant activity were found in both extracts, with all marker concentrations, except kaempferol, higher in EEP. There was no significant difference between the TPC and antioxidant activity of the PgEP and the EEP extract; TPC of PgEP was 16.78 ± 0.23 mg/mL, while EEP had TPC of 15.92 ± 0.78 mg/mL. Both extracts had antimicrobial activity against most investigated pathogens and Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Escherichia coli biofilms. EEP was more effective against all tested susceptible pathogens, except E. coli, possibly due to higher content of kaempferol in PgEP relative to other polyphenols. Nonaqueous PEG 400 could be used for propolis extraction. It gives extracts with comparable concentrations of antioxidants and has a good antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. It is a safe excipient, convenient for pediatric and veterinary formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Šuran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivica Cepanec
- Amelia Ltd., Zagorska 28, Bunjani, 10314 Kriz, Croatia;
| | - Tomislav Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Kristina Starčević
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ivana Tlak Gajger
- Department for Biology and Pathology of Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Mihaela Vranješ
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Božo Radić
- Hedera Ltd., 4. Gardijske Brigade 35, 21311 Split, Croatia; (B.R.); (S.R.)
| | - Saša Radić
- Hedera Ltd., 4. Gardijske Brigade 35, 21311 Split, Croatia; (B.R.); (S.R.)
| | - Ivan Kosalec
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovacica 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Josipa Vlainić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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Perin N, Cindrić M, Vervaeke P, Liekens S, Mašek T, Starčević K, Hranjec M. Benzazole Substituted Iminocoumarins as Potential Antioxidants with Antiproliferative Activity. Med Chem 2021; 17:13-20. [PMID: 31849290 DOI: 10.2174/1573406416666191218101427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzazole and coumarin derivatives are one of the most privileged heterocyclic substructures in the medicinal chemistry with well-known biological features, which include a wide range of versatile biological activities as well as excellent spectroscopic characteristics thus offering their potential application in many research fields. OBJECTIVE The prepared iminocoumarins were synthesized to evaluate their antioxidative potential by using ABTS and FRAP assays and in vitro antiproliferative activity. METHODS A series of coumarin derivatives containing a 2-benzazole motif were synthesized and evaluated for their antioxidative capacity and antiproliferative activity. Their molecular structure incorporates a push-pull functionality: an electron donor donating group at the 7-position with an electron-withdrawing group, such as benzimidazole, benzothiazole and imidazopyridine fragment at the 3-position. RESULTS The iminocoumarins bearing different substituents on 7-position were evaluated for their antiproliferative activity on tree cancer cells with only 4 compounds showing the antiproliferative activity. The most active derivative was N,N-diethylamino substituted benzimidazole derivative 4d and imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine analogue 6b, both also displayed selective activity toward CEM with submicromolar inhibitory concentration (0.059 μM; 0.17 ± 0.09, respectively). The inhibitory effect of 4d and 6b derivatives on the cell-cycle progression of HeLa cells was studied. A flow cytometric analysis of the HeLa cells indicated an appreciable cell-cycle arrest in a dose-dependent manner. Antioxidant properties were studied by ABTS and FRAP assays and obtained results revealed that the most promising antioxidant has proven to be compound 3b while other compounds, in general, showed moderate to very low antioxidative capacity in both assays. CONCLUSION Unsubstituted benzimidazole derivatives bearing hydroxyl group on iminocoumarin nuclei exhibited the most prominent antioxidant potential in ABTS assay (3b; 40.5 ± 0.01). The most significant and selective antiproliferative activity was displayed by compounds 4d and 6b (0.059 μM; 0.17 ± 0.09, respectively), which were chosen as lead compounds for further optimization and rational design to obtain more active and selective antiproliferative agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša Perin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Cindrić
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Peter Vervaeke
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- KU Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tomislav Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Starčević
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marijana Hranjec
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Šuran J, Cepanec I, Mašek T, Radić B, Radić S, Tlak Gajger I, Vlainić J. Propolis Extract and Its Bioactive Compounds-From Traditional to Modern Extraction Technologies. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26102930. [PMID: 34069165 PMCID: PMC8156449 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis is a honeybee product known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial effects. It is rich in bioactive molecules whose content varies depending on the botanical and geographical origin of propolis. These bioactive molecules have been studied individually and as a part of propolis extracts, as they can be used as representative markers for propolis standardization. Here, we compare the pharmacological effects of representative polyphenols and whole propolis extracts. Based on the literature data, polyphenols and extracts act by suppressing similar targets, from pro-inflammatory TNF/NF-κB to the pro-proliferative MAPK/ERK pathway. In addition, they activate similar antioxidant mechanisms of action, like Nrf2-ARE intracellular antioxidant pathway, and they all have antimicrobial activity. These similarities do not imply that we should attribute the action of propolis solely to the most representative compounds. Moreover, its pharmacological effects will depend on the efficacy of these compounds’ extraction. Thus, we also give an overview of different propolis extraction technologies, from traditional to modern ones, which are environmentally friendlier. These technologies belong to an open research area that needs further effective solutions in terms of well-standardized liquid and solid extracts, which would be reliable in their pharmacological effects, environmentally friendly, and sustainable for production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Šuran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ivica Cepanec
- Director of Research & Development and CTO, Amelia Ltd., Zagorska 28, Bunjani, 10314 Kriz, Croatia;
| | - Tomislav Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Božo Radić
- Hedera Ltd., 4. Gardijske Brigade 35, 21311 Split, Croatia; (B.R.); (S.R.)
| | - Saša Radić
- Hedera Ltd., 4. Gardijske Brigade 35, 21311 Split, Croatia; (B.R.); (S.R.)
| | - Ivana Tlak Gajger
- Department for Biology and Pathology of Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Josipa Vlainić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence:
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Crisóstomo L, Videira RA, Jarak I, Starčević K, Mašek T, Rato L, Raposo JF, Batterham RL, Oliveira PF, Alves MG. Diet during early life defines testicular lipid content and sperm quality in adulthood. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E1061-E1073. [PMID: 33044846 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00235.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a serious concern associated with ill health later in life. Emerging data suggest that obesity has long-term adverse effects upon male sexual and reproductive health, but few studies have addressed this issue. We hypothesized that exposure to high-fat diet during early life alters testicular lipid content and metabolism, leading to permanent damage to sperm parameters. After weaning (day 21 after birth), 36 male mice were randomly divided into three groups and fed with a different diet regimen for 200 days: a standard chow diet (CTRL), a high-fat diet (HFD) (carbohydrate: 35.7%, protein: 20.5%, and fat: 36.0%), and a high-fat diet for 60 days, then replaced by standard chow (HFDt). Biometric and metabolic data were monitored. Animals were then euthanized, and tissues were collected. Epididymal sperm parameters and endocrine parameters were evaluated. Testicular metabolites were extracted and characterized by 1H-NMR and GC-MS. Testicular mitochondrial and antioxidant activity were evaluated. Our results show that mice fed with a high-fat diet, even if only until early adulthood, had lower sperm viability and motility, and higher incidence of head and tail defects. Although diet reversion with weight loss during adulthood prevents the progression of metabolic syndrome, testicular content in fatty acids is irreversibly affected. Excessive fat intake promoted an overaccumulation of proinflammatory n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the testis, which is strongly correlated with negative effects upon sperm quality. Therefore, the adoption of high-fat diets during early life correlates with irreversible changes in testicular lipid content and metabolism, which are related to permanent damage to sperm quality later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Crisóstomo
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Romeu A Videira
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ivana Jarak
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Kristina Starčević
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Luís Rato
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - João F Raposo
- NOVA Medical School, New University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Associação Protectora dos Diabéticos de Portugal, Diabetes Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rachel L Batterham
- Centre for Obesity Research, Rayne Institute; Centre for Weight Management and Metabolic Surgery and National Institute of Health Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- Unidade de Investigação em Química Orgânica, Produtos Naturais e Agroalimentares (QOPNA) and Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde | Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV), Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Filipović N, Bočina I, Restović I, Grobe M, Kretzschmar G, Kević N, Mašek T, Vitlov Uljević M, Jurić M, Vukojević K, Saraga-Babić M, Vuica A. Ultrastructural characterization of vitamin D receptors and metabolizing enzymes in the lipid droplets of the fatty liver in rat. Acta Histochem 2020; 122:151502. [PMID: 31932064 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D is a steroid hormone with numerous actions in the organism. There are strong evidences that relate vitamin D deficiency with liver lipid metabolism disturbances, but the mechanism of this action is still unknown. In our previous work we postulated the localization and accumulation of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in membrane of the lipid droplets (LDs) in hepatocytes. In this study, we applied the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to confirm this hypothesis by using a long-term (6 months) high sucrose intake rat model that was previously found to be appropriate for research of the hepatic lipid accumulation. In addition to the VDR, we also found key vitamin D metabolizing enzymes, 1α-hydroxylase and CYP 24 associated with the membrane of the LDs. A light-microscopy data revealed significant increase in expression of VDR and CYP 24 in liver of high-sucrose treated rats, in comparison to controlones. According to the best of our knowledge, this is a first study confirming the presence of the VDR in the membrane of the LDs in general and also in particular in LDs of the hepatocytes that were accumulated as a consequence of the prolonged high sucrose intake. Moreover, we found association of main vitamin D metabolizing enzymes with LD membrane. These results provide a new insight in the possible relation of vitamin D signalling system with LD morphology and function and with the lipid metabolism in general.
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Gregurić Gračner G, Pavičić Ž, Grizelj J, Ivšić Škoda D, Dovč A, Žužul S, Benić M, Mašek T, Starčević K. Corticosterone values and blood biochemistry in a model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes: the influence of dietary n6/n3 ratio. VET ARHIV 2019. [DOI: 10.24099/vet.arhiv.0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Starčević K, Roškarić P, Šperanda M, Đidara M, Kurilj AG, Maurić M, Mašek T. High dietary n6/n3 ratio decreases eicosapentaenoic to arachidonic acid ratios and upregulates NFκB/p50 expression in short-term low-dose streptozotocin and high-fructose rat model of diabetes. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2019; 149:1-7. [PMID: 31421522 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We studied the influence of dietary n6/n3 ratio and docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids supplementation on fatty acid profile, lipid peroxidation and NFκ/p50 expression in diabetes type 2. Treatments consisted of three dietary n6/n3 ratios: 6 (Control), 50 (high n6) and 1 (DHA and EPA supplemented). Half of the rats in each of the dietary treatments were made diabetic using the fructose/low-streptozotocin model. The Control and high n6 diets decreased EPA/ARA (arachidonic acid) ratios in the plasma and in the hepatic tissue suggesting proinflammatory fatty acid profile. The high n6 diet additionally increased the 4-HNE and NFκ/p50 expression in the hepatic tissue. These changes were the consequence of a decrease in the plasma content of DHA and EPA and an increase in the content of arachidonic acid in the liver neutral lipids. The supplementation with the DHA and EPA attenuated the change in EPA/ARA ratios, which imply the importance of the n6/n3 ratio in diabetes type 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Starčević
- Department of Forensic and State Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Roškarić
- Department of Forensic and State Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marcela Šperanda
- Department of Animal Science, University of Osijek, Faculty of Agriculture, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Mislav Đidara
- Department of Animal Science, University of Osijek, Faculty of Agriculture, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Andrea Gudan Kurilj
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Maurić
- Department of Animal Husbandry, University of Zagreb Faculty, of Veterinary Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Peršurić Ž, Saftić L, Mašek T, Kraljević Pavelić S. Comparison of triacylglycerol analysis by MALDI-TOF/MS, fatty acid analysis by GC-MS and non-selective analysis by NIRS in combination with chemometrics for determination of extra virgin olive oil geographical origin. A case study. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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13
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Mašek T, Filipović N, Galan A, Starčević K. Chronic sucrose intake increases expression of SREBP-1c and inflammatory response genes in rat kidneys without significant changes in long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid content. VET ARHIV 2018. [DOI: 10.24099/vet.arhiv.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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14
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Starčević K, Maurić M, Galan A, Gudan Kurilj A, Mašek T. Effects of different n6/n3 ratios and supplementation with DHA and EPA on the testicular histology and lipogenesis in streptozotocin-treated rats. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13067. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Starčević
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Department of Animal Husbandry; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Maja Maurić
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Department of Animal Husbandry; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Asier Galan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; VetMedZg ERA Chair project; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Andrea Gudan Kurilj
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Department of Veterinary Pathology; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Tomislav Mašek
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
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Vitlov Uljević M, Bočina I, Restović I, Kunac N, Mašek T, Kretzschmar G, Grobe M, Šarić M, Vukojević K, Saraga-Babić M, Filipović N. Reabsorption in the proximal tubuli-ultrastructural evidence for a novel aspect of renal VEGF trafficking. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 374:189-201. [PMID: 29804263 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2850-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Many clinical and experimental studies have revealed VEGF as an important factor in the pathophysiology of renal damage during diabetes mellitus (DM). Anti-VEGF therapy is in clinical use for treatment of DM and other diabetes-related (and unrelated) diseases. Nevertheless, little is known about the metabolism of VEGF in the kidneys. In order to determine the ultrastructural localization of VEGF in the kidney, we study the distribution of VEGF in the kidney of rats by using immunogold immunohistochemistry. Our light-microscopic data showed remarkable re-distribution of VEGF in proximal tubular cells (PTCs) during prolonged hyperglycemia, a DM type 2 model (DM2), which was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) findings. TEM findings revealed an initial presence of VEGF in the vesicular transport apparatus of PTCs in healthy rats and its gradual translocation to the apical membrane of PTCs after renal damage caused by high sucrose treatment. The presented data add to our understanding of kidney VEGF trafficking, providing novel insight into the renal metabolism and pharmacodynamics of the cytokine. This could have a high impact on the use of VEGF and anti-VEGF therapy in different renal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Vitlov Uljević
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory for Neurocardiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Bočina
- Department of Biology, University of Split Faculty of Science, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivana Restović
- Department of Teacher Education, University of Split Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Split, Croatia
| | - Nenad Kunac
- Department of Pathology, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Zagreb Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Genia Kretzschmar
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory for Neurocardiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Maximilian Grobe
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory for Neurocardiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Mia Šarić
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory for Neurocardiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Katarina Vukojević
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory for Neurocardiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory for Early Human Development, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Mirna Saraga-Babić
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory for Early Human Development, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Natalija Filipović
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory for Neurocardiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia.
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Vranković L, Aladrović J, Ljubić BB, Pipal I, Prvanović-Babić N, Mašek T, Stojević Z. Blood biochemical parameters of bone metabolism in cows and calves kept in a beef suckler system during the early postpartum period. Livest Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Starčević K, Filipović N, Galan A, Micek V, Gudan Kurilj A, Mašek T. Hepatic Lipogenesis and Brain Fatty Acid Profile in Response to Different Dietary n6/n3 Ratios and DHA/EPA Supplementation in Streptozotocin Treated Rats. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1701007. [PMID: 29579359 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201701007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE We investigated the interaction between streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes and dietary n6/n3 ratio, and its influence on lipogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS The animals were treated with STZ and fed with different dietary n6/n3 ratios: 1, 7, and 60, or supplemented with DHA/EPA. Gene expression was assessed by RT-PCR and protein expression by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Fatty acid profile was determined by GC-MS. Pancreas and liver histology were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. STZ-induced characteristic changes in all STZ treated groups, including: increased blood glucose, decreased body mass, increased lipid peroxidation and CD36 expression, decreased 16:1n7 and 18:1n7, increases in 20:3n6, decreases in phospholipid (PL) content of 20:4n6, as well as decreases in the expression of SREBP1c, Δ-9-desaturase (Δ9D), and Δ-5-desaturase (Δ5D). Additionally, other changes occurred that were dependent on the n6/n3 ratio. Among the diabetic groups, the lower n6/n3 ratio caused higher lipid peroxidation and CD36 expression, a greater decrease in 20:4n6 and decreased Δ6-desaturase (Δ6D) expression, while the higher n6/n3 ratio caused increased partitioning of 20:4n6 into hepatic neutral lipids (NL), a decrease in 20:5n3 content, and increased β-oxidation. CONCLUSION Presented data suggest that the n6/n3 ratio could significantly influence lipogenesis, lipid peroxidation, and β-oxidation in STZ-induced diabetes, which could have clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Starčević
- Department of Animal Husbandry, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Natalija Filipović
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split, School of Medicine, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Asier Galan
- VetMedZg ERA Chair project, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vedran Micek
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrea Gudan Kurilj
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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Mašek T, Perin N, Racané L, Cindrić M, Čipčić Paljetak H, Perić M, Matijašić M, Verbanac D, Radić B, Šuran J, Starčević K. Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Different Extracts of Poplar Type Propolis. CROAT CHEM ACTA 2018. [DOI: 10.5562/cca3298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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19
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Vranić M, Grbeša D, Bošnjak K, Mašek T, Jareš D. Intake and Digestibility of Sheep-fed Alfalfa Haylage Supplemented with Corn. Can J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2015-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Vranić
- University of Zagreb Agricultural Faculty , Dept of Crops, Forage and Grasses, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darko Grbeša
- University of Zagreb Agricultural Faculty , Dept of Crops, Forage and Grasses, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Krešimir Bošnjak
- Sveuciliste u Zagrebu Agronomski Fakultet, 91862, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Mašek
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dept of Animal Nutrition, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dario Jareš
- Sveuciliste u Zagrebu Agronomski Fakultet, 91862, Zagreb, Croatia
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Starčević K, Gavrilović A, Gottstein Ž, Mašek T. Influence of substitution of sunflower oil by different oils on the growth, survival rate and fatty acid composition of Jamaican field cricket ( Gryllus assimilis ). Anim Feed Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Racané L, Cindrić M, Perin N, Roškarić P, Starčević K, Mašek T, Maurić M, Dogan J, Karminski-Zamola G. Synthesis and Antioxidative Potency of Novel Amidino Substituted Benzimidazole and Benzothiazole Derivatives. CROAT CHEM ACTA 2017. [DOI: 10.5562/cca3146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Mašek T, Filipović N, Vuica A, Starčević K. Effects of treatment with sucrose in drinking water on liver histology, lipogenesis and lipogenic gene expression in rats fed high-fiber diet. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2017; 116:1-8. [PMID: 28088289 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We studied the influence of sucrose in drinking water on liver histology, fatty acid profile and lipogenic genes expression in rats maintained on high-fiber. The experimental groups were: control group (water) and sucrose group (sucrose solution in drinking water, 30% w/v). Liver histology of sucrose treated rats revealed steatosis and increased number of αSMA immunoreactive cells without the signs of fibrosis. Sucrose treatment increased de novo lipogenesis, lipid peroxidation and MUFA content and decreased PUFA content, C18:2n6 and C20:4n6 content in total phospholipids and phosphatidylethanolamine and C18:2n6 content in cardiolipin. RT-qPCR revealed increase in Δ-9-desaturase and SREBP1c gene expression and decrease in the Δ-5-desaturase and elongase 5 expression. Treatment with sucrose extensively changes fatty acid composition of hepatic lipid and phospholipid classes including cardiolipin, increases oxidative stress and causes pathological changes in liver in rats maintained on high-fiber diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Natalija Filipović
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split, School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Ana Vuica
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split, School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Kristina Starčević
- Department of Animal Husbandry, University of Zagreb Faculty, of Veterinary Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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Starčević K, Filipović N, Šperanda M, Đidara M, Mašek T. The influence of sex and gonadectomy on hepatic and brain fatty acid composition, lipogenesis and β-oxidation. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 101:649-657. [PMID: 27868245 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of sex and castration of rats on liver and brain fatty acid profile and liver mRNA expression of genes involved in lipogenesis and β-oxidation. Castration significantly increased body weight and liver index and decreased serum triglyceride content in the female rats. The fatty acid composition of the liver tissue was influenced by sex and castration. Male rats had higher content of C16:0, C18:1n7, C18:2n6 and C22:5n3, while female rats had higher content of C18:0, C20:4n6 and C22:6n3. Castration of male rats decreased differences caused by sex for C18:2n6, C20:4n6 and C22:6n3. Values for C16:1n7 were higher in the castrated male rats in comparison with all other groups. Liver phospholipids showed a distribution of fatty acids similar to the total lipids. Brain total lipids and phospholipids were not influenced by sex or castration. Castration increased ∆6D gene expression in both the sexes, while ∆5D and ∆9D increased in females and males respectively. Gonadectomy increased expression of the FASN gene in the females and decreased CPT1 and ACOX1 gene expression in the liver tissue of male rats. The observed results of lipid peroxidation, measured by TBARS, were the lowest in the intact females in comparison with all other groups. In conclusion, sex strongly influences both SFA and PUFA in liver tissue, and castration decreases these differences only for PUFA. Castration also influences the expression of the genes involved in lipid metabolism differently in male and female rats, with an increase in lipogenic genes in female rats and a decrease in key genes for mitochondrial and peroxisomal β-oxidation in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Starčević
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - N Filipović
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Laboratory for Neurocardiology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - M Šperanda
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - M Đidara
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - T Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Mašek T, Starčević K. Lipogenesis and lipid peroxidation in rat testes after long-term treatment with sucrose and tannic acid in drinking water. Andrologia 2016; 49. [PMID: 27362617 DOI: 10.1111/and.12632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the influence of long-term treatment with sucrose and tannic acid in drinking water on the fatty acid profile and lipid peroxidation in rat testes. Male Wistar rats were supplemented with sucrose (30% w/v) or with sucrose and tannic acid (sucrose 30% w/v, tannic acid 0.1% w/v) in drinking water. The treatment with sucrose elevated blood glucose levels in the plasma (p < .05) and decreased the testis weight (p < .05) and testis index (p < .05) of the rats. Sucrose treatment increased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and C22:6n3, and decreased n6 fatty acids in testis tissue. Lipid peroxidation was significantly increased after sucrose administration in plasma (p < .05) and testis tissue (p < .01). The addition of tannic acid led to the decrease in lipid peroxidation in the plasma (p < .05) and testis (p < .05), a further increase in MUFA and decrease in n6 fatty acids. In conclusion, sucrose significantly altered the testis fatty acid profile with an increase in MUFA and C22:6n3, and a decrease in n6 fatty acids. Tannic acid attenuated oxidative stress and hyperglycaemia, but it did not improve pathological changes in the fatty acid composition of the testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Starčević
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Severin K, Mašek T, Horvatek D, Konjević D, Janicki Z, Cvrtila Ž, Kozačinski L, Hadžiosmanovič L, Barić-Rafaj R. The effects of castration on the growth parameters, carcass yield and meat chemical composition of intensively reared Common Pheasant(Phasianus colchicus colchicus L.). Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2007.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Mašek T, Severin K, Kos J, Janicki Z, Filipović N, Kozačinski L, Cvrtila Ž, Džaja P. Blood lipids and fatty acid composition of abdominal fat in castrated and intact male common pheasant(Colchicus colchicus). Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2010.e78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Đidara M, Poljičak-Milas N, Milinković-Tur S, Mašek T, Šuran J, Pavić M, Kardum M, Šperanda M. Immune and oxidative response to linseed in the diet of periparturient Holstein cows. Animal 2015; 9:1349-54. [PMID: 25786897 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731115000439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to determine the influence of dietary replacement of n-6 with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cellular immunity and oxidative stress in the transition period dairy cows. The experiment was conducted on 20 dairy Holstein cows from 3 ± 1 weeks before parturition until the 6th week of lactation. Both groups were fed an iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous diet. Soybean meal from control (C) group was replaced with linseed in the experimental (LS) group. Cellular immunity and oxidative stress were measured on days -10, 1, 21 and 42 relative to parturition. During the entire experimental period, the proportion of CD45+ cells was lower (P<0.05) in LS group compared with the C group. The phagocytosis ability and phagocytosis index of cows fed with n-3 fatty acids were significantly reduced (P<0.05) compared with the group of cows fed with n-6 fatty acids. The most severe decrease in phagocytosis ability was on day -10 and 1 relative to parturition. The activity of superoxide dismutase (P<0.05) and plasma glutathione peroxidase (P<0.05) increased around calving, although activities were not influenced by dietary treatment. Increased malondialdehyde concentration (P<0.05) was influenced by dietary n-3 fatty acids and the time relative to parturition. The immune suppression was most pronounced during periparturient period. In that matter we can conclude that not only dietary n-3 fatty acids but also oxidative stress, which reached peak at time of parturition, contributed to the reduced cellular immunity during the periparturient period.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Đidara
- 1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture,K. P. Svacica 1D,31000 Osijek,Croatia
| | - N Poljičak-Milas
- 2Department of Pathophysiology, Veterinary Faculty,Heinzelova 55,10000 Zagreb,Croatia
| | - S Milinković-Tur
- 3Department of Physiology and Radiobiology, Veterinary Faculty,Heinzelova 55,10000 Zagreb,Croatia
| | - T Mašek
- 4Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Veterinary Faculty,Heinzelova 55,10000 Zagreb,Croatia
| | - J Šuran
- 5Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Faculty,Heinzelova 55,10000 Zagreb,Croatia
| | - M Pavić
- 1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture,K. P. Svacica 1D,31000 Osijek,Croatia
| | - M Kardum
- 2Department of Pathophysiology, Veterinary Faculty,Heinzelova 55,10000 Zagreb,Croatia
| | - M Šperanda
- 1Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture,K. P. Svacica 1D,31000 Osijek,Croatia
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Starčević K, Krstulović L, Brozić D, Maurić M, Stojević Z, Mikulec Ž, Bajić M, Mašek T. Production performance, meat composition and oxidative susceptibility in broiler chicken fed with different phenolic compounds. J Sci Food Agric 2015; 95:1172-8. [PMID: 24995966 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of phenolic compounds on production animals. Supplementation of animal diets with phytogenic compounds, such as different essential oils and polyphenols, could improve animal productivity as well as the chemical composition and oxidative stability of food derived from those animals. RESULTS During the trial, 80 male broilers of the Ross 308 strain were allocated to four dietary groups: control and three groups supplemented with thymol, tannic acid and gallic acid. Feed utilisation was improved in all experimental groups and tannic acid also improved final body weight. Gallic acid significantly increased n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. A hypocholesterolaemic effect was noticed in all groups in liver, but not in muscle. The glucose lowering effect in serum was noticed in the tannic acid group in comparison to other experimental groups. Oxidative susceptibility was improved by tannic acid in liver and breast and by gallic acid in breast muscle. CONCLUSION The inclusion of phenolic compounds enhanced growth performance, decreased lipid oxidation, decreased cholesterol value and increased beneficial fatty acids content. Positive effects varied depending on phenolic compound used and, therefore, it would be interesting to further investigate synergistic effects of investigated phenolic compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Starčević
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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Filipović N, Vrdoljak M, Vuica A, Jerić M, Jeličić Kadić A, Utrobičić T, Mašek T, Grković I. Expression of PTHrP and PTH/PTHrP receptor 1 in the superior cervical ganglia of rats. Neuropeptides 2014; 48:353-9. [PMID: 25278090 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PTHrP and its receptor PTHR1 are found in the CNS and peripheral nervous system. The presence of PTHrP mRNA has been detected in the superior cervical ganglion (SCG), but there are no data on the cellular distribution of PTHrP and PTHR1 in the SCG. Although it is known that ovarian activity and reproductive status influence sympathetic activity, and the PTHrP/PTHR1 system is influenced by estrogens in different tissues, it is not known whether these factors have a similar effect on expression of PTHrP and PTHR1 in the nervous system. Hence, we investigated the presence and distribution of PTHrP and PTHR1 in neurons and glia of the SCG of rats, as well as the influence of ovariectomy on their expression, by using immunohistochemistry. PTHrP and PTHR1 immunoreactivity was observed in cytoplasm as well as in nuclei of almost all neurons in the SCG. In male rats, intensity of PTHrP fluorescence was significantly higher in cytoplasm of NPY-, in comparison to NPY+ neurons (p < 0.05). In female rats, 2 months post-ovariectomy, significantly lower intensity of PTHrP fluorescence in cytoplasm of the SCG neurons was observed in comparison to sham operated animals (p < 0.05). In addition to neurons, PTHrP and PTHR1 immunoreactivity was observed in most of the glia and was not influenced by ovariectomy. Results show the expression of PTHrP and its receptor, PTHR1, in the majority of neurons and glial cells in the SCG of rats. Expression of PTHrP, but not PTHR1 in the cytoplasm of SCG neurons is influenced by ovarian activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalija Filipović
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia.
| | - Marija Vrdoljak
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Ana Vuica
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Milka Jerić
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Antonia Jeličić Kadić
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Toni Utrobičić
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivica Grković
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
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Filipović N, Stojević Z, Plevnik N, Mašek T, Prvanović N, Tuček Z. The influence of age on bone metabolism in mares during late pregnancy and lactation. Res Vet Sci 2014; 97:194-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Filipović N, Žuvan L, Mašek T, Tokalić R, Grković I. Gender and gonadectomy influence on neurons in superior cervical ganglia of sexually mature rats. Neurosci Lett 2014; 563:55-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Mašek T, Starčević K, Filipović N, Stojević Z, Brozić D, Gottstein Ž, Severin K. Tissue fatty acid composition and estimated ∆ desaturase activity after castration in chicken broilers fed with linseed or sunflower oil. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2013; 98:384-92. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Mašek
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Zagreb; Zagreb 10000 Croatia
| | - K. Starčević
- Department of Animal Husbandry; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Zagreb; Zagreb 10000 Croatia
| | - N. Filipović
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology; School of Medicine; University of Split; Split 21000 Croatia
| | - Z. Stojević
- Department of Physiology and Radiobiology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Zagreb; Zagreb 10000 Croatia
| | - D. Brozić
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Zagreb; Zagreb 10000 Croatia
| | - Ž. Gottstein
- Department of Poultry Diseases; University of Zagreb; Zagreb 10000 Croatia
| | - K. Severin
- Department of Judicial Medicine; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Zagreb; Zagreb 10000 Croatia
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Grubešić M, Konjević D, Severin K, Hadžiosmanović M, Tomljanović K, Mašek T, Margaletić J, Slavica A. Dressed and undressed weight in naturally bred wild boar (Sus scrofa): The possible influence of crossbreeding. Acta Alimentaria 2011. [DOI: 10.1556/aalim.40.2011.4.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mašek T, Konjević D, Severin K, Janicki Z, Grubešić M, Krapinec K, Bojanc J, Mikulec Ž, Slavica A. Hematology and serum biochemistry of European mouflon (Ovis orientalis musimon) in Croatia. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-009-0276-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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