51
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Brown JB, Qian Y, Wang H, Zhang T, Huang-Fu ZC, Rao Y. Quantitative Signal Analysis of Sum-Frequency Scattering Experiments from Aerosol Surfaces. Anal Chem 2024; 96:13607-13615. [PMID: 39126390 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Droplet interfaces are instrumental in processes of biology, engineering, production, and environmental systems. The chemical and physical properties of heterogeneous interfaces are known to be different from those of their underlying bulk phases, and different again when considering the curved surface of submicron aerosol droplets. The recently developed technique of vibrational sum-frequency scattering (VSFS) spectroscopy from airborne particles has emerged as an interface-specific method for the in situ analysis of this unique system. While the technique has shown promise in debut works, a quantitative analysis of the VSFS system has not yet been performed. Here we provide a comprehensive analysis of a VSFS spectrometer with reference to the well-documented planar analog. We decompose the VSFS signal into coherent and incoherent as well as resonant and nonresonant components as a function of incident pulse delay time. We then quantify and compare resonant and nonresonant VSFS and VSFG experimental data using the same laser and detection systems. Using the air/water interface as a guide, we show that the resonant and nonresonant contributions to the SF responses are comparable for the two systems by extracting second-order susceptibilities and hyperpolarizabilities, and using them to estimate single-particle susceptibilities. A quantitative analysis of the signal detection systems for the scattering and planar geometries is made, and conversion efficiencies for VSFG, VSFS, and other nonlinear scattering experiments are compared. Lastly, the possibility of a low-repetition (1 kHz) VSFS spectrometer is considered, determining that it may be possible with modern laser technology but is inevitably less efficient than a high-repetition (100 kHz) system. Though this multistep analysis we obtain a better understanding of the components of the VSFS signal from aerosol particles, further validate the feasibility of the experiments, and provide insight to those wishing to conduct similar experiments and how they may be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse B Brown
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Yuqin Qian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Zhi-Chao Huang-Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
| | - Yi Rao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, United States
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52
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Gómez S, Cappelli C. When Tautomers Matter: UV-Vis Absorption Spectra of Hypoxanthine in Aqueous Solution from Fully Atomistic Simulations. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400107. [PMID: 38747323 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The UV-Vis spectrum of the solvated purine derivative Hypoxanthine (HYX) is investigated using the Quantum Mechanics/Fluctuating Charges (QM/FQ) multiscale approach combined with a sampling of configurations through atomistic Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. Keto 1H7H and 1H9H tautomeric forms of HYX are the most stable in aqueous solution and form different stable complexes with the surrounding water molecules, ultimately affecting the electronic absorption spectra. The final simulated spectrum resulting from the combination of the individual spectra of tautomers agrees very well with most of the characteristics in the measured spectrum. The importance of considering the effect of the solute tautomers and, in parallel, the contribution of the different solvent arrangements around the solute when modeling spectral properties, is highlighted. In addition, the high quality of the computed spectra leads to suggesting an alternative way for acquiring tautomeric populations from combined computational/experimental spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gómez
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Chiara Cappelli
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Classe di Scienze, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126, Pisa, Italy
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53
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Lu T. Theoretical Prediction and Comprehensive Characterization of an All-Nitrogenatomic Ring, Cyclo[18]Nitrogen (N 18). Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400377. [PMID: 38722092 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The cyclic molecule cyclo[18]carbon composed of 18 carbon atoms has been observed in condensed phase experiment in recent years and has attracted great attention. Through state-of-art quantum chemistry calculation, this study found that 18 nitrogen atoms can also form a macrocyclic system, cyclo[18]nitrogen (N18), though its lifetime is very short at room temperature and can only exist for a relatively long time at very low temperatures. We comprehensively theoretically studied properties of N18, including geometric configurations, thermal decomposition mechanism and rate, molecular dynamics behavior, energetic properties, vibrational and electronic spectra. We also discussed in depth the electronic structure of N18, including nature of the N-N bonds, lone-pairs, charge distribution characteristics, electronic delocalization, and aromaticity. This work is not only the first exploration of the macrocyclic N18 molecule, but also the first time to systematically examine a very long-chain substance fully composed of nitrogen atoms in isolated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lu
- Beijing Kein Research Center for Natural Sciences, Beijing, 100024, P. R. China
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54
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Aktary M, Alghamdi HS, Ajeebi AM, AlZahrani AS, Sanhoob MA, Aziz MA, Nasiruzzaman Shaikh M. Hydrogenation of CO 2 into Value-added Chemicals Using Solid-Supported Catalysts. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202301007. [PMID: 38311592 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202301007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Reducing CO2 emissions is an urgent global priority. In this context, several mitigation strategies, including CO2 tax and stringent legislation, have been adopted to halt the deterioration of the natural environment. Also, carbon recycling procedures undoubtedly help reduce net emissions into the atmosphere, enhancing sustainability. Utilizing Earth's abundant CO2 to produce high-potential green chemicals and light fuels opens new avenues for the chemical industry. In this context, many attempts have been devoted to converting CO2 as a feedstock into various value-added chemicals, such as CH4, lower methanol, light olefins, gasoline, and higher hydrocarbons, for numerous applications involving various catalytic reactions. Although several CO2-conversion methods have been used, including electrochemical, photochemical, and biological approaches, the hydrogenation method allows the reaction to be tuned to produce the targeted compound without significantly altering infrastructure. This review discusses the numerous hydrogenation routes and their challenges, such as catalyst design, operation, and the combined art of structure-activity relationships for the various product formations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahbuba Aktary
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda S Alghamdi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan M Ajeebi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif S AlZahrani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and Power Systems (IRC-REPS), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Sanhoob
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Abdul Aziz
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Nasiruzzaman Shaikh
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management (IRC-HTCM), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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55
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Feldmann R, Reiher M. Renormalized Internally Contracted Multireference Coupled Cluster with Perturbative Triples. J Chem Theory Comput 2024. [PMID: 39158160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we combine the many-body formulation of the internally contracted multireference coupled cluster (ic-MRCC) method with Evangelista's multireference formulation of the driven similarity renormalization group (DSRG). The DSRG method can be viewed as a unitary multireference coupled cluster theory, which renormalizes the amplitudes based on a flow equation approach to eliminate numerical instabilities. We extend this approach by demonstrating that the unitary flow equation approach can be adapted for nonunitary transformations, rationalizing the renormalization of ic-MRCC amplitudes. We denote the new approach, the renormalized ic-MRCC (ric-MRCC) method. To achieve high accuracy with a reasonable computational cost, we introduce a new approximation to the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff expansion. We fully consider the linear commutator while approximating the quadratic commutator, for which we neglect specific contractions involving amplitudes with active indices. Moreover, we introduce approximate perturbative triples to obtain the ric-MRCCSD[T] method. We demonstrate the accuracy of our approaches in comparison to advanced multireference methods for the potential energy curves of H8, F2, H2O, N2, and Cr2. Additionally, we show that ric-MRCCSD and ric-MRCSSD[T] match the accuracy of CCSD(T) for evaluating spectroscopic constants and of full configuration interaction energies for a set of small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Feldmann
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich,, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Reiher
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich,, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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56
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Gao A, Shen S, Shang T, Shi Y, Zhang H, Lin W, Wang S, Lin T, Ji P, Wang Y, Chen Y, Yu B, Lu X, Zhong W, Zhang Q, Gu L. Van der Waals phase transition investigation toward high-voltage layered cathodes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadp4906. [PMID: 39141724 PMCID: PMC11323889 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adp4906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
High-voltage phase transition constitutes the major barrier to accessing high energy density in layered cathodes. However, questions remain regarding the origin of phase transition, because the interlayer weak bonding features cannot get an accurate description by experiments. Here, we determined van der Waals (vdW) interaction (vdWi) in LixCoO2 via visualizing its electron density, elucidating the origin of O3─O1 phase transition. The charge around oxygen is distorted by the increasing Co─O covalency. The charge distortion causes the difference of vdW gap between O3 and O1 phases, verified by a gap corrected vdW equation. In a high charging state, excessive covalency breaks the vdW gap balance, driving the O3 phase toward a stable O1 one. This interpretation of vdWi-dominated phase transition can be applied to other layered materials, as shown by a map regarding degree of covalence. Last, we introduce the cationic potential to provide a solution for designing high-voltage layered cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, China
- Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shijie Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tongtong Shang
- Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuansheng Shi
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiguang Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ting Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Pengxiang Ji
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yichi Wang
- Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Botao Yu
- Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xia Lu
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Wenwu Zhong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Beijing National Center for Electron Microscopy and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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57
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Chen J, Zhao J. Theoretical uncovering of the chalcogen element regulated ESDPT behaviors for 2,5-bis(2-benzoxazolyl)-hydroquinone derivatives. RSC Adv 2024; 14:26133-26141. [PMID: 39175685 PMCID: PMC11339643 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03443k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Inspired by the captivating allure of exquisitely regulated characteristics exhibited by 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-benzoxazole and its derivatives in the realms of photochemistry and photophysics, our current endeavor primarily revolves around delving into the intricacies of photo-induced excited state reactions for derivatives of 2,5-bis(2-benzoxazolyl)-hydroquinone (BBHQ). Given the significant impact of chalcogen element doping, herein we predominantly focus on exploring the excited state behaviors of BBHQ-OO, BBHQ-SS, and BBHQ-SeSe fluorophores. Our simulations, resulting from variations in geometry and vertical excitation charge reorganization, reveal atomic-electronegativity-dependent hydrogen bonding interactions and charge recombination induced by photoexcitation that can significantly enhance the excited state intramolecular double proton transfer (ESDPT) reaction for BBHQ-OO, BBHQ-SS, and BBHQ-SeSe fluorophores. By constructing potential energy surfaces (PESs) and identifying transition states (TS), we unveil the ultrafast stepwise ESDPT mechanism due to the low potential barriers. Additionally, by employing heterosubstituted BBHQ-OS and BBHQ-OSe compounds, we rigorously validate the stepwise ESDPT mechanism regulated by chalcogen atomic electronegativity. We sincerely anticipate that the modulation of solvent polarity on excited state behaviors will pave the way for groundbreaking advancements in luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Chen
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University Shenyang 110034 China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University Shenyang 110034 China
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58
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Curchod BFE, Orr-Ewing AJ. Perspective on Theoretical and Experimental Advances in Atmospheric Photochemistry. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:6613-6635. [PMID: 39021090 PMCID: PMC11331530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c03481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Research that explores the chemistry of Earth's atmosphere is central to the current understanding of global challenges such as climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, and poor air quality in urban areas. This research is a synergistic combination of three established domains: earth observation, for example, using satellites, and in situ field measurements; computer modeling of the atmosphere and its chemistry; and laboratory measurements of the properties and reactivity of gas-phase molecules and aerosol particles. The complexity of the interconnected chemical and photochemical reactions which determine the composition of the atmosphere challenges the capacity of laboratory studies to provide the spectroscopic, photochemical, and kinetic data required for computer models. Here, we consider whether predictions from computational chemistry using modern electronic structure theory and nonadiabatic dynamics simulations are becoming sufficiently accurate to supplement quantitative laboratory data for wavelength-dependent absorption cross-sections, photochemical quantum yields, and reaction rate coefficients. Drawing on presentations and discussions from the CECAM workshop on Theoretical and Experimental Advances in Atmospheric Photochemistry held in March 2024, we describe key concepts in the theory of photochemistry, survey the state-of-the-art in computational photochemistry methods, and compare their capabilities with modern experimental laboratory techniques. From such considerations, we offer a perspective on the scope of computational (photo)chemistry methods based on rigorous electronic structure theory to become a fourth core domain of research in atmospheric chemistry.
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59
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Armentrout PB, Lushchikova OV, Schuurman JL, Nooteboom S, Ghiassee M, Boles GC, Bakker JM. Infrared Spectroscopic Characterization of Early 4d Transition Metal Carbene Cations, ZrCH 2+ and NbCH 2. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:6658-6667. [PMID: 39083656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c03553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
IR multiple-photon dissociation (IRMPD) action spectroscopy is combined with quantum chemical calculations to examine the [M,C,2H]+ species for the early 4d metals, M = Zr and Nb. These ions were formed by reacting laser ablated M+ ions with cyclopropane (c-C3H6) in a molecular beam apparatus. Both IRMPD spectra exhibit one major band near 700 cm-1 and a second weaker band at about twice that wavenumber, more evident when irradiated in focus. The [Nb,C,2H]+ species also has a sharp band at 800 cm-1. Comparison with B3LYP calculations allow assignment of the [M,C,2H]+ structures to agostic carbenes, which is similar to the structures found for the 5d analogues, WCH2+ and TaCH2+. A molecular orbital analysis traces the reasons for the agostic deformation from a classic C2v symmetric carbene.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Armentrout
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Olga V Lushchikova
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, HFML-FELIX, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jelle L Schuurman
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, HFML-FELIX, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd Nooteboom
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, HFML-FELIX, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maryam Ghiassee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Georgia C Boles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Joost M Bakker
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, HFML-FELIX, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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60
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Dwivedi A, Lopez-Ruiz MA, Iyengar SS. Resource Optimization for Quantum Dynamics with Tensor Networks: Quantum and Classical Algorithms. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:6774-6797. [PMID: 39101545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c03407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
The exponential scaling of the quantum degrees of freedom with the size of the system is one of the biggest challenges in computational chemistry and particularly in quantum dynamics. We present a tensor network approach for the time-evolution of the nuclear degrees of freedom of multiconfigurational chemical systems at a reduced storage and computational complexity. We also present quantum algorithms for the resultant dynamics. To preserve the compression advantage achieved via tensor network decompositions, we present an adaptive algorithm for the regularization of nonphysical bond dimensions, preventing the potentially exponential growth of these with time. While applicable to any quantum dynamical problem, our method is particularly valuable for dynamical simulations of nuclear chemical systems. Our algorithm is demonstrated using ab initio potentials obtained for a symmetric hydrogen-bonded system, namely, the protonated 2,2'-bipyridine, and compared to exact diagonalization numerical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Dwivedi
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
- Indiana University Quantum Science and Engineering Center (IU-QSEC), Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Miguel Angel Lopez-Ruiz
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
- Indiana University Quantum Science and Engineering Center (IU-QSEC), Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Srinivasan S Iyengar
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
- Indiana University Quantum Science and Engineering Center (IU-QSEC), Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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61
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Santos JC, Enrique-Romero J, Lamberts T, Linnartz H, Chuang KJ. Formation of S-Bearing Complex Organic Molecules in Interstellar Clouds via Ice Reactions with C 2H 2, HS, and Atomic H. ACS EARTH & SPACE CHEMISTRY 2024; 8:1646-1660. [PMID: 39166258 PMCID: PMC11331529 DOI: 10.1021/acsearthspacechem.4c00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
The chemical network governing interstellar sulfur has been the topic of unrelenting discussion for the past few decades due to the conspicuous discrepancy between its expected and observed abundances in different interstellar environments. More recently, the astronomical detections of CH3CH2SH and CH2CS highlighted the importance of interstellar formation routes for sulfur-bearing organic molecules with two carbon atoms. In this work, we perform a laboratory investigation of the solid-state chemistry resulting from the interaction between C2H2 molecules and SH radicals-both thought to be present in interstellar icy mantles-at 10 K. Reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy and quadrupole mass spectrometry combined with temperature-programmed desorption experiments are employed as analytical techniques. We confirm that SH radicals can kick-start a sulfur reaction network under interstellar cloud conditions and identify at least six sulfurated products: CH3CH2SH, CH2CHSH, HSCH2CH2SH, H2S2, and tentatively CH3CHS and CH2CS. Complementarily, we utilize computational calculations to pinpoint the reaction routes that play a role in the chemical network behind our experimental results. The main sulfur-bearing organic molecule formed under our experimental conditions is CH3CH2SH, and its formation yield increases with the ratios of H to other reactants. It serves as a sink to the sulfur budget within the network, being formed at the expense of the other unsaturated products. The astrophysical implications of the chemical network proposed here are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C. Santos
- Laboratory
for Astrophysics, Leiden Observatory, Leiden
University, PO Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Joan Enrique-Romero
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thanja Lamberts
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden
Observatory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Harold Linnartz
- Laboratory
for Astrophysics, Leiden Observatory, Leiden
University, PO Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ko-Ju Chuang
- Laboratory
for Astrophysics, Leiden Observatory, Leiden
University, PO Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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62
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Song K, Li J. Fundamental Invariant Neural Network (FI-NN) Potential Energy Surface for the OH + CH 3OH Reaction with Analytical Forces. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:6636-6647. [PMID: 39096277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c02432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
The hydrogen abstraction reaction of OH + CH3OH plays a great role in combustion and atmospheric and interstellar chemistry and has been extensively studied theoretically and experimentally. Theoretically, the numerical gradients with respect to the Cartesian coordinates of atoms in molecular simulations on our recent potential energy surface (PES) for the title reaction trained using the permutationally invariant polynomial neural network (PIP-NN) approach hinder the extensive calculation because of the unaffordable computation cost. To address this issue, we in this work report a new full-dimensional accurate analytical PES for the title reaction using the fundamental invariant neural network (FI-NN) approach based on 140,192 points of the quality UCCSD(T)-F12a/AVTZ. Besides, the spin-orbit (SO) corrections of OH in the entrance channel were determined at the level of complete active space self-consistent field with the AVTZ basis set. As a compromise between computational cost and efficiency, the Δ-machine learning approach was employed to construct the SO-corrected PES. Based on this new FI-NN PES with analytical forces, thermal rate coefficients and various dynamic properties, including the integral cross sections, the differential cross sections, and the product energy partitioning, were determined by running a total of 5.5 million trajectories. The use of analytical gradients of the FI-NN PES accelerated simulations and about 99% of computation cost was saved, compared to that for the PIP-NN PES with numerical gradients. Such a significant acceleration is achieved mainly by replacing PIPs with FIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisheng Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chemical Theory and Mechanism, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Chemical Theory and Mechanism, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
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63
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Hore DK. Phase of the second-order susceptibility in vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy: Origins, utility, and measurement techniques. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:060902. [PMID: 39132786 DOI: 10.1063/5.0220817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Vibrational sum frequency generation can provide valuable structural information at surfaces and buried interfaces. Relating the measured spectra to the complex-valued second-order susceptibility χ(2) is at the heart of the technique and a requisite step in nearly all subsequent analyses. The magnitude and phase of χ(2) as a function of frequency reveal important information about molecules and materials in regions where centrosymmetry is broken. In this tutorial-style perspective, the origins of the χ(2) phase are first described, followed by the utility of phase determination. Finally, some practical methods of phase extraction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis K Hore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada and Department of Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
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64
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Sinitsa AS, Polynskaya YG, Matsokin NA, Kedalo YM, Knizhnik AA, Popov AM. Formation of the icosahedral C 60 fullerene via migration of single sp atoms and annihilation of sp-atom pairs. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:21905-21911. [PMID: 39105668 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02490g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The disappearance of sp2 structural defects during abundant fullerene isomer formation is considered within the framework of the atomistic mechanism with participation of carbon atoms with sp hybridization. The study is carried out using the example of the icosahedral C60-Ih fullerene formation from the appropriate C58-C2v fullerene with a 7-ring. In this case the studied atomistic mechanism includes the following stages: (1) insertion of single carbon atoms into the fullerene from carbon vapor as an sp-atom instead of or above a bond, (2) directional migration of the sp-atom positions towards the 7-ring with decrease of energy, and (3) meeting of two sp atoms near the 7-ring with annihilation of the sp-atom pair and formation of the sp2 structure of the C60-Ih fullerene. The probabilities of all possible sp-atom positions on the appropriate C58-C2v fullerene shell are estimated as a function of temperature using the total energies of these positions obtained by spin-polarized density functional theory calculations using the PBE functional. Based on these estimations, it is shown that formation of the C60-Ih isomer is the most probable within the framework of the considered mechanism relative to other C60 isomers. The energetics of sp-atom pair annihilation in the formation of the C60-Ih isomer is also studied via DFT calculations. The advantages of the considered atomistic mechanism of the abundant fullerene isomer formation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Sinitsa
- Kintech Lab Ltd., 3rd Khoroshevskaya Street 12, Moscow 123298, Russia.
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatov Square 1, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | | | - Nikita A Matsokin
- Kintech Lab Ltd., 3rd Khoroshevskaya Street 12, Moscow 123298, Russia.
| | - Yegor M Kedalo
- Kintech Lab Ltd., 3rd Khoroshevskaya Street 12, Moscow 123298, Russia.
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatov Square 1, Moscow 123182, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny 141700, Russia
| | - Andrey A Knizhnik
- Kintech Lab Ltd., 3rd Khoroshevskaya Street 12, Moscow 123298, Russia.
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatov Square 1, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Andrey M Popov
- Institute of Spectroscopy of Russian Academy of Sciences, Fizicheskaya Street 5, Troitsk, Moscow 108840, Russia
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65
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Kushwaha A, Chahal P, Dhilip Kumar TJ. Rotational dynamics of CNCN by p-H2 and o-H2 collision at interstellar temperatures. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:064302. [PMID: 39120031 DOI: 10.1063/5.0220608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The rotational dynamics of isocyanogen (CNCN) is studied for its collision with para (p-) and ortho (o-) hydrogen (H2) in the temperature range of 1-100 K. These temperatures correspond to the cold dense molecular clouds in the interstellar medium where molecular hydrogen is the primary collider. An ab initio 4D potential energy surface (PES) is constructed keeping the two molecules under rigid rotor approximation. The PES is generated using the CCSD(T)-F12b/AVTZ level of theory. The 4D PES is further fitted into a neural network (NN) model, which can augment the surface and account for missing data points within spectroscopic accuracy. This NN-fitted PES is then expanded over a bispherical harmonics function to get radial terms, which are expressed into analytic functions. Thereafter, the cross sections (σ) are computed for rotational transitions of CNCN (j → j') using the close-coupling and centrifugal sudden methods for both p-H2 (jc = 0) and o-H2 (jc = 1) collision till 194 cm-1. In addition, p-H2 (jc = 0, 2) cross sections are also computed using the centrifugal sudden approximation method. The collisional rates are achieved by taking the Boltzmann distribution of σ over the translational energy of H2 till 100 K. Finally, the CNCN-H2 rates are compared to CNCN-He and NCCN-H2 collisional rates. Comparing even and odd transitions for the CNCN-H2 rates show a propensity toward higher rates for even transitions especially for o-H2 collisions considering low-order transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorv Kushwaha
- Quantum Dynamics Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar 140001, India
| | - Pooja Chahal
- Quantum Dynamics Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar 140001, India
| | - T J Dhilip Kumar
- Quantum Dynamics Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar 140001, India
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66
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Kopysov V, Yamaletdinov R, Boyarkin OV. Quantification of enantiomers and blind identification of erythro-sphingosine non-racemates by cold ion spectroscopy. Analyst 2024. [PMID: 39140796 PMCID: PMC11323735 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00911h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Enantiomers of a lipid erythro-sphingosine have been quantified with ≈4% accuracy by UV cold ion spectroscopy of their non-covalent complexes with a chiral aromatic molecule. The diastereomeric configuration of such complexes enables the quantification using just a single enantiomeric lipid standard and the identification of non-racemic solutions with no standards at all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Kopysov
- SCI-SB-RB Group, ISIC, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Ruslan Yamaletdinov
- SCI-SB-RB Group, ISIC, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Oleg V Boyarkin
- SCI-SB-RB Group, ISIC, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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67
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Luo Y, Sheng S, Pisarra M, Martin-Jimenez A, Martin F, Kern K, Garg M. Selective excitation of vibrations in a single molecule. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6983. [PMID: 39143046 PMCID: PMC11324655 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51419-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The capability to excite, probe, and manipulate vibrational modes is essential for understanding and controlling chemical reactions at the molecular level. Recent advancements in tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopies have enabled the probing of vibrational fingerprints in a single molecule with Ångström-scale spatial resolution. However, achieving controllable excitation of specific vibrational modes in individual molecules remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate the selective excitation and probing of vibrational modes in single deprotonated phthalocyanine molecules utilizing resonance Raman spectroscopy in a scanning tunneling microscope. Selective excitation is achieved by finely tuning the excitation wavelength of the laser to be resonant with the vibronic transitions between the molecular ground electronic state and the vibrational levels in the excited electronic state, resulting in the state-selective enhancement of the resonance Raman signal. Our approach contributes to setting the stage for steering chemical transformations in molecules on surfaces by selective excitation of molecular vibrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Luo
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Shaoxiang Sheng
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michele Pisarra
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 30C, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
- INFN-LNF, Gruppo Collegato di Cosenza, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 31C, 87036, Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Alberto Martin-Jimenez
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nano), Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Martin
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nano), Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Klaus Kern
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut de Physique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Manish Garg
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
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68
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Litman Y, Kapil V, Feldman YMY, Tisi D, Begušić T, Fidanyan K, Fraux G, Higer J, Kellner M, Li TE, Pós ES, Stocco E, Trenins G, Hirshberg B, Rossi M, Ceriotti M. i-PI 3.0: A flexible and efficient framework for advanced atomistic simulations. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:062504. [PMID: 39140447 DOI: 10.1063/5.0215869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Atomic-scale simulations have progressed tremendously over the past decade, largely thanks to the availability of machine-learning interatomic potentials. These potentials combine the accuracy of electronic structure calculations with the ability to reach extensive length and time scales. The i-PI package facilitates integrating the latest developments in this field with advanced modeling techniques thanks to a modular software architecture based on inter-process communication through a socket interface. The choice of Python for implementation facilitates rapid prototyping but can add computational overhead. In this new release, we carefully benchmarked and optimized i-PI for several common simulation scenarios, making such overhead negligible when i-PI is used to model systems up to tens of thousands of atoms using widely adopted machine learning interatomic potentials, such as Behler-Parinello, DeePMD, and MACE neural networks. We also present the implementation of several new features, including an efficient algorithm to model bosonic and fermionic exchange, a framework for uncertainty quantification to be used in conjunction with machine-learning potentials, a communication infrastructure that allows for deeper integration with electronic-driven simulations, and an approach to simulate coupled photon-nuclear dynamics in optical or plasmonic cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Litman
- Y. Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Venkat Kapil
- Y. Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, 17-19 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre and London Centre for Nanotechnology, 19 Gordon St, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
| | | | - Davide Tisi
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling, Institut des Matériaux, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tomislav Begušić
- Div. of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - Karen Fidanyan
- MPI for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guillaume Fraux
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling, Institut des Matériaux, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jacob Higer
- School of Physics, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Matthias Kellner
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling, Institut des Matériaux, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tao E Li
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Eszter S Pós
- MPI for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elia Stocco
- MPI for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - George Trenins
- MPI for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Barak Hirshberg
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Mariana Rossi
- MPI for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michele Ceriotti
- Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling, Institut des Matériaux, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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69
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Schaller S, Gewinner S, Schöllkopf W, Meijer G, Fielicke A. Gas-phase vibrational spectroscopy of the dysprosium monoxide molecule and its cation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:21620-21627. [PMID: 39086267 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02328e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Rotationally resolved vibrational spectra of DyO and DyO+ in a molecular beam are obtained by IR excitation from the X8 ground state and from high-n Rydberg states of DyO using an infrared free electron laser. Vibrational excitation is detected either by resonance enhanced multiphoton ionisation from X8(v = 1) or by autoionisation of Rydberg states converging to DyO+(v = 1). For most heavy molecules, the large spectral width of an infrared free electron laser does not allow for rotational resolution. In DyO and DyO+ the P, Q, and R transitions can be resolved due to the high angular momentum in their ground states. For 164DyO a vibrational constant of ωe = 847.5(2) cm-1 and a vibrational anharmonicity of ωeχe = 2.9(1) cm-1 are deduced. For the 161DyO+ cation a transition frequency of ΔG1/2 = 907(1) cm-1 is found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Schaller
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sandy Gewinner
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Wieland Schöllkopf
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Gerard Meijer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - André Fielicke
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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70
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Kozioł K, Aucar IA, Gaul K, Berger R, Aucar GA. Relativistic and quantum electrodynamics effects on NMR shielding tensors of TlX (X = H, F, Cl, Br, I, At) molecules. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:064307. [PMID: 39132800 DOI: 10.1063/5.0213653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The results of relativistic calculations of nuclear magnetic resonance shielding tensors (σ) for the thallium monocation (Tl+), thallium hydride (TlH), and thallium halides (TlF, TlCl, TlBr, TlI, and TlAt) are presented as obtained within a four-component polarization propagator formalism and a two-component linear response approach within the zeroth-order regular approximation. In addition to a detailed analysis of relativistic effects performed in this work, some quantum electrodynamical (QED) effects on those nuclear magnetic resonance shieldings and other small contributions are estimated. A strong dependence of σ(Tl) on the bonding partner is found, together with a very weak dependence of QED effects with them. In order to explain the trends observed, the excitation patterns associated with relativistic ee (or paramagnetic-like) and pp (or diamagnetic-like) contributions to σ are analyzed. For this purpose, the electronic spin-free and spin-dependent contributions are separated within the two-component zeroth-order regular approximation, and the influence of spin-orbit coupling on involved molecular orbitals is studied, which allows for a thorough understanding of the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Kozioł
- Narodowe Centrum Badań Jadrowych (NCBJ), Andrzeja Sołtana 7, 05-400 Otwock-Świerk, Poland
| | - I Agustín Aucar
- Instituto de Modelado e Innovación Tecnológica (UNNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Avda. Libertad, 5460 Corrientes, Argentina
- Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and Gravity, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Konstantin Gaul
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Robert Berger
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Gustavo A Aucar
- Instituto de Modelado e Innovación Tecnológica (UNNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Avda. Libertad, 5460 Corrientes, Argentina
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71
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Wrzosek B, Zajdel K, Jeleń P, Bukowska J. Mellitic Acid-Supported Synthesis of Anisotropic Nanoparticles Used as SERS Substrate. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:34905-34917. [PMID: 39157076 PMCID: PMC11325498 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
A method for the synthesis of a new SERS substrate-anisotropic silver nanoparticles using mellitic acid as a new capping agent is presented. The synthesis is free of toxic substances and does not require special temperature or lighting conditions. Moreover, it is fast, easy, and inexpensive. Depending on the concentration of silver ions and nanoparticle seeds, four different colloids were obtained, representing the evolution of nanoparticle growth along different paths from the first common stage. One of the synthesized colloids consists mainly of triangular nanoplates, while the other consists of polyhedral NPs. The analysis of the synthesis process together with the observation of TEM images and UV-vis extinction spectra enabled the proposal of the mechanism of interaction of mellitic acid molecules as the capping agent. The ability of mellitic acid molecules to form a hydrogen bond network, together with a ratio of silver ions to the mellitic acid concentration, turned out to be crucial for determining the shape of the NPs. All obtained colloids strongly enhance the Raman spectra of analyte molecules, thus proving their applicability as efficient new SERS substrates. For the one that enhanced the spectra the most, the detection limit was set at 10-9 M. Using it as a SERS substrate enables the identification of a trace amount of a designer drug, i.e., 4-chloromethcathinone (4-CMC, clephedrone). For the first time, SERS spectra of this substance, illegal in many countries, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Wrzosek
- University
of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Zajdel
- NOMATEN
Centre of Excellence, National Centre for
Nuclear Research, 7 Andrzeja Sołtana Street, 05-400 Otwock, Poland
- Electron
Microscopy Research Unit, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, 5 Pawińskiego Street, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Jeleń
- University
of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jolanta Bukowska
- University
of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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72
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Ventura E, Rodrigues GP, Leitão EFV, do Monte SA. Theoretical Study of an Authentic Hydrocarbon Ion Pair. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:34981-34989. [PMID: 39157103 PMCID: PMC11325399 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
For many years researchers believed that hydrocarbons only contain covalent bonds. However, since 1985 Okamoto et al. demonstrated the formation of hydrocarbon salts in several systems, demolishing the structural principle that hydrocarbons only contain covalent bonds. Despite the great importance of this outcome to the study of chemical bonds, quantum chemical calculations on these systems are essentially nonexistent. The stability of the hydrocarbon ions along with the steric hindrance associated with the formation of the covalent bond contribute to their occurrence either in solution (dissociated) or in the solid state. These facts along with the common formation of ion pairs in solvents of low polarity motivated us to search for hydrocarbon ion pairs in the gas phase. Its energetics has also been studied in four nonprotic solvents, through a continuum solvation model (CPCM). DFT and CASSCF calculations indicate a metastable and highly polar ion pair between the tricyclopropylcyclopropenylium cation and a simplified Kuhn's anion. The barrier to the covalent structure varies from ∼4.8 to 14.4 kcal/mol, while the energy difference between the ion pair and the covalent form varies from ∼4.3 to 25.4 kcal/mol. The obtained theoretical results along with previous experimental results suggest the following strategy to obtain kinetically and thermodynamically stable hydrocarbon ion pairs: choose very stable hydrocarbon ions and systematically increase the steric hindrance between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizete Ventura
- Departamento
de Química, CCEN, Universidade Federal
da Paraíba, 58059-900 João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Ezequiel Fragoso Vieira Leitão
- Unidade
Acadêmica de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Cajazeiras, PB 58900-000, Brazil
| | - Silmar Andrade do Monte
- Departamento
de Química, CCEN, Universidade Federal
da Paraíba, 58059-900 João Pessoa, Brazil
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73
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Williamson DL, Naylor CN, Nagy G. Sequencing Sialic Acid Positioning in Gangliosides by High-Resolution Cyclic Ion Mobility Separations Coupled with Multiple Collision-Induced Dissociation-Based Tandem Mass Spectrometry Strategies. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39137259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c03411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Gangliosides, a diverse class of glycosphingolipids, are highly abundant in neural tissue and have been implicated in numerous aging-related diseases. Their characterization with methods such as liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry is often precluded by their structural complexity, isomeric heterogeneity, and lack of commercially available authentic standards. In this work, we coupled high-resolution cyclic ion mobility spectrometry with multiple collision-induced dissociation-based tandem mass spectrometry strategies to sequence the sialic acid positions in various ganglioside isomers. Initially, as a proof-of-concept demonstration, we were able to characterize the sialic acid positions in several GD1 and GT1 species. From there, we extended our approach to identify the location of N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) residues in previously uncharacterized GD1 and GQ1 isomers. Our results highlight the potential of this presented methodology for the de novo characterization of gangliosides within complex biological matrices without the need for authentic standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Williamson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Cameron N Naylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Gabe Nagy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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74
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Vejerano EP, Ahn J, Scott GI. Aerosolized algal bloom toxins are not inert. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: ATMOSPHERES 2024:d4ea00078a. [PMID: 39169920 PMCID: PMC11331395 DOI: 10.1039/d4ea00078a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are projected to become increasingly prevalent, extending over longer periods and wider geographic regions due to the warming surface ocean water and other environmental factors, including but not limited to nutrient concentrations and runoff for marine and freshwater environments. Incidents of respiratory distress linked to the inhalation of marine aerosols containing HAB toxins have been documented, though the risk is typically associated with the original toxins. However, aerosolized toxins in micrometer and submicrometer particles are vulnerable to atmospheric processing. This processing can potentially degrade HAB toxins and produce byproducts with varying potencies compared to the parent toxins. The inhalation of aerosolized HAB toxins, especially in conjunction with co-morbid factors such as exposure to air pollutants from increased commercial activities in ports, may represent a significant exposure pathway for a considerable portion of the global population. Understanding the chemistry behind the transformation of these toxins can enhance public protection by improving the existing HAB alert systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric P Vejerano
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences USA +1-803-777-6360
| | - Jeonghyeon Ahn
- Center for Oceans and Human Health on Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina Columbia 29208 USA
| | - Geoffrey I Scott
- Center for Oceans and Human Health on Climate Change Interactions, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina Columbia 29208 USA
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75
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Yuan Q, Zhang Z, Kong X, Ling Z, Zhang H, Cheng L, Wang XB. Photodetachment photoelectron spectroscopy shows isomer-specific proton-coupled electron transfer reactions in phenolic nitrate complexes. Commun Chem 2024; 7:176. [PMID: 39122780 PMCID: PMC11315994 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The oxidation of phenolic compounds is one of the most important reactions prevalent in various biological processes, often explicitly coupled with proton transfers (PTs). Quantitative descriptions and molecular-level understanding of these proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions have been challenging. This work reports a direct observation of PCET in photodetachment (PD) photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) of hydrogen-bonded phenolic (ArOH) nitrate (NO3-) complexes, in which a much slower rising edge provides a spectroscopic signature to evidence PCET. Electronic structure calculations unveil the PCET processes to be isomer-specific, occurred only in those with their HOMOs localized on ArOH, leading to charge-separated transient states ArOH•+·NO3- triggered by ionizing phenols while simultaneously promoting PT from ArOH•+ to NO3-. Importantly, this study showcases that gas-phase PD-PES is a generic means enabling to identify PCET reactions with explicit structural and binding information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, China
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Ziheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Xiangtao Kong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, 455000, Anyang, China
| | - Zicheng Ling
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Hanhui Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Science Facilities, 518107, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Longjiu Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, China.
| | - Xue-Bin Wang
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.
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76
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Sandik G, Feist J, García-Vidal FJ, Schwartz T. Cavity-enhanced energy transport in molecular systems. NATURE MATERIALS 2024:10.1038/s41563-024-01962-5. [PMID: 39122930 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01962-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Molecules are the building blocks of all of nature's functional components, serving as the machinery that captures, stores and releases energy or converts it into useful work. However, molecules interact with each other over extremely short distances, which hinders the spread of energy across molecular systems. Conversely, photons are inert, but they are fast and can traverse large distances very efficiently. Using optical resonators, these distinct entities can be mixed with each other, opening a path to new architectures that benefit from both the active nature of molecules and the long-range transport obtained by the coupling with light. In this Review, we present the physics underlying the enhancement of energy transfer and energy transport in molecular systems, and highlight the experimental and theoretical advances in this field over the past decade. Finally, we identify several key questions and theoretical challenges that remain to be resolved via future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Sandik
- School of Chemistry, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Johannes Feist
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisco J García-Vidal
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Tal Schwartz
- School of Chemistry, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and Center for Light-Matter Interaction, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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77
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Dantus M. Ultrafast studies of elusive chemical reactions in the gas phase. Science 2024; 385:eadk1833. [PMID: 39116221 DOI: 10.1126/science.adk1833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The chemical composition of the interstellar medium and planetary atmospheres is constantly in flux as atoms and molecules collide and interact with high-energy particles such as electrons, protons, and photons. These transformative processes ultimately lead to the coalescence of molecules and eventually the birth of stars. Our understanding of these chemical ecosystems relies on models that synthesize data from gas-phase experiments, providing insights into reaction cross sections. This Review examines efforts to delve into the fundamental bond-forming and bond-breaking dynamics that occur during bimolecular and electron-initiated reactions. These experiments involve clever approaches to establish a time reference and the collision geometry necessary for tracking atomic motion with femtosecond time resolution. Findings from these efforts enhance present models and improve predictions for molecule-molecule and electron-molecule collisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Dantus
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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78
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Trejo M, Clifford A, Alfonso EG, Halberstadt N, Xue L, Kong W. Electron diffraction of foam-like clusters between xenon and helium in superfluid helium droplets. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:054306. [PMID: 39092938 DOI: 10.1063/5.0221682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
We report electron diffraction results of xenon clusters formed in superfluid helium droplets, with droplet sizes in the range of 105-106 atoms/droplet and xenon clusters from a few to a few hundred atoms. Under four different experimental conditions, the diffraction profiles can be fitted using four atom pairs of Xe. For the two experiments performed with higher helium contributions, the fittings with one pair of Xe-He and three pairs of Xe-Xe distances are statistically preferred compared with four pairs of Xe-Xe distances, while the other two experiments exhibit the opposite preference. In addition to the shortest pair distances corresponding to the van der Waals distances of Xe-He and Xe-Xe, the longer distances are in the range of the different arrangements of Xe-He-Xe and Xe-He-He-Xe. The number of independent atom pairs is too many for the small xenon clusters and too few for the large clusters. We consider these results evidence of xenon foam structures, with helium atoms stuck between Xe atoms. This possibility is confirmed by helium time-dependent density functional calculations. When the impact parameter of the second xenon atom is a few Angstroms or longer, the second xenon atom fails to penetrate the solvation shell of the first atom, resulting in a dimer with a few He atoms in between the two Xe atoms. In addition, our results for larger droplets point toward a multi-center growth process of dopant atoms or molecules, which is in agreement with previous proposals from theoretical calculations and experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Trejo
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - Andrew Clifford
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - Ernesto Garcia Alfonso
- Labo Collisions, Agrégats, Réactivité (LCAR) Université de Toulouse and CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 CEDEX 09 Toulouse, France
| | - Nadine Halberstadt
- Labo Collisions, Agrégats, Réactivité (LCAR) Université de Toulouse and CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 CEDEX 09 Toulouse, France
| | - Lan Xue
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
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79
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Butkovskaya NI, Setser DW. Vibrational relaxation of HOD by collisions with Ar atoms. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:054301. [PMID: 39087535 DOI: 10.1063/5.0218695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Vibrational relaxation of HOD(v12, v3) molecules by collisions with Ar was studied at 298 K (v12 denotes coupled bending, v2, and OD stretching, v1, vibrational modes and v3 denotes OH stretching mode). The vibrationally excited HOD molecules were generated by exothermic abstraction reactions of OD radicals with 13 different RH reactants and observed by infrared emission from a fast-flow reactor as a function of Ar pressure and reaction time. State-specific relaxation rate constants were obtained by comparison of the time evolution of the experimental vibrational distributions with numerical kinetic calculations for vibrational populations. The relaxation mechanism was based on the relaxation scheme of H2O studied earlier with the addition of specific channels for HOD(v12, v3). Unlike H2O, energy in stretching and bending vibrations of HOD cannot be separated due to close ν1 and 2ν2 energies, which leads to fast collisional equilibration between these Fermi-resonant levels. For relaxation of the only pure bending state (10), a rate constant of (1.5 ± 0.3) × 10-13 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 was obtained. The relaxation rate of higher v12 states linearly increases with quantum number and very likely includes transfer of population from OD stretch levels, v1, to a lower energy bend level. The average rate constants for the loss of population from (01), (02), and (03) stretching states are (1.1 ± 0.3) × 10-14, (3.2 ± 1.0) × 10-14, and (5.6 ± 1.2) × 10-14 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- N I Butkovskaya
- Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - D W Setser
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
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80
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Sengupta J, Hussain CM. Sensitive and selective detection of heavy metal ions and organic pollutants with graphene-integrated sensing platforms. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:14195-14212. [PMID: 39016018 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00956h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Graphene-based sensors have emerged as promising tools for environmental monitoring due to their exceptional properties such as high surface area, excellent electrical conductivity, and sensitivity to various analytes. This paper presents a review of recent advancements in the development and application of graphene-based sensors for the detection of heavy metal ions and organic pollutants. These sensors employ either graphene or its derivatives, often in combination with graphene hybrid nanocomposites, as the primary sensing material. The synthesis methods of graphene and sensing mechanisms of graphene-based sensors are discussed. Furthermore, performance metrics including the determination range and detection limits of these sensors are itemized. The potential challenges and future directions in the field of graphene-based sensors for environmental monitoring are also highlighted. Overall, this review provides valuable insights into the current state-of-the-art technologies and paves the way for the development of highly efficient and reliable sensors for environmental monitoring purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydip Sengupta
- Department of Electronic Science, Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri College, Kolkata - 700033, India.
| | - Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, 07102, New Jersey, USA.
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81
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Jiang Y, Cao W, Hu Z, Yue Z, Bai C, Li R, Liu Z, Wang XB, Peng P. A comprehensive study on three typical photoacid generators using photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:054311. [PMID: 39105554 DOI: 10.1063/5.0218918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Conducting a comprehensive molecular-level evaluation of a photoacid generator (PAG) and its subsequent impact on lithography performance can facilitate the rational design of a promising 193 nm photoresist tailored to specific requirements. In this study, we integrated spectroscopy and computational techniques to meticulously investigate the pivotal factors of three prototypical PAG anions, p-toluenesulfonate (pTS-), 2-(trifluoromethyl)benzene-1-sulfonate (TFMBS-), and triflate (TF-), in the lithography process. Our findings reveal a significant redshift in the absorption spectra caused by specific PAG anions, attributed to their involvement in electronic transition processes, thereby enhancing the transparency of the standard PAG cation, triphenylsulfonium (TPS+), particularly at ∼193 nm. Furthermore, the electronic stability of PAG anions can be enhanced by solvent effects with varying degrees of strength. We observed the lowest vertical detachment energy of 6.6 eV of pTS- in PGMEA solution based on the polarizable continuum model, which prevents anion loss at 193 nm lithography. In addition, our findings indicate gas-phase proton affinity values of 316.4 kcal/mol for pTS-, 308.1 kcal/mol for TFMBS-, and 303.2 kcal/mol for TF-, which suggest the increasing acidity strength, yet even the weakest acid pTS- is still stronger than strong acid HBr. The photolysis of TPS+-based PAG, TPS+·pTS-, generated an excited state leading to homolysis bond cleavage with the lowest reaction energy of 83 kcal/mol. Overall, the PAG anion pTS- displayed moderate acidity, possessed the lowest photolysis reaction energy, and demonstrated an appropriate redshift. These properties collectively render it a promising candidate for an effective acid producer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Jiang
- Center for Transformative Science, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wenjin Cao
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Zhubin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhongyao Yue
- Center for Transformative Science, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chunyuan Bai
- Center for Transformative Science, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ruxin Li
- Center for Transformative Science, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Center for Transformative Science, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xue-Bin Wang
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Peng Peng
- Center for Transformative Science, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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82
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Hasegawa S, Kanoda M, Tamura M, Hayashi K, Tokonami S, Iida T, Imura K. Plasmon dephasing time and optical field enhancement in a plasmonic nanobowl substrate studied by scanning near-field optical microscopy. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:054713. [PMID: 39105551 DOI: 10.1063/5.0216949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasmonic substrates have been extensively investigated due to their potential applications in fluorescence microscopy, chemical sensing, and photochemical reactions. The optical properties of the substrate depend on the spatial and temporal features of the plasmon excited. Hence, the ability to directly visualize plasmon dynamics is crucial. In this study, we investigated the spatial and temporal properties of plasmon excitation in a plasmonic nanobowl substrate consisting of a periodic hexagonal array of nanoscale bowl-like structures developed with self-assembly. Near-field transmission imaging revealed that multiple plasmon resonance bands are observed from visible to near-infrared spectral region, and the optical contrast of the image is dependent on the observed band. Near-field two-photon photoluminescence microscopy revealed that the probability of excitation inside each nanoscale bowl-like structure is greater than that in the surrounding area. Near-field time-resolved imaging revealed that the nanobowl substrate exhibited a substantially long plasmon dephasing time, exceeding 12 fs. Based on the spectral features of the near-field and far-field spectra, we found that optically dark plasmon mode is excited by the near-field illumination and only partly contributes to the long dephasing time observed. This fact indicates that the dephasing time is extended by some other mechanism in the periodic substrate. We revealed from this study that the enhanced optical fields induced in the nanobowl structure originate from the photosynergetic effect of the cavity mode and plasmon mode excited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiju Hasegawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1, Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kanoda
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2, Gakuencho, Naka, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
- Research Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2, Gakuencho, Naka, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2, Gakuencho, Naka, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tamura
- Research Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2, Gakuencho, Naka, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
- Department of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kota Hayashi
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2, Gakuencho, Naka, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
- Research Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2, Gakuencho, Naka, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2, Gakuencho, Naka, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Shiho Tokonami
- Research Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2, Gakuencho, Naka, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2, Gakuencho, Naka, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Takuya Iida
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2, Gakuencho, Naka, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
- Research Institute for Light-induced Acceleration System (RILACS), Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2, Gakuencho, Naka, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Kohei Imura
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1, Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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83
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Panchagnula K, Graf D, Johnson ER, Thom AJW. Targeting spectroscopic accuracy for dispersion bound systems from ab initio techniques: Translational eigenstates of Ne@C70. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:054308. [PMID: 39092939 DOI: 10.1063/5.0223298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigate the endofullerene system Ne@C70 by constructing a three-dimensional Potential Energy Surface (PES) describing the translational motion of the Ne atom. This is constructed from electronic structure calculations from a plethora of methods, including MP2, SCS-MP2, SOS-MP2, RPA@PBE, and C(HF)-RPA, which were previously used for He@C60 in Panchagnula et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 160, 104303 (2024)], alongside B86bPBE-25X-XDM and B86bPBE-50X-XDM. The reduction in symmetry moving from C60 to C70 introduces a double well potential along the anisotropic direction, which forms a test of the sensitivity and effectiveness of the electronic structure methods. The nuclear Hamiltonian is diagonalized using a symmetrized double minimum basis set outlined in Panchagnula and Thom [J. Chem. Phys. 159, 164308 (2023)], with translational energies having error bars ±1 and ±2 cm-1. We find no consistency between electronic structure methods as they find a range of barrier heights and minima positions of the double well and different translational eigenspectra, which also differ from the Lennard-Jones (LJ) PES given in Mandziuk and Bačić [J. Chem. Phys. 101, 2126-2140 (1994)]. We find that generating effective LJ parameters for each electronic structure method cannot reproduce the full PES nor recreate the eigenstates, and this suggests that the LJ form of the PES, while simple, may not be best suited to describe these systems. Even though MP2 and RPA@PBE performed best for He@C60, due to the lack of concordance between all electronic structure methods, we require more experimental data in order to properly validate the choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Panchagnula
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - D Graf
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - E R Johnson
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6243 Alumni Crescent, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - A J W Thom
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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84
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Yang P, Kumarasiri A, Hore D. Surface populations as a model for the distance-dependence of the interfacial refractive index. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:054703. [PMID: 39087546 DOI: 10.1063/5.0221234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Vibrational sum frequency spectra provide information about interfaces that is sensitive to the orientation of molecules, their electronic environment, and the local electric fields. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations in order to study a surfactant, para-cyanophenol, at the air-water interface. The volume fractions of water and the organic surfactant are considered at various points over the nanometer-scale region in a Lorentz-Lorenz model. We find that the calculated ratios of nonlinear susceptibility tensor elements are in agreement with experimental data only when this depth profile was considered. We also use these data to evaluate the ratio of the C-N hyperpolarizability tensor elements in the interfacial region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Aruna Kumarasiri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Dennis Hore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3P6, Canada
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85
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Tang B, Bai Q, Fang YG, Francisco JS, Zhu C, Fang WH. Mechanistic Insights into N 2O 5-Halide Ions Chemistry at the Air-Water Interface. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:21742-21751. [PMID: 39074151 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
The activation of halogens (X = Cl, Br, I) by N2O5 is linked to NOx sources, ozone concentrations, NO3 reactivity, and the chemistry of halide-containing aerosol particles. However, a detailed chemical mechanism is still lacking. Herein, we explored the chemistry of the N2O5···X- systems at the air-water interface. Two different reaction pathways were identified for the reaction of N2O5 with X- at the air-water interface: the formation of XNO2 or XONO, along with NO3-. In the case of the Cl- system, the ClNO2 generation pathway is more favorable, while for the Br- and I- systems, the formation of BrONO and IONO is barrierless, making them the predominant products. Furthermore, the mechanisms of formation of X2 from XNO2 and XONO were also investigated. The high energy barriers of reactions and the high free energies of the products compared to those of the reactants indicate that ClNO2 is stable at the air-water interface. Contrary to the widely held belief regarding X2 producing from the reaction of XNO2 with X-, our calculations demonstrate that BrONO and IONO initially form stable BrONO···Br- and IONO···I- complexes, which then subsequently react with Br- and I- to form Br3- and I3-, respectively. Finally, Br3- and I3- decompose to form Br2 and I2. These findings have significant implications for experimental interpretation and offer new insights into halogen cycling in the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qi Bai
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ye-Guang Fang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Joseph S Francisco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Chongqin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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86
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Schön JC. Energy landscapes-Past, present, and future: A perspective. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:050901. [PMID: 39101536 DOI: 10.1063/5.0212867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Energy landscapes and the closely related cost function landscapes have been recognized in science, mathematics, and various other fields such as economics as being highly useful paradigms and tools for the description and analysis of the properties of many systems, ranging from glasses, proteins, and abstract global optimization problems to business models. A multitude of algorithms for the exploration and exploitation of such landscapes have been developed over the past five decades in the various fields of applications, where many re-inventions but also much cross-fertilization have occurred. Twenty-five years ago, trying to increase the fruitful interactions between workers in different fields led to the creation of workshops and small conferences dedicated to the study of energy landscapes in general instead of only focusing on specific applications. In this perspective, I will present some history of the development of energy landscape studies and try to provide an outlook on in what directions the field might evolve in the future and what larger challenges are going to lie ahead, both from a conceptual and a practical point of view, with the main focus on applications of energy landscapes in chemistry and physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Schön
- Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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87
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Shu Y, Varga Z, Parameswaran AM, Truhlar DG. Fitting of Coupled Potential Energy Surfaces via Discovery of Companion Matrices by Machine Intelligence. J Chem Theory Comput 2024. [PMID: 39106186 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Fitting coupled potential energy surfaces is a critical step in simulating electronically nonadiabatic chemical reactions and energy transfer processes. Analytic representation of coupled potential energy surfaces enables one to perform detailed dynamics calculations. Traditionally, fitting is performed in a diabatic representation to avoid fitting the cuspidal ridges of coupled adiabatic potential energy surfaces at conical intersection seams. In this work, we provide an alternative approach by carrying out fitting in the adiabatic representation using a modified version of the Frobenius companion matrices, whose usage was first proposed by Opalka and Domcke. Their work involved minimizing the errors in fits of the characteristic polynomial coefficients (CPCs) and diagonalizing the resulting companion matrix, whose eigenvalues are adiabatic potential energies. We show, however, that this may lead to complex eigenvalues and spurious discontinuities. To alleviate this problem, we provide a new procedure for the automatic discovery of CPCs and the diagonalization of a companion matrix by using a special neural network architecture. The method effectively allows analytic representation of global coupled adiabatic potential energy surfaces and their gradients with only adiabatic energy input and without experience-based selection of a diabatization scheme. We demonstrate that the new procedure, called the companion matrix neural network (CMNN), is successful by showing applications to LiH, H3, phenol, and thiophenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Shu
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Zoltan Varga
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Aiswarya M Parameswaran
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
| | - Donald G Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Theory Center, and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431, United States
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88
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Kruse SM, Tumminello PR, Moore AN, Lee C, Prather KA, Slade JH. Effects of Relative Humidity and Phase on the Molecular Detection of Nascent Sea Spray Aerosol Using Extractive Electrospray Ionization. Anal Chem 2024; 96:12901-12907. [PMID: 39047064 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Online mass spectrometry techniques, such as extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (EESI-MS), present an attractive alternative for analyzing aerosol molecular composition due to reduced aerosol sample collection and handling times and improved time resolution. Recent studies show a dependence of EESI-MS sensitivity on particle size and mixing state. This study measured authentic sea spray aerosol (SSA) components generated during a phytoplankton bloom, specifically glycerol, palmitic acid, and potassium ions. We demonstrate temporal variability and trends dependent on specific biological processes occurring in seawater. We found that the EESI-MS sensitivity, after adjusting for pressure variations at the inlet and normalizing to the reagent ion, critically depends on the sample's relative humidity. Relevant SSA species exhibited heightened sensitivity at an elevated relative humidity near the deliquescence relative humidity of sea salt and poorer sensitivity with sparse detection below the efflorescence relative humidity. Modeling the reagent ion's diffusive depth demonstrates that the sample aerosol particle viscosity governs the relative humidity dependence because it modulates the particle's coagulation efficiency and distance the reagent ion diffuses and reacts with components in the particle bulk. The effects of particle size and mixing state are discussed, revealing improved sensitivity of phase-separated components present along the particle surface. This work highlights the importance of the particle phase state in detecting and quantifying molecular components within authentic and complex aerosol particles and the utility of EESI-MS for measuring SSA composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Kruse
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Paul R Tumminello
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Alexia N Moore
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Christopher Lee
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Deigo, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Kimberly A Prather
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Deigo, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jonathan H Slade
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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89
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Bregnhøj M, Thorning F, Ogilby PR. Singlet Oxygen Photophysics: From Liquid Solvents to Mammalian Cells. Chem Rev 2024. [PMID: 39106038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Molecular oxygen, O2, has long provided a cornerstone for studies in chemistry, physics, and biology. Although the triplet ground state, O2(X3Σg-), has garnered much attention, the lowest excited electronic state, O2(a1Δg), commonly called singlet oxygen, has attracted appreciable interest, principally because of its unique chemical reactivity in systems ranging from the Earth's atmosphere to biological cells. Because O2(a1Δg) can be produced and deactivated in processes that involve light, the photophysics of O2(a1Δg) are equally important. Moreover, pathways for O2(a1Δg) deactivation that regenerate O2(X3Σg-), which address fundamental principles unto themselves, kinetically compete with the chemical reactions of O2(a1Δg) and, thus, have practical significance. Due to technological advances (e.g., lasers, optical detectors, microscopes), data acquired in the past ∼20 years have increased our understanding of O2(a1Δg) photophysics appreciably and facilitated both spatial and temporal control over the behavior of O2(a1Δg). One goal of this Review is to summarize recent developments that have broad ramifications, focusing on systems in which oxygen forms a contact complex with an organic molecule M (e.g., a liquid solvent). An important concept is the role played by the M+•O2-• charge-transfer state in both the formation and deactivation of O2(a1Δg).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikkel Bregnhøj
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 140 Langelandsgade, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Frederik Thorning
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 140 Langelandsgade, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Peter R Ogilby
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 140 Langelandsgade, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
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90
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Rivera RBP, Unabia RB, Reazo RLD, Lapening MA, Lumod RM, Ruda AG, Omping JL, Magdadaro MRD, Sayson NLB, Latayada FS, Capangpangan RY, Dumancas GG, Malaluan RM, Lubguban AA, Petalcorin GC, Alguno AC. Influence of the Gold Nanoparticle Size on the Colorimetric Detection of Histamine. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:33652-33661. [PMID: 39130583 PMCID: PMC11307984 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Histamine is a well-known biogenic amine (BA) that is often associated with allergic reactions and is a significant cause of foodborne illnesses resulting from the consumption of spoiled food. Detecting histamine is essential for maintaining food safety standards and preserving the quality. In this work, we developed a simple, low-cost, and rapid colorimetric method for detecting histamine. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) of different sizes (16, 25, and 40 nm) were synthesized by using the citrate reduction method. The particle size was controlled by adjusting the precursor molar ratio (MR), with smaller ratios leading to larger particles and a red-shift in the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak (520, 524, and 528 nm). The nanoparticles were allowed to interact with increasing concentrations of histamine (ranging from 1 to 100 ppm), and the changes in the absorbance spectra and color of the solution were monitored. AuNP aggregation was induced by interaction with histamine through amino and imidazole groups that will coordinate with the AuNP's surface via electrostatic and hydrogen-bonding interactions, causing the solution to turn blue from red. The size variations of AuNPs significantly affected the colorimetric response to histamine. Among the varied sizes, 25 nm AuNPs exhibited the lowest detection limit of 0.72 μM and a linear detection range of 1-10 ppm. Notably, this sensor offered rapid detection (under 1 min) and a remarkable selectivity toward histamine analyte, highlighting its potential for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolen Brian P. Rivera
- Research
Center for Energy Efficient Materials (RCEEM), Premier Research Institute
of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao
State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
- Department
of Physics, Mindanao State University-Iligan
Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
| | - Romnick B. Unabia
- Research
Center for Energy Efficient Materials (RCEEM), Premier Research Institute
of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao
State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
| | - Renzo Luis D. Reazo
- Research
Center for Energy Efficient Materials (RCEEM), Premier Research Institute
of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao
State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
| | - Melbagrace A. Lapening
- Research
Center for Energy Efficient Materials (RCEEM), Premier Research Institute
of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao
State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
| | - Ryan M. Lumod
- Research
Center for Energy Efficient Materials (RCEEM), Premier Research Institute
of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao
State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
- Department
of Physics, Mindanao State University-Iligan
Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
| | - Archie G. Ruda
- Research
Center for Energy Efficient Materials (RCEEM), Premier Research Institute
of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao
State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
| | - Jahor L. Omping
- Research
Center for Energy Efficient Materials (RCEEM), Premier Research Institute
of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao
State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
| | - Miceh Rose D. Magdadaro
- Research
Center for Energy Efficient Materials (RCEEM), Premier Research Institute
of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao
State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
- Department
of Physics, Mindanao State University-Iligan
Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
| | - Noel Lito B. Sayson
- Research
Center for Energy Efficient Materials (RCEEM), Premier Research Institute
of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao
State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
- Department
of Physics, Mindanao State University-Iligan
Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
| | - Felmer S. Latayada
- Department
of Chemistry, Caraga State University, Butuan City 8600, Philippines
| | - Rey Y. Capangpangan
- Department
of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, College of Marine and Allied
Sciences, Mindanao State University at Naawan, Naawan 9023, Misamis Oriental, Philippines
| | - Gerard G. Dumancas
- Department
of Chemistry, Loyola Science Center, The
University of Scranton, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18510, United States
| | - Roberto M. Malaluan
- Research
Center for Energy Efficient Materials (RCEEM), Premier Research Institute
of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao
State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
- Center for
Sustainable Polymers, MSU-Iligan Institute
of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines
| | - Arnold A. Lubguban
- Research
Center for Energy Efficient Materials (RCEEM), Premier Research Institute
of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao
State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
- Center for
Sustainable Polymers, MSU-Iligan Institute
of Technology, Iligan City 9200, Philippines
| | - Gaudencio C. Petalcorin
- Department of Mathematics
and Statistics, Mindanao State University-Iligan
Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
| | - Arnold C. Alguno
- Research
Center for Energy Efficient Materials (RCEEM), Premier Research Institute
of Science and Mathematics (PRISM), Mindanao
State University-Iligan Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
- Department
of Physics, Mindanao State University-Iligan
Institute of Technology, 9200 Iligan City, Philippines
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91
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Xu R, Jiang Z, Yang Q, Bloino J, Biczysko M. Harmonic and anharmonic vibrational computations for biomolecular building blocks: Benchmarking DFT and basis sets by theoretical and experimental IR spectrum of glycine conformers. J Comput Chem 2024; 45:1846-1869. [PMID: 38682874 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Advanced vibrational spectroscopic experiments have reached a level of sophistication that can only be matched by numerical simulations in order to provide an unequivocal analysis, a crucial step to understand the structure-function relationship of biomolecules. While density functional theory (DFT) has become the standard method when targeting medium-size or larger systems, the problem of its reliability and accuracy are well-known and have been abundantly documented. To establish a reliable computational protocol, especially when accuracy is critical, a tailored benchmark is usually required. This is generally done over a short list of known candidates, with the basis set often fixed a priori. In this work, we present a systematic study of the performance of DFT-based hybrid and double-hybrid functionals in the prediction of vibrational energies and infrared intensities at the harmonic level and beyond, considering anharmonic effects through vibrational perturbation theory at the second order. The study is performed for the six-lowest energy glycine conformers, utilizing available "state-of-the-art" accurate theoretical and experimental data as reference. Focusing on the most intense fundamental vibrations in the mid-infrared range of glycine conformers, the role of the basis sets is also investigated considering the balance between computational cost and accuracy. Targeting larger systems, a broad range of hybrid schemes with different computational costs is also tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqin Xu
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Qin Yang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Science, Prague, Czechia
| | - Julien Bloino
- Classe di Scienze, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Malgorzata Biczysko
- Department of Physics, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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92
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Aliverti-Piuri D, Chatterjee K, Ding L, Liao K, Liebert J, Schilling C. What can quantum information theory offer to quantum chemistry? Faraday Discuss 2024. [PMID: 39099471 DOI: 10.1039/d4fd00059e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
It is the ultimate goal of this work to foster synergy between quantum chemistry and the flourishing field of quantum information theory. For this, we first translate quantum information concepts, such as entanglement and correlation, into the context of quantum chemical systems. In particular, we establish two conceptually distinct perspectives on 'electron correlation', leading to a notion of orbital and particle correlation. We then demonstrate that particle correlation equals total orbital correlation minimized over all orbital bases. Accordingly, particle correlation resembles the minimal, thus intrinsic, complexity of many-electron wave functions, while orbital correlation quantifies their complexity relative to a basis. We illustrate these concepts of intrinsic and extrinsic correlation complexity in molecular systems, which also manifests the crucial link between the two correlation pictures. Our results provide theoretical justification for the long-favored natural orbitals for simplifying electronic structures, and open new pathways for developing more efficient approaches towards the electron correlation problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Aliverti-Piuri
- Department of Physics, Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Theresienstrasse 37, 80333 München, Germany.
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstrasse 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - Kaustav Chatterjee
- Department of Physics, Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Theresienstrasse 37, 80333 München, Germany.
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstrasse 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - Lexin Ding
- Department of Physics, Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Theresienstrasse 37, 80333 München, Germany.
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstrasse 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - Ke Liao
- Department of Physics, Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Theresienstrasse 37, 80333 München, Germany.
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstrasse 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - Julia Liebert
- Department of Physics, Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Theresienstrasse 37, 80333 München, Germany.
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstrasse 4, 80799 München, Germany
| | - Christian Schilling
- Department of Physics, Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Theresienstrasse 37, 80333 München, Germany.
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstrasse 4, 80799 München, Germany
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93
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Guidry LM, Bardash LA, Yigiter A, Ravi S, Marchetti B, Karsili TNV. The role of solar photolysis in the atmospheric removal of methacrolein oxide and the methacrolein oxide-water van-der Waals complex in pristine environments. Photochem Photobiol 2024. [PMID: 39095969 DOI: 10.1111/php.14007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Biogenic hydrocarbons are emitted into the Earth's atmosphere by terrestrial vegetation as by-products of photosynthesis. Isoprene is one such hydrocarbon and is the second most abundant volatile organic compound emitted into the atmosphere (after methane). Reaction with ozone represents an important atmospheric sink for isoprene removal, forming carbonyl oxides (Criegee intermediates) with extended conjugation. In this manuscript, we argue that the extended conjugation of these Criegee intermediates enables electronic excitation of these compounds, on timescales that are competitive with their slow unimolecular decay and bimolecular chemistry. We show that the complexation of methacrolein oxide with water enhances the absorption cross section of the otherwise dark S1 state, potentially revealing a new avenue for forming lower volatility compounds via tropospherically relevant photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily M Guidry
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
| | | | - Aylin Yigiter
- University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
- St. Thomas More Catholic High School, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
| | - Satyam Ravi
- School of Advanced Science and Languages, VIT Bhopal University, Sehore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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94
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Szenes K, Mörchen M, Fischill P, Reiher M. Striking the right balance of encoding electron correlation in the Hamiltonian and the wavefunction ansatz. Faraday Discuss 2024. [PMID: 39092888 DOI: 10.1039/d4fd00060a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Multi-configurational electronic structure theory delivers the most versatile approximations to many-electron wavefunctions, flexible enough to deal with all sorts of transformations, ranging from electronic excitations, to open-shell molecules and chemical reactions. Multi-configurational models are therefore essential to establish universally applicable, predictive ab initio methods for chemistry. Here, we present a discussion of explicit correlation approaches which address the nagging problem of dealing with static and dynamic electron correlation in multi-configurational active-space approaches. We review the latest developments and then point to their key obstacles. Our discussion is supported by new data obtained with tensor network methods. We argue in favor of simple electron-only correlator expressions that may allow one to define transcorrelated models in which the correlator does not bear a dependence on molecular structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalman Szenes
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Maximilian Mörchen
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Paul Fischill
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Markus Reiher
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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95
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Haug T, Kim MS. Generalization of Quantum Machine Learning Models Using Quantum Fisher Information Metric. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 133:050603. [PMID: 39159110 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.133.050603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
Generalization is the ability of machine learning models to make accurate predictions on new data by learning from training data. However, understanding generalization of quantum machine learning models has been a major challenge. Here, we introduce the data quantum Fisher information metric (DQFIM). It describes the capacity of variational quantum algorithms depending on variational ansatz, training data, and their symmetries. We apply the DQFIM to quantify circuit parameters and training data needed to successfully train and generalize. Using the dynamical Lie algebra, we explain how to generalize using a low number of training states. Counterintuitively, breaking symmetries of the training data can help to improve generalization. Finally, we find that out-of-distribution generalization, where training and testing data are drawn from different data distributions, can be better than using the same distribution. Our work provides a useful framework to explore the power of quantum machine learning models.
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96
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Conte R, Aieta C, Cazzaniga M, Ceotto M. A Perspective on the Investigation of Spectroscopy and Kinetics of Complex Molecular Systems with Semiclassical Approaches. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:7566-7576. [PMID: 39024505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
In this Perspective we show that semiclassical methods provide a rigorous hierarchical way to study the vibrational spectroscopy and kinetics of complex molecular systems. The time averaged approach to spectroscopy and the semiclassical transition state theory for kinetics, which have been first adopted and then further developed in our group, provide accurate quantum results on rigorous physical grounds and can be applied even when dealing with a large number of degrees of freedom. In spectroscopy, the multiple coherent, divide-and-conquer, and adiabatically switched semiclassical approaches have practically permitted overcoming issues related to the convergence of results. In this Perspective we demonstrate the possibility of studying the semiclassical vibrational spectroscopy of a molecule adsorbed on an anatase (101) surface, a system made of 51 atoms. In kinetics, the semiclassical transition state theory is able to account for anharmonicity and the coupling between the reactive and bound modes. Our group has developed this technique for practical applications involving the study of phenomena like kinetic isotope effect, heavy atom tunneling, and elusive conformer lifetimes. Here, we show that our multidimensional anharmonic quantum approach is able to tackle on-the-fly the thermal kinetic rate constant of a 135 degree-of-freedom system. Overall, semiclassical methods open up the possibility to describe at the quantum mechanical level systems characterized by hundreds of degrees of freedom leading to the accurate spectroscopic and kinetic description of biomolecules and complex molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Conte
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Aieta
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Cazzaniga
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Michele Ceotto
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy
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97
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Vogelsberg E, Griebel J, Engelmann I, Bauer J, Taube F, Corzilius B, Zahn S, Kahnt A, Monakhov KY. Reversible Optical Switching of Polyoxovanadates and Their Communication via Photoexcited States. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401595. [PMID: 38868906 PMCID: PMC11321688 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The 2-bit Lindqvist-type polyoxometalate (POM) [V6O13((OCH2)3CCH2N3)2]2- with a diamagnetic {V6O19} core and azide termini shows six fully oxidized VV centers in solution as well as the solid state, according to 51V NMR spectroscopy. Under UV irradiation, it exhibits reversible switching between its ground S0 state and the energetically higher lying states in acetonitrile and water solutions. TD-DFT calculations demonstrate that this process is mainly initialized by excitation from the S0 to S9 state. Pulse radiolysis transient absorption spectroscopy experiments with a solvated electron point out photochemically induced charge disproportionation of VV into VIV and electron communication between the POM molecules via their excited states. The existence of this unique POM-to-POM electron communication is also indicated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies on gold-metalized silicon wafers (Au//SiO2//Si) under ambient conditions. The amount of reduced vanadium centers in the "confined" environment increases substantially after beam irradiation with soft X-rays compared to non-irradiated samples. The excited state of one POM anion seems to give rise to subsequent electron transfer from another POM anion. However, this reaction is prohibited as soon as the relaxed T1 state of the POM is reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Vogelsberg
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM)Permoserstr. 1504318LeipzigGermany
| | - Jan Griebel
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM)Permoserstr. 1504318LeipzigGermany
| | - Iryna Engelmann
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM)Permoserstr. 1504318LeipzigGermany
| | - Jens Bauer
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM)Permoserstr. 1504318LeipzigGermany
| | - Florian Taube
- Institute of Chemistry and Department of LifeLight & MatterUniversity of RostockAlbert‐Einstein‐Str. 25–2718059RostockGermany
| | - Björn Corzilius
- Institute of Chemistry and Department of LifeLight & MatterUniversity of RostockAlbert‐Einstein‐Str. 25–2718059RostockGermany
- Leibniz‐Institute of Catalysis (LIKAT)Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 29a18059RostockGermany
| | - Stefan Zahn
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM)Permoserstr. 1504318LeipzigGermany
| | - Axel Kahnt
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM)Permoserstr. 1504318LeipzigGermany
| | - Kirill Yu. Monakhov
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM)Permoserstr. 1504318LeipzigGermany
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98
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Lin SY. Quantum Dynamics of O( 3P)+HBr→OH+Br Reaction: Integral Cross Sections and Rate Constants and their Initial State Dependence. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202400369. [PMID: 38702290 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
The integral cross sections (ICSs) and rate constants (RCs) for the title reaction are calculated by means of accurate quantum wave packet method employing the recent ab initio potential energy surface developed by Peterson and co-workers. Hundreds of partial wave contributions (up to J=150) are calculated explicitly taking Coriolis coupling into account. The ICSs are found to increase monotonically with energy and their energy dependences are smooth except in the energy range below the potential energy barrier, where several resonance peaks are observed. The temperature dependences of the RCs obey in general the Arrhenius law. These behaviors manifest the dominance of abstract mechanism. Initial rotational state (ji) excitations are found to greatly enhance the reactivity starting from ji=4, while exhibiting a complicated dependence for ji<4. From Boltzmann average of the initial state specified RCs (for ji=0-15) we obtained thermal RCs which are in reasonable agreement with available experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Ying Lin
- School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
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99
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Mukhopadhyay J, Bhagat S, Sahoo SC, Bharatam PV. L→S Coordination Complexes Containing Benzothiazol-2-ylidene Ligand: Quantum Chemical Analysis and Synthesis. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202400150. [PMID: 38554142 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202400150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
(NHC)→E coordination interactions were known where NHC is an N-heterocyclic carbene, and E is a main group element (B, C, N, Si, P). Recently, it was suggested that compounds with (NHC)→S coordination chemistry are also possible. This work reports quantum chemical analysis and synthesis of (NHC)→S-R(+) complexes in which benzothiazol-2-ylidene acts as a ligand. A Density functional study established that (NHC)→S interaction can best be described as a coordination interaction. Synthetic efforts were made, initially, to generate divalent sulfur compounds containing benzothiazole substituents. N-alkylation of the heterocyclic ring in these sulfides using methyl triflate led to the generation of the desired products with (NHC)→S coordination chemistry, which involves the in situ generation of NHC ring ligands. The observed changes in the 13C NMR spectra, before and after methylation, confirmed the change in the electronic character of the C-S bond from a covalent character to a coordination character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S., Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Srikant Bhagat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S., Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India
| | - Subash C Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector 67, S. A. S., Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India
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100
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Hutchison CDM, Perrett S, van Thor JJ. XFEL Beamline Optical Instrumentation for Ultrafast Science. J Phys Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39087627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Free electron lasers operating in the soft and hard X-ray regime provide capabilities for ultrafast science in many areas, including X-ray spectroscopy, diffractive imaging, solution and material scattering, and X-ray crystallography. Ultrafast time-resolved applications in the picosecond, femtosecond, and attosecond regimes are often possible using single-shot experimental configurations. Aside from X-ray pump and X-ray probe measurements, all other types of ultrafast experiments require the synchronized operation of pulsed laser excitation for resonant or nonresonant pumping. This Perspective focuses on the opportunities for the optical control of structural dynamics by applying techniques from nonlinear spectroscopy to ultrafast X-ray experiments. This typically requires the synthesis of two or more optical pulses with full control of pulse and interpulse parameters. To this end, full characterization of the femtosecond optical pulses is also highly desirable. It has recently been shown that two-color and two-pulse femtosecond excitation of fluorescent protein crystals allowed a Tannor-Rice coherent control experiment, performed under characterized conditions. Pulse shaping and the ability to synthesize multicolor and multipulse conditions are highly desirable and would enable XFEL facilities to offer capabilities for structural dynamics. This Perspective will give a summary of examples of the types of experiments that could be achieved, and it will additionally summarize the laser, pulse shaping, and characterization that would be recommended as standard equipment for time-resolved XFEL beamlines, with an emphasis on ultrafast time-resolved serial femtosecond crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D M Hutchison
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Perrett
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jasper J van Thor
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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