1051
|
Carthon MB. Making ENDS Meet: community networks and health promotion among Blacks in the city of Brotherly Love. Am J Public Health 2011; 101:1392-401. [PMID: 21680936 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2011.300125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This historical inquiry illustrates the power of social networks by examining the Starr Centre and the Whittier Centre, two civic associations that operated in Philadelphia during the early 20th century, a time when Black Americans faced numerous public health threats. Efforts to address those threats included health initiatives forged through collaborative social networks involving civic associations, health professionals, and members of Black communities. Such networks provided access to important resources and served as cornerstones of health promotion activities in many large cities. I trace the origins of these two centers, the development of their programs, their establishment of ties with Black community residents, and the relationship between strong community ties and the development of community health initiatives. Clinicians, researchers, and community health activists can draw on these historical precedents to address contemporary public health concerns by identifying community strengths, leveraging social networks, mobilizing community members, training community leaders, and building partnerships with indigenous community organizations.
Collapse
|
1052
|
Allen ML, Culhane-Pera KA, Pergament SL, Call KT. Facilitating research faculty participation in CBPR: development of a model based on key informant interviews. Clin Transl Sci 2011; 3:233-8. [PMID: 21500397 DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-8062.2010.00231.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Community-based participatory research (CBPR) may enhance the translational research process; however, this would require increased institutional capacity for community engaged research. In this paper, we fi rst present results of key informant interviews with academic health center faculty regarding facilitators to faculty participation in CBPR partnerships and then propose a model arising from these results describing how increased capacity may be achieved. Participants were 13 key informant faculty of varying levels of expertise in CBPR at a large university academic health center. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. A thematic content analysis of each interview was conducted by research team members. Facilitators reported by faculty representing fi ve health science schools were grouped into fi ve thematic areas: (1) researcher personal attributes including an innate orientation toward working with community, (2) positive attitudes toward collaboration, (3) a partnership-building skill set, (4) community partners who are ready and eager to collaborate, and (5) supportive institutional policies and procedures. We propose a model describing the relationship between personal attributes, learned/environmental factors, and community facilitators that may be utilized to promote increased institutional capacity for CBPR and thus increase the likelihood of the successful translation of research findings into community settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele L Allen
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
1053
|
Zoellner JM, Connell CC, Madson MB, Wang B, Reed VB, Molaison EF, Yadrick K. H.U.B city steps: methods and early findings from a community-based participatory research trial to reduce blood pressure among African Americans. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2011; 8:59. [PMID: 21663652 PMCID: PMC3127969 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-8-59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community-based participatory research (CBPR) has been recognized as an important approach to develop and execute health interventions among marginalized populations, and a key strategy to translate research into practice to help reduce health disparities. Despite growing interest in the CBPR approach, CBPR initiatives rarely use experimental or other rigorous research designs to evaluate health outcomes. This behavioral study describes the conceptual frameworks, methods, and early findings related to the reach, adoption, implementation, and effectiveness on primary blood pressure outcomes. METHODS The CBPR, social support, and motivational interviewing frameworks are applied to test treatment effects of a two-phased CBPR walking intervention, including a 6-month active intervention quasi experimental phase and 12-month maintenance randomized controlled trial phase to test dose effects of motivational interviewing. A community advisory board helped develop and execute the culturally-appropriate intervention components which included social support walking groups led by peer coaches, pedometer diary self-monitoring, monthly diet and physical activity education sessions, and individualized motivational interviewing sessions. Although the study is on-going, three month data is available and reported. Analyses include descriptive statistics and paired t tests. RESULTS Of 269 enrolled participants, most were African American (94%) females (85%) with a mean age of 43.8 (SD = 12.1) years. Across the 3 months, 90% of all possible pedometer diaries were submitted. Attendance at the monthly education sessions was approximately 33%. At the 3-month follow-up 227 (84%) participants were retained. From baseline to 3-months, systolic BP [126.0 (SD = 19.1) to 120.3 (SD = 17.9) mmHg; p < 0.001] and diastolic BP [83. 2 (SD = 12.3) to 80.2 (SD = 11.6) mmHg; p < 0.001] were significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS This CBPR study highlights implementation factors and signifies the community's active participation in the development and execution of this study. Reach and representativeness of enrolled participants are discussed. Adherence to pedometer diary self-monitoring was better than education session participation. Significant decreases in the primary blood pressure outcomes demonstrate early effectiveness. Importantly, future analyses will evaluate long-term effectiveness of this CBPR behavioral intervention on health outcomes, and help inform the translational capabilities of CBPR efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie M Zoellner
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, 1981 Kraft Drive (0913), Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
1054
|
Marantz PR, Strelnick AH, Currie B, Bhalla R, Blank AE, Meissner P, Selwyn PA, Walker EA, Hsu DT, Shamoon H. Developing a multidisciplinary model of comparative effectiveness research within a clinical and translational science award. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2011; 86:712-717. [PMID: 21512360 PMCID: PMC3102772 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0b013e318217ea82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSAs) were initiated to improve the conduct and impact of the National Institutes of Health's research portfolio, transforming training programs and research infrastructure at academic institutions and creating a nationwide consortium. They provide a model for translating research across disciplines and offer an efficient and powerful platform for comparative effectiveness research (CER), an effort that has long struggled but enjoys renewed hope under health care reform. CTSAs include study design and methods expertise, informatics, and regulatory support; programs in education, training, and career development in domains central to CER; and programs in community engagement.Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University and Montefiore Medical Center have entered a formal partnership that places their CTSA at a critical intersection for clinical and translational research. Their CTSA leaders were asked to develop a strategy for enhancing CER activities, and in 2010 they developed a model that encompasses four broadly defined "compartments" of research strength that must be coordinated for this enterprise to succeed: evaluation and health services research, biobehavioral research and prevention, efficacy studies and clinical trials, and social science and implementation research.This article provides historical context for CER, elucidates Einstein-Montefiore's CER model and strategic planning efforts, and illustrates how a CTSA can provide vision, leadership, coordination, and services to support an academic health center's collaborative efforts to develop a robust CER portfolio and thus contribute to the national effort to improve health and health care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Marantz
- Departments of Epidemiology and Population Health and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
1055
|
Gardner K, Bailie R, Si D, O'Donoghue L, Kennedy C, Liddle H, Cox R, Kwedza R, Fittock M, Hains J, Dowden M, Connors C, Burke H, Beaver C. Reorienting primary health care for addressing chronic conditions in remote Australia and the South Pacific: Review of evidence and lessons from an innovative quality improvement process. Aust J Rural Health 2011; 19:111-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1584.2010.01181.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
|
1056
|
Advancing a conceptual model of evidence-based practice implementation in public service sectors. ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY IN MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2011; 38:4-23. [PMID: 21197565 PMCID: PMC3025110 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-010-0327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1566] [Impact Index Per Article: 120.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Implementation science is a quickly growing discipline. Lessons learned from business and medical settings are being applied but it is unclear how well they translate to settings with different historical origins and customs (e.g., public mental health, social service, alcohol/drug sectors). The purpose of this paper is to propose a multi-level, four phase model of the implementation process (i.e., Exploration, Adoption/Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment), derived from extant literature, and apply it to public sector services. We highlight features of the model likely to be particularly important in each phase, while considering the outer and inner contexts (i.e., levels) of public sector service systems.
Collapse
|
1057
|
Wallerstein NB, Yen IH, Syme SL. Integration of social epidemiology and community-engaged interventions to improve health equity. Am J Public Health 2011; 101:822-30. [PMID: 21421960 PMCID: PMC3076386 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2008.140988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The past quarter century has seen an explosion of concern about widening health inequities in the United States and worldwide. These inequities are central to the research mission in 2 arenas of public health: social epidemiology and community-engaged interventions. Yet only modest success has been achieved in eliminating health inequities. We advocate dialogue and reciprocal learning between researchers with these 2 perspectives to enhance emerging transdisciplinary language, support new approaches to identifying research questions, and apply integrated theories and methods. We recommend ways to promote transdisciplinary training, practice, and research through creative academic opportunities as well as new funding and structural mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina B Wallerstein
- Master of Public Health Program, Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, 87131, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
1058
|
Smith MV, Lincoln AK. Integrating social epidemiology into public health research and practice for maternal depression. Am J Public Health 2011; 101:990-4. [PMID: 21493925 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2010.196576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The impact of maternal depression on women and their families has been well documented. Given the prevalence and impact of this problem, one important strategy is to strengthen and expand our public health approaches. Although principles of social epidemiology are increasingly used in the field of maternal and child health, few public health efforts to address maternal mental health have incorporated ecosocial frameworks such as community connectedness, quality of social relationships, and social capital. One method to augment current public health approaches to maternal depression is through the incorporation of a perspective focusing on community, cohesion, group membership, and connectedness--a concept often described as social capital. We describe the relevance of this ecosocial perspective for mental health promotion programs for mothers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan V Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and the Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
1059
|
Hafkesbrink J, Schroll M. Innovation 3.0: embedding into community knowledge - collaborative organizational learning beyond open innovation. JOURNAL OF INNOVATION ECONOMICS & MANAGEMENT 2011. [DOI: 10.3917/jie.007.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
1060
|
Lindau ST, Makelarski JA, Chin MH, Desautels S, Johnson D, Johnson WE, Miller D, Peters S, Robinson C, Schneider J, Thicklin F, Watson NP, Wolfe M, Whitaker E. Building community-engaged health research and discovery infrastructure on the South Side of Chicago: science in service to community priorities. Prev Med 2011; 52:200-7. [PMID: 21236295 PMCID: PMC3062697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 12/31/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the roles community members can and should play in, and an asset-based strategy used by Chicago's South Side Health and Vitality Studies for, building sustainable, large-scale community health research infrastructure. The Studies are a family of research efforts aiming to produce actionable knowledge to inform health policy, programming, and investments for the region. METHODS Community and university collaborators, using a consensus-based approach, developed shared theoretical perspectives, guiding principles, and a model for collaboration in 2008, which were used to inform an asset-based operational strategy. Ongoing community engagement and relationship-building support the infrastructure and research activities of the studies. RESULTS Key steps in the asset-based strategy include: 1) continuous community engagement and relationship building, 2) identifying community priorities, 3) identifying community assets, 4) leveraging assets, 5) conducting research, 6) sharing knowledge and 7) informing action. Examples of community member roles, and how these are informed by the Studies' guiding principles, are provided. CONCLUSIONS Community and university collaborators, with shared vision and principles, can effectively work together to plan innovative, large-scale community-based research that serves community needs and priorities. Sustainable, effective models are needed to realize NIH's mandate for meaningful translation of biomedical discovery into improved population health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacy Tessler Lindau
- The University of Chicago, Department of Ob/Gyn, Urban Health Initiative, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC2050 R-311, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
1061
|
Wartman SA, Steinberg MJ. The role of academic health centers in addressing social responsibility. MEDICAL TEACHER 2011; 33:638-642. [PMID: 21774650 DOI: 10.3109/0142159x.2011.590249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Despite the many successes achieved by academic health centers and the significant attention paid to the importance of the impact of social determinants on health, a broader movement of the academic health center community to share best practices and standardize these efforts across institutions and communities has not taken hold. The "guild mentality" of the health professions, the existing university/academic health center structure, regulation and accreditation, and misaligned incentives in the health care system all inhibit the development of this movement. In this article, we propose a new model for how the academic health center community might better address the social determinants of health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Wartman
- Association of Academic Health Centers, Washington, DC 20036, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
1062
|
Sindhu S, Pholpet C, Puttapitukpol S. Meeting the challenges of chronic illness: a nurse-led collaborative community care program in Thailand. Collegian 2010; 17:93-9. [PMID: 20738062 DOI: 10.1016/j.colegn.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic illness is of concern to health care systems globally. Although a significant evidence base supports the concept of nurse-led interventions, less data is available to address unique features of health care systems in the developing world. AIM The purpose of this study aimed to undertake preliminary testing of an intervention of nurse-led community care program, the Network Collaborative Action Plan (N-CAP), to assess the impact on disease severity and patient satisfaction. METHOD A quasi-experimental study, using historical controls, evaluated a collaborative nurse-led intervention to promote coordination and continuity of care for patients with chronic illness. RESULTS Participants, diagnosed with chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD), coronary heart disease (CHD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) were recruited. Prospective consecutive patient meeting the study criteria (n=47) were assigned into the control group and following development and implementation of the intervention eligible consenting patients were enrolled in the experimental group (n=44). Participants in the experimental group had significantly tower scores on severity of disease measurements during the third week (F = 4.61, p = 0.035) and the eighth week hospital (F = 4.30, p = .041) following hospital discharge than those in the control group. Participants in the experimental group expressed significantly higher scores on satisfaction with community care than those in the control group. CONCLUSIONS A nurse-led, collaboratively developed program has potential to improve satisfaction and decrease symptom development in people with chronic illnesses in Thailand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siriorn Sindhu
- Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, 2 Prannok Road Siriraj, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
1063
|
Mohindra KS, Labonté R. A systematic review of population health interventions and Scheduled Tribes in India. BMC Public Health 2010; 10:438. [PMID: 20659344 PMCID: PMC2919477 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-10-438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite India's recent economic growth, health and human development indicators of Scheduled Tribes (ST) or Adivasi (India's indigenous populations) lag behind national averages. The aim of this review was to identify the public health interventions or components of these interventions that are effective in reducing morbidity or mortality rates and reducing risks of ill health among ST populations in India, in order to inform policy and to identify important research gaps. Methods We systematically searched and assessed peer-reviewed literature on evaluations or intervention studies of a population health intervention undertaken with an ST population or in a tribal area, with a population health outcome(s), and involving primary data collection. Results The evidence compiled in this review revealed three issues that promote effective public health interventions with STs: (1) to develop and implement interventions that are low-cost, give rapid results and can be easily administered, (2): a multi-pronged approach, and (3): involve ST populations in the intervention. Conclusion While there is a growing body of knowledge on the health needs of STs, there is a paucity of data on how we can address these needs. We provide suggestions on how to undertake future population health intervention research with ST populations and offer priority research avenues that will help to address our knowledge gap in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K S Mohindra
- Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.
| | | |
Collapse
|
1064
|
|
1065
|
Ruffin J. The science of eliminating health disparities: embracing a new paradigm. Am J Public Health 2010; 100 Suppl 1:S8-9. [PMID: 20147659 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2010.191957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|