1101
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Pryzhkova MV. Concise review: carbon nanotechnology: perspectives in stem cell research. Stem Cells Transl Med 2013; 2:376-83. [PMID: 23572053 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2012-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotechnology has developed rapidly during the last decade, and carbon allotropes, especially graphene and carbon nanotubes, have already found a wide variety of applications in industry, high-tech fields, biomedicine, and basic science. Electroconductive nanomaterials have attracted great attention from tissue engineers in the design of remotely controlled cell-substrate interfaces. Carbon nanoconstructs are also under extensive investigation by clinical scientists as potential agents in anticancer therapies. Despite the recent progress in human pluripotent stem cell research, only a few attempts to use carbon nanotechnology in the stem cell field have been reported. However, acquired experience with and knowledge of carbon nanomaterials may be efficiently used in the development of future personalized medicine and in tissue engineering.
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1102
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Bell IR, Schwartz GE, Boyer NN, Koithan M, Brooks AJ. Advances in Integrative Nanomedicine for Improving Infectious Disease Treatment in Public Health. Eur J Integr Med 2013; 5:126-140. [PMID: 23795222 PMCID: PMC3685499 DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infectious diseases present public health challenges worldwide. An emerging integrative approach to treating infectious diseases is using nanoparticle (NP) forms of traditional and alternative medicines. Advantages of nanomedicine delivery methods include better disease targeting, especially for intracellular pathogens, ability to cross membranes and enter cells, longer duration drug action, reduced side effects, and cost savings from lower doses. METHODS We searched Pubmed articles in English with keywords related to nanoparticles and nanomedicine. Nanotechnology terms were also combined with keywords for drug delivery, infectious diseases, herbs, antioxidants, homeopathy, and adaptation. RESULTS NPs are very small forms of material substances, measuring 1-100 nanometers along at least one dimension. Compared with bulk forms, NPs' large ratio of surface-area-to-volume confers increased reactivity and adsorptive capacity, with unique electromagnetic, chemical, biological, and quantum properties. Nanotechnology uses natural botanical agents for green manufacturing of less toxic NPs. DISCUSSION Nanoparticle herbs and nutriceuticals can treat infections via improved bioavailability and antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. Recent studies demonstrate that homeopathic medicines may contain source and/or silica nanoparticles because of their traditional manufacturing processes. Homeopathy, as a form of nanomedicine, has a promising history of treating epidemic infectious diseases, including malaria, leptospirosis and HIV/AIDS, in addition to acute upper respiratory infections. Adaptive changes in the host's complex networks underlie effects. CONCLUSIONS Nanomedicine is integrative, blending modern technology with natural products to reduce toxicity and support immune function. Nanomedicine using traditional agents from alternative systems of medicine can facilitate progress in integrative public health approaches to infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris R. Bell
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, the University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Psychology, the University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- College of Nursing, the University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Medicine (Integrative Medicine), the University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, the University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
| | - Gary E. Schwartz
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Psychology, the University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Medicine (Integrative Medicine), the University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Mary Koithan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, the University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
- College of Nursing, the University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Medicine (Integrative Medicine), the University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Audrey J. Brooks
- Department of Psychology, the University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Medicine (Integrative Medicine), the University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
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1103
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Barras A, Martin FA, Bande O, Baumann JS, Ghigo JM, Boukherroub R, Beloin C, Siriwardena A, Szunerits S. Glycan-functionalized diamond nanoparticles as potent E. coli anti-adhesives. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:2307-2316. [PMID: 23396565 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr33826f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial attachment and subsequent biofilm formation on biotic surfaces or medical devices is an increasing source of infections in clinical settings. A large proportion of these biofilm-related infections are caused by Escherichia coli, a major nosocomial pathogen, in which the major adhesion factor is the FimH adhesin located at the tip of type 1 fimbriae. Inhibition of FimH-mediated adhesion has been identified as an efficient antibiotic-alternative strategy to potentially reduce E. coli-related infections. In this article we demonstrate that nanodiamond particles, covently modified with mannose moieties by a "click" chemistry approach, are able to efficiently inhibit E. coli type 1 fimbriae-mediated adhesion to eukaryotic cells with relative inhibitory potency (RIP) of as high as 9259 (bladder cell adhesion assay), which is unprecedented when compared with RIP values previously reported for alternate multivalent mannose-functionalized nanostructures designed to inhibit E. coli adhesion. Also remarkable is that these novel mannose-modified NDs reduce E. coli biofilm formation, a property previously not observed for multivalent glyco-nanoparticles and rarely demonstrated for other multivalent or monovalent mannose glycans. This work sets the stage for the further evaluation of these novel NDs as an anti-adhesive therapeutic strategy against E. coli-derived infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Barras
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire-IRI, USR CNRS 3078, Université Lille 1, Parc de la Haute Borne, 50 Avenue de Halley, BP 70478, 59658 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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1104
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Huynh VT, Pearson S, Noy JM, Abboud A, Utama RH, Lu H, Stenzel MH. Nanodiamonds with Surface Grafted Polymer Chains as Vehicles for Cell Imaging and Cisplatin Delivery: Enhancement of Cell Toxicity by POEGMEMA Coating. ACS Macro Lett 2013; 2:246-250. [PMID: 35581890 DOI: 10.1021/mz4000199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds (NDs) are highly promising drug carriers due to their biocompatibility, manipulable surface chemistry, and nonbleaching flourescence. In this communication, we compare the cytotoxicity of three ND-cisplatin systems in which cisplatin was incorporated via direct attachment to the ND surface, physical adsorption within a poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) POEGMEMA surface coating, or complexation to 1,1-di-tert-butyl 3-(2-methacryloyloxy)ethyl)butane-1,1,3-tricarboxylate (MAETC) groups of a POEGMEMA-st-PMAETC surface layer. The polymer layers were introduced by grafting from RAFT-functionalized ND particles. All three ND systems displayed lower IC50 values than free cisplatin in A2870 and A2870cis ovarian cancer cells. The two polymer-containing systems outperformed their "naked" counterpart, with the POEGMEMA-coated particles the most cytotoxic, displaying an IC50 of 1.5 μM, more than an order of magnitude lower than that of cisplatin. The enhanced cytotoxicity is attributed to promotion of cellular uptake by the hydrophilic surface polymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vien T. Huynh
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School
of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Samuel Pearson
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School
of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Janina-Miriam Noy
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School
of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Amanda Abboud
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School
of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Robert H. Utama
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School
of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Hongxu Lu
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School
of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Martina H. Stenzel
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School
of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
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1105
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Geiselmann M, Juan ML, Renger J, Say JM, Brown LJ, de Abajo FJG, Koppens F, Quidant R. Three-dimensional optical manipulation of a single electron spin. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2013; 8:175-9. [PMID: 23396312 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2012.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centres in diamond are promising elemental blocks for quantum optics, spin-based quantum information processing and high-resolution sensing. However, fully exploiting the capabilities of these NV centres requires suitable strategies to accurately manipulate them. Here, we use optical tweezers as a tool to achieve deterministic trapping and three-dimensional spatial manipulation of individual nanodiamonds hosting a single NV spin. Remarkably, we find that the NV axis is nearly fixed inside the trap and can be controlled in situ by adjusting the polarization of the trapping light. By combining this unique spatial and angular control with coherent manipulation of the NV spin and fluorescence lifetime measurements near an integrated photonic system, we demonstrate individual optically trapped NV centres as a novel route for both three-dimensional vectorial magnetometry and sensing of the local density of optical states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Geiselmann
- ICFO - Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain
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1106
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Abstract
While significant progress has been made toward production of monodispersed samples of a variety of nanoparticles, in cases such as diamond nanoparticles (nanodiamonds) a significant degree of polydispersivity persists, so scaling-up of laboratory applications to industrial levels has its challenges. In many cases, however, monodispersivity is not essential for reliable application, provided that the inevitable uncertainties are just as predictable as the functional properties. As computational methods of materials design are becoming more widespread, there is a growing need for robust methods for modeling ensembles of nanoparticles, that capture the structural complexity characteristic of real specimens. In this paper we present a simple statistical approach to modeling of ensembles of nanoparticles, and apply it to nanodiamond, based on sets of individual simulations that have been carefully selected to describe specific structural sources that are responsible for scattering of fundamental properties, and that are typically difficult to eliminate experimentally. For the purposes of demonstration we show how scattering in the Fermi energy and the electronic band gap are related to different structural variations (sources), and how these results can be combined strategically to yield statistically significant predictions of the properties of an entire ensemble of nanodiamonds, rather than merely one individual 'model' particle or a non-representative sub-set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda S Barnard
- CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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1107
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Petryayeva E, Algar WR, Medintz IL. Quantum dots in bioanalysis: a review of applications across various platforms for fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 67:215-52. [PMID: 23452487 DOI: 10.1366/12-06948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are brightly luminescent nanoparticles that have found numerous applications in bioanalysis and bioimaging. In this review, we highlight recent developments in these areas in the context of specific methods for fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging. Following a primer on the structure, properties, and biofunctionalization of QDs, we describe select examples of how QDs have been used in combination with steady-state or time-resolved spectroscopic techniques to develop a variety of assays, bioprobes, and biosensors that function via changes in QD photoluminescence intensity, polarization, or lifetime. Some special attention is paid to the use of Förster resonance energy transfer-type methods in bioanalysis, including those based on bioluminescence and chemiluminescence. Direct chemiluminescence, electrochemiluminescence, and charge transfer quenching are similarly discussed. We further describe the combination of QDs and flow cytometry, including traditional cellular analyses and spectrally encoded barcode-based assay technologies, before turning our attention to enhanced fluorescence techniques based on photonic crystals or plasmon coupling. Finally, we survey the use of QDs across different platforms for biological fluorescence imaging, including epifluorescence, confocal, and two-photon excitation microscopy; single particle tracking and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy; super-resolution imaging; near-field scanning optical microscopy; and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. In each of the above-mentioned platforms, QDs provide the brightness needed for highly sensitive detection, the photostability needed for tracking dynamic processes, or the multiplexing capacity needed to elucidate complex systems. There is a clear synergy between advances in QD materials and spectroscopy and imaging techniques, as both must be applied in concert to achieve their full potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Petryayeva
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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1108
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Stehlik S, Petit T, Girard HA, Arnault JC, Kromka A, Rezek B. Nanoparticles assume electrical potential according to substrate, size, and surface termination. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:1634-1641. [PMID: 23305296 DOI: 10.1021/la304472w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Electrical potential of nanoparticles under relevant environment is substantial for their applications in electronics as well as sensors and biology. Here, we use Kelvin force microscopy to characterize electrical properties of semiconducting diamond nanoparticles (DNPs) of 5-10 nm nominal size and metallic gold nanoparticles (20 and 40 nm) on Si and Au substrates under ambient conditions. The DNPs are deposited on Si and Au substrates from dispersions with well-defined zeta-potential. We show that the nanoparticle potential depends on its size and that the only reliable potential characteristic is a linear fit of this dependence within a 5-50 nm range. Systematically different potentials of hydrogenated, oxidized, and graphitized DNPs are resolved using this methodology. The differences are within 50 mV, that is much lower than on monocrystalline diamond. Furthermore, all of the nanoparticles assume their potential within -60 mV according to the Au and Si substrate, thus gaining up to 0.4 V difference. This effect is attributed to DNP charging by charge transfer and/or polarization. This is confirmed by secondary electron emission. Such effects are general with broad implications for nanoparticles applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan Stehlik
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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1109
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1110
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Bradac C, Gaebel T, Pakes CI, Say JM, Zvyagin AV, Rabeau JR. Effect of the nanodiamond host on a nitrogen-vacancy color-centre emission state. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:132-9. [PMID: 23024073 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201200574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Control over the quantum states of individual luminescent nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in nanodiamonds (NDs) is demonstrated by careful design of the crystal host: its size, surface functional groups, and interfacing substrate. By progressive etching of the ND host, the NV centres are induced to switch from latent, through continuous, to intermittent or "blinking" emission states. The blinking mechanism of the NV centre in NDs is elucidated and a qualitative model proposed to explain this phenomenon in terms of the centre electron(s) tunnelling to acceptor site(s). These measurements suggest that the substrate material and its proximity to the NV are responsible for the fluorescence intermittency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Bradac
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
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1111
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Kaur R, Badea I. Nanodiamonds as novel nanomaterials for biomedical applications: drug delivery and imaging systems. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:203-20. [PMID: 23326195 PMCID: PMC3544342 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s37348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Detonation nanodiamonds (NDs) are emerging as delivery vehicles for small chemical drugs and macromolecular biotechnology products due to their primary particle size of 4 to 5 nm, stable inert core, reactive surface, and ability to form hydrogels. Nanoprobe technology capitalizes on the intrinsic fluorescence, high refractive index, and unique Raman signal of the NDs, rendering them attractive for in vitro and in vivo imaging applications. This review provides a brief introduction of the various types of NDs and describes the development of procedures that have led to stable single-digit-sized ND dispersions, a crucial feature for drug delivery systems and nanoprobes. Various approaches used for functionalizing the surface of NDs are highlighted, along with a discussion of their biocompatibility status. The utilization of NDs to provide sustained release and improve the dispersion of hydrophobic molecules, of which chemotherapeutic drugs are the most investigated, is described. The prospects of improving the intracellular delivery of nucleic acids by using NDs as a platform are exemplified. The photoluminescent and optical scattering properties of NDs, together with their applications in cellular labeling, are also reviewed. Considering the progress that has been made in understanding the properties of NDs, they can be envisioned as highly efficient drug delivery and imaging biomaterials for use in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randeep Kaur
- Drug Design and Discovery Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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1112
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Stauss S, Shizuno T, Miyazoe H, Kiyooka E, Terashima K. Reaction yields of diamondoid synthesis by plasmas generated in supercritical xenon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.14723/tmrsj.38.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Stauss
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Tomoki Shizuno
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hiroyuki Miyazoe
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo
- Current address: IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center
| | - Eiichiro Kiyooka
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Kazuo Terashima
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo
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1113
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Cheng LC, Hung TF, Lee PH, Lin IC, Wen HL, Lu LH, Chiu CL, Chen SC, Sung JC, Weng BJ, Liu RS. Electrochemical reduction of high-efficiency ozone generation through nitrogen-doped diamond-like carbon electrodes. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra23335a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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1114
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Lai L, Barnard AS. Diamond nanoparticles as a new platform for the sequestration of waste carbon. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:9156-62. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51333e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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1115
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Jang DM, Im HS, Myung Y, Cho YJ, Kim HS, Back SH, Park J, Cha EH, Lee M. Hydrogen and carbon monoxide generation from laser-induced graphitized nanodiamonds in water. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:7155-60. [PMID: 23552502 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50769f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Myung Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Jochiwon 339-700, Korea
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1116
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von Haartman E, Jiang H, Khomich AA, Zhang J, Burikov SA, Dolenko TA, Ruokolainen J, Gu H, Shenderova OA, Vlasov II, Rosenholm JM. Core–shell designs of photoluminescent nanodiamonds with porous silica coatings for bioimaging and drug delivery I: fabrication. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:2358-2366. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20308e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1117
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Barui AK, Veeriah V, Mukherjee S, Manna J, Patel AK, Patra S, Pal K, Murali S, Rana RK, Chatterjee S, Patra CR. Zinc oxide nanoflowers make new blood vessels. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:7861-9. [PMID: 23152079 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr32369a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that angiogenesis is the process of formation of new capillaries from pre-existing blood vessels. It is a complex process, involving both pro- and anti-angiogenic factors, and plays a significant role in physiological and pathophysiological processes such as embryonic development, atherosclerosis, post-ischemic vascularization of the myocardium, tumor growth and metastasis, rheumatoid arthritis etc. This is the first report of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoflowers that show significant pro-angiogenic properties (formation of new capillaries from pre-existing blood vessels), observed by in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis assays. The egg yolk angiogenesis assay using ZnO nanoflowers indicates the presence of matured blood vessels formation. Additionally, it helps to promote endothelial cell (EA.hy926 cells) migration in wound healing assays. Formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-a redox signaling molecule, might be the plausible mechanism for nanoflower-based angiogenesis. Angiogenesis by nanoflowers may provide the basis for the future development of new alternative therapeutic treatment strategies for cardiovascular and ischemic diseases, where angiogenesis plays a significant role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Kumar Barui
- Centre for Chemical Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad-500607, AP, India
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1118
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1119
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Petit T, Arnault JC, Girard HA, Sennour M, Kang TY, Cheng CL, Bergonzo P. Oxygen hole doping of nanodiamond. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:6792-6799. [PMID: 23000973 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr31655b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Surface-graphitized nanodiamonds (NDs) are promising hybrid nanomaterials which appear to combine core properties of diamond with surface properties of graphene-based materials. Here we demonstrate that NDs covered by graphene islands, so-called Fullerene-Like Reconstructions (FLRs), are sensitive to hole doping by molecular oxygen in water. NDs covered by FLRs (NDs-FLRs) are prepared by annealing under vacuum of detonation NDs at 750 °C. We propose that oxygen hole doping is promoted on FLRs due to a unique electronic interaction between the diamond core and the outer graphene layer. As a consequence, NDs-FLRs exhibit positive zeta potential in water, unlike NDs surrounded by several graphitic layers. Surface hole-doped NDs may be promising nanomaterials for new electronic and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan Petit
- CEA, LIST, Diamond Sensors Laboratory, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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1120
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1121
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Vaijayanthimala V, Cheng PY, Yeh SH, Liu KK, Hsiao CH, Chao JI, Chang HC. The long-term stability and biocompatibility of fluorescent nanodiamond as an in vivo contrast agent. Biomaterials 2012; 33:7794-802. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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1122
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Dwivedi N, Kumar S, Tripathi RK, Carey JD, Malik HK, Dalai MK. Structural and electronic characterization of nanocrystalline diamondlike carbon thin films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:5309-5316. [PMID: 22994273 DOI: 10.1021/am301252e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The origin of low threshold field-emission (threshold field 1.25 V/μm) in nanocrystalline diamond-like carbon (nc-DLC) thin films is examined. The introduction of nitrogen and thermal annealing are both observed to change the threshold field and these changes are correlated with changes to the film microstructure. A range of different techniques including micro-Raman and infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and time-of-flight-secondary ion mass spectroscopy are used to examine the properties of the films. A comparison of the field emission properties of nc-DLC films with atomically smooth amorphous DLC (a-DLC) films reveals that nc-DLC films have lower threshold fields. Our results show that nc-DLC can be a good candidate for large area field emission display panels and cold cathode emission devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Dwivedi
- National Physical Laboratory (CSIR), K.S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi 110 012, India
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1123
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Xu Q, Yang T, Li ST, Zhao X. Surface electrostatic potential transformation of nanodiamond induced by graphitization. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:154702. [PMID: 23083179 DOI: 10.1063/1.4758474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The surface electrostatic potential of raw nanodiamonds is implied to be altered permanently during in the spontaneously occurred graphitization process by recent reports. With all-electron ab initio density functional theory methods, the intrinsic effect of graphitization on the electrostatic potential of nanodiamonds is investigated. It is exposed that while the graphitization process goes on, the dangling bonds on the (111) surface transfer into the inner side and subsequently the surface potential changes from negative to positive. Our results may be of great help in understanding the various electrostatic properties of nanodiamonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Institute for Chemical Physics and Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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1124
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SECM detection of single boron doped diamond nanodes and nanoelectrode arrays using phase-operated shear force technique. Electrochem commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2012.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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1125
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1126
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Alivisatos AP, Chun M, Church GM, Greenspan RJ, Roukes ML, Yuste R. The brain activity map project and the challenge of functional connectomics. Neuron 2012; 74:970-4. [PMID: 22726828 PMCID: PMC3597383 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The function of neural circuits is an emergent property that arises from the coordinated activity of large numbers of neurons. To capture this, we propose launching a large-scale, international public effort, the Brain Activity Map Project, aimed at reconstructing the full record of neural activity across complete neural circuits. This technological challenge could prove to be an invaluable step toward understanding fundamental and pathological brain processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Paul Alivisatos
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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1127
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Kaur R, Chitanda JM, Michel D, Maley J, Borondics F, Yang P, Verrall RE, Badea I. Lysine-functionalized nanodiamonds: synthesis, physiochemical characterization, and nucleic acid binding studies. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:3851-66. [PMID: 22904623 PMCID: PMC3418073 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s32877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Detonation nanodiamonds (NDs) are carbon-based nanomaterials that, because of their size (4-5 nm), stable inert core, alterable surface chemistry, fluorescence, and biocompatibility, are emerging as bioimaging agents and promising tools for the delivery of biochemical molecules into cellular systems. However, diamond particles possess a strong propensity to aggregate in liquid formulation media, restricting their applicability in biomedical sciences. Here, the authors describe the covalent functionalization of NDs with lysine in an attempt to develop nanoparticles able to act as suitable nonviral vectors for transferring genetic materials across cellular membranes. METHODS NDs were oxidized and functionalized by binding lysine moieties attached to a three-carbon-length linker (1,3-diaminopropane) to their surfaces through amide bonds. Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, zeta potential measurement, dynamic light scattering, atomic force microscopic imaging, and thermogravimetric analysis were used to characterize the lysine-functionalized NDs. Finally, the ability of the functionalized diamonds to bind plasmid DNA and small interfering RNA was investigated by gel electrophoresis assay and through size and zeta potential measurements. RESULTS NDs were successfully functionalized with the lysine linker, producing surface loading of 1.7 mmol g(-1) of ND. These modified NDs formed highly stable aqueous dispersions with a zeta potential of 49 mV and particle size of approximately 20 nm. The functionalized NDs were found to be able to bind plasmid DNA and small interfering RNA by forming nanosized "diamoplexes". CONCLUSION The lysine-substituted ND particles generated in this study exhibit stable aqueous formulations and show potential for use as carriers for genetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randeep Kaur
- Drug Design and Discovery Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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1128
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Park J, Kim WJ. Current status of gene delivery: spotlight on nanomaterial-polymer hybrids. J Drug Target 2012; 20:648-66. [PMID: 22804769 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2012.704634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy aims to treat human disorders by introducing genetic materials into specific target cells or tissues. Despite the curability for the origIn of diseases by restoring missing functionalities, no technical feasibility of gene therapy has been established due to the lack of safe and efficient gene delivery systems. The emergence of nanotechnology has provided an opportunity to create nanomaterials that are suitable for the biomedical applications. Nanomaterials integrated with cationic polymers offer novel platforms that allow not only easy incorporation of genetic materials through electrostatic interactions but also further modifications to be upgraded to theranostics. In this article, current status of gene delivery utilizing hybrid nanomaterials that are composed of novel nanoplatforms and cationic polymers are highlighted. In particular, different strategies employed for the construction of nanomaterial-polymer hybrids are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhee Park
- Department of Chemistry, BK21 Program, Polymer Research Institute, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Pohang , Republic of Korea
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1129
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Laraoui A, Hodges JS, Meriles CA. Nitrogen-vacancy-assisted magnetometry of paramagnetic centers in an individual diamond nanocrystal. NANO LETTERS 2012; 12:3477-3482. [PMID: 22725686 DOI: 10.1021/nl300964g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor nanoparticles host a number of paramagnetic point defects and impurities, many of them adjacent to the surface, whose response to external stimuli could help probe the complex dynamics of the particle and its local, nanoscale environment. Here, we use optically detected magnetic resonance in a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center within an individual diamond nanocrystal to investigate the composition and spin dynamics of the particle-hosted spin bath. For the present sample, a ∼45 nm diamond crystal, NV-assisted dark-spin spectroscopy reveals the presence of nitrogen donors and a second, yet-unidentified class of paramagnetic centers. Both groups share a common spin lifetime considerably shorter than that observed for the NV spin, suggesting some form of spatial clustering, possibly on the nanoparticle surface. Using double spin resonance and dynamical decoupling, we also demonstrate control of the combined NV center-spin bath dynamics and attain NV coherence lifetimes comparable to those reported for bulk, Type Ib samples. Extensions based on the experiments presented herein hold promise for applications in nanoscale magnetic sensing, biomedical labeling, and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelghani Laraoui
- Department of Physics, City College of New York - CUNY, New York, New York 10031, United States
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1130
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Zhang Q, Mochalin VN, Neitzel I, Hazeli K, Niu J, Kontsos A, Zhou JG, Lelkes PI, Gogotsi Y. Mechanical properties and biomineralization of multifunctional nanodiamond-PLLA composites for bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2012; 33:5067-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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1131
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Cui X, Liu X, Tatton AS, Brown SP, Ye H, Marsh A. Nanodiamond promotes surfactant-mediated triglyceride removal from a hydrophobic surface at or below room temperature. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:3225-32. [PMID: 22676238 DOI: 10.1021/am300560z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that ca. 5 nm nanodiamond particles dramatically improve triglyceride lipid removal from a hydrophobic surface at room temperature using either anionic or nonionic surfactants. We prepare nanodiamond-surfactant colloids, measure their stability by dynamic light scattering and use quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation, a technique sensitive to surface mass, in order to compare their ability to remove surface-bound model triglyceride lipid with ionic and nonionic aqueous surfactants at 15-25 °C. Oxidized, reduced, ω-alkylcarboxylic acid, and ω-alkylamidoamine surface-modified adducts are prepared, and then characterized by techniques including (13)C cross-polarization (CP) magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR. Clear improvement in removal of triglyceride was observed in the presence of nanodiamond, even at 15 °C, both with nanodiamond-surfactant colloids, and by prior nanoparticle deposition on interfacial lipid, showing that nanodiamonds are playing a crucial role in the enhancement of the detergency process, providing unique leads in the development of new approaches to low-temperature cleaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjin Cui
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston University , Birmingham, B4 7ET United Kingdom
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1132
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Lien ZY, Hsu TC, Liu KK, Liao WS, Hwang KC, Chao JI. Cancer cell labeling and tracking using fluorescent and magnetic nanodiamond. Biomaterials 2012; 33:6172-85. [PMID: 22672836 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanodiamond, a promising carbon nanomaterial, develops for biomedical applications such as cancer cell labeling and detection. Here, we establish the nanodiamond-bearing cancer cell lines using the fluorescent and magnetic nanodiamond (FMND). Treatment with FMND particles did not significantly induce cytotoxicity and growth inhibition in HFL-1 normal lung fibroblasts and A549 lung cancer cells. The fluorescence intensities and particle complexities were increased in a time- and concentration-dependent manner by treatment with FMND particles in lung cancer cells; however, the existence of FMND particles inside the cells did not alter cellular size distribution. The FMND-bearing lung cancer cells could be separated by the fluorescent and magnetic properties of FMNDs using the flow cytometer and magnetic device, respectively. The FMND-bearing cancer cells were identified by the existence of FMNDs using flow cytometer and confocal microscope analysis. More importantly, the cell morphology, viability, growth ability and total protein expression profiles in the FMND-bearing cells were similar to those of the parental cells. The separated FMND-bearing cells with various generations were cryopreservation for further applications. After re-thawing the FMND-bearing cancer cell lines, the cells still retained the cell survival and growth ability. Additionally, a variety of human cancer types including colon (RKO), breast (MCF-7), cervical (HeLa), and bladder (BFTC905) cancer cells could be used the same strategy to prepare the FMND-bearing cancer cells. These results show that the FMND-bearing cancer cell lines, which reserve the parental cell functions, can be applied for specific cancer cell labeling and tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yi Lien
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan
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1133
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Hartmann M, Betz P, Sun Y, Gorb SN, Lindhorst TK, Krueger A. Saccharide-Modified Nanodiamond Conjugates for the Efficient Detection and Removal of Pathogenic Bacteria. Chemistry 2012; 18:6485-92. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201104069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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1134
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Moore LK, Gatica M, Chow EK, Ho D. Diamond-Based Nanomedicine: Enhanced Drug Delivery and Imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1089/dst.2012.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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1135
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Yan J, Guo Y, Altawashi A, Moosa B, Lecommandoux S, Khashab NM. Experimental and theoretical evaluation of nanodiamonds as pH triggered drug carriers. NEW J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2nj40226b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1136
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Lai L, Barnard AS. Surface phase diagram and thermodynamic stability of functionalisation of nanodiamonds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm32640j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1137
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Xu Q, Zhao X. Electrostatic interactions versus van der Waals interactions in the self-assembly of dispersed nanodiamonds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm32918b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1138
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Zhang Z, Hao J, Zhang J, Zhang B, Tang J. Protein as the source for synthesizing fluorescent carbon dots by a one-pot hydrothermal route. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21217j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
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