1151
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Szymański W, Wu B, Poloni C, Janssen DB, Feringa BL. Azobenzene Photoswitches for Staudinger-Bertozzi Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:2068-72. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201208596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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1152
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Metal-Organic Frameworks for Photochemical Reactions. METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORKS FOR PHOTONICS APPLICATIONS 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/430_2013_121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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1153
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Dong R, Zhu B, Zhou Y, Yan D, Zhu X. Reversible photoisomerization of azobenzene-containing polymeric systems driven by visible light. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py21060f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1154
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He M, Bode JW. E pluribus unum: isolation, structure determination, network analysis and DFT studies of a single metastable structure from a shapeshifting mixture of 852 bullvalene structural isomers. Org Biomol Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26954f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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1155
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Liu T, Bao C, Wang H, Lin Y, Jia H, Zhu L. Light-controlled ion channels formed by amphiphilic small molecules regulate ion conduction via cis–trans photoisomerization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:10311-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc45618h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1156
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Ali AM, Woolley GA. The effect of azobenzene cross-linker position on the degree of helical peptide photo-control. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:5325-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40684a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1157
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Chi H, Mya KY, Lin T, He C, Wang F, Chin WS. Thermally stable azobenzene dyes through hybridization with POSS. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2nj40977a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1158
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Garcia-Amorós J, R. Castro MC, Coelho P, M. Raposo MM, Velasco D. New heterocyclic systems to afford microsecond green-light isomerisable azo dyes and their use as fast molecular photochromic switches. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:11427-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc46736h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1159
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Banghart MR, Trauner D. A 1H NMR assay for measuring the photostationary States of photoswitchable ligands. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 995:107-120. [PMID: 23494375 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-345-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of photoisomerizable chromophores into small molecule ligands represents a general approach for reversibly controlling protein function with light. Illumination at different wavelengths produces photostationary states (PSSs) consisting of different ratios of photoisomers. Thus optimal implementation of photoswitchable ligands requires knowledge of their wavelength sensitivity. Using an azobenzene-based ion channel blocker as an example, this protocol describes a (1)H NMR assay that can be used to precisely determine the isomeric content of photostationary states (PSSs) as a function of illumination wavelength. Samples of the photoswitchable ligand are dissolved in deuterated water and analyzed by UV/VIS spectroscopy to identify the range of illumination wavelengths that produce PSSs. The PSSs produced by these wavelengths are quantified using (1)H NMR spectroscopy under continuous irradiation through a monochromator-coupled fiber-optic cable. Because aromatic protons of azobenzene trans and cis isomers exhibit sufficiently different chemical shifts, their relative abundances at each PSS can be readily determined by peak integration. Constant illumination during spectrum acquisition is essential to accurately determine PSSs from molecules that thermally relax on the timescale of minutes or faster. This general protocol can be readily applied to any photoswitch that exhibits distinct (1)H NMR signals in each photoisomeric state.
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1160
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Ahmed I, Fruk L. The power of light: photosensitive tools for chemical biology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 9:565-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c2mb25407g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1161
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Huang Y, Kang H, Li G, Wang C, Huang Y, Liu R. Synthesis and photosensitivity of azobenzene functionalized hydroxypropylcellulose. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43031f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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1162
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Hough AJ, Prokes I, Tucker JHR, Shipman M, Walsh TR. Photochemical control of molecular motion associated with pyramidal inversion. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:6683-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc43036g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1163
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Savel P, Latouche C, Roisnel T, Akdas-Kilig H, Boucekkine A, Fillaut JL. Cyclometalated platinum(ii) with ethynyl-linked azobenzene ligands: an original switching mode. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:16773-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51925b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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1164
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Bléger D, Schwarz J, Brouwer AM, Hecht S. o-Fluoroazobenzenes as readily synthesized photoswitches offering nearly quantitative two-way isomerization with visible light. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:20597-600. [PMID: 23236950 DOI: 10.1021/ja310323y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 527] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Azobenzene functionalized with ortho-fluorine atoms has a lower energy of the n-orbital of the Z-isomer, resulting in a separation of the E and Z isomers' n→π* absorption bands. Introducing para-substituents allows for further tuning of the absorption spectra of o-fluoroazobenzenes. In particular, electron-withdrawing ester groups give rise to a 50 nm separation of the n→π* transitions. Green and blue light can therefore be used to induce E→Z and Z→E isomerizations, respectively. The o-fluoroazobenzene scaffold is readily synthesized and can be inserted into larger structures via its aryl termini. These new azobenzene derivatives can be switched in both ways with high photoconversions, and their Z-isomers display a remarkably long thermal half-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bléger
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
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1165
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Samanta S, Qureshi HI, Woolley GA. A bisazobenzene crosslinker that isomerizes with visible light. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:2184-90. [PMID: 23359333 PMCID: PMC3554325 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Large conformational and functional changes of azobenzene-modified biomolecules require longer azobenzene derivatives that undergo large end-to-end distance changes upon photoisomerization. In addition, isomerization that occurs with visible rather than UV irradiation is preferred for biological applications. Results: We report the synthesis and characterization of a new crosslinker in which a central piperazine unit links two azobenzene chromophores. Molecular modeling indicates that this crosslinker can undergo a large change in end-to-end distance upon trans,trans to cis,cis isomerization. Photochemical characterization indicates that it does isomerize with visible light (violet to blue wavelengths). However, the thermal relaxation rate of this crosslinker is rather high (τ½ ~ 1 s in aqueous buffer at neutral pH) so that it is difficult to produce large fractions of the cis,cis-species without very bright light sources. Conclusion: While cis-lifetimes may be longer when the crosslinker is attached to a biomolecule, it appears the para-piperazine unit may be best suited for applications where rapid thermal relaxation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhas Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada; telephone: (416) 978-0675, fax: (416) 978-8775
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1166
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Yong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - András Olasz
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Chun-Hsing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Dongwhan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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1167
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Gayen P, Sinha C. Effect of PEG-200 and Tween-20 on photoisomerization of 1-alkyl-2-(arylazo)imidazoles in toluene. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 98:116-121. [PMID: 22986051 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 08/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The photoisomerization of 1-alkyl-2-(arylazo)imidazole, trans-to-cis, has been studied in the matrix of PEG-200 and Tween-20 in toluene medium by UV light irradiation. The trans and cis-isomers have different absorption spectra. The cis-to-trans isomerization proceeds slowly in visible light irradiation while it is appreciably fast in thermal process. The rate of trans-to-cis isomerization is decreased by 30-60% in presence of PEG-200 and Tween-20. The quantum yield of the photoisomerization is also decreased by 35-55% and follows the rate sequence: free state>PEG-200-phase>Tween-20 phase. The activation energy (E(a)) of cis→trans, thermal backward isomerization, is reduced in PEG-200 and Tween-20 phase following free state>PEG-200-phase>Tween-20-phase. The branched polyhydroxo structure of Tween-20 may help to wrap the polar photochrome more efficiently than major ether functionalized PEG-200 and stabilizes trans-isomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallab Gayen
- Department of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India
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1168
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Priimagi A, Saccone M, Cavallo G, Shishido A, Pilati T, Metrangolo P, Resnati G. Photoalignment and surface-relief-grating formation are efficiently combined in low-molecular-weight halogen-bonded complexes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:OP345-OP352. [PMID: 23081696 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201204060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
It is demonstrated that halogen bonding can be used to construct low-molecular-weight supramolecular complexes with unique light-responsive properties. In particular, halogen bonding drives the formation of a photoresponsive liquid-crystalline complex between a non-mesogenic halogen bond-donor molecule incorporating an azo group, and a non-mesogenic alkoxystilbazole moiety, acting as a halogen bond-acceptor. Upon irradiation with polarized light, the complex exhibits a high degree of photoinduced anisotropy (order parameter of molecular alignment > 0.5). Moreover, efficient photoinduced surface-relief-grating (SRG) formation occurs upon irradiation with a light interference pattern, with a surface-modulation depth 2.4 times the initial film thickness. This is the first report on a halogen-bonded photoresponsive low-molecular-weight complex, which furthermore combines a high degree of photoalignment and extremely efficient SRG formation in a unique way. This study highlights the potential of halogen bonding as a new tool for the rational design of high-performance photoresponsive suprastructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arri Priimagi
- Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, R1-12 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan.
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1169
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Venancio-Marques A, Liu YJ, Diguet A, di Maio T, Gautier A, Baigl D. Modification-free photocontrol of β-lactam conversion with spatiotemporal resolution. ACS Synth Biol 2012; 1:526-31. [PMID: 23656229 DOI: 10.1021/sb300010a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
β-Lactams can be converted into β-amino acids by β-lactamase, a bacterial enzyme, leading to significant change in the biological function of the substrate molecules. Here we describe a method for photocontrol of β-lactam conversion without gene nor enzyme modification. This is achieved by the addition of a cationic photosensitive surfactant, AzoTAB, to a gene expression medium containing DNA coding for β-lactamase, the enzyme capable of the desired conversion. In the absence of UV (365 nm) or after illumination by blue light (480 nm) for 4 min, conversion of β-lactam is strongly reduced while the application of UV for 4 min results in a strong enhancement of substrate conversion. Several cycles of activation/inhibition are obtained upon successive UV/blue light illuminations. When both reconstituted photoresponsive gene expression medium and β-lactamase substrate are encapsulated in independent microfluidic chambers, selective UV illumination results in spatially resolved activation of substrate conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Venancio-Marques
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 75005 Paris, France
- UMR 8640, CNRS, France
| | - Yan-Jun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 75005 Paris, France
- UMR 8640, CNRS, France
| | - Antoine Diguet
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 75005 Paris, France
- UMR 8640, CNRS, France
| | - Thomas di Maio
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 75005 Paris, France
- UMR 8640, CNRS, France
| | - Arnaud Gautier
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 75005 Paris, France
- UMR 8640, CNRS, France
| | - Damien Baigl
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 75005 Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, 75005 Paris, France
- UMR 8640, CNRS, France
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1170
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Garcia-Amorós J, Díaz-Lobo M, Nonell S, Velasco D. Fastest Thermal Isomerization of an Azobenzene for Nanosecond Photoswitching Applications under Physiological Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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1171
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Garcia-Amorós J, Díaz-Lobo M, Nonell S, Velasco D. Fastest thermal isomerization of an azobenzene for nanosecond photoswitching applications under physiological conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:12820-3. [PMID: 23144016 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Garcia-Amorós
- Grup de Materials Orgànics, Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia, Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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1172
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Baigl D. Photo-actuation of liquids for light-driven microfluidics: state of the art and perspectives. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:3637-53. [PMID: 22864577 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40596b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Using light to control liquid motion is a new paradigm for the actuation of microfluidic systems. We review here the different principles and strategies to induce or control liquid motion using light, which includes the use of radiation pressure, optical tweezers, light-induced wettability gradients, the thermocapillary effect, photosensitive surfactants, the chromocapillary effect, optoelectrowetting, photocontrolled electroosmotic flows and optical dielectrophoresis. We analyze the performance of these approaches to control using light many kinds of microfluidic operations involving discrete pL- to μL-sized droplets (generation, driving, mixing, reaction, sorting) or fluid flows in microchannels (valve operation, injection, pumping, flow rate control). We show that a complete toolbox is now available to control microfluidic systems by light. We finally discuss the perspectives of digital optofluidics as well as microfluidics based on all optical fluidic chips and optically reconfigurable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Baigl
- Department of Chemistry, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France.
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1173
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Shigenaga A. [Development of stimulus-responsive amino acids and their application to chemical biology use]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2012; 132:1075-82. [PMID: 23023427 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.132.1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
An understanding of the physiological significance of peptides and proteins is indispensable in the fields of life sciences and drug development. Recently, methods for controlling peptide and protein activities using stimuli such as UV irradiation have been attracting much attention because of their potential for clarifying the physiological roles of the peptides/proteins. In this context, we have developed a stimulus-responsive amino acid that induces peptide-bond cleavage after exposure to a stimulus. Although it has previously been reported that stimulus-responsive units can respond to a specific stimulus, our stimulus-responsive amino acid is potentially applicable to any stimulus simply by changing the protective group. In this review, the design and synthesis of stimulus-responsive amino acids are described. Their applications in chemical biology, including their use for spatiotemporal control of the activity of peptides in living cells, are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Shigenaga
- Institute of Health Biosciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.
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1174
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Abe M, Watanabe S, Tamura H, Boinapally S, Kanahara K, Fujiwara Y. Substituent effect on reactivity of triplet excited state of 2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-enes, DBH derivatives: α C-N bond cleavage versus β C-C bond cleavage. J Org Chem 2012; 78:1940-8. [PMID: 22985271 DOI: 10.1021/jo3019472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The photoreaction of a series of 2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene (DBH) derivatives, in which various substituents (X) were introduced at the methano bridge carbon of C(7), was investigated under direct (>290 nm) and triplet-sensitized (Ph2CO, >370 nm) irradiation conditions of the azo chromophore (−Cβ–Cα–N═N–Cα–Cβ−). The azo compounds offered a unique opportunity to see the substituent X effect at the remote position of the azo chromophore on the reactivity of the triplet excited state of bicyclic azoalkanes. The present study led to the first observation of the unusual Cα–Cβ bond-cleavage reaction without the ring stiffness, that is, the structural rigidity, in the triplet state of the cyclic azoalkanes. The stereoelectronic effects were found to play an important role in lowering the activation energy of the Cα–Cβ bond-cleavage reaction. NBO analyses at the M06-2X/cc-PVDZ level of theory confirmed the stereoelectronic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
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1175
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1176
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Blanco-Lomas M, Campos PJ, Sampedro D. Synthesis and Photoisomerization of Rhodopsin-Based Molecular Switches. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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1177
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Williams GOS, Chen JSY, Euser TG, Russell PSJ, Jones AC. Photonic crystal fibre as an optofluidic reactor for the measurement of photochemical kinetics with sub-picomole sensitivity. LAB ON A CHIP 2012; 12:3356-3361. [PMID: 22767267 DOI: 10.1039/c2lc40062f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Photonic crystal fibre constitutes an optofluidic system in which light can be efficiently coupled into a solution-phase sample, contained within the hollow core of the fibre, over long path-lengths. This provides an ideal arrangement for the highly sensitive monitoring of photochemical reactions by absorption spectroscopy. We report here the use of UV/vis spectroscopy to measure the kinetics of the photochemical and thermal cis-trans isomerisation of sub-picomole samples of two azo dyes within the 19-μm diameter core of a photonic crystal fibre, over a path length of 30 cm. Photoisomerisation quantum yields are the first reported for "push-pull" azobenzenes in solution at room temperature; such measurements are challenging because of the fast thermal isomerisation process. Rate constants obtained for thermal isomerisation are in excellent agreement with those established previously in conventional cuvette-based measurements. The high sensitivity afforded by this intra-fibre method enables measurements in solvents in which the dyes are too insoluble to permit conventional cuvette-based measurements. The results presented demonstrate the potential of photonic crystal fibres as optofluidic elements in lab-on-a-chip devices for photochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth O S Williams
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, King's Buildings, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom
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1178
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Berberich M, Natali M, Spenst P, Chiorboli C, Scandola F, Würthner F. Nondestructive Photoluminescence Read-Out by Intramolecular Electron Transfer in a Perylene Bisimide-Diarylethene Dyad. Chemistry 2012; 18:13651-64. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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1179
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Zhang H, Zhou N, Zhu X, Chen X, Zhang Z, Zhang W, Zhu J, Hu Z, Zhu X. Cyclic
Side-Chain Phenylazo Naphthalene Polymers: Enhanced Fluorescence Emission and Surface Relief Grating Formation. Macromol Rapid Commun 2012; 33:1845-51. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201200415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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1180
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Yang Y, Hughes RP, Aprahamian I. Visible Light Switching of a BF2-Coordinated Azo Compound. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:15221-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ja306030d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yin Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover,
New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Russell P. Hughes
- Department
of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover,
New Hampshire 03755, United States
| | - Ivan Aprahamian
- Department
of Chemistry, Dartmouth College, Hanover,
New Hampshire 03755, United States
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1181
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Gopal A, Hifsudheen M, Furumi S, Takeuchi M, Ajayaghosh A. Thermally Assisted Photonic Inversion of Supramolecular Handedness. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201205332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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1182
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Gopal A, Hifsudheen M, Furumi S, Takeuchi M, Ajayaghosh A. Thermally Assisted Photonic Inversion of Supramolecular Handedness. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:10505-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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1183
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Moustafa ME, McCready MS, Puddephatt RJ. Switching by Photochemical trans–cis Isomerization of Azobenzene Substituents in Organoplatinum Complexes. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om3005405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E. Moustafa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada N6A 5B7
| | - Matthew S. McCready
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada N6A 5B7
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1184
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Blanco-Lomas M, Campos PJ, Sampedro D. Benzylidene-oxazolones as molecular photoswitches. Org Lett 2012; 14:4334-7. [PMID: 22877084 DOI: 10.1021/ol301741g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and photochemical study of a family of molecular switches inspired by the green fluorescent protein (GFP) chromophore is presented. These compounds can be easily synthesized, and their photophysical properties may be tuned. Due to their efficient photoisomerization and high stability, these compounds can be switched on/off by using light and heat or light with different wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Blanco-Lomas
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química (CISQ), Universidad de La Rioja, Madre de Dios, 51, E-26006, Logroño, La Rioja, Spain
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1185
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Beharry AA, Chen T, Al-Abdul-Wahid MS, Samanta S, Davidov K, Sadovski O, Ali AM, Chen SB, Prosser RS, Chan HS, Woolley GA. Quantitative analysis of the effects of photoswitchable distance constraints on the structure of a globular protein. Biochemistry 2012; 51:6421-31. [PMID: 22803618 DOI: 10.1021/bi300685a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Photoswitchable distance constraints in the form of photoisomerizable chemical cross-links offer a general approach to the design of reversibly photocontrolled proteins. To apply these effectively, however, one must have guidelines for the choice of cross-linker structure and cross-linker attachment sites. Here we investigate the effects of varying cross-linker structure on the photocontrol of folding of the Fyn SH3 domain, a well-studied model protein. We develop a theoretical framework based on an explicit-chain model of protein folding, modified to include detailed model linkers, that allows prediction of the effect of a given linker on the free energy of folding of a protein. Using this framework, we were able to quantitatively explain the experimental result that a longer, but somewhat flexible, cross-linker is less destabilizing to the folded state than a shorter more rigid cross-linker. The models also suggest how misfolded states may be generated by cross-linking, providing a rationale for altered dynamics seen in nuclear magnetic resonance analyses of these proteins. The theoretical framework is readily portable to any protein of known folded state structure and thus can be used to guide the design of photoswitchable proteins generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Beharry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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1186
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Frigoli M, Maurel F, Berthet J, Delbaere S, Marrot J, Oliveira MM. The control of photochromism of [3H]-naphthopyran derivatives with intramolecular CH-π bonds. Org Lett 2012; 14:4150-3. [PMID: 22846037 DOI: 10.1021/ol301812e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The photochromism of [3H]-naphthopyran derivatives can be switched from T-type to inverse- or P-type through the manipulation of relative thermodynamic stabilities of open isomers with intramolecular CH-π bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Frigoli
- ILV, CNRS UMR 8180, Université de Versailles, Versailles, France.
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1187
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Brieke C, Rohrbach F, Gottschalk A, Mayer G, Heckel A. Light-controlled tools. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:8446-76. [PMID: 22829531 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201202134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 738] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Spatial and temporal control over chemical and biological processes plays a key role in life, where the whole is often much more than the sum of its parts. Quite trivially, the molecules of a cell do not form a living system if they are only arranged in a random fashion. If we want to understand these relationships and especially the problems arising from malfunction, tools are necessary that allow us to design sophisticated experiments that address these questions. Highly valuable in this respect are external triggers that enable us to precisely determine where, when, and to what extent a process is started or stopped. Light is an ideal external trigger: It is highly selective and if applied correctly also harmless. It can be generated and manipulated with well-established techniques, and many ways exist to apply light to living systems--from cells to higher organisms. This Review will focus on developments over the last six years and includes discussions on the underlying technologies as well as their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Brieke
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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1188
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Brieke C, Rohrbach F, Gottschalk A, Mayer G, Heckel A. Lichtgesteuerte Werkzeuge. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201202134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Brieke
- Goethe‐Universität Frankfurt, Institut für Organische Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Buchmann‐Institut für Molekulare Lebenswissenschaften, Max‐von‐Laue‐Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main (Deutschland)
| | - Falk Rohrbach
- Universität Bonn, LIMES‐Institut, Gerhard‐Domagk‐Straße 1, 53121 Bonn (Deutschland)
| | - Alexander Gottschalk
- Buchmann‐Institut für Molekulare Lebenswissenschaften, Institut für Biochemie, Max‐von‐Laue‐Straße 15, 60438 Frankfurt/Main (Deutschland)
| | - Günter Mayer
- Universität Bonn, LIMES‐Institut, Gerhard‐Domagk‐Straße 1, 53121 Bonn (Deutschland)
| | - Alexander Heckel
- Goethe‐Universität Frankfurt, Institut für Organische Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Buchmann‐Institut für Molekulare Lebenswissenschaften, Max‐von‐Laue‐Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt/Main (Deutschland)
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1189
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Merino E, Ribagorda M. Control over molecular motion using the cis-trans photoisomerization of the azo group. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:1071-90. [PMID: 23019434 PMCID: PMC3458724 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Control over molecular motion represents an important objective in modern chemistry. Aromatic azobenzenes are excellent candidates as molecular switches since they can exist in two forms, namely the cis (Z) and trans (E) isomers, which can interconvert both photochemically and thermally. This transformation induces a molecular movement and a significant geometric change, therefore the azobenzene unit is an excellent candidate to build dynamic molecular devices. We describe selected examples of systems containing an azobenzene moiety and their motions and geometrical changes caused by external stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estíbaliz Merino
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/ Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ribagorda
- Departmento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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1190
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Yan H, Teh C, Sreejith S, Zhu L, Kwok A, Fang W, Ma X, Nguyen KT, Korzh V, Zhao Y. Functional Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Photothermal-Controlled Drug Delivery In Vivo. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:8373-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201203993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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1191
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Yan H, Teh C, Sreejith S, Zhu L, Kwok A, Fang W, Ma X, Nguyen KT, Korzh V, Zhao Y. Functional Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Photothermal-Controlled Drug Delivery In Vivo. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201203993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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1192
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Fujimoto K, Kajino M, Sakaguchi I, Inouye M. Photoswitchable, DNA-binding helical peptides assembled with two independently designed sequences for photoregulation and DNA recognition. Chemistry 2012; 18:9834-40. [PMID: 22767420 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Diarylethene-bridged peptides were developed to photoregulate biomolecular interactions. The peptides are made up of diarylethene-bridged and DNA-binding regions at their N- and C termini, respectively. The two regions could be independently designed and combined as desired. The α-helicities of the peptides were photoregulated in on/off or off/on manners, and the manner depended on the positions of two ornithine (Orn) residues for cross-linking reaction at the diarylethene-bridged region. In the case of the on/off manner, when the diarylethene structure adopted the open form on the peptides, the peptides folded into stable α-helices. Upon UV irradiation, the diarylethene moiety isomerized to its closed form to destabilize the helical structures. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) analysis showed that the open isomer strongly associated with a target DNA, as compared with the closed one. When the closed-form peptide existing in the DNA complex was irradiated with a fluorescent lamp in the middle of the QCM monitoring, the frequency change (ΔF) was enhanced by the diarylethene photoisomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhisa Fujimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu Sangyo University, Matsukadai 2-3-1, Fukuoka 813-8503, Japan.
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1193
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1194
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Manchester J, Bassani DM, Duprey JLHA, Giordano L, Vyle JS, Zhao ZY, Tucker JHR. Photocontrolled binding and binding-controlled photochromism within anthracene-modified DNA. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:10791-4. [PMID: 22694485 PMCID: PMC3614019 DOI: 10.1021/ja304205m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Modified DNA strands undergo a reversible light-induced reaction involving the intramolecular photodimerization of two appended anthracene tags. The photodimers exhibit markedly different binding behavior toward a complementary strand that depends on the number of bases between the modified positions. By preforming the duplex, photochromism can be suppressed, illustrating dual-mode gated behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Manchester
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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1195
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Reuter R, Wegner HA. meta-Oligoazobiphenyls - synthesis via site-selective Mills reaction and photochemical properties. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:877-83. [PMID: 23015837 PMCID: PMC3388877 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The investigation of multi-photochromic compounds constitutes a great challenge, not only from a synthetic point of view, but also with respect to the analysis of the photochemical properties. In this context we designed a novel strategy to access meta-oligoazobiphenyls via site-selective Mills reaction and Suzuki cross-coupling in a highly efficient iterative way. Photochemical examination of the resulting monomeric and oligomeric azo compounds revealed that the overall degree of switching was independent of the connected azo-units. However, one of the azobonds in the bis-azobiphenyl is isomerized preferentially despite the high structural similarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Reuter
- University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hermann A Wegner
- University of Basel, Department of Chemistry, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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1196
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Affiliation(s)
- Semin Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Indiana University; 800 East Kirkwood Avenue; Bloomington; IN; 47405; USA
| | - Amar H. Flood
- Department of Chemistry; Indiana University; 800 East Kirkwood Avenue; Bloomington; IN; 47405; USA
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1197
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Samanta S, Qin C, Lough AJ, Woolley GA. Bidirectional photocontrol of peptide conformation with a bridged azobenzene derivative. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:6452-5. [PMID: 22644657 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201202383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
It goes both ways: A thiol-reactive cross-linker based on a bridged azobenzene derivative permits photoreversible control of peptide conformation on irradiation with violet (407 nm) and green (500-550 nm) light (see picture) through isomerization of the cross-linker. The large separation of the absorbance bands of the cis (yellow) and trans (red) isomers enables complete bidirectional photoswitching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhas Samanta
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
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1198
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Samanta S, Qin C, Lough AJ, Woolley GA. Bidirectional Photocontrol of Peptide Conformation with a Bridged Azobenzene Derivative. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201202383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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1199
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Zhang J, Hu T, Liu Y, Ma Y, Dong J, Xu L, Zheng Y, Yang H, Wang G. Photoswitched Protein Adsorption on Electrostatically Self-Assembled Azobenzene Films. Chemphyschem 2012; 13:2671-5. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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1200
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Schierling B, Pingoud A. Controlling the DNA cleavage activity of light-inducible chimeric endonucleases by bidirectional photoactivation. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:1105-9. [PMID: 22559722 DOI: 10.1021/bc3001326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A functional coupling of photosensory domains derived from photoreceptors to effector proteins is a promising strategy for engineering novel photoresponsive proteins in optogenetics. Here, we have fused the light-sensitive LOV2 domain from Avena sativa phototropin1 to the restriction enzyme PvuII to generate a genetically encoded, light-controllable endonuclease. By analyzing several LOV-PvuII fusion enzymes, variants were obtained that show a 3-fold difference in DNA cleavage activity, when illuminated with blue light or kept in the dark. The effect is fully reversible over multiple photocycles. Depending on the particular fusion interface, the LOV-PvuII variants obtained had a bidirectional polarity in photoactivation; i.e., increased DNA cleavage activity was observed either in the dark state, with a compact folded LOV domain, or in the blue light photoexcitation state, when the LOV domain is partially unfolded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benno Schierling
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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