Pd-PEPPSI-IPent(Cl): a highly effective catalyst for the selective cross-coupling of secondary organozinc reagents

Cobalt-catalyzed cross-coupling of 3- and 4-iodopiperidines with Grignard reagents

A cobalt-catalyzed cross-coupling between 3- and 4-iodopiperidines and Grignard reagents is disclosed. The reaction is an efficient, cheap, chemoselective, and flexible way to functionalize piperidines. This coupling was used as the key step to realize a short synthesis of (±)-preclamol. Some mechanistic investigations were conducted that highlight the formation of radical intermediates.

Photoredox Cross-Coupling: Ir/Ni Dual Catalysis for the Synthesis of Benzylic Ethers

Single-electron transmetalation has emerged as an enabling paradigm for the cross-coupling of Csp(3) hybridized organotrifluoroborates. Cross-coupling of α-alkoxymethyltrifluoroborates with aryl and heteroaryl bromides has been demonstrated by employing dual catalysis with a combination of an iridium photoredox catalyst and a Ni cross-coupling catalyst. The resulting method enables the alkoxymethylation of diverse (hetero)arenes under mild, room-temperature conditions.

Single-electron transmetalation: an enabling technology for secondary alkylboron cross-coupling

Single-electron-mediated alkyl transfer affords a novel mechanism for transmetalation, enabling cross-coupling under mild conditions. Here, general conditions are reported for cross-coupling of secondary alkyltrifluoroborates with an array of aryl bromides mediated by an Ir photoredox catalyst and a Ni cross-coupling catalyst.

Highly selective palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of secondary alkylzinc reagents with heteroaryl halides

The highly selective palladium-catalyzed Negishi coupling of secondary alkylzinc reagents with heteroaryl halides is described. The development of a series of biarylphosphine ligands has led to the identification of an improved catalyst for the coupling of electron-deficient heterocyclic substrates. Preparation and characterization of oxidative addition complex (L)(Ar)PdBr provided insight into the unique reactivity of catalysts based on CPhos-type ligands in facilitating challenging reductive elimination processes.

Negishi reaction in BODIPY dyes. Unprecedented alkylation by palladium-catalyzed C–C coupling in boron dipyrromethene derivatives

Unprecedented Negishi reaction in haloBODIPYs to yield alkyl, aryl and alkynyl BODIPY dyes, including interesting a symmetrically disubstituted derivatives, is described.

Nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of 2-chloropyridines with alkyl bromides

The synthesis of 2-alkylated pyridines by the nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of two different electrophiles, 2-chloropyridines with alkyl bromides, is described. Compared to our previously published conditions for aryl halides, this method uses the different, more rigid bathophenanthroline ligand and is conducted at high concentration in DMF solvent. The method displays promising functional group compatibility and the conditions are orthogonal to the Stille coupling.

Sulfination by using Pd-PEPPSI complexes: studies into precatalyst activation, cationic and solvent effects and the role of butoxide base

The activation of PEPPSI precatalysts has been systematically studied in Pd-catalysed sulfination. Under the reactions conditions of the sulfide and KOtBu in toluene, the first thing that happens is exchange of the two chlorides on the PEPPSI precatalyst with the corresponding sulfides, creating the first resting state; it is via this complex that all Pd enters the catalytic cycle. However, it is also from this same complex that a tri-Pd complex forms, which is a more persistent resting state. Under standard reaction conditions, this complex is catalytically inactive. However, if additional pyridine or a smaller base (i.e., KOEt) is added, this complex is broken down, presumably initially back to the first resting state and it is again capable of entering the catalytic cycle and completing the sulfination. Of note, once the tri-Pd complex forms, one equivalent of Pd is lost to the transformation. Related to this, the nature of the cation of the sulfide salt and solvent dielectric is very important to the success of this transformation. That is, the less soluble the salt the better the performance, which can be attributed to lowering sulfide concentration to avoid the movement of the Pd-NHC complex into the above described off-cycle sulfinated resting states.