101
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Tuskaev VA, Gagieva SC, Kurmaev DA, Zubkevich SV, Fedyanin IV, Buzin MI, Nikiforova GG, Vasil’ev VG, Saracheno D, Privalov VI, Bulychev BM. MAO‐free copolymerization of ethylene and 1-hexene with Ti (IV) complexes supported by fluorinated 2-hydroxymethylphenol derivatives. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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102
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Yu F, Li P, Xu M, Xu G, Na Y, Zhang S, Wang F, Tan C. Iminopyridyl ligands bearing polyethylene glycol unit for nickel catalyzed ethylene polymerization. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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103
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Peng D, Chen C. Photoresponsive Palladium and Nickel Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerization and Copolymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22195-22200. [PMID: 34312948 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In this contribution, we install an azobenzene functionality in olefin polymerization catalysts and use light to modulate their properties via photoinduced trans-cis isomerization of the azobenzene moiety. The initially targeted azobenzene-functionalized α-diimine palladium and nickel catalysts are not photoresponsive. To address this issue, an imine-amine system bearing interrupted conjugation with the metal center, and a sandwich-type α-diimine system bearing an azobenzene unit at a position covalently far from the metal center were prepared and studied. We demonstrate that light can be used to tune their properties in ethylene polymerization and copolymerization with polar comonomers, enabling light-induced control of the polymerization processes, polymer microstructures and polymer properties. More interestingly, the light-mediated property changes were attributed to ligand electronic effects in one system and ligand steric effects in the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Peng
- University of Science and Technology of China, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, CHINA
| | - Changle Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Jinzhai Rd 96, 230026, Hefei, CHINA
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104
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Cruz TFC, Figueira CA, Veiros LF, Gomes PT. Benzylnickel(II) Complexes of 2-Iminopyrrolyl Chelating Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Catalytic Oligo-/Polymerization of Ethylene to Hyperbranched Polyethylene. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F. C. Cruz
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1000-049 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudia A. Figueira
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1000-049 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís F. Veiros
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1000-049 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro T. Gomes
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, 1000-049 Lisboa, Portugal
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105
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Zhou Z, Anklin C, Kuemmerle R, Cong R, Qiu X, DeCesare J, Kapur MB, Patel R. Very Sensitive 13C NMR Method for the Detection and Quantification of Long-Chain Branches in Ethylene–Hexene Linear Low-Density Polyethylene. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhou
- Dow, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Clemens Anklin
- Bruker BioSpin Corp, 15 Fortune Drive, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Rainer Kuemmerle
- Bruker Switzerland AG, Industriestrasse 26, Fällanden CH-8117, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Johnny DeCesare
- Bruker BioSpin Corp, 15 Fortune Drive, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | | | - Rajen Patel
- Dow, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
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106
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Soheilmoghaddam F, Rumble M, Cooper-White J. High-Throughput Routes to Biomaterials Discovery. Chem Rev 2021; 121:10792-10864. [PMID: 34213880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many existing clinical treatments are limited in their ability to completely restore decreased or lost tissue and organ function, an unenviable situation only further exacerbated by a globally aging population. As a result, the demand for new medical interventions has increased substantially over the past 20 years, with the burgeoning fields of gene therapy, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine showing promise to offer solutions for full repair or replacement of damaged or aging tissues. Success in these fields, however, inherently relies on biomaterials that are engendered with the ability to provide the necessary biological cues mimicking native extracellular matrixes that support cell fate. Accelerating the development of such "directive" biomaterials requires a shift in current design practices toward those that enable rapid synthesis and characterization of polymeric materials and the coupling of these processes with techniques that enable similarly rapid quantification and optimization of the interactions between these new material systems and target cells and tissues. This manuscript reviews recent advances in combinatorial and high-throughput (HT) technologies applied to polymeric biomaterial synthesis, fabrication, and chemical, physical, and biological screening with targeted end-point applications in the fields of gene therapy, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. Limitations of, and future opportunities for, the further application of these research tools and methodologies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Soheilmoghaddam
- Tissue Engineering and Microfluidics Laboratory (TEaM), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University Of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia 4072.,School of Chemical Engineering, University Of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia 4072
| | - Madeleine Rumble
- Tissue Engineering and Microfluidics Laboratory (TEaM), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University Of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia 4072.,School of Chemical Engineering, University Of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia 4072
| | - Justin Cooper-White
- Tissue Engineering and Microfluidics Laboratory (TEaM), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University Of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia 4072.,School of Chemical Engineering, University Of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia 4072
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107
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Zhang H, Zou C, Zhao H, Cai Z, Chen C. Hydrogen-Bonding-Induced Heterogenization of Nickel and Palladium Catalysts for Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Monomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17446-17451. [PMID: 34036725 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The practical synthesis of polar-functionalized polyolefins using transition-metal-catalyzed copolymerization of olefins with polar monomers is a challenge; the use of heterogeneous catalysts is little explored. Herein, we report the synthesis of heterogeneous naphthoquinone-based nickel (Ni/SiO2 ) and palladium (Pd/SiO2 ) catalysts through hydrogen bonding interactions of the ligands with the silica surface. Ni/SiO2 exhibits high activities (up to 2.65×106 g mol-1 h-1 ) during the copolymerization of ethylene with 5-hexene-1-yl-acetate, affording high-molecular-weight (Mn up to 630 000) polar-functionalized semicrystalline polyethylene (comonomer incorporation up to 2.8 mol %), along with great morphology control. The resulting copolymers possess improved surface properties and great mechanical properties. Pd/SiO2 can mediate ethylene copolymerization with polar monomers with moderate activity to produce high-molecular-weight copolymers with tunable comonomer incorporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Huipeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhengguo Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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108
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Zhang H, Zou C, Zhao H, Cai Z, Chen C. Hydrogen‐Bonding‐Induced Heterogenization of Nickel and Palladium Catalysts for Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Monomers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Chen Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
| | - Huipeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Zhengguo Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P. R. China
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109
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Goryunov GP, Sharikov MI, Iashin AN, Canich JAM, Mattler SJ, Hagadorn JR, Uborsky DV, Voskoboynikov AZ. Rigid Postmetallocene Catalysts for Propylene Polymerization: Ligand Design Prevents the Temperature-Dependent Loss of Stereo- and Regioselectivities. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgy P. Goryunov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail I. Sharikov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei N. Iashin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Jo Ann M. Canich
- Baytown Technology and Engineering Complex, ExxonMobil Chemical Company, 5200 Bayway Drive, Baytown, Texas 77520, United States
| | - Sarah J. Mattler
- Baytown Technology and Engineering Complex, ExxonMobil Chemical Company, 5200 Bayway Drive, Baytown, Texas 77520, United States
| | - John R. Hagadorn
- Baytown Technology and Engineering Complex, ExxonMobil Chemical Company, 5200 Bayway Drive, Baytown, Texas 77520, United States
| | - Dmitry V. Uborsky
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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110
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Zhang J, Mason AH, Wang Y, Motta A, Kobayashi T, Pruski M, Gao Y, Marks TJ. Beyond the Active Site. Cp*ZrMe
3
/Sulfated Alumina‐Catalyzed Olefin Polymerization Tacticity via Catalyst⋅⋅⋅Surface Ion‐Pairing. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208–3113 USA
| | - Alexander H. Mason
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208–3113 USA
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208–3113 USA
| | - Alessandro Motta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche Università di Roma “La Sapienza” and INSTM UdR Roma Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 I-00185 Roma Italy
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011–3020 USA
| | - Marek Pruski
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory Iowa State University Ames IA 50011–3020 USA
| | - Yanshan Gao
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208–3113 USA
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Catalysis in Energy Processes (ICEP) Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208–3113 USA
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111
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Richardson GM, Douair I, Cameron SA, Bracegirdle J, Keyzers RA, Hill MS, Maron L, Anker MD. Hydroarylation of olefins catalysed by a dimeric ytterbium(II) alkyl. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3147. [PMID: 34035284 PMCID: PMC8149703 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23444-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the nucleophilic alkylation of aromatics has recently been achieved with a variety of potent main group reagents, all of this reactivity is limited to a stoichiometric regime. We now report that the ytterbium(II) hydride, [BDIDippYbH]2 (BDIDipp = CH[C(CH3)NDipp]2, Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl), reacts with ethene and propene to provide the ytterbium(II) n-alkyls, [BDIDippYbR]2 (R = Et or Pr), both of which alkylate benzene at room temperature. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that this latter process operates through the nucleophilic (SN2) displacement of hydride, while the resultant regeneration of [BDIDippYbH]2 facilitates further reaction with ethene or propene and enables the direct catalytic (anti-Markovnikov) hydroarylation of both alkenes with a benzene C-H bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia M Richardson
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Iskander Douair
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, Toulouse, France
| | - Scott A Cameron
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Joe Bracegirdle
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse et CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, Toulouse, France.
| | - Mathew D Anker
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
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112
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Kulyabin PS, Goryunov GP, Sharikov MI, Izmer VV, Vittoria A, Budzelaar PHM, Busico V, Voskoboynikov AZ, Ehm C, Cipullo R, Uborsky DV. ansa-Zirconocene Catalysts for Isotactic-Selective Propene Polymerization at High Temperature: A Long Story Finds a Happy Ending. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7641-7647. [PMID: 33979148 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Absolute rigidity is rare in the "soft" world of organometallics. Here we introduce two cyclopenta[a]triptycyl ansa-zirconocene catalysts for isotactic-selective propene polymerization, designed by means of an integrated high-throughput experimentation/quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling approach. An ultrarigid ligand precisely wrapped around the Zr center enforces an enzyme-like lock and key fit, effectively hampering undesired reactive events, even at high temperature. Stereodefective units are hardly detectable by 13C NMR in the polymer produced at 120 °C; this corresponds to an enantioselectivity exceeding 6-7 kcal/mol: i.e., less than 1 propene misinsertion every 4000 (and at room temperature, one every ∼40000!).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel S Kulyabin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgy P Goryunov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail I Sharikov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vyatcheslav V Izmer
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Antonio Vittoria
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Peter H M Budzelaar
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Busico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alexander Z Voskoboynikov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Christian Ehm
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberta Cipullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Dmitry V Uborsky
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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113
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114
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Schiebel E, Voccia M, Falivene L, Caporaso L, Mecking S. The Impact of Charge in a Ni(II) Polymerization Catalyst. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Schiebel
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Maria Voccia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Papa Paolo Giovanni II, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Laura Falivene
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Papa Paolo Giovanni II, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Lucia Caporaso
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Papa Paolo Giovanni II, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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115
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Novel titanium(IV) diolate complexes with additional O‐donor as precatalyst for the synthesis of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene with reduced entanglement density: Influence of polymerization conditions and its implications on mechanical properties. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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116
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Faingol'd E, Saratovskikh S, Panin A, Babkina O, Zharkov I, Garifullin N, Shilov G, Bravaya N. Ethylene/propylene and ethylene/propylene/5-ethylidene-2-norbornene copolymerizations on metallocene/(2,6-tBu2PhO-)AliBu2 catalyst systems. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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117
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Investigations on the Ethylene Polymerization with Bisarylimine Pyridine Iron (BIP) Catalysts. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11030407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The kinetics and terminations of ethylene polymerization, mediated by five bisarylimine pyridine (BIP) iron dichloride precatalysts, and activated by large amounts of methyl aluminoxane (MAO) was studied. Narrow distributed paraffins from initially formed aluminum polymeryls and broader distributed 1-polyolefins and (bimodal) mixtures, thereof, were obtained after acidic workup. The main pathway of olefin formation is beta-hydrogen transfer to ethylene. The rate of polymerization in the initial phase is inversely proportional to the co-catalyst concentration for all pre-catalysts; a first-order dependence was found on ethylene and catalyst concentrations. The inhibition by aluminum alkyls is released to some extent in a second phase, which arises after the original methyl groups are transformed into n-alkyl entities and the aluminum polymeryls partly precipitate in the toluene medium. The catalysis is interpretable in a mechanism, wherein, the relative rate of chain shuttling, beta-hydrogen transfer and insertion of ethylene are determining the outcome. Beta-hydrogen transfer enables catalyst mobility, which leads to a (degenerate) chain growth of already precipitated aluminum alkyls. Stronger Lewis acidic centers of the single site catalysts, and those with smaller ligands, are more prone to yield 1-olefins and to undergo a faster reversible alkyl exchange between aluminum and iron.
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118
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Maity B, Cao Z, Kumawat J, Gupta V, Cavallo L. A Multivariate Linear Regression Approach to Predict Ethene/1-Olefin Copolymerization Statistics Promoted by Group 4 Catalysts. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bholanath Maity
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhen Cao
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jugal Kumawat
- Reliance Research & Development Centre, Reliance Corporate Park, Reliance Industries Limited, Navi Mumbai 400 701, India
| | - Virendrakumar Gupta
- Reliance Research & Development Centre, Reliance Corporate Park, Reliance Industries Limited, Navi Mumbai 400 701, India
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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119
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Mote NR, Gaikwad SR, Khopade KV, Gonnade RG, Chikkali SH. Controlled di-lithiation enabled synthesis of phosphine-sulfonamide ligands and implications in ethylene oligomerization. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:3717-3723. [PMID: 33634816 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00093d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Catalyst design for ethylene oligomerization has attracted significant interest. Herein, we report the synthesis of phosphine-sulfonamide-derived palladium complexes and examine their performance in ethylene oligomerization. Arresting a dilithiation intermediate of N-(2-bromophenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (1) at -84 °C selectively produced N-(2-(bis(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphanyl)phenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (L1A). However, the same reaction at -41 °C delivered a different ligand; 2-(bis(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphanyl)-4-methyl-N-phenylbenzenesulfonamide (L2A). The generality of our strategy has been demonstrated by preparing N-(2-(diphenylphosphanyl)phenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide (L1B) and 2-(diphenylphosphanyl)-4-methyl-N-phenylbenzenesulfonamide (L2B). Subsequently, L1A and L1B were treated with a palladium precursor to yield 5-membered complexes C1 and C2, respectively. In contrast, L2A upon treatment with palladium produced a 6-membered metal complex C3. Thus, a small library of 7 palladium complexes (C1-C7) were synthesized by varying the donor moiety (pyridine, DMSO, and acetonitrile). The identity of palladium complexes was unambiguously ascertained using a combination of spectroscopic and analytical methods, including single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The performance of the complexes C1-C7 was investigated in ethylene oligomerization and almost all of them were found to be active. The resultant ethylene oligomers were characterized using 1H and 13C NMR, MALDI-ToF-MS, and GPC. Detailed screening of reaction parameters revealed 100 °C and 40 bars ethylene to be optimal conditions. Complex C5 outperformed other complexes and produced ethylene oligomers with a molecular weight of 1000-1900 g mol-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh R Mote
- Polyolefin Laboratory, Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110001, India
| | - Shahaji R Gaikwad
- Polyolefin Laboratory, Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110001, India
| | - Kishor V Khopade
- Polyolefin Laboratory, Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110001, India
| | - Rajesh G Gonnade
- Center for Materials Characterization, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India
| | - Samir H Chikkali
- Polyolefin Laboratory, Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune-411008, India. and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi-110001, India
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120
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Gunther SO, Lai Q, Senecal T, Huacuja R, Bremer S, Pearson DM, DeMott JC, Bhuvanesh N, Ozerov OV, Klosin J. Highly Efficient Carborane-Based Activators for Molecular Olefin Polymerization Catalysts. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Olivia Gunther
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Qingheng Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Todd Senecal
- Corporate R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 1776 Building, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Rafael Huacuja
- Corporate R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 1776 Building, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Sean Bremer
- Corporate R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 1776 Building, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - David M. Pearson
- Corporate R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 1776 Building, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Jessica C. DeMott
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Nattamai Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Oleg V. Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, 3255 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Jerzy Klosin
- Corporate R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 1776 Building, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
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121
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Zhang J, Mason AH, Motta A, Cesar LG, Kratish Y, Lohr TL, Miller JT, Gao Y, Marks TJ. Surface vs Homogeneous Organo-Hafnium Catalyst Ion-Pairing and Ligand Effects on Ethylene Homo- and Copolymerizations. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Alexander H. Mason
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Alessandro Motta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Roma “La Sapienza” and INSTM, UdR Roma, piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Laryssa G. Cesar
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yosi Kratish
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tracy L. Lohr
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jeffrey T. Miller
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Yanshan Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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122
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Li S, Zhao Y, Dai S. Synthesis of polyethylene thermoplastic elastomer by using robust
α‐diimine
Ni(
II
) catalysts with abundant
t
Bu
substituents. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuaikang Li
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei Anhui China
| | - Yihua Zhao
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei Anhui China
| | - Shengyu Dai
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei Anhui China
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123
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Wang C, Kang X, Dai S, Cui F, Li Y, Mu H, Mecking S, Jian Z. Efficient Suppression of Chain Transfer and Branching via C s -Type Shielding in a Neutral Nickel(II) Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4018-4022. [PMID: 33200862 PMCID: PMC7898505 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An effective shielding of both apical positions of a neutral NiII active site is achieved by dibenzosuberyl groups, both attached via the same donors' N-aryl group in a Cs -type arrangement. The key aniline building block is accessible in a single step from commercially available dibenzosuberol. This shielding approach suppresses chain transfer and branch formation to such an extent that ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylenes (5×106 g mol-1 ) are accessible, with a strictly linear microstructure (<0.1 branches/1000C). Key features of this highly active (4.3×105 turnovers h-1 ) catalyst are an exceptionally facile preparation, thermal robustness (up to 90 °C polymerization temperature), ability for living polymerization and compatibility with THF as a polar reaction medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesRenmin Street 5625Changchun130022China
- University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
| | - Xiaohui Kang
- College of PharmacyDalian Medical UniversityDalian116044China
| | - Shengyu Dai
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyKey Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of EducationAnhui UniversityHefeiAnhui230601China
| | - Fengchao Cui
- Key laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of the Ministry of EducationFaculty of ChemistryNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun130024China
| | - Yunqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesRenmin Street 5625Changchun130022China
| | - Hongliang Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesRenmin Street 5625Changchun130022China
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Chair of Chemical Materials ScienceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Konstanz78457KonstanzGermany
| | - Zhongbao Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesRenmin Street 5625Changchun130022China
- University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China
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124
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Chain Transfer to Solvent and Monomer in Early Transition Metal Catalyzed Olefin Polymerization: Mechanisms and Implications for Catalysis. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Even after several decades of intense research, mechanistic studies of olefin polymerization by early transition metal catalysts continue to reveal unexpected elementary reaction steps. In this mini-review, the recent discovery of two unprecedented chain termination processes is summarized: chain transfer to solvent (CTS) and chain transfer to monomer (CTM), leading to benzyl/tolyl and allyl type chain ends, respectively. Although similar transfer reactions are well-known in radical polymerization, only very recently they have been observed also in olefin insertion polymerization catalysis. In the latter context, these processes were first identified in Ti-catalyzed propene and ethene polymerization; more recently, CTS was also reported in Sc-catalyzed styrene polymerization. In the Ti case, these processes represent a unique combination of insertion polymerization, organic radical chemistry and reactivity of a M(IV)/M(III) redox couple. In the Sc case, CTS occurs via a σ-bond metathesis reactivity, and it is associated with a significant boost of catalytic activity and/or with tuning of polystyrene molecular weight and tacticity. The mechanistic studies that led to the understanding of these chain transfer reactions are summarized, highlighting their relevance in olefin polymerization catalysis and beyond.
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125
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Zanchin G, Leone G. Polyolefin thermoplastic elastomers from polymerization catalysis: Advantages, pitfalls and future challenges. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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126
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Zanchin G, Piovano A, Amodio A, De Stefano F, Di Girolamo R, Groppo E, Leone G. NEt 3-Triggered Synthesis of UHMWPE Using Chromium Complexes Bearing Non-innocent Iminopyridine Ligands. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Zanchin
- CNR, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC), via A. Corti 12, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Piovano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, NIS Interdepartmental Research Center and INSTM Reference Center, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via G. Quarello 15A, I-10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Alessia Amodio
- Dipartimento di Chimica, NIS Interdepartmental Research Center and INSTM Reference Center, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via G. Quarello 15A, I-10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Fabio De Stefano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Rocco Di Girolamo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Elena Groppo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, NIS Interdepartmental Research Center and INSTM Reference Center, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via G. Quarello 15A, I-10135 Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Leone
- CNR, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC), via A. Corti 12, I-20133 Milano, Italy
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127
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Zhou Z, Anklin C, Cong R, Qiu X, Kuemmerle R. Long-Chain Branch Detection and Quantification in Ethylene–Hexene LLDPE with 13C NMR. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhou
- Core R&D Analytical Science: Macromolecular Characterization, Dow, 230 Abner Jackson Pkwy, ECB/1B182, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Clemens Anklin
- Bruker BioSpin Corporation, 15 Fortune Drive, Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, United States
| | - Rongjuan Cong
- Core R&D Analytical Science: Macromolecular Characterization, Dow, 230 Abner Jackson Pkwy, ECB/1B182, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Xiaohua Qiu
- Core R&D Analytical Science: Macromolecular Characterization, Dow, 230 Abner Jackson Pkwy, ECB/1B182, Lake Jackson, Texas 77566, United States
| | - Rainer Kuemmerle
- Bruker Switzerland AG, Industriestrasse 26, CH-8117 Fällanden, Switzerland
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128
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Li S, Lu Z, Fan W, Dai S. Efficient incorporation of a polar comonomer for direct synthesis of hyperbranched polar functional ethylene oligomers. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj05857b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hyperbranched polar functional ethylene oligomers with very high incorporation can be accessible via ethylene–MA co-oligomerization with iminopyridyl Pd(ii) catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaikang Li
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Zhou Lu
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Weigang Fan
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- China
| | - Shengyu Dai
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology
- Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education
- Anhui University
- Hefei
- China
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129
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Structure and property of comb-like polyolefins derived from highly Stereospecific homo-polymerization of higher α-olefins. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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130
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Wang YC, Cheng PY, Zhang ZQ, Fan KX, Lu RQ, Zhang S, Wu YX. Highly efficient terpolymerizations of ethylene/propylene/ENB with a half-titanocene catalytic system. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01140e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly efficient terpolymerization of ethylene, propylene and 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene using a half-titanocene containing iminoimidazolidine with methylaluminoxane/Al(iBu)3/2,6-ditertbutyl-4-methyl-phenol was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Pei-Yi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhi-Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ke-Xin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Rui-Qi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yi-Xian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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131
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Kilpatrick AFR, Geddes HS, Turner ZR, Buffet JC, Goodwin AL, O'Hare D. Polymethylaluminoxane organic frameworks (sMAOF) – highly active supports for slurry phase ethylene polymerisation. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00767j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A series of modified solid polymethylaluminoxane (sMAO) catalyst supports have been developed for slurry phase ethylene polymerisation, using aryl di-ol modifier groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zoë R. Turner
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Jean-Charles Buffet
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | | | - Dermot O'Hare
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
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132
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Wang B, Liu H, Zhang C, Tang T, Zhang X. Propylene homopolymerization and copolymerization with ethylene by acenaphthene-based α-diimine nickel complexes to access EPR-like elastomers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00923k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of acenaphthene-based α-diimine nickel complexes were synthesized and subsequently used for accessing branched EPR-like elastomers with different compositions and chain structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Wang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, Jilin, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Heng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Tao Tang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun, 130022, Jilin, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xuequan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
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133
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Nifant'ev IE, Ivchenko PV, Vinogradov AA. Heterocycle-fused cyclopentadienyl metal complexes: Heterocene synthesis, structure and catalytic applications. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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134
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Highly efficient incorporation of polar comonomers in copolymerizations with ethylene using iminopyridyl palladium system. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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135
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Abstract
A comprehensive review of all the methodologies developed for the synthesis of telechelic polyolefins is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwei Yan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Damien Guironnet
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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136
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Mehmood A, Xu X, Raza W, Kukkar D, Kim KH, Luo Y. Computational study of the copolymerization mechanism of ethylene with methyl 2-acetamidoacrylate catalyzed by phosphine-sulfonate palladium complexes. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02698d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this research, a computational study is carried out to describe the insertion of a vital monomer, methyl 2-acetamidoacrylate (MAAA), into catalyst A (A = [(POOMe,OMe)PdMe]) (POOMe,OMe = 2[2-MeOC6H4](2-SO3-5-MeC6H4)P).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andleeb Mehmood
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Waseem Raza
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Deepak Kukkar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
- PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing 102206, China
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137
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Dong J, Wang B. Homo- and copolymerization of norbornene using tridentate IzQO palladium catalysts with dimethylaminoethyl as a side arm. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00699a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rigid IzQO–Pd catalysts were synthesized by Rh(iii)-catalyzed C–H/alkyne annulation and applied for the homo- and copolymerizations of norbornene with polar vinyl monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Baiquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, PR China
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138
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Thakur AK, Gupta SK, Chaudhari P. Slurry-phase ethylene polymerization processes: a review on multiscale modeling and simulations. REV CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2020-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Slurry polymerization processes using Zeigler–Natta catalysts, are most widely used for the production of polyethylene due to their several advantages over other processes. Significant advancements have been made in the modeling of these processes to obtain high-quality final products. The modeling work in this field has a very wide scope due to the great diversity of the catalyst types, polymerization processes, polymerization conditions, product qualities and microstructures that exist at the commercial scale. In this article, we have reviewed and discussed the slurry polymerization processes for the production of polyethylene and the multiscale modeling and simulation framework in slurry reactors. The multiscale modeling framework mainly comprises of the kinetic model, single-particle diffusion models, multiphase hydrodynamics, phase equilibria, reactor residence time distribution and the overall mass and heat balances. Guidelines to implement the multiscale mathematical modeling and simulation in slurry-phase olefin polymerization processes are proposed. Special focus is given on the need to reduce the computational effort for the simulation of industrial reactors so that the models can be used as an effective tool-kit for optimization studies using state-of-art algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K. Thakur
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES) , Dehradun , 248007 , Uttarakhand , India
| | - Santosh K. Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES) , Dehradun , 248007 , Uttarakhand , India
| | - Pranava Chaudhari
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES) , Dehradun , 248007 , Uttarakhand , India
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139
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Wang C, Kang X, Dai S, Cui F, Li Y, Mu H, Mecking S, Jian Z. Efficient Suppression of Chain Transfer and Branching via
C
s
‐Type Shielding in a Neutral Nickel(II) Catalyst. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Xiaohui Kang
- College of Pharmacy Dalian Medical University Dalian 116044 China
| | - Shengyu Dai
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei Anhui 230601 China
| | - Fengchao Cui
- Key laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of the Ministry of Education Faculty of Chemistry Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China
| | - Yunqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 China
| | - Hongliang Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 China
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science Department of Chemistry University of Konstanz 78457 Konstanz Germany
| | - Zhongbao Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Renmin Street 5625 Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
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140
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Aoki H, Nomura K. Synthesis of Amorphous Ethylene Copolymers with 2-Vinylnaphthalene, 4-Vinylbiphenyl and 1-(4-Vinylphenyl)naphthalene. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Aoki
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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141
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The Effect of SiMe
3
and SiEt
3
Para
Substituents for High Activity and Introduction of a Hydroxy Group in Ethylene Copolymerization Catalyzed by Phenoxide‐Modified Half‐Titanocenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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142
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Gragert MM, Tomov AK, Bettonville S, Pannier G, White AJP, Britovsek GJP. Biaryl Group 4 Metal Complexes as Non‐Metallocene Catalysts for Polyethylene with Long Chain Branching. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria M. Gragert
- Department of Chemistry, MSRH Imperial College White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane W12 0BZ London United Kingdom
| | - Atanas K. Tomov
- Department of Chemistry, MSRH Imperial College White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane W12 0BZ London United Kingdom
| | - Serge Bettonville
- INEOS, NOH Technology Centre Rue de Ransbeek 310 1120 Brussels Belgium
| | - Gaëlle Pannier
- INEOS, NOH Technology Centre Rue de Ransbeek 310 1120 Brussels Belgium
| | - Andrew J. P. White
- Department of Chemistry, MSRH Imperial College White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane W12 0BZ London United Kingdom
| | - George J. P. Britovsek
- Department of Chemistry, MSRH Imperial College White City Campus, 80 Wood Lane W12 0BZ London United Kingdom
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143
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Mecking S, Schnitte M. Neutral Nickel(II) Catalysts: From Hyperbranched Oligomers to Nanocrystal-Based Materials. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2738-2752. [PMID: 33094994 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Plastics materials are a vital component of modern technologies. They are applied, e.g., in construction, transportation, communication, water supply, or health care. Consequently, polyolefins-the most important plastics by scale-are produced in vast amounts by catalytic polymerization. Effective and selective as the catalysts used may be, their high sensitivity toward any polar compounds limits these methods to hydrocarbon reaction media and monomers like ethylene and propylene, respectively. This can be overcome by less oxophilic late transition metal catalysts, and here particularly neutral nickel(II) catalysts have seen major advances in the past few years. They stand out due to being capable of aqueous catalytic polymerizations. Aqueous polymerizations are benign processes that advantageously yield polymers in the form of particles. Moreover, these catalysts can incorporate polar monomers like acrylates, a realm previously restricted to noble metal catalysts. The introduction of polar moieties can induce properties like compatibility with metals or fibers in high performance composite materials or a desirable degradability.This Account provides a personal account of developments in the past decade. Prior findings are outlined briefly as a background. Aqueous polymerizations afford unique polyethylene morphologies as a result of the unusual underlying particle growth mechanism. Polymer single crystals are formed, which can be composed of a single ultrahigh molecular weight chain. This represents a completely disentangled state of such extremely long polymer chains, which has been long sought-after in order to overcome the difficult processing of high performance ultrahigh molecular weight materials. A key prerequisite for this approach and utilization of these catalysts, in general, is control of polymer branching and molecular weight. This is achieved via remote substituents on the Ni(II)-chelating ligand. Despite their distal position to the active site, weak secondary interactions control whether branching and chain transfer pathways compete very effectively with chain growth or are suppressed entirely. This provides access to hyperbranched oligomers, on the one hand, and enables living polymerizations to strictly linear high molecular weight polymer, on the other hand. Other advanced catalysts provide linear copolymers with in-chain polar monomer repeat units for the first time with non-noble metal active sites. Mechanistic studies further revealed that for copolymerizations with polar vinyl monomers the decisive limiting factor is irreversible termination reactions with neutral Ni(II) catalysts, rather than the well-recognized reversible blocking of coordination sites by the polar functional groups found for other types of catalysts. The mechanistic picture also implies the possibility of free-radical pathways, and their role in the formation of desirable polymer end groups and polymer blends is now being recognized. The area of neutral Ni(II) catalysts has progressed significantly in the entire range from fundamental mechanistic understanding, catalyst performance, and previously inaccessible polymer microstructures, and it is moving forward to materials through unique concepts. The unprecedented ability to incorporate functional groups into linear crystalline polyethylene also provides perspectives for much needed polyolefin materials that will not persist in the natural environment for several decades but that can be degraded by virtue of low levels of functional groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Mecking
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Manuel Schnitte
- Chair of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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144
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Mrinmay Mandal, Debashis Chakraborty. Zirconium and Hafnium Complexes Bearing Salen Ligands for the Polymerization of Ethylene. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090420060068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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145
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Mostafa Khoshsefat, Mogheiseh M, Zohuri GH, Ahmadjo S. Topological and Electronic Properties of Chlorine-Substituents on the α-Diimine Ni-based Catalysts. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090420330039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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146
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Koide K, Yi J, Kuboki M, Yamazoe S, Nakatani N, Nomura K. Synthesis and Structural Analysis of Four Coordinate (Arylimido)niobium(V) Dimethyl Complexes Containing Phenoxide Ligand: MAO-Free Ethylene Polymerization by the Cationic Nb(V)–Methyl Complex. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Koide
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioiji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Jun Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioiji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Masaharu Kuboki
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioiji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamazoe
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioiji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakatani
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioiji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami Osawa, Hachioiji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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147
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Ehm C, Vittoria A, Goryunov GP, Izmer VV, Kononovich DS, Kulyabin PS, Di Girolamo R, Budzelaar PHM, Voskoboynikov AZ, Busico V, Uborsky DV, Cipullo R. A Systematic Study of the Temperature-Induced Performance Decline of ansa-Metallocenes for iPP. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Ehm
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Vittoria
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Georgy P. Goryunov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Vyatcheslav V. Izmer
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Dmitry S. Kononovich
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Pavel S. Kulyabin
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Rocco Di Girolamo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H. M. Budzelaar
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Z. Voskoboynikov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Busico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Dmitry V. Uborsky
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1/3 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Roberta Cipullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- DPI, P.O. Box 902, 5600 AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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148
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Gil-Negrete JM, Hevia E. Main group bimetallic partnerships for cooperative catalysis. Chem Sci 2020; 12:1982-1992. [PMID: 34163960 PMCID: PMC8179316 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05116k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade s-block metal catalysis has undergone a transformation from being an esoteric curiosity to a well-established and consolidated field towards sustainable synthesis. Earth-abundant metals such as Ca, Mg, and Al have shown eye-opening catalytic performances in key catalytic processes such as hydrosilylation, hydroamination or alkene polymerization. In parallel to these studies, s-block mixed-metal reagents have also been attracting widespread interest from scientists. These bimetallic reagents effect many cornerstone organic transformations, often providing enhanced reactivities and better chemo- and regioselectivities than conventional monometallic reagents. Despite a significant number of synthetic advances to date, most efforts have focused primarily on stoichiometric transformations. Merging these two exciting areas of research, this Perspective Article provides an overview on the emerging concept of s/p-block cooperative catalysis. Showcasing recent contributions from several research groups across the world, the untapped potential that these systems can offer in catalytic transformations is discussed with special emphasis placed on how synergistic effects can operate and the special roles played by each metal in these transformations. Advancing the understanding of the ground rules of s-block cooperative catalysis, the application of these bimetalic systems in a critical selection of catalytic transformations encompassing hydroamination, cyclisation, hydroboration to C-C bond forming processes are presented as well as their uses in important polymerization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Gil-Negrete
- Department für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern CH3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Eva Hevia
- Department für Chemie und Biochemie, Universität Bern CH3012 Bern Switzerland
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149
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Kitphaitun S, Yan Q, Nomura K. The Effect of SiMe 3 and SiEt 3 Para Substituents for High Activity and Introduction of a Hydroxy Group in Ethylene Copolymerization Catalyzed by Phenoxide-Modified Half-Titanocenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23072-23076. [PMID: 32886419 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Remarkable effects of SiMe3 and SiEt3 para-substituents in the phenoxide-modified half-titanocenes, Cp*TiCl2 (O-2,6-i Pr2 -4-R-C6 H2 ) [R=SiMe3 (6), SiEt3 (7)], toward the catalytic activities in ethylene copolymerizations with 2-methyl-1-pentene, 1-decene, 1-dodecene and with 9-decen-1-ol (DC-OH) have been demonstrated. The activities by 6, 7 at 50 °C showed higher than those conducted at 25 °C in all cases in the presence of MAO cocatalyst. Efficient synthesis of high-molecular-weight (HMW) ethylene copolymers incorporating DC-OH (or 5-hexen-1-ol, HX-OH) has been attained in the copolymerization by 7, which showed better DC-OH (HX-OH) incorporation at 50 °C to afford the HMW copolymers, poly(ethylene-co-DC-OH)s, with high activities (activity 1.21-3.81×105 kg-polymer mol-1 -Ti h, Mn =6.55-10.0×104 , DC-OH 2.3-3.6 mol %).
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Affiliation(s)
- Suphitchaya Kitphaitun
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0376, Japan
| | - Qing Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0376, Japan
| | - Kotohiro Nomura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0376, Japan
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150
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Patel K, Chikkali SH, Sivaram S. Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene: Catalysis, structure, properties, processing and applications. Prog Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2020.101290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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