101
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Buer BC, de la Salud-Bea R, Al Hashimi HM, Marsh ENG. Engineering protein stability and specificity using fluorous amino acids: the importance of packing effects. Biochemistry 2009; 48:10810-7. [PMID: 19824630 DOI: 10.1021/bi901481k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of extensively fluorinated, or fluorous, analogues of hydrophobic amino acids into proteins potentially provides the opportunity to modulate the physicochemical properties of proteins in a predictable manner. On the basis of the properties of small fluorocarbon molecules, extensively fluorinated proteins should be both more thermodynamically stable and self-segregate through "fluorous" interactions between fluorinated amino acids. We have examined the effects of introducing the fluorous leucine analogue l-5,5,5,5',5',5',-hexafluoroleucine (hFLeu) at various positions within the hydrophobic core of a de novo-designed four-alpha-helix bundle protein, alpha(4). The stabilizing effect of hFLeu is strongly dependent on the positions at which it is incorporated, with per-residue DeltaDeltaG(degrees)((fold)) ranging from -0.09 to -0.8 kcal mol(-1) residue(-1). In particular, incorporating hFLeu at all the "a" positions or all the "d" positions of the hydrophobic core, thereby creating an alternating packing arrangement of leucine and hFLeu, leads to very stably folded proteins that exhibit higher per-residue DeltaDeltaG(degrees)((fold)) values than proteins that are packed entirely with hFleu. We conclude that efficient packing of the fluorous amino acid within the hydrophobic core provides a more important contribution to enhancing protein stability than do fluorocarbon-fluorocarbon interactions between fluorinated protein side chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin C Buer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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102
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Chaume G, Lensen N, Caupène C, Brigaud T. Convenient Synthesis ofN-Terminal Tfm-Dipeptides from Unprotected Enantiopure α-Tfm-Proline and α-Tfm-Alanine. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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103
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104
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Riess JG. Highly fluorinated amphiphilic molecules and self-assemblies with biomedical potential. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2009.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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105
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Zhou P, Zou J, Tian F, Shang Z. Fluorine Bonding — How Does It Work In Protein−Ligand Interactions? J Chem Inf Model 2009; 49:2344-55. [DOI: 10.1021/ci9002393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, Key Laboratory for Molecular Design and Nutrition Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China, and Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Jianwei Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, Key Laboratory for Molecular Design and Nutrition Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China, and Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Feifei Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, Key Laboratory for Molecular Design and Nutrition Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China, and Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Zhicai Shang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, Key Laboratory for Molecular Design and Nutrition Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China, and Center for Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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106
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Salwiczek M, Samsonov S, Vagt T, Nyakatura E, Fleige E, Numata J, Cölfen H, Pisabarro M, Koksch B. Position-Dependent Effects of Fluorinated Amino Acids on the Hydrophobic Core Formation of a Heterodimeric Coiled Coil. Chemistry 2009; 15:7628-36. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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107
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Gulevich AV, Shpilevaya IV, Nenajdenko VG. The Passerini Reaction with CF3-Carbonyl Compounds - Multicomponent Approach to Trifluoromethyl Depsipeptides. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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108
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Gavette JV, McGrath JM, Spuches AM, Sargent AL, Allen WE. Fluorous effects in amide-based receptors for anions. J Org Chem 2009; 74:3706-10. [PMID: 19358581 DOI: 10.1021/jo9000788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid receptors designed to recognize both the sulfonate headgroup and the fluorous tail of perfluorooctanesulfonate (CF(3)(CF(2))(7)SO(3)(-), "PFOS") were prepared by coupling fluorinated carboxylic acids onto poly(aminomethyl)benzene scaffolds. Binding to PFOS, CF(3)SO(3)(-), p-TsO(-), and Cl(-) was monitored by (1)H NMR and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). In chloroform solvent, hydrogen-bonding to anions is accompanied by downfield shifts in the amide NH protons of the fluorinated receptors and by evolution of heat. Association constants for 1:1 complexation (K(assoc)) are >1000 M(-1). An analogous hydrocarbon receptor binds weakly to anionic guests (K(assoc) < 50 M(-1)). Ab initio calculations indicate that the differences in 1:1 binding strengths between fluorous and nonfluorous hosts cannot be ascribed to differences in NH donor acidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse V Gavette
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Technology Building, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27858-4353, USA
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109
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Jiang M, Shi M. Reactions of methylenecyclopropanes and vinylidenecyclopropanes with N-fluorodibenzenesulfonimide. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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110
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Ishida Y, Iwahashi N, Nishizono N, Saigo K. A practical method to access enantiopure β-perfluoroalkyl-β-amino acids: diastereoselective reduction of cyclic enamino-esters. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.01.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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111
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Ramachandran PV, Reddy GV, Biswas D. γ-Fluorophenyl-GABA derivatives from fluorobenzonitriles in high diastereomeric and enantiomeric excess. J Fluor Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2008.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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112
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Jagodzinska M, Huguenot F, Candiani G, Zanda M. Assessing the Bioisosterism of the Trifluoromethyl Group with a Protease Probe. ChemMedChem 2009; 4:49-51. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200800321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Jagodzinska
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano (Italy)
| | - Florent Huguenot
- C.N.R.–Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano (Italy), Fax: (+39) 02‐2399‐3080
| | - Gabriele Candiani
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “G. Natta”, Politecnico di Milano via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano (Italy)
| | - Matteo Zanda
- C.N.R.–Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano (Italy), Fax: (+39) 02‐2399‐3080
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113
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Montclare JK, Son S, Clark GA, Kumar K, Tirrell DA. Biosynthesis and stability of coiled-coil peptides containing (2S,4R)-5,5,5-trifluoroleucine and (2S,4S)-5,5,5-trifluoroleucine. Chembiochem 2009; 10:84-6. [PMID: 19090517 PMCID: PMC3212351 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200800164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kim Montclare
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA, Department of Biochemistry, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Soojin Son
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Fax: (+1) 626-793-8472
| | - Ginevra A. Clark
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Krishna Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
- Cancer Center, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02110, USA
| | - David A. Tirrell
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA, Fax: (+1) 626-793-8472
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114
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Eppe G, Peltier P, Daniellou R, Nugier-Chauvin C, Ferrières V, Vincent SP. Probing UDP-galactopyranose mutase binding pocket: a dramatic effect on substitution of the 6-position of UDP-galactofuranose. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 19:814-6. [PMID: 19119008 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2008] [Revised: 12/03/2008] [Accepted: 12/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UDP-galactopyranose mutase (UGM) catalyzes the isomerization of UDP-galactopyranose (UDP-Galp) into UDP-galactofuranose (UDP-Galf), an essential step of the mycobacterial cell wall biosynthesis. UDP-(6-deoxy-6-fluoro)-D-galactofuranose 1 was tested as substrate of UGM. Turnover could be observed by HPLC. The k(cat) (7.4s(-1)) and the K(m) (24 mM) of 1 were thus measured and compared with those of UDP-Galf and other fluorinated analogs. The presence of the fluorine atom at the 6-position had a moderate effect on the rate of the reaction but a huge one on the interactions between the enzyme and its substrate. This result demonstrated that key interactions occur at the vicinity of the 6-position of UDP-galactose in the Michaelis complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Eppe
- University of Namur (FUNDP), Département de Chimie, Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-Organique, rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
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115
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Gulevich AV, Shevchenko NE, Balenkova ES, Röschenthaler GV, Nenajdenko VG. The Ugi reaction with CF3-carbonyl compounds: effective synthesis of α-trifluoromethyl amino acid derivatives. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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116
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Reginato G, Mordini A, Tenti A, Valacchi M, Broguiere J. New enantiomerically enriched amino allyl- and allenylsilanes derived from naturally occurring amino acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2008.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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117
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Solution and fluorous phase synthesis of β,β-difluorinated 1-amino-1-cyclopentane carboxylic acid derivatives. J Fluor Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2008.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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118
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Fustero S, Sánchez-Roselló M, Rodrigo V, Sanz-Cervera J, Piera J, Simón-Fuentes A, del Pozo C. Solution-, Solid-Phase, and Fluorous Synthesis of β,β-Difluorinated Cyclic Quaternary α-Amino Acid Derivatives: A Comparative Study. Chemistry 2008; 14:7019-29. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200702009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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119
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Verniest G, Surmont R, Hende EV, Deweweire A, Deroose F, Thuring JW, De Kimpe N. New Entries toward 3,3-Difluoropiperidines. J Org Chem 2008; 73:5458-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jo800768q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Verniest
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, and Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Riccardo Surmont
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, and Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Eva Van Hende
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, and Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Arvid Deweweire
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, and Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Frederik Deroose
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, and Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Jan Willem Thuring
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, and Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
| | - Norbert De Kimpe
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium, and Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Turnhoutseweg 30, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium
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120
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Gottler LM, de la Salud-Bea R, Marsh ENG. The Fluorous Effect in Proteins: Properties of α4F6, a 4-α-Helix Bundle Protein with a Fluorocarbon Core. Biochemistry 2008; 47:4484-90. [DOI: 10.1021/bi702476f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey M. Gottler
- Departments of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Roberto de la Salud-Bea
- Departments of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - E. Neil G. Marsh
- Departments of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
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121
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Tonoi T, Nishikawa A, Yajima T, Nagano H, Mikami K. Fluorous Substituent-Based Enantiomer and Diastereomer Separation: Orthogonal Use of HPLC Columns for the Synthesis of Nonproteinogenic Polyfluoro Amino Acids and Peptides. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200701052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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122
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Edmonds MK, Graichen FHM, Gardiner J, Abell AD. Enantioselective Synthesis of α-Fluorinated β2-Amino Acids. Org Lett 2008; 10:885-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol703045z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael K. Edmonds
- School of Applied Science, Christchurch Polytechnic Institute of Technology, Christchurch, New Zealand, Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zurich, Switzerland, and School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Florian H. M. Graichen
- School of Applied Science, Christchurch Polytechnic Institute of Technology, Christchurch, New Zealand, Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zurich, Switzerland, and School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - James Gardiner
- School of Applied Science, Christchurch Polytechnic Institute of Technology, Christchurch, New Zealand, Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zurich, Switzerland, and School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrew D. Abell
- School of Applied Science, Christchurch Polytechnic Institute of Technology, Christchurch, New Zealand, Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zurich, Switzerland, and School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Australia
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123
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Smits R, Cadicamo CD, Burger K, Koksch B. Synthetic strategies to α-trifluoromethyl and α-difluoromethyl substituted α-amino acids. Chem Soc Rev 2008; 37:1727-39. [DOI: 10.1039/b800310f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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124
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Fujiwara T, Yin B, Jin M, Kirk KL, Takeuchi Y. Synthetic Studies of 3-(3-Fluorooxindol-3-yl)-l-alanine. J Fluor Chem 2008; 129:829-835. [PMID: 19122889 PMCID: PMC2572226 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2008.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative fluorination of several protected tryptophans 8b-g with Selectfluor proceeded smoothly in aqueous media to give a diastereomeric mixture of the corresponding 3-fluorooxindoles 9b-g. Attempted deprotection of the 3-fluorooxindoles 9b-g under various conditions did not afford 3-(3-fluorooxindol-3-yl)-l-alanine (6). Reaction of the suitably protected tryptophan derivative 16 with Selectfluor produced the fluorinated product 17. Simultaneous cleavage of all protective groups of 17 under acidic conditions successfully gave the target compound 6 in excellent yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Fujiwara
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Bin Yin
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Meixiang Jin
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kenneth L. Kirk
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yoshio Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, Sugitani 2630, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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125
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Chen Q, Qiu XL, Qing FL. Nucleophilic addition of 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyllithium to d-glyceraldimine: Concise synthesis of both enantiomers of 5,5,5-trifluoronorvaline. J Fluor Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2007.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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126
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Jäckel C, Salwiczek M, Koksch B. Fluorine in a native protein environment--How the spatial demand and polarity of fluoroalkyl groups affect protein folding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 45:4198-203. [PMID: 16688784 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200504387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Jäckel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University of Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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127
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Partially Fluorinated Heterocycles from 4,4-Bis(trifluoromethyl)-hetero-1,3-dienes via C–F Bond Activation – Synthesis of 2-Fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)furans. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-007-0587-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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128
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Rocha VA, Eggers DK. Hydrophobic, organically-modified silica gels enhance the secondary structure of encapsulated apomyoglobin. Chem Commun (Camb) 2007:1266-8. [PMID: 17356778 DOI: 10.1039/b617078a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Insertion of hydrophobic groups in a silica matrix, by addition of propyl- or trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane, leads to a surprising increase in the helical content of apomyoglobin following encapsulation by the sol-gel technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica A Rocha
- Department of Chemistry, San José State University, San José, CA 95192-0101, USA
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129
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Xiao N, Jiang ZX, Yu YB. Enantioselective synthesis of (2R, 3S)- and (2S, 3R)-4,4,4-trifluoro-N-Fmoc-O-tert-butyl-threonine and their racemization-free incorporation into oligopeptides via solid-phase synthesis. Biopolymers 2007; 88:781-96. [PMID: 17702025 PMCID: PMC2892391 DOI: 10.1002/bip.20825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An efficient method for the enantioselective synthesis of (2R, 3S)- and (2S, 3R)-4,4,4-trifluoro-N-Fmoc-O-tert-butyl-threonine on multigram scales was developed. Absolute configurations of the two stereoisomers were ascertained by X-ray crystallography. Racemization-free coupling conditions for the incorporation of tfT into oligopeptides were then explored. For solution-phase synthesis, tfT racemization was not an issue under conventional coupling conditions. For solid-phase synthesis, the following conditions were identified to achieve racemization-free synthesis: if tfT (3.0 equiv) was not the first amino acid to be linked to the resin (1.0 equiv), the condition is 2.7 equiv DIC/3.0 equiv HOBt as the coupling reagent at 0 degrees C for 20 h; if tfT (3.0 equiv) was the first amino acid to be linked to the resin (1.0 equiv), then 1.0 equiv of CuCl(2) needs to be added to the coupling reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nu Xiao
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, U. S. A
| | - Zhong-Xing Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, U. S. A
| | - Y. Bruce Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, U. S. A
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 20101, U. S. A
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130
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Woll MG, Hadley EB, Mecozzi S, Gellman SH. Stabilizing and Destabilizing Effects of Phenylalanine → F5-Phenylalanine Mutations on the Folding of a Small Protein. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:15932-3. [PMID: 17165695 DOI: 10.1021/ja0634573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a systematic evaluation of phenylalanine-to-pentafluorophenylalanine (Phe --> F5-Phe) mutants for the 35-residue chicken villin headpiece subdomain (c-VHP), the hydrophobic core of which features a cluster of three Phe side chains (residues 6, 10, and 17). Phe --> F5-Phe mutations are interesting because aryl-perfluoroaryl interactions of optimal geometry are intrinsically more favorable than aryl-aryl interactions and because perfluoroaryl units are more hydrophobic than are analogous aryl units. One mutant, Phe-10 --> F5-Phe, provides enhanced tertiary structural stability relative to the native sequence. The other six mutants analyzed caused a decrease in stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Woll
- Department of Chemistry and School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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131
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Spengler J, Böttcher C, Albericio F, Burger K. Hexafluoroacetone as Protecting and Activating Reagent: New Routes to Amino, Hydroxy, and Mercapto Acids and Their Application for Peptide and Glyco- and Depsipeptide Modification. Chem Rev 2006; 106:4728-46. [PMID: 17091933 DOI: 10.1021/cr0509962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Spengler
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Josep Samitier 1-5, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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132
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Wegert A, Hein M, Reinke H, Hoffmann N, Miethchen R. Chlorodifluoromethyl-substituted monosaccharide derivatives—radical activation of the carbon–chlorine-bond. Carbohydr Res 2006; 341:2641-52. [PMID: 16989789 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2006.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2006] [Revised: 08/22/2006] [Accepted: 08/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The dithionite-mediated addition of BrCF(2)Cl to 3,4-di-O-pivaloyl-D-xylal (1) generated preferably 1-CF(2)Cl-substituted products, that is, (2-bromo-2-deoxy-3,4-di-O-pivaloyl-beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-chlorodifluoromethane and (2-deoxy-3,4-di-O-pivaloyl-beta-D-threo-pentopyranosyl)-chlorodifluoromethane. Selected chlorodifluoromethyl-substituted monosaccharide derivatives were hydrodechlorinated or alkylated at the CF(2)Cl-group using tin reagents under radical reaction conditions. Thus, hydrodechlorinations of (2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-6-deoxy-alpha-L-galactopyranosyl)-chlorodifluoromethane and of methyl 3,4-di-O-acetyl-2-C-chlorodifluoromethyl-2,6-dideoxy-alpha/beta-L-glucopyranoside are reported using tri-n-butyltin hydride initiated by AIBN. UV-initiated allylations are reported for reactions of (2-deoxy-3,4-di-O-pivaloyl-beta-D-threo-pentopyranosyl)-chlorodifluoromethane, (2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-6-deoxy-alpha-L-galactopyranosyl)-chlorodifluoromethane, 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-C-chlorodifluoromethyl-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranose, 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-C-chlorodifluoromethyl-2-deoxy-alpha-D-mannopyranose and methyl 3,4-di-O-acetyl-2-C-chlorodifluoromethyl-2-deoxy-alpha/beta-D-rabinopyranoside with allyltri-n-butyltin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Wegert
- Institut für Chemie, Organische Chemie, Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3a, D-18059 Rostock, Germany
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133
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Giménez D, Andreu C, del Olmo ML, Varea T, Diaz D, Asensio G. The introduction of fluorine atoms or trifluoromethyl groups in short cationic peptides enhances their antimicrobial activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:6971-8. [PMID: 16809042 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2006] [Revised: 06/07/2006] [Accepted: 06/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of introducing fluorine atoms or trifluoromethyl groups in either the peptidic chain or the C-terminal end of cationic pentapeptides is reported. Three series of amide and ester peptides were synthesised and their antimicrobial properties evaluated. An enhanced activity was found in those derivatives whose structure contained fluorine, suggesting an increase in their hydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Giménez
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain
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135
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Fluor in nativer Peptidumgebung – wie Raumanspruch und Polarität von Fluoralkylgruppen die Proteinfaltung beeinflussen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200504387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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136
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Burger K, Hennig L, Tsouker P, Spengler J, Albericio F, Koksch B. Domino reactions with fluorinated five-membered heterocycles. α-Trifluoromethyl α-amino acids with unsaturated side-chains. Amino Acids 2006; 31:427-33. [PMID: 16715414 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-006-0321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2005] [Accepted: 02/03/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-trifluoromethyl alpha-amino acids with unsaturated side-chains have been prepared from 5-fluoro-4-trifluoromethyloxazole and allyl, propargyl as well as terpene alcohols in a one-pot procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Burger
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
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137
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Burger K, Hennig L, Spengler J, Albericio F. Synthesis of Partially Fluorinated Heterocycles from 4,4-Bis(trifluoromethyl) Substituted Hetero-1,3-dienes via C-F Bond Activation and Their Application as Trifluoromethyl Substituted Building Blocks. HETEROCYCLES 2006. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-06-sr(o)2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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