101
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Chen YY, Lin Y, Han PY, Jiang S, Che L, He CY, Lin YC, Lin ZN. HBx combined with AFB1 triggers hepatic steatosis via COX-2-mediated necrosome formation and mitochondrial dynamics disorder. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:5920-5933. [PMID: 31282064 PMCID: PMC6714226 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure have been recognized as independent risk factors for the occurrence and exacerbation of hepatic steatosis but their combined impacts and the potential mechanisms remain to be further elucidated. Here, we showed that exposure to AFB1 impaired mitochondrial dynamics and increased intracellular lipid droplets (LDs) in the liver of HBV-transgenic mice in vivo and the hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx)-expressing human hepatocytes both ex vivo and in vitro. HBx combined with AFB1 exposure also up-regulated receptor interaction protein 1 (RIP1), receptor interaction protein 3 (RIP3) and activated mixed lineage kinase domain like protein (MLKL), providing evidence of necrosome formation in the hepatocytes. The shift of the mitochondrial dynamics towards imbalance of fission and fusion was rescued when MLKL was inhibited in the HBx and AFB1 co-treated hepatocytes. Most importantly, based on siRNA or CRISPR/Cas9 system, we found that the combination of HBx and AFB1 exposure increased cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) to mediate up-regulation of RIP3 and dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), which in turn promoted location of RIP3-MLKL necrosome on mitochondria, subsequently exacerbated steatosis in hepatocytes. Taken together, these findings advance the understanding of mechanism associated with HBx and AFB1-induced hepatic necrosome formation, mitochondrial dysfunction and steatosis and make COX-2 a good candidate for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Pei-Yu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lin Che
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Cheng-Yong He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhong-Ning Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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102
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Tu Y, Zhu S, Wang J, Burstein E, Jia D. Natural compounds in the chemoprevention of alcoholic liver disease. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2192-2212. [PMID: 31264302 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), caused by excessive consumption of alcohol, is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Much effort has been expended to explore the pathogenesis of ALD. Hepatic cell injury, oxidative stress, inflammation, regeneration, and bacterial translocation are all involved in the pathogenesis of ALD. Immediate abstinence is the most important therapeutic treatment for affected individuals. However, the medical treatment for ALD had not advanced in a long period. Intriguingly, an increasing body of research indicates the potential of natural compounds in the targeted therapy of ALD. A plethora of dietary natural products such as flavonoids, resveratrol, saponins, and β-carotene are found to exert protective effects on ALD. This occurs through various mechanisms composed of antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, iron chelation, pro-apoptosis, and/or antiproliferation of hepatic stellate cells and hepatocellular carcinoma cells. In this review, we will summarize current knowledge about the pathogenesis and treatments of ALD and focus on the potential of natural compounds in ALD therapies and underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfeng Tu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Zhu
- Chinese Academy of Science and Technology for Development, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Foresight and Evaluation Research, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ezra Burstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Da Jia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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103
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Hu XM, Chen X, Pang HY, Liu HH, Chen PP, Shi JL, Tang S, Wu ZH, Zhang SY. Plasma levels of receptor interacting protein kinase-3 correlated with coronary artery disease. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 132:1400-1405. [PMID: 31205096 PMCID: PMC6629337 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Necroptosis plays an important role in human atherosclerosis and atheroma development. Since receptor interacting protein kinase-3 (RIP3) acts as a key mediator of necroptosis, this study aimed to explore its relationship between plasma RIP3 levels and coronary artery disease (CAD) and discover a potential new biomarker for screening CAD subtypes and severity. METHODS A total of 318 patients with CAD who had coronary angiography and 166 controls in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from September 2017 to January 2018 were enrolled in this study. Patients with CAD were divided into three subgroups: patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD), patients with unstable angina (UA), and patients with myocardial infarction (MI). The severity of atherosclerosis was determined by Gensini score (GSS). Logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between plasma RIP3 levels and CAD. The correlation between plasma RIP3 and GSS was calculated using multiple linear regression models. RESULTS Overall, plasma RIP3 levels were significantly higher than serum RIP3 levels. Plasma RIP3 levels in patients with CAD were significantly higher than those in controls. Plasma RIP3 levels were strongly associated with CAD (odds ratio: 6.00, 95% confidence interval 3.04-11.81; P < 0.001). Plasma RIP3 levels increased linearly from controls to patients with SCAD, then patients with UA, and finally to patients with MI. We found a significantly positive correlation between proportion of cases of acute coronary syndrome in subjects and their plasma RIP3 level quartile. Plasma RIP3 levels were also associated with GSS (B 0.027; standard error 0.012; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Plasma RIP3 levels were independently associated with CAD. Plasma RIP3 levels could potentially supplement clinical assessment to screen CAD and determine CAD severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Min Hu
- Medical Science Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hai-Yu Pang
- Medical Science Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hong-Hong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Pei-Pei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jing-Lin Shi
- Medical Science Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Si Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Wu
- Medical Science Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Shu-Yang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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104
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Liu Y, Liu T, Lei T, Zhang D, Du S, Girani L, Qi D, Lin C, Tong R, Wang Y. RIP1/RIP3-regulated necroptosis as a target for multifaceted disease therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:771-786. [PMID: 31198981 PMCID: PMC6658002 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis is a type of programmed cell death with necrotic morphology, occurring in a variety of biological processes, including inflammation, immune response, embryonic development and metabolic abnormalities. The current nomenclature defines necroptosis as cell death mediated by signal transduction from receptor‑interacting serine/threonine kinase (RIP) 1 to RIP3 (hereafter called RIP1/RIP3). However, RIP3‑dependent cell death would be a more precise definition of necroptosis. RIP3 is indispensable for necroptosis, while RIP1 is not consistently involved in the signal transduction. Notably, deletion of RIP1 even promotes RIP3‑mediated necroptosis under certain conditions. Necroptosis was previously thought as an alternate process of cell death in case of apoptosis inhibition. Currently, necroptosis is recognized to serve a pivotal role in regulating various physiological processes. Of note, it mediates a variety of human diseases, such as ischemic brain injury, immune system disorders and cancer. Targeting and inhibiting necroptosis, therefore, has the potential to be used for therapeutic purposes. To date, research has elucidated the suppression of RIP1/RIP3 via effective inhibitors and highlighted their potential application in disease therapy. The present review focused on the molecular mechanisms of RIP1/RIP3‑mediated necroptosis, explored the functions of RIP1/RIP3 in necroptosis, discussed their potential as a novel therapeutic target for disease therapy, and provided valuable suggestions for further study in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Liu
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Ting Liu
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Lei
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Dingding Zhang
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Suya Du
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Lea Girani
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Qi
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Chen Lin
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P.R. China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
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105
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Microcystin-LR promotes necroptosis in primary mouse hepatocytes by overproducing reactive oxygen species. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 377:114626. [PMID: 31201821 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a type of cyclic heptapeptide toxin produced by cyanobacteria during bloom events. MC-LR-induced cell death is critically involved in its potent specific hepatotoxicity. Many studies have demonstrated that prototypical apoptosis as a form of programmed cell death after MC-LR is associated with liver injury. However, whether another form of programmed cell death exists and the underlying mechanism have not been reported. Here, we demonstrate that MC-LR can induce necroptosis via ROS overactivation in primary mouse hepatocytes. Various potential pathways of programmed cell death induced by MC-LR were evaluated by annexin V/PI dual staining for flow cytometric analysis, image-based PI staining analysis and western blot analysis. Cell viability was determined by the CCK8 assay. Rupture of the plasma membrane was indicated by lactate dehydrogenase release. ROS was evaluated with the carboxy-H2DCFDA fluorescent probe. It was found that in MC-LR-treated cells, as the plasma membrane was damaged, annexin V/PI-stained double-positive cells were significantly induced and PI-stained nuclei were more diffuse. Western blot analysis showed that MC-LR treatment significantly upregulated the expression of necroptotic and apoptotic proteins. Mechanistically, MC-LR induced ROS overproduction by dysregulating the expression and activity of the pro-oxidants SOD1, MAOA, and NOX4 and the antioxidant GPX1. These results indicate the presence of a novel mechanism for MC-LR-mediated liver injury and present a novel target in the treatment of MC-LR-exposed patients.
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106
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Place DE, Kanneganti TD. Cell death-mediated cytokine release and its therapeutic implications. J Exp Med 2019; 216:1474-1486. [PMID: 31186281 PMCID: PMC6605758 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting apoptosis to treat diseases has seen tremendous success over the past decades. More recently, alternative forms of regulated cell death, including pyroptosis and necroptosis, have been described. Understanding the molecular cascades regulating both pyroptosis and necroptosis will yield even more targets to treat diseases. These lytic forms of cell death are distinct from apoptosis due to their characteristic lysis and release of cellular components that promote disease or direct a beneficial immune response. In this review, we focus on how pyroptosis and necroptosis, which release potent immune cytokines such as IL-1 and IL-18, contribute to various diseases. We also consider the important role that the executioners of these cell death pathways, GSDMD and MLKL, play in the progression of inflammatory diseases. Crosstalk between the different cell death pathways likely plays a major role physiologically. New therapeutic strategies targeting these specific molecules hold enormous potential for managing inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Place
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
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107
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Lou Z, Wang J, Chen Y, Xu C, Chen X, Shao T, Zhang K, Pan H. Linderae radix ethanol extract attenuates alcoholic liver injury via attenuating inflammation and regulating gut microbiota in rats. Braz J Med Biol Res 2019; 52:e7628. [PMID: 31116255 PMCID: PMC6526752 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20197628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the influence of gut microbiota alterations induced by Linderae radix ethanol extract (LREE) on alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in rats and to study the anti-inflammatory effect of LREE on ALD through the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. ALD rat models were established by intragastric liquor [50% (v/v) ethanol] administration at 10 mL/kg body weight for 20 days. Rats were divided into six groups: normal group (no treatment), model group (ALD rats), Essentiale group (ALD rats fed with Essentiale, 137 mg/kg), and LREE high/moderate/low dose groups (ALD rats fed with 4, 2, or 1 g LREE/kg). NF-κB and LPS levels were evaluated. Liver pathological changes and intestinal ultrastructure were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy. The gut microbiota composition was evaluated by 16S rDNA sequencing. Expression levels of TLR4 and CD68 in liver tissue, and occludin and claudin-1 in intestinal tissue were measured. LREE treatment significantly reduced NF-κB and LPS levels, improved liver pathological changes, and ameliorated intestinal ultrastructure injury. Meanwhile, LREE-fed groups showed a higher abundance of Firmicutes and a lower abundance of Bacteroidetes than the rats in the model group. Administration of LREE suppressed TLR4 overexpression and promoted the expression of occludin and claudin-1 in intestine tissue. Thus, LREE could partly ameliorate microflora dysbiosis, suppress the inflammatory response, and attenuate liver injury in ALD rats. The protective effect of LREE might be related to the LPS-TLR4-NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohuan Lou
- Institute of Medical Material, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Emergency Department, People's Hospital of Tiantai County, Tiantai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingjun Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, People's Hospital of Tiantai County, Tiantai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chandi Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Emergency Department, People's Hospital of Tiantai County, Tiantai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tiejuan Shao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kena Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongying Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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108
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Ou L, Sun T, Cheng Y, Huang L, Zhan X, Zhang P, Yang J, Zhang Y, Zhou Z. MicroRNA-214 contributes to regulation of necroptosis via targeting ATF4 in diabetes-associated periodontitis. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:14791-14803. [PMID: 31090954 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes and periodontal diseases have a mutual promoting relationship that induces severe tissue damage and cell death. The potential roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) and the type of cell death involved in diabetes-associated periodontitis are obscure. The gingival tissues of patients were obtained and MC3T3-E1 cells were costimulated with high glucose and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Osseous morphometric analysis was evaluated with micro-CT, and histological characteristics were measured by hematoxylin/eosin and immunohistochemical staining. Cytokine secretion was confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured using a DCFH-DA probe kit. Gene expression was measured by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), and protein expression was assessed by Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. The miR-214 level, receptor-interacting serine-threonine protein (RIP) 1, RIP3, and phospho-mixed lineage kinase domain-like (p-MLKL) protein expression were elevated in the inflamed gingival tissues of diabetes-associated periodontitis patients, with activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) expression showing the opposite effect. The high glucose (22 mM) could not induce significant increase of RIP1, RIP3, and p-MLKL; however, the high glucose and LPS (500-1000 ng/mL) cotreatment resulted in increase in the number of RIP1, RIP3, and p-MLKL in MC3T3-E1 cells. NAC (ROS inhibitor) inhibited RIP1, RIP3, and increased ATF4; however, necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) (RIP1 inhibitor) specifically inhibited the protein expression of RIP1 and RIP3 and had no influence on ATF4. The use of antagomir-214 suppressed the expression of miR-214, RIP1, RIP3, and p-MLKL, but increased ATF4 protein level in glucose and LPS-induced cells. ATF4 knockdown by ATF4 small interfering RNA offset the effect of antagomir-214. RIP1- and RIP3-dependent necroptosis was confirmed in the inflamed gingival tissues of diabetes-associated periodontitis patients and high glucose- and LPS- cotreated cells. It was suggested that miR-214-targeted ATF4 participated in the regulation of necroptosis in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Ou
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yaodong Cheng
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Linwei Huang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhen Zhan
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhiying Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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109
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Kolachala VL, Palle SK, Shen M, Shenoi A, Shayakhmetov DM, Gupta NA. Influence of Fat on Differential Receptor Interacting Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase 1 Activity Leading to Apoptotic Cell Death in Murine Liver Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Through Caspase 8. Hepatol Commun 2019; 3:925-942. [PMID: 31334443 PMCID: PMC6601319 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Current understanding is that receptor interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) can lead to two distinct forms of cell death: RIPK3‐mediated necroptosis or caspase 8 (Casp8)‐mediated apoptosis. Here, we report that RIPK1 signaling is indispensable for protection from hepatocellular injury in a steatotic liver undergoing ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) but not in the lean liver. In lean liver IRI, RIPK1‐mediated cell death is operational, leading to protection in RIP1 kinase‐dead knock‐in (RIPK1K45A) mice and necrostatin‐1s (Nec1s)‐treated lean wild‐type (WT) mice. However, when fed a high‐fat diet (HFD), RIPK1K45A‐treated and Nec1s‐treated WT mice undergoing IRI demonstrate exacerbated hepatocellular injury along with decreased RIPK1 ubiquitylation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that HFD‐fed RIPK3–/–/Casp8–/– mice show protection from IRI, but HFD‐fed RIPK3–/–/Casp8–/+ mice do not. We also show that blockade of RIPK1 leads to increased Casp8 activity and decreases mitochondrial viability. Conclusion: Although more studies are required, we provide important proof of concept for RIPK1 inhibition leading to distinctive outcomes in lean and steatotic liver undergoing IRI. Considering the rising incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the general population, it will be imperative to address this critical difference when treating patients with RIPK1 inhibitors. This study also presents a new target for drug therapy to prevent hepatocellular injury in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sirish K Palle
- Department of Pediatrics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Ming Shen
- Department of Pediatrics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | - Asha Shenoi
- Department of Pediatrics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA
| | | | - Nitika A Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA.,Transplant Services Children's Healthcare of Atlanta Atlanta GA
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110
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Krishna-Subramanian S, Singer S, Armaka M, Banales JM, Holzer K, Schirmacher P, Walczak H, Kollias G, Pasparakis M, Kondylis V. RIPK1 and death receptor signaling drive biliary damage and early liver tumorigenesis in mice with chronic hepatobiliary injury. Cell Death Differ 2019; 26:2710-2726. [PMID: 30988397 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-019-0330-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte apoptosis is intrinsically linked to chronic liver disease and hepatocarcinogenesis. Conversely, necroptosis of hepatocytes and other liver cell types and its relevance for liver disease is debated. Using liver parenchymal cell (LPC)-specific TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1)-deficient (TAK1LPC-KO) mice, which exhibit spontaneous hepatocellular and biliary damage, hepatitis, and early hepatocarcinogenesis, we have investigated the contribution of apoptosis and necroptosis in hepatocyte and cholangiocyte death and their impact on liver disease progression. Here, we provide in vivo evidence showing that TAK1-deficient cholangiocytes undergo spontaneous necroptosis induced primarily by TNFR1 and dependent on RIPK1 kinase activity, RIPK3, and NEMO. In contrast, TAK1-deficient hepatocytes die by FADD-dependent apoptosis, which is not significantly inhibited by LPC-specific RIPK1 deficiency, inhibition of RIPK1 kinase activity, RIPK3 deficiency or combined LPC-specific deletion of TNFR1, TRAILR, and Fas. Accordingly, normal mouse cholangiocytes can undergo necroptosis, while primary hepatocytes are resistant to it and die exclusively by apoptosis upon treatment with cell death-inducing stimuli in vitro, likely due to the differential expression of RIPK3. Interestingly, the genetic modifications that conferred protection from biliary damage also prevented the spontaneous lethality that was often observed in TAK1LPC-KO mice. In the presence of chronic hepatocyte apoptosis, preventing biliary damage delayed but did not avert hepatocarcinogenesis. On the contrary, inhibition of hepatocyte apoptosis fully prevented liver tumorigenesis even in mice with extensive biliary damage. Altogether, our results suggest that using RIPK1 kinase activity inhibitors could be therapeutically useful for cholestatic liver disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Krishna-Subramanian
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, D-50674, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Stephan Singer
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marietta Armaka
- Division of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Athens, Greece
| | - Jesus M Banales
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), CIBERehd, Ikerbasque, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Kerstin Holzer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Schirmacher
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henning Walczak
- Centre for Cell Death, Cancer and Inflammation, Department of Cancer Biology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - George Kollias
- Division of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Vari, Athens, Greece.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Manolis Pasparakis
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, D-50674, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Vangelis Kondylis
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, D-50674, Cologne, Germany. .,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Zhou Y, Jin H, Wu Y, Chen L, Bao X, Lu C. Gallic acid protects against ethanol-induced hepatocyte necroptosis via an NRF2-dependent mechanism. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 57:226-232. [PMID: 30853489 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), featured by excessive hepatocyte death and inflammation, is a prevalent disease that causes heavy health burdens worldwide. Hepatocyte necroptosis is a central event that promotes inflammation in ALD. At molecular levels, inhibition of nuclear factor (erythroid - derived 2) - like 2 (NRF2) was an important trigger for cell necroptosis. The protective effects of gallic acid (GA) on liver diseases caused by multiple factors have been elucidated, however, the role of GA in ALD remained unclear. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the anti-ALD effects of GA and further reveal the molecular mechanisms. Results showed that GA could effectively recover cell viability and reduce the release of aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and lactic dehydrogenase by ethanol-stimulated hepatocytes. More importantly, GA limited hepatocyte necroptosis under ethanol stimulation, which was characterized by reduced expression of distinct necroptotic signals receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) and RIP3 and release of high mobility group box protein 1. Mechanistically, GA could induce NRF2 expression in ethanol-incubated hepatocytes, which was a molecular basis for GA to suppress ethanol-induced hepatocyte necroptosis. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that GA improved ethanol-induced hepatocyte necroptosis in vitro. Further, NRF2 activation might be requisite for GA to exert its protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huanhuan Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chunfeng Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China; Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.
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Gao B, Ahmad MF, Nagy LE, Tsukamoto H. Inflammatory pathways in alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Hepatol 2019; 70:249-259. [PMID: 30658726 PMCID: PMC6361545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory processes are primary contributors to the development and progression of alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH), with severe alcoholic hepatitis characterised by non-resolving inflammation. Inflammation in the progression of ASH is a complex response to microbial dysbiosis, loss of barrier integrity in the intestine, hepatocellular stress and death, as well as inter-organ crosstalk. Herein, we review the roles of multiple cell types that are involved in inflammation in ASH, including resident macrophages and infiltrating monocytes, as well as other cell types in the innate and adaptive immune system. In response to chronic, heavy alcohol exposure, hepatocytes themselves also contribute to the inflammatory process; hepatocytes express a large number of chemokines and inflammatory mediators and can also release damage-associated molecular patterns during injury and death. These cellular responses are mediated and accompanied by changes in the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, as well as by signals which orchestrate the recruitment of immune cells and activation of the inflammatory process. Additional mechanisms for cell-cell and inter-organ communication in ASH are also reviewed, including the roles of extracellular vesicles and microRNAs, as well as inter-organ crosstalk. We highlight the concept that inflammation also plays an important role in promoting liver repair and controlling bacterial infection. Understanding the complex regulatory processes that are disrupted during the progression of ASH will likely lead to better targeted strategies for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Gao
- Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
| | - Maleeha F Ahmad
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Laura E Nagy
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States; Northern Ohio Alcohol Center, Departments of Molecular Medicine, Inflammation and Immunity, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States.
| | - Hidekazu Tsukamoto
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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Nikseresht S, Khodagholi F, Ahmadiani A. Protective effects of ex-527 on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through necroptosis signaling pathway attenuation. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:1816-1826. [PMID: 30067864 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Necroptosis, a novel type of programmed cell death, is involved in ischemia-reperfusion-induced brain injury. Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), as a well-known member of histone deacetylase class III, plays pivotal roles in inflammation, metabolism, and neuron loss in cerebral ischemia. We explored the relationship between Sirt1 and the necroptosis signaling pathway and its downstream events by administration of ex-527, as a selective and potent inhibitor of Sirt1, and necrostatin-1 (nec-1), as a necroptosis inhibitor, in an animal model of focal cerebral ischemia. Our data showed different patterns of sirt1 and necroptosis critical regulators, including receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 and mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein gene expressions in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus after ischemia-reperfusion. We found that ex-527 microinjection reduces the infarction volume of ischemic brains and improves the survival rate, but not stroke-associated neurological deficits. Additionally, treatment with ex-527 effectively abolished the elevation of the critical regulators of necroptosis, whereas necroptosis inhibition through nec-1 microinjection did not influence Sirt1 expression levels. Our data also demonstrated that the ex-527 relieves ischemia-induced perturbation of necroptosis-associated metabolic enzymes activity in downstream. This study provides a new approach to the possible neuroprotective potential of ex-527 orchestrated by necroptosis pathway inhibition to alleviate ischemia-reperfusion brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nikseresht
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolhassan Ahmadiani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Yuan Z, Zhang H, Hasnat M, Ding J, Chen X, Liang P, Sun L, Zhang L, Jiang Z. A new perspective of triptolide-associated hepatotoxicity: Liver hypersensitivity upon LPS stimulation. Toxicology 2019; 414:45-56. [PMID: 30633930 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate whether the mice treated with triptolide (TP) could disrupt the liver immune homeostasis, resulting in the inability of the liver to eliminate the harmful response induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, we explored whether apoptosis and necroptosis played a critical role in the progression of the hepatotoxicity induced by TP-LPS co-treatment. METHODS Female C57BL/6 mice were continuously administrated with two different doses of TP (250 μg/kg and 500 μg/kg) intragastrically for 7 days. Subsequently, a single dose of LPS (0.1 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally to testify whether the liver possesses the normal immune function to detoxicate the exogenous pathogen's stimulation. To prove the involvement of apoptosis and necroptosis in the liver damage induced by TP-LPS co-treatment, apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK (FMK) and necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin (Nec-1) were applied before the stimulation of LPS to diminish the apoptosis and necroptosis respectively. RESULTS TP or LPS alone did not induce significant liver damage. However, compared with TP or LPS treated mice, TP-LPS co-treatment mice showed obvious hepatotoxicity with a remarkable elevation of serum ALT and AST accompanied by abnormal bile acid metabolism, a depletion of liver glycogen storage, aberrant glucose metabolism, an up-regulation of inflammatory cell infiltration, and an increase of apoptosis and necroptosis. Intraperitoneal injection of FMK or Nec-1 could counteract the toxic reactions induced by TP-LPS co-treatment. CONCLUSION TP could disrupt the immune response, resulting in hypersensitivity of the liver upon LPS stimulation, ultimately leading to abnormal liver function and cell death. Additionally, apoptosis and necroptosis played a vital role in the development of liver damage induced by TP-LPS co-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiao Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Muhammad Hasnat
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiaxin Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Peishi Liang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Center for Drug Screening and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Zhenzhou Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 21009, China.
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Saeed WK, Jun DW, Jang K, Ahn SB, Oh JH, Chae YJ, Lee JS, Kang HT. Mismatched effects of receptor interacting protein kinase-3 on hepatic steatosis and inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:5477-5490. [PMID: 30622377 PMCID: PMC6319133 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i48.5477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To validate the effects of receptor interacting protein kinase-3 (RIP3) deletion in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to clarify the mechanism of action. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and RIP3 knockout (KO) mice were fed normal chow and high fat (HF) diets for 12 wk. The body weight was assessed once weekly. After 12 wk, the liver and serum samples were extracted. The liver tissue expression levels of RIP3, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, protein disulfide isomerase, apolipoprotein-B, X-box binding protein-1, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, fatty acid synthase, cluster of differentiation-36, diglyceride acyltransferase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 were assessed. Oleic acid treated primary hepatocytes from WT and RIP3KO mice were stained with Nile red. The expression of inflammatory cytokines, including chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL) 1, CXCL2, and TNF-α, in monocytes was evaluated. RESULTS RIP3KO HF diet fed mice showed a significant gain in body weight, and liver weight, liver to body weight ratio, and liver triglycerides were increased in HF diet fed RIP3KO mice compared to HF diet fed WT mice. RIP3KO primary hepatocytes also had increased intracellular fat droplets compared to WT primary hepatocytes after oleic acid treatment. RIP3 overexpression decreased hepatic fat content. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the expression of very-low-density lipoproteins secretion markers (microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, protein disulfide isomerase, and apolipoprotein-B) was significantly suppressed in RIP3KO mice. The overall NAFLD Activity Score was the same between WT and RIP3KO mice; however, RIP3KO mice had increased fatty change and decreased lobular inflammation compared to WT mice. Inflammatory signals (CXCL1/2, TNF-α, and interleukin-6) increased after lipopolysaccharide and pan-caspase inhibitor (necroptotic condition) treatment in monocytes. Neutrophil chemokines (CXCL1, and CXCL2) were decreased, and TNF-α was increased after RIP3 inhibitor treatment in monocytes. CONCLUSION RIP3 deletion exacerbates steatosis, and partially inhibits inflammation in the HF diet induced NAFLD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Khalid Saeed
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Kiseok Jang
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Sang Bong Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon 34824, South Korea
| | - Ju Hee Oh
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Yeon Ji Chae
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Jai Sun Lee
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Tae Kang
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, South Korea
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Abstract
Cell death represents a basic biological paradigm that governs outcomes and long-term sequelae in almost every hepatic disease condition. Acute liver failure is characterized by massive loss of parenchymal cells but is usually followed by restitution ad integrum. By contrast, cell death in chronic liver diseases often occurs at a lesser extent but leads to long-term alterations in organ architecture and function, contributing to chronic hepatocyte turnover, the recruitment of immune cells and activation of hepatic stellate cells. These chronic cell death responses contribute to the development of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and cancer. It has become evident that, besides apoptosis, necroptosis is a highly relevant form of programmed cell death in the liver. Differential activation of specific forms of programmed cell death might not only affect outcomes in liver diseases but also offer novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Here, we summarize the underlying molecular mechanisms and open questions about disease-specific activation and roles of programmed cell death forms, their contribution to response signatures and their detection. We focus on the role of apoptosis and necroptosis in acute liver injury, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver cancer, and possible translations into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert F Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Hepatobiliary Oncology, University Hospital Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH) Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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Cubero FJ, Peng J, Liao L, Su H, Zhao G, Zoubek ME, Macías-Rodríguez R, Ruiz-Margain A, Reißing J, Zimmermann HW, Gassler N, Luedde T, Liedtke C, Hatting M, Trautwein C. Inactivation of caspase 8 in liver parenchymal cells confers protection against murine obstructive cholestasis. J Hepatol 2018; 69:1326-1334. [PMID: 30144553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Caspase 8 (CASP8) is the apical initiator caspase in death receptor-mediated apoptosis. Strong evidence for a link between death receptor signaling pathways and cholestasis has recently emerged. Herein, we investigated the role of CASP8-dependent and independent pathways during experimental cholestasis. METHODS Liver injury was characterized in a cohort of human sera (n = 28) and biopsies from patients with stage IV primary biliary cholangitis. In parallel, mice with either specific deletion of Casp8 in liver parenchymal cells (Casp8Δhepa) or hepatocytes (Casp8Δhep), and mice with constitutive Ripk3 (Ripk3-/-) deletion, were subjected to surgical ligation of the common bile duct (BDL) from 2 to 28 days. Floxed (Casp8fl/fl) and Ripk3+/+ mice were used as controls. Moreover, the pan-caspase inhibitor IDN-7314 was used, and cell death mechanisms were studied in primary isolated hepatocytes. RESULTS Overexpression of activated caspase 3, CASP8 and RIPK3 was characteristic of liver explants from patients with primary biliary cholangitis. Twenty-eight days after BDL, Casp8Δhepamice showed decreased necrotic foci, serum aminotransferase levels and apoptosis along with diminished compensatory proliferation and ductular reaction. These results correlated with a decreased inflammatory profile and ameliorated liver fibrogenesis. A similar phenotype was observed in Ripk3-/- mice. IDN-7314 treatment decreased CASP8 levels but failed to prevent BDL-induced cholestasis, independently of CASP8 in hepatocytes. CONCLUSION These findings show that intervention against CASP8 in liver parenchymal cells - specifically in cholangiocytes - might be a beneficial option for treating obstructive cholestasis, while broad pan-caspase inhibition might trigger undesirable side effects. LAY SUMMARY Loss of caspase 8 - a protein involved in programmed cell death - in liver parenchymal cells protects against experimental cholestasis. Therefore, specific pharmacological intervention against caspase 8 might be a valid alternative for the treatment of obstructive cholestasis in the clinic, whereas broad pan-caspase inhibiting drugs might trigger undesirable side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Cubero
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH, Aachen, Germany; Department of Immunology, Ophtalmology & ORL, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain; 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jin Peng
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH, Aachen, Germany; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijun Liao
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH, Aachen, Germany; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Su
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | - Astrid Ruiz-Margain
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Johanna Reißing
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Nikolaus Gassler
- Institute of Pathology, Braunschweig Hospital, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Liedtke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Hatting
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital, RWTH, Aachen, Germany.
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Jun-Long H, Yi L, Bao-Lian Z, Jia-Si L, Ning Z, Zhou-Heng Y, Xue-Jun S, Wen-Wu L. Necroptosis Signaling Pathways in Stroke: From Mechanisms to Therapies. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:1327-1339. [PMID: 29663889 PMCID: PMC6251040 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x16666180416152243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been confirmed that apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis are the three major modes of cell death. For a long time, necrosis is regarded as a deranged or accidental cell demise. In recent years, there is evidence showing that necrotic cell death can be a well regulated and orchestrated event, which is also known as programmed cell death or “necroptosis”. Necroptosis can be triggered by a variety of external stimuli and regulated by a caspase-independent pathway. It plays a key role in the pathogenesis of some diseases including neurological diseases. In the past two decades, a variety of studies have revealed that the necroptosis related pathway is activated in stroke, and plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of stroke. Moreover, necroptosis may serve as a potential target in the therapy of stroke because genetic or pharmacological inhibition of necroptosis has been shown to be neuroprotective in stroke in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we briefly summarize re-cent advances in necroptosis, introduce the mechanism and strategies targeting necroptosis in stroke, and finally propose some issues in the treatment of stroke by targeting necroptosis
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Jun-Long
- Department of Navy Aviation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Li Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhao Bao-Lian
- Department of Naval Clinical Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Li Jia-Si
- Department of Neurology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhang Ning
- Department of Navy Aviation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ye Zhou-Heng
- Department of Navy Aviation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Sun Xue-Jun
- Department of Navy Aviation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Liu Wen-Wu
- Department of Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Li S, Ning LG, Lou XH, Xu GQ. Necroptosis in inflammatory bowel disease and other intestinal diseases. World J Clin Cases 2018; 6:745-752. [PMID: 30510938 PMCID: PMC6265005 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v6.i14.745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
For a long time, it was believed that apoptosis and necrosis were the main pathways for cell death, but a growing body of research has shown that there are other pathways. Among these, necroptosis, a regulatory caspase-independent, programmed cell death pathway, is supposed to be of importance in the pathogenesis of many diseases. The mechanism of regulating, inducing and blocking necroptosis is a complex process that involves expression and regulation of a series of molecules including receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), RIPK3, and mixed lineage kinase like protein. By blocking or downregulating expression of key molecules in the necroptotic pathway, intestinal inflammation can be affected to some extent. In this paper, we introduce the concept of necroptosis, its main pathway, and its impact on the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and other intestinal diseases, to explore new drug targets for intestinal diseases, including IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Long-Gui Ning
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xin-He Lou
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
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RIPK3-Mediated Necroptosis and Neutrophil Infiltration Are Associated with Poor Prognosis in Patients with Alcoholic Cirrhosis. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:1509851. [PMID: 30596105 PMCID: PMC6286738 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1509851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic cirrhosis is an end-stage liver disease with impaired survival and often requires liver transplantation. Recent data suggests that receptor-interacting protein kinase-3- (RIPK3-) mediated necroptosis plays an important role in alcoholic cirrhosis. Additionally, neutrophil infiltration is the most characteristic pathologic hallmark of alcoholic hepatitis. Whether RIPK3 level is correlated with neutrophil infiltration or poor prognosis in alcoholic cirrhotic patients is still unknown. We aimed to determine the correlation of RIPK3 and neutrophil infiltration with the prognosis in the end-stage alcoholic cirrhotic patients. A total of 20 alcoholic cirrhotic patients subjected to liver transplantation and 5 normal liver samples from control patients were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Neutrophil infiltration and necroptosis were assessed by immunohistochemical staining for myeloperoxidase (MPO) and RIPK3, respectively. The noninvasive score system (model for end-stage liver disease (MELD)) and histological score systems (Ishak, Knodell, and ALD grading and ALD stage) were used to evaluate the prognosis. Neutrophil infiltration was aggravated in patients with a high MELD score (≥32) in the liver. The MPO and RIPK3 levels in the liver were positively related to the Ishak score. The RIPK3 was also significantly and positively related to the Knodell score. In conclusion, RIPK3-mediated necroptosis and neutrophil-mediated alcoholic liver inflammatory response are highly correlated with poor prognosis in patients with end-stage alcoholic cirrhosis. RIPK3 and MPO might serve as potential predictors for poor prognosis in alcoholic cirrhotic patients.
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Kondylis V, Pasparakis M. RIP Kinases in Liver Cell Death, Inflammation and Cancer. Trends Mol Med 2018; 25:47-63. [PMID: 30455045 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell death is intrinsically linked to inflammatory liver disease and cancer development. Recent genetic studies have suggested that receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK)1 is implicated in liver disease pathogenesis by regulating caspase-dependent hepatocyte apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or other stimuli. In contrast, the contribution of caspase-independent RIPK3/mixed lineage kinase like (MLKL)-mediated hepatocyte necroptosis remains debatable. Hepatocyte apoptosis depends on the balance between RIPK1 prosurvival scaffolding functions and its kinase-activity-mediated proapoptotic function. Several regulatory steps promote the prosurvival role of RIPK1, including phosphorylation and ubiquitination of RIPK1 itself and other molecules involved in RIPK1 signaling. Pharmacological inhibition of liver damage by targeting RIPK1 signaling emerges as a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent chronic liver inflammation and hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vangelis Kondylis
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, D-50674 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, D-50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, D-50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Manolis Pasparakis
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, D-50674 Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, D-50931 Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine (CMMC), University of Cologne, D-50931, Cologne, Germany.
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Kim EH, Wong SW, Martinez J. Programmed Necrosis and Disease:We interrupt your regular programming to bring you necroinflammation. Cell Death Differ 2018; 26:25-40. [PMID: 30349078 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0179-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared to the tidy and immunologically silent death during apoptosis, necrosis seems like a chaotic and unorganized demise. However, we now recognize that there is a method to its madness, as many forms of necrotic cell death are indeed programmed and function beyond lytic cell death to support homeostasis and immunity. Inherently more immunogenic than their apoptotic counterpart, programmed necrosis, such as necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and NETosis, releases inflammatory cytokines and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), skewing the milieu to a pro-inflammatory state. Moreover, impaired clearance of dead cells often leads to inflammation. Importantly, these pathways have all been implicated in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, therefore careful understanding of their molecular mechanisms can have long lasting effects on how we interpret their role in disease and how we translate these mechanisms into therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui Ho Kim
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Sing-Wai Wong
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA.,Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine Curriculum, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jennifer Martinez
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA.
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Du K, Ramachandran A, Weemhoff JL, Woolbright BL, Jaeschke AH, Chao X, Ding WX, Jaeschke H. Mito-tempo protects against acute liver injury but induces limited secondary apoptosis during the late phase of acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Arch Toxicol 2018; 93:163-178. [PMID: 30324313 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2331-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that delayed treatment with Mito-tempo (MT), a mitochondria-targeted superoxide dismutase mimetic, protects against the early phase of acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity by inhibiting peroxynitrite formation. However, whether this protection is sustained to the late phase of toxicity is unknown. To investigate the late protection, C57Bl/6J mice were treated with 300 mg/kg APAP followed by 20 mg/kg MT 1.5 h or 3 h later. We found that both MT treatments protected against the late phase of APAP hepatotoxicity at 12 and 24 h. Surprisingly, MT-treated mice demonstrated a significant increase in apoptotic hepatocytes, while the necrotic phenotype was observed almost exclusively in mice treated with APAP alone. In addition, there was a significant increase in caspase-3 activity and cleavage in the livers of MT-treated mice. Immunostaining for active caspase-3 revealed that the positively stained hepatocytes were exclusively in centrilobular areas. Treatment with the pan-caspase inhibitor ZVD-fmk (10 mg/kg) 2 h post-APAP neutralized this caspase activation and provided additional protection against APAP hepatotoxicity. Treatment with N-acetylcysteine, the current standard of care for APAP poisoning, protected but did not induce this apoptotic phenotype. Mechanistically, MT treatment inhibited APAP-induced RIP3 kinase expression, and RIP3-deficient mice showed caspase activation and apoptotic morphology in hepatocytes analogous to MT treatment. These data suggest that while necrosis is the primary cause of cell death after APAP hepatotoxicity, treatment with the antioxidant MT may switch the mode of cell death to secondary apoptosis in some cells. Modulation of mitochondrial oxidative stress and RIP3 kinase expression play critical roles in this switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 1018, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Anup Ramachandran
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 1018, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - James L Weemhoff
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 1018, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Benjamin L Woolbright
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 1018, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Andrew H Jaeschke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 1018, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Xiaojuan Chao
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 1018, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Wen-Xing Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 1018, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Hartmut Jaeschke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, MS 1018, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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Abstract
Necroptosis is an emerging form of programmed cell death occurring via active and well-regulated necrosis, distinct from apoptosis morphologically, and biochemically. Necroptosis is mainly unmasked when apoptosis is compromised in response to tumor necrosis factor alpha. Unlike apoptotic cells, which are cleared by macrophages or neighboring cells, necrotic cells release danger signals, triggering inflammation, and exacerbating tissue damage. Evidence increasingly suggests that programmed necrosis is not only associated with pathophysiology of disease, but also induces innate immune response to viral infection. Therefore, necroptotic cell death plays both physiological and pathological roles. Physiologically, necroptosis induce an innate immune response as well as premature assembly of viral particles in cells infected with virus that abrogates host apoptotic machinery. On the other hand, necroptosis per se is detrimental, causing various diseases such as sepsis, neurodegenerative diseases and ischemic reperfusion injury. This review discusses the signaling pathways leading to necroptosis, associated necroptotic proteins with target-specific inhibitors and diseases involved. Several studies currently focus on protective approaches to inhibiting necroptotic cell death. In cancer biology, however, anticancer drug resistance severely hampers the efficacy of chemotherapy based on apoptosis. Pharmacological switch of cell death finds therapeutic application in drug- resistant cancers. Therefore, the possible clinical role of necroptosis in cancer control will be discussed in brief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sik Cho
- Department of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
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Jia Y, Wang F, Guo Q, Li M, Wang L, Zhang Z, Jiang S, Jin H, Chen A, Tan S, Zhang F, Shao J, Zheng S. Curcumol induces RIPK1/RIPK3 complex-dependent necroptosis via JNK1/2-ROS signaling in hepatic stellate cells. Redox Biol 2018; 19:375-387. [PMID: 30237126 PMCID: PMC6142373 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is generally recognized that hepatic fibrogenesis is an end result of increased extracellular matrix (ECM) production from the activation and proliferation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of HSC necroptosis might provide a new therapeutic strategy for prevention and treatment of hepatic fibrosis. In this study, we attempted to investigate the effect of curcumol on necroptosis in HSCs, and further to explore the molecular mechanisms. We found that curcumol ameliorated the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced mice liver fibrosis and suppressed HSC proliferation and activation, which was associated with regulating HSC necroptosis through increasing the phosphorylation of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1), receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3). Moreover, curcumol promoted the migration of RIPK1 and RIPK3 into necrosome in HSCs. RIPK3 depletion impaired the anti-fibrotic effect of curcumol. Importantly, we showed that curcumol-induced RIPK3 up-regulation significantly increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial depolarization. ROS scavenger, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) impaired RIPK3-mediated necroptosis. In addition, our study also identified that the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase1/2 (JNK1/2) was regulated by RIPK3, which mediated curcumol-induced ROS production. Down-regulation of RIPK3 expression, using siRIPK3, markedly abrogated JNK1/2 expression. The use of specific JNK1/2 inhibitor (SP600125) resulted in the suppression of curcumol-induced ROS production and mitochondrial depolarization, which in turn, contributed to the inhibition of curcumol-triggered necroptosis. In summary, our study results reveal the molecular mechanism of curcumol-induced HSC necroptosis, and suggest a potential clinical use of curcumol-targeted RIPK1/RIPK3 complex-dependent necroptosis via JNK1/2-ROS signaling for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis. Curcumol exerted anti-hepatic fibrogenesis effects in CCl4-treated mice. Curcumol inhibited the activation of hepatic stellate cell in vitro. Curcumol promoted the generation of RIPK1/RIPK3-complex to induce hepatic stellate cell necroptosis. Curcumol modulated RIPK3/JNK/ROS signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Feixia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qin Guo
- Dermatology of Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zili Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shuoyi Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huanhuan Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Anping Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Shanzhong Tan
- Department of Hepatology, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing Second Hospital, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiangjuan Shao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Shizhong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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126
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RIP kinases as modulators of inflammation and immunity. Nat Immunol 2018; 19:912-922. [DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0188-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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127
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Guo F, Zheng K, Benedé-Ubieto R, Cubero FJ, Nevzorova YA. The Lieber-DeCarli Diet-A Flagship Model for Experimental Alcoholic Liver Disease. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:1828-1840. [DOI: 10.1111/acer.13840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Guo
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology; Faculty of Biology; Complutense University of Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Kang Zheng
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology & ORL; School of Medicine; Complutense University of Madrid; Madrid Spain
- 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12); Madrid Spain
| | - Raquel Benedé-Ubieto
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology; Faculty of Biology; Complutense University of Madrid; Madrid Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Cubero
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology & ORL; School of Medicine; Complutense University of Madrid; Madrid Spain
- 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12); Madrid Spain
| | - Yulia A. Nevzorova
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology; Faculty of Biology; Complutense University of Madrid; Madrid Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine III; University Hospital RWTH Aachen; Aachen Germany
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128
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Kim SJ, Lee SM. Necrostatin-1 Protects Against D-Galactosamine and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Hepatic Injury by Preventing TLR4 and RAGE Signaling. Inflammation 2018; 40:1912-1923. [PMID: 28752362 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0632-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is a life-threatening clinical syndrome results in massive inflammation and hepatocyte death. Necroptosis is a regulated form of necrotic cell death that is emerging as a crucial control point for inflammatory diseases. The kinases receptor interacting protein (RIP) 1 and RIP3 are known as key modulators of necroptosis. In this study, we investigated the impact of necroptosis in the pathogenesis of FHF and molecular mechanisms, particularly its linkage to damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP)-mediated pattern recognition receptor (PRR) signaling pathways. Male C57BL/6 mice were given an intraperitoneal injection of necrostatin-1 (Nec-1, RIP1 inhibitor; 1.8 mg/kg; dissolved in 2% dimethyl sulfoxide in phosphate-buffered saline) 1 h before receiving D-galactosamine (GalN; 800 mg/kg)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 40 μg/kg). Hepatic RIP1, RIP3 protein expression, their phosphorylation, and RIP1/RIP3 complex formation upregulated in the GalN/LPS group were attenuated by Nec-1. Nec-1 markedly reduced the increases in mortality and serum alanine aminotransferase activity induced by GalN/LPS. Increased serum high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and interleukin (IL)-33 release, HMGB1-toll-like receptor 4 and HMGB1-receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) interaction, and nuclear protein expressions of NF-κB and early growth response protein-1 (egr-1) were attenuated by Nec-1. Our finding suggests that necroptosis is responsible for GalN/LPS-induced liver injury through DAMP-activated PRR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Joo Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Mee Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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129
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Dhuriya YK, Sharma D. Necroptosis: a regulated inflammatory mode of cell death. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:199. [PMID: 29980212 PMCID: PMC6035417 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1235-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death has a vital role in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. Necroptosis is an alternative mode of regulated cell death mimicking features of apoptosis and necrosis. Necroptosis requires protein RIPK3 (previously well recognized as regulator of inflammation, cell survival, and disease) and its substrate MLKL, the crucial players of this pathway. Necroptosis is induced by toll-like receptor, death receptor, interferon, and some other mediators. Shreds of evidence based on a mouse model reveals that deregulation of necroptosis has been found to be associated with pathological conditions like cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory diseases. In this timeline article, we are discussing the molecular mechanisms of necroptosis and its relevance to diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh K Dhuriya
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan; 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, India
| | - Divakar Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra, India.
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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130
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Cao P, Sun J, Sullivan MA, Huang X, Wang H, Zhang Y, Wang N, Wang K. Angelica sinensis polysaccharide protects against acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury and cell death by suppressing oxidative stress and hepatic apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 111:1133-1139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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131
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Khanova E, Wu R, Wang W, Yan R, Chen Y, French SW, Llorente C, Pan SQ, Yang Q, Li Y, Lazaro R, Ansong C, Smith RD, Bataller R, Morgan T, Schnabl B, Tsukamoto H. Pyroptosis by caspase11/4-gasdermin-D pathway in alcoholic hepatitis in mice and patients. Hepatology 2018; 67:1737-1753. [PMID: 29108122 PMCID: PMC5906140 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) continues to be a disease with high mortality and no efficacious medical treatment. Although severe AH is presented as acute on chronic liver failure, what underlies this transition from chronic alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) to AH is largely unknown. To address this question, unbiased RNA sequencing and proteomic analyses were performed on livers of the recently developed AH mouse model, which exhibits the shift to AH from chronic ASH upon weekly alcohol binge, and these results are compared to gene expression profiling data from AH patients. This cross-analysis has identified Casp11 (CASP4 in humans) as a commonly up-regulated gene known to be involved in the noncanonical inflammasome pathway. Immunoblotting confirms CASP11/4 activation in AH mice and patients, but not in chronic ASH mice and healthy human livers. Gasdermin-D (GSDMD), which induces pyroptosis (lytic cell death caused by bacterial infection) downstream of CASP11/4 activation, is also activated in AH livers in mice and patients. CASP11 deficiency reduces GSDMD activation, bacterial load in the liver, and severity of AH in the mouse model. Conversely, the deficiency of interleukin-18, the key antimicrobial cytokine, aggravates hepatic bacterial load, GSDMD activation, and AH. Furthermore, hepatocyte-specific expression of constitutively active GSDMD worsens hepatocellular lytic death and polymorphonuclear leukocyte inflammation. CONCLUSION These results implicate pyroptosis induced by the CASP11/4-GSDMD pathway in the pathogenesis of AH. (Hepatology 2018;67:1737-1753).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Khanova
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis and Department of Pathology, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Raymond Wu
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis and Department of Pathology, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wen Wang
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis and Department of Pathology, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rui Yan
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis and Department of Pathology, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yibu Chen
- Bioinformatics Service, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Cristina Llorente
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego and VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Stephanie Q. Pan
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis and Department of Pathology, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Qihong Yang
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis and Department of Pathology, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yuchang Li
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis and Department of Pathology, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Raul Lazaro
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis and Department of Pathology, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Charles Ansong
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352
| | | | - Ramon Bataller
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Timothy Morgan
- Gastroenterology Services, VA Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, California, USA
| | - Bernd Schnabl
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego and VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Hidekazu Tsukamoto
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis and Department of Pathology, Los Angeles, California, USA,Department of Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
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132
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Chen YX, Tao SC, Xu ZL, Yin WJ, Zhang YL, Yin JH, Gao YS, Zhang CQ. Novel Akt activator SC-79 is a potential treatment for alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Oncotarget 2018; 8:31065-31078. [PMID: 28415692 PMCID: PMC5458189 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol is a leading risk factor for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). We explored the molecular mechanisms underlying alcohol-induced ONFH and investigated the protective effect of the novel Akt activator SC-79 against this disease. We found that ethanol inhibited expression of the osteogenic genes RUNX2 and OCN, downregulated osteogenic differentiation, impaired the recruitment of Akt to the plasma membrane, and suppressed Akt phosphorylation at Ser473, thereby inhibiting the Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway in bone mesenchymal stem cells. To assess SC-79′s ability to counteract the inhibitory effect of ethanol on Akt-Ser73 phosphorylation, we performed micro-computerized tomography and immunofluorescent staining of osteopontin, osteocalcin and collagen type 1 in a rat model of alcohol-induced ONFH. We found that SC-79 injections inhibited alcohol-induced osteonecrosis. These results show that alcohol-induced ONFH is associated with suppression of p-Akt-Ser473 in the Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway in bone mesenchymal stem cells. We propose that SC-79 treatment to rescue Akt activation could be tested in the clinic as a potential therapeutic approach to preventing the development of alcohol-induced ONFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xuan Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Shi-Cong Tao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zheng-Liang Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Wen-Jing Yin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yue-Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jun-Hui Yin
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - You-Shui Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Chang-Qing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.,Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai 200233, China
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Abstract
Recent preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that hyperuricemia (HU) is an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. Receptor-interacting protein 3 (RIP3) is an important contributor in inducing programmed necrosis, representing a newly identified mechanism of cell death combining features of both apoptosis and necrosis. In our study, RIP3 was strongly expressed in mice with hyperuricemia. RIP3 deficiency attenuated hyperuricemia in mice, evidenced by reduced serum uric acid and creatinine and enhanced urinary uric acid and creatinine, as well as the improved histological alterations in renal sections. Additionally, RIP3-deletion reduced malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2 and O2-, whereas enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD), GSH and GSH-Px levels in potassium oxonate-induced mice. Potassium oxonate-treated mice showed significantly high mRNA levels of ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G, membrane 2 (ABCG2), organic anion transporter 1 (OAT1), OAT3, organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) and organic cation/carnitine transporter 1 (OCTN1) in renal tissue samples, which were reversed by RIP3-deficiency. Meanwhile, down-regulation of circulating and kidney pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6) were observed in RIP3-knockout mice with hyperuricemia, associated with inactivation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), inhibitor of NF-κB alpha (IκBα) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). NLR family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome was also suppressed by RIP3 knockout in potassium oxonate-treated mice. Importantly, RIP3-knockout mice exhibited the decrease of FAS-associated protein with a death domain (FADD), cleaved Caspase-8/-3 and Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in renal samples, along with TUNEL reduction in mice with hyperuricemia. Similar results were observed in uric acid-incubated cells with RIP3 knockdown. Thus, we suggested that RIP3 played an important role in mice with hyperuricemia, which might be a novel signal pathway targeting for therapeutic strategies in future.
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134
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Abstract
Necrosis is a hallmark of several widespread diseases or their direct complications. In the past decade, we learned that necrosis can be a regulated process that is potentially druggable. RIPK3- and MLKL-mediated necroptosis represents by far the best studied pathway of regulated necrosis. During necroptosis, the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) drives a phenomenon referred to as necroinflammation, a common consequence of necrosis. However, most studies of regulated necrosis investigated cell lines in vitro in a cell autonomous manner, which represents a non-physiological situation. Conclusions based on such work might not necessarily be transferrable to disease states in which synchronized, non-cell autonomous effects occur. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the pathophysiological relevance of necroptosis in vivo, and in light of this understanding, we reassess the morphological classification of necrosis that is generally used by pathologists. Along these lines, we discuss the paucity of data implicating necroptosis in human disease. Finally, the in vivo relevance of non-necroptotic forms of necrosis, such as ferroptosis, is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wulf Tonnus
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Linkermann
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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135
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Orozco S, Oberst A. RIPK3 in cell death and inflammation: the good, the bad, and the ugly. Immunol Rev 2018; 277:102-112. [PMID: 28462521 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a form of cell death that can be observed downstream of death receptor or pattern recognition receptor signaling under certain cellular contexts, or in response to some viral and bacterial infections. The receptor interacting protein kinases-1 (RIPK1) and RIPK3 are at the core of necroptotic signaling, among other proteins. Because this pathway is normally halted by the pro-apoptotic protease caspase-8 and the IAP ubiquitin ligases, how and when necroptosis is triggered in physiological settings are ongoing questions. Interestingly, accumulating evidence suggests that RIPK3 has functions beyond the induction of necroptotic cell death, especially in the areas of tissue injury and sterile inflammation. Here, we will discuss the role of RIPK3 in a variety of physiological conditions, including necroptotic and non-necroptotic cell death, in the context of viral and bacterial infections, tissue damage, and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Orozco
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Andrew Oberst
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Seattle, WA, USA
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136
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Chen Y, Wu Z, Luo X, Bai S, Zhao L. Effect of the conditional knockout of bone marrow specific RIPK3 gene on bone marrow hematopoiesis in mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:568-576. [PMID: 31938142 PMCID: PMC6958049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 3 (RIPk3) is a key signaling molecule in the regulation of cell apoptosis and necroptosis, it plays an important role in the pathophysiological changes of many hematologic diseases. However, the regulatory role of RIPk3 in programmed cell death (PCD) is not fully known. In this study, bone marrow-specific RIPk3 gene knockout homozygotes (RIPk3-/- mice) were established by homologous recombination. The physiological index of peripheral blood, the morphology and structure of the bone marrow, the bone marrow nucleated cells (BMNCs), the hemopoietic stem cells (HSCs), interleukin-6 (IL-6) level and the colony formation capacity of bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells were compared between RIPk3-/- mice and wild-type mice. The results showed that, the cell death rate of BMNCs in RIPk3-/- mice was significantly higher than that in control mice, indicated that RIPk3 gene knockout may cause damage to bone marrow cells to some extent. However, the bone marrow had normal structure and morphology in the bone marrow-specific RIPk3-knockout mice, and there were not significantly different between the two mice in most of the blood physiological indicators, and colony yields of hemopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Further study found that the bone marrow IL-6 level of the RIPk3-/- mice increased significantly, besides, the number of BMNCs and HSCs in the bone marrow of the RIPk3-/- mice increased considerably as compared with the control mice. The findings implies that bone marrow RIPk3 gene knockout may lead to the increase of BMNCs cell death, however, increased secretion of hematopoietic cytokines such as IL-6 may promote the proliferation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and thus maintain the stability of bone marrow hematopoiesis. This hypothesis and the detailed mechanisms remain to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfeng Chen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Taizhou University Taizhou, China
| | - Zhongmin Wu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Taizhou University Taizhou, China
| | - Xingjing Luo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Taizhou University Taizhou, China
| | - Shi Bai
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Taizhou University Taizhou, China
| | - Lidong Zhao
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Taizhou University Taizhou, China
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137
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Abstract
The receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase1 and 3 (RIPK1, RIPK3) are regulators of cell death and survival. RIPK1 kinase activity is required for necroptosis and apoptosis, while its scaffolding function is necessary for survival. Although both proteins can mediate apoptosis, RIPK1 and RIPK3 are most well-known for their role in the execution of necroptosis via the mixed lineage domain like pseudokinase. Necroptosis is a caspase-independent regulated cell death program which was first described in cultured cells with unknown physiologic relevance in the liver. Many recent reports have suggested that RIPK1 and/or RIPK3 participate in liver disease pathogenesis and cell death. Notably, both proteins have been shown to mediate inflammation independent of cell death. Whether necroptosis occurs in hepatocytes, and how it is executed in the presence of an intact caspase machinery is controversial. In spite of this controversy, it is evident that RIPK1 and RIPK3 participate in many experimental liver disease models. Therefore, in addition to cell death signaling, their necroptosis-independent role warrants further examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Dara
- Research Center for Liver Disease, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles California,Division of GI/Liver, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles California
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138
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Gao B, Zakhari S. Epidemiology and Pathogenesis of Alcoholic Liver Disease. ZAKIM AND BOYER'S HEPATOLOGY 2018:334-344.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-37591-7.00022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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139
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Afonso MB, Rodrigues PM, Simão AL, Gaspar MM, Carvalho T, Borralho P, Bañales JM, Castro RE, Rodrigues CMP. miRNA-21 ablation protects against liver injury and necroptosis in cholestasis. Cell Death Differ 2017; 25:857-872. [PMID: 29229992 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-017-0019-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of microRNA-21 (miR-21) prevents necroptosis in the mouse pancreas. Necroptosis contributes to hepatic necro-inflammation in the common bile duct ligation (BDL) murine model. We aimed to evaluate the role of miR-21 in mediating deleterious processes associated with cholestasis. Mechanistic studies established a functional link between miR-21 and necroptosis through cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein 1 (CDK2AP1). miR-21 expression increased in the liver of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients and BDL wild-type (WT) mice at both 3 and 14 days. Notably, under BDL, miR-21 -/- mice displayed decreased liver injury markers in serum compared with WT mice, accompanied by reduced hepatocellular degeneration, oxidative stress and fibrosis. Hallmarks of necroptosis were decreased in the liver of BDL miR-21 -/- mice, via relieved repression of CDK2AP1. Further, miR-21 -/- mice displayed improved adaptive response of bile acid homeostasis. In conclusion, miR-21 ablation ameliorates liver damage and necroptosis in BDL mice. Inhibition of miR-21 should arise as a promising approach to treat cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta B Afonso
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro M Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - André L Simão
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria M Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tânia Carvalho
- Histology and Comparative Pathology Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula Borralho
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa (ESTEsL), Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Anatomia Patológica, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Hospital Cuf Descobertas, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jesús M Bañales
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital - University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), CIBERehd, Ikerbasque, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Rui E Castro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cecília M P Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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140
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Fuchslocher Chico J, Saggau C, Adam D. Proteolytic control of regulated necrosis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:2147-2161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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141
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Inhibition of Caspase-8 does not protect from alcohol-induced liver apoptosis but alleviates alcoholic hepatic steatosis in mice. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3152. [PMID: 29072704 PMCID: PMC5680911 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic apoptosis is involved in the progression of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Caspase-8, the apical initiator in death receptor-mediated apoptosis, has been implicated in acute liver injury and in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. However, the relevance of Caspase-8 in the pathogenesis of ALD remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the impact of Caspase-8 in human and murine alcohol-induced apoptosis and in ALD. We investigated human samples from ALD patients, primary mouse hepatocytes, and hepatocyte-specific Caspase-8 knockout (Casp8Δhepa) mice in acute and chronic models of ethanol (EtOH) administration. Caspase-8 activation was detected in liver biopsies from ALD patients, as well as in livers of wild-type (WT) mice after chronic ethanol feeding for 8 weeks using the Lieber-DeCarli model. Lack of Caspase-8 expression in Casp8Δhepa animals failed to prevent alcohol-induced liver damage and apoptosis. Instead, inhibition of Caspase-8 shifted the ethanol-induced death signals towards pronounced activation of the intrinsic, mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway in Casp8Δhepa livers involving enhanced release of cytochrome c, stronger Caspase-9 activation and specific morphological changes of mitochondria. In vitro and in vivo intervention using a pan-caspase inhibitor markedly attenuated alcohol-induced hepatocyte damage in a Caspase-8-independent manner. Surprisingly, EtOH-fed Casp8Δhepa mice displayed significantly attenuated steatosis and reduced hepatic triglyceride and free fatty acids content. Caspase-8 is dispensable for alcohol-induced apoptosis, but plays an unexpected role for alcohol-dependent fat metabolism. We provide evidence that simultaneous inhibition of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis signaling using pan-caspase inhibitors in vivo might be an optimal approach to treat alcohol-induced liver injury.
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142
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Seo MJ, Hong JM, Kim SJ, Lee SM. Genipin protects d -galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide-induced hepatic injury through suppression of the necroptosis-mediated inflammasome signaling. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 812:128-137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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143
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Saeed WK, Jun DW, Jang K, Chae YJ, Lee JS, Kang HT. Does necroptosis have a crucial role in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury? PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184752. [PMID: 28957350 PMCID: PMC5619711 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have demonstrated protective effects of anti-receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIP1), a key necroptosis molecule. However, it is uncertain whether necroptosis has a crucial role in hepatic IR injury. Therefore, we evaluated the role of necroptosis in hepatic IR injury. Method The IR mice underwent 70% segmental IR injury induced by the clamping of the hepatic artery and portal vein for 1 hr followed by reperfusion for 4 hr. The key necroptosis molecules (RIP1, RIP3, and MLKL) and other key molecules of regulated necrosis (PGAM5 and caspase-1) were evaluated in the warm IR injury model. A RIP1 inhibitor (necrostain-1s) and/or an anti-mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT)-mediated necrosis mediator (cyclosporine A, CyA) were administered before clamping. Necrotic injury was quantified using Suzuki’s scoring system. qRT-PCR and western blot were performed to evaluate RIP1, RIP3, MLKL and PGAM5 expressions. Results RIP1, RIP3, MLKL and PGAM5 expression did not change in the hepatic IR injury model. Moreover, Nec1s pretreatment did not improve histology or biochemical markers. The overall Suzuki score (cytoplasmic vacuolization, sinusoidal congestion and hepatocytes necrosis) was increased in the RIP3(-/-) mice compared to the IR group (3.5 vs. 5, p = 0.026). CyA pretreatment and/or RIP3(-/-) mice decreased Bax/Bcl2 expression; however, it did lead to an overall change in the levels of AST, ALT and LDH or necrotic injury. The Bax/Bcl2 ratio and the expression of caspase-1 and caspase-3 did not increase in our hepatic IR injury model. Conclusion Key necroptosis molecules did not increase in the necrosis-dominant hepatic IR injury model. Anti-necroptosis and/or cyclosporine-A treatment did not have an overall protective effect on necrosis-dominant hepatic IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar K. Saeed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate school of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Kiseok Jang
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeon Ji Chae
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate school of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jai Sun Lee
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate school of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Tae Kang
- Department of Translational Medicine, Hanyang University Graduate school of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Seoul, South Korea
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144
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Ramadori P, Cubero FJ, Liedtke C, Trautwein C, Nevzorova YA. Alcohol and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Adding Fuel to the Flame. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9100130. [PMID: 28946672 PMCID: PMC5664069 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9100130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary tumors of the liver represent the fifth most common type of cancer in the world and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. Case-control studies from different countries report that chronic ethanol consumption is associated with an approximately 2-fold increased odds ratio for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Despite the substantial epidemiologic data in humans demonstrating that chronic alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for HCC development, the pathways causing alcohol-induced liver cancer are poorly understood. In this overview, we summarize the epidemiological evidence for the association between alcohol and liver cancer, review the genetic, oncogenic, and epigenetic factors that drive HCC development synergistically with ethanol intake and discuss the essential molecular and metabolic pathways involved in alcohol-induced liver tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Ramadori
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Francisco Javier Cubero
- Department of Immunology, Complutense University School of Medicine, Madrid 28040, Spain.
- 13 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid 28041, Spain.
| | - Christian Liedtke
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Yulia A Nevzorova
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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145
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An Inflammatory Perspective on Necroptosis. Mol Cell 2017; 65:965-973. [PMID: 28306512 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Necroptosis (programmed necrosis) occurs in response to TNF, Fas, or TRAIL, as well as certain TLR ligands, when caspase activity required for apoptosis is blocked. Necroptosis is typically considered a highly pro-inflammatory mode of cell death, due to release of intracellular "danger signals" that promote inflammation. However, because most pro-necroptotic stimuli are intrinsically highly pro-inflammatory-due to their ability to initiate the synthesis of numerous cytokines and chemokines-the inflammatory consequences of necroptosis are complex. Here, we suggest that necroptosis might have anti-inflammatory effects in certain settings, through curbing excessive TNF- or TLR-induced inflammatory cytokine production.
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146
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Greuter T, Malhi H, Gores GJ, Shah VH. Therapeutic opportunities for alcoholic steatohepatitis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: exploiting similarities and differences in pathogenesis. JCI Insight 2017; 2:95354. [PMID: 28878132 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.95354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are among the most frequent causes of chronic liver disease in the United States. Although the two entities are triggered by different etiologies - chronic alcohol consumption (ASH) and obesity-associated lipotoxicity (NASH) - they share overlapping histological and clinical features owing to common pathogenic mechanisms. These pathogenic processes include altered hepatocyte lipid metabolism, organelle dysfunction (i.e., ER stress), hepatocyte apoptosis, innate immune system activation, and hepatic stellate cell activation. Nonetheless, there are several disease-specific molecular signaling pathways, such as differential pathway activation downstream of TLR4 (MyD88-dependence in NASH versus MyD88-independence in ASH), inflammasome activation and IL-1β signaling in ASH, insulin resistance and lipotoxicity in NASH, and dysregulation of different microRNAs, which clearly highlight that ASH and NASH are two distinct biological entities. Both pathogenic similarities and differences have therapeutic implications. In this Review, we discuss these pathogenic mechanisms and their therapeutic implications for each disease, focusing on both shared and distinct targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Greuter
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Harmeet Malhi
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Gregory J Gores
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Vijay H Shah
- Gastroenterology Research Unit, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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147
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Lee SH, Kwon JY, Kim SY, Jung K, Cho ML. Interferon-gamma regulates inflammatory cell death by targeting necroptosis in experimental autoimmune arthritis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10133. [PMID: 28860618 PMCID: PMC5579272 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09767-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon γ (IFN-γ) induces an inflammatory response and apoptotic cell death. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease associated with increased levels of inflammatory mediators, including tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and T helper (Th) 17 cells, and downregulation of apoptosis of inflammatory cells. We hypothesized that IFN-γ would reduce inflammatory cell death in vitro and that loss of IFN-γ would aggravate inflammation in vivo. IFN-γ downregulated necroptosis and the expression of cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (cFLIPL) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL). However, loss of IFN-γ promoted the production of cFLIPL and MLKL, and necroptosis. IFN-γ deficiency increased Th17 cell number and upregulated the expression of IL-17 and TNF-α. Expression of MLKL, receptor interacting protein kinase (RIPK)1, and RIPK3 was increased in the joints of mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Compared with wild-type mice with CIA, IFN-γ−/− CIA mice showed exacerbation of cartilage damage and joint inflammation, and acceleration of MLKL, RIPK1, and RIPK3 production in the joints. IFN-γ deficiency induced the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. These results suggest that IFN-γ regulates inflammatory cell death and may have potential for use in the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hoon Lee
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Ye Kwon
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se-Young Kim
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Mi-La Cho
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. .,Laboratory of Immune Network, Conversant Research Consortium in Immunologic disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
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148
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Le Cann F, Delehouzé C, Leverrier-Penna S, Filliol A, Comte A, Delalande O, Desban N, Baratte B, Gallais I, Piquet-Pellorce C, Faurez F, Bonnet M, Mettey Y, Goekjian P, Samson M, Vandenabeele P, Bach S, Dimanche-Boitrel MT. Sibiriline, a new small chemical inhibitor of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1, prevents immune-dependent hepatitis. FEBS J 2017; 284:3050-3068. [PMID: 28715128 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Necroptosis is a regulated form of cell death involved in several disease models including in particular liver diseases. Receptor-interacting protein kinases, RIPK1 and RIPK3, are the main serine/threonine kinases driving this cell death pathway. We screened a noncommercial, kinase-focused chemical library which allowed us to identify Sibiriline as a new inhibitor of necroptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD)-deficient Jurkat cells. Moreover, Sib inhibits necroptotic cell death induced by various death ligands in human or mouse cells while not protecting from caspase-dependent apoptosis. By using competition binding assay and recombinant kinase assays, we demonstrated that Sib is a rather specific competitive RIPK1 inhibitor. Molecular docking analysis shows that Sib is trapped closed to human RIPK1 adenosine triphosphate-binding site in a relatively hydrophobic pocket locking RIPK1 in an inactive conformation. In agreement with its RIPK1 inhibitory property, Sib inhibits both TNF-induced RIPK1-dependent necroptosis and RIPK1-dependent apoptosis. Finally, Sib protects mice from concanavalin A-induced hepatitis. These results reveal the small-molecule Sib as a new RIPK1 inhibitor potentially of interest for the treatment of immune-dependent hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Le Cann
- INSERM UMR 1085, l'Environnement et le Travail, Institut de Recherche sur la Santé, Rennes, France.,Biosit UMS 3080, Université de Rennes 1, France
| | - Claire Delehouzé
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS USR3151, Protein Phosphorylation and Human Disease Laboratory, Sorbonne Universités, Roscoff, France
| | - Sabrina Leverrier-Penna
- INSERM UMR 1085, l'Environnement et le Travail, Institut de Recherche sur la Santé, Rennes, France.,Biosit UMS 3080, Université de Rennes 1, France
| | - Aveline Filliol
- INSERM UMR 1085, l'Environnement et le Travail, Institut de Recherche sur la Santé, Rennes, France.,Biosit UMS 3080, Université de Rennes 1, France
| | - Arnaud Comte
- CNRS UMR 5246, Chimiothèque, ICBMS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Delalande
- CNRS UMR 6290, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, France
| | - Nathalie Desban
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS USR3151, Protein Phosphorylation and Human Disease Laboratory, Sorbonne Universités, Roscoff, France
| | - Blandine Baratte
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS USR3151, Protein Phosphorylation and Human Disease Laboratory, Sorbonne Universités, Roscoff, France
| | - Isabelle Gallais
- INSERM UMR 1085, l'Environnement et le Travail, Institut de Recherche sur la Santé, Rennes, France.,Biosit UMS 3080, Université de Rennes 1, France
| | - Claire Piquet-Pellorce
- INSERM UMR 1085, l'Environnement et le Travail, Institut de Recherche sur la Santé, Rennes, France.,Biosit UMS 3080, Université de Rennes 1, France
| | - Florence Faurez
- INSERM UMR 1085, l'Environnement et le Travail, Institut de Recherche sur la Santé, Rennes, France.,Biosit UMS 3080, Université de Rennes 1, France
| | - Marion Bonnet
- INSERM UMR 1085, l'Environnement et le Travail, Institut de Recherche sur la Santé, Rennes, France.,Biosit UMS 3080, Université de Rennes 1, France.,Division of Infection & Immunity, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, UK
| | - Yvette Mettey
- Laboratoire Chimie Organique, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, Laboratoire Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires, CNRS, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers Cedex, France
| | - Peter Goekjian
- CNRS UMR 5246, Laboratoire Chimie Organique 2-Glycosciences, ICBMS, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Michel Samson
- INSERM UMR 1085, l'Environnement et le Travail, Institut de Recherche sur la Santé, Rennes, France.,Biosit UMS 3080, Université de Rennes 1, France
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Bach
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS USR3151, Protein Phosphorylation and Human Disease Laboratory, Sorbonne Universités, Roscoff, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Dimanche-Boitrel
- INSERM UMR 1085, l'Environnement et le Travail, Institut de Recherche sur la Santé, Rennes, France.,Biosit UMS 3080, Université de Rennes 1, France
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Saikia P, Bellos D, McMullen MR, Pollard KA, de la Motte C, Nagy LE. MicroRNA 181b-3p and its target importin α5 regulate toll-like receptor 4 signaling in Kupffer cells and liver injury in mice in response to ethanol. Hepatology 2017; 66:602-615. [PMID: 28257601 PMCID: PMC5519440 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Increased inflammatory signaling by Kupffer cells contributes to alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Here we investigated the impact of small, specific-sized hyaluronic acid of 35 kD (HA35) on ethanol-induced sensitization of Kupffer cells, as well as ethanol-induced liver injury in mice. Unbiased analysis of microRNA (miRNA) expression in Kupffer cells identified miRNAs regulated by both ethanol and HA35. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated signaling was assessed in primary cultures of Kupffer cells from ethanol- and pair-fed rats after treatment with HA35. Female C57BL6/J mice were fed ethanol or pair-fed control diets and treated or not with HA35. TLR4 signaling was increased in Kupffer cells by ethanol; this sensitization was normalized by ex vivo treatment with HA35. Next generation sequencing of Kupffer cell miRNA identified miRNA 181b-3p (miR181b-3p) as sensitive to both ethanol and HA35. Importin α5, a protein involved in p65 translocation to the nucleus, was identified as a target of miR181b-3p; importin α5 protein was increased in Kupffer cells from ethanol-fed rats, but decreased by HA35 treatment. Overexpression of miR181b-3p decreased importin α5 expression and normalized lipopolysaccharide-stimulated tumor necrosis factor α expression in Kupffer cells from ethanol-fed rats. In a mouse model of ALD, ethanol feeding decreased miR181b-3p in liver and increased expression of importin α5 in nonparenchymal cells. Treatment with HA35 normalized these changes and also protected mice from ethanol-induced liver and intestinal injury. CONCLUSION miR181b-3p is dynamically regulated in Kupffer cells and mouse liver in response to ethanol and treatment with HA35. miR181b-3p modulates expression of importin α5 and sensitivity of TLR4-mediated signaling. This study identifies a miR181b-3p-importin α5 axis in regulating inflammatory signaling pathways in hepatic macrophages. (Hepatology 2017;66:602-615).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramananda Saikia
- Department of Pathobiology, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Damien Bellos
- Department of Pathobiology, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Megan R McMullen
- Department of Pathobiology, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Katherine A Pollard
- Department of Pathobiology, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Carol de la Motte
- Department of Pathobiology, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Laura E Nagy
- Department of Pathobiology, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Gastroenterology, Center for Liver Disease Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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150
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Xiao X, Du C, Yan Z, Shi Y, Duan H, Ren Y. Inhibition of Necroptosis Attenuates Kidney Inflammation and Interstitial Fibrosis Induced By Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction. Am J Nephrol 2017; 46:131-138. [PMID: 28723681 DOI: 10.1159/000478746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation plays a crucial role in renal interstitial fibrosis, the pathway of chronic kidney diseases. Necroptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death, which plays a potential role in inflammation and renal diseases. The small molecule necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) is a specific inhibitor of necroptosis. This study was aimed at determining the role of necroptosis, RIP1/RIP3/mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) signaling pathway, in renal inflammation and interstitial fibrosis related to primitive tubulointerstitial injury. It was also aimed at evaluating the effect of Nec-1 in renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). METHODS Renal histology, immunohistochemistry, western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction were performed using UUO C57BL/6J mice model. Moreover, we tested whether Nec-1 was renal-protective in the interstitial fibrosis kidney. Mice were exposed to UUO and injected intraperitoneal with Nec-1 or vehicle. RESULTS The levels of RIP1/RIP3/MLKL protein and mRNA were increased in the obstructed kidneys 7 days after UUO; this was accompanied by changes in renal pathological lesions. Renal histological examination showed lesser renal damage in Nec-1-treated UUO mice. Renal inflammation, assessed by tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 was markedly attenuated by Nec-1. Furthermore, Nec-1 treatment also significantly reduced TGF-β and α-smooth muscle actin, indicating lesser renal interstitial fibrosis. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the participation of necroptosis in UUO is partly demonstrated. And necroptosis inhibition may have a potential role in the treatment of diseases with increased inflammatory response and interstitial fibrosis in renal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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