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Feng C, Li J, Wu GS, Mu YZ, Kong M, Jiang CQ, Cheng XJ, Liu Y, Chen XG. Chitosan-Coated Diatom Silica as Hemostatic Agent for Hemorrhage Control. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:34234-34243. [PMID: 27998147 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrolled hemorrhage leads to high death risk both in military and civilian trauma. Current hemostatic agents still have various limitations and side effects. In this study, natural diatom silica obtained from diatomite and diatom culture was purified and developed for hemorrhage control. To improve the biocompatibility and hemostatic performance of diatom silica, a series of chitosan-coated diatom (CS-diatom) was developed. The composition of CS-diatom prepared was optimized by in vitro hemocompatibility and blood coagulation evaluation for that prepared with 0.5%, 1%, 3%, and 5% chitosan. The results demonstrated that the CS-diatom prepared with 1% chitosan exhibited favorable biocompatibility (hemolysis ratio < 5%, no cytotoxicity to MEFs), great fluid absorbility (24.39 ± 1.53 times the weight of liquid), and desirable hemostasis effect (351 ± 14.73 s at 5 mg/mL, 248 ± 32.42s at 10 mg/mL). Further blood coagulation mechanism study indicated that CS-diatom could provide an ideal interface to induce erythrocyte absorption and aggregation, along with activating the intrinsic coagulation pathway and thus accelerated blood coagulation. Benefitting from the multiple hemostatic performances, CS-diatom showed the shortest clotting time (98.34 ± 26.54 s) and lowest blood loss (0.31 ± 0.11 g) in rat-tail amputation model compare to diatomite and diatom as well as gauze and commercial QuikClot zeolite. The results evidenced that the CS-diatom was a safe and effective hemostatic agent and provided a new understanding of nonsynthetic mesoporous materials for hemorrhage control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Feng
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guang Sheng Wu
- Qingdao First Sanatorium, Jinan Military Region , 27# West Hong Kong Road, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yu Zhi Mu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ming Kong
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chang Qing Jiang
- Qingdao Municipal Hospital , 5# East Sea Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao Jie Cheng
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ya Liu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xi Guang Chen
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China , 5# Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
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102
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Chung YJ, An SY, Yeon JY, Shim WS, Mo JH. Effect of a Chitosan Gel on Hemostasis and Prevention of Adhesion After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2016; 9:143-9. [PMID: 27090275 PMCID: PMC4881319 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2015.00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Postoperative bleeding and adhesion formation are the two most common complications after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). The former sometimes can be life threatening and the latter is the most common reason requiring revision surgery. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of newly developed chitosan gel (8% carboxymethyl chitosan, Surgi shield) on hemostasis and wound healing after ESS. METHODS A prospective, randomized, double-blind controlled trial was conducted in 33 patients undergoing symmetric ESS. At the conclusion of the operation, Surgi shield was randomly applied on one side of the nasal cavity, with the opposite side acting as control and the bleeding quantity of the surgical field was evaluated every 2 minutes. And then, Merocel was placed in the ethmoidectomized areas of the both sides. Five milliliters of Surgi shield was applied to the Merocel of intervention side and saline was applied to the other side. Merocel in both nasal cavities was removed and 5 mL of Surgi shield was applied again to the intervention side on the second day after surgery. The nasal cavity was examined using a nasal endoscope and the degree of adhesion, crusting, mucosal edema, infection, and granulations were graded at 1, 2, and 4 weeks after surgery. RESULTS Complete hemostasis was rapidly achieved in the Surgi shield applied side compared with the control side at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 minutes after application of Surgi shield (P=0.007, P=0.004, P<0.001, P=0.001, and P<0.001, respectively). There were significantly less adhesions on the Surgi shield applied side at postoperative 1, 2, and 4 weeks (P=0.001, P<0.001, and P<0.001, respectively). The degree of mucosal edema, infection, crusting, or granulation formation assessed by the endoscopic features in the Surgi shield applied side was not significantly different from that of the control side (P>0.05). No adverse effects were noted in the patient series. CONCLUSION Surgi shield containing chitosan can be used safely to achieve rapid hemostasis immediately after ESS and to prevent adhesion formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jun Chung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Se-Young An
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Je-Yeob Yeon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Woo Sub Shim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Ji-Hun Mo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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Kim H, Lee J. Strategies to Maximize the Potential of Marine Biomaterials as a Platform for Cell Therapy. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:E29. [PMID: 26821034 PMCID: PMC4771982 DOI: 10.3390/md14020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine biopolymers have been explored as a promising cell therapy system for efficient cell delivery and tissue engineering. However, the marine biomaterial-based systems themselves have exhibited limited performance in terms of maintenance of cell viability and functions, promotion of cell proliferation and differentiation as well as cell delivery efficiency. Thus, numerous novel strategies have been devised to improve cell therapy outcomes. The strategies include optimization of physical and biochemical properties, provision of stimuli-responsive functions, and design of platforms for efficient cell delivery and tissue engineering. These approaches have demonstrated substantial improvement of therapeutic outcomes in a variety of research settings. In this review, therefore, research progress made with marine biomaterials as a platform for cell therapy is reported along with current research directions to further advance cell therapies as a tool to cure incurable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongmin Kim
- Pharmaceutical Formulation Design Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
- Bio-Integration Research Center for Nutra-Pharmaceutical Epigenetics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
| | - Jaehwi Lee
- Pharmaceutical Formulation Design Laboratory, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
- Bio-Integration Research Center for Nutra-Pharmaceutical Epigenetics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
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Park GH, Kang MS, Knowles JC, Gong MS. Synthesis, characterization, and biocompatible properties of alanine-grafted chitosan copolymers. J Biomater Appl 2016; 30:1350-61. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328215626892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In order to overcome major problems regarding the lack of affinity to solvents and limited reactivity of the free amines of chitosan, introduction of appropriate spacer arms having terminal amine function is considered of interest. L-Alanine- N-carboxyanhydride was grafted onto chitosan via anionic ring-opening polymerization. The chemical and structural characterizations of L-alanine-grafted chitosan ( Ala-g-Cts) were confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR). In addition, the viscoelastic properties of Ala-g-Cts were examined by means of a rotational viscometer, and thermal analysis was carried out with a thermogravimetric analyzer and differential scanning calorimetry. Morphological changes in the chitosan L-alanine moiety were determined by x-ray diffraction. To determine the feasibility of using these films as biomedical materials, we investigated the effects of their L-alanine content on physical and mechanical properties. The biodegradation results of crosslinked Ala-g-Cts films were evaluated in phosphate-buffered solution containing lysozyme at 37℃. Proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells on crosslinked Ala-g-Cts films was also investigated with use of the CCK-8 assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyu Han Park
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University Graduate School, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sil Kang
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University Graduate School, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University Graduate School, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Myoung-Seon Gong
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science, Dankook University Graduate School, Cheonan, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
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105
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The efficient hemostatic effect of Antarctic krill chitosan is related to its hydration property. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 132:295-303. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Ostadhossein F, Mahmoudi N, Morales-Cid G, Tamjid E, Navas-Martos FJ, Soriano-Cuadrado B, Paniza JML, Simchi A. Development of Chitosan/Bacterial Cellulose Composite Films Containing Nanodiamonds as a Potential Flexible Platform for Wound Dressing. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2015; 8:6401-6418. [PMID: 28793571 PMCID: PMC5512916 DOI: 10.3390/ma8095309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan/bacterial cellulose composite films containing diamond nanoparticles (NDs) with potential application as wound dressing are introduced. Microstructural studies show that NDs are uniformly dispersed in the matrix, although slight agglomeration at concentrations above 2 wt % is seen. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals formation of hydrogen bonds between NDs and the polymer matrix. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates reduced crystallinity of the polymer matrix in the presence of NDs. Approximately 3.5-fold increase in the elastic modulus of the composite film is obtained by the addition of 2 wt % NDs. The results of colorimetric analysis show that the composite films are transparent but turn to gray-like and semitransparent at high ND concentrations. Additionally, a decrease in highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) gap is also seen, which results in a red shift and higher absorption intensity towards the visible region. Mitochondrial activity assay using L929 fibroblast cells shows that the nanocomposite films are biocompatible (>90%) after 24 h incubation. Multiple lamellapodia and cell-cell interaction are shown. The results suggest that the developed films can potentially be used as a flexible platform for wound dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ostadhossein
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, PO Box 11155-9161, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nafiseh Mahmoudi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, PO Box 11155-9161, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gabriel Morales-Cid
- Fundacion Andaltec I+D+i, Poligono industrial Cañada de la Fuente, 23600 Martos, Jaen, Spain.
| | - Elnaz Tamjid
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, PO Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Belén Soriano-Cuadrado
- Fundacion Andaltec I+D+i, Poligono industrial Cañada de la Fuente, 23600 Martos, Jaen, Spain.
| | | | - Abdolreza Simchi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, PO Box 11155-9161, Tehran, Iran.
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, PO Box 11365-9466, Tehran, Iran.
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107
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Using absorbable chitosan hemostatic sponges as a promising surgical dressing. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 75:322-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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108
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Evaluation of hemagglutination activity of chitosan nanoparticles using human erythrocytes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:247965. [PMID: 25759815 PMCID: PMC4339715 DOI: 10.1155/2015/247965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan is a polysaccharide composed of randomly distributed chains of β-(1-4) D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. This compound is obtained by partial or total deacetylation of chitin in acidic solution. The chitosan-based hemostatic agents have been gaining much attention in the management of bleeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro hemagglutination activity of chitosan nanoparticles using human erythrocytes. The preparation of nanoparticles was achieved by ionotropic gelification technique followed by neutralization with NaOH 1 mol/L(-1). The hemagglutination activity was performed on a solution of 2% erythrocytes (pH 7.4 on PBS) collected from five healthy volunteers. The hemolysis determination was made by spectrophotometric analysis. Chitosan nanoparticle solutions without NaOH addition changed the reddish colour of the wells into brown, suggesting an oxidative reaction of hemoglobin and possible cell lysis. All neutralized solutions of chitosan nanoparticles presented positive haemagglutination, without any change in reaction color. Chitosan nanoparticles presented hemolytic activity ranging from 186.20 to 223.12%, while neutralized solutions ranged from 2.56 to 72.54%, comparing to distilled water. Results highlight the need for development of new routes of synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles within human physiologic pH.
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Hattori H, Ishihara M. Changes in blood aggregation with differences in molecular weight and degree of deacetylation of chitosan. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 10:015014. [PMID: 25611127 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/10/1/015014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Because the molecular weight (Mw) and degree of deacetylation (DDA) of chitosan can vary depending on the purification method, the identification of appropriate chitosan structures is important for developing more effective hemostatic agents. In this study, the influence of varying Mw and DDA of chitosan on blood aggregation was characterized by 10 types of chitosan with different Mw and DDA, including oligomers. The highest aggregation of whole blood, washed erythrocytes and platelets in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) were observed in chitosan with Mw of 8.6 kDa or more and with DDA of 75 to 88%. However, chitosan with too high Mw (247 kDa) inhibited the aggregation of whole blood, washed erythrocytes and PRP at high chitosan concentration. At certain concentrations, chitosan with 75-85% DDA and 50-190 kDa and chitosan with 87.6% DDA and 247 kDa both aggregated proteins in PRP. Chitosan oligomer did not affect blood aggregation. The results suggested that the aggregation by chitosan depended on the interaction of positively charged chitosan with negatively charged erythrocytes, platelets and plasma protein. It seemed that a suitable balance of positive charge in chitosan and negative charge in hemocytes and some kinds of proteins was important. To develop a hemostatic with effective blood aggregation, the chitosan should not be limited to a single Mw and a single DDA but may be a mixed chitosan with wide range of Mw (8.6-247 kDa) and DDA of 75 to 88%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidemi Hattori
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Research Institute, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
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110
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Wu C, Kao CY, Tseng SY, Chen KC, Chen SF. Determination of the degree of deacetylation of chitosan by capillary zone electrophoresis. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 111:236-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.04.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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111
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Platelet rich fibrin versus Hemcon dental dressing following dental extraction in patients under anticoagulant therapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tdj.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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112
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Lorkowska-Zawicka B, Kamiński K, Ciejka J, Szczubiałka K, Białas M, Okoń K, Adamek D, Nowakowska M, Jawień J, Olszanecki R, Korbut R. Inactivation of heparin by cationically modified chitosan. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:3953-69. [PMID: 24983639 PMCID: PMC4113808 DOI: 10.3390/md12073953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the ability of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-tri methylammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC), the cationically modified chitosan, to form biologically inactive complexes with unfractionated heparin and thereby blocking its anticoagulant activity. Experiments were carried out in rats in vivo and in vitro using the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) tests for evaluation of heparin anticoagulant activity. For the first time we have found that HTCC effectively neutralizes anticoagulant action of heparin in rat blood in vitro as well as in rats in vivo. The effect of HTCC on suppression of heparin activity is dose-dependent and its efficacy can be comparable to that of protamine-the only agent used in clinic for heparin neutralization. HTCC administered i.v. alone had no direct effect on any of the coagulation tests used. The potential adverse effects of HTCC were further explored using rat experimental model of acute toxicity. When administered i.p. at high doses (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight), HTCC induced some significant dose-dependent structural abnormalities in the liver. However, when HTCC was administered at low doses, comparable to those used for neutralization of anticoagulant effect of heparin, no histopathological abnormalities in liver were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lorkowska-Zawicka
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegórzecka Str., Cracow 31-531, Poland.
| | - Kamil Kamiński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 3 Ingardena Str., Cracow 30-060, Poland.
| | - Justyna Ciejka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 3 Ingardena Str., Cracow 30-060, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Szczubiałka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 3 Ingardena Str., Cracow 30-060, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Białas
- Department of Pathomorphology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegórzecka Str., Cracow 31-531, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Okoń
- Department of Pathomorphology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegórzecka Str., Cracow 31-531, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Adamek
- Department of Pathomorphology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegórzecka Str., Cracow 31-531, Poland.
| | - Maria Nowakowska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 3 Ingardena Str., Cracow 30-060, Poland.
| | - Jacek Jawień
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegórzecka Str., Cracow 31-531, Poland.
| | - Rafał Olszanecki
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegórzecka Str., Cracow 31-531, Poland.
| | - Ryszard Korbut
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Grzegórzecka Str., Cracow 31-531, Poland.
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Abstract
Glycomics is an international initiative aimed to understand the structure and function of the glycans from a given type of cell, tissue, organism, kingdom or even environment, as found under certain conditions. Glycomics is one of the latest areas of intense biological research. Glycans of marine sources are unique in terms of structure and function. They differ considerably from those of terrestrial origin. This review discusses the most known marine glycans of potential therapeutic properties. They are chitin, chitosan, and sulfated polysaccharides named glycosaminoglycans, sulfated fucans, and sulfated galactans. Their medical actions are very broad. When certain structural requirements are found, these glycans can exhibit beneficial effects in inflammation, coagulation, thrombosis, cancer growth/metastasis, and vascular biology. Both structure and therapeutic mechanisms of action of these marine glycans are discussed here in straight context with the current glycomic age through a project suggestively named marine medicinal glycomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor H Pomin
- Program of Glycobiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, and University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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115
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Venkatesan J, Vinodhini PA, Sudha PN, Kim SK. Chitin and chitosan composites for bone tissue regeneration. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2014; 73:59-81. [PMID: 25300543 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800268-1.00005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the present world, where there is increased obesity and poor physical activity, the occurrence of bone disorders has also been increased steeply. Therefore, a significant progress has been made in organ transplantation, surgical reconstruction, and the use of artificial prostheses to treat the loss or failure of an organ or bone tissue in the recent years. Bone contains considerable amounts of minerals and proteins. The major component of bone is hydroxyapatite [Ca(10)(PO(4))(6)(OH)(2)] (60-65%) and is one of the most stable forms of calcium phosphate and it occurs along with other materials including collagen, chondroitin sulfate, keratin sulfate, and lipids. To remedy bone defects, new natural and synthetic materials are needed, which will have very similar properties as that of natural bone. Bone tissue engineering is a relatively new and emerging field, which paves the way for bone repair or regeneration. Polymers can serve as a matrix to support cell growth by having various properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, porosity, charge, mechanical strength, and hydrophobicity. Considerable attention has been given to chitin and chitosan composite materials and their applications in the field of bone tissue engineering in the recent years, which are natural biopolymers. This chapter reviews the various composites of chitin and chitosan, which are proved to be potential materials for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayachandran Venkatesan
- Department of Marine-bio Convergence Science and Marine Bioprocess Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.
| | - P Angelin Vinodhini
- Department of Chemistry, D.K.M. College for Women, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prasad N Sudha
- Department of Marine-bio Convergence Science and Marine Bioprocess Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Se-Kwon Kim
- Department of Marine-bio Convergence Science and Marine Bioprocess Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
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116
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Behrens AM, Sikorski MJ, Kofinas P. Hemostatic strategies for traumatic and surgical bleeding. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:4182-94. [PMID: 24307256 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Wide interest in new hemostatic approaches has stemmed from unmet needs in the hospital and on the battlefield. Many current commercial hemostatic agents fail to fulfill the design requirements of safety, efficacy, cost, and storage. Academic focus has led to the improvement of existing strategies as well as new developments. This review will identify and discuss the three major classes of hemostatic approaches: biologically derived materials, synthetically derived materials, and intravenously administered hemostatic agents. The general class is first discussed, then specific approaches discussed in detail, including the hemostatic mechanisms and the advancement of the method. As hemostatic strategies evolve and synthetic-biologic interactions are more fully understood, current clinical methodologies will be replaced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Behrens
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 2330 Jeong H. Kim Engineering Building, College Park, Maryland, 20742
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118
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Gu BK, Park SJ, Kim MS, Kang CM, Kim JI, Kim CH. Fabrication of sonicated chitosan nanofiber mat with enlarged porosity for use as hemostatic materials. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 97:65-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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119
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Shukla SK, Mishra AK, Arotiba OA, Mamba BB. Chitosan-based nanomaterials: a state-of-the-art review. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 59:46-58. [PMID: 23608103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript briefly reviews the extensive research as well as new developments on chitosan based nanomaterials for various applications. Chitosan is a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer having immense structural possibilities for chemical and mechanical modification to generate novel properties and functions in different fields especially in the biomedical field. Over the last era, research in functional biomaterials such as chitosan has led to the development of new drug delivery system and superior regenerative medicine, currently one of the most quickly growing fields in the area of health science. Chitosan is known as a biomaterial due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxic properties. These properties clearly point out that chitosan has greater potential for future development in different fields of science namely drug delivery, gene delivery, cell imaging, sensors and also in the treatment as well as diagnosis of some diseases like cancer. Chitosan based nanomaterials have superior physical and chemical properties such as high surface area, porosity, tensile strength, conductivity, photo-luminescent as well as increased mechanical properties as comparison to pure chitosan. This review highlights the recent research on different aspect of chitosan based nanomaterials, including their preparation and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudheesh K Shukla
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Zhang W, Zhong D, Liu Q, Zhang Y, Li N, Wang Q, Liu Z, Xue W. Effect of chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan on fibrinogen structure and blood coagulation. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2013; 24:1549-63. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2013.777229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Jinan University , Guangzhou , 510632 , China
| | - Dagen Zhong
- a Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Jinan University , Guangzhou , 510632 , China
| | - Quan Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Jinan University , Guangzhou , 510632 , China
| | - Yi Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Jinan University , Guangzhou , 510632 , China
| | - Nan Li
- b Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes , Jinan University , Guangzhou , 510632 , China
| | - Qian Wang
- c Clinical Laboratory , Qilu Hospital of Shandong University , Shandong , 250012 , China
| | - Zonghua Liu
- a Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Jinan University , Guangzhou , 510632 , China
- b Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes , Jinan University , Guangzhou , 510632 , China
| | - Wei Xue
- a Key Laboratory of Biomaterials of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Biomedical Engineering , Jinan University , Guangzhou , 510632 , China
- b Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes , Jinan University , Guangzhou , 510632 , China
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Zhao Y, Zhang D, Wang S, Tao L, Wang A, Chen W, Zhu Z, Zheng S, Gao X, Lu Y. Holothurian glycosaminoglycan inhibits metastasis and thrombosis via targeting of nuclear factor-κB/tissue factor/Factor Xa pathway in melanoma B16F10 cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56557. [PMID: 23437168 PMCID: PMC3578936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Holothurian glycosaminoglycan (hGAG) is a high-molecular-weight form of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate and has an antithrombotic effect. Our previous studies demonstrated that hGAG efficiently inhibited tumor cell metastasis. The interplays between thrombosis and tumor progression may have a major impact on hematogenous metastasis. In this study, we demonstrated that the mouse melanoma B16F10 cells treated with hGAG displayed a significant reduction of metastasis and coagulation capacity in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed that hGAG treatment in B16F10 cells remarkably inhibited the formation of fibrin through attenuating the generation of activated Factor Xa (FXa), without affecting the expression of urokinase (uPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) that involved in fibrinolysis. Moreover, hGAG treatment downregulated the transcription and protein expression of tissue factor (TF). Promoter deletions, site mutations and functional studies identified that the nuclear transcription factor NF-κB binding region is responsible for hGAG-induced inhibition of TF expression. While the hGAG treatment of B16F10 cells was unable to inhibit NF-κB expression and phosphorylation, hGAG significantly prevented nuclear translocation of NF-κB from the cytosol, a potential mechanism underlying the transcriptional suppression of TF. Moreover, hGAG markedly suppressed the activation of p38MAPK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, the central regulators for the expression of metastasis-related matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Consequently, hGAG exerts a dual function in the inhibition of metastasis and coagulation activity in mouse melanoma B16F10 cells. Our studies suggest hGAG to be a promising therapeutic agent for metastatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daohai Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Tao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aiyun Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenxing Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhijie Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shizhong Zheng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin Lu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Periayah MH, Halim AS, Hussein AR, Saad AZM, Rashid AHA, Noorsal K. In vitro capacity of different grades of chitosan derivatives to induce platelet adhesion and aggregation. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 52:244-9. [PMID: 23063426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan-derived hemostatic agents with various formulations may have distinct potential in hemostasis. This study assessed the ability of different grades and forms of chitosan derivatives as hemostatic agents to enhance platelet adhesion and aggregation in vitro. The chitosan derivatives utilized were 2% NO-CMC, 7% NO-CMC (with 0.45 mL collagen), 8% NO-CMC, O-C 52, 5% O-CMC-47, NO-CMC-35, and O-C 53. Samples of chitosan derivatives weighing 5mg were incubated at 37°C with 50 μL of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) (pH 7.4) for 60 min. The morphological features of the platelets upon adherence to the chitosan were viewed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the platelet count was analyzed with an Automated Hematology Analyzer. For platelet aggregation, we added an adenosine diphosphate (ADP) agonist to induce the chitosan-adhered platelets. O-C 52 bound with platelets exhibited platelet aggregates and clumps on the surface of the membrane layer with approximately 70-80% coverage. A statistically significant correlation (p<0.01) for the platelet count was identified between the baseline value and the values at 10 min and 20 min. The results indicate that O-C 53 and O-C 52 were able to promote clotting have the potential to induce the release of platelets engaged in the process of hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy Halleluyah Periayah
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Kale TP, Singh AK, Kotrashetti SM, Kapoor A. Effectiveness of Hemcon Dental Dressing versus Conventional Method of Haemostasis in 40 Patients on Oral Antiplatelet Drugs. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2012; 12:330-5. [PMID: 22912926 DOI: 10.12816/0003147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Revised: 03/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the HemCon Dental Dressing (HDD) in controlling post extraction bleeding and to ascertain its role in healing of extraction wounds, as compared to control. METHODS The 40 participants in the study were all receiving oral antiplatelet therapy (OAT). A total of 80 extractions were conducted without altering the patients' drug therapy. The extraction sites were divided into 2 groups: one group received a HDD, and the control group where the conventional method of pressure pack with sterile gauze under biting pressure (followed by suturing if required) was used to achieve haemostasis. RESULTS All HemCon treated sites achieved haemostasis sooner (mean = 53 seconds) than the control sites (mean = 918 seconds) which was statistically significant (P <0.001). Postoperative pain in the HDD group (1.74) was also significantly lower than in the control group (5.26) (P <0.001). Approximately 72.5% of HDD-treated sites showed significantly better postoperative healing when compared to the control site (P <0.001). CONCLUSION HDD proved to be an excellent haemostatic agent that significantly shortened the bleeding time following dental extraction in patients on OAT. Additionally, HDD offered significantly improved post-operative healing of the extraction socket and less postoperative pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejraj P Kale
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, KLE Vishwanath Katti Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum, Karnataka, India
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125
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Fedel M, Endogan T, Hasirci N, Maniglio D, Morelli A, Chiellini F, Motta A. Blood compatibility of polymers derived from natural materials. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911512446060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Several polymers derived from natural materials are effective for tissue engineering or drug delivery applications, due to specific properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and structural activity. Their blood compatibility needs to be carefully evaluated to avoid thrombosis and other material-related adverse events in the hematic environment. We compared the surface properties and blood compatibility of protein and polysaccharide polymers, including fibroin, gelatin, and chitosan. Both fibroin and chitosan showed good hemocompatibility, with low platelet adhesion and spreading. Chitosan induced strong interactions with plasma proteins, especially with albumin. It was hypothesized that surface passivation by albumin inhibited the adsorption of other procoagulant and proadhesive proteins on chitosan and fibroin films, which limited platelet spreading. However, the significant and rapid polymer swelling encouraged protein entrapment within the soft, gelatin films, inducing higher platelet adhesion and activation. Thrombin generation assay confirmed the higher blood compatibility of chitosan and fibroin with regard to clotting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Fedel
- Department of Materials Engineering and Industrial Technologies—UdR-INSTM and Biotech Research Centre, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Trento, Italy
| | - Tugba Endogan
- Graduate Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Hasirci
- European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Trento, Italy
- Graduate Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Biomedical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
- METU-BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Devid Maniglio
- Department of Materials Engineering and Industrial Technologies—UdR-INSTM and Biotech Research Centre, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Trento, Italy
| | - Andrea Morelli
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Biomedical and Environmental Applications (Biolab)—UdR-INSTM—Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federica Chiellini
- European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Trento, Italy
- Laboratory of Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Biomedical and Environmental Applications (Biolab)—UdR-INSTM—Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Motta
- Department of Materials Engineering and Industrial Technologies—UdR-INSTM and Biotech Research Centre, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Trento, Italy
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126
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Ren Z, Chen G, Wei Z, Sang L, Qi M. Hemocompatibility evaluation of polyurethane film with surface-grafted poly(ethylene glycol) and carboxymethyl-chitosan. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.37885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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127
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Yang Z, Han B, Fu D, Liu W. Acute toxicity of high dosage carboxymethyl chitosan and its effect on the blood parameters in rats. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2012; 23:457-462. [PMID: 22042463 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-011-4467-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was aimed to study whether Carboxymethyl chitosan has acute toxicity and effects on the blood parameters of rats, which were treated with high dosage carboxymethyl chitosan (1350 mg/kg) through a laparotomy. Acute toxicity was first studied and then kinds of blood parameters were detected at different time points after the laparotomy, which contain coagulant parameters (thrombin time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplatin time and fibrinogen), anticoagulant parameter (antithrombin III), fibrinolytic parameters (plasminogen and fibrin degradation product) and hemorheology parameters (blood viscosity). Results showed that no acute toxicity was detected and no significant effects were found on the parameters of coagulation, anticoagulation, fibrinolysis or hemorheology of rats after the laparotomy, which indicated that carboxymethyl chitosan has no significant toxicity on the blood system of rats after being absorbed in the abdominal cavity and degraded gradually in the blood. And this study has provided experimental basis for carboxymethyl chitosan to be applied in the field of biomedical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Yang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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128
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He Q, Gong K, Ao Q, Ma T, Yan Y, Gong Y, Zhang X. Positive charge of chitosan retards blood coagulation on chitosan films. J Biomater Appl 2011; 27:1032-45. [PMID: 22207609 DOI: 10.1177/0885328211432487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a series of chitosan films with different protonation degrees were prepared by deacidification with NaOH aqueous or ethanol solutions. The films were then used as a model to investigate the effects of the positive charge of chitosan on blood coagulation. The results showed that the positive charge of chitosan acted as a double-edged sword, in that it promoted erythrocyte adhesion, fibrinogen adsorption, and platelet adhesion and activation, but inhibited activation of the contact system. In contrast to prevailing views, we found that the positive charge of chitosan retarded thrombin generation and blood coagulation on these films. At least two reasons were responsible for this phenomenon. First, the positive charge inhibited the contact activation, and second, the positive charge could not significantly promote the activation of non-adherent platelets in the bulk phase during the early stage of coagulation. The present findings improve our understanding of the events leading to blood coagulation on chitosan films, which will be useful for the future development of novel chitosan-based hemostatic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing He
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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129
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Dash M, Chiellini F, Ottenbrite R, Chiellini E. Chitosan—A versatile semi-synthetic polymer in biomedical applications. Prog Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1932] [Impact Index Per Article: 148.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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130
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Lord MS, Cheng B, McCarthy SJ, Jung M, Whitelock JM. The modulation of platelet adhesion and activation by chitosan through plasma and extracellular matrix proteins. Biomaterials 2011; 32:6655-62. [PMID: 21676458 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.05.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan has been shown to promote initial wound closure events to prevent blood loss. Platelet adhesion and activation are crucial early events in these processes after traumatic bleeding leading to thrombus formation. Platelet adhesion to chitosan was found to be enhanced in the presence of adsorbed plasma and extracellular matrix proteins and was found to be primarily mediated by α(IIb)β(3) integrins, while α(2)β(1) integrins were found to be involved in platelet adhesion to collagen and perlecan. Platelets were found to be activated by chitosan, as shown by an increase in the expression of α(IIb)β(3) integrins and P-selectin, while the extent of activation was modulated by the presence of proteins including perlecan and fibrinogen. Collagen-coated chitosan was found to activate platelets to the same extent as either chitosan or collagen alone. These data support the role of plasma and extracellular matrix proteins in promoting chitosan mediated platelet adhesion and activation supporting the hypothesis that chitosan promotes wound healing via these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S Lord
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia.
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131
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Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2011_137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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132
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Kung S, Devlin H, Fu E, Ho KY, Liang SY, Hsieh YD. The osteoinductive effect of chitosan-collagen composites around pure titanium implant surfaces in rats. J Periodontal Res 2010; 46:126-33. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2010.01322.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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133
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Molecular imprinted macroporous chitosan coated mesoporous silica xerogels for hemorrhage control. Biomaterials 2010; 31:7620-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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134
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Song L, Zhu D, Liu L, Dong X, Zhang H, Leng X. Evaluation of the coagulation properties of arginine-chitosan/DNA nanoparticles. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2010; 95:374-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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135
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He Q, Ao Q, Gong K, Zhang L, Hu M, Gong Y, Zhang X. Preparation and characterization of chitosan-heparin composite matrices for blood contacting tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2010; 5:055001. [PMID: 20826908 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/5/5/055001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan has been widely used for biomaterial scaffolds in tissue engineering because of its good mechanical properties and cytocompatibility. However, the poor blood compatibility of chitosan has greatly limited its biomedical utilization, especially for blood contacting tissue engineering. In this study, we exploited a polymer blending procedure to heparinize the chitosan material under simple and mild conditions to improve its antithrombogenic property. By an optimized procedure, a macroscopically homogeneous chitosan-heparin (Chi-Hep) blended suspension was obtained, with which Chi-Hep composite films and porous scaffolds were fabricated. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and sulfur elemental analysis confirmed the successful immobilization of heparin in the composite matrices (i.e. films and porous scaffolds). Toluidine blue staining indicated that heparin was distributed homogeneously in the composite matrices. Only a small amount of heparin was released from the matrices during incubation in normal saline for 10 days. The composite matrices showed improved blood compatibility, as well as good mechanical properties and endothelial cell compatibility. These results suggest that the Chi-Hep composite matrices are promising candidates for blood contacting tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing He
- School of Life Science, State Key Lab of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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136
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Zhang J, Xia W, Liu P, Cheng Q, Tahirou T, Gu W, Li B. Chitosan modification and pharmaceutical/biomedical applications. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:1962-87. [PMID: 20714418 PMCID: PMC2920537 DOI: 10.3390/md8071962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Revised: 05/29/2010] [Accepted: 06/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan has received much attention as a functional biopolymer for diverse applications, especially in pharmaceutics and medicine. Our recent efforts focused on the chemical and biological modification of chitosan in order to increase its solubility in aqueous solutions and absorbability in the in vivo system, thus for a better use of chitosan. This review summarizes chitosan modification and its pharmaceutical/biomedical applications based on our achievements as well as the domestic and overseas developments: (1) enzymatic preparation of low molecular weight chitosans/chitooligosaccharides with their hypocholesterolemic and immuno-modulating effects; (2) the effects of chitin, chitosan and their derivatives on blood hemostasis; and (3) synthesis of a non-toxic ion ligand--D-Glucosaminic acid from oxidation of D-Glucosamine for cancer and diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- School of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenshui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Jiangsu Animal Husbandry and Veterinary College, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qinyuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Talba Tahirou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenxiu Gu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
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137
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Effects of chitosan-coated pressed calcium sulfate pellets combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 on bone formation in femoral condyle-contained bone defects. J Craniofac Surg 2010; 21:188-97. [PMID: 20098183 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0b013e3181c50f8f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium sulfate has a rapid degradation rate and little osteoinductive capability. Chitosan-coated pressed calcium sulfate pellets combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) have been developed that exhibit decreased resorption speed and increased compressive strength and osteoinduction. A rabbit femoral condyle-contained bone defect model was used to study the restoration of the defects treated with chitosan-coated pressed calcium sulfate pellets combined with rhBMP-2, chitosan-coated pressed calcium sulfate pellets, and uncoated pressed calcium sulfate pellets. No pellets were implanted in the control group. After 3 and 13 weeks, the results indicated that chitosan-coated pressed calcium sulfate pellets exhibited relatively slower resorption that closely coincides with the growth rate of new bone and enhanced osteogenesis when combined with rhBMP-2.
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138
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Production of chitooligosaccharides and their potential applications in medicine. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:1482-517. [PMID: 20559485 PMCID: PMC2885077 DOI: 10.3390/md8051482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 439] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitooligosaccharides (CHOS) are homo- or heterooligomers of N-acetylglucosamine and D-glucosamine. CHOS can be produced using chitin or chitosan as a starting material, using enzymatic conversions, chemical methods or combinations thereof. Production of well-defined CHOS-mixtures, or even pure CHOS, is of great interest since these oligosaccharides are thought to have several interesting bioactivities. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these bioactivities is of major importance. However, so far in-depth knowledge on the mode-of-action of CHOS is scarce, one major reason being that most published studies are done with badly characterized heterogeneous mixtures of CHOS. Production of CHOS that are well-defined in terms of length, degree of N-acetylation, and sequence is not straightforward. Here we provide an overview of techniques that may be used to produce and characterize reasonably well-defined CHOS fractions. We also present possible medical applications of CHOS, including tumor growth inhibition and inhibition of T(H)2-induced inflammation in asthma, as well as use as a bone-strengthener in osteoporosis, a vector for gene delivery, an antibacterial agent, an antifungal agent, an anti-malaria agent, or a hemostatic agent in wound-dressings. By using well-defined CHOS-mixtures it will become possible to obtain a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying these bioactivities.
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139
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Gu R, Sun W, Zhou H, Wu Z, Meng Z, Zhu X, Tang Q, Dong J, Dou G. The performance of a fly-larva shell-derived chitosan sponge as an absorbable surgical hemostatic agent. Biomaterials 2010; 31:1270-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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140
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Paulo NM, de Brito e Silva MS, Moraes AM, Rodrigues AP, de Menezes LB, Miguel MP, de Lima FG, de Morais Faria A, Lima LML. Use of chitosan membrane associated with polypropylene mesh to prevent peritoneal adhesion in rats. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2009; 91:221-7. [PMID: 19399842 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The correction of wall abdominal defects often requires the use of implants such as polypropylene meshes. In spite of presenting good tissue acceptance, these biomaterials can migrate to adjacent viscera, promote enterocutaneos fistulas, tissue adherence and visceral erosions. In this work, the barrier effect of chitosan films associated with polypropylene meshes on adhesion formation experimentally induced in Wistar rats was evaluated. The animals were divided into two groups with 10 animals each. Animals in the CPP group were implanted with chitosan films associated with polypropylene meshes, whereas the ones in the PP group received only polypropylene meshes. After 8 days, the animals were submitted to euthanasia using CO(2) and a descriptive study focusing adhesion formation, visceral involvement with sutures and mesh peritonization was performed. Also, subimplanted material was collected for histopathology analysis. The results showed that the CPP group presented weak adhesions to the omentum over the stitch knots in eight animals. In all animals, the meshes were peritonized, not allowing their visualization after removing the chitosan films. In the PP group, six animals presented intestinal adhesions to the meshes and, in one of them, hepatic adhesion to the mesh was observed, besides omentum adhesion on more than 50% of the mesh area. The protective effect of chitosan films when sutured over polypropylene meshes, as well as no exacerbation of inflammation associated to the peritoneal lesions was statistically demonstrated. Therefore, chitosan films can indeed minimize the formation of peritoneal adhesions induced by polypropylene meshes in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neusa Margarida Paulo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, CEP 74001-970 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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Malmquist JP, Clemens SC, Oien HJ, Wilson SL. Hemostasis of Oral Surgery Wounds With the HemCon Dental Dressing. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2008; 66:1177-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2007.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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