101
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Li S, Shah NP. Effects of various heat treatments on phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities of Pleurotus eryngii extracts. J Food Sci 2014; 78:C1122-9. [PMID: 23957396 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Free (FP) and bound phenolics (BP) were extracted from freeze dried (FD), oven dried (OD), as well as boiling treated (BT) Pleurotus eryngii samples. Free, bound, total phenolics were quantified using Folin-Ciocalteau assay. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds were carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with diode array detector (DAD), and a total of 8 phenolic compounds were detected. Free phenolic contents followed the order: Freeze-dried free phenolics (FDFP) > Oven-dried free phenolics (ODFP) > Boiling-treated free phenolics (BTFP), and ranged from 95.42 (BTFP) to 442.50 (ODPF) μg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight (DW). Bound and total phenolic contents followed the order: FD > OD > BT, and ranged from 218.33 (BTBP) to 774.17 (FDBP) and 313.75 (BT total phenolics) to 1090.42 (FD total phenolics) μg GAE/g DW. Bound phenolics contributed 49.76% (OD), 69.59% (BT), and 71% (FD) of the total phenolic contents. All free and bound phenolic extracts were investigated for their antioxidant activities by 3 different assays, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity. FDFP showed strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 at 32.61 μg/mL), ODFP showed strongest reducing power (IC50 at 26.31 μg/mL), and BTBP showed strongest superoxide anion radical scavenging activity (IC50 at 14.07 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqian Li
- Food and Nutritional Science, School of Biological Science, The Univ. of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Rd., Hong Kong
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102
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Raiola A, Rigano MM, Calafiore R, Frusciante L, Barone A. Enhancing the health-promoting effects of tomato fruit for biofortified food. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:139873. [PMID: 24744504 PMCID: PMC3972926 DOI: 10.1155/2014/139873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of tomato fruits, like those of many other plant species that are part of the human diet, is considered to be associated with several positive effects on health. Indeed, tomato fruits are an important source of bioactive compounds with known beneficial effects including vitamins, antioxidants, and anticancer substances. In particular, antioxidant metabolites are a group of vitamins, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and phenolic acid that can provide effective protection by neutralizing free radicals, which are unstable molecules linked to the development of a number of degenerative diseases and conditions. In this review, we will summarize the recent progress on tomatoes nutritional importance and mechanisms of action of different phytochemicals against inflammation processes and prevention of chronic noncommunicable diseases (e.g., obesity, diabetes, coronary heart disease, and hypertension). In addition, we will summarize the significant progress recently made to improve the nutritional quality of tomato fruits through metabolic engineering and/or breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Raiola
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Manuela Rigano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Calafiore
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Frusciante
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Amalia Barone
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy
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103
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Siddiqui MW, Chakraborty I, Mishra P, Hazra P. Bioactive attributes of tomatoes possessing dg, ogc, and rin genes. Food Funct 2014; 5:936-43. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60520e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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104
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Babiker EEL, Eltoum YAI. Effect of edible surface coatings followed by dehydration on some quality attributes and antioxidants content of raw and blanched tomato slices. Food Sci Biotechnol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-014-0032-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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105
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Siddiqui MW, Ayala-Zavala JF, Dhua RS. Genotypic Variation in Tomatoes Affecting Processing and Antioxidant Attributes. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2013; 55:1819-35. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.710278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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106
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Siracusa L, Avola G, Patanè C, Riggi E, Ruberto G. Re-evaluation of traditional Mediterranean foods. The local landraces of 'Cipolla di Giarratana' (Allium cepa L.) and long-storage tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum L.): quality traits and polyphenol content. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:3512-3519. [PMID: 23633295 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heightened consumer awareness for food safety is reflected in the demand for products with well-defined individual characteristics due to specific production methods, composition and origin. In this context, of pivotal importance is the re-evaluation of folk/traditional foods by properly characterizing them in terms of peculiarity and nutritional value. The subjects of this study are two typical Mediterranean edible products. The main morphological, biometrical and productive traits and polyphenol contents of three onion genotypes ('Cipolla di Giarratana', 'Iblea' and 'Tonda Musona') and three long-storage tomato landraces ('Montallegro', 'Filicudi' and 'Principe Borghese') were investigated. RESULTS Sicilian onion landraces were characterized by large bulbs, with 'Cipolla di Giarratana' showing the highest bulb weight (605 g), yield (151 t ha(-1)) and total polyphenol content (123.5 mg kg(-1)). Landraces of long-storage tomato were characterized by low productivity (up to 20 t ha(-1)), but more than 70% of the total production was obtained with the first harvest, allowing harvest costs to be reduced. High contents of polyphenols were found, probably related to the typical small fruit size and thick skin characterizing these landraces. CONCLUSION The present study overviews some of the most important traits that could support traditional landrace characterization and their nutritional value assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Siracusa
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, I-95126, Catania, Italy
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107
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Constán-Aguilar C, Leyva R, Romero L, Soriano T, Ruiz JM. Implication of potassium on the quality of cherry tomato fruits after postharvest during cold storage. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2013; 65:203-11. [PMID: 24111527 DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2013.839632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The influence of the potassium (K) content in tomato fruits over compounds or antioxidant characteristics during the postharvest period in cold storage is little known. The aim of this work was to determine whether the effect of a biofortification programme with K in KCl form can improve the postharvest storage of cherry tomato fruits at 4 °C. K treatments applied during the crop cycle of the plants: 5, 10 and 15 mM of KCl. Biomass parameters, levels of K, antioxidant capacity test, Vitamin C, carotenoids, phenolic compounds and free polyamines in tomato cherry fruits were measured. Our results show that the treatment with 15 mM KCl prevents weight and water loss during postharvest storage at 4 °C, increases K concentration, and bolsters the antioxidant capacity, since the concentration in lycopenes as well as flavonoids and derivatives rose, while the contents in Vitamin C together with hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives remained stable.
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108
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Di Lecce G, Martínez-Huélamo M, Tulipani S, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Lamuela-Raventós RM. Setup of a UHPLC-QqQ-MS method for the analysis of phenolic compounds in cherry tomatoes, tomato sauce, and tomato juice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:8373-8380. [PMID: 23909470 DOI: 10.1021/jf401953y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The setup of a novel, rapid, and sensitive UHPLC-QqQ-MS method was described for the determination of phenolic compounds in tomatoes and tomato-based products (tomato sauce and juice). Phenolic compounds including hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, flavonols, and flavanones were detected, separated, and quantified in a 3 min chromatographic run. The main advantages of the method include high analyte recovery (90.1-115%), low limit of detection (0.008-0.167 mg L(-1)) and quantification (0.01-0.83 mg L(-1)), good accuracy (85.6-115%), and precision (<15%). The detection of the phenolic compounds varied according to the physicochemical nature of the extracts, but generally low matrix-dependent suppression/enhancement effects were observed in all three matrices. The possibility to transfer easily the existing HPLC to the fast UHPLC methods is very attractive, and with minor modifications, the methodology described may be applied to the phenolic characterization of a broad range of plant and food matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Di Lecce
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, XaRTA, INSA, Pharmacy School, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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109
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Trebolazabala J, Maguregui M, Morillas H, de Diego A, Madariaga JM. Use of portable devices and confocal Raman spectrometers at different wavelength to obtain the spectral information of the main organic components in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 105:391-9. [PMID: 23333693 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit samples, in two ripening stages, ripe (red) and unripe (green), collected from a cultivar in the North of Spain (Barrika, Basque Country), were analyzed directly, without any sample pretreatment, with two different Raman instruments (portable spectrometer coupled to a micro-videocamera and a confocal Raman microscope), using two different laser excitation wavelengths (514 and 785 nm, only for the confocal microscope). The combined use of these laser excitation wavelengths allows obtaining, in a short period of time, the maximum spectral information about the main organic compounds present in this fruit. The major identified components of unripe tomatoes were cutin and cuticular waxes. On the other hand, the main components on ripe tomatoes were carotenes, polyphenoles and polysaccharides. Among the carotenes, it was possible to distinguish the presence of lycopene from β-carotene with the help of both excitation wavelengths, but specially using the 514 nm one, which revealed specific overtones and combination tones of this type of carotene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josu Trebolazabala
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 664, 48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain.
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110
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Gagné D, Lauzière J, Blanchet R, Vézina C, Vaissière E, Ayotte P, Turgeon O'Brien H. Consumption of tomato products is associated with lower blood mercury levels in Inuit preschool children. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 51:404-10. [PMID: 23127601 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Some evidence suggests that various diet components and nutrients, including vegetables, fruit and food-derived antioxidants, could mitigate contaminant exposure and/or adverse health effects of contaminants. To examine the effect of the consumption of tomato products on blood mercury levels in Inuit preschool children, 155 Inuit children (25.0±9.1months) were recruited from 2006-2008 in Nunavik childcare centers (northern Québec, Canada). Food frequency questionnaires were completed at home and at the childcare center, and total blood mercury concentration was measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Multivariate regression analysis was performed after multiple imputation. The median blood concentration of mercury was 9.5nmol/L. Age, duration of breastfeeding, annual consumption frequency of seal meat, and monthly consumption frequency of tomato products were significant predictors of blood mercury levels, whereas annual consumption frequencies of beluga muktuk, walrus, Arctic char, and caribou meat were not. Each time a participant consumed tomato products during the month before the interview was associated with a 4.6% lower blood mercury level (p=0.0005). All other significant predictors in the model were positively associated with blood mercury levels. Further studies should explore interactions between consumption of healthy store-bought foods available in Arctic regions and contaminant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Gagné
- Groupe d'études en nutrition publique, Département des sciences des aliments et de nutrition, Université Laval, Québec (Québec), Canada
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111
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Du WX, Avena-Bustillos RJ, Woods R, Breksa AP, McHugh TH, Friedman M, Levin CE, Mandrell R. Sensory evaluation of baked chicken wrapped with antimicrobial apple and tomato edible films formulated with cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:7799-7804. [PMID: 22831761 DOI: 10.1021/jf301281a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The addition of plant essential oils to edible films and coatings has been shown to protect against bacterial pathogens and spoilage while also enhancing sensory properties of foods. This study evaluated the effect of adding 0.5 and 0.75% carvacrol (active ingredient of oregano oil) to apple- and tomato-based film-forming solutions and 0.5 and 0.75% cinnamaldehyde (active ingredient of cinnamon oil) to apple-based film-forming solutions on sensory properties of cooked chicken wrapped with these films. Paired preference tests indicated no difference between baked chicken wrapped with tomato and apple films containing 0.5% carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde compared to chicken wrapped with tomato or apple films without the plant antimicrobials. The taste panel indicated a higher preference for carvacrol-containing tomato-coated chicken over the corresponding apple coating. There was also a higher preference for cinnamaldehyde-containing apple films over corresponding carvacrol-containing wrapping. Films containing antibacterial active compounds derived from essential oils can be used to protect raw chicken pieces against bacterial contamination without adversely affecting preferences of wrapped chicken pieces after baking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xian Du
- Processed Foods Research, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Albany, California 94710, United States
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112
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Tadesse TN, Farneti B, Woltering E. Investigation on the Cause(s) of Tomato Fruit Discoloration and Damage under Chilling Condition Using External Antioxidants and Hot Water Treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/ajps.2012.217.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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113
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Dávila-Aviña JE, Villa-Rodríguez JA, Villegas-Ochoa MA, Tortoledo-Ortiz O, Olivas GI, Ayala-Zavala JF, González-Aguilar GA. Effect of edible coatings on bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of tomatoes at different maturity stages. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2012; 51:2706-12. [PMID: 25328215 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-012-0771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work evaluated the effect of carnauba and mineral oil coatings on the bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of tomato fruits (cv. "Grandela"). Carnauba and mineral oil coatings were applied on fresh tomatoes at two maturity stages (breaker and pink) over 28 day of storage at 10 °C was evaluated. Bioactive compound and antioxidant activity assays included total phenols, total flavonoids, ascorbic acid (ASA), lycopene, DPPH radical scavenging activity (%RSA), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay (ORAC). The total phenolic, flavonoid and lycopene contents were significantly lower for coated fruit than control fruits. However, ascorbic acid content was highest in fruits treated with carnauba, followed by mineral oil coating and control fruits. The ORAC values were highest in breaker tomatoes coated with carnauba wax, followed by mineral oil-coated fruits and controls. No significant differences in ORAC values were observed in pink tomatoes. % RSA and TEAC values were higher for controls than for coated fruit. Edible coatings preserve the overall quality of tomatoes during storage without affecting the nutritional quality of fruit. We found that the physiological response to the coatings is in function of the maturity stage of tomatoes. The information obtained in this study support to use of edible coating as a safe and good alternative to preserve tomato quality, and that the changes of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of tomato fruits, was not negatively affected. This approach can be used by producers to preserve tomato quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge E Dávila-Aviña
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Apdo. Postal 124-F, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León 66451 México
| | - José A Villa-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera a la Victoria km. 0.6, Apdo. postal 1735, Hermosillo, 83304 Sonora México
| | - Mónica A Villegas-Ochoa
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera a la Victoria km. 0.6, Apdo. postal 1735, Hermosillo, 83304 Sonora México
| | - Orlando Tortoledo-Ortiz
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera a la Victoria km. 0.6, Apdo. postal 1735, Hermosillo, 83304 Sonora México
| | - Guadalupe I Olivas
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Av. río Conchos S/N parque industrial, Apdo. postal 781. P., 31570 Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua México
| | - J Fernando Ayala-Zavala
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera a la Victoria km. 0.6, Apdo. postal 1735, Hermosillo, 83304 Sonora México
| | - Gustavo A González-Aguilar
- Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Carretera a la Victoria km. 0.6, Apdo. postal 1735, Hermosillo, 83304 Sonora México ; Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Hermosillo, Sonora México
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114
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Martínez-Huélamo M, Tulipani S, Torrado X, Estruch R, Lamuela-Raventós RM. Validation of a new LC-MS/MS method for the detection and quantification of phenolic metabolites from tomato sauce in biological samples. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:4542-9. [PMID: 22515380 DOI: 10.1021/jf205266h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Tomato is a good source of bioactive molecules such as vitamin C, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds. Up to now, only a few studies have evaluated the bioavailability of phenolic compounds from tomato. This paper presents the optimization of a method for the determination of phenolics in tomato and their metabolites in human urine and plasma after ingestion of tomato sauce. The sample preparation includes a SPE step to obtain cleaner extracts for injection in the LC-MS/MS system. The mean recovery of analytes ranged from 73 to 104% in plasma and from 65 to 106% in urine, the accuracy was between 90.3 and 115.0% in urine and between 85.7 and 115.0% in plasma, and the precision coefficient of variation was <15%. The method allowed detection and quantification limits of 0.5-29 and 2.0-90 ng mL⁻¹ in urine, respectively, and 0.5-30 and 2.0-105 ng mL⁻¹ in plasma, respectively, for the same phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Martínez-Huélamo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science-XARTA-INSA, School of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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115
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Tommonaro G, de Prisco R, Abbamondi GR, Marzocco S, Saturnino C, Poli A, Nicolaus B. Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties, Total Phenolic Content, and Biological Activities of New Tomato Hybrids of Industrial Interest. J Med Food 2012; 15:483-9. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2011.0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Tommonaro
- Council of National Research, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Rocco de Prisco
- Council of National Research, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Marzocco
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Annarita Poli
- Council of National Research, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Barbara Nicolaus
- Council of National Research, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Pozzuoli, Italy
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116
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The anti-inflammatory effect of lycopene complements the antioxidant action of ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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117
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Phenolic profiles of cherry tomatoes as influenced by hydric stress and rootstock technique. Food Chem 2012; 134:775-82. [PMID: 23107690 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to evaluate the influence of genetic and technological factors (cultivar and grafting) combined with the abiotic stress (water stress) on the content of phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenolic acids classes and total phenolics) in cherry tomato. The identification and contents of phenolic compounds and flavonoids were determined by HPLC-MS in fruits on reciprocal grafting between a drought-tolerant cultivar (Zarina) and drought-sensible cultivar (Josefina), compared with both self-grafted and non-grafted plants. The results show how pre-harvest factors, such as grafting and water stress, can influence the phenolic content of tomato fruits. Phenolic compounds, including rutin that belongs to the group of flavonoids, display a remarkable array of biological and pharmacological activities. So, the richness of ZarxJos under water stress conditions with these compounds confirms its nutritional value and it can be used as a potential source of phenols. The results suggest that grafting on specific rootstocks more adapted to water stress conditions may be a tool to improve crop quality under artificially imposed mild water stress.
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118
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Van Meulebroek L, Vanhaecke L, De Swaef T, Steppe K, De Brabander H. U-HPLC-MS/MS to quantify liposoluble antioxidants in red-ripe tomatoes, grown under different salt stress levels. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:566-573. [PMID: 22175546 DOI: 10.1021/jf2028329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The growing interest of consumers in healthy food challenges growers to continuously improve the nutritional quality of their crops. In this research, the potential of a more saline growth environment for improved antioxidant concentration in tomato fruit was studied, and an U-HPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of lycopene, β-carotene, and α-tocopherol was optimized. Analytes were thereby separated on a 1.9 μm Hypersil GOLD C(18) column and quantified on a TSQ Vantage triple-quadropole mass spectrometer. The method displayed a short analysis time (6 min), a high specificity, and an excellent repeatability (≤6.39%). Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the electrical conductivity level of the applied nutrient solution did not unambiguously influence antioxidant concentration in tomato fruits. Future research should focus on moderate salt stress only and should aim at reducing natural variation by more closely controlling the growth environment and a more objective determination of the ripening degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieven Van Meulebroek
- Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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119
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Siracusa L, Patanè C, Avola G, Ruberto G. Polyphenols as chemotaxonomic markers in Italian "long-storage" tomato genotypes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:309-314. [PMID: 22117757 DOI: 10.1021/jf203858y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
"Long-storage" tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a niche product typical of the Mediterranean area, traditionally cultivated under no water supply, the fruits of which combine a good taste with excellent nutritional properties. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and electron spray-mass spectrometry (HPLC/DAD/ESI-MS) was used to identify the phenolic profile in 10 landraces of long-storage tomato, grown under a typical semiarid climate, as compared to a processing tomato hybrid cultivated in the same environment, under both well-irrigated and unirrigated conditions. Sixteen different secondary metabolites, belonging to the classes of cinnamoylquinic acids and flavonoids, were identified. Quantitative analyses were also performed to monitor the changes in the phenolic content along the batch. The results highlighted that landraces originating from the same area exhibit different fruit morphologies but own a similar biochemical profile. Moreover, the two controls (well irrigated and unirrigated) are placed into the same cluster, suggesting that these secondary metabolites in tomato fruits may be more genetics-dependent than environment-dependent. Given the analysis of phenols nowadays represents a useful tool to assess the genetic variability in tomato, these compounds could be adopted as chemotaxonomic markers in the traceability of this niche product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Siracusa
- Istituto del CNR di Chimica Biomolecolare, Via Paolo Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
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120
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Ghorbani R, Poozesh V, Khorramdel S. Tomato Production for Human Health, Not Only for Food. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE REVIEWS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4113-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Almeida J, Quadrana L, Asís R, Setta N, de Godoy F, Bermúdez L, Otaiza SN, Corrêa da Silva JV, Fernie AR, Carrari F, Rossi M. Genetic dissection of vitamin E biosynthesis in tomato. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2011; 62:3781-98. [PMID: 21527625 PMCID: PMC3134339 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2010] [Revised: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Vegetables are critical for human health as they are a source of multiple vitamins including vitamin E (VTE). In plants, the synthesis of VTE compounds, tocopherol and tocotrienol, derives from precursors of the shikimate and methylerythritol phosphate pathways. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for α-tocopherol content in ripe fruit have previously been determined in an Solanum pennellii tomato introgression line population. In this work, variations of tocopherol isoforms (α, β, γ, and δ) in ripe fruits of these lines were studied. In parallel all tomato genes structurally associated with VTE biosynthesis were identified and mapped. Previously identified VTE QTL on chromosomes 6 and 9 were confirmed whilst novel ones were identified on chromosomes 7 and 8. Integrated analysis at the metabolic, genetic and genomic levels allowed us to propose 16 candidate loci putatively affecting tocopherol content in tomato. A comparative analysis revealed polymorphisms at nucleotide and amino acid levels between Solanum lycopersicum and S. pennellii candidate alleles. Moreover, evolutionary analyses showed the presence of codons evolving under both neutral and positive selection, which may explain the phenotypic differences between species. These data represent an important step in understanding the genetic determinants of VTE natural variation in tomato fruit and as such in the ability to improve the content of this important nutriceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Almeida
- Departamento de Botânica-IB-USP, 277, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro Quadrana
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaría (IB-INTA), and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), PO Box 25, B1712WAA Castelar, Argentina (partner group of the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany)
| | - Ramón Asís
- CIBICI, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Nathalia Setta
- Departamento de Botânica-IB-USP, 277, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiana de Godoy
- Departamento de Botânica-IB-USP, 277, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luisa Bermúdez
- Departamento de Botânica-IB-USP, 277, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Santiago N. Otaiza
- CIBICI, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - Alisdair R. Fernie
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm, D-14476, Germany
| | - Fernando Carrari
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaría (IB-INTA), and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), PO Box 25, B1712WAA Castelar, Argentina (partner group of the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany)
| | - Magdalena Rossi
- Departamento de Botânica-IB-USP, 277, 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ; E-mail:
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Dannehl D, Huyskens-keil S, Eichholz I, ulrichs C, Schmidt U. Effects of direct-electric-current on secondary plant compounds and antioxidant activity in harvested tomato fruits (Solanum lycopersicon L.). Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.10.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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123
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Inglett GE, Chen D, Berhow M, Lee S. Antioxidant activity of commercial buckwheat flours and their free and bound phenolic compositions. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.09.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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124
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Chemotype and genotype combined analysis applied to tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) analytical traceability. J Food Compost Anal 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2010.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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125
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Affiliation(s)
- George E. Inglett
- Functional Foods Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA, ARS, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL 61604. Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable
- Corresponding author. Phone: 309-681-6363. Fax: 309-681-6685. E-mail:
| | - Diejun Chen
- Functional Foods Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA, ARS, 1815 N. University Street, Peoria, IL 61604. Names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by the USDA implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable
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Effects of different maturity stages on antioxidant content of Ivorian Gnagnan (Solanum indicum L.) berries. Molecules 2010; 15:7125-38. [PMID: 20953157 PMCID: PMC6259281 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15107125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2010] [Revised: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Gnagnan (Solanum indicum L.) is a spontaneous plant widely distributed in Ivory Coast. During ripening stages, Solanum indicum L. presents different colours (green, yellow and red) and is reported to contain several albeit poorly characterized antioxidant compounds. This paper describes in detail the antioxidant profile (ascorbic acid, carotenoids and polyphenols), antioxidant capacity (FRAP test and Folin-Ciocalteau assay) and the colour changes of Gnagnan berries at different ripening levels. Ascorbic acid content was similar in green and yellow berries, but significantly lower in red ones. Red berries showed a higher content of carotenoids compared to green and yellow ones. Regarding polyphenols, several phenolic acids and flavonoids were found in all berries. The content of caffeoylquinic acids, caffeic acid, flavonol glycosides and naringenin was higher in red berries, while the content of p-coumaric acid and feruloylquinic acids was similar among the three colours. The FRAP assay increased with the ripening process, whereas total polyphenols were similar among berries. Significant differences were found for the colorimetric indexes among products of different degrees of ripening. The present results show the important role of the ripening stage in increasing the antioxidant content of Gnagnan berries.
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Pérez EMS, Iglesias MJ, Ortiz FL, Pérez IS, Galera MM. Study of the suitability of HRMAS NMR for metabolic profiling of tomatoes: Application to tissue differentiation and fruit ripening. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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128
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Di Matteo A, Sacco A, Anacleria M, Pezzotti M, Delledonne M, Ferrarini A, Frusciante L, Barone A. The ascorbic acid content of tomato fruits is associated with the expression of genes involved in pectin degradation. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2010; 10:163. [PMID: 20691085 PMCID: PMC3095297 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-10-163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2010] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High levels of ascorbic acid (AsA) in tomato fruits provide health benefits for humans and also play an important role in several aspects of plant life. Although AsA metabolism has been characterized in detail, the genetic mechanisms controlling AsA accumulation in tomatoes are poorly understood. The transcriptional control of AsA levels in fruits can be investigated by combining the advanced genetic and genomic resources currently available for tomato. A comparative transcriptomic analysis of fruit tissues was carried out on an introgression line containing a QTL promoting AsA accumulation in the fruit, using a parental cultivar with lower AsA levels as a reference. RESULTS Introgression line IL 12-4 (S. pennellii in a S. lycopersicum background) was selected for transcriptomic analysis because it maintained differences in AsA levels compared to the parental genotypes M82 and S. pennellii over three consecutive trials. Comparative microarray analysis of IL 12-4 and M82 fruits over a 2-year period allowed 253 differentially-expressed genes to be identified, suggesting that AsA accumulation in IL 12-4 may be caused by a combination of increased metabolic flux and reduced utilization of AsA. In particular, the upregulation of a pectinesterase and two polygalacturonases suggests that AsA accumulation in IL12-4 fruit is mainly achieved by increasing flux through the L-galactonic acid pathway, which is driven by pectin degradation and may be triggered by ethylene. CONCLUSIONS Based on functional annotation, gene ontology classification and hierarchical clustering, a subset of the 253 differentially-expressed transcripts was used to develop a model to explain the higher AsA content in IL 12-4 fruits in terms of metabolic flux, precursor availability, demand for antioxidants, abundance of reactive oxygen species and ethylene signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Di Matteo
- Department of Soil, Plant, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Adriana Sacco
- Department of Soil, Plant, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Milena Anacleria
- Department of Soil, Plant, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Mario Pezzotti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15 - 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Delledonne
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15 - 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Alberto Ferrarini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15 - 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Luigi Frusciante
- Department of Soil, Plant, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Amalia Barone
- Department of Soil, Plant, Environment and Animal Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
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Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Fraser PD, Bramley PM. Accumulation of health promoting phytochemicals in wild relatives of tomato and their contribution to in vitro antioxidant activity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2010; 71:1104-1114. [PMID: 20457456 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 03/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Harnessing natural variation is an important aspect of modern marker assisted breeding. Traditionally breeding programmes have focused on increased yield and resistance to biotic and abiotic pressures. However, consumer demands for improved quality have lead to increased effort into the breeding of nutritional quality traits in crop plants. In the present study, health-related phytochemicals (carotenoids, tocopherols and phenolics) present in green, yellow and red wild relatives of tomato have been analyzed during fruit development and ripening. This study shows that the differences in the final colour of the fruits were due to a distinct accumulation of carotenoids mainly related to the expression of the phytoene synthase-1 gene (Psy-1). In ripe red-fruited tomatoes, the different deposition of pigments gave rise in some cases to colour differences visually discernible by the consumer. Important quantitative differences between and across taxa were noticed for the in vitro antioxidant activity (AA) of the samples.
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130
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Ferreres F, Taveira M, Pereira DM, Valentão P, Andrade PB. Tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum ) seeds: new flavonols and cytotoxic effect. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:2854-2861. [PMID: 20131841 DOI: 10.1021/jf904015f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, seeds of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. were analyzed by HPLC/UV-PAD/MS(n)-ESI. Fourteen flavonoids were identified, including quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin derivatives, with 13 of them being reported for the first time in tomato seeds. The major identified compounds were quercetin-3-O-sophoroside, kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside, and isorhamnetin-3-O-sophoroside. A significant cell proliferation inhibition (>80%), against rat basophile leukemia (RBL-2H3) cell line, was observed with this extract (IC(50) = 5980 microg/mL). For acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, a concentration-dependent effect was verified (IC(20) = 2400 microg/mL). The same behavior was noted regarding antioxidant capacity, evaluated against DPPH (IC(10) = 284 microg/mL), nitric oxide (IC(25) = 396 microg/L), and superoxide radicals (IC(25) = 3 microg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ferreres
- CEBAS (CSIC) Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain
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131
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Tibäck EA, Svelander CA, Colle IJ, Altskär AI, Alminger MA, Hendrickx ME, Ahrné LM, Langton MI. Mechanical and Thermal Pretreatments of Crushed Tomatoes: Effects on Consistency and In Vitro Accessibility of Lycopene. J Food Sci 2009; 74:E386-95. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01255.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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132
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Du WX, Olsen C, Avena-Bustillos R, McHugh T, Levin C, Mandrell R, Friedman M. Antibacterial Effects of Allspice, Garlic, and Oregano Essential Oils in Tomato Films Determined by Overlay and Vapor-Phase Methods. J Food Sci 2009; 74:M390-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01289.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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133
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Oddy WH, Robinson M, Ambrosini GL, O'Sullivan TA, de Klerk NH, Beilin LJ, Silburn SR, Zubrick SR, Stanley FJ. The association between dietary patterns and mental health in early adolescence. Prev Med 2009; 49:39-44. [PMID: 19467256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Revised: 05/18/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations between dietary patterns and mental health in early adolescence. METHOD The Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study is a prospective study of 2900 pregnancies recruited from 1989-1992. At 14 years of age (2003-2006; n=1324), the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) was used to assess behaviour (characterising mental health status), with higher scores representing poorer behaviour. Two dietary patterns (Western and Healthy) were identified using factor analysis and food group intakes estimated by a 212-item food frequency questionnaire. Relationships between dietary patterns, food group intakes and behaviour were examined using general linear modelling following adjustment for potential confounding factors at age 14: total energy intake, body mass index, physical activity, screen use, family structure, income and functioning, gender and maternal education at pregnancy. RESULTS Higher total (b=2.20, 95% CI=1.06, 3.35), internalizing (withdrawn/depressed) (b=1.25, 95% CI=0.15, 2.35) and externalizing (delinquent/aggressive) (b=2.60, 95% CI=1.51, 3.68) CBCL scores were significantly associated with the Western dietary pattern, with increased intakes of takeaway foods, confectionary and red meat. Improved behavioural scores were significantly associated with higher intakes of leafy green vegetables and fresh fruit (components of the Healthy pattern). CONCLUSION These findings implicate a Western dietary pattern in poorer behavioural outcomes for adolescents. Better behavioural outcomes were associated with a higher intake of fresh fruit and leafy green vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy H Oddy
- Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA 6872, Australia.
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Carli P, Arima S, Fogliano V, Tardella L, Frusciante L, Ercolano MR. Use of network analysis to capture key traits affecting tomato organoleptic quality. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2009; 60:3379-86. [PMID: 19516072 PMCID: PMC2724691 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erp177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2009] [Revised: 04/30/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The long-term objective of tomato breeders is to identify metabolites that contribute to defining the target flavour and to design strategies to enhance it. This paper reports the results of network analysis, based on metabolic phenotypic and sensory data, to highlight important relationships among such traits. This tool allowed a reduction in data set complexity, building a network consisting of 35 nodes and 74 links corresponding to the 74 significant (positive or negative) correlations among the variables studied. A number of links among traits contributing to fruit organoleptic quality and to the perception of sensory attributes were identified. Modular partitioning of the characteristics involved in fruit organoleptic perception captured the essential fruit parameters that regulate interactions among different class traits. The main feature of the network was the presence of three nodes interconnected among themselves (dry matter, pH, and degrees Brix) and with other traits, and nodes with widely different linkage degrees. Identification of strong associations between some metabolic and sensory traits, such as citric acid with tomato smell, glycine with tomato smell, and granulosity with dry matter, suggests a basis for more targeted investigations in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Carli
- Department of Soil, Plant and Environmental and Animal Production Sciences, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Serena Arima
- Department of Statistics, Probability and Applied Statistics, University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Fogliano
- Department of Food Science, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Luca Tardella
- Department of Statistics, Probability and Applied Statistics, University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Frusciante
- Department of Soil, Plant and Environmental and Animal Production Sciences, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
| | - Maria R. Ercolano
- Department of Soil, Plant and Environmental and Animal Production Sciences, University of Naples ‘Federico II’, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Helmja K, Vaher M, Püssa T, Raudsepp P, Kaljurand M. Evaluation of antioxidative capability of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)skin constituents by capillary electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:3980-8. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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137
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Du WX, Olsen C, Avena-Bustillos R, McHugh T, Levin C, Friedman M. Antibacterial Activity againstE. coliO157:H7, Physical Properties, and Storage Stability of Novel Carvacrol-Containing Edible Tomato Films. J Food Sci 2008; 73:M378-83. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00892.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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