101
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Nader JS, Abadie J, Deshayes S, Boissard A, Blandin S, Blanquart C, Boisgerault N, Coqueret O, Guette C, Grégoire M, Pouliquen DL. Characterization of increasing stages of invasiveness identifies stromal/cancer cell crosstalk in rat models of mesothelioma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:16311-16329. [PMID: 29662647 PMCID: PMC5893242 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcomatoid mesothelioma (SM) is a devastating cancer associated with one of the poorest outcome. Therefore, representative preclinical models reproducing different tumor microenvironments (TME) observed in patients would open up new prospects for the identification of markers and evaluation of innovative therapies. Histological analyses of four original models of rat SM revealed their increasing infiltrative and metastatic potential were associated with differences in Ki67 index, blood-vessel density, and T-lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration. In comparison with the noninvasive tumor M5-T2, proteomic analysis demonstrated the three invasive tumors F4-T2, F5-T1 and M5-T1 shared in common a very significant increase in the abundance of the multifunctional proteins galectin-3, prohibitin and annexin A5, and a decrease in proteins involved in cell adhesion, tumor suppression, or epithelial differentiation. The increased metastatic potential of the F5-T1 tumor, relative to F4-T2, was associated with an increased macrophage vs T-cell infiltrate, changes in the levels of expression of a panel of cytokine genes, an increased content of proteins involved in chromatin organization, ribosome structure, splicing, or presenting anti-adhesive properties, and a decreased content of proteins involved in protection against oxidative stress, normoxia and intracellular trafficking. The most invasive tumor, M5-T1, was characterized by a pattern of specific phenotypic and molecular features affecting the presentation of MHC class I-mediated antigens and immune cell infiltration, or involved in the reorganization of the cytoskeleton and composition of the extracellular matrix. These four preclinical models and data represent a new resource available to the cancer research community to catalyze further investigations on invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle S. Nader
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d’Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jérôme Abadie
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d’Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- ONIRIS, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Deshayes
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d’Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Alice Boissard
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
- ICO, Angers, France
| | - Stéphanie Blandin
- Plate-Forme MicroPICell, SFR François Bonamy, Université de Nantes, France
| | | | | | - Olivier Coqueret
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
- ICO, Angers, France
| | - Catherine Guette
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d’Angers, Angers, France
- ICO, Angers, France
| | - Marc Grégoire
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d’Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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102
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Giussani M, Landoni E, Merlino G, Turdo F, Veneroni S, Paolini B, Cappelletti V, Miceli R, Orlandi R, Triulzi T, Tagliabue E. Extracellular matrix proteins as diagnostic markers of breast carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2018. [PMID: 29521413 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Changes in amount and composition of extracellular matrix (ECM) are considered a hallmark of tumor development. We tested the hypothesis that abnormal production of ECM components leads to blood-released ECM molecules representing tumor circulating biomarkers. Candidate genes were selected through class comparison in two publicly available datasets and confirmed in paired normal and tumor associated fibroblasts from breast carcinoma (BC) specimens. Production and release of ECM molecules were evaluated in normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) treated with conditioned media from three BC cell lines. Plasma samples from healthy donors and from patients with malignant or benign breast disease were tested by ELISA for the presence of collagen 11a1 (COL11A1), collagen oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), and collagen 10a1 (COL10A1). Selected ECM molecules were investigated by IHC in malignant and benign specimens. In silico analysis of gene expression profiles identified 11 ECM genes significantly up-regulated in tumor versus normal tissue. Western blot analyses revealed increased levels of molecules encoded by three of these genes, COL11A1, COMP, and COL10A1, in cell lysates and supernatants of conditioned NHDFs. Class comparison and class prediction analyses of two independent series of human plasma samples identified the combination of COL11A1, COMP, and COL10A1 as potentially informative in discriminating BC patients from those with benign disease. The three molecules resulted expressed in the stroma of BC tissue samples. Our results indicate that circulating COL11A1, COMP, and COL10A1 may be useful in diagnostic assessment of suspicious breast nodules and ECM molecules could represent an avenue to biomarker identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Giussani
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Landoni
- Medical Statistics, Biometry and Bioinformatics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Merlino
- Biomarkers Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Turdo
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Veneroni
- Tissue Biobank, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Biagio Paolini
- Anatomic Pathology A Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Cappelletti
- Biomarkers Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosalba Miceli
- Medical Statistics, Biometry and Bioinformatics Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosaria Orlandi
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Triulzi
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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103
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Zhu A, Yuan P, Du F, Hong R, Ding X, Shi X, Fan Y, Wang J, Luo Y, Ma F, Zhang P, Li Q, Xu B. SPARC overexpression in primary tumors correlates with disease recurrence and overall survival in patients with triple negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:76628-76634. [PMID: 27421134 PMCID: PMC5363535 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
SPARC/osteonectin expression is reportedly altered in various malignancies. However, little is known regarding to the prognostic value of SPARC in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. In this study, immunohistochemistry and immunoreactive scores (IRSs) were used to evaluate SPARC protein expression in primary tumors from 211 TNBC patients with up to 10 years of clinical follow-up data. High SPARC expression (IRS ≥3) was detected in 52.1% of primary tumors. Patients expressing high SPARC levels had worse disease-free survival (DFS) (HR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.01-2.47, P=0.044) and overall survival (OS) (HR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.06-2.85, P=0.029) than patients with lower SPARC levels. Furthermore, high SPARC expression was an independent prognostic factor for both DFS (HR=1.73, 95% CI: 1.10-2.73, P=0.018) and OS (HR=1.90, 95% CI: 1.14-3.16, P=0.014) in TNBC patients. These results suggest that increased SPARC expression may be an indicator of greater aggressiveness, and may serve as a prognostic factor for triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjie Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Feng Du
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Ruoxi Hong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ding
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuqing Shi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Pin Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
| | - Binghe Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College(CAMS&PUMC), Beijing, China
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104
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Oliver AJ, Lau PKH, Unsworth AS, Loi S, Darcy PK, Kershaw MH, Slaney CY. Tissue-Dependent Tumor Microenvironments and Their Impact on Immunotherapy Responses. Front Immunol 2018; 9:70. [PMID: 29445373 PMCID: PMC5797771 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in cancer immunology have led to a better understanding of the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. Tumors can occur at many locations within the body and coevolution between malignant tumor cells and non-malignant cells sculpts the TME at these sites. It has become increasingly clear that there are specific differences of the TMEs at different anatomical locations, and these tissue-specific TMEs regulate tumor growth, determine metastatic progression, and impact on the outcome of therapy responses. Herein, we review the scientific advances in understanding tissue-specific TMEs, discuss their impact on immunotherapeutic response, and assess the current clinical knowledge in this emerging field. A deeper understanding of the tissue-specific TME will help to develop effective immunotherapies against tumors and their metastases and assist in predicting clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Oliver
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter K H Lau
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ashleigh S Unsworth
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sherene Loi
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Phillip K Darcy
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael H Kershaw
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Clare Y Slaney
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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105
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Xu W, Xia H, Liu W, Zheng W, Hua L. Exploration of genetics commonness between bladder cancer and breast cancer based on a silcio analysis on disease subtypes. Technol Health Care 2018; 26:361-377. [PMID: 29758961 PMCID: PMC6027900 DOI: 10.3233/thc-174699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Muscle-invasive bladder cancers (MIBCs) are heterogeneous cancers and can be grouped into basal-like and luminal subtypes that are highly reminiscent of those found in breast cancer. Like basal-like breast cancers, basal-like MIBCs are associated with advanced stage and metastatic disease. However, the biological and clinical significance of molecular subtypes of MIBCs remain unclear. Therefore, we implemented a serious of bioinformatics methods to explore genetic similarities between bladder and breast cancers. METHODS AND RESULTS In the current study, by the application of multiple levels data analysis including random forest analysis, PPI and transcription factor regulation network construction, Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, we explored the genetics commonness between MIBC and breast cancers from the molecular heterogeneity based on the disease subtypes. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified some basal-related and luminal-related genes shared by two cancers. These studies can help shed light on the potential relationships between MIBC and breast cancer as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hong Xia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Weiying Zheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lin Hua
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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106
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Ironside AJ, Jones JL. Stromal characteristics may hold the key to mammographic density: the evidence to date. Oncotarget 2017; 7:31550-62. [PMID: 26784251 PMCID: PMC5058777 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is strong epidemiological data indicating a role for increased mammographic density (MD) in predisposing to breast cancer, however, the biological mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are less well understood. Recently, studies of human breast tissues have started to characterise the features of mammographically dense breasts, and a number of in-vitro and in-vivo studies have explored the potential mechanisms through which dense breast tissue may exert this tumourigenic risk. This article aims to review both the pathological and biological evidence implicating a key role for the breast stromal compartment in MD, how this may be modified and the clinical significance of these findings. The epidemiological context will be briefly discussed but will not be covered in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair J Ironside
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - J Louise Jones
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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107
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Mesenchymal traits at the convergence of tumor-intrinsic and -extrinsic mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint blockers. Emerg Top Life Sci 2017; 1:471-486. [PMID: 33525801 PMCID: PMC7289012 DOI: 10.1042/etls20170068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Targeting of immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs), such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 and programmed-death 1/programmed-death ligand 1, has dramatically changed the landscape of cancer treatment. Seeing patients who were refractory to conventional therapy recover after immunotherapy, with high rates of objective durable responses and increased overall survival, has raised great enthusiasm in cancer care and research. However, to date, only a restricted portion of patients benefit from these therapies, due to natural and acquired resistance relying on the ever-evolving cross-talk between tumor and stromal cells. Here, we review the convergence of tumor-intrinsic and -extrinsic cues, both affecting tumor plasticity and tumor stroma leading to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which may account for the heterogeneous responses and resistance to ICB therapies. A deeper knowledge of the mechanisms and fingerprints involved in natural and acquired resistance is likely to bring clinical benefit to the majority of patients, offering important clues for overcoming drug resistance and boosting the effectiveness of treatment. We discuss the need to define tumor subtypes based on the tumor, immune and stromal gene signature and propose that the better we understand tumor mesenchymal traits, the more we will be able to identify predictive biomarkers of response to ICB treatments.
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108
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Hsu CY, Chang GC, Chen YJ, Hsu YC, Hsiao YJ, Su KY, Chen HY, Lin CY, Chen JS, Chen YJ, Hong QS, Ku WH, Wu CY, Ho BC, Chiang CC, Yang PC, Yu SL. FAM198B Is Associated with Prolonged Survival and Inhibits Metastasis in Lung Adenocarcinoma via Blockage of ERK-Mediated MMP-1 Expression. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 24:916-926. [PMID: 29217529 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The comprehensive understanding of mechanisms involved in the tumor metastasis is urgently needed for discovering novel metastasis-related genes for developing effective diagnoses and treatments for lung cancer.Experimental Design: FAM198B was identified from an isogenic lung cancer metastasis cell model by microarray analysis. To investigate the clinical relevance of FAM198B, the FAM198B expression of 95 Taiwan lung adenocarcinoma patients was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and correlated to patients' survivals. The impact of FAM198B on cell invasion, metastasis, and tumor growth was examined by in vitro cellular assays and in vivo mouse models. In addition, the N-glycosylation-defective FAM198B mutants generated by site-directed mutagenesis were used to study protein stability and subcellular localization of FAM198B. Finally, the microarray and pathway analyses were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of FAM198B-mediated tumor suppression.Results: We found that the high expression of FAM198B was associated with favorable survival in Taiwan lung adenocarcinoma patients and in a lung cancer public database. Enforced expression of FAM198B inhibited cell invasion, migration, mobility, proliferation, and anchorage-independent growth, and FAM198B silencing exhibited opposite activities in vitro FAM198B also attenuated tumor growth and metastasis in vivo We further identified MMP-1 as a critical downstream target of FAM198B. The FAM198B-mediated MMP-1 downregulation was via inhibition of the phosphorylation of ERK. Interestingly deglycosylation nearly eliminated the metastasis suppression activity of FAM198B due to a decrease of protein stability.Conclusions: Our results implicate FAM198B as a potential tumor suppressor and to be a prognostic marker in lung adenocarcinoma. Clin Cancer Res; 24(4); 916-26. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ying Hsu
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gee-Chen Chang
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chiung Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jing Hsiao
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Yi Su
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Shing Chen
- Division of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Qi-Sheng Hong
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hui Ku
- Taipei Institute of Pathology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Ching Ho
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Cheng Chiang
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Device and Imaging, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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109
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Kaylan KB, Gentile SD, Milling LE, Bhinge KN, Kosari F, Underhill GH. Mapping lung tumor cell drug responses as a function of matrix context and genotype using cell microarrays. Integr Biol (Camb) 2017; 8:1221-1231. [PMID: 27796394 DOI: 10.1039/c6ib00179c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoma progression is influenced by interactions between epithelial tumor cells and components of their microenvironment. In particular, cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions are known to drive tumor growth, metastatic potential, and sensitivity or resistance to therapy. Yet the intrinsic complexity of ECM composition within the tumor microenvironment remains a barrier to comprehensive investigation of these interactions. We present here a high-throughput cell microarray-based approach to study the impact of defined combinations of ECM proteins on tumor cell drug responses. Using this approach, we quantitatively evaluated the effects of 55 different ECM environments representing all single and two-factor combinations of 10 ECM proteins on the responses of lung adenocarcinoma cells to a selection of cancer-relevant small molecule drugs. This drug panel consisted of an alkylating agent and five receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. We further determined that expression of the neuroendocrine transcription factor ASCL1, which has been previously associated with poor patient outcome when co-expressed with the RET oncogene, altered cell responses to drugs and modulated cleavage of the pro-apoptotic protein caspase-3 depending on ECM context. Our results suggest that co-expression of specific ECM proteins with known genetic drivers in lung adenocarcinoma may impact therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, this approach could be utilized to define the molecular mechanisms by which cell-matrix interactions drive drug resistance through integration with clinical cell samples and genomics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerim B Kaylan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Stefan D Gentile
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Lauren E Milling
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| | - Kaustubh N Bhinge
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Farhad Kosari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Gregory H Underhill
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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110
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Sangaletti S, Tripodo C, Santangelo A, Castioni N, Portararo P, Gulino A, Botti L, Parenza M, Cappetti B, Orlandi R, Tagliabue E, Chiodoni C, Colombo MP. Mesenchymal Transition of High-Grade Breast Carcinomas Depends on Extracellular Matrix Control of Myeloid Suppressor Cell Activity. Cell Rep 2017; 17:233-248. [PMID: 27681434 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) contributes to the biological and clinical heterogeneity of breast cancer, and different prognostic groups can be identified according to specific ECM signatures. In high-grade, but not low-grade, tumors, an ECM signature characterized by high SPARC expression (ECM3) identifies tumors with increased epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), reduced treatment response, and poor prognosis. To better understand how this ECM3 signature is contributing to tumorigenesis, we expressed SPARC in isogenic cell lines and found that SPARC overexpression in tumor cells reduces their growth rate and induces EMT. SPARC expression also results in the formation of a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment, composed by infiltrating T regulatory cells, mast cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). The ability of SPARC to induce EMT depended on the localization and suppressive function of myeloid cells, and inhibition of the suppressive function MDSCs by administration of aminobisphosphonates could revert EMT, rendering SPARC-overexpressing tumor cells sensitive to Doxil. We conclude that that SPARC is regulating the interplay between MDSCs and the ECM to drive the induction of EMT in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Sangaletti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Human Pathology Section, Department of Health Science, Palermo University School of Medicine, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Santangelo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Castioni
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Portararo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gulino
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Human Pathology Section, Department of Health Science, Palermo University School of Medicine, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Botti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mariella Parenza
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Cappetti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Rosaria Orlandi
- Molecular Targets Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- Molecular Targets Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Chiodoni
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario P Colombo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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111
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Miserocchi G, Mercatali L, Liverani C, De Vita A, Spadazzi C, Pieri F, Bongiovanni A, Recine F, Amadori D, Ibrahim T. Management and potentialities of primary cancer cultures in preclinical and translational studies. J Transl Med 2017; 15:229. [PMID: 29116016 PMCID: PMC5688825 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1328-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of patient-derived primary cell cultures in cancer preclinical assays has increased in recent years. The management of resected tumor tissue remains complex and a number of parameters must be respected to obtain complete sample digestion and optimal vitality yield. We provide an overview of the benefits of correct primary cell culture management using different preclinical methodologies, and describe the pros and cons of this model with respect to other kinds of samples. One important advantage is that the heterogeneity of the cell populations composing a primary culture partially reproduces the tumor microenvironment and crosstalk between malignant and healthy cells, neither of which is possible with cell lines. Moreover, the use of patient-derived specimens in innovative preclinical technologies, such as 3D systems or bioreactors, represents an important opportunity to improve the translational value of the results obtained. In vivo models could further our understanding of the crosstalk between tumor and other tissues as they enable us to observe the systemic and biological interactions of a complete organism. Although engineered mice are the most common model used in this setting, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) species has recently been recognized as an innovative experimental system. In fact, the transparent body and incomplete immune system of zebrafish embryos are especially useful for evaluating patient-derived tumor tissue interactions in healthy hosts. In conclusion, ex vivo systems represent an important tool for cancer research, but samples require correct manipulation to maximize their translational value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Miserocchi
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, FC, Italy
| | - Laura Mercatali
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, FC, Italy.
| | - Chiara Liverani
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, FC, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Vita
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, FC, Italy
| | - Chiara Spadazzi
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, FC, Italy
| | - Federica Pieri
- Pathology Unit, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Via Carlo Forlanini 34, 47121, Forlì, Italy
| | - Alberto Bongiovanni
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, FC, Italy
| | - Federica Recine
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, FC, Italy
| | - Dino Amadori
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, FC, Italy
| | - Toni Ibrahim
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Via Piero Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, FC, Italy
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112
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Collateral Damage Intended-Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and Vasculature Are Potential Targets in Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112355. [PMID: 29112161 PMCID: PMC5713324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
After oncogenic transformation, tumor cells rewire their metabolism to obtain sufficient energy and biochemical building blocks for cell proliferation, even under hypoxic conditions. Glucose and glutamine become their major limiting nutritional demands. Instead of being autonomous, tumor cells change their immediate environment not only by their metabolites but also by mediators, such as juxtacrine cell contacts, chemokines and other cytokines. Thus, the tumor cells shape their microenvironment as well as induce resident cells, such as fibroblasts and endothelial cells (ECs), to support them. Fibroblasts differentiate into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which produce a qualitatively and quantitatively different extracellular matrix (ECM). By their contractile power, they exert tensile forces onto this ECM, leading to increased intratumoral pressure. Moreover, along with enhanced cross-linkage of the ECM components, CAFs thus stiffen the ECM. Attracted by tumor cell- and CAF-secreted vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), ECs sprout from pre-existing blood vessels during tumor-induced angiogenesis. Tumor vessels are distinct from EC-lined vessels, because tumor cells integrate into the endothelium or even mimic and replace it in vasculogenic mimicry (VM) vessels. Not only the VM vessels but also the characteristically malformed EC-lined tumor vessels are typical for tumor tissue and may represent promising targets in cancer therapy.
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113
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Abstract
Human cancers exhibit formidable molecular heterogeneity, to a large extent accounting for the incomplete and transitory efficacy of current anti-cancer therapies. However, neoplastic cells alone do not manifest the disease, but conscript a battery of non-tumor cells to enable and sustain hallmark capabilities of cancer. Escaping immunosurveillance is one of such capabilities. Tumors evolve immunosuppressive microenvironment to subvert anti-tumor immunity. In this review, we will focus on tumor-associated myeloid cells, which constitute an essential part of the immune microenvironment and reciprocally interact with cancer cells to establish malignancy toward metastasis. The diversity and plasticity of these cells constitute another layer of heterogeneity, beyond the heterogeneity of cancer cells themselves. We envision that immune microenvironment co-evolves with the genetic heterogeneity of tumor. Addressing the question of how genetically distinct tumors shape and are shaped by unique immune microenvironment will provide an attractive rationale to develop novel immunotherapeutic modalities. Here, we discuss the complex nature of tumor microenvironment, with an emphasis on the cellular and functional heterogeneity among tumor-associated myeloid cells as well as immune environment heterogeneity in the context of a full spectrum of human breast cancers.
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114
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Methods to Evaluate Cell Growth, Viability, and Response to Treatment in a Tissue Engineered Breast Cancer Model. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14167. [PMID: 29074857 PMCID: PMC5658356 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14326-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of in vitro, engineered surrogates in the field of cancer research is of interest for studies involving mechanisms of growth and metastasis, and response to therapeutic intervention. While biomimetic surrogates better model human disease, their complex composition and dimensionality make them challenging to evaluate in a real-time manner. This feature has hindered the broad implementation of these models, particularly in drug discovery. Herein, several methods and approaches for the real-time, non-invasive analysis of cell growth and response to treatment in tissue-engineered, three-dimensional models of breast cancer are presented. The tissue-engineered surrogates used to demonstrate these methods consist of breast cancer epithelial cells and fibroblasts within a three dimensional volume of extracellular matrix and are continuously perfused with nutrients via a bioreactor system. Growth of the surrogates over time was measured using optical in vivo (IVIS) imaging. Morphologic changes in specific cell populations were evaluated by multi-photon confocal microscopy. Response of the surrogates to treatment with paclitaxel was measured by optical imaging and by analysis of lactate dehydrogenase and caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 in the perfused medium. Each method described can be repeatedly performed during culture, allowing for real-time, longitudinal analysis of cell populations within engineered tumor models.
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115
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Gan L, Meng J, Xu M, Liu M, Qi Y, Tan C, Wang Y, Zhang P, Weng W, Sheng W, Huang M, Wang Z. Extracellular matrix protein 1 promotes cell metastasis and glucose metabolism by inducing integrin β4/FAK/SOX2/HIF-1α signaling pathway in gastric cancer. Oncogene 2017; 37:744-755. [PMID: 29059156 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) is related to strong invasiveness and poor prognosis in major malignancies, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here we aimed to elucidate the function of ECM1 on cell metastasis and glucose metabolism in gastric cancer (GC). The level of ECM1 in sera and tissues of patient with GC were positively correlated with tumor invasion and recurrence. Genetic manipulation of ECM1 expression affected cell metastasis and glucose metabolism in GC cell lines. Enhanced ECM1 expression facilitated gene expression levels associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and glucose metabolism. Interestingly, our results indicated that ECM1 directly interacted with integrin β4 (ITGB4) and activated ITGB4/focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/glycogen synthase kinase 3β signaling pathway, which further induced the expression of transcription factor SOX2. Aberrant expression of SOX2 altered gene expression of EMT factors and glucose metabolism enzymes. Furthermore, SOX2 enhanced hypoxia-inducible factor α (HIF-1α) promoter activity to regulate glucose metabolism. The micro-positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging of xenograft model showed that ECM1 substantially increased 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in xenograft tumors. Using in vivo mouse tail vein injection experiments, ECM1 was also found to increase in lung surface metastasis. These findings provide evidence that ECM1 regulates GC cell metastasis and glucose metabolism by inducing ITGB4/FAK/SOX2/HIF-1α signal pathway and have important implications for the development of therapeutic target to prevent tumor metastasis and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gan
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Meng
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - M Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - M Liu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Qi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - C Tan
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Wang
- Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - P Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - W Weng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - W Sheng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - M Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z Wang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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116
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Shin JM, Oh SJ, Kwon S, Deepagan VG, Lee M, Song SH, Lee HJ, Kim S, Song KH, Kim TW, Park JH. A PEGylated hyaluronic acid conjugate for targeted cancer immunotherapy. J Control Release 2017; 267:181-190. [PMID: 28844759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The cell-free approach to foreignizing tumor cells with non-self antigens has received increasing attention as a method to induce cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immunological rejection of tumors, because the clinical translation of the conventional CTL-based cancer immunotherapies has been limited by a complicated manufacturing process and autotransplantation. In this study, we prepared matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9)-responsive polymeric conjugates consisting of PEGylated hyaluronic acid (HA) as the targeting moiety and ovalbumin (OVA) as the model foreign antigen. The MMP9-cleavable linker was introduced between PEG and the HA backbone to facilitate the detachment of the PEG corona from the conjugate at the tumor site. From the in vitro cellular uptake study, it was revealed that the conjugate was effectively taken up by the CD44-expressing TC-1 cancer cells in the presence of MMP9 via receptor-mediated endocytosis. When the conjugate was systemically administered into the tumor-bearing mice with endogenous OVA-specific CTLs, the tumor growth was markedly inhibited, which was attributed to the significant antigen presentation on the tumor cells. Overall, the MMP9-responsive conjugates bearing foreign antigens might have the potential as an alternative to CTL-based cancer immunotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Min Shin
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Oh
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunglee Kwon
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - V G Deepagan
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Minchang Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Ho Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jung Lee
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyeon Kim
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon-Ho Song
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woo Kim
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Translational Research Institute for Incurable Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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117
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Wang Y, Brodsky AS, Xiong J, Lopresti ML, Yang D, Resnick MB. Stromal Clusterin Expression Predicts Therapeutic Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2017; 18:e373-e379. [PMID: 28890185 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression of clusterin correlates with tumor progression and therapeutic response in several human malignancies, including breast cancer. However, its predictive value in the neoadjuvant setting in breast cancer remains unexplored. The objective of this explorative study was to determine whether clusterin expression in breast cancer correlated with clinical pathologic characteristics and whether its expression was predictive of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We determined the clusterin expression pattern in 72 triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) treated with NAC before surgery. Clusterin expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and was correlated with pathologic characteristics and response to NAC using residual cancer burden score. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed a differential pattern of expression between tumor and stroma. Clusterin expression in the tumor associated stroma as opposed to expression by the neoplastic epithelium was significantly associated with neoadjuvant-treated TNBC. Low stromal clusterin, low stromal content, and high tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were associated with a significantly greater likelihood of achieving a good pathologic response as reflected by lower residual cancer burden scores (P = .002, P = .003, and P = .001, respectively). Tumor and/or stromal clusterin expression were not associated with patient age, tumor histologic grade, stage, and lymph node status. CONCULSION This study suggests a potential role for the assessment of stromal clusterin as a predictive biomarker for response of TNBC to neoadjuvant therapy. Further validation of this biomarker in a large study is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI.
| | - Alexander S Brodsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Jinjun Xiong
- Department of Pathology, Women and Infants Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Mary L Lopresti
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Dongfang Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Murray B Resnick
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Lifespan Medical Center, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
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118
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Ascher K, Elliot SJ, Rubio GA, Glassberg MK. Lung Diseases of the Elderly: Cellular Mechanisms. Clin Geriatr Med 2017; 33:473-490. [PMID: 28991645 DOI: 10.1016/j.cger.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural lung aging is characterized by molecular and cellular changes in multiple lung cell populations. These changes include shorter telomeres, increased expression of cellular senescence markers, increased DNA damage, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and stem cell exhaustion. Aging, combined with the loss of protective repair processes, correlates with the development and incidence of chronic respiratory diseases, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ultimately, it is the interplay of age-related changes in biology and the subsequent responses to environmental exposures that largely define the physiology and clinical course of the aging lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kori Ascher
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, 1600 Northwest 10th Avenue RMSB 7056 (D-60), Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sharon J Elliot
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Gustavo A Rubio
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Marilyn K Glassberg
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, 1600 Northwest 10th Avenue RMSB 7056 (D-60), Miami, FL 33136, USA; DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, 1600 NW 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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119
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Wang X, Mooradian AD, Erdmann-Gilmore P, Zhang Q, Viner R, Davies SR, Huang KL, Bomgarden R, Van Tine BA, Shao J, Ding L, Li S, Ellis MJ, Rogers JC, Townsend RR, Fenyö D, Held JM. Breast tumors educate the proteome of stromal tissue in an individualized but coordinated manner. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/491/eaam8065. [PMID: 28790197 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aam8065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer forms specialized microenvironmental niches that promote local invasion and colonization. Engrafted patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) locally invade and colonize naïve stroma in mice while enabling unambiguous molecular discrimination of human proteins in the tumor from mouse proteins in the microenvironment. To characterize how patient breast tumors form a niche and educate naïve stroma, subcutaneous breast cancer PDXs were globally profiled by species-specific quantitative proteomics. Regulation of PDX stromal proteins by breast tumors was extensive, with 35% of the stromal proteome altered by tumors consistently across different animals and passages. Differentially regulated proteins in the stroma clustered into six signatures, which included both known and previously unappreciated contributors to tumor invasion and colonization. Stromal proteomes were coordinately regulated; however, the sets of proteins altered by each tumor were highly distinct. Integrated analysis of tumor and stromal proteins, a comparison made possible in these xenograft models, indicated that the known hallmarks of cancer contribute pleiotropically to establishing and maintaining the microenvironmental niche of the tumor. Education of the stroma by the tumor is therefore an intrinsic property of breast tumors that is highly individualized, yet proceeds by consistent, nonrandom, and defined tumor-promoting molecular alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuya Wang
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Arshag D Mooradian
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Petra Erdmann-Gilmore
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Rosa Viner
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, San Jose, CA 95134, USA
| | - Sherri R Davies
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kuan-Lin Huang
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Brian A Van Tine
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jieya Shao
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Shunqiang Li
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Matthew J Ellis
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Department of Oncology, and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - R Reid Townsend
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - David Fenyö
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jason M Held
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. .,Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in Saint Louis Medical School, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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120
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Miotti S, Gulino A, Ferri R, Parenza M, Chronowska A, Lecis D, Sangaletti S, Tagliabue E, Tripodo C, Colombo MP. Antibody-mediated blockade of JMJD6 interaction with collagen I exerts antifibrotic and antimetastatic activities. FASEB J 2017; 31:5356-5370. [PMID: 28790175 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700377r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
JMJD6 is known to localize in the nucleus, exerting histone arginine demethylase and lysyl hydroxylase activities. A novel localization of JMJD6 in the extracellular matrix, resulting from its secretion as a soluble protein, was unveiled by a new anti-JMJD6 mAb called P4E11, which was developed to identify new targets in the stroma. Recombinant JMJD6 binds with collagen type I (Coll-I), and distinct JMJD6 peptides interfere with collagen fibrillogenesis, collagen-fibronectin interaction, and adhesion of human tumor cells to the collagen substrate. P4E11 and collagen binding to JMJD6 are mutually exclusive because the amino acid sequences of JMJD6 necessary for the interaction with Coll-I are part of the conformational epitope recognized by P4E11. In mice injected with mouse 4T1 breast carcinoma cells, treatment with P4E11 reduced fibrosis at the primary tumor and prevented lung metastases. Reduction of fibrosis has also been documented in human breast and ovarian tumors (MDA-MB-231 and IGROV1, respectively) xenotransplanted into immunodeficient mice treated with P4E11. In summary, this study uncovers a new localization and function for JMJD6 that is most likely independent from its canonical enzymatic activities, and demonstrates that JMJD6 can functionally interact with Coll-I. P4E11 mAb, inhibiting JMJD6/Coll-I interaction, represents a new opportunity to target fibrotic and tumor diseases.-Miotti, S., Gulino, A., Ferri, R., Parenza, M., Chronowska, A., Lecis, D., Sangaletti, S., Tagliabue, E., Tripodo, C., Colombo, M. P. Antibody-mediated blockade of JMJD6 interaction with collagen I exerts antifibrotic and antimetastatic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Miotti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gulino
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Renata Ferri
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariella Parenza
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Agnieszka Chronowska
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Lecis
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabina Sangaletti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Elda Tagliabue
- Molecular Targeting Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario P Colombo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy;
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Usefulness of lymphocyte-to-monocyte, neutrophil-to-monocyte and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios as prognostic markers in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Clin Transl Oncol 2017; 20:476-483. [DOI: 10.1007/s12094-017-1732-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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122
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Sangaletti S, Chiodoni C, Tripodo C, Colombo MP. Common extracellular matrix regulation of myeloid cell activity in the bone marrow and tumor microenvironments. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017; 66:1059-1067. [PMID: 28501940 PMCID: PMC11029001 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-017-2014-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The complex interaction between cells undergoing transformation and the various stromal and immunological cell components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) crucially influences cancer progression and diversification, as well as endowing clinical and prognostic significance. The immunosuppression characterizing the TME depends on the recruitment and activation of different cell types including regulatory T cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and tumor-associated macrophages. Less considered is the non-cellular component of the TME. Here, we focus on the extracellular matrix (ECM) regulatory activities that, within the TME, actively contribute to many aspects of tumor progression, acting on both tumor and immune cells. Particularly, ECM-mediated regulation of tumor-associated immunosuppression occurs through the modulation of myeloid cell expansion, localization, and functional activities. Such regulation is not limited to the TME but occurs also within the bone marrow, wherein matricellular proteins contribute to the maintenance of specialized hematopoietic stem cell niches thereby regulating their homeostasis as well as the generation and expansion of myeloid cells under both physiological and pathological conditions. Highlighting the commonalities among ECM-myeloid cell interactions in bone marrow and TME, in this review we present a picture in which myeloid cells might sense and respond to ECM modifications, providing different ECM-myeloid cell interfaces that may be useful to define prognostic groups and to tailor therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Sangaletti
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Chiodoni
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Tumor Immunology Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario P Colombo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo, 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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123
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Brachelente C, Cappelli K, Capomaccio S, Porcellato I, Silvestri S, Bongiovanni L, De Maria R, Verini Supplizi A, Mechelli L, Sforna M. Transcriptome Analysis of Canine Cutaneous Melanoma and Melanocytoma Reveals a Modulation of Genes Regulating Extracellular Matrix Metabolism and Cell Cycle. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6386. [PMID: 28743863 PMCID: PMC5526991 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06281-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between tumor cells and tumor microenvironment are considered critical in carcinogenesis, tumor invasion and metastasis. To examine transcriptome changes and to explore the relationship with tumor microenvironment in canine cutaneous melanocytoma and melanoma, we extracted RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens and analyzed them by means of RNA-seq for transcriptional analysis. Melanocytoma and melanoma samples were compared to detect differential gene expressions and significant enriched pathways were explored to reveal functional relations between differentially expressed genes. The study demonstrated a differential expression of 60 genes in melanomas compared to melanocytomas. The differentially expressed genes cluster in the extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, protein digestion and absorption, focal adhesion and PI3K-Akt (phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B) signaling pathways. Genes encoding for several collagen proteins were more commonly differentially expressed. Results of the RNA-seq were validated by qRT-PCR and protein expression of some target molecules was investigated by means of immunohistochemistry. We hypothesize that the developing melanoma actively promotes collagen metabolism and extracellular matrix remodeling as well as enhancing cell proliferation and survival contributing to disease progression and metastasis. In this study, we also detected unidentified genes in human melanoma expression studies and uncover new candidate drug targets for further testing in canine melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katia Cappelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Laura Bongiovanni
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 64100, Teramo, Italy
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Luca Mechelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | - Monica Sforna
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, 06126, Perugia, Italy
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124
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Li H, Wu H, Zhang H, Li Y, Li S, Hou Q, Wu S, Yang SY. Identification of curcumin-inhibited extracellular matrix receptors in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells by RNA sequencing. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317705334. [PMID: 28618934 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317705334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a potent anti-cancer drug in several types of human cancers. Despite of several preclinical and clinical studies of curcumin, the precise mechanism of curcumin in cancer prevention has remained unclear. In our study, we for the first time investigated whole transcriptome alteration in A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines after treatment with curcumin using RNA sequencing. We found that lots of genes and signaling pathways were significantly altered after curcumin treatment in A549 cells. With bioinformatics approaches (gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and STRING), we found that those curcumin altered genes were not only the genes that induce cell death but also those extracellular matrix receptors and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway genes which regulate cell migration and proliferation. Among those significantly altered genes, eight genes ( COL1A1, COL4A1, COL5A1, LAMA5, ITGA3, ITGA2B, DDIT3, and DUSP1) were further examined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis in four non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. Both in cell lines and in mouse model, the extracellular matrix receptors including the integrin ( ITGA3 and ITGA2B), collagen ( COL5A1), and laminin ( LAMA5) were significantly inhibited by curcumin at messenger RNA and protein levels. Functional studies confirmed that curcumin not only induced A549 cell death but also repressed cell proliferation and migration by regulating extracellular matrix receptors. Collectively, our study suggests that curcumin may be used as a promising drug candidate for intervening lung cancer in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Li
- 1 Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,2 Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongjin Wu
- 3 Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongfang Zhang
- 3 Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Li
- 3 Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Li
- 3 Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Hou
- 3 Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shixiu Wu
- 3 Cancer Research Institute, Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuan-Ying Yang
- 1 Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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125
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Merlino G, Miodini P, Callari M, D'Aiuto F, Cappelletti V, Daidone MG. Prognostic and functional role of subtype-specific tumor-stroma interaction in breast cancer. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:1399-1412. [PMID: 28672102 PMCID: PMC5623822 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
None of the clinically relevant gene expression signatures available for breast cancer were specifically developed to capture the influence of the microenvironment on tumor cells. Here, we attempted to build subtype‐specific signatures derived from an in vitro model reproducing tumor cell modifications after interaction with activated or normal stromal cells. Gene expression signatures derived from HER2+, luminal, and basal breast cancer cell lines (treated by normal fibroblasts or cancer‐associated fibroblasts conditioned media) were evaluated in clinical tumors by in silico analysis on published gene expression profiles (GEPs). Patients were classified as microenvironment‐positive (μENV+ve), that is, with tumors showing molecular profiles suggesting activation by the stroma, or microenvironment‐negative (μENV−ve) based on correlation of their tumors' GEP with the respective subtype‐specific signature. Patients with estrogen receptor alpha (ER)+/HER2−/μENV+ve tumors were characterized by 2.5‐fold higher risk of developing distant metastases (HR = 2.546; 95% CI: 1.751–3.701, P = 9.84E‐07), while μENV status did not affect, or only suggested the risk of distant metastases, in women with HER2+ (HR = 1.541; 95% CI: 0.788–3.012, P = 0.206) or ER‐/HER2− tumors (HR = 1.894; 95% CI: 0.938–3.824; P = 0.0747), respectively. In ER+/HER2− tumors, the μENV status remained significantly associated with metastatic progression (HR = 2.098; CI: 1.214–3.624; P = 0.00791) in multivariable analysis including size, age, and Genomic Grade Index. Validity of our in vitro model was also supported by in vitro biological endpoints such as cell growth (MTT assay) and migration/invasion (Transwell assay). In vitro‐derived gene signatures tracing the bidirectional interaction with cancer activated fibroblasts are subtype‐specific and add independent prognostic information to classical prognostic variables in women with ER+/HER2− tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Merlino
- Biomarker Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Miodini
- Biomarker Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Maurizio Callari
- Biomarker Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca D'Aiuto
- Biomarker Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Vera Cappelletti
- Biomarker Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Daidone
- Biomarker Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
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126
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Brouwers B, Fumagalli D, Brohee S, Hatse S, Govaere O, Floris G, Van den Eynde K, Bareche Y, Schöffski P, Smeets A, Neven P, Lambrechts D, Sotiriou C, Wildiers H. The footprint of the ageing stroma in older patients with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2017; 19:78. [PMID: 28673354 PMCID: PMC5494807 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-017-0871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumours are not only composed of malignant cells but also consist of a stromal micro-environment, which has been shown to influence cancer cell behaviour. Because the ageing process induces accumulation of senescent cells in the body, this micro-environment is thought to be different in cancers occurring in old patients compared with younger patients. More specifically, senescence-related fibroblastic features, such as the senescence-associated secretory profile (SASP) and the induction of autophagy, are suspected to stimulate tumour growth and progression. Methods We compared gene expression profiles in stromal fields of breast carcinomas by performing laser capture microdissection of the cancer-associated stroma from eight old (aged ≥80 years at diagnosis) and nine young (aged <45 years at diagnosis) patients with triple-negative breast cancer. Gene expression data were obtained by microarray analysis (Affymetrix). Differential gene expression and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed. Results Differential gene expression analysis showed changes reminiscent of increased growth, de-differentiation and migration in stromal samples of older versus younger patients. GSEA confirmed the presence of a SASP, as well as the presence of autophagy in the stroma of older patients. Conclusions We provide the first evidence in humans that older age at diagnosis is associated with a different stromal micro-environment in breast cancers. The SASP and the presence of autophagy appear to be important age-induced stromal features. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-017-0871-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Brouwers
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. .,Department of General Medical Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Debora Fumagalli
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Institut Jules Bordet, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sylvain Brohee
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Institut Jules Bordet, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sigrid Hatse
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of General Medical Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olivier Govaere
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Laboratory of Translational Cell & Tissue Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giuseppe Floris
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Laboratory of Translational Cell & Tissue Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kathleen Van den Eynde
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Laboratory of Translational Cell & Tissue Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yacine Bareche
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Institut Jules Bordet, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Patrick Schöffski
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of General Medical Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Smeets
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Neven
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Vesalius Research Center (VRC), Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christos Sotiriou
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Institut Jules Bordet, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of General Medical Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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127
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Lee D, Ham IH, Son SY, Han SU, Kim YB, Hur H. Intratumor stromal proportion predicts aggressive phenotype of gastric signet ring cell carcinomas. Gastric Cancer 2017; 20:591-601. [PMID: 27858181 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-016-0669-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the intratumor stromal proportion in gastric signet ring cell (SRC) carcinomas. BACKGROUND Cancer stroma, as exemplified by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), plays critical roles in cancer proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. METHODS One hundred seventy-five SRC carcinoma cases were classified according to the intratumor desmoplastic stromal proportion to then analyze the clinicopathologic characteristics of stroma-rich cases. We also investigated the impact of CAFs on the migration as well as on the phenotypic changes of gastric SRC carcinomas in vitro. Furthermore, we performed RNA sequencing of a pair of CAFs and normal-tissue-associated fibroblasts. RESULTS Stroma-rich SRC carcinomas (64 of 175 cases, 36.5%) were associated with female patients (P = 0.045), large tumor size (P = 0.007), higher T category (P < 0.001), and the presence of perineural invasion (P = 0.018). Patients with stroma-rich SRC carcinomas had a significantly shorter disease-free survival (P < 0.001) and overall survival (P < 0.001). However, in a subgroup analysis, the prognostic significance of the stromal proportion correlated only with patients with T3/4 disease. From multivariate analysis, the high stromal proportion is an independent prognostic factor to predict worse disease-free survival (hazard ratio 2.288; P = 0.001) and overall survival (hazard ratio 2.503; P = 0.001). We found that CAFs enhanced the migratory abilities of cancer cells through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and RNA sequencing results confirmed these findings. CONCLUSIONS The intratumor stromal proportion could be a useful prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in gastric SRC carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakeun Lee
- Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164, Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-Hye Ham
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yong Son
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Uk Han
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Bae Kim
- Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164, Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Hur
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea. .,Brain Korea 21 Plus Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164, Worldcup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea.
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128
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Zhang D, Lee J, Sun MB, Pei Y, Chu J, Gillette MU, Fan TM, Kilian KA. Combinatorial Discovery of Defined Substrates That Promote a Stem Cell State in Malignant Melanoma. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2017; 3:381-393. [PMID: 28573199 PMCID: PMC5445527 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.6b00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is implicated in orchestrating cancer cell transformation and metastasis. However, specific cell-ligand interactions between cancer cells and the extracellular matrix are difficult to decipher due to a dynamic and multivariate presentation of many signaling molecules. Here we report a versatile peptide microarray platform that is capable of screening for cancer cell phenotypic changes in response to ligand-receptor interactions. Using a screen of 78 peptide combinations derived from proteins present in the melanoma microenvironment, we identify a proteoglycan binding and bone morphogenic protein 7 (BMP7) derived sequence that selectively promotes the expression of several putative melanoma initiating cell markers. We characterize signaling associated with each of these peptides in the activation of melanoma pro-tumorigenic signaling and reveal a role for proteoglycan mediated adhesion and signaling through Smad 2/3. A defined substratum that controls the state of malignant melanoma may prove useful in spatially normalizing a heterogeneous population of tumor cells for discovery of therapeutics that target a specific state and for identifying new drug targets and reagents for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Cell and Developmental
Biology, Department
of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Junmin Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Cell and Developmental
Biology, Department
of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Michael B. Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Cell and Developmental
Biology, Department
of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Yi Pei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Cell and Developmental
Biology, Department
of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - James Chu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Cell and Developmental
Biology, Department
of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Martha U. Gillette
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Cell and Developmental
Biology, Department
of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Timothy M. Fan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Cell and Developmental
Biology, Department
of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kristopher A. Kilian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Cell and Developmental
Biology, Department
of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, and Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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129
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Analysis of Gene Expression Signatures in Cancer-Associated Stroma from Canine Mammary Tumours Reveals Molecular Homology to Human Breast Carcinomas. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18051101. [PMID: 28531107 PMCID: PMC5455009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated stroma (CAS) plays a key role in cancer initiation and progression. Spontaneously occurring canine mammary carcinomas are viewed as excellent models of human breast carcinomas. Considering the importance of CAS for human cancer, it likely plays a central role in canine tumours as well. So far, however, canine CAS lacks characterisation, and it remains unclear whether the biology between CAS from canine and human tumours is comparable. In this proof-of-principle study, using laser-capture microdissection, we isolated CAS and normal stroma from 13 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded canine simple mammary carcinomas and analysed the expression of seven known human CAS markers by RT-qPCR (Reverse Transcription quantitative PCR) and validated some targets by immunohistochemistry. We found that Col1a1 (Collagen1α1), αSMA (alpha Smooth Muscle Actin), FAP (Fibroblast activation protein), PDGFRβ (Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta), and Caveolin-1 were significantly upregulated in canine CAS, and the expression of CXCL12 (Stromal cell derived factor 1) significantly decreased, whereas MMP2 (Matrix Metalloproteinase 1) and IL6 (Interleukin 6) did not change. Our results suggest strong similarities in CAS biology in canine and human mammary carcinomas but also reveal some differences. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to provide a comprehensive expression analysis of the most important CAS markers in canine simple mammary carcinomas and further supports the validity of the dog as model for human cancer.
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130
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Pickup MW, Owens P, Moses HL. TGF-β, Bone Morphogenetic Protein, and Activin Signaling and the Tumor Microenvironment. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2017; 9:cshperspect.a022285. [PMID: 28062564 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a022285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The cellular and noncellular components surrounding the tumor cells influence many aspects of tumor progression. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), and activins have been shown to regulate the phenotype and functions of the microenvironment and are attractive targets to attenuate protumorigenic microenvironmental changes. Given the pleiotropic nature of the cytokines involved, a full understanding of their effects on numerous cell types in many contexts is necessary for proper clinical intervention. In this review, we will explore the various effects of TGF-β, BMP, and activin signaling on stromal phenotypes known to associate with cancer progression. We will summarize these findings in the context of their tumor suppressive or promoting effects, as well as the molecular changes that these cytokines induce to influence stromal phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Pickup
- Department of Cancer Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Comprehensive Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Philip Owens
- Department of Cancer Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Comprehensive Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Harold L Moses
- Department of Cancer Biology and Vanderbilt-Ingram Comprehensive Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
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131
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Aberrant low expression of p85α in stromal fibroblasts promotes breast cancer cell metastasis through exosome-mediated paracrine Wnt10b. Oncogene 2017; 36:4692-4705. [PMID: 28394344 PMCID: PMC5562851 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
P85α, which acts as a tumour suppressor, is frequently found to be downregulated in various human cancers. However, the role of p85α in the tumour microenvironment is unknown. Here, we report that aberrantly low expression of p85α in breast cancer stroma is clinically relevant to breast cancer disease progression. Stromal fibroblasts can acquire the hallmarks of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) as a result of the loss of p85α expression. Paracrine Wnt10b from p85α-deficient fibroblasts can promote cancer progression via epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by the canonical Wnt pathway. Moreover, exosomes have a key role in paracrine Wnt10b transport from fibroblasts to breast cancer epithelial cells. Our results reveal that p85α expression in stromal fibroblasts haves a crucial role in regulating breast cancer tumourigenesis and progression by modifying stromal–epithelial crosstalk and remodelling the tumour microenvironment. Therefore, p85α can function as a tumour suppressor and represent a new candidate for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy.
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132
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Zhou Z, Lu ZR. Molecular imaging of the tumor microenvironment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 113:24-48. [PMID: 27497513 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. It is different from normal tissue in the extracellular matrix, vascular and lymphatic networks, as well as physiologic conditions. Molecular imaging of the tumor microenvironment provides a better understanding of its function in cancer biology, and thus allowing for the design of new diagnostics and therapeutics for early cancer diagnosis and treatment. The clinical translation of cancer molecular imaging is often hampered by the high cost of commercialization of targeted imaging agents as well as the limited clinical applications and small market size of some of the agents. Because many different cancer types share similar tumor microenvironment features, the ability to target these biomarkers has the potential to provide clinically translatable molecular imaging technologies for a spectrum of cancers and broad clinical applications. There has been significant progress in targeting the tumor microenvironment for cancer molecular imaging. In this review, we summarize the principles and strategies of recent advances made in molecular imaging of the tumor microenvironment, using various imaging modalities for early detection and diagnosis of cancer.
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133
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Majeed H, Okoro C, Kajdacsy-Balla A, Toussaint KC, Popescu G. Quantifying collagen fiber orientation in breast cancer using quantitative phase imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:46004. [PMID: 28388706 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.4.046004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Tumor progression in breast cancer is significantly influenced by its interaction with the surrounding stromal tissue. Specifically, the composition, orientation, and alignment of collagen fibers in tumor-adjacent stroma affect tumor growth and metastasis. Most of the work done on measuring this prognostic marker has involved imaging of collagen fibers using second-harmonic generation microscopy (SHGM), which provides label-free specificity. Here, we show that spatial light interference microscopy (SLIM), a label-free quantitative phase imaging technique, is able to provide information on collagen-fiber orientation that is comparable to that provided by SHGM. Due to its wide-field geometry, the throughput of the SLIM system is much higher than that of SHGM and, because of the linear imaging, the equipment is simpler and significantly less expensive. Our results indicate that SLIM images can be used to extract important prognostic information from collagen fibers in breast tissue, potentially providing a convenient high throughput clinical tool for assessing patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassaan Majeed
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Quantitative Light Imaging (QLI) Lab, Department of Bioengineering, Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Chukwuemeka Okoro
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Photonics Research of Bio/Nano Environments (PROBE) Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Lab, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - André Kajdacsy-Balla
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Pathology, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Kimani C Toussaint
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Photonics Research of Bio/Nano Environments (PROBE) Lab, Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Mechanical Engineering Lab, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Gabriel Popescu
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Quantitative Light Imaging (QLI) Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
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134
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Proteomic characterization of human multiple myeloma bone marrow extracellular matrix. Leukemia 2017; 31:2426-2434. [PMID: 28344315 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a major component of the tumor microenvironment, contributing to the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, differentiation and metastasis. In multiple myeloma (MM), interactions between MM cells and the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, including the BM ECM, are critical to the pathogenesis of the disease and the development of drug resistance. Nevertheless, composition of the ECM in MM and its role in supporting MM pathogenesis has not been reported. We have applied a novel proteomic-based strategy and defined the BM ECM composition in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), newly diagnosed and relapsed MM compared with healthy donor-derived BM ECM. In this study, we show that the tumor ECM is remodeled at the mRNA and protein levels in MGUS and MM to allow development of a permissive microenvironment. We further demonstrate that two ECM-affiliated proteins, ANXA2 and LGALS1, are more abundant in MM and high expression is associated with a decreased overall survival. This study points to the importance of ECM remodeling in MM and provides a novel proteomic pipeline for interrogating the role of the ECM in cancers with BM tropism.
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135
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Investigating the Mechanobiology of Cancer Cell-ECM Interaction Through Collagen-Based 3D Scaffolds. Cell Mol Bioeng 2017; 10:223-234. [PMID: 31719861 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-017-0483-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulated dynamics of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are one of the hallmarks of cancer. Studies on tumor mechanobiology are thus expected to provide an insight into the disease pathogenesis as well as potentially useful biomarkers. Type I collagen is among the major determinants of breast ECM structural and tensile properties, and collagen modifications during tumor evolution drive a number of disease-related processes favoring cancer progression and invasion. We investigated the use of 3D collagen-based scaffolds to identify the modifications induced by cancer cells on the mechanical and structural properties of the matrix, comparing cell lines from two breast tumor subtypes with different clinical aggressiveness. Orthotopic implantation was used to investigate the collagen content and architecture of in vivo breast tumors generated by the two cell lines. MDA-MB-231, which belongs to the aggressive basal-like subtype, increased scaffold stiffness and overexpressed the matrix-modifying enzyme, lysyl oxidase (LOX), whereas luminal A MCF-7 cells did not significantly alter the mechanical characteristics of extracellular collagen. This replicates the behavior of in vivo tumors generated by MDA-MB-231, characterized by a higher collagen content and higher LOX levels than MCF-7. When LOX activity was blocked, the ability of MDA-MB-231 to alter scaffold stiffness was impaired. Our model could constitute a relevant in vitro tool to reproduce and investigate the biomechanical interplay subsisting between cancer cells and the surrounding ECM and its impact on tumor phenotype and behavior.
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136
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Güttlein LN, Benedetti LG, Fresno C, Spallanzani RG, Mansilla SF, Rotondaro C, Raffo Iraolagoitia XL, Salvatierra E, Bravo AI, Fernández EA, Gottifredi V, Zwirner NW, Llera AS, Podhajcer OL. Predictive Outcomes for HER2-enriched Cancer Using Growth and Metastasis Signatures Driven By SPARC. Mol Cancer Res 2016; 15:304-316. [PMID: 28031408 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-16-0243-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of metastatic dissemination is crucial for the rational design of novel therapeutics. The secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a matricellular glycoprotein which has been extensively associated with human breast cancer aggressiveness although the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here, shRNA-mediated SPARC knockdown greatly reduced primary tumor growth and completely abolished lung colonization of murine 4T1 and LM3 breast malignant cells implanted in syngeneic BALB/c mice. A comprehensive study including global transcriptomic analysis followed by biological validations confirmed that SPARC induces primary tumor growth by enhancing cell cycle and by promoting a COX-2-mediated expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). The role of SPARC in metastasis involved a COX-2-independent enhancement of cell disengagement from the primary tumor and adherence to the lungs that fostered metastasis implantation. Interestingly, SPARC-driven gene expression signatures obtained from these murine models predicted the clinical outcome of patients with HER2-enriched breast cancer subtypes. In total, the results reveal that SPARC and its downstream effectors are attractive targets for antimetastatic therapies in breast cancer.Implications: These findings shed light on the prometastatic role of SPARC, a key protein expressed by breast cancer cells and surrounding stroma, with important consequences for disease outcome. Mol Cancer Res; 15(3); 304-16. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro N Güttlein
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lorena G Benedetti
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristóbal Fresno
- Unidad Asociada: Área de Cs. Agrarias, Ingeniería, Cs. Biológicas y de la Salud. CONICET. Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Raúl G Spallanzani
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología de la Inmunidad Innata, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-CONICET. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sabrina F Mansilla
- Laboratorio de Ciclo Celular y Estabilidad Genómica, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Rotondaro
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ximena L Raffo Iraolagoitia
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología de la Inmunidad Innata, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-CONICET. Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Edgardo Salvatierra
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia I Bravo
- Unidad de Inmunopatología, Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Eva Perón, San Martín, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elmer A Fernández
- Unidad Asociada: Área de Cs. Agrarias, Ingeniería, Cs. Biológicas y de la Salud. CONICET. Universidad Católica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Vanesa Gottifredi
- Laboratorio de Ciclo Celular y Estabilidad Genómica, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Norberto W Zwirner
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología de la Inmunidad Innata, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental-CONICET. Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea S Llera
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Osvaldo L Podhajcer
- Laboratorio de Terapia Molecular y Celular, IIBBA, Fundación Instituto Leloir, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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137
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Berardi DE, Raffo D, Todaro LB, Simian M. Laminin Modulates the Stem Cell Population in LM05-E Murine Breast Cancer Cells through the Activation of the MAPK/ERK Pathway. Cancer Res Treat 2016; 49:869-879. [PMID: 28052658 PMCID: PMC5654159 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2016.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We investigated the effects of laminin on the fraction of cells with self-renewing capacity in the estrogen-dependent, tamoxifen-sensitive LM05-E breast cancer cell line. We also determined whether laminin affected the response to tamoxifen. Materials and Methods The LM05-E breast cancer cell line was used as a model for all experiments. Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, clonogenic and mammosphere assays were performed to measure the effects of laminin on modulation of the stem cell subpopulation. Pluripotent gene expression was analyzed by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. The involvement of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK pathway was determined using specific inhibitors. The effects of laminin on the response to tamoxifenwere determined and the involvement of α6 integrin was investigated. Results We found that pretreatment with laminin leads to a decrease in cells with the ability to form mammospheres that was accompanied by a decrease in ALDH activity. Moreover, exposure of mammospheres to laminin reduced the capacity to form secondary mammospheres and decreased the expression of Sox-2, Nanog, and Oct-4. We previously reported that 4-OH-tamoxifen leads to an increase in the expression of these genes in LM05-E cells. Treatment with signaling pathway inhibitors revealed that the MAPK/ERK pathway mediates the effects of laminin. Finally, laminin induced tamoxifen resistance in LM05-E cells through α6 integrin. Conclusion Our results suggest that the final number of cells with self-renewing capacity in estrogen-dependent breast tumors may result from the combined effects of endocrine treatment and microenvironmental cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damián E Berardi
- Research Area, Instituto de Oncología "Angel H. Roffo", Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Raffo
- Research Area, Instituto de Oncología "Angel H. Roffo", Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura B Todaro
- Research Area, Instituto de Oncología "Angel H. Roffo", Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Members of the Research Career, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Simian
- Members of the Research Career, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Nanosistemas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, Campus Miguelete, San Martín, Argentina
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138
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Guzman A, Sánchez Alemany V, Nguyen Y, Zhang CR, Kaufman LJ. A novel 3D in vitro metastasis model elucidates differential invasive strategies during and after breaching basement membrane. Biomaterials 2016; 115:19-29. [PMID: 27880891 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Invasive breast cancer and other tumors of epithelial origin must breach a layer of basement membrane (BM) that surrounds the primary tumor before invading into the adjacent extracellular matrix. To analyze invasive strategies of breast cancer cells during BM breaching and subsequent invasion into a collagen I-rich extracellular matrix (ECM), we developed a physiologically relevant 3D in vitro model that recreates the architecture of a solid tumor with an intact, degradable, cell-assembled BM layer embedded in a collagen I environment. Using this model we demonstrate that while the BM layer fully prevents dissemination of non-malignant cells, cancer cells are capable of breaching it and invading into the surrounding collagen, indicating that the developed system recreates a hallmark of invasive disease. We demonstrate that cancer cells exhibiting individual invasion in collagen matrices preferentially adopt a specific mode of collective invasion when transmigrating a cell-assembled BM that is not observed in any other tested fibrillar, non-fibrillar, or composite ECM. Matrix-degrading enzymes are found to be crucial during BM breaching but not during subsequent invasion in the collagen matrix. It is further shown that multicellular transmigration of the BM is less susceptible to pharmacological MMP inhibition than multicellular invasion in composite collagen/basement membrane extract matrices. The newly developed in vitro model of metastasis allows 3D cancer cell invasion to be studied not only as a function of a particular tumor's genetics but also as a function of its heterogeneous environment and the different stages of invasion. As such, this model is a valuable new tool with which to dissect basic mechanisms of invasion and metastasis and develop new therapeutic approaches in a physiologically relevant, yet inexpensive and highly tunable, in vitro setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asja Guzman
- Columbia University, Department of Chemistry, New York, NY 10027, United States
| | | | - Yen Nguyen
- Columbia University, Department of Chemistry, New York, NY 10027, United States
| | | | - Laura J Kaufman
- Columbia University, Department of Chemistry, New York, NY 10027, United States.
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139
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Winslow S, Lindquist KE, Edsjö A, Larsson C. The expression pattern of matrix-producing tumor stroma is of prognostic importance in breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:841. [PMID: 27809802 PMCID: PMC5095990 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2864-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are several indications that the composition of the tumor stroma can contribute to the malignancy of a tumor. Here we utilized expression data sets to identify metagenes that may serve as surrogate marker for the extent of matrix production and vascularization of a tumor and to characterize prognostic molecular components of the stroma. METHODS TCGA data sets from six cancer forms, two breast cancer microarray sets and one mRNA data set of xenografted tumors were downloaded. Using the mean correlation as distance measure compact clusters with genes representing extracellular matrix production (ECM metagene) and vascularization (endothelial metagene) were defined. Explorative Cox modeling was used to identify prognostic stromal gene sets. RESULTS Clustering of stromal genes in six cancer data sets resulted in metagenes, each containing three genes, representing matrix production and vascularization. The ECM metagene was associated with poor prognosis in renal clear cell carcinoma and in lung adenocarcinoma but not in other cancers investigated. Explorative Cox modeling using gene pairs identified gene sets that in multivariate models were prognostic in breast cancer. This was validated in two microarray sets. Two notable genes are TCF4 and P4HA3 which were included in the sets associated with positive and negative prognosis, respectively. Data from laser-microdissected tumors, a xenografted tumor data set and from correlation analyses demonstrate the stroma specificity of the genes. CONCLUSIONS It is possible to construct ECM and endothelial metagenes common for several cancer forms. The molecular composition of matrix-producing cells, rather than the extent of matrix production seem to be important for breast cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Winslow
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University Cancer Center, Translational Cancer Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kajsa Ericson Lindquist
- Department of Pathology, Regional Laboratories Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders Edsjö
- Department of Pathology, Regional Laboratories Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christer Larsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University Cancer Center, Translational Cancer Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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140
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Velaei K, Samadi N, Barazvan B, Soleimani Rad J. Tumor microenvironment-mediated chemoresistance in breast cancer. Breast 2016; 30:92-100. [PMID: 27668856 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapy resistance or tumor relapse in cancer is common. Tumors develop resistance to chemotherapeutic through a variety of mechanisms, with tumor microenvironment (TM) serving pivotal roles. Using breast cancer as a paradigm, we propose that responses of cancer cells to drugs are not exclusively determined by their intrinsic characteristics but are also controlled by deriving signals from TM. Affected microenvironment by chemotherapy is an avenue to promote phenotype which tends to resist on to be ruined. Therefore, exclusively targeting cancer cells does not demolish tumor recurrence after chemotherapy. Regardless of tumor-microenvironment pathways and their profound influence on the responsiveness of treatment, diversity of molecular properties of breast cancer also behave differently in terms of response to chemotherapy. And also it is assumed that there is cross-talk between phenotypic diversity and TM. Collectively, raising complex signal from TM in chemotherapy condition often encourages cancer cells are not killed but strengthen. Here, we summarized how TM modifies responses to chemotherapy in breast cancer. We also discussed successful treatment strategies have been considered TM in breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobra Velaei
- Department of Anatomical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasser Samadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Balal Barazvan
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Soleimani Rad
- Department of Anatomical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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141
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Abstract
Tissue growth and regeneration are autonomous, stem-cell-mediated processes in which stem cells within the organ self-renew and differentiate to create new cells, leading to new tissue. The processes of growth and regeneration require communication and interplay between neighboring cells. In particular, cell competition, which is a process in which viable cells are actively eliminated by more competitive cells, has been increasingly implicated to play an important role. Here, we discuss the existing literature regarding the current landscape of cell competition, including classical pathways and models, fitness fingerprint mechanisms, and immune system mechanisms of cell competition. We further discuss the clinical relevance of cell competition in the physiological processes of tissue growth and regeneration, highlighting studies in clinically important disease models, including oncological, neurological, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Gogna
- Institut für Zellbiologie, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; .,Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03766
| | - Kevin Shee
- Department of Radiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03766
| | - Eduardo Moreno
- Institut für Zellbiologie, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland;
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142
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Čunderlíková B. Clinical significance of immunohistochemically detected extracellular matrix proteins and their spatial distribution in primary cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2016; 105:127-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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143
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Shologu N, Szegezdi E, Lowery A, Kerin M, Pandit A, Zeugolis DI. Recreating complex pathophysiologies in vitro with extracellular matrix surrogates for anticancer therapeutics screening. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:1521-1531. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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144
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Microarray-based identification of genes associated with cancer progression and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:127. [PMID: 27567667 PMCID: PMC5002170 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0403-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The average survival and 5-year survival rates of HCC patients still remains poor. Thus, there is an urgent need to better understand the mechanisms of cancer progression in HCC and to identify useful biomarkers to predict prognosis. METHODS Public data portals including Oncomine, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) profiles were used to retrieve the HCC-related microarrays and to identify potential genes contributed to cancer progression. Bioinformatics analyses including pathway enrichment, protein/gene interaction and text mining were used to explain the potential roles of the identified genes in HCC. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis and Western blotting were used to measure the expression of the targets. The data were analysed by SPSS 20.0 software. RESULTS We identified 80 genes that were significantly dysregulated in HCC according to four independent microarrays covering 386 cases of HCC and 327 normal liver tissues. Twenty genes were consistently and stably dysregulated in the four microarrays by at least 2-fold and detection of gene expression by RT-qPCR and western blotting showed consistent expression profiles in 11 HCC tissues compared with corresponding paracancerous tissues. Eleven of these 20 genes were associated with disease-free survival (DFS) or overall survival (OS) in a cohort of 157 HCC patients, and eight genes were associated with tumour pathologic PT, tumour stage or vital status. Potential roles of those 20 genes in regulation of HCC progression were predicted, primarily in association with metastasis. INTS8 was specifically correlated with most clinical characteristics including DFS, OS, stage, metastasis, invasiveness, diagnosis, and age. CONCLUSION The significantly dysregulated genes identified in this study were associated with cancer progression and prognosis in HCC, and might be potential therapeutic targets for HCC treatment or potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis.
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145
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Goliwas KF, Marshall LE, Ransaw EL, Berry JL, Frost AR. A recapitulative three-dimensional model of breast carcinoma requires perfusion for multi-week growth. J Tissue Eng 2016; 7:2041731416660739. [PMID: 27516850 PMCID: PMC4968110 DOI: 10.1177/2041731416660739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast carcinomas are complex, three-dimensional tissues composed of cancer epithelial cells and stromal components, including fibroblasts and extracellular matrix. In vitro models that more faithfully recapitulate this dimensionality and stromal microenvironment should more accurately elucidate the processes driving carcinogenesis, tumor progression, and therapeutic response. Herein, novel in vitro breast carcinoma surrogates, distinguished by a relevant dimensionality and stromal microenvironment, are described and characterized. A perfusion bioreactor system was used to deliver medium to surrogates containing engineered microchannels and the effects of perfusion, medium composition, and the method of cell incorporation and density of initial cell seeding on the growth and morphology of surrogates were assessed. Perfused surrogates demonstrated significantly greater cell density and proliferation and were more histologically recapitulative of human breast carcinoma than surrogates maintained without perfusion. Although other parameters of the surrogate system, such as medium composition and cell seeding density, affected cell growth, perfusion was the most influential parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla F Goliwas
- Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lauren E Marshall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Evette L Ransaw
- Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Joel L Berry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Andra R Frost
- Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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146
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Haukaas TH, Euceda LR, Giskeødegård GF, Lamichhane S, Krohn M, Jernström S, Aure MR, Lingjærde OC, Schlichting E, Garred Ø, Due EU, Mills GB, Sahlberg KK, Børresen-Dale AL, Bathen TF. Metabolic clusters of breast cancer in relation to gene- and protein expression subtypes. Cancer Metab 2016; 4:12. [PMID: 27350877 PMCID: PMC4922058 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-016-0152-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heterogeneous biology of breast cancer leads to high diversity in prognosis and response to treatment, even for patients with similar clinical diagnosis, histology, and stage of disease. Identifying mechanisms contributing to this heterogeneity may reveal new cancer targets or clinically relevant subgroups for treatment stratification. In this study, we have merged metabolite, protein, and gene expression data from breast cancer patients to examine the heterogeneity at a molecular level. METHODS The study included primary tumor samples from 228 non-treated breast cancer patients. High-resolution magic-angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HR MAS MRS) was performed to extract the tumors metabolic profiles further used for hierarchical cluster analysis resulting in three significantly different metabolic clusters (Mc1, Mc2, and Mc3). The clusters were further combined with gene and protein expression data. RESULTS Our result revealed distinct differences in the metabolic profile of the three metabolic clusters. Among the most interesting differences, Mc1 had the highest levels of glycerophosphocholine (GPC) and phosphocholine (PCho), Mc2 had the highest levels of glucose, and Mc3 had the highest levels of lactate and alanine. Integrated pathway analysis of metabolite and gene expression data uncovered differences in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism between the clusters. All three clusters had significant differences in the distribution of protein subtypes classified by the expression of breast cancer-related proteins. Genes related to collagens and extracellular matrix were downregulated in Mc1 and consequently upregulated in Mc2 and Mc3, underpinning the differences in protein subtypes within the metabolic clusters. Genetic subtypes were evenly distributed among the three metabolic clusters and could therefore contribute to additional explanation of breast cancer heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Three naturally occurring metabolic clusters of breast cancer were detected among primary tumors from non-treated breast cancer patients. The clusters expressed differences in breast cancer-related protein as well as genes related to extracellular matrix and metabolic pathways known to be aberrant in cancer. Analyses of metabolic activity combined with gene and protein expression provide new information about the heterogeneity of breast tumors and, importantly, the metabolic differences infer that the clusters may be susceptible to different metabolically targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonje H. Haukaas
- />Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- />K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Leslie R. Euceda
- />Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Guro F. Giskeødegård
- />Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- />St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Santosh Lamichhane
- />Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- />Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Årslev, Denmark
| | - Marit Krohn
- />K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- />Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sandra Jernström
- />K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- />Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Miriam R. Aure
- />K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- />Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole C. Lingjærde
- />K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- />Department of Computer Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- />Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ellen Schlichting
- />Section for Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo Norway
| | - Øystein Garred
- />Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eldri U. Due
- />K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- />Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gordon B. Mills
- />Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Kristine K. Sahlberg
- />K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- />Department of Research, Vestre Viken, Drammen, Norway
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- />K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- />Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tone F. Bathen
- />Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- />K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - The Oslo Breast Cancer Consortium (OSBREAC)
- />Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- />K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- />St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- />Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Årslev, Denmark
- />Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- />Department of Computer Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- />Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- />Section for Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo Norway
- />Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- />Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
- />Department of Research, Vestre Viken, Drammen, Norway
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147
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Nik-Zainal S, Davies H, Staaf J, Ramakrishna M, Glodzik D, Zou X, Martincorena I, Alexandrov LB, Martin S, Wedge DC, Van Loo P, Ju YS, Smid M, Brinkman AB, Morganella S, Aure MR, Lingjærde OC, Langerød A, Ringnér M, Ahn SM, Boyault S, Brock JE, Broeks A, Butler A, Desmedt C, Dirix L, Dronov S, Fatima A, Foekens JA, Gerstung M, Hooijer GKJ, Jang SJ, Jones DR, Kim HY, King TA, Krishnamurthy S, Lee HJ, Lee JY, Li Y, McLaren S, Menzies A, Mustonen V, O’Meara S, Pauporté I, Pivot X, Purdie CA, Raine K, Ramakrishnan K, Rodríguez-González FG, Romieu G, Sieuwerts AM, Simpson PT, Shepherd R, Stebbings L, Stefansson OA, Teague J, Tommasi S, Treilleux I, Van den Eynden GG, Vermeulen P, Vincent-Salomon A, Yates L, Caldas C, van’t Veer L, Tutt A, Knappskog S, Tan BKT, Jonkers J, Borg Å, Ueno NT, Sotiriou C, Viari A, Futreal PA, Campbell PJ, Span PN, Van Laere S, Lakhani SR, Eyfjord JE, Thompson AM, Birney E, Stunnenberg HG, van de Vijver MJ, Martens JW, Børresen-Dale AL, Richardson AL, Kong G, Thomas G, Stratton MR. Landscape of somatic mutations in 560 breast cancer whole-genome sequences. Nature 2016; 534:47-54. [PMID: 27135926 PMCID: PMC4910866 DOI: 10.1038/nature17676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1488] [Impact Index Per Article: 186.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We analysed whole-genome sequences of 560 breast cancers to advance understanding of the driver mutations conferring clonal advantage and the mutational processes generating somatic mutations. We found that 93 protein-coding cancer genes carried probable driver mutations. Some non-coding regions exhibited high mutation frequencies, but most have distinctive structural features probably causing elevated mutation rates and do not contain driver mutations. Mutational signature analysis was extended to genome rearrangements and revealed twelve base substitution and six rearrangement signatures. Three rearrangement signatures, characterized by tandem duplications or deletions, appear associated with defective homologous-recombination-based DNA repair: one with deficient BRCA1 function, another with deficient BRCA1 or BRCA2 function, the cause of the third is unknown. This analysis of all classes of somatic mutation across exons, introns and intergenic regions highlights the repertoire of cancer genes and mutational processes operating, and progresses towards a comprehensive account of the somatic genetic basis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Nik-Zainal
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- East Anglian Medical Genetics Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 9NB, UK
| | - Helen Davies
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Johan Staaf
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Dominik Glodzik
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Xueqing Zou
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | - Ludmil B. Alexandrov
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics (T-6), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Sancha Martin
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - David C. Wedge
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Peter Van Loo
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Young Seok Ju
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Marcel Smid
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arie B Brinkman
- Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculties of Science and Medicine, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sandro Morganella
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus,Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD
| | - Miriam R. Aure
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital The Norwegian Radiumhospital
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Christian Lingjærde
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anita Langerød
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital The Norwegian Radiumhospital
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Markus Ringnér
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sung-Min Ahn
- Gachon Institute of Genome Medicine and Science, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sandrine Boyault
- Translational Research Lab, Centre Léon Bérard, 28, rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Jane E. Brock
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Annegien Broeks
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adam Butler
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Christine Desmedt
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, Bd de Waterloo 121, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Dirix
- Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Serge Dronov
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | - John A. Foekens
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Moritz Gerstung
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Gerrit KJ Hooijer
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Se Jin Jang
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, Ulsan University, South Korea
| | - David R. Jones
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Hyung-Yong Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tari A. King
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | - Savitri Krishnamurthy
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030
| | - Hee Jin Lee
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, Ulsan University, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Yeon Lee
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research (IBBR), Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yilong Li
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Stuart McLaren
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Andrew Menzies
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Ville Mustonen
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Sarah O’Meara
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Iris Pauporté
- Institut National du Cancer, Research Division, Clinical Research Department, 52 avenue Morizet, 92513 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Xavier Pivot
- University Hospital of Minjoz, INSERM UMR 1098, Bd Fleming, Besançon 25000, France
| | - Colin A. Purdie
- Pathology Department, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Keiran Raine
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | - F. Germán Rodríguez-González
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gilles Romieu
- Oncologie Sénologie, ICM Institut Régional du Cancer, Montpellier, France
| | - Anieta M. Sieuwerts
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter T Simpson
- The University of Queensland: UQ Centre for Clinical Research and School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rebecca Shepherd
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Lucy Stebbings
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Olafur A Stefansson
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jon Teague
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | - Isabelle Treilleux
- Department of Pathology, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cédex 08, France
| | - Gert G. Van den Eynden
- Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Pathology, GZA Hospitals Sint-Augustinus, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter Vermeulen
- Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Pathology, GZA Hospitals Sint-Augustinus, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anne Vincent-Salomon
- Institut Curie, Department of Pathology and INSERM U934, 26 rue d’Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Lucy Yates
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Laura van’t Veer
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew Tutt
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Research Unit, King’s College London
- Breast Cancer Now Toby Robin’s Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London
| | - Stian Knappskog
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
- Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Benita Kiat Tee Tan
- National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610
- Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore 169608
| | - Jos Jonkers
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Åke Borg
- Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Naoto T Ueno
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030
| | - Christos Sotiriou
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institut Jules Bordet, Bd de Waterloo 121, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alain Viari
- Equipe Erable, INRIA Grenoble-Rhône-Alpes, 655, Av. de l’Europe, 38330 Montbonnot-Saint Martin, France
- Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - P. Andrew Futreal
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
- Department of Genomic Medicine, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77230
| | - Peter J Campbell
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Paul N. Span
- Department of Radiation Oncology, and department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Steven Van Laere
- Translational Cancer Research Unit, Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- The University of Queensland: UQ Centre for Clinical Research and School of Medicine, Brisbane, Australia
- Pathology Queensland, The Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jorunn E. Eyfjord
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Alastair M. Thompson
- Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler Street,Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Ewan Birney
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus,Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD
| | - Hendrik G Stunnenberg
- Radboud University, Department of Molecular Biology, Faculties of Science and Medicine, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marc J van de Vijver
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - John W.M. Martens
- Erasmus MC Cancer Institute and Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital The Norwegian Radiumhospital
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andrea L. Richardson
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Gu Kong
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gilles Thomas
- Synergie Lyon Cancer, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, Lyon Cedex 08, France
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Gangadhara S, Smith C, Barrett-Lee P, Hiscox S. 3D culture of Her2+ breast cancer cells promotes AKT to MAPK switching and a loss of therapeutic response. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:345. [PMID: 27251376 PMCID: PMC4888214 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2377-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Her2 receptor is overexpressed in up to 25 % of breast cancers and is associated with a poor prognosis. Around half of Her2+ breast cancers also express the estrogen receptor and treatment for such tumours can involve both endocrine and Her2-targeted therapies. However, despite preclinical data supporting the effectiveness of these agents, responses can vary widely in the clinical setting. In light of the increasing evidence pointing to the interplay between the tumour and its extracellular microenvironment as a significant determinant of therapeutic sensitivity and response here we investigated the impact of 3D matrix culture of breast cancer cells on their therapeutic sensitivity. METHODS A 3D Matrigel-based culture system was established and optimized for the growth of ER+/Her2+ breast cancer cell models. Growth of cells in response to trastuzumab and endocrine agents in 3D culture versus routine monolayer culture were assessed using cell counting and Ki67 staining. Endogenous and trastuzumab-modulated signalling pathway activity in 2D and 3D cultures were assessed using Western blotting. RESULTS Breast cancer cells in 3D culture displayed an attenuated response to both endocrine agents and trastuzumab compared with cells cultured in traditional 2D monolayers. Underlying this phenomenon was an apparent matrix-induced shift from AKT to MAPK signalling; consequently, suppression of MAPK in 3D cultures restores therapeutic response. CONCLUSION These data suggest that breast cancer cells in 3D culture display a reduced sensitivity to therapeutic agents which may be mediated by internal MAPK-mediated signalling. Targeting of adaptive pathways that maintain growth in 3D culture may represent an effective strategy to improve therapeutic response clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharath Gangadhara
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, CF10 3NB, Cardiff, UK.,Velindre Cancer Centre, Whitchurch Road, Cardiff, UK
| | - Chris Smith
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, CF10 3NB, Cardiff, UK.,Velindre Cancer Centre, Whitchurch Road, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Stephen Hiscox
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, CF10 3NB, Cardiff, UK.
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149
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Dennison JB, Shahmoradgoli M, Liu W, Ju Z, Meric-Bernstam F, Perou CM, Sahin AA, Welm A, Oesterreich S, Sikora MJ, Brown RE, Mills GB. High Intratumoral Stromal Content Defines Reactive Breast Cancer as a Low-risk Breast Cancer Subtype. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:5068-5078. [PMID: 27172895 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The current study evaluated associative effects of breast cancer cells with the tumor microenvironment and its influence on tumor behavior. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue and matched protein lysates were evaluated from two independent breast cancer patient datasets (TCGA and MD Anderson). Reverse-phase protein arrays (RPPA) were utilized to create a proteomics signature to define breast tumor subtypes. Expression patterns of cell lines and normal breast tissues were utilized to determine markers that were differentially expressed in stroma and cancer cells. Protein localization and stromal contents were evaluated for matched cases by imaging. RESULTS A subtype of breast cancers designated "Reactive," previously identified by RPPA that was not predicted by mRNA profiling, was extensively characterized. These tumors were primarily estrogen receptor (ER)-positive/human EGF receptor (HER)2-negative, low-risk cancers as determined by enrichment of low-grade nuclei, lobular or tubular histopathology, and the luminal A subtype by PAM50. Reactive breast cancers contained high numbers of stromal cells and the highest extracellular matrix content typically without infiltration of immune cells. For ER-positive/HER2-negative cancers, the Reactive classification predicted favorable clinical outcomes in the TCGA cohort (HR, 0.36; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS A protein stromal signature in breast cancers is associated with a highly differentiated phenotype. The stromal compartment content and proteins are an extended phenotype not predicted by mRNA expression that could be utilized to subclassify ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 22(20); 5068-78. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer B Dennison
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Maria Shahmoradgoli
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Zhenlin Ju
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Funda Meric-Bernstam
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Charles M Perou
- Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Aysegul A Sahin
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Alana Welm
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew J Sikora
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert E Brown
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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150
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Goliwas KF, Miller LM, Marshall LE, Berry JL, Frost AR. Preparation and Analysis of In Vitro Three Dimensional Breast Carcinoma Surrogates. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27214165 DOI: 10.3791/54004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Three dimensional (3D) culture is a more physiologically relevant method to model cell behavior in vitro than two dimensional culture. Carcinomas, including breast carcinomas, are complex 3D tissues composed of cancer epithelial cells and stromal components, including fibroblasts and extracellular matrix (ECM). Yet most in vitro models of breast carcinoma consist only of cancer epithelial cells, omitting the stroma and, therefore, the 3D architecture of a tumor in vivo. Appropriate 3D modeling of carcinoma is important for accurate understanding of tumor biology, behavior, and response to therapy. However, the duration of culture and volume of 3D models is limited by the availability of oxygen and nutrients within the culture. Herein, we demonstrate a method in which breast carcinoma epithelial cells and stromal fibroblasts are incorporated into ECM to generate a 3D breast cancer surrogate that includes stroma and can be cultured as a solid 3D structure or by using a perfusion bioreactor system to deliver oxygen and nutrients. Following setup and an initial growth period, surrogates can be used for preclinical drug testing. Alternatively, the cellular and matrix components of the surrogate can be modified to address a variety of biological questions. After culture, surrogates are fixed and processed to paraffin, in a manner similar to the handling of clinical breast carcinoma specimens, for evaluation of parameters of interest. The evaluation of one such parameter, the density of cells present, is explained, where ImageJ and CellProfiler image analysis software systems are applied to photomicrographs of histologic sections of surrogates to quantify the number of nucleated cells per area. This can be used as an indicator of the change in cell number over time or the change in cell number resulting from varying growth conditions and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla F Goliwas
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Lindsay M Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Lauren E Marshall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Joel L Berry
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham
| | - Andra R Frost
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham;
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