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Qu F, Wang G, Wen P, Liu X, Zeng X. Knowledge mapping of immunotherapy for breast cancer: A bibliometric analysis from 2013 to 2022. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2335728. [PMID: 38563136 PMCID: PMC10989689 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2335728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women globally. Immunotherapy has emerged as a major milestone in contemporary oncology. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis in the field of immunotherapy for breast cancer, providing a comprehensive overview of the current research status, identifying trends and hotspots in research topics. We searched and retrieved data from the Web of Science Core Collection, and performed a bibliometric analysis of publications on immunotherapy for breast cancer from 2013 to 2022. Current status and hotspots were evaluated by co-occurrence analysis using VOSviewer. Evolution and bursts of knowledge base were assessed by co-citation analysis using CiteSpace. Thematic evolution by bibliometrix package was used to discover keywords trends. The attribution and collaboration of countries/regions, institutions and authors were also explored. A total of 7,975 publications were included. In co-occurrence analysis of keywords, 6 major clusters were revealed: tumor microenvironment, prognosis biomarker, immune checkpoints, novel drug delivery methods, immune cells and therapeutic approaches. The top three most frequently mentioned keywords were tumor microenvironment, triple-negative breast cancer, and programmed cell death ligand 1. The most productive country, institution and author were the USA (2926 publications), the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (219 publications), and Sherene Loi (28 publications), respectively. There has been a rapid growth in studies on immunotherapy for breast cancer worldwide. This research area has gained increasing attention from different countries and institutions. With the rising incidence of breast cancer, immunotherapy represents a research field of significant clinical value and potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanli Qu
- Department of Breast Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Guanwen Wang
- Department of Breast Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Wen
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Breast Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohua Zeng
- Department of Breast Cancer Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Intelligent Oncology in Breast Cancer (iCQBC), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
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2
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Wang X, Deng X, Hu J, Zheng W, Ye D, Zhou X, Fang L. K48-linked deubiquitination of VGLL4 by USP15 enhances the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216764. [PMID: 38431034 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy based on PD-1/PD-L1 antagonists has been demonstrated to be efficacious in inducing tumor remission in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, tumor immune evasion caused by the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway inhibits the immunotherapeutic effect of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors against TNBC. Therefore, identifying potential targets for blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is a compelling strategy for TNBC treatment. Here, we discovered that VGLL4 could inhibit PD-L1 transcription by suppressing STAT3 activation, thereby enhancing the efficacy of anti-PD-1 antibody immunotherapy in TNBC. Low expression of USP15, a deubiquitinating enzyme of VGLL4, was associated with reduced CD8+ T cell infiltration and poor prognosis in TNBC patients. USP15 was found to inhibit PD-L1 transcription, leading to increased CD8+ T cell infiltration and thus enhancing the efficacy of TNBC immunotherapy. Furthermore, SART3 regulated VGLL4 stability and PD-L1 transcription by influencing the nuclear translocation of USP15. In conclusion, our study provides new insights into the biological regulation of PD-L1, identifies a previously unrecognized regulator of this critical immune checkpoint, and highlights potential therapeutic targets for overcoming immune evasion in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China; Institute of Breast Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, China
| | - Xiaochong Deng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jiashu Hu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China; Institute of Breast Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, China
| | - Wenfang Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Danrong Ye
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xiqian Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Lin Fang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China; Institute of Breast Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, China.
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Wang X, O'Regan RM. Breast cancer therapy in China: Introducing the Special Collection. Cancer 2024; 130:1368-1370. [PMID: 38525946 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
This special issue indirectly reflects the medical level and research hotspots of breast cancer experts in China in recent years as well as the treatment level and disease outcome of patients with breast cancer in China, allowing readers to appreciate the achievements made in the field of breast cancer in China in recent years and to identify the gaps in the international field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology (Breast Cancer), Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yiwu Hospital, Affiliated to Hangzhou Medical College, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruth M O'Regan
- Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
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Viana PHL, Schvarcz CA, Danics LO, Besztercei B, Aloss K, Bokhari SMZ, Giunashvili N, Bócsi D, Koós Z, Benyó Z, Hamar P. Heat shock factor 1 inhibition enhances the effects of modulated electro hyperthermia in a triple negative breast cancer mouse model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8241. [PMID: 38589452 PMCID: PMC11002009 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57659-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Female breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer worldwide. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive type and there is no existing endocrine or targeted therapy. Modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) is a non-invasive complementary cancer therapy using an electromagnetic field generated by amplitude modulated 13.56 MHz frequency that induces tumor cell destruction. However, we have demonstrated a strong induction of the heat shock response (HSR) by mEHT, which can result in thermotolerance. We hypothesized that inhibition of the heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) can synergize with mEHT and enhance tumor cell-killing. Thus, we either knocked down the HSF1 gene with a CRISPR/Cas9 lentiviral construct or inhibited HSF1 with a specific small molecule inhibitor: KRIBB11 in vivo. Wild type or HSF1-knockdown 4T1 TNBC cells were inoculated into the mammary gland's fat pad of BALB/c mice. Four mEHT treatments were performed every second day and the tumor growth was followed by ultrasound and caliper. KRIBB11 was administrated intraperitoneally at 50 mg/kg daily for 8 days. HSF1 and Hsp70 expression were assessed. HSF1 knockdown sensitized transduced cancer cells to mEHT and reduced tumor growth. HSF1 mRNA expression was significantly reduced in the KO group when compared to the empty vector group, and consequently mEHT-induced Hsp70 mRNA upregulation diminished in the KO group. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) confirmed the inhibition of Hsp70 upregulation in mEHT HSF1-KO group. Demonstrating the translational potential of HSF1 inhibition, combined therapy of mEHT with KRIBB11 significantly reduced tumor mass compared to either monotherapy. Inhibition of Hsp70 upregulation by mEHT was also supported by qPCR and IHC. In conclusion, we suggest that mEHT-therapy combined with HSF1 inhibition can be a possible new strategy of TNBC treatment with great translational potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H L Viana
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Utca 37-47, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Csaba A Schvarcz
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Utca 37-47, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- HUN-REN-SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research Group, Tűzoltó Utca 37-47, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Lea O Danics
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Utca 37-47, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Balázs Besztercei
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Utca 37-47, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Kenan Aloss
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Utca 37-47, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Syeda M Z Bokhari
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Utca 37-47, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Nino Giunashvili
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Utca 37-47, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Dániel Bócsi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Utca 37-47, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Koós
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Utca 37-47, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Utca 37-47, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- HUN-REN-SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research Group, Tűzoltó Utca 37-47, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Péter Hamar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó Utca 37-47, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.
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Agarwal P, Yellala A, Asif S, Shostrom VK, Kesireddy M. CLO24-082: A National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) Analysis of Prognostic Factors in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2024; 22:CLO24-082. [PMID: 38579879 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2023.7163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Samia Asif
- 1University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
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Dong J, Kong L, Wang S, Xia M, Zhang Y, Wu J, Yang F, Zuo S, Wei J. Oncolytic adenovirus encoding apolipoprotein A1 suppresses metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer in mice. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:102. [PMID: 38566092 PMCID: PMC10988920 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism is associated with the metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) is widely recognized for its pivotal role in regulating cholesterol efflux and maintaining cellular cholesterol homeostasis. However, further exploration is needed to determine whether it inhibits TNBC metastasis by affecting cholesterol metabolism. Additionally, it is necessary to investigate whether ApoA1-based oncolytic virus therapy can be used to treat TNBC. METHODS In vitro experiments and mouse breast cancer models were utilized to evaluate the molecular mechanism of ApoA1 in regulating cholesterol efflux and inhibiting breast cancer progression and metastasis. The gene encoding ApoA1 was inserted into the adenovirus genome to construct a recombinant adenovirus (ADV-ApoA1). Subsequently, the efficacy of ADV-ApoA1 in inhibiting the growth and metastasis of TNBC was evaluated in several mouse models, including orthotopic breast cancer, spontaneous breast cancer, and human xenografts. In addition, a comprehensive safety assessment of Syrian hamsters and rhesus monkeys injected with oncolytic adenovirus was conducted. RESULTS This study found that dysregulation of cholesterol homeostasis is critical for the progression and metastasis of TNBC. In a mouse orthotopic model of TNBC, a high-cholesterol diet promoted lung and liver metastasis, which was associated with keratin 14 (KRT14), a protein responsible for TNBC metastasis. Furthermore, studies have shown that ApoA1, a cholesterol reverse transporter, inhibits TNBC metastasis by regulating the cholesterol/IKBKB/FOXO3a/KRT14 axis. Moreover, ADV-ApoA1 was found to promote cholesterol efflux, inhibit tumor growth, reduce lung metastasis, and prolonged the survival of mice with TNBC. Importantly, high doses of ADV-ApoA1 administered intravenously and subcutaneously were well tolerated in rhesus monkeys and Syrian hamsters. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a promising oncolytic virus treatment strategy for TNBC based on targeting dysregulated cholesterol metabolism. It also establishes a basis for subsequent clinical trials of ADV-ApoA1 in the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, P.R. China
| | - Lingkai Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, P.R. China
| | - Shiqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, P.R. China
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mao Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yenan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, P.R. China
| | - Jingyi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, P.R. China
| | - Fuming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, P.R. China.
| | - Shuguang Zuo
- Liuzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Application, Affiliated Liutie Central Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China.
| | - Jiwu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, P.R. China.
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Leon-Ferre RA, Jonas SF, Salgado R, Loi S, de Jong V, Carter JM, Nielsen TO, Leung S, Riaz N, Chia S, Jules-Clément G, Curigliano G, Criscitiello C, Cockenpot V, Lambertini M, Suman VJ, Linderholm B, Martens JWM, van Deurzen CHM, Timmermans AM, Shimoi T, Yazaki S, Yoshida M, Kim SB, Lee HJ, Dieci MV, Bataillon G, Vincent-Salomon A, André F, Kok M, Linn SC, Goetz MP, Michiels S. Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. JAMA 2024; 331:1135-1144. [PMID: 38563834 PMCID: PMC10988354 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2024.3056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Importance The association of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) abundance in breast cancer tissue with cancer recurrence and death in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) who are not treated with adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy is unclear. Objective To study the association of TIL abundance in breast cancer tissue with survival among patients with early-stage TNBC who were treated with locoregional therapy but no chemotherapy. Design, Setting, and Participants Retrospective pooled analysis of individual patient-level data from 13 participating centers in North America (Rochester, Minnesota; Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada), Europe (Paris, Lyon, and Villejuif, France; Amsterdam and Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Milan, Padova, and Genova, Italy; Gothenburg, Sweden), and Asia (Tokyo, Japan; Seoul, Korea), including 1966 participants diagnosed with TNBC between 1979 and 2017 (with follow-up until September 27, 2021) who received treatment with surgery with or without radiotherapy but no adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Exposure TIL abundance in breast tissue from resected primary tumors. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was invasive disease-free survival [iDFS]. Secondary outcomes were recurrence-free survival [RFS], survival free of distant recurrence [distant RFS, DRFS], and overall survival. Associations were assessed using a multivariable Cox model stratified by participating center. Results This study included 1966 patients with TNBC (median age, 56 years [IQR, 39-71]; 55% had stage I TNBC). The median TIL level was 15% (IQR, 5%-40%). Four-hundred seventeen (21%) had a TIL level of 50% or more (median age, 41 years [IQR, 36-63]), and 1300 (66%) had a TIL level of less than 30% (median age, 59 years [IQR, 41-72]). Five-year DRFS for stage I TNBC was 94% (95% CI, 91%-96%) for patients with a TIL level of 50% or more, compared with 78% (95% CI, 75%-80%) for those with a TIL level of less than 30%; 5-year overall survival was 95% (95% CI, 92%-97%) for patients with a TIL level of 50% or more, compared with 82% (95% CI, 79%-84%) for those with a TIL level of less than 30%. At a median follow-up of 18 years, and after adjusting for age, tumor size, nodal status, histological grade, and receipt of radiotherapy, each 10% higher TIL increment was associated independently with improved iDFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.92 [0.89-0.94]), RFS (HR, 0.90 [0.87-0.92]), DRFS (HR, 0.87 [0.84-0.90]), and overall survival (0.88 [0.85-0.91]) (likelihood ratio test, P < 10e-6). Conclusions and Relevance In patients with early-stage TNBC who did not undergo adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy, breast cancer tissue with a higher abundance of TIL levels was associated with significantly better survival. These results suggest that breast tissue TIL abundance is a prognostic factor for patients with early-stage TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Flora Jonas
- Office of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Gustave Roussy, Oncostat U1018, Inserm, University Paris-Saclay, labeled Ligue Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Roberto Salgado
- GZA-ZNA-Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
- Peter Mac Callum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sherene Loi
- Peter Mac Callum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vincent de Jong
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jodi M. Carter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Samuel Leung
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nazia Riaz
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephen Chia
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gérôme Jules-Clément
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm US23, CNRS UMS 3655, Villejuif, France
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmen Criscitiello
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, IEO, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Lambertini
- Department of Medical Oncology, U.O. Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI), School of Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Vera J. Suman
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Barbro Linderholm
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital, and Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | - Shu Yazaki
- National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Sung-Bae Kim
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Lee
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Maria Vittoria Dieci
- Department of Surgery, Oncology, and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV—IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Fabrice André
- Office of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Gustave Roussy, Oncostat U1018, Inserm, University Paris-Saclay, labeled Ligue Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Marleen Kok
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine C. Linn
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Stefan Michiels
- Office of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Gustave Roussy, Oncostat U1018, Inserm, University Paris-Saclay, labeled Ligue Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
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Pagani A, Duscher D, Geis S, Klein S, Knoedler L, Panayi AC, Oliinyk D, Felthaus O, Prantl L. The Triple Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosome Technology as a Potential Tool for Treating Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cells 2024; 13:614. [PMID: 38607053 PMCID: PMC11011929 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles are pivotal mediators in intercellular communication, facilitating the exchange of biological information among healthy, pathological and tumor cells. Between the diverse subtypes of extracellular vesicles, exosomes have unique properties and clinical and therapeutical applications. Breast cancer ranks as one of the most prevalent malignancies across the globe. Both the tumor core and its surrounding microenvironment engage in a complex, orchestrated interaction that facilitates cancer's growth and spread. METHODS The most significant PubMed literature about extracellular vesicles and Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes and breast cancer was selected in order to report their biological properties and potential applications, in particular in treating triple-negative breast cancer. RESULTS Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes represent a potential tool in targeting triple-negative breast cancer cells at three main levels: the tumor core, the tumor microenvironment and surrounding tissues, including metastases. CONCLUSIONS The possibility of impacting triple-negative breast cancer cells with engineered Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes is real. The opportunity to translate our current in vitro analyses into a future in vivo scenario is even more challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pagani
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (S.K.); (O.F.); (L.P.)
| | - Dominik Duscher
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (S.K.); (O.F.); (L.P.)
| | - Sebastian Geis
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (S.K.); (O.F.); (L.P.)
| | - Silvan Klein
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (S.K.); (O.F.); (L.P.)
| | - Leonard Knoedler
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (S.K.); (O.F.); (L.P.)
| | - Adriana C. Panayi
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Klinik Ludwigshafen, University of Heidelberg, Ludwig-Guttmann-Straße 13, 67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Dmytro Oliinyk
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (S.K.); (O.F.); (L.P.)
| | - Oliver Felthaus
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (S.K.); (O.F.); (L.P.)
| | - Lukas Prantl
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany (S.K.); (O.F.); (L.P.)
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Nurlaila I, Pambudi S. The evolvement of breast cancer therapies: What we have done and where all these head off. Saudi Med J 2024; 45:331-340. [PMID: 38657992 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2024.45.4.20230492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Although, from a therapeutic standpoint, breast cancer (BC) is considerably well-characterized, it still leaves puzzling spots. The Her-2+/PR+/ER+ BC can benefit from the mainstays of anticancer therapy and immunotherapy and overall have a better prognosis. Triple-negative BC, due to the concomitant absence of Her-2/PR/ER receptors, is more challenging and necessitates different strategies. It has been learned that the mainstay anti-BC therapies were initially designed to demolish as many cancer cells as they possibly could. However, the number of reports on the adverse effects of these mainstay therapies has recently been increasing. It underpins efforts to reshape such therapies into much better and safer forms over time. Moreover, some current findings on the molecular markers, which are target-potential, have also shifted the paradigm from radical-to-local-yet-precise-approach to meet the need for a therapy platform that is less cytotoxic to normal cells yet efficiently kills cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ika Nurlaila
- From the Department of Vaccine and Drugs, The National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Banten, Indonesia
| | - Sabar Pambudi
- From the Department of Vaccine and Drugs, The National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Banten, Indonesia
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10
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Giunashvili N, Thomas JM, Schvarcz CA, Viana PHL, Aloss K, Bokhari SMZ, Koós Z, Bócsi D, Major E, Balogh A, Benyó Z, Hamar P. Enhancing therapeutic efficacy in triple-negative breast cancer and melanoma: synergistic effects of modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) with NSAIDs especially COX-2 inhibition in in vivo models. Mol Oncol 2024; 18:1012-1030. [PMID: 38217262 PMCID: PMC10994232 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality and lacks modern therapy options. Modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) is an adjuvant therapy with demonstrated clinical efficacy for the treatment of various cancer types. In this study, we report that mEHT monotherapy stimulated interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression, and consequently cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), which may favor a cancer-promoting tumor microenvironment. Thus, we combined mEHT with nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): a nonselective aspirin, or the selective COX-2 inhibitor SC236, in vivo. We demonstrate that NSAIDs synergistically increased the effect of mEHT in the 4T1 TNBC model. Moreover, the strongest tumor destruction ratio was observed in the combination SC236 + mEHT groups. Tumor damage was accompanied by a significant increase in cleaved caspase-3, suggesting that apoptosis played an important role. IL-1β and COX-2 expression were significantly reduced by the combination therapies. In addition, a custom-made nanostring panel demonstrated significant upregulation of genes participating in the formation of the extracellular matrix. Similarly, in the B16F10 melanoma model, mEHT and aspirin synergistically reduced the number of melanoma nodules in the lungs. In conclusion, mEHT combined with a selective COX-2 inhibitor may offer a new therapeutic option in TNBC.
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Grants
- STIA-OTKA-2022 Semmelweis Science and Innovation Fund
- OTKA_ANN 110810 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office
- OTKA_SNN 114619 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office
- ÚNKP-23-3-II-SE-45 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office
- ÚNKP-23-4-I-SE-22 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office
- OTKA_K 145998 National Research, Development, and Innovation Office
- Tempus Foundation
- EFOP-3.6.3-VEKOP-16-2017-00009 Semmelweis Excellence 250+ Scholarship
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Affiliation(s)
- Nino Giunashvili
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | | | - Csaba András Schvarcz
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- HUN‐REN‐SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research GroupBudapestHungary
| | | | - Kenan Aloss
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | | | - Zoltán Koós
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Dániel Bócsi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Enikő Major
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- HUN‐REN‐SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research GroupBudapestHungary
| | - Andrea Balogh
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- HUN‐REN‐SU Cerebrovascular and Neurocognitive Diseases Research GroupBudapestHungary
| | - Péter Hamar
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
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11
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Shin SC, Vickman RE, Filimon B, Yang Y, Hu Z, Mangold KA, Prabhakar BS, Schreiber H, Xu W. The safety and efficacy of systemic delivery of a new liver-de-targeted TGFβ signaling inhibiting adenovirus in an immunocompetent triple negative mouse mammary tumor model. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:574-585. [PMID: 38267626 PMCID: PMC11016465 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Aberrant TGFβ signaling is linked to metastasis and tumor immune escape of many cancers including metastatic triple negative breast cancer (mTNBC). Previously, we have found that oncolytic adenoviruses expressing a TGFβ signaling inhibitory protein (sTGFβRIIFc) induced immune activation in a mouse TNBC (4T1) immunocompetent subcutaneous model with intratumoral injection. Systemic administration of adenoviruses can be a superior route to treat mTNBC but faces the challenges of increased toxicity and viral clearance. Thus, we created a liver-de-targeted sTGFβRIIFc- and LyP-1 peptide-expressing adenovirus (mHAdLyp.sT) with enhanced breast cancer cell tropism. Its safety and immune response features were profiled in the 4T1 model. Our data showed that the systemic administration of mHAdLyp.sT resulted in reduced hepatic and systemic toxicity. mHAdLyp.sT was also effective in increasing Th1 cytokines and anti-tumor cell populations by cytokine analysis, spleen/tumor qRT-PCR, and flow cytometry. We further tested the therapeutic effects of mHAdLyp.sT alone and in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). mHAdLyp.sT alone and with all ICI combinations elicited significant inhibition of lung metastasis by histological analysis. When mHAdLyp.sT was combined with both anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies, primary 4T1 tumor growth was also significantly inhibited. We are confident in advancing this new treatment option for mTNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Cheon Shin
- Cancer Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, an Academic Affiliate of the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Endeavor Health Medical Group, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Renee E Vickman
- Center for Personalized Cancer Care, Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, an Academic Affiliate of the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Endeavor Health Medical Group, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Beniamin Filimon
- Cancer Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, an Academic Affiliate of the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Endeavor Health Medical Group, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Yuefeng Yang
- Cancer Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, an Academic Affiliate of the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Endeavor Health Medical Group, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Experimental Medical Science and Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Zebin Hu
- Cancer Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, an Academic Affiliate of the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Endeavor Health Medical Group, Evanston, IL, USA
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Kathy A Mangold
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Endeavor Health Medical Group, Evanston, IL, USA
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bellur S Prabhakar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hans Schreiber
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Weidong Xu
- Cancer Gene Therapy Program, Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, an Academic Affiliate of the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Endeavor Health Medical Group, Evanston, IL, USA.
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12
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Saleh RO, Ibrahim FM, Pallathadka H, Kaur I, Ahmad I, Ali SHJ, Redhee AH, Ghildiyal P, Jawad MA, Alsaadi SB. Nucleic acid vaccines-based therapy for triple-negative breast cancer: A new paradigm in tumor immunotherapy arena. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3992. [PMID: 38551221 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Nucleic acid vaccines (NAVs) have the potential to be economical, safe, and efficacious. Furthermore, just the chosen antigen in the pathogen is the target of the immune responses brought on by NAVs. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment shows great promise for nucleic acid-based vaccines, such as DNA (as plasmids) and RNA (as messenger RNA [mRNA]). Moreover, cancer vaccines offer a compelling approach that can elicit targeted and long-lasting immune responses against tumor antigens. Bacterial plasmids that encode antigens and immunostimulatory molecules serve as the foundation for DNA vaccines. In the 1990s, plasmid DNA encoding the influenza A nucleoprotein triggered a protective and targeted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response, marking the first instance of DNA vaccine-mediated immunity. Similarly, in vitro transcribed mRNA was first successfully used in animals in 1990. At that point, mice were given an injection of the gene encoding the mRNA sequence, and the researchers saw the production of a protein. We begin this review by summarizing our existing knowledge of NAVs. Next, we addressed NAV delivery, emphasizing the need to increase efficacy in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed Obaid Saleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq
| | - Fatma M Ibrahim
- Community Health Nursing, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE
- Geriatric Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Irwanjot Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Hayif Jasim Ali
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Health and Medical Technololgy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Huseen Redhee
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Pallavi Ghildiyal
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | | | - Salim B Alsaadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Al-Hadi University College, Baghdad, Iraq
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13
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Conte B, Brasó-Maristany F, Hernández AR, Pascual T, Villacampa G, Schettini F, Vidal Losada MJ, Seguí E, Angelats L, Garcia-Fructuoso I, Gómez-Bravo R, Lorman-Carbó N, Paré L, Marín-Aguilera M, Martínez-Sáez O, Adamo B, Sanfeliu E, Fratini B, Falato C, Chic N, Vivancos A, Villagrasa P, Staaf J, Parker JS, Perou CM, Prat A. A 14-gene B-cell immune signature in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC): a pooled analysis of seven studies. EBioMedicine 2024; 102:105043. [PMID: 38447275 PMCID: PMC10924177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) displays clinical and biological diversity. From a biological standpoint, immune infiltration plays a crucial role in TNBC prognosis. Currently, there is a lack of genomic tools aiding in treatment decisions for TNBC. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a B-cell/immunoglobulin signature (IGG) alone, or in combination with tumor burden, in predicting prognosis and treatment response in patients with TNBC. METHODS Genomic and clinical data were retrieved from 7 cohorts: SCAN-B (N = 874), BrighTNess (n = 482), CALGB-40603 (n = 389), METABRIC (n = 267), TCGA (n = 118), GSE58812 (n = 107), GSE21653 (n = 67). IGG and a risk score integrating IGG with tumor/nodal staging (IGG-Clin) were assessed for event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in each cohort. Random effects model was used to derive pooled effect sizes. Association of IGG with pathological complete response (pCR) was assessed in CALGB-40603 and BrighTNess. Immune significance of IGG was estimated through CIBERSORTx and EcoTyper. FINDINGS IGG was associated with improved EFS (pooled HR = 0.77, [95% CI = 0.70-0.85], I2 = 18%) and OS (pooled HR = 0.79, [0.73-0.85], I2 = 0%) across cohorts, and was predictive of pCR in CALGB-40603 (OR 1.25, [1.10-1.50]) and BrighTNess (OR 1.57 [1.25-1.98]). IGG-Clin was predictive of recurrence (pooled HR = 2.11, [1.75-2.55], I2 = 0%) and death (pooled HR = 1.99, 95% [0.84-4.73], I2 = 79%) across cohorts. IGG was associated with adaptive immune response at CIBERSORTx and EcoTyper analysis. INTERPRETATION IGG is linked to improved prognosis and pCR in early-stage TNBC. The integration of IGG alongside tumor and nodal staging holds promise as an approach to identify patients benefitting from intensified or de-intensified treatments. FUNDING This study received funding from: Associació Beca Marta Santamaria, European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation and Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions programs, Fundación FERO, Fundación CRIS contra el cáncer, Agència de Gestó d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fundación Contigo, Asociación Cáncer de Mama Metastásico IV, Breast Cancer Research Foundation, RESCUER, Fundación científica AECC and FSEOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Conte
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Institute and Blood Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fara Brasó-Maristany
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Institute and Blood Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Reveal Genomics, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adela Rodríguez Hernández
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Institute and Blood Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tomás Pascual
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Institute and Blood Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; SOLTI Cooperative Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillermo Villacampa
- Reveal Genomics, Barcelona, Spain; SOLTI Cooperative Group, Barcelona, Spain; Oncology Data Science, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesco Schettini
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Institute and Blood Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria J Vidal Losada
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Institute and Blood Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; SOLTI Cooperative Group, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Oncology (IOB)-Hospital QuirónSalud, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elia Seguí
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Institute and Blood Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; SOLTI Cooperative Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Angelats
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Institute and Blood Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Garcia-Fructuoso
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Institute and Blood Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Gómez-Bravo
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Institute and Blood Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natàlia Lorman-Carbó
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Olga Martínez-Sáez
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Institute and Blood Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Barbara Adamo
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Institute and Blood Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Sanfeliu
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Pathology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatrice Fratini
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudette Falato
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; SOLTI Cooperative Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Chic
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Institute and Blood Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Vivancos
- Reveal Genomics, Barcelona, Spain; Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Cancer Genomics Group, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Johan Staaf
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Joel S Parker
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Charles M Perou
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Aleix Prat
- Translational Genomics and Targeted Therapies in Solid Tumors Group, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Cancer Institute and Blood Diseases, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Reveal Genomics, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Oncology (IOB)-Hospital QuirónSalud, Barcelona, Spain.
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14
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Sanno H, Taniguchi K, Yoshimoto Y, Saji S. Treatment patterns, healthcare resource utilization and outcomes for early stage triple-negative breast cancer in Japan. Future Oncol 2024; 20:833-849. [PMID: 38305038 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: There is limited information regarding the treatment and outcomes of early stage triple-negative breast cancer (esTNBC) in real-world settings in Japan. Materials & methods: Retrospective analyses of the Medical Data Vision database assessed treatment patterns, healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), patient characteristics, outcomes and prognostic factors among four groups (neoadjuvant therapy+surgery+adjuvant therapy; neoadjuvant therapy+surgery; surgery+adjuvant therapy; surgery only) of esTNBC patients. Results: Treatment patterns, HCRU and demographics varied among the four groups. HCRU was greater and prognosis tended to be worse in the neoadjuvant+surgery+adjuvant therapy group. Conclusion: Our results provide insights into the treatment practices, HCRU and prognosis of esTNBC in Japan. The treatment practices were heterogeneous, reflecting the decision-making process in Japan during the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Sanno
- MSD K.K., Tokyo, Kitanomaru Square, 1-13-12 Kudan-kita, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8667, Japan
| | - Kazuko Taniguchi
- MSD K.K., Tokyo, Kitanomaru Square, 1-13-12 Kudan-kita, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8667, Japan
| | - Yuya Yoshimoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Shigehira Saji
- Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
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15
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Wang R, Li G, Gao F, Xu F, Li X, Zhang J, Li J, Guan X. Ultrasound-responsive spherical nucleic acid against c-Myc/PD-L1 to enhance anti-tumoral macrophages in triple-negative breast cancer progression. Sci China Life Sci 2024; 67:698-710. [PMID: 38151609 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2433-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most challenging breast cancer subtype because of its aggressive behavior and limited therapeutic targets. c-Myc is hyperactivated in the majority of TNBC tissues, however, it has been considered an "undruggable" target due to its disordered structure. Herein, we developed an ultrasound-responsive spherical nucleic acid (SNA) against c-Myc and PD-L1 in TNBC. It is a self-assembled and carrier-free system composed of a hydrophilic small-interfering RNA (siRNA) shell and a hydrophobic core made of a peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-based antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) and a sonosensitizer. We accomplished significant enrichment in the tumor by enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, the controllable release of effective elements by ultrasound activation, and the combination of targeted therapy, immunotherapy and physiotherapy. Our study demonstrated significant anti-tumoral effects in vitro and in vivo. Mass cytometry showed an invigorated tumor microenvironment (TME) characterized by a significant alteration in the composition of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and decreased proportion of PD-1-positive (PD-1+) T effector cells after appropriate treatment of the ultrasound-responsive SNA (USNA). Further experiments verified that tumor-conditioned macrophages residing in the TME were transformed into the anti-tumoral population. Our finding offers a novel therapeutic strategy against the "undruggable" c-Myc, develops a new targeted therapy for c-Myc/PD-L1 and provides a treatment option for the TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runtian Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Gaigai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fangyan Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xintong Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Jinbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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16
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Zhao Y, Li Y, He J, Li M, Yao X, Yang H, Luo Z, Luo P, Su M. Nanointegrative Glycoengineering-Activated Necroptosis of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Stem Cells Enables Self-Amplifiable Immunotherapy for Systemic Tumor Rejection. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303337. [PMID: 38154036 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer stem cells (TCSCs) are considered as the origin of recurrence and relapse. It is difficult to kill not only for its resistance, but also the lacking of targetable molecules on membrane. Here, it is confirmed that ST6 β-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 1 (ST6Gal-1) is highly expressed in TCSCs that may be the key enzyme involved in glycoengineering via sialic acid (SA) metabolism. SA co-localizes with a microdomain on cell membrane termed as lipid rafts that enrich CSCs marker and necroptosis proteins mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), suggesting that TCSCs may be sensitive to necroptosis. Thus, the triacetylated N-azidoacetyl-d-mannosamine (Ac3ManNAz) is synthesized as the glycoengineering substrate and applied to introduce artificial azido receptors, dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)-modified liposome is used to deliver Compound 6i (C6), a receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1(RIPL1)-RIP3K-mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein(MLKL) activator, to induce necroptosis. The pro-necroptosis effect is aggravated by nitric oxide (NO), which is released from NO-depot of cholesterol-NO integrated in DBCO-PEG-liposome@NO/C6 (DLip@NO/C6). Together with the immunogenicity of necroptosis that releases high mobility group box 1(HMGB1) of damage-associated molecular patterns, TCSCs are significantly killed in vitro and in vivo. The results suggest a promising strategy to improve the therapeutic effect on the non-targetable TCSCs with high expression of ST6Gal-1 via combination of glycoengineering and necroptosis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youbo Zhao
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Key Laboratory for Autoimmune Disease Research of Guizhou Province Education Department. School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Li
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Jing He
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Menghuan Li
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Yao
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Huocheng Yang
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Luo
- School of Life Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P. R. China
| | - Peng Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, P. R. China
| | - Min Su
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Key Laboratory for Autoimmune Disease Research of Guizhou Province Education Department. School of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China
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17
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Yu X, Li X, Chen Q, Wang S, Xu R, He Y, Qin X, Zhang J, Yang W, Shi L, Lu L, Zheng Y, Pang Z, Peng S. High Intensity Focused Ultrasound-Driven Nanomotor for Effective Ferroptosis-Immunotherapy of TNBC. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2305546. [PMID: 38342612 PMCID: PMC11022700 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The heterogeneity of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) remains challenging for various treatments. Ferroptosis, a recently identified form of cell death resulting from the unrestrained peroxidation of phospholipids, represents a potential vulnerability in TNBC. In this study, a high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)-driven nanomotor is developed for effective therapy of TNBC through induction of ferroptosis. Through bioinformatics analysis of typical ferroptosis-associated genes in the FUSCCTNBC dataset, gambogic acid is identified as a promising ferroptosis drug and loaded it into the nanomotor. It is found that the rapid motion of nanomotors propelled by HIFU significantly enhanced tumor accumulation and penetration. More importantly, HIFU not only actuated nanomotors to trigger effective ferroptosis of TNBC cells, but also drove nanomotors to activate ferroptosis-mediated antitumor immunity in primary and metastatic TNBC models, resulting in effective tumor regression and prevention of metastases. Overall, HIFU-driven nanomotors show great potential for ferroptosis-immunotherapy of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University)ZhuhaiGuangdong519000P. R. China
| | - Xuejing Li
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, School of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghai201203P.R. China
| | - Qingwang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome InstituteFudan University2005 Songhu RoadShanghai200438P.R. China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, School of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghai201203P.R. China
| | - Ruizhe Xu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, School of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghai201203P.R. China
| | - Ying He
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, School of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghai201203P.R. China
| | - Xifeng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, School of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghai201203P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyFudan University12 Wulumuqi Middle RoadShanghai200040China
| | - Wuli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers & Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Leming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome InstituteFudan University2005 Songhu RoadShanghai200438P.R. China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University)ZhuhaiGuangdong519000P. R. China
| | - Yuanting Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome InstituteFudan University2005 Songhu RoadShanghai200438P.R. China
| | - Zhiqing Pang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, School of PharmacyFudan UniversityShanghai201203P.R. China
| | - Shaojun Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University)ZhuhaiGuangdong519000P. R. China
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18
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Kashyap D, Salman H. Targeting Interleukin-13 Receptor α2 and EphA2 in Aggressive Breast Cancer Subtypes with Special References to Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3780. [PMID: 38612592 PMCID: PMC11011362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCA) remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. This review delves into the therapeutic challenges of BCA, emphasizing the roles of interleukin-13 receptor α2 (IL-13Rα2) and erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor A2 (EphA2) in tumor progression and resistance. Highlighting their overexpression in BCA, particularly in aggressive subtypes, such as Her-2-enriched and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), we discuss the potential of these receptors as targets for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies. We examine the structural and functional roles of IL-13Rα2 and EphA2, their pathological significance in BCA, and the promising therapeutic avenues their targeting presents. With an in-depth analysis of current immunotherapeutic strategies, including the limitations of existing treatments and the potential of dual antigen-targeting CAR T-cell therapies, this review aims to summarize potential future novel, more effective therapeutic interventions for BCA. Through a thorough examination of preclinical and clinical studies, it underlines the urgent need for targeted therapies in combating the high mortality rates associated with Her-2-enriched and TNBC subtypes and discusses the potential role of IL-13Rα2 and EphA2 as promising candidates for the development of CAR T-cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huda Salman
- Brown Center for Immunotherapy, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
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19
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Society of Breast Cancer China Anti⁃Cancer Association, International Medical Exchange Society, Chinese Anti⁃Cancer Association. [Guidelines for clinical diagnosis and treatment of advanced triple negative breast cancer in China(2024 edition)]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2024; 46:1-11. [PMID: 38527739 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20240118-00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer ranks as the most common female malignancy worldwide. Data from GLOBOCAN 2020 showed that breast cancer surpassed lung cancer and become the leading malignancy globally which was a serious threat to women's health. Different from Caucasian, there is a lower prevalence of breast cancer in Chinese women. But the age-standardized incidence rate of breast cancer in China has reached to 39.1 per 100,000 in 2020, with 416,000 new cases, accounting for 18.4% of global breast cancer burden, due to multiple factors such as lifestyle and dietary habits changes in recent years[1]. The treatment and prevention of breast cancer are becoming increasingly a tuff task. In addition, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype with higher malignancy and worse prognosis. Due to lack of specific therapeutic targets, less treatment progress has been made in recent years. There is even less progress in the therapy of advanced TNBC, but huge unmet needs exist for further therapeutic optimization. Echoing advocacy from The Society of Breast Cancer China Anti-Cancer Association; International Medical Exchange Society, Chinese Anti-Cancer Association; Breast Cancer Group, Branch of Oncologist, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, top experts from multidisciplinary departments of breast cancer in China have consensus on this "Guidelines for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in China (2024 Edition)" according to the latest evidence based updates. We hope this pater can guide or optimize the precise therapeutic decision-making for advanced triple-negative breast cancer in China.
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20
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Ciavattone NG, Guan N, Farfel A, Stauff J, Desmond T, Viglianti BL, Scott PJ, Brooks AF, Luker GD. Evaluating immunotherapeutic outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer with a cholesterol radiotracer in mice. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e175320. [PMID: 38502228 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.175320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Evaluating the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains an unmet challenge in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The requirement for cholesterol in the activation and function of T cells led us to hypothesize that quantifying cellular accumulation of this molecule could distinguish successful from ineffective checkpoint immunotherapy. To analyze accumulation of cholesterol by T cells in the immune microenvironment of breast cancer, we leveraged the PET radiotracer, eFNP-59. eFNP-59 is an analog of cholesterol that our group validated as an imaging biomarker for cholesterol uptake in preclinical models and initial human studies. In immunocompetent mouse models of TNBC, we found that elevated uptake of exogenous labeled cholesterol analogs functions as a marker for T cell activation. When comparing ICI-responsive and -nonresponsive tumors directly, uptake of fluorescent cholesterol and eFNP-59 increased in T cells from ICI-responsive tumors. We discovered that accumulation of cholesterol by T cells increased in ICI-responding tumors that received anti-PD-1 checkpoint immunotherapy. In patients with TNBC, tumors containing cycling T cells had features of cholesterol uptake and trafficking within those populations. These results suggest that uptake of exogenous cholesterol analogs by tumor-infiltrating T cells allows detection of T cell activation and has potential to assess the success of ICI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gary D Luker
- Department of Radiology, and
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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21
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Li Y, Zhang S, Liu C, Deng J, Tian F, Feng Q, Qin L, Bai L, Fu T, Zhang L, Wang Y, Sun J. Thermophoretic glycan profiling of extracellular vesicles for triple-negative breast cancer management. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2292. [PMID: 38480740 PMCID: PMC10937950 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46557-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly metastatic and heterogeneous type of breast cancer with poor outcomes. Precise, non-invasive methods for diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis of TNBC are particularly challenging due to a paucity of TNBC biomarkers. Glycans on extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold the promise as valuable biomarkers, but conventional methods for glycan analysis are not feasible in clinical practice. Here, we report that a lectin-based thermophoretic assay (EVLET) streamlines vibrating membrane filtration (VMF) and thermophoretic amplification, allowing for rapid, sensitive, selective and cost-effective EV glycan profiling in TNBC plasma. A pilot cohort study shows that the EV glycan signature reaches 91% accuracy for TNBC detection and 96% accuracy for longitudinal monitoring of TNBC therapeutic response. Moreover, we demonstrate the potential of EV glycan signature for predicting TNBC progression. Our EVLET system lays the foundation for non-invasive cancer management by EV glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jinqi Deng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fei Tian
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiang Feng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lili Qin
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Lixiao Bai
- Department of Oncology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Ting Fu
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
- Jiangsu Union Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhongdi Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211500, China
| | - Liqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yuguang Wang
- Department of General Dentistry II, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Jiashu Sun
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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22
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Zheng S, Yang B, Li L, Chen M, Zhang L, Chi W, Shao ZM, Xiu B, Chi Y, Wu J. CRTAM promotes antitumor immune response in triple negative breast cancer by enhancing CD8+ T cell infiltration. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 129:111625. [PMID: 38354509 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The immunomodulatory (IM) subtype of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) exhibits high expression of immune cell signaling genes and is more responsive to immunotherapy. However, the specific mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unclear. One of the potential key genes appears to be the cytotoxic and regulatory T cell molecule (CRTAM). A cohort of 360 previously untreated TNBC patients from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) underwent RNA sequencing analysis of their primary tumor tissue. Combined with three RNA-seq datasets obtained from the GEO database, a LASSO regression analysis was conducted to identify genes specific to the IM type of TNBC. Our findings revealed elevated CRTAM expression in the IM-type TNBC, which correlated with a favorable overall survival and recurrence-free survival in TNBC patients. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated a strong association between CRTAM and immune responses as well as immune system processes. Notably, CRTAM overexpression induced STAT1 phosphorylation and upregulation of interferon-stimulated genes. We also found that CRTAM enhanced tumor-associated immune cell infiltration, especially CD8+ T cells, which may be related to the increased expression of MHC class I molecules caused by CRTAM overexpression. These results suggest that CRTAM may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Benlong Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lun Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyi Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiru Chi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingqiu Xiu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yayun Chi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiong Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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23
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Das A, Gupta S, Shaw P, Sinha S. Synthesis of Self Permeable Antisense PMO Using C5-Guanidino-Functionalized Pyrimidines at the 5'-End Enables Sox2 Downregulation in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:1256-1271. [PMID: 38324380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Delivery of macromolecular drugs inside cells has been a huge challenge in the field of oligonucleotide therapeutics for the past few decades. Earliest natural inspirations included the arginine rich stretch of cell permeable HIV-TAT peptide, which led to the design of several molecular transporters with varying numbers of rigid or flexible guanidinium units with different tethering groups. These transporters have been shown to efficiently deliver phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotides, which have a neutral backbone and cannot form lipoplexes. In this report, PMO based delivery agents having 3 or 4 guanidinium groups at the C5 position of the nucleobases of cytosine and uracil have been explored, which can be assimilated within the desired stretch of the antisense oligonucleotide. Guanidinium units have been connected by varying the flexibility with either a saturated (propyl) or an unsaturated (propargyl) spacer, which showed different serum dependency along with varied cytoplasmic distribution. The effect of cholesterol conjugation in the delivery agent as well as at the 5'-end of full length PMO in cellular delivery has also been studied. Finally, the efficacy of the delivery has been studied by the PMO mediated downregulation of the stemness marker Sox2 in the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB 231. These results have validated the use of this class of delivery agents, which permit at a stretch PMO synthesis where the modified bases can also participate in Watson-Crick-Franklin base pairing for enhanced mRNA binding and protein downregulation and could solve the delivery problem of PMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Das
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Shalini Gupta
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Pallab Shaw
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Surajit Sinha
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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24
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Zhang J, Wang X, Zhang Z, Ma F, Wang F. A novel tumor-associated neutrophil gene signature for predicting prognosis, tumor immune microenvironment, and therapeutic response in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5339. [PMID: 38438469 PMCID: PMC10912776 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55513-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) can promote tumor progression. This study aimed to investigate the molecular signature that predict the prognosis and immune response of breast cancer (BRCA) based on TAN-related gene (TANRG) expression data. The RNA-seq data of BRCA were gathered from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and gene expression omnibus (GEO) datasets. Univariate Cox regression analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator for selecting prognostic genes. A neo-TAN-related risk signature was constructed by multivariate Cox regression analysis. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses and Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed to validate the signature in GEO cohorts and the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype. We constructed an independent prognostic factor model with 11 TANRGs. The areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) of the TCGA training cohorts for 3-, 5-, and 7-year overall survival were 0.72, 0.73, and 0.73, respectively. The AUCs of the GEO test cohorts for 3-, 5-, and 7-year overall survival were 0.83, 0.89, and 0.94 (GSE25066) and 0.67, 0.69, and 0.73 (GSE58812), respectively. The proportion of immune subtypes differed among the different risk groups. The IC50 values differed significantly between risk groups and can be used as a guide for systemic therapy. The prognostic model developed by TANRGs has excellent predictive performance in BRCA patients. In addition, this feature is closely related to the prediction of survival, immune activity and treatment response in BRCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyou Zhang
- Department of Breast Disease, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, No.151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Shandong, China
| | - Xinbo Wang
- Department of Breast Disease, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, No.151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Shandong, China
| | - Zhonglai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Gaomi People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Fuyi Ma
- Department of Breast Disease, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, No.151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Breast Disease, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, No.151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Shandong, China.
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25
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Wu X, Zhang J, Yan X, Wang Y. A rare triple-negative breast cancer: The adenoid cystic carcinoma. Asian J Surg 2024; 47:1485-1486. [PMID: 38092599 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.11.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Wu
- Hebei General Hospital (Department of Glandular Surgery), Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, PR China; North China University of Science and Technology (School of Clinical Medicine), Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, PR China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Hebei General Hospital (Department of Glandular Surgery), Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, PR China; North China University of Science and Technology (School of Clinical Medicine), Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, PR China
| | - Xuemin Yan
- Hebei General Hospital (Department of Glandular Surgery), Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, PR China; North China University of Science and Technology (School of Clinical Medicine), Tangshan, Hebei, 063000, PR China
| | - Yuexin Wang
- Hebei General Hospital (Department of Glandular Surgery), Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, PR China.
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26
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Li J, Li Z, Yang W, Pan J, You H, Yang L, Zhang X. Development and verification of a novel immunogenic cell death-related signature for predicting the prognosis and immune infiltration in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2007. [PMID: 38425247 PMCID: PMC10905160 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient understanding of the pathogenesis and tumor immunology of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has limited the development of immunotherapy. The importance of tumor microenvironment (TME) in immunotyping, prognostic assessment and immunotherapy efficacy of cancer has been emphasized, however, potential immunogenic cell death (ICD) related genes function in TME of TNBC has been rarely investigated. AIMS To initially explore the role and related mechanisms of ICD in TNBC, especially the role played in the TME of TNBC, and to identify different relevant subtypes based on ICD, and then develop an ICD-related risk score to predict each TNBC patient TME status, prognosis and immunotherapy response. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we identified distinct ICD-related modification patterns based on 158 TNBC cases in the TCGA-TNBC cohort. We then investigated the possible correlation between ICD-related modification patterns and TME cell infiltration characteristics in TNBC. By using univariate Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, we created a risk scoring system (ICD score) to quantifiably evaluate the impact of ICD-related modification patterns in individual TNBC patient. Two different ICD-related modification patterns were found with significant differences in immune infiltration. Lower ICD score was correlated with higher immune infiltration, tumor mutational burden and significantly enriched in immune-related pathways, indicating a strong ability to activate immune response, which might account for relatively favorable prognosis of TNBC patients and could serve as a predictor to select suitable candidates for immunotherapy. We used two independent cohorts, GSE58812 cohort and Metabric cohort to validate prognosis and immunohistochemistry for preliminary in vitro validation. CONCLUSION This study evidenced that the ICD-related modification patterns might exert pivotal roles in the immune infiltration landscape of TNBC and ICD score might act as potential predictors of prognostic assessment and immunotherapy response. This research provides unique insights for individualize immune treatment strategies and promising immunotherapy candidates screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Gland SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Zhengtian Li
- Department of Bone and Joint SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Wenkang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Gland SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Jianmin Pan
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Gland SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Huazong You
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Gland SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Lixiang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Gland SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Gland SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
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27
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Hu Y, Wang D, Zhang T, Lei M, Luo Y, Chen Z, Li Y, Duan D, Zhang L, Zhu Y. Combined Photosensitive Gene Therapy Effective Against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Mice Model. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1809-1825. [PMID: 38414523 PMCID: PMC10898360 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s449042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tumor hypoxia and invasion present significant challenges for the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study developed a mitochondrial targeting strategy that combined PDT and gene therapy to promote each other and address the challenges. Methods The positively charged amphiphilic material triphenylphosphine-tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate (TPP-TPGS, TPS) and the photosensitizer chloride e6 (Ce6) formed TPS@Ce6 nanoparticles (NPs) by hydrophobic interaction. They electrostatically condensed microRNA-34a (miR-34a) to form stable TPS@Ce6/miRNA NPs. Results Firstly, Ce6 disrupted the lysosomal membrane, followed by successful delivery of miR-34a by TPS@Ce6/miRNA NPs. Meanwhile, miR-34a reduced ROS depletion and further enhanced the effectiveness of PDT. Consequently, the mutual promotion between PDT and gene therapy led to enhanced anti-tumor effects. Furthermore, the TPS@Ce6/miRNA NPs promoted apoptosis by down-regulating Caspase-3 and inhibited tumor cell migration and invasion by down-regulating N-Cadherin. In addition, in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that the TPS@Ce6/miRNA NPs achieved excellent anti-tumor effects. These findings highlighted the enhanced anticancer effects and reduced migration of tumor cells through the synergistic effects of PDT and gene therapy. Conclusion Taken together, the targeted co-delivery of Ce6 and miR-34a will facilitate the application of photodynamic and genic nanomedicine in the treatment of aggressive tumors, particularly TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixue Hu
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongna Wang
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Lei
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingnan Luo
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhimeng Chen
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Li
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dandan Duan
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liefeng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongqiang Zhu
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Poddar A, Ahmady F, Rao SR, Sharma R, Kannourakis G, Prithviraj P, Jayachandran A. The role of pregnancy associated plasma protein-A in triple negative breast cancer: a promising target for achieving clinical benefits. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:23. [PMID: 38395880 PMCID: PMC10885503 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01012-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) plays an integral role in breast cancer (BC), especially triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). This subtype accounts for the most aggressive BC, possesses high tumor heterogeneity, is least responsive to standard treatments and has the poorest clinical outcomes. There is a critical need to address the lack of effective targeted therapeutic options available. PAPP-A is a protein that is highly elevated during pregnancy. Frequently, higher PAPP-A expression is detected in tumors than in healthy tissues. The increase in expression coincides with increased rates of aggressive cancers. In BC, PAPP-A has been demonstrated to play a role in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis including epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as acting as a biomarker for predicting patient outcomes. In this review, we present the role of PAPP-A, with specific focus on TNBC. The structure and function of PAPP-A, belonging to the pappalysin subfamily, and its proteolytic activity are assessed. We highlight the link of BC and PAPP-A with respect to the IGFBP/IGF axis, EMT, the window of susceptibility and the impact of pregnancy. Importantly, the relevance of PAPP-A as a TNBC clinical marker is reviewed and its influence on immune-related pathways are explored. The relationship and mechanisms involving PAPP-A reveal the potential for more treatment options that can lead to successful immunotherapeutic targets and the ability to assist with better predicting clinical outcomes in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Poddar
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
- Federation University, Victoria, Australia
- RMIT University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Farah Ahmady
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
- Federation University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sushma R Rao
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Revati Sharma
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
- Federation University, Victoria, Australia
| | - George Kannourakis
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
- Federation University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Prashanth Prithviraj
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
- Federation University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aparna Jayachandran
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute, Victoria, Australia.
- Federation University, Victoria, Australia.
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Scheffges C, Devy J, Giustiniani J, Francois S, Cartier L, Merrouche Y, Foussat A, Potteaux S, Bensussan A, Marie-Cardine A. Identification of CD160-TM as a tumor target on triple negative breast cancers: possible therapeutic applications. Breast Cancer Res 2024; 26:28. [PMID: 38360636 PMCID: PMC10870674 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-024-01785-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite major therapeutic advances, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) still presents a worth prognosis than hormone receptors-positive breast cancers. One major issue relies in the molecular and mutational heterogeneity of TNBC subtypes that is reinforced by the absence of reliable tumor-antigen that could serve as a specific target to further promote efficient tumor cell recognition and depletion. CD160 is a receptor mainly expressed by NK lymphocytes and presenting two isoforms, namely the GPI-anchored form (CD160-GPI) and the transmembrane isoform (CD160-TM). While CD160-GPI is constitutively expressed on resting cells and involved in the generation of NK cells' cytotoxic activity, CD160-TM is neo-synthesized upon activation and promotes the amplification of NK cells' killing ability. METHODS CD160 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry on TNBC patient biopsies or cell lines, respectively. Antibody (Ab)-mediated tumor depletion was tested in vitro by performing antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) and phagocytosis (ADCP) assays, and in vivo on a TNBC mouse model. RESULTS Preliminary data obtained by IHC on TNBC patients' tumor biopsies revealed an unconventional expression of CD160 by TNBC tumor cells. By using a specific but conformation-dependent anti-CD160-TM Ab, we established that CD160-TM, but not CD160-GPI, was expressed by TNBC tumor cells. A conformation-independent anti-CD160-TM mAb (22B12; muIgG2a isotype) was generated and selected according to pre-defined specificity and functional criterions. In vitro functional assays demonstrated that ADCC and ADCP could be induced in the presence of 22B12, resulting in TNBC cell line apoptosis. The ability of 22B12 to exert an in vivo anti-tumor activity was also demonstrated on a TNBC murine model. CONCLUSIONS Our data identify CD160-TM as a tumor marker for TNBC and provide a rational for the use of anti-CD160-TM antibodies as therapeutic tools in this tumor context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Scheffges
- INSERM U976, HIPI, Team 1, 75010, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, IRSL, 75010, Paris, France
- Alderaan Biotechnology, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Devy
- UMR CNRS/URCA 7369, MEDyC, Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardennes, 51100, Reims, France
| | | | | | - Lucille Cartier
- Département de Recherche, Institut Godinot, 51100, Reims, France
- UR7509, IRMAIC, Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardennes, 51097, Reims, France
| | - Yacine Merrouche
- Département de Recherche, Institut Godinot, 51100, Reims, France
- UR7509, IRMAIC, Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardennes, 51097, Reims, France
| | | | - Stéphane Potteaux
- UR7509, IRMAIC, Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardennes, 51097, Reims, France
| | - Armand Bensussan
- INSERM U976, HIPI, Team 1, 75010, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, IRSL, 75010, Paris, France
| | - Anne Marie-Cardine
- INSERM U976, HIPI, Team 1, 75010, Paris, France.
- Université Paris Cité, IRSL, 75010, Paris, France.
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30
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Hao X, Jiang Z. Hot issues in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2024; 20:j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0294. [PMID: 38318879 PMCID: PMC10845930 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Hao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100036, China
| | - Zefei Jiang
- Department of Oncology Medicine, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100036, China
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Huang M, Fasching PA, Haiderali A, Xue W, Pan W, Karantza V, Yang F, Truscott J, Xin Y, O'Shaughnessy J. Association between event-free survival and overall survival in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer. Future Oncol 2024; 20:335-348. [PMID: 37602372 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study evaluated event-free survival (EFS) as a surrogate outcome for overall survival (OS) in neoadjuvant therapy for early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (eTNBC). Methods: Meta-regression analyses based on a targeted literature review were used to evaluate the individual- and trial-level associations between EFS and OS. Results: In the individual-level analyses, 3-year EFS was a significant predictor of 5-year OS (p < 0.01; coefficient of determinations [R2]: 0.82 [95% CI: 0.68-0.91]). Additionally, there was a statistically significant association between the treatment effect on EFS and OS at the trial level (p < 0.001; R2: 0.64 [95% CI: 0.45-0.82]). Conclusion: This study demonstrates significant associations between EFS and OS and suggests that EFS is a valid surrogate for OS following neoadjuvant therapy for eTNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joyce O'Shaughnessy
- Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology & US Oncology, Dallas, TX, USA
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32
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Pan WK, Ren SY, Zhu LX, Lin BC. A Web-based Prediction Model for Early Death in Patients With Metastatic Triple-negative Breast Cancer. Am J Clin Oncol 2024; 47:71-80. [PMID: 37871164 PMCID: PMC10805354 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000001058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer characterized by the absence of expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. This subtype of breast cancer is known for its high aggressiveness, high metastatic potential, tendency for recurrence, and poor prognosis. Patients with metastatic TNBC (mTNBC) have a poorer prognosis and a higher likelihood of early death (survival time ≤3 months). Therefore, the development of effective individualized survival prediction tools, such as prediction nomograms and web-based survival calculators, is of great importance for predicting the probability of early death in patients with metastatic TNBC. METHODS Patients diagnosed with mTNBC in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 2010 and 2015 were included in the model construction. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors associated with early death in patients with mTNBC and predictive prognostic nomograms were constructed. The accuracy of the nomograms was verified using receiver operating characteristic curves, and GiViTi Calibration belt plots were used to evaluate the model consistency. The clinical applicability of the nomograms was evaluated using decision curve analysis. On the basis of the predictive prognostic nomograms, a network survival rate calculator was developed for individualized survival prediction in patients with mTNBC. RESULTS A total of 2230 patients diagnosed with mTNBC were included in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database for this study. After strict exclusion criteria, 1428 patients were found to be eligible for the study. All the patients were randomly divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort in a ratio of 7:3. Independent risk factors for mTNBC, including age, tumor size, brain metastasis, liver metastasis, surgery, and chemotherapy, were identified and integrated to construct the prediction nomogram and survival calculator. Results of receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis curves from the training and validation cohort confirmed that the developed nomogram and web-based survival calculator in this study could accurately predict the probability of early death in patients with mTNBC. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we developed a reliable prediction nomogram and web-based survival calculator for predicting the probability of early death in patients with mTNBC. These tools can assist clinical physicians in identifying high-risk patients and developing personalized treatment plans as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-kai Pan
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Si-yan Ren
- Medical and Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Liao-xiang Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Bao-chai Lin
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
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Hernandez AE, Westrick AC, Stoler J, Kesmodel SB, Pinheiro PS, Figueroa ME, Kobetz EN, Rebbeck T, Goel N. ASO Visual Abstract: Associations Between Neighborhood-Level Income and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in a Majority-Minority Population. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:1029-1030. [PMID: 38071707 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14666-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Hernandez
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ashly C Westrick
- Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Justin Stoler
- Department of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
- Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Susan B Kesmodel
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Paulo S Pinheiro
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Maria E Figueroa
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Erin N Kobetz
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- Division of Computational Medicine and Population Health, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Timothy Rebbeck
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Neha Goel
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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Cunha MT, Gouveia MC, Neto FL, Testa L, Hoff PM, de Azambuja E, Bonadio RC. Long-term outcomes of neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: an extracted individual patient data and trial-level meta-analysis. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:242-250. [PMID: 38012381 PMCID: PMC10803354 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02501-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant immunotherapy (nIO) has emerged as a treatment option for stage II-III triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). While randomised clinical trials (RCTs) demonstrated pathological complete response rate benefit to nIO added to chemotherapy, additional data on long-term outcomes is warranted. We performed this analysis to evaluate long-term efficacy outcomes of nIO in TNBC. METHODS We searched databases for RCTs evaluating nIO in early-stage TNBC. A meta-analysis of extracted individual patient data (EIPD) was performed to evaluate EFS and OS, with data from reported Kaplan-Meier plots. Additionally, we conducted a trial-level meta-analysis using fixed and random effects models. RESULTS The literature search resulted in four included RCTs with available EFS or OS (KEYNOTE-522, IMpassion031, I-SPY2 and GeparNuevo). EIPD showed that the addition of nIO to chemotherapy provides statistically significant benefits in EFS (HR 0.62, 0.50-0.76; p < 0.001) and OS (HR 0.62, 0.46-0.82, p < 0.001). Number needed to treat to avoid one EFS or OS event in 4 years was 9 and 14, respectively. Trial-level meta-analysis yielded similar results (EFS: HR 0.64, 0.51-0.79; OS: 0.57, 0.37-0.89). CONCLUSIONS Results show that nIO combined with chemotherapy can provide significant EFS and OS benefits, supporting its use as standard treatment for early-stage TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Trinconi Cunha
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Felippe Lazar Neto
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laura Testa
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino (IDOR), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Marcelo Hoff
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino (IDOR), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evandro de Azambuja
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B), Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Institut Jules Bordet, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Renata Colombo Bonadio
- Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Ensino (IDOR), São Paulo, Brazil
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Coman MM, Pusztai L, Hooley R, Andreveja L, Kim L, Joshi N, Bersenev A, Krause D, Park TS. Core Needle Biopsies as an Alternative Source for Ex Vivo Expanded TIL for Adoptive Cell Therapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. J Immunother 2024; 47:49-53. [PMID: 37991241 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0000000000000495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of ex vivo expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have produced long-term response in metastatic cancers. TILs have traditionally been expanded from surgically resected specimens. Ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy (CNB) is an alternative method that avoids the morbidity of surgery and have added benefits which may include patients not amenable to surgery as well as the potential to produce TILs from multiple lesions in the same patient. We assessed the ability to produce and expand TILs from primary triple-negative breast cancer tumors from CNB (n=7) and demonstrate comparable expansion, phenotype and cytokine secretion after phorbol myristate acetate-ionomycin stimulation to TILs expanded from surgery (n=6). T cell Receptor clonality and diversity were also comparable between the two cohorts throughout the TIL culture. CNB is a safe and feasible method to obtain tumor tissue for TIL generation in patients with triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena M Coman
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Lajos Pusztai
- Department of Medicine, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Regina Hooley
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Liva Andreveja
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Leah Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Nikhil Joshi
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Alexey Bersenev
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Diane Krause
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Tristen S Park
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT
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Zhang Z, Luo X, Xue X, Pang M, Wang X, Yu L, Qian J, Li X, Tian M, Lu A, Lu C, Liu Y. Engineered Exosomes Carrying miR-588 for Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Through Remodeling the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:743-758. [PMID: 38283199 PMCID: PMC10821654 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s440619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The morbidity and mortality of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are still high, causing a heavy medical burden. CCL5, as a chemokine, can be involved in altering the composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME) as well as the immunosuppressive degree, and has become a very promising target for the treatment of TNBC. Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in tumor tissues is closely related to tumor progression, and its utilization can be used to achieve therapeutic purposes. Engineered exosomes can avoid the shortcomings of miRNAs and also enhance their targeting and anti-tumor effects through engineering. Therefore, we aimed to create a cRGD-modified exosome for targeted delivery of miR-588 and to investigate its effect in remodeling immunosuppressive TME by anchoring CCL5 in TNBC. Methods In this study, we loaded miR-588 into exosomes using electroporation and modified it with cRGD using post insertion to obtain cRGD-Exos/miR-588. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking assay technique (NTA), Western Blots, qPCR, and flow cytometry were applied for its characterization. CCK-8, qPCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in vivo fluorescence imaging system, immunohistochemistry and H&E staining were used to explore the efficacy as well as the mechanism at the cellular level as well as in subcutaneous graft-tumor nude mouse model. Results The cRGD-Exos/miR-588 was successfully constructed and had strong TNBC tumor targeting in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, it has significant efficacy on TME components affected by CCL5 and the degree of immunosuppression, which can effectively control TNBC with good safety. Conclusion In this experiment, cRGD-Exos/miR-588 was prepared to remodel immunosuppressive TME by anchoring CCL5, which is affected by the vicious cycle of immune escape. Overall, cRGD-Exos/miR-588 explored the feasibility of targeting TME for the TNBC treatment, and provided a competitive delivery system for the engineered exosomes to deliver miRNAs for antitumor therapy drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjia Zhang
- School of Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Luo
- School of Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Xue
- School of Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingshi Pang
- School of Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangpeng Wang
- School of Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liuchunyang Yu
- School of Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinxiu Qian
- School of Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Tian
- School of Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aiping Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hongkong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyan Liu
- School of Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Arabameri A, Arab S. Understanding the Interplay of CAR-NK Cells and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Insights from Computational Modeling. Bull Math Biol 2024; 86:20. [PMID: 38240892 DOI: 10.1007/s11538-023-01247-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered natural killer (NK) cells have recently emerged as a promising and safe alternative to CAR-T cells for targeting solid tumors. In the case of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), traditional cancer treatments and common immunotherapies have shown limited effectiveness. However, CAR-NK cells have been successfully employed to target epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on TNBC cells, thereby enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy. The effectiveness of CAR-NK-based immunotherapy is influenced by various factors, including the vaccination dose, vaccination pattern, and tumor immunosuppressive factors in the microenvironment. To gain insights into the dynamics and effects of CAR-NK-based immunotherapy, we propose a computational model based on experimental data and immunological theories. This model integrates an individual-based model that describes the interplay between the tumor and the immune system, along with an ordinary differential equation model that captures the variation of inflammatory cytokines. Computational results obtained from the proposed model shed light on the conditions necessary for initiating an effective anti-tumor response. Furthermore, global sensitivity analysis highlights the issue of low persistence of CAR-NK cells in vivo, which poses a significant challenge for the successful clinical application of these cells. Leveraging the model, we identify the optimal vaccination time, vaccination dose, and time interval between injections for maximizing therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abazar Arabameri
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - Samaneh Arab
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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Liu CC, Wolf M, Ortego R, Grencewicz D, Sadler T, Eng C. Characterization of immunomodulating agents from Staphylococcus aureus for priming immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:756. [PMID: 38191648 PMCID: PMC10774339 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, specifically immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), has revolutionized the treatment paradigm of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs). However, a subset of TNBCs devoid of tumor-infiltrating T cells (TILs) or PD-L1 expression generally has a poor response to immunotherapy. In this study, we aimed to sensitize TNBCs to ICB by harnessing the immunomodulating potential of S. aureus, a breast-resident bacterium. We show that intratumoral injection of spent culture media from S. aureus recruits TILs and suppresses tumor growth in a preclinical TNBC model. We further demonstrate that α-hemolysin (HLA), an S. aureus-produced molecule, increases the levels of CD8+ T cells and PD-L1 expression in tumors, delays tumor growth, and triggers tumor necrosis. Mechanistically, while tumor cells treated with HLA display Gasdermin E (GSDME) cleavage and a cellular phenotype resembling pyroptosis, splenic T cells incubated with HLA lead to selective expansion of CD8+ T cells. Notably, intratumoral HLA injection prior to ICB augments the therapeutic efficacy compared to ICB alone. This study uncovers novel immunomodulatory properties of HLA and suggests that intratumoral administration of HLA could be a potential priming strategy to expand the population of TNBC patients who may respond to ICB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Chih Liu
- Cleveland Clinic, Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue NE50, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Matthew Wolf
- Cleveland Clinic, Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue NE50, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Ruth Ortego
- Cleveland Clinic, Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue NE50, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Dennis Grencewicz
- Cleveland Clinic, Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue NE50, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Tammy Sadler
- Cleveland Clinic, Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue NE50, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Charis Eng
- Cleveland Clinic, Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, 9500 Euclid Avenue NE50, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
- Cleveland Clinic, Center for Personalized Genetic Healthcare, Medical Specialties Institute, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
- Cleveland Clinic, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
- Germline High Risk Cancer Focus Group, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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Gammelgaard OL, Terp MG, Kirkin AF, Johansen S, Traynor S, Vever H, Guldberg P, Kodahl AR, Gjerstorff MF, Ditzel HJ. Adoptive cell transfer therapy with ex vivo primed peripheral lymphocytes in combination with anti-PDL1 therapy effectively inhibits triple-negative breast cancer growth and metastasis. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:6. [PMID: 38184565 PMCID: PMC10770996 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01914-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adoptive cell transfer cancer immunotherapy holds promise for treating disseminated disease, yet generating sufficient numbers of lymphocytes with anti-cancer activity against diverse specificities remains a major challenge. We recently developed a novel procedure (ALECSAT) for selecting, expanding and maturating polyclonal lymphocytes from peripheral blood with the capacity to target malignant cells. METHODS Immunodeficient mice were challenged with triple-negative breast cancer cell lines or patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and treated with allogeneic or autologous ALECSAT cells with and without anti-PDL1 therapy to assess the capacity of ALECSAT cells to inhibit primary tumor growth and metastasis. RESULTS ALECSAT mono therapy inhibited metastasis, but did not inhibit primary tumor growth or prolong survival of tumor-bearing mice. In contrast, combined ALECSAT and anti-PDL1 therapy significantly inhibited primary tumor growth, nearly completely blocked metastasis, and prolonged survival of tumor-bearing mice. CONCLUSIONS Combined ALECSAT and anti-PDL1 therapy results in favorable anti-cancer responses in both cell line-derived xenograft and autologous PDX models of advanced triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odd L Gammelgaard
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 25, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Mikkel G Terp
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 25, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | | | - Simone Johansen
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 25, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Sofie Traynor
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 25, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Henriette Vever
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 25, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Per Guldberg
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 25, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
- Danish Cancer Institute (DCI), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Annette R Kodahl
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Morten F Gjerstorff
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 25, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik J Ditzel
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 25, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
- Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
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Mulkearns-Hubert EE, Rhoades EE, Ben-Salem S, Bharti R, Hajdari N, Johnson S, Myers A, Smith IN, Bandyopadhyay S, Eng C, Downs E, Lathia JD, Reizes O. Targeting NANOG and FAK via Cx26-derived Cell-penetrating Peptides in Triple-negative Breast Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:56-67. [PMID: 37703580 PMCID: PMC10840808 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents the most lethal and treatment-resistant breast cancer subtype with limited treatment options. We previously identified a protein complex unique to TNBC composed of the gap junction protein connexin 26 (Cx26), the pluripotency transcription factor NANOG, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK). We sought to determine whether a peptide mimetic of the interaction region of Cx26 attenuated tumor growth in preclinical models. We designed peptides based on Cx26 juxtamembrane domains and performed binding experiments with NANOG and FAK using surface plasmon resonance. Binding studies revealed that the Cx26 C-terminal tail and intracellular loop bound to NANOG and FAK with submicromolar-to-micromolar affinity and that a 5-amino acid sequence in the C-terminal tail of Cx26 (RYCSG) was sufficient for binding. Peptides with high affinity were engineered with a cell-penetrating antennapedia sequence and assessed in functional assays including cell proliferation, tumorsphere formation, and in vivo tumor growth, and downstream signaling changes were measured. The cell-penetrating Cx26 peptide (aCx26-pep) disrupted self-renewal while reducing nuclear FAK and NANOG and inhibiting NANOG target gene expression in TNBC cells but not luminal mammary epithelial cells. In vivo, aCx26-pep reduced tumor growth and proliferation and induced cell death. Here, we provide proof-of-concept that a Cx26 peptide-based strategy inhibits growth and alters NANOG activity specifically in TNBC, indicating the therapeutic potential of this targeting approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin E. Mulkearns-Hubert
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Emily Esakov Rhoades
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Salma Ben-Salem
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Rashmi Bharti
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Nicole Hajdari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Sadie Johnson
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Alex Myers
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Iris Nira Smith
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Smarajit Bandyopadhyay
- Molecular Biotechnology Core, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Charis Eng
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195
| | - Erinn Downs
- Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Justin D. Lathia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, 10900 Euclid Ave. Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Ofer Reizes
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cancer Impact Area, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, 10900 Euclid Ave. Cleveland, OH 44106
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Ebbinghaus M, Wittich K, Bancher B, Lebedeva V, Appelshoffer A, Femel J, Helm MS, Kollet J, Hardt O, Pfeifer R. Endogenous Signaling Molecule Activating (ESMA) CARs: A Novel CAR Design Showing a Favorable Risk to Potency Ratio for the Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:615. [PMID: 38203786 PMCID: PMC10779313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
As chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy continues to gain attention as a valuable treatment option against different cancers, strategies to improve its potency and decrease the side effects associated with this therapy have become increasingly relevant. Herein, we report an alternative CAR design that incorporates transmembrane domains with the ability to recruit endogenous signaling molecules, eliminating the need for stimulatory signals within the CAR structure. These endogenous signaling molecule activating (ESMA) CARs triggered robust cytotoxic activity and proliferation of the T cells when directed against the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line MDA-MB-231 while exhibiting reduced cytokine secretion and exhaustion marker expression compared to their cognate standard second generation CARs. In a NOD SCID Gamma (NSG) MDA-MB-231 xenograft mouse model, the lead candidate maintained longitudinal therapeutic efficacy and an enhanced T cell memory phenotype. Profound tumor infiltration by activated T cells repressed tumor growth, further manifesting the proliferative capacity of the ESMA CAR T cell therapy. Consequently, ESMA CAR T cells entail promising features for improved clinical outcome as a solid tumor treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Ebbinghaus
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (M.E.); (K.W.); (B.B.); (V.L.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.K.)
- School of Applied Biosciences and Chemistry, HAN University of Applied Sciences, 6525 EM Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Katharina Wittich
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (M.E.); (K.W.); (B.B.); (V.L.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Benjamin Bancher
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (M.E.); (K.W.); (B.B.); (V.L.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Valeriia Lebedeva
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (M.E.); (K.W.); (B.B.); (V.L.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Anijutta Appelshoffer
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (M.E.); (K.W.); (B.B.); (V.L.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Julia Femel
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (M.E.); (K.W.); (B.B.); (V.L.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Martin S. Helm
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (M.E.); (K.W.); (B.B.); (V.L.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Jutta Kollet
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (M.E.); (K.W.); (B.B.); (V.L.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Olaf Hardt
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (M.E.); (K.W.); (B.B.); (V.L.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.K.)
| | - Rita Pfeifer
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; (M.E.); (K.W.); (B.B.); (V.L.); (A.A.); (J.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.K.)
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Ge LP, Jin X, Ma D, Wang ZY, Liu CL, Zhou CZ, Zhao S, Yu TJ, Liu XY, Di GH, Shao ZM, Jiang YZ. ZNF689 deficiency promotes intratumor heterogeneity and immunotherapy resistance in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Res 2024; 34:58-75. [PMID: 38168642 PMCID: PMC10770380 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00909-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive disease characterized by remarkable intratumor heterogeneity (ITH), which poses therapeutic challenges. However, the clinical relevance and key determinant of ITH in TNBC are poorly understood. Here, we comprehensively characterized ITH levels using multi-omics data across our center's cohort (n = 260), The Cancer Genome Atlas cohort (n = 134), and four immunotherapy-treated cohorts (n = 109). Our results revealed that high ITH was associated with poor patient survival and immunotherapy resistance. Importantly, we identified zinc finger protein 689 (ZNF689) deficiency as a crucial determinant of ITH formation. Mechanistically, the ZNF689-TRIM28 complex was found to directly bind to the promoter of long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1), inducing H3K9me3-mediated transcriptional silencing. ZNF689 deficiency reactivated LINE-1 retrotransposition to exacerbate genomic instability, which fostered ITH. Single-cell RNA sequencing, spatially resolved transcriptomics and flow cytometry analysis confirmed that ZNF689 deficiency-induced ITH inhibited antigen presentation and T-cell activation, conferring immunotherapy resistance. Pharmacological inhibition of LINE-1 significantly reduced ITH, enhanced antitumor immunity, and eventually sensitized ZNF689-deficient tumors to immunotherapy in vivo. Consistently, ZNF689 expression positively correlated with favorable prognosis and immunotherapy response in clinical samples. Altogether, our study uncovers a previously unrecognized mechanism underlying ZNF689 deficiency-induced ITH and suggests LINE-1 inhibition combined with immunotherapy as a novel treatment strategy for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Ge
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng-Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao-Zheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Jian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gen-Hong Di
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yi-Zhou Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Precision Cancer Medicine Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Chen X, Ren C, Zhou Z, Chen J, Fan X, Li X, Chen J, Zhu J. Development of an ubiquitin-proteasome system signature for predicting prognosis and providing therapeutic guidance for patients with triple-negative breast cancer. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3584. [PMID: 37605934 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a pathological subtype with a high mortality, and the development of inhibitors in the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) component could be a novel therapeutic tool. METHODS Triple-negative breast cancer data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and subtype analysis was performed by consistent clustering analysis to identify molecular subtypes of TNBC according to UPS characteristics. Differential analysis, COX and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) COX regression analyses were performed to select genes associated with overall survival in TNBC. The final prognostic model (UPS score) was determined using the LASSO COX model. The model performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and survival curves. In addition, the results of the UPS score on analyzing the abundance of immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy were explored. Finally, we developed a nomogram for TNBC survival prediction. RESULTS Two UPS subtypes (UPSMS1 and UPSMS2) showing significant survival differences were classified. COX regression analysis on differentially expressed genes in UPSMS1 and UPSMS2 filtered five genes that affected overall survival. Based on the regression coefficients and expression data of the five genes, we built a prognostic assessment system (UPS score). The UPS score showed consistent prognostic and therapeutic guidance values. Finally, the ROC curve of the nomogram and UPS score showed the highest predictive efficacy compared with traditional clinical prognostic indicators. CONCLUSION The UPS score represented a promising prognostic tool to predict overall survival and immune status and guide personalized treatment selection in TNBC patients, and this study may provide a more practical alternative for clinical monitoring and management of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Chen
- Department of Breast Medicine, Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Chongyang Ren
- Department of Breast Cancer, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhisheng Zhou
- Department of Breast Medicine, Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Jiewen Chen
- Department of Breast Medicine, Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Xulong Fan
- Department of Breast Medicine, Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Xiangzhi Li
- Department of Breast Medicine, Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Jintao Chen
- Department of Breast Medicine, Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Breast Medicine, Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
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Yu B, Luo J, Yang Y, Zhen K, Shen B. Novel molecular insights into pyroptosis in triple-negative breast cancer prognosis and immunotherapy. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3645. [PMID: 38041540 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) often have a poor prognostic outcome. Current treatment strategies cannot benefit all TNBC patients. Previous findings suggested pyroptosis as a novel target for suppressing cancer development, although the relationship between TNBC and pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) was still unclear. METHODS Gene expression data and clinical follow-up of TNBC patients were collected from the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). PRGs were screened using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Cox regression analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (i.e. LASSO) technique were applied to construct a pyroptosis-related prognostic risk score (PPRS) model, which was further combined with the clinicopathological characteristics of TNBC patients to develop a survival decision tree and a nomogram. The model was used to calculate the PPRS, and then the overall survival, immune infiltration, immunotherapy response and drug sensitivity of TNBC patients were analyzed based on the PPRS. RESULTS The PPRS model was closely related to clinicopathological features and can independently and accurately predict the prognosis of TNBC. According to normalized PPRS, patients in different cohorts were divided into two groups. Compared with the high-PPRS group, the low-PPRS group had significantly higher ESTIMATE (i.e. Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignantTumours using Expression data) score, immune score and stromal score, and it also had overexpressed immune checkpoints and significantly reduced Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) score, as well as higher sensitivity to paclitaxel, veliparib, olaparib and talazoparib. A decision tree and nomogram based on PPRS and clinical characteristics can improve the prognosis stratification and survival prediction for TNBC patients. CONCLUSIONS A PPRS model was developed to predict TNBC patients' immune characteristics and response to immunotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy, as well as their survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- Linping Campus, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Luo
- Linping Campus, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifei Yang
- Linping Campus, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhen
- Linping Campus, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Binjie Shen
- Linping Campus, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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45
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Keskinkılıc M, Gökmen-Polar Y, Badve SS. Triple Negative Breast Cancers: An Obsolete Entity? Clin Breast Cancer 2024; 24:1-6. [PMID: 38016912 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer is defined on the basis of what it is not. It has served as a useful umbrella entity for management of patients with breast cancer for the last couple of decades. However, during this period a number of novel therapies have become available. These therapies have been documented to be useful in subsets of TNBCs that can be identified on the basis of distinct biologic alterations. Herein we revisit the categorization and usage of the TNBC as an entity to assess its utility in view of the currently available therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Keskinkılıc
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Yesim Gökmen-Polar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Sunil S Badve
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
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Jing Z, Li Y, Song J, Zang X. Efficient TNBC immunotherapy by dual reprogramming tumor-infiltrating dendritic cells and tumor-associated macrophages with stimulus-responsive miR155 nanocomplexes. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126912. [PMID: 37722648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains to be a formidable adversary with high mortality and unfavorable prognosis. Tumor microenvironment comprises of various constituents, among them, tumor infiltrating dendritic cells (TIDCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) which have been recognized as pivotal factors responsible for mediating immune responses. Overcoming the refractory properties of TIDCs and TAMs is critical for inducing a robust and sustained immune response against cancer cells. In this study, pH/ROS-responsive microRNA-155 (miR155) nanocomplexes (MiR@PCPmP NPs) were developed to reprogram TIDCs and TAMs for efficient TNBC immunotherapy. This nanoplatform was based on a pH/ROS cleavable copolymer of poly(ethylene glycol)-carboxydimethyl maleate-poly(ethyleneimine)-peroxalate ester-poly(ε-caprolactone) grafted with mannose moieties (PEG-CDM-PEI[Man]-ox-PCL) which self-assembled with miRNA to form nanocomplexes. In the tumor microenvironment, the nanocomplexes showed selective cellular uptake by TIDCs and TAMs through PEG detachment and mannose exposure, followed by efficient endosomal escape, cytosolic miR155 release, and the dual-reprogramming of TIDCs and TAMs. Our results showed that MiR@PCPmP NPs significantly improved antitumor immune responses with highly infiltrating CD8+ T cells while restraining immunosuppressive components in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, the nanoparticles effectively suppressed both primary tumors and pulmonary metastatic nodules without obvious systemic toxicity. This research highlights the potential of dual-reprogramming of TIDCs and TAMs with the miR155 nanocomplexes as a promising strategy for TNBC immunotherapy, with potential for translation to other cancers with a similar microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghui Jing
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, PR China
| | - Jinxiao Song
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, PR China
| | - Xinlong Zang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, PR China.
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Carter JA, Matta B, Battaglia J, Somerville C, Harris BD, LaPan M, Atwal GS, Barnes BJ. Identification of pan-cancer/testis genes and validation of therapeutic targeting in triple-negative breast cancer: Lin28a-based and Siglece-based vaccination induces antitumor immunity and inhibits metastasis. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007935. [PMID: 38135347 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-testis (CT) genes are targets for tumor antigen-specific immunotherapy given that their expression is normally restricted to the immune-privileged testis in healthy individuals with aberrant expression in tumor tissues. While they represent targetable germ tissue antigens and play important functional roles in tumorigenesis, there is currently no standardized approach for identifying clinically relevant CT genes. Optimized algorithms and validated methods for accurate prediction of reliable CT antigens (CTAs) with high immunogenicity are also lacking. METHODS Sequencing data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and The Genomic Data Commons (GDC) databases was used for the development of a bioinformatic pipeline to identify CT exclusive genes. A CT germness score was calculated based on the number of CT genes expressed within a tumor type and their degree of expression. The impact of tumor germness on clinical outcome was evaluated using healthy GTEx and GDC tumor samples. We then used a triple-negative breast cancer mouse model to develop and test an algorithm that predicts epitope immunogenicity based on the identification of germline sequences with strong major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) and MHCII binding affinities. Germline sequences for CT genes were synthesized as long synthetic peptide vaccines and tested in the 4T1 triple-negative model of invasive breast cancer with Poly(I:C) adjuvant. Vaccine immunogenicity was determined by flow cytometric analysis of in vitro and in vivo T-cell responses. Primary tumor growth and lung metastasis was evaluated by histopathology, flow cytometry and colony formation assay. RESULTS We developed a new bioinformatic pipeline to reliably identify CT exclusive genes as immunogenic targets for immunotherapy. We identified CT genes that are exclusively expressed within the testis, lack detectable thymic expression, and are significantly expressed in multiple tumor types. High tumor germness correlated with tumor progression but not with tumor mutation burden, supporting CTAs as appealing targets in low mutation burden tumors. Importantly, tumor germness also correlated with markers of antitumor immunity. Vaccination of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice with Siglece and Lin28a antigens resulted in increased T-cell antitumor immunity and reduced primary tumor growth and lung metastases. CONCLUSION Our results present a novel strategy for the identification of highly immunogenic CTAs for the development of targeted vaccines that induce antitumor immunity and inhibit metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Carter
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
- Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Bharati Matta
- Northwell Health Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Jenna Battaglia
- Northwell Health Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Carter Somerville
- Northwell Health Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Benjamin D Harris
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
- Lyell Immunopharma, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Margaret LaPan
- Northwell Health Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Gurinder S Atwal
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | - Betsy J Barnes
- Northwell Health Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
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Compton ZT, Mallo D, Maley CC. Stronger Together: Cancer Clones Cooperate to Alleviate Growth Barriers in Critical Cancer Progression Transitions. Cancer Res 2023; 83:4013-4014. [PMID: 37870405 PMCID: PMC11019920 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-3255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Hershey and colleagues recently showed how clones in a triple-negative breast cancer cell line cooperate for their mutual fitness benefit. In this system, clones exchange soluble metabolites to increase their in vitro growth rate at low population densities, therefore mitigating the documented growth barrier that reduces individual fitness in small tumor cell populations (Allee effect). Such cooperation could aid important transitions in cancer progression in which cancer cell populations are small, like invasion or metastasis. Using orthotopic transplantation, the authors demonstrate that this cooperation is functional in one such transition in vivo, increasing the metastatic load and number of metastases, which are usually polyclonal. Together, these findings highlight the need to consider ecologic interactions to properly understand tumor growth dynamics, and how they complement the standing evolutionary model of cancer progression in our quest to understand and treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary T Compton
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, Arizona
- University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Diego Mallo
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Carlo C Maley
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
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Zhao F, Zhao C, Xu T, Lan Y, Lin H, Wu X, Li X. Single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing analysis of B cell marker genes in TNBC TME landscape and immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1245514. [PMID: 38111587 PMCID: PMC10725955 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1245514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study amied to investigate the prognostic characteristics of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients by analyzing B cell marker genes based on single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing. Methods Utilizing single-cell sequencing data from TNBC patients, we examined tumor-associated B cell marker genes. Transcriptomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were used as the foundation for predictive modeling. Independent validation set was conducted using the GSE58812 dataset. Immune cell infiltration into the tumor was assessed through various, including XCELL, TIMER, QUANTISEQ, CIBERSORT, CIBERSORT-ABS, and ssGSEA. The TIDE score was utilized to predict immunotherapy outcomes. Additional investigations were conducted on the immune checkpoint blockade gene, tumor mutational load, and the GSEA enrichment analysis. Results Our analysis encompassed 22,106 cells and 20,556 genes in cancerous tissue samples from four TNBC patients, resulting in the identification of 116 B cell marker genes. A B cell marker gene score (BCMG score) involving nine B cell marker genes (ZBP1, SEL1L3, CCND2, TNFRSF13C, HSPA6, PLPP5, CXCR4, GZMB, and CCDC50) was developed using TCGA transcriptomic data, revealing statistically significant differences in survival analysis (P<0.05). Functional analysis demonstrated that marker genes were predominantly associated with immune-related pathways. Notably, substantial differences between the higher and lower- BCMG score groups were observed in terms of immune cell infiltration, immune cell activity, tumor mutational burden, TIDE score, and the expression of immune checkpoint blockade genes. Conclusion This study has established a robust model based on B-cell marker genes in TNBC, which holds significant potential for predicting prognosis and response to immunotherapy in TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangrui Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tangpeng Xu
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanfang Lan
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huiqing Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaofei Wu
- Department of Neurology, Central War Zone General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiangpan Li
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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50
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Li P, Li J, Tong X, Xiao Z, Diao W, Zhong C, Zhou J, Wu W. Global research trends and prospects related to tumor microenvironment within Triple Negative Breast Cancer: a bibliometric analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1261290. [PMID: 38111580 PMCID: PMC10725926 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1261290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims The tumor microenvironment (TME) has pivotal parts within multiple tumor models of onset/progression, such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This bibliometric analysis was developed to explore trends and research niches revolving around TME in TNBC. Methods Web of Science Core Collection was queried for identifying studies linked with TME in TNBC, after which the VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R software programs were used to conduct bibliometric analyses and to generate corresponding visualizations. Results In total, this study included 1,604 studies published from 2005-2023. The USA and China exhibited the highest numbers of citations, and the research institutions with the greatest output in this field included Harvard University, the University of Texas System, and Fudan University. Ying Wang from Sun Yat-Sen University was the most published and most cited author in this space. The highest number of articles were published in Cancer, while the greatest co-citation number was evident in Breast Cancer Research. Important keywords related to this research topic included metastasis, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and nanoparticles. In particular, pembrolizumab, immunotherapy, nanoparticles, combination treatment, and biomarkers were topics of marked interest in recent reports. Conclusion The TME in TNBC is an area of rapidly growing and evolving research interest, with extensive global collaboration helping to drive this field forward. Antitumor therapies targeting the TME in TNBC patients represent an emerging topic of future research, providing opportunities for translational findings. The results of this analysis may provide additional guidance for work focused on the TME in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiting Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Breast Thyroid Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaofei Tong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenyang Xiao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wuliang Diao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chi Zhong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianda Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Breast Thyroid Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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