101
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Combined target and post-run target strategy for a comprehensive analysis of pesticides in ambient air using liquid chromatography-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1368:132-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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102
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Herrero P, Cortés-Francisco N, Borrull F, Caixach J, Pocurull E, Marcé RM. Comparison of triple quadrupole mass spectrometry and Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry in ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography for the determination of veterinary drugs in sewage: benefits and drawbacks. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2014; 49:585-96. [PMID: 25044843 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a comparison of triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) combined to ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography for the determination of glucocorticoids and polyether ionophores in sewage, in order to show the major benefits and drawbacks for each mass spectrometry analyser. Overall, HRMS measurements have enhanced performance in terms of confirmatory capabilities than MS/MS measurements. Moreover, similar limits of quantification, limits of detection, linear range and repeatability for glucocorticoids with both the MS/MS and HRMS methods were compared, but in the case of polyether ionophores, slightly better limits of detection and limits of quantification were obtained with the HRMS method because of the high sensitivity obtained when diagnostic ions are used for quantification instead of selected reaction monitoring transitions for these compounds. The two methods have been applied to the analysis of several influent and effluent sewage samples from sewage treatment plants located in the Tarragona region (Catalonia, Spain), showing an excellent correlation between the two methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Herrero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Organic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sescelades Campus, Marcel·lí Domingo, s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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103
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Hird SJ, Lau BPY, Schuhmacher R, Krska R. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of chemical contaminants in food. Trends Analyt Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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104
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Tarkowská D, Novák O, Floková K, Tarkowski P, Turečková V, Grúz J, Rolčík J, Strnad M. Quo vadis plant hormone analysis? PLANTA 2014; 240:55-76. [PMID: 24677098 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-014-2063-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant hormones act as chemical messengers in the regulation of myriads of physiological processes that occur in plants. To date, nine groups of plant hormones have been identified and more will probably be discovered. Furthermore, members of each group may participate in the regulation of physiological responses in planta both alone and in concert with members of either the same group or other groups. The ideal way to study biochemical processes involving these signalling molecules is 'hormone profiling', i.e. quantification of not only the hormones themselves, but also their biosynthetic precursors and metabolites in plant tissues. However, this is highly challenging since trace amounts of all of these substances are present in highly complex plant matrices. Here, we review advances, current trends and future perspectives in the analysis of all currently known plant hormones and the associated problems of extracting them from plant tissues and separating them from the numerous potentially interfering compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuše Tarkowská
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR and Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 11, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic,
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105
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Knolhoff AM, Callahan JH, Croley TR. Mass accuracy and isotopic abundance measurements for HR-MS instrumentation: capabilities for non-targeted analyses. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:1285-1294. [PMID: 24729191 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-014-0880-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of automated non-targeted workflows for small molecule analyses is highly desirable in many areas of research and diagnostics. Sufficient mass and chromatographic resolution is necessary for the detectability of compounds and subsequent componentization and interpretation of ions. The mass accuracy and relative isotopic abundance are critical in correct molecular formulae generation for unknown compounds. While high-resolution instrumentation provides accurate mass information, sample complexity can greatly influence data quality and the measurement of compounds of interest. Two high-resolution instruments, an Orbitrap and a Q-TOF, were evaluated for mass accuracy and relative isotopic abundance with various concentrations of a standard mixture in four complex sample matrices. The overall average ± standard deviation of the mass accuracy was 1.06 ± 0.76 ppm and 1.62 ± 1.88 ppm for the Orbitrap and the Q-TOF, respectively; however, individual measurements were ± 5 ppm for the Orbitrap and greater than 10 ppm for the Q-TOF. Relative isotopic abundance measurements for A + 1 were within 5% of the theoretical value if the intensity of the monoisotopic peak was greater than 1E7 for the Orbitrap and 1E5 for the Q-TOF, where an increase in error is observed with a decrease in intensity. Furthermore, complicating factors were found in the data that would impact automated data analysis strategies, including coeluting species that interfere with detectability and relative isotopic abundance measurements. The implications of these findings will be discussed with an emphasis on reasonable expectations from these instruments, guidelines for experimental workflows, data analysis considerations, and software design for non-targeted analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann M Knolhoff
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, HFS-707, College Park, MD, 20740, USA,
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106
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Abdallah H, Arnaudguilhem C, Jaber F, Lobinski R. Multiresidue analysis of 22 sulfonamides and their metabolites in animal tissues using quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction and high resolution mass spectrometry (hybrid linear ion trap-Orbitrap). J Chromatogr A 2014; 1355:61-72. [PMID: 24958033 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.05.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A new high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) method was developed for a simultaneous multi-residue analysis of 22 sulfonamides (SAs) and their metabolites in edible animal (pig, beef, sheep and chicken) tissues. Sample preparation was optimized on the basis of the "QuEChERS" protocol. The analytes were identified using their LC retention times and accurate mass; the identification was further confirmed by multi-stage high mass accuracy (<5ppm) mass spectrometry. The performance of the method was evaluated according to the EU guidelines for the validation of screening methods for the analysis of veterinary drugs residues. Acceptable values were obtained for: linearity (R(2)<0.99), limit of detection (LOD, 3-26μg/kg), limit of quantification (LOQ, 11-88μg/kg), accuracy (recovery 88-112%), intra- and inter-day precision 1-14 and 1-17%, respectively, decision limit (CCα) and detection capability (CCβ) around the maximum residue limits (MRL) of SAs (100μg/kg). The method was validated by analysis of a reference material FAPAS-02188 "Pig kidney" with ǀ Z-scoreǀ<0.63. The method was applied to various matrices (kidney, liver, muscle) originated from pig, beef, sheep, and chicken) allowing the simultaneous quantification of target sulfonamides at concentration levels above the MRL/2 and the identification of untargeted compounds such as N(4)-acetyl metabolites using multi-stage high mass accuracy mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Abdallah
- CNRSL, Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission (LAEC), Laboratory for Analysis of Organic Compound (LAOC), Beirut, Lebanon; CNRS/UPPA, Laboratory of Bio-Inorganic Analytical and Environmental Chemistry (LCABIE), UMR5254, Hélioparc, 2, Av. President Angot, 64053 Pau, France
| | - C Arnaudguilhem
- CNRS/UPPA, Laboratory of Bio-Inorganic Analytical and Environmental Chemistry (LCABIE), UMR5254, Hélioparc, 2, Av. President Angot, 64053 Pau, France
| | - F Jaber
- CNRSL, Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission (LAEC), Laboratory for Analysis of Organic Compound (LAOC), Beirut, Lebanon; Laboratory of Analysis of Organic Compounds (509), Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - R Lobinski
- CNRS/UPPA, Laboratory of Bio-Inorganic Analytical and Environmental Chemistry (LCABIE), UMR5254, Hélioparc, 2, Av. President Angot, 64053 Pau, France; Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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107
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Fu M, Xu W, Lu Q, Pan G, Varga C. Evaluation and optimization of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry for phospholipid quantitation. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:811-821. [PMID: 24573813 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC/HRMS) provides an attractive alternative to the traditional triple quadrupole mass spectrometry selected reaction monitoring (SRM) methodology in the field of quantitation. METHODS An LTQ Orbitrap Velos mass spectrometer coupled with a Shimadzu UHPLC system was used. A mass extraction window (MEW) was defined to mathematically correlate with mass resolving power (MRP). Five MRP measurement conditions at 7500, 15,000, 30,000, 60,000, and 100,000, and five MEW widths at 10%, 20%, 50%, and 100% of ±1000000/MRP, and were utilized as the experimental conditions. Comparison of profile and centroid algorithms was evaluated as well. RESULTS Selection of pH 8.5 buffer, C4 column, 20% IPA, and 10 ppm H3 PO4 , minimized hydrophobic and silanol interactions to enhance separation. Narrowing the MEW minimized background noise, while over-narrowing the MEW gave signal loss due to mass accuracy deviation. The mass accuracy deviation was larger for lower MRP measurements especially with centriod data, and hence a profile algorithm was recommended. The post-ionization signal suppression was observed with low MRP and was further confirmed with the analysis of multi-level linearity. CONCLUSIONS It was found that the HPLC/HRMS method with conditions of 20% ±1000000/MRP as MEW, 30,000 or 60,000 MRP, and profile algorithm, provide optimum results for quantitation of seven model phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkun Fu
- Analytical Development Laboratories, Takeda Pharmaceutical International Co., 35 Landsdowne Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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108
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Sun J, Liu X, Yang T, Slovin J, Chen P. Profiling polyphenols of two diploid strawberry (Fragaria vesca) inbred lines using UHPLC-HRMS(n.). Food Chem 2014; 146:289-98. [PMID: 24176345 PMCID: PMC3902803 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds in the fruits of two diploid strawberries (Fragaria vesca f. semperflorens) inbred lines-Ruegen F7-4 (a red-fruited genotype) and YW5AF7 (a yellow-fruited genotype) were characterised using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS(n)). The changes of anthocyanin composition during fruit development and between Ruegen F7-4 and YW5AF7 were studied. About 67 phenolic compounds, including taxifolin 3-O-arabinoside, glycosides of quercetin, kaempferol, cyanidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, ellagic acid derivatives, and other flavonols were identified in these two inbred lines. Compared to the regular octoploid strawberry, unique phenolic compounds were found in F. vesca fruits, such as taxifolin 3-O-arabinoside (both) and peonidin 3-O-malonylglucoside (Ruegen F7-4). The results provide the basis for comparative analysis of polyphenolic compounds in yellow and red diploid strawberries, as well as with the cultivated octoploid strawberries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghao Sun
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research
Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Food Composition and Methods
Development Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States
| | - Xianjin Liu
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Food
Safety and Quality, Najing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tianbao Yang
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research
Service, Food Quality Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States
| | - Janet Slovin
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research
Service, Genetic Improvement of Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory, Beltsville, MD
20705, United States
| | - Pei Chen
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research
Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Food Composition and Methods
Development Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, United States
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109
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Corbi E, Pérès C, David N. Quantification of furocoumarins in hydroalcoholic fragrances by a liquid chromatography-high resolution/accurate mass method. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elise Corbi
- Chanel; Laboratoire Parfums, Laboratoire Recherche et Analyse; 135 avenue Charles De Gaulle 92520 Neuilly Sur Seine Cedex France
| | - Christophe Pérès
- Chanel; Laboratoire Parfums, Laboratoire Recherche et Analyse; 135 avenue Charles De Gaulle 92520 Neuilly Sur Seine Cedex France
| | - Nathalie David
- Chanel; Laboratoire Parfums, Laboratoire Recherche et Analyse; 135 avenue Charles De Gaulle 92520 Neuilly Sur Seine Cedex France
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110
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Application of ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography linear ion-trap orbitrap to qualitative and quantitative assessment of pesticide residues. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1328:66-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.12.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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111
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Determination of lipophilic marine toxins in mussels. Quantification and confirmation criteria using high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1328:16-25. [PMID: 24444801 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A multitoxin method has been developed for quantification and confirmation of lipophilic marine biotoxins in mussels by liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), using an Orbitrap-Exactive HCD mass spectrometer. Okadaic acid (OA), yessotoxin, azaspiracid-1, gymnodimine, 13-desmethyl spirolide C, pectenotoxin-2 and Brevetoxin B were analyzed as representative compounds of each lipophilic toxin group. HRMS identification and confirmation criteria were established. Fragment and isotope ions and ion ratios were studied and evaluated for confirmation purpose. In depth characterization of full scan and fragmentation spectrum of the main toxins were carried out. Accuracy (trueness and precision), linearity, calibration curve check, limit of quantification (LOQ) and specificity were the parameters established for the method validation. The validation was performed at 0.5 times the current European Union permitted levels. The method performed very well for the parameters investigated. The trueness, expressed as recovery, ranged from 80% to 94%, the precision, expressed as intralaboratory reproducibility, ranged from 5% to 22% and the LOQs range from 0.9 to 4.8pg on column. Uncertainty of the method was also estimated for OA, using a certified reference material. A top-down approach considering two main contributions: those arising from the trueness studies and those coming from the precision's determination, was used. An overall expanded uncertainty of 38% was obtained.
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112
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Yan H, Liu X, Cui F, Yun H, Li J, Ding S, Yang D, Zhang Z. Determination of amantadine and rimantadine in chicken muscle by QuEChERS pretreatment method and UHPLC coupled with LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 938:8-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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113
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Vichi S, Cortés-Francisco N, Caixach J. Determination of volatile thiols in lipid matrix by simultaneous derivatization/extraction and liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometric analysis. Application to virgin olive oil. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1318:180-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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114
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Li S, Kiehne J, Sinoway LI, Cameron CE, Huang TJ. Microfluidic opportunities in the field of nutrition. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:3993-4003. [PMID: 24056522 PMCID: PMC3875330 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc90090h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition has always been closely related to human health, which is a constant motivational force driving research in a variety of disciplines. Over the years, the rapidly emerging field of microfluidics has been pushing forward the healthcare industry with the development of microfluidic-based, point-of-care (POC) diagnostic devices. Though a great deal of work has been done in developing microfluidic platforms for disease diagnoses, potential microfluidic applications in the field of nutrition remain largely unexplored. In this Focus article, we would like to investigate the potential chances for microfluidics in the field of nutrition. We will first highlight some of the recent advances in microfluidic blood analysis systems that have the capacity to detect biomarkers of nutrition. Then we will examine existing examples of microfluidic devices for the detection of specific biomarkers of nutrition or nutrient content in food. Finally, we will discuss the challenges in this field and provide some insight into the future of applied microfluidics in nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixing Li
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. Fax: 814-865-9974; Tel: 814-863-4209;
- Cell and Developmental Biology (CDB) Graduate Program, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Justin Kiehne
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. Fax: 814-865-9974; Tel: 814-863-4209;
| | - Lawrence I. Sinoway
- Heart and Vascular Institute and Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, and Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Craig E. Cameron
- Cell and Developmental Biology (CDB) Graduate Program, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Tony Jun Huang
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. Fax: 814-865-9974; Tel: 814-863-4209;
- Cell and Developmental Biology (CDB) Graduate Program, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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115
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Wide-scope analysis of veterinary drug and pesticide residues in animal feed by liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:6543-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7060-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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116
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Kaufmann A, Walker S. Post-run target screening strategy for ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap based veterinary drug residue analysis in animal urine. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1292:104-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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117
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Coupling ultra high-pressure liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry: Constraints and possible applications. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1292:2-18. [PMID: 23062879 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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118
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Nerin C, Alfaro P, Aznar M, Domeño C. The challenge of identifying non-intentionally added substances from food packaging materials: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 775:14-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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119
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Gómez-Ramos M, Ferrer C, Malato O, Agüera A, Fernández-Alba A. Liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry for pesticide residue analysis in fruit and vegetables: Screening and quantitative studies. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1287:24-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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120
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Gilbert-López B, Geltenpoth H, Meyer C, Michels A, Hayen H, Molina-Díaz A, García-Reyes JF, Franzke J. Performance of dielectric barrier discharge ionization mass spectrometry for pesticide testing: a comparison with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization and electrospray ionization. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2013; 27:419-429. [PMID: 23280973 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The present study reports on the evaluation of dielectric barrier discharge microplasma ionization (DBDI) for liquid chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (LC/HRMS) analyses of pesticide residues in fruit and vegetables. Ionization, fragmentation, analytical performance and matrix effects displayed by LC/DBDI-MS were critically evaluated and compared with both atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electrospray (ESI), using a set of over 40 representative multiclass pesticides. METHODS Sample preparation was accomplished using standard QuEChERS procedure and the identification and quantitation of the pesticides tested accomplished by means of LC/MS with a hybrid linear quadrupole ion trap (LIT)-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometer operated in full-scan positive ion mode using DBDI, APCI and ESI sources. RESULTS The developed LC/DBDI-MS method allowed the screening of 43 pesticides in three different vegetable matrices: apple, orange and tomato. Minor matrix effects (i.e. signal suppression or enhancement ≤20%) were observed in most of the studied compounds: 95%, 70% and 81% of the studied compounds showed minor matrix effects in extracts of apple, orange and tomato, respectively. The results of the analysis of spiked orange extracts showed that the sensitivity obtained with LC/DBDI-MS is appropriate for multi-residue analysis of pesticide residues in fruit and vegetable samples. The limits of quantitation (LOQs) obtained for most of the studied pesticides were in compliance with the European Regulation 396/2005 (and subsequent updates) on food commodities (default maximum residue level of 10 µg kg(-1)). CONCLUSIONS Comparative studies with commercial sources demonstrate the suitability of DBDI as an ionization technique for residue analysis, because of the combination of the following two advantages: (1) the use of DBDI provides minimized matrix effects compared with APCI, and (2) improved the detection - in terms of sensitivity - of selected compounds that are not easily ionized by ESI, such as parathion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bienvenida Gilbert-López
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6b, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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121
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Kaufmann A, Walker S. Evaluation of the interrelationship between mass resolving power and mass error tolerances for targeted bioanalysis using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2013; 27:347-356. [PMID: 23239383 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The determination of acceptable mass error tolerances for high-resolution mass spectrometry based signals has been evaluated in a comprehensive way. This was achieved by using a technical approach which is based on the post-column infusion of an analyte containing solution. This well-known experimental setup was not used to spot signal suppression regions of a particular analyte, but to spot regions of the chromatogram where a systematic mass drift of the analyte ion can be observed (isobaric interference plot). Not the changing signal intensity but the stability of the measured analyte mass was observed. A wide range of different analytes in combinations with potentially interfering matrices has been evaluated. Furthermore, different mass resolving power settings were evaluated. Isobaric interferences between matrix compounds and analytes were common at mass resolving powers <50,000 full width at half maximum. The proposed post-column infusion technique is a useful tool for the determination of the assay and matrix-specific mass error tolerances. It aims to ensure the highest possible selectivity, at the same time preventing the encounter of detrimental mass error related peak deformations as well as false negative findings. Unlike conventional matrix spiking approaches, isobaric interference plots provide information of potential interferences across the whole chromatographic time range. This becomes relevant when there is a relative retention time shift between the analyte and potential interfering matrix compounds. Furthermore, the described setup can be used to study how the mass accuracy of any mass spectrometer is affected by a widely varying total ion current.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kaufmann
- Official Food Control Authority, Kantonales Labor Zürich, Fehrenstrasse 15, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland.
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The future key role of LC–high-resolution-MS analyses in clinical laboratories: a focus on quantification. Bioanalysis 2012; 4:2939-58. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.12.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
For the last decade, high-resolution (HR)-MS has been associated with qualitative analyses while triple quadrupole MS has been associated with routine quantitative analyses. However, a shift of this paradigm is taking place: quantitative and qualitative analyses will be increasingly performed by HR-MS, and it will become the common ‘language’ for most mass spectrometrists. Most analyses will be performed by full-scan acquisitions recording ‘all’ ions entering the HR-MS with subsequent construction of narrow-width extracted-ion chromatograms. Ions will be available for absolute quantification, profiling and data mining. In parallel to quantification, metabotyping will be the next step in clinical LC–MS analyses because it should help in personalized medicine. This article is aimed to help analytical chemists who perform targeted quantitative acquisitions with triple quadrupole MS make the transition to quantitative and qualitative analyses using HR-MS. Guidelines for the acceptance criteria of mass accuracy and for the determination of mass extraction windows in quantitative analyses are proposed.
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Polgár L, García-Reyes JF, Fodor P, Gyepes A, Dernovics M, Abrankó L, Gilbert-López B, Molina-Díaz A. Retrospective screening of relevant pesticide metabolites in food using liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry and accurate-mass databases of parent molecules and diagnostic fragment ions. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1249:83-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Quantitative/qualitative analysis using LC–HRMS: the fundamental step forward for clinical laboratories and clinical practice. Bioanalysis 2012; 4:1709-11. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.12.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Mol HGJ, Zomer P, de Koning M. Qualitative aspects and validation of a screening method for pesticides in vegetables and fruits based on liquid chromatography coupled to full scan high resolution (Orbitrap) mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:2891-908. [PMID: 22664752 PMCID: PMC3380251 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6100-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The analytical capabilities of liquid chromatography with single-stage high-resolution mass spectrometry have been investigated with emphasis on qualitative aspects related to selective detection during screening and to identification. The study involved 21 different vegetable and fruit commodities, a screening database of 556 pesticides for evaluation of false positives, and a test set of 130 pesticides spiked to the commodities at 0.01, 0.05, and 0.20 mg/kg for evaluation of false negatives. The final method involved a QuEChERS-based sample preparation (without dSPE clean up) and full scan acquisition using alternating scan events without/with fragmentation, at a resolving power of 50,000. Analyte detection was based on extraction of the exact mass (±5 ppm) of the major adduct ion at the database retention time ±30 s and the presence of a second diagnostic ion. Various options for the additional ion were investigated and compared (other adduct ions, M + 1 or M + 2 isotopes, fragments). The two-ion approach for selective detection of the pesticides in the full scan data was compared with two alternative approaches based on response thresholds. Using the two-ion approach, the number of false positives out of 11,676 pesticide/commodity combinations targeted was 36 (0.3 %). The percentage of false negatives, assessed for 2,730 pesticide/commodity combinations, was 13 %, 3 %, and 1 % at the 0.01-, 0.05-, and 0.20-mg/kg level, respectively (slightly higher with fully automated detection). Following the SANCO/12495/2011 protocol for validation of screening methods, the screening detection limit was determined for 130 pesticides and found to be 0.01, 0.05, and ≥0.20 mg/kg for 86, 30, and 14 pesticides, respectively. For the detected pesticides in the spiked samples, the ability for unambiguous identification according to EU criteria was evaluated. A proposal for adaption of the criteria was made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans G J Mol
- RIKILT Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University and Research Centre, The Netherlands.
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The Potential of Ambient Desorption Ionization Methods Combined with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for Pesticide Testing in Food. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-53810-9.00004-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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