101
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Li J, Hu Y, Li L, Wang Y, Li Q, Feng C, Lan H, Gu X, Zhao Y, Larsson M, Hu X, Li N. A Discovery of a Genetic Mutation Causing Reduction of Atrogin-1 Expression in Broiler Chicken Muscle. Front Genet 2019; 10:716. [PMID: 31475031 PMCID: PMC6704234 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chickens are bred all over the world and have significant economic value as one of the major agricultural animals. The growth rate of commercial broiler chickens is several times higher than its Red Jungle fowl (RJF) ancestor. To further improve the meat production of commercial chickens, it is quite important to decipher the genetic mechanism of chicken growth traits. In this study, we found that broiler chickens exhibited lower levels of E3 ubiquitin ligase muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx or Atrogin-1) relative to its RJF ancestor. As a ubiquitin ligase, Atrogin-1 plays a crucial role in muscle development in which its up-regulation often indicates the activation of muscle atrophic pathways. Here, we showed that the Atrogin-1 expression variance partly affects chicken muscle growth rates among different breeds. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the reduced expression of Atrogin-1 in broiler chickens was ascribed to a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), which inhibited the binding of transcription regulators and attenuated the enhancer activity. The decreased Atrogin-1 in broiler chickens suppresses the catabolism of muscle protein and preserves muscle mass. Our study facilitates the understanding of the molecular mechanism of chicken muscle development and has a high translational impact in chicken breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiu Li
- State Key Laboratories of Agro-biotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqing Hu
- State Key Laboratories of Agro-biotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratories of Agro-biotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuzhe Wang
- State Key Laboratories of Agro-biotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghe Li
- State Key Laboratories of Agro-biotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chungang Feng
- State Key Laboratories of Agro-biotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - He Lan
- State Key Laboratories of Agro-biotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaorong Gu
- State Key Laboratories of Agro-biotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratories of Agro-biotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mårten Larsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xiaoxiang Hu
- State Key Laboratories of Agro-biotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratories of Agro-biotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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102
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Zhu S, Tian Z, Torigoe D, Zhao J, Xie P, Sugizaki T, Sato M, Horiguchi H, Terada K, Kadomatsu T, Miyata K, Oike Y. Aging- and obesity-related peri-muscular adipose tissue accelerates muscle atrophy. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221366. [PMID: 31442231 PMCID: PMC6707561 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia due to loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength leads to physical inactivity and decreased quality of life. The number of individuals with sarcopenia is rapidly increasing as the number of older people increases worldwide, making this condition a medical and social problem. Some patients with sarcopenia exhibit accumulation of peri-muscular adipose tissue (PMAT) as ectopic fat deposition surrounding atrophied muscle. However, an association of PMAT with muscle atrophy has not been demonstrated. Here, we show that PMAT is associated with muscle atrophy in aged mice and that atrophy severity increases in parallel with cumulative doses of PMAT. We observed severe muscle atrophy in two different obese model mice harboring significant PMAT relative to respective control non-obese mice. We also report that denervation-induced muscle atrophy was accelerated in non-obese young mice transplanted around skeletal muscle with obese adipose tissue relative to controls transplanted with non-obese adipose tissue. Notably, transplantation of obese adipose tissue into peri-muscular regions increased nuclear translocation of FoxO transcription factors and upregulated expression FoxO targets associated with proteolysis (Atrogin1 and MuRF1) and cellular senescence (p19 and p21) in muscle. Conversely, in obese mice, PMAT removal attenuated denervation-induced muscle atrophy and suppressed upregulation of genes related to proteolysis and cellular senescence in muscle. We conclude that PMAT accumulation accelerates age- and obesity-induced muscle atrophy by increasing proteolysis and cellular senescence in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunshun Zhu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Zhe Tian
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (ZT); (YO)
| | - Daisuke Torigoe
- Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jiabin Zhao
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Peiyu Xie
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Taichi Sugizaki
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Allergy, and Vascular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Michio Sato
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Haruki Horiguchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Division of Kumamoto Mouse Clinic, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis (IRDA), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazutoyo Terada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kadomatsu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Keishi Miyata
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Allergy, and Vascular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuichi Oike
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging (CMHA), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (ZT); (YO)
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103
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Saneyasu T, Honda K, Kamisoyama H. Myostatin Increases Smad2 Phosphorylation and Atrogin-1 Expression in Chick Embryonic Myotubes. J Poult Sci 2019; 56:224-230. [PMID: 32055218 PMCID: PMC7005388 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0180092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle mass is an important trait in poultry meat production. In mammals, myostatin, a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth, activates Smad transcription factors and induces the expression of atrogin-1 by regulating the Akt/FOXO pathway. Although the amino acid sequence of chicken myostatin is known to be completely identical to its mammalian counterpart, previous studies in chicken skeletal muscles have implied that the physiological roles of chicken myostatin are different from those of mammals. Furthermore, it remains to be elucidated whether myostatin affects cellular signaling factors and atrogin-1 expression. In this study, using chick embryonic myotubes, we found that myostatin significantly increased the phosphorylation rate of Smad2 and mRNA levels of atrogin-1. No significant change was observed in the phosphorylation of Akt and FOXO1. These in vitro results suggest that the molecular mechanisms underlying myostatin-induced expression of atrogin-1 might be different between chickens and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaoki Saneyasu
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Honda
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kamisoyama
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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104
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Adhikary S, Choudhary D, Tripathi AK, Karvande A, Ahmad N, Kothari P, Trivedi R. FGF-2 targets sclerostin in bone and myostatin in skeletal muscle to mitigate the deleterious effects of glucocorticoid on musculoskeletal degradation. Life Sci 2019; 229:261-276. [PMID: 31082400 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Myokines are associated with regulation of bone and muscle mass. However, limited information is available regarding the impact of myokines on glucocorticoid (GC) mediated adverse effects on the musculoskeletal system. This study investigates the role of myokine fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) in regulating GC-induced deleterious effects on bone and skeletal muscle. METHODS Primary osteoblast cells and C2C12 myoblast cell line were treated with FGF-2 and then exposed to dexamethasone (GC). FGF-2 mediated attenuation of the inhibitory effect of GC on osteoblast and myoblast differentiation and muscle atrophy was assessed through quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. Further, FGF-2 was administered subcutaneously to dexamethasone treated mice to collect bone and skeletal muscle tissue for in vivo analysis of bone microarchitecture, mechanical strength, histomorphometry and for histological alterations in treated tissue samples. KEY FINDINGS FGF-2 abrogated the dexamethasone induced inhibitory effect on osteoblast differentiation by modulating BMP-2 pathway and inhibiting Wnt antagonist sclerostin. Further, dexamethasone induced atrophy in C2C12 cells was mitigated by FGF-2 as evident from down regulation of atrogenes expression. FGF-2 prevented GC-induced impairment of mineral density, biomechanical strength, trabecular bone volume, cortical thickness and bone formation rate in mice. Additionally, skeletal muscle tissue from GC treated mice displayed weak myostatin immunostaining and reduced expression of atrogenes following FGF-2 treatment. SIGNIFICANCE FGF-2 mitigated GC induced effects through inhibition of sclerostin and myostatin expression in bone and muscle respectively. Taken together, this study exhibited the role of exogenous FGF-2 in sustaining osteoblastogenesis and inhibiting muscle atrophy in presence of glucocorticoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulekha Adhikary
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Dharmendra Choudhary
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Tripathi
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Anirudha Karvande
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Naseer Ahmad
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Priyanka Kothari
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ritu Trivedi
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.
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105
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Chang Y, Chen Y, Liu H, Chan Y, Liu M, Hu S, Tseng W, Wu H, Wang M, Chang S. Oligonol Alleviates Sarcopenia by Regulation of Signaling Pathways Involved in Protein Turnover and Mitochondrial Quality. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1801102. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201801102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun‐Ching Chang
- Department of Life SciencesNational Cheng Kung University 701 Tainan Taiwan
- Department of NursingShu‐Zen College of Medicine and Management 821 Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Tien Chen
- School of Food SafetyTaipei Medical University 110 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Hung‐Wen Liu
- Department of Physical EducationNational Taiwan Normal University 106 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Yin‐Ching Chan
- Department of Food and NutritionProvidence University 433 Taichung Taiwan
| | - Ming‐Yi Liu
- Department of Long Term CareWu Feng University 621 Chiayi County Taiwan
| | - Shu‐Hui Hu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and BiotechnologyKaohsiung Medical University 807 Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Wei‐Tai Tseng
- Department of Life SciencesNational Cheng Kung University 701 Tainan Taiwan
| | - Hsin‐Ling Wu
- Department of Life SciencesNational Cheng Kung University 701 Tainan Taiwan
| | - Ming‐Fu Wang
- Department of Food and NutritionProvidence University 433 Taichung Taiwan
| | - Sue‐Joan Chang
- Department of Life SciencesNational Cheng Kung University 701 Tainan Taiwan
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106
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Muscle Atrophy Marker Expression Differs between Rotary Cell Culture System and Animal Studies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:2042808. [PMID: 30906768 PMCID: PMC6398068 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2042808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Muscular atrophy, defined as the loss of muscle tissue, is a serious issue for immobilized patients on Earth and for humans during spaceflight, where microgravity prevents normal muscle loading. In vitro modeling is an important step in understanding atrophy mechanisms and testing countermeasures before animal trials. The most ideal environment for modeling must be empirically determined to best mimic known responses in vivo. To simulate microgravity conditions, murine C2C12 myoblasts were cultured in a rotary cell culture system (RCCS). Alginate encapsulation was compared against polystyrene microcarrier beads as a substrate for culturing these adherent muscle cells. Changes after culture under simulated microgravity were characterized by assessing mRNA expression of MuRF1, MAFbx, Caspase 3, Akt2, mTOR, Ankrd1, and Foxo3. Protein concentration of myosin heavy chain 4 (Myh4) was used as a differentiation marker. Cell morphology and substrate structure were evaluated with brightfield and fluorescent imaging. Differentiated C2C12 cells encapsulated in alginate had a significant increase in MuRF1 only following simulated microgravity culture and were morphologically dissimilar to normal cultured muscle tissue. On the other hand, C2C12 cells cultured on polystyrene microcarriers had significantly increased expression of MuRF1, Caspase 3, and Foxo3 and easily identifiable multinucleated myotubes. The extent of differentiation was higher in simulated microgravity and protein synthesis more active with increased Myh4, Akt2, and mTOR. The in vitro microcarrier model described herein significantly increases expression of several of the same atrophy markers as in vivo models. However, unlike animal models, MAFbx and Ankrd1 were not significantly increased and the fold change in MuRF1 and Foxo3 was lower than expected. Using a standard commercially available RCCS, the substrates and culture methods described only partially model changes in mRNAs associated with atrophy in vivo.
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107
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Neuromuscular electrical stimulation improves muscle atrophy induced by chronic hypoxia-hypercapnia through the MicroRNA-486/PTEN/FoxO1 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 509:1021-1027. [PMID: 30654931 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.12.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous work has confirmed that the chronic hypoxia-hypercapnia (CHH) associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease contributes to the development of skeletal muscle atrophy. Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) has shown some efficacy when used as a treatment to reduce skeletal muscle atrophy. The present study focuses on the MicroRNA-486/PTEN/FoxO1 pathway with the goal of identifying its physiological role in skeletal muscle atrophy induced by CHH as well as its role during NMES treatment. To test this, 32 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups. After completion of the disease modeling, gastrocnemius muscles were collected from all animals and cross-sectional areas of muscular fiber were observed and analyzed via H&E staining. MiR-486 expression was further assessed by qRT-PCR, and protein levels of TNF-α, PTEN, p-Akt, Akt, FoxO1, atrogin-1 and MuRF1 were measured by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. CSA, miR-486, and the ratio p-Akt/Akt were significantly reduced in the CHH group, while the levels of TNF-α, PTEN, FoxO1, atrogin-1, and MuRF1 were markedly increased. Importantly, these findings were reversed as a result of NMES. Thus, the MicroRNA-486/PTEN/FoxO1 pathway functions in muscle protein synthesis and degradation. NEW & NOTEWORTHY: Our research provides a theoretical basis for the application of NMES as a means of improving muscle atrophy. Moreover, these therapeutic targets provide possible clues relevant to the treatment of amyotrophic diseases.
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108
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Nowak M, Suenkel B, Porras P, Migotti R, Schmidt F, Kny M, Zhu X, Wanker EE, Dittmar G, Fielitz J, Sommer T. DCAF8, a novel MuRF1 interaction partner, promotes muscle atrophy. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.233395. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.233395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The muscle-specific RING-finger protein MuRF1 constitutes a bona fide ubiquitin ligase that routes proteins like Myosin heavy chain (MyHC) to proteasomal degradation during muscle atrophy. In two unbiased screens we identified DCAF8 as a new MuRF1 binding partner. MuRF1 physically interacts with DCAF8 and both proteins localize to overlapping structures in muscle cells. Noteworthy, similar to MuRF1, DCAF8 levels increase during atrophy and the down-regulation of either protein substantially impedes muscle wasting and MyHC degradation in C2C12 myotubes, a model system for muscle differentiation and atrophy. DCAF proteins typically serve as substrate receptors in Cullin 4-type (Cul4) ubiquitin ligases (CRL) and we demonstrate that DCAF8 and MuRF1 associate with the subunits of such a protein complex. Because genetic downregulation of DCAF8 and inhibition of Cullin activity also impair myotube atrophy in C2C12 cells, our data imply that the DCAF8 promotes muscle wasting by targeting proteins like MyHC as an integral substrate receptor of a CRL4A ubiquitin ligase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Nowak
- Intracellular Proteolysis, Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, MDC, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
- Present address: DUNN Labortechnik GmbH, Thelenberg 6, 53567, Asbach, Germany
| | - Benjamin Suenkel
- Intracellular Proteolysis, Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Pablo Porras
- Proteomics and Molecular Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Diseases, MDC, USA
- Present address: European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Rebekka Migotti
- Mass Spectrometric Core Unit, MDC, USA
- Present address: ProPharma Group, Siemensdamm 62, 13627 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Schmidt
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, MDC, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
- Present address: BCRT Flow and Mass Cytometry Lab, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Kny
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, MDC, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Xiaoxi Zhu
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, MDC, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
| | - Erich E. Wanker
- Proteomics and Molecular Mechanisms of Neurodegenerative Diseases, MDC, USA
| | - Gunnar Dittmar
- Mass Spectrometric Core Unit, MDC, USA
- Present address: Proteome and Genome Research Laboratory, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1a Rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg, Europe
| | - Jens Fielitz
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, MDC, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Fleischmann Strasse 41, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Sommer
- Intracellular Proteolysis, Max Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin-Buch, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Humboldt-University Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Oudenarder Straße 16, 13347 Berlin, Germany
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109
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Wu G, Wang Y, Yang Y, Shi Y, Sun J, Xu Y, Luo T, Le G. Dietary Methionine Restriction Upregulates Endogenous H 2 S via miR-328-3p: A Potential Mechanism to Improve Liver Protein Metabolism Efficiency in a Mouse Model of High-fat-diet-induced Obesity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 63:e1800735. [PMID: 30512228 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Dietary methionine restriction (MR) promotes multifaceted health benefits. Moreover, lower rate of protein synthesis by dietary MR is associated with life span extension. The goal of this work is to explore how dietary MR would affect protein metabolism in a mouse model of high-fat-diet-induced obesity (DIO). METHODS AND RESULTS DIO mice (male C57BL/6) are subjected to dietary MR for 22 weeks. High-throughput sequencing technology, qRT-PCR analysis, and the dual luciferase reporter assay are performed to verify that MiR-328-3p directly targets cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) to modulate endogenous H2 S production. Moreover, indicators of endogenous H2 S, fractional synthesis rate (FSR), fractional growth rate (FGR), fractional degradation rate (FDR), and protein retention efficiency (PRE) are analyzed. MR results in an increase in endogenous H2 S to relieve oxidative stress and ER stress to improve protein homeostasis and metabolic efficiency in DIO mice. CONCLUSION Results show that dietary MR increases endogenous H2 S production via miR-328-3p. Furthermore, these results suggest the potential involvement of endogenous H2 S on the efficiency of protein metabolism in dietary MR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China.,Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yonghui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China.,Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Jin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China.,Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yunchong Xu
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Tingyu Luo
- Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Guowei Le
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China.,Center for Food Nutrition and Functional Food Engineering, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
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110
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Khalil R. Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway and Muscle Atrophy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1088:235-248. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1435-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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111
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Cai M, Wang Q, Liu Z, Jia D, Feng R, Tian Z. Effects of different types of exercise on skeletal muscle atrophy, antioxidant capacity and growth factors expression following myocardial infarction. Life Sci 2018; 213:40-49. [PMID: 30312703 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Myocardial infarction (MI) is accompanied with skeletal muscle abnormalities. The aims are to explore an optimal exercise mode to improve cardiac function and prevent skeletal muscle atrophy, and detect the possible mechanisms of exercise-induced inhibition of muscle atrophy. MAIN METHODS Rats were subjected to four weeks of different types of exercise after MI surgery (resistance training, RT; moderated-intensity continuous aerobic exercise, MCE and high-intensity intermittent aerobic exercise, HIA). Cardiac function, histological changes of heart and skeletal muscle, oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity and the expression of muscle atrophy-related factors were detected in skeletal muscle. KEY FINDINGS The three types of exercise improved heart function, reduced cardiac fibrosis and increased muscle weight and cross-section area (CSA) of muscle fibers in different degrees. The survival rates of MI rats intervened by RT and MCE were higher than HIA. Exercise down-regulated the mRNA levels of murf1 and atrogin-1, decreased reactive oxygen species level, increased antioxidant capacity, regulated the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), mechano growth factor (MGF), Neuregulin1 (NRG1) and Myostatin (MSTN), and activated Akt and Erk1/2 signalings in soleus muscle. Furthermore, CSA of muscle fibers and the expression of IGF1, MGF, NRG1 in skeletal muscle had correlations with cardiac function. SIGNIFICANCE RT and MCE are the first two choices for the early exercise rehabilitation following MI. All types of exercise can effectively inhibit skeletal muscle atrophy through increasing the antioxidant capacity, reducing oxidative stress and protein degradation, and regulating the growth factors expression in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxin Cai
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi' an 710119, PR China
| | - Qing'an Wang
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi' an 710119, PR China; School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi' an 710119, PR China
| | - Dandan Jia
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi' an 710119, PR China
| | - Rui Feng
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi' an 710119, PR China; College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, PR China
| | - Zhenjun Tian
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi' an 710119, PR China.
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Sakai H, Kimura M, Tsukimura Y, Yabe S, Isa Y, Kai Y, Sato F, Kon R, Ikarashi N, Narita M, Chiba Y, Kamei J. Dexamethasone exacerbates cisplatin‐induced muscle atrophy. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2018; 46:19-28. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyasu Sakai
- Department of Biomolecular PharmacologySchool of PharmacyHoshi University Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Minami Kimura
- Department of Analytical PathophysiologySchool of PharmacyHoshi University Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuka Tsukimura
- Department of Biomolecular PharmacologySchool of PharmacyHoshi University Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Saori Yabe
- Department of Biomolecular PharmacologySchool of PharmacyHoshi University Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Yosuke Isa
- Department of Biomolecular PharmacologySchool of PharmacyHoshi University Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuki Kai
- Department of Biomolecular PharmacologySchool of PharmacyHoshi University Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Fumiaki Sato
- Department of Analytical PathophysiologySchool of PharmacyHoshi University Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Risako Kon
- Department of Biomolecular PharmacologySchool of PharmacyHoshi University Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Nobutomo Ikarashi
- Department of Biomolecular PharmacologySchool of PharmacyHoshi University Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Minoru Narita
- Department of PharmacologySchool of PharmacyHoshi University Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Chiba
- Department of Physiology and Molecular SciencesSchool of PharmacyHoshi University Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo Japan
| | - Junzo Kamei
- Department of Biomolecular PharmacologySchool of PharmacyHoshi University Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo Japan
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113
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Farhat F, Grosset JF, Canon F. Water deprivation decreases strength in fast twitch muscle in contrast to slow twitch muscle in rat. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 224:e13072. [PMID: 29633518 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM The effects of dehydration on muscle performance in human are still contradictory, notably regarding muscle force. The effect of water deprivation (WD) on mechanical properties of skeletal muscle, and more precisely its impact on slow and fast muscles, remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine for the first time whether WD leads to changes in contractile properties of skeletal muscle and whether these changes were muscle-type-specific. METHODS Sixteen-week-old male rats were assigned to either a control group (C) with water or a 96-hour WD group. At the end of the period, twitch and tetanus properties, as well as biochemical and structural analysis, were performed on soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles. RESULTS Absolute twitch (Pt) and tetanic (P0 ) tension were, respectively, 17% and 14% lower in EDL of WD rats as compared with C rats, whereas unexpected increases of 43% and 25% were observed in SOL. Tensions normalized with respect to muscle mass were not affected by WD in EDL, whereas they were increased by more than 40% in SOL. A 96-hour WD period leads to a decrease in fibre cross-sectional area and absolute myofibrillar content only in EDL. CONCLUSION It is hypothesized that differences in the results between slow and fast muscles may come from (i) a muscle-type-specific effect of WD on protein balance, EDL showing a greater myofibrillar protein breakdown and (ii) a greater sensitivity to osmolality changes induced by WD in EDL than in SOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Farhat
- CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering; Université de Technologie de Compiègne; Sorbonne University; Compiègne France
| | - J. F. Grosset
- CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering; Université de Technologie de Compiègne; Sorbonne University; Compiègne France
- Sorbonne Paris Cité; UFR Santé Médecine et Biologie Humaine; Université Paris 13; Bobigny France
| | - F. Canon
- CNRS, UMR 7338 Biomechanics and Bioengineering; Université de Technologie de Compiègne; Sorbonne University; Compiègne France
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Theilen NT, Jeremic N, Weber GJ, Tyagi SC. Exercise preconditioning diminishes skeletal muscle atrophy after hindlimb suspension in mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 125:999-1010. [PMID: 29975600 PMCID: PMC6230574 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00137.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether short-term, concurrent exercise training before hindlimb suspension (HLS) prevents or diminishes both soleus and gastrocnemius atrophy and to analyze whether changes in mitochondrial molecular markers were associated. Male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to control at 13 ± 1 wk of age, 7-day HLS at 12 ± 1 wk of age (HLS), 2 wk of exercise training before 7-day HLS at 10 ± 1 wk of age (Ex+HLS), and 2 wk of exercise training at 11 ± 1 wk of age (Ex) groups. HLS resulted in a 27.1% and 21.5% decrease in soleus and gastrocnemius muscle weight-to-body weight ratio, respectively. Exercise training before HLS resulted in a 5.6% and 8.1% decrease in soleus and gastrocnemius weight-to-body weight ratio, respectively. Exercise increased mitochondrial biogenesis- and function-associated markers and slow myosin heavy chain (SMHC) expression, and reduced fiber-type transitioning marker myosin heavy chain 4 (Myh4). Ex+HLS revealed decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress compared with HLS. Our data indicated the time before an atrophic setting, particularly caused by muscle unloading, may be a useful period to intervene short-term, progressive exercise training to prevent skeletal muscle atrophy and is associated with mitochondrial biogenesis, function, and redox balance. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with disuse-induced skeletal muscle atrophy, whereas exercise is known to increase mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Here we provide evidence of short-term concurrent exercise training before an atrophic event protecting skeletal muscle from atrophy in two separate muscles with different, dominant fiber-types, and we reveal an association with the adaptive changes of mitochondrial molecular markers to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas T Theilen
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Nevena Jeremic
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Gregory J Weber
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
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WNK1 regulates skeletal muscle cell hypertrophy by modulating the nuclear localization and transcriptional activity of FOXO4. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9101. [PMID: 29904119 PMCID: PMC6002401 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27414-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
With-no-lysine (K) (WNK) kinases, which are mutated in the inherited form of hypertension pseudohypoaldosteronism type II, are essential regulators of membrane ion transporters. Here, we report that WNK1 positively regulates skeletal muscle cell hypertrophy via mediating the function of the pro-longevity transcription factor forkhead box protein O4 (FOXO4) independent of the conventional WNK signaling pathway linking SPS/STE20-related proline-alanine–rich kinase (SPAK)/oxidative stress response kinase 1 (OSR1) to downstream effector ion transporters. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing of WNK1, but not SPAK/OSR1 kinases, induced myotube atrophy and remarkable increases in the mRNA expression of the muscle atrophy ubiquitin ligases MAFbx and MuRF1 in C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle cells. WNK1 silencing also increased FOXO4 nuclear localization, and co-transfection of Foxo4-targeted siRNA completely reversed the myotube atrophy and upregulation of atrogene transcription induced by WNK1 silencing. We further illustrated that WNK1 protein abundance in skeletal muscle was increased by chronic voluntary wheel running exercise (hypertrophic stimulus) and markedly decreased by adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (atrophic stimulus) in mice. These findings suggest that WNK1 is involved in the physiological regulation of mammalian skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy via interactions with FOXO4. The WNK1-FOXO4 axis may be a potential therapeutic target in human diseases causing sarcopenia.
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116
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Gao Y, Arfat Y, Wang H, Goswami N. Muscle Atrophy Induced by Mechanical Unloading: Mechanisms and Potential Countermeasures. Front Physiol 2018; 9:235. [PMID: 29615929 PMCID: PMC5869217 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged periods of skeletal muscle inactivity or mechanical unloading (bed rest, hindlimb unloading, immobilization, spaceflight and reduced step) can result in a significant loss of musculoskeletal mass, size and strength which ultimately lead to muscle atrophy. With advancement in understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in disuse skeletal muscle atrophy, several different signaling pathways have been studied to understand their regulatory role in this process. However, substantial gaps exist in our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms involved, as well as their functional significance. This review aims to update the current state of knowledge and the underlying cellular mechanisms related to skeletal muscle loss during a variety of unloading conditions, both in humans and animals. Recent advancements in understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms, including IGF1-Akt-mTOR, MuRF1/MAFbx, FOXO, and potential triggers of disuse atrophy, such as calcium overload and ROS overproduction, as well as their role in skeletal muscle protein adaptation to disuse is emphasized. We have also elaborated potential therapeutic countermeasures that have shown promising results in preventing and restoring disuse-induced muscle loss. Finally, identified are the key challenges in this field as well as some future prospectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yasir Arfat
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nandu Goswami
- Physiology Unit, Otto Loewi Center of Research for Vascular Biology, Immunity and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Gerlinger-Romero F, Guimarães-Ferreira L, Yonamine CY, Salgueiro RB, Nunes MT. Effects of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) on the expression of ubiquitin ligases, protein synthesis pathways and contractile function in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) of fed and fasting rats. J Physiol Sci 2018; 68:165-174. [PMID: 28083734 PMCID: PMC10717962 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-016-0520-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), a leucine metabolite, enhances the gain of skeletal muscle mass by increasing protein synthesis or attenuating protein degradation or both. The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of HMB on molecular factors controlling skeletal muscle protein synthesis and degradation, as well as muscle contractile function, in fed and fasted conditions. Wistar rats were supplied daily with HMB (320 mg/kg body weight diluted in NaCl-0.9%) or vehicle only (control) by gavage for 28 days. After this period, some of the animals were subjected to a 24-h fasting, while others remained in the fed condition. The EDL muscle was then removed, weighed and used to evaluate the genes and proteins involved in protein synthesis (AKT/4E-BP1/S6) and degradation (Fbxo32 and Trim63). A sub-set of rats were used to measure in vivo muscle contractile function. HMB supplementation increased AKT phosphorylation during fasting (three-fold). In the fed condition, no differences were detected in atrogenes expression between control and HMB supplemented group; however, HMB supplementation did attenuate the fasting-induced increase in their expression levels. Fasting animals receiving HMB showed improved sustained tetanic contraction times (one-fold) and an increased muscle to tibia length ratio (1.3-fold), without any cross-sectional area changes. These results suggest that HMB supplementation under fasting conditions increases AKT phosphorylation and attenuates the increased of atrogenes expression, followed by a functional improvement and gain of skeletal muscle weight, suggesting that HMB protects skeletal muscle against the deleterious effects of fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico Gerlinger-Romero
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil.
- Prédio Biomédicas I-Cidade Universitária-Butantã, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 1524, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-900, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Guimarães-Ferreira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
- Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Sports, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Caio Yogi Yonamine
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael Barrera Salgueiro
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Tereza Nunes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
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Pinheiro-Dardis CM, Gutierres VO, Assis RP, Peviani SM, Delfino GB, Durigan JLQ, Salvini TDF, Baviera AM, Brunetti IL. Insulin treatment reverses the increase in atrogin-1 expression in atrophied skeletal muscles of diabetic rats with acute joint inflammation. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2018; 14:275-286. [PMID: 29497304 PMCID: PMC5818839 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s142948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in biomarkers of skeletal muscle proteolysis (atrogin-1, muscle RING finger-1 protein [MuRF-1]) and inflammation (nuclear factor kappa-B) in skeletal muscles of rats under two catabolic conditions, diabetes mellitus (DM) and acute joint inflammation, and the effects of insulin therapy. Materials and methods Male Wistar rats were divided into groups without diabetes – normal (N), saline (NS), or ι-carrageenan (NCa) injection into the tibiotarsal joint – and groups with diabetes – diabetes (D), plus insulin (DI), saline (DS), or ι-carrageenan (DCa) injection into the tibiotarsal joint, or ι-carrageenan injection and treatment with insulin (DCaI). Three days after ι-carrageenan injection (17 days after diabetes induction), tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus (SO) skeletal muscles were used for analysis. Results DM alone caused a significant decrease in the mass of TA and SO muscles, even with low levels of atrogenes (atrogin-1, MuRF-1), which could be interpreted as an adaptive mechanism to spare muscle proteins under this catabolic condition. The loss of muscle mass was exacerbated when ι-carrageenan was administered in the joints of diabetic rats, in association with increased expression of atrogin-1, MuRF-1, and nuclear factor kappa-B. Treatment with insulin prevented the increase in atrogin-1 (TA, SO) and the loss of muscle mass (SO) in diabetic-carrageenan rats; in comparison with TA, SO muscle was more responsive to the anabolic actions of insulin. Conclusion Acute joint inflammation overcame the adaptive mechanism in diabetic rats to prevent excessive loss of muscle mass, worsening the catabolic state. The treatment of diabetic-carrageenan rats with insulin prevented the loss of skeletal muscle mass mainly via atrogin-1 inhibition. Under the condition of DM and inflammation, muscles with the prevalence of slow-twitch, type 1 fibers were more responsive to insulin treatment, recovering the ability to grow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Maria Pinheiro-Dardis
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vânia Ortega Gutierres
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata Pires Assis
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Messa Peviani
- Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Department of Physical Therapy, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Borges Delfino
- Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Department of Physical Therapy, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Tania de Fátima Salvini
- Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Department of Physical Therapy, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Martins Baviera
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iguatemy Lourenço Brunetti
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Clinical Analysis, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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119
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Welch C, K Hassan-Smith Z, A Greig C, M Lord J, A Jackson T. Acute Sarcopenia Secondary to Hospitalisation - An Emerging Condition Affecting Older Adults. Aging Dis 2018; 9:151-164. [PMID: 29392090 PMCID: PMC5772853 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2017.0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been increasing interest and research into sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults since the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) agreed a consensus definition in 2010. Sarcopenia has been defined as loss of muscle mass with loss of muscle function (strength or physical performance), with measurements two Standard Deviations (SDs) below the mean of a young reference population. This definition does not necessitate longitudinal measurements, or the absence of acute illness and diagnosis can be made from single measurements. We hypothesise that hospitalisation, due to a combination of acute inflammatory burden and muscle disuse, leads to an acute decline in muscle mass and function and may lead to some individuals meeting criteria for sarcopenia, acutely, based on the EWGSOP definition. This may be partially recoverable or may lead to increased risk of developing sarcopenia long-term. We have denoted the term “acute sarcopenia” to refer to acute loss of muscle mass and function associated with hospitalisation. This review discusses some of the current available research in this context and also identifies some of the knowledge gaps and potential areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Welch
- 1Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.,2Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham: B15 2WB, UK
| | - Zaki K Hassan-Smith
- 2Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham: B15 2WB, UK.,3Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.,4Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Carolyn A Greig
- 5School of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.,6MRC Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Janet M Lord
- 1Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.,6MRC Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Thomas A Jackson
- 1Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.,2Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham: B15 2WB, UK
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120
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Kawanishi N, Nozaki R, Naito H, Machida S. TLR4-defective (C3H/HeJ) mice are not protected from cast immobilization-induced muscle atrophy. Physiol Rep 2018; 5:5/8/e13255. [PMID: 28432254 PMCID: PMC5408285 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that activation of Toll‐like receptor (TLR)4 signaling may be an important factor in muscle atrophy and excessive inflammatory response associated with immobilization. To examine the role of TLR4 signaling on cast immobilization‐induced skeletal muscle atrophy, we tested the hypothesis that muscle atrophy and inflammation after cast immobilization is reduced in TLR4‐defective mice. TLR4‐defective (C3H/HeJ) and wild type (C3H/HeN) mice were divided into control and cast‐immobilization groups. Cast immobilization was imposed for 14 days. Cast immobilization increased TLR4 mRNA expression in the gastrocnemius and decreased muscle mass and cross‐sectional area (CSA) of the gastrocnemius fibers. However, there was no difference in the gastrocnemius muscle mass and CSA between TLR4‐defective and wild type mice. Cast immobilization‐induced increase in ubiquitin E3 ligases (MAFbx/Atrogin‐1 and MuRF1), inflammatory cytokines, and macrophage/monocyte marker mRNAs were unaffected by defective TLR4. Our findings in C3H/HeJ mice suggested that TLR4 signaling might not play an essential role in immobilization‐induced muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Kawanishi
- Institute of Health & Sports Science and Medicine, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan.,Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Risa Nozaki
- Guraduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Institute of Health & Sports Science and Medicine, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan.,Guraduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shuichi Machida
- Institute of Health & Sports Science and Medicine, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan .,Guraduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan
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121
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Yakabe M, Ogawa S, Ota H, Iijima K, Eto M, Ouchi Y, Akishita M. Inhibition of interleukin-6 decreases atrogene expression and ameliorates tail suspension-induced skeletal muscle atrophy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191318. [PMID: 29351340 PMCID: PMC5774788 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an inflammatory cytokine. Whether systemic IL-6 affects atrogene expression and disuse-induced skeletal muscle atrophy is unclear. METHODS Tail-suspended mice were used as a disuse-induced muscle atrophy model. We administered anti-mouse IL-6 receptor antibody, beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) and vitamin D to the mice and examined the effects on atrogene expression and muscle atrophy. RESULTS Serum IL-6 levels were elevated in the mice. Inhibition of IL-6 receptor suppressed muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1) expression and prevented muscle atrophy. HMB and vitamin D inhibited the serum IL-6 surge, downregulated the expression of MuRF1 and atrogin-1 in the soleus muscle, and ameliorated atrophy in the mice. CONCLUSION Systemic IL-6 affects MuRF1 expression and disuse-induced muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsutaka Yakabe
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sumito Ogawa
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hidetaka Ota
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuya Iijima
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masato Eto
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Ouchi
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations, Toranomon Hospital, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Akishita
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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The Role of IGF-1 Signaling in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1088:109-137. [PMID: 30390250 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1435-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a key anabolic growth factor stimulating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling which is well known for regulating muscle hypertrophy. However, the role of IGF-1 in muscle atrophy is less clear. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms via which IGF-1 signaling is implicated in several conditions of muscle atrophy and via which mechanisms protein turnover is altered. IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling stimulates the rate of protein synthesis via p70S6Kinase and p90 ribosomal S6 kinase and negatively regulates protein degradation, predominantly by its inhibiting effect on proteasomal and lysosomal protein degradation. Caspase-dependent protein degradation is also attenuated by IGF/PI3K/Akt signaling, whereas evidence for an effect on calpain-dependent protein degradation is inconclusive. IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling reduces during denervation-, unloading-, and joint immobilization-induced muscle atrophy, whereas IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling seems unaltered during aging-associated muscle atrophy. During denervation and aging, IGF-1 overexpression or injection counteracts denervation- and aging-associated muscle atrophy, despite enhanced anabolic resistance with regard to IGF-1 signaling with aging. It remains unclear whether pharmacological stimulation of IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling attenuates immobilization- or unloading-induced muscle atrophy. Exploration of the possibilities to interfere with IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling reveals that microRNAs targeting IGF-1 signaling components are promising targets to counterbalance muscle atrophy. Overall, the findings summarized in this review show that in disuse conditions, but not with aging, IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling is attenuated and that in some conditions stimulation of this pathway may alleviate skeletal muscle atrophy.
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Welch RD, Billon C, Valfort AC, Burris TP, Flaveny CA. Pharmacological inhibition of REV-ERB stimulates differentiation, inhibits turnover and reduces fibrosis in dystrophic muscle. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17142. [PMID: 29215066 PMCID: PMC5719458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17496-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a debilitating X-linked disorder that is fatal. DMD patients lack the expression of the structural protein dystrophin caused by mutations within the DMD gene. The absence of functional dystrophin protein results in excessive damage from normal muscle use due to the compromised structural integrity of the dystrophin associated glycoprotein complex. As a result, DMD patients exhibit ongoing cycles of muscle destruction and regeneration that promote inflammation, fibrosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, satellite cell (SC) exhaustion and loss of skeletal and cardiac muscle function. The nuclear receptor REV-ERB suppresses myoblast differentiation and recently we have demonstrated that the REV-ERB antagonist, SR8278, stimulates muscle regeneration after acute injury. Therefore, we decided to explore whether the REV-ERB antagonist SR8278 could slow the progression of muscular dystrophy. In mdx mice SR8278 increased lean mass and muscle function, and decreased muscle fibrosis and muscle protein degradation. Interestingly, we also found that SR8278 increased the SC pool through stimulation of Notch and Wnt signaling. These results suggest that REV-ERB is a potent target for the treatment of DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D Welch
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Cyrielle Billon
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Aurore-Cecile Valfort
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Thomas P Burris
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Colin A Flaveny
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63104, USA.
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Holeček M, Mičuda S. Amino acid concentrations and protein metabolism of two types of rat skeletal muscle in postprandial state and after brief starvation. Physiol Res 2017; 66:959-967. [PMID: 28937247 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated amino acid concentrations and protein metabolism in musculus extensor digitorum longus (EDL, fast-twitch, white muscle) and musculus soleus (SOL, slow-twitch, red muscle) of rats sacrificed in the fed state or after one day of starvation. Fractional protein synthesis rates (FRPS) were measured using the flooding dose method (L-[3,4,5-3H]phenylalanine). Activities of two major proteolytic systems in muscle (the ubiquitin-proteasome and lysosomal) were examined by measurement of chymotrypsin like activity of proteasome (CTLA), expression of ubiquitin ligases atrogin-1 and muscle-ring-finger-1 (MuRF-1), and cathepsin B and L activities. Intramuscular concentrations of the most of non-essential amino acids, FRPS, CTLA and cathepsin B and L activities were in postprandial state higher in SOL when compared with EDL. The differences in atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 expression were insignificant. Starvation decreased concentrations of a number of amino acids and increased concentrations of valine, leucine, and isoleucine in blood plasma. Starvation also decreased intramuscular concentrations of a number of amino acids differently in EDL and SOL, decreased protein synthesis (by 31 % in SOL and 47 % in EDL), and increased expression of atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 in EDL. The effect of starvation on CTLA and cathepsin B and L activities was insignificant. It is concluded that slow-twitch (red) muscles have higher rates of protein turnover and may adapt better to brief starvation when compared to fast-twitch (white) muscles. This phenomenon may play a role in more pronounced atrophy of white muscles in aging and muscle wasting disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Holeček
- Department of Physiology and Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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125
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Comprehensive analysis of lncRNAs and mRNAs in skeletal muscle of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to estradiol. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11780. [PMID: 28924252 PMCID: PMC5603547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Estradiol (E2) is a steroid hormone that negatively affects muscle growth in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), but the mechanisms directing with this response are not fully understood. To better characterize the effects of E2 in muscle, we identified differentially regulated mRNAs and lncRNAs in juvenile rainbow trout exposed to E2. Here, we performed next-generation RNA sequencing and comprehensive bioinformatics analyses to characterize the transcriptome profiles, including mRNAs and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), in skeletal muscle of rainbow trout injected with E2. A total of 226 lncRNAs and 253 mRNAs were identified as differentially regulated. We identified crucial pathways, including several signal transduction pathways, hormone response, oxidative response and protein, carbon and fatty acid metabolism pathways. Subsequently, a functional lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network was constructed, which consisted of 681 co-expression relationships between 164 lncRNAs and 201 mRNAs. Moreover, a lncRNA-pathway network was constructed. A total of 65 key lncRNAs were identified that regulate 20 significantly enriched pathways. Overall, our analysis provides insights into mRNA and lncRNA networks in rainbow trout skeletal muscle and their regulation by E2 while understanding the molecular mechanism of lncRNAs.
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Sadri H, Steinhoff-Wagner J, Hammon HM, Bruckmaier RM, Görs S, Sauerwein H. Mammalian target of rapamycin signaling and ubiquitin proteasome-related gene expression in 3 different skeletal muscles of colostrum- versus formula-fed calves. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:9428-9441. [PMID: 28918148 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The rates of protein turnover are higher during the neonatal period than at any other time in postnatal life. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the ubiquitin-proteasome system are key pathways regulating cellular protein turnover. The objectives of this study were (1) to elucidate the effect of feeding colostrum versus milk-based formula on the mRNA abundance of key components of the mTOR pathway and of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in skeletal muscle of neonatal calves and (2) to compare different muscles. German Holstein calves were fed either colostrum (COL; n = 7) or milk-based formula (FOR; n = 7) up to 4 d of life. The nutrient content in formula and colostrum was similar, but formula had lower concentrations of free branched-chain AA (BCAA) and free total AA, insulin, and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I than colostrum. Blood samples were taken from d 1 to 4 before morning feeding and before and 2 h after the last feeding on d 4. Muscle samples from M. longissimus dorsi (MLD), M. semitendinosus (MST), and M. masseter (MM) were collected after slaughter on d 4 at 2 h after feeding. The preprandial concentrations of free total AA and BCAA, insulin, and IGF-I in plasma changed over time but did not differ between groups. Plasma free total AA and BCAA concentrations decreased in COL, whereas they increased in FOR after feeding, resulting in higher postprandial plasma total AA and BCAA concentrations in FOR than in COL. Plasma insulin concentrations increased after feeding in both groups but were higher in COL than in FOR. Plasma IGF-I concentrations decreased in COL, whereas they remained unchanged in FOR after feeding. The mRNA abundance of mTOR and ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) in 3 different skeletal muscles was greater in COL than in FOR, whereas that of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4EBP1) was unaffected by diet. The mRNA abundance of ubiquitin activating enzyme (UBA1) and ubiquitin conjugating enzyme 1 (UBE2G1) enzymes was not affected by diet, whereas that of ubiquitin conjugating enzyme 2 (UBE2G2) was greater (MLD) or tended to be greater (MM) in COL than in FOR. The mRNA abundance of atrogin-1 in MLD and MST was lower in COL than in FOR, whereas that of muscle ring finger protein-1 (MuRF1) was greater (MST) or tended to be greater (MLD). The abundance of MuRF1 mRNA was highest in MST, followed by MLD, and was lowest in MM. The results indicate that colostrum feeding may stimulate protein turnover that may result in a high rate of protein deposition in a muscle type-specific manner. Such effects seem to be mediated by the postprandial increase in plasma insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sadri
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene Unit, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany; Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, 5166616471 Tabriz, Iran
| | - J Steinhoff-Wagner
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Harald M Hammon
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - R M Bruckmaier
- Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Görs
- Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - H Sauerwein
- Institute of Animal Science, Physiology and Hygiene Unit, University of Bonn, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
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Chen YW, Gregory C, Ye F, Harafuji N, Lott D, Lai SH, Mathur S, Scarborough M, Gibbs P, Baligand C, Vandenborne K. Molecular signatures of differential responses to exercise trainings during rehabilitation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 2. [PMID: 28845464 PMCID: PMC5568829 DOI: 10.15761/bgg.1000127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The loss and recovery of muscle mass and function following injury and during rehabilitation varies among individuals. While recent expression profiling studies have illustrated transcriptomic responses to muscle disuse and remodeling, how these changes contribute to the physiological responses are not clear. In this study, we quantified the effects of immobilization and subsequent rehabilitation training on muscle size and identified molecular pathways associated with muscle responsiveness in an orthopaedic patient cohort study. The injured leg of 16 individuals with ankle injury was immobilized for a minimum of 4 weeks, followed by a 6-week rehabilitation program. The maximal cross-sectional area (CSA) of the medial gastrocnemius muscle of the immobilized and control legs were determined by T1-weighted axial MRI images. Genome-wide mRNA profiling data were used to identify molecular signatures that distinguish the patients who responded to immobilization and rehabilitation and those who were considered minimal responders. RESULTS: Using 6% change as the threshold to define responsiveness, a greater degree of changes in muscle size was noted in high responders (−14.9 ± 3.6%) compared to low responders (0.1 ± 0.0%) during immobilization. In addition, a greater degree of changes in muscle size was observed in high responders (20.5 ± 3.2%) compared to low responders (2.5 ± 0.9%) at 6-week rehabilitation. Microarray analysis showed a higher number of genes differentially expressed in the responders compared to low responders in general; with more expression changes observed at the acute stage of rehabilitation in both groups. Pathways analysis revealed top molecular pathways differentially affected in the groups, including genes involved in mitochondrial function, protein turn over, integrin signaling and inflammation. This study confirmed the extent of muscle atrophy due to immobilization and recovery by exercise training is associated with distinct remodeling signature, which can potentially be used for evaluating and predicting clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Chen
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington DC, USA.,Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Chris Gregory
- Department of Health Sciences and Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Fan Ye
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Naoe Harafuji
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Donovan Lott
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - San-Huei Lai
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Sunita Mathur
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, USA
| | - Mark Scarborough
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Parker Gibbs
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Celine Baligand
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Krista Vandenborne
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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128
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Sakai H, Kimura M, Isa Y, Yabe S, Maruyama A, Tsuruno Y, Kai Y, Sato F, Yumoto T, Chiba Y, Narita M. Effect of acute treadmill exercise on cisplatin-induced muscle atrophy in the mouse. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:1495-1505. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-017-2045-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Camerino GM, Musumeci O, Conte E, Musaraj K, Fonzino A, Barca E, Marino M, Rodolico C, Tricarico D, Camerino C, Carratù MR, Desaphy JF, De Luca A, Toscano A, Pierno S. Risk of Myopathy in Patients in Therapy with Statins: Identification of Biological Markers in a Pilot Study. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:500. [PMID: 28798690 PMCID: PMC5529355 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Statin therapy may induce skeletal muscle damage ranging from myalgia to severe rhabdomyolysis. Our previous preclinical studies showed that statin treatment in rats involves the reduction of skeletal muscle ClC-1 chloride channel expression and related chloride conductance (gCl). An increase of the activity of protein kinase C theta (PKC theta) isoform, able to inactivate ClC-1, may contribute to destabilize sarcolemma excitability. These effects can be detrimental for muscle function leading to drug-induced myopathy. Our goal is to study the causes of statin-induced muscle side effects in patients at the aim to identify biological markers useful to prevent and counteract statin-induced muscle damage. We examined 10 patients, who experienced myalgia and hyper-CK-emia after starting statin therapy compared to 9 non-myopathic subjects not using lipid-lowering drugs. Western Blot (WB) analysis showed a 40% reduction of ClC-1 protein and increased expression of phosphorylated PKC in muscle biopsies of statin-treated patients with respect to untreated subjects, independently from their age and statin type. Real-time PCR analysis showed that despite reduction of the protein, the ClC-1 mRNA was not significantly changed, suggesting post-transcriptional modification. The mRNA expression of a series of genes was also evaluated. MuRF-1 was increased in accord with muscle atrophy, MEF-2, calcineurin (CN) and GLUT-4 transporter were reduced, suggesting altered transcription, alteration of glucose homeostasis and energy deficit. Accordingly, the phosphorylated form of AMPK, measured by WB, was increased, suggesting cytoprotective process activation. In parallel, mRNA expression of Notch-1, involved in muscle cell proliferation, was highly expressed in statin-treated patients, indicating active regeneration. Also, PGC-1-alpha and isocitrate-dehydrogenase increased expression together with increased activity of mitochondrial citrate-synthase, measured by spectrophotometric assay, suggests mitochondrial biogenesis. Thus, the reduction of ClC-1 protein and consequent sarcolemma hyperexcitability together with energy deficiency appear to be among the most important alterations to be associated with statin-related risk of myopathy in humans. Thus, it may be important to avoid statin treatment in pathologies characterized by energy deficit and chloride channel malfunction. This study validates the measure of ClC-1 expression as a reliable clinical test for assessing statin-dependent risk of myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia M Camerino
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy and Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo MoroBari, Italy
| | - Olimpia Musumeci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Elena Conte
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy and Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo MoroBari, Italy
| | - Kejla Musaraj
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy and Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo MoroBari, Italy
| | - Adriano Fonzino
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy and Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo MoroBari, Italy
| | - Emanuele Barca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Marco Marino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Carmelo Rodolico
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Domenico Tricarico
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy and Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo MoroBari, Italy
| | - Claudia Camerino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical SchoolBari, Italy
| | - Maria R Carratù
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical SchoolBari, Italy
| | - Jean-François Desaphy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical SchoolBari, Italy
| | - Annamaria De Luca
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy and Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo MoroBari, Italy
| | - Antonio Toscano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of MessinaMessina, Italy
| | - Sabata Pierno
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy and Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo MoroBari, Italy
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Li F, Li X, Peng X, Sun L, Jia S, Wang P, Ma S, Zhao H, Yu Q, Huo H. Ginsenoside Rg1 prevents starvation-induced muscle protein degradation via regulation of AKT/mTOR/FoxO signaling in C2C12 myotubes. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:1241-1247. [PMID: 28781621 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is often caused by catabolic conditions including fasting, disuse, aging and chronic diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Atrophy occurs when the protein degradation rate exceeds the rate of protein synthesis. Therefore, maintaining a balance between the synthesis and degradation of protein in muscle cells is a major way to prevent skeletal muscle atrophy. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) is a primary active ingredient in Panax ginseng, which is considered to be one of the most valuable herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. In the current study, Rg1 was observed to inhibit the expression of MuRF-1 and atrogin-1 in C2C12 muscle cells in a starvation model. Rg1 also activated the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), protein kinase B (AKT), and forkhead transcription factor O, subtypes 1 and 3a. This phosphorylation was inhibited by LY294002, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor. These data suggest that Rg1 may participate in the regulation of the balance between protein synthesis and degradation, and that the function of Rg1 is associated with the AKT/mTOR/FoxO signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyu Li
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | - Xuewei Peng
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | - Lili Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | - Shengnan Jia
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | - Qingmiao Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Huo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
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131
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Jeong J, Park CH, Kim I, Kim YH, Yoon JM, Kim KS, Kim JB. Korean mistletoe (Viscum album coloratum) extract regulates gene expression related to muscle atrophy and muscle hypertrophy. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:68. [PMID: 28109285 PMCID: PMC5251312 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1575-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Korean mistletoe (Viscum album coloratum) is a semi-parasitic plant that grows on various trees and has a diverse range of effects on biological functions, being implicated in having anti-tumor, immunostimulatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity properties. Recently, we also reported that Korean mistletoe extract (KME) improves endurance exercise in mice, suggesting its beneficial roles in enhancing the capacity of skeletal muscle. Methods We examined the expression pattern of several genes concerned with muscle physiology in C2C12 myotubes cells to identify whether KME inhibits muscle atrophy or promotes muscle hypertrophy. We also investigated these effects of KME in denervated mice model. Results Interestingly, KME induced the mRNA expression of SREBP-1c, PGC-1α, and GLUT4, known positive regulators of muscle hypertrophy, in C2C12 cells. On the contrary, KME reduced the expression of Atrogin-1, which is directly involved in the induction of muscle atrophy. In animal models, KME mitigated the decrease of muscle weight in denervated mice. The expression of Atrogin-1 was also diminished in those mice. Moreover, KME enhanced the grip strength and muscle weight in long-term feeding mice. Conclusions Our results suggest that KME has beneficial effects on muscle atrophy and muscle hypertrophy.
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Lin XY, Chen SZ. Calpain inhibitors ameliorate muscle wasting in a cachectic mouse model bearing CT26 colorectal adenocarcinoma. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:1601-1610. [PMID: 28112357 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-related cachexia involves increased protein breakdown through various proteolytic pathways, including the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP). We hypothesized that a calcium- and calpain-dependent pathway might play a crucial role during the proteolytic procedure, and that pathway interventions would ameliorate cancer cachexia in vivo. After being inoculated with CT26 adenocarcinoma cell culture subcutaneously, BALB/c mice developed cachexia in 12 days. They were then administered with different types of calpain inhibitors individually or in combination for 7 consecutive days. Eighteen healthy mice were also assessed as a control group. Changes in body weight, gastrocnemius muscle mass, tumor volume, food intake, survival time, and serum nutritional markers were monitored. Also measured were the levels of calpains, E3 ubiquitin ligases, and apoptosis-associated markers in gastrocnemius muscle. Our study showed that the intraperitoneal administration of calpain inhibitors significantly improved tumor-free body weight and gastrocnemius muscle mass in all treatment groups. Treatment with calpain inhibitors also ameliorated cachexia-associated negative effects in metabolic profiles and increased survival time in most of the tumor-bearing mice compared with the cachexia controls. Furthermore, calpain inhibitors reduced the calpain activity and the expression of MuRF-1 and atrogin-1 in all treatment groups, while increasing the level of cleaved caspase-3 and BAX and lowering the level of BCL-2 in some groups. These results justify further evaluation of calpain inhibitors both alone and in combination with other candidate agents as a potential new therapeutic strategy for treating cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yu Lin
- The First Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
| | - Si-Zeng Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, P.R. China
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Sakuma K, Aoi W, Yamaguchi A. Molecular mechanism of sarcopenia and cachexia: recent research advances. Pflugers Arch 2017; 469:573-591. [PMID: 28101649 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-016-1933-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle provides a fundamental basis for human function, enabling locomotion and respiration. Muscle loss occurs as a consequence of several chronic diseases (cachexia) and normal aging (sarcopenia). Although many negative regulators (atrogin-1, muscle ring finger-1, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), myostatin, etc.) have been proposed to enhance protein degradation during both sarcopenia and cachexia, the adaptation of these mediators markedly differs within both conditions. Sarcopenia and cachectic muscles have been demonstrated to be abundant in myostatin-linked molecules. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is activated during rapid atrophy model (cancer cachexia), but few mediators of the UPS change during sarcopenia. NF-κB signaling is activated in cachectic, but not in sarcopenic, muscle. Recent studies have indicated the age-related defect of autophagy signaling in skeletal muscle, whereas autophagic activation occurs in cachectic muscle. This review provides recent research advances dealing with molecular mediators modulating muscle mass in both sarcopenia and cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunihiro Sakuma
- Institute for Liberal Arts, Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan.
| | - Wataru Aoi
- Laboratory of Health Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5 Hangi-cho Shimogamo, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8522, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Kanazawa, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, 061-0293, Japan
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Gerlinger-Romero F, Yonamine CY, Junior DCP, Esteves JVD, Machado UF. Dysregulation between TRIM63/FBXO32 expression and soleus muscle wasting in diabetic rats: potential role of miR-1-3p, -29a/b-3p, and -133a/b-3p. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 427:187-199. [PMID: 28000044 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-016-2910-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) induces a variable degree of muscle sarcopenia, which may be related to protein degradation and to the expression of both E3 ubiquitin ligases and some specific microRNAs (miRNAs). The present study investigated the effect of diabetes and acute muscle contraction upon the TRIM63 and FBXO32 expression as well as the potential involvement of some miRNAs. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin and studied after 30 days. Soleus muscles were harvested, stimulated to contract in vitro for twitch tension analysis (0.5 Hz), 30 min later for tetanic analysis (100 Hz), and 30 min later were frozen. TRIM63 and FBXO32 proteins were quantified by western blotting; Trim63 mRNA, Fbxo32 mRNA, miR-1-3p, miR-29a-3p, miR-29b-3p, miR-133a-3p, and miR-133b-3p were quantified by qPCR. Diabetes induced sarcopenia by decreasing (P < 0.05) muscle weight/tibia length index, maximum tetanic contraction and relaxation rates, and absolute twitch and tetanic forces (P < 0.05). Diabetes decreased (P < 0.05) the Trim63 and Fbxo32 mRNAs (30%) and respective proteins (60%), and increased (P < 0.01) the miR-29b-3p (2.5-fold). In muscle from diabetic rats, acute contractile stimulus increased TRIM63 protein, miR-1-3p, miR-29a-3p, and miR-133a/b-3p, but decreased miR-29b-3p (P < 0.05). Independent of the metabolic condition, after muscle contraction, both TRIM63 and FBXO32 proteins correlated significantly with miR-1-3p, miR-29a/b-3p, and miR-133a/b-3p. All diabetes-induced regulations were reversed by insulin treatment. Concluding, the results depict that muscle wasting in long-term insulinopenic condition may not be accompanied by increased proteolysis, pointing out the protein synthesis as an important modulator of muscle sarcopenia in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederico Gerlinger-Romero
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Caio Yogi Yonamine
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo Correa Pinto Junior
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Victor DelConti Esteves
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ubiratan Fabres Machado
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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135
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Tanaka N, Kosaka T, Miyazaki Y, Mikami S, Niwa N, Otsuka Y, Minamishima YA, Mizuno R, Kikuchi E, Miyajima A, Sabe H, Okada Y, Uhlén P, Suematsu M, Oya M. Acquired platinum resistance involves epithelial to mesenchymal transition through ubiquitin ligase FBXO32 dysregulation. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e83654. [PMID: 27812537 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.83654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify the molecules involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in urothelial carcinoma (UC) after acquisition of platinum resistance, here we examined the changes in global gene expression before and after platinum treatment. Four invasive UC cell lines, T24, 5637, and their corresponding sublines T24PR and 5637PR with acquired platinum resistance, were assessed by microarray, and the ubiquitin E3 ligase FBXO32 was newly identified as a negative regulator of EMT in UC tumors after acquisition of platinum resistance. In vitro and in vivo studies showed an intimate relationship between FBXO32 expression and EMT, demonstrating that FBXO32 dysregulation in T24PR cells results in elevated expression of the mesenchymal molecules SNAIL and vimentin and decreased expression of the epithelial molecule E-cadherin. The association between FBXO32 expression and EMT was further validated using clinical samples. Knockdown of MyoD expression, a specific target of FBXO32 polyubiquitination, revealed upregulation of E-cadherin expression and downregulation of SNAIL and vimentin expression in T24PR cells. Comparative genomic hybridization array analysis demonstrated loss of heterozygosity at 8q24.13 in T24PR cells, which harbors FBXO32. Our findings suggest the importance of the association between EMT and ubiquitin-proteasome regulation when tumors develop acquired platinum resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Tanaka
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Kosaka
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Miyazaki
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuji Mikami
- Division of Diagnostic Pathology, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Niwa
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaro Otsuka
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoji Andrew Minamishima
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, and Japan Agency for Science and Technology (JST), Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Suematsu Gas Biology Project, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Mizuno
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiji Kikuchi
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Miyajima
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisataka Sabe
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Okada
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Per Uhlén
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, and Japan Agency for Science and Technology (JST), Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO), Suematsu Gas Biology Project, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Oya
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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136
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Sato T, Ito Y, Nagasawa T. L-Lysine suppresses myofibrillar protein degradation and autophagy in skeletal muscles of senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8. Biogerontology 2016; 18:85-95. [PMID: 27752791 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-016-9663-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a condition of the loss of muscle mass that is associated with aging and that increases the risk for bedridden state, thereby warranting studies of interventions that attenuate sarcopenia. Here the effects of 2-month dietary L-lysine (Lys) supplementation (1.5-3.0 %) on myofibrillar protein degradation and major proteolytic systems were investigated in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8). At 36 weeks of age, skeletal muscle and lean body mass was reduced in SAMP8 when compared with control senescence-accelerated mouse resistant 1 (SAMR1). The myofibrillar protein degradation, which was evaluated by the release of 3-methylhistidine, was stimulated in SAMP8, and the autophagy activity, which was evaluated by light chain 3-II, was stimulated in the skeletal muscle of SAMP8. The activation of ubiquitin-proteasome system was not observed in the muscles of SAMP8. However, myofibrillar protein degradation and autophagic activity in skeletal muscles of SAMP8 were suppressed by dietary intake of 3.0 % Lys. The present data indicate that myofibrillar protein degradation by bulk autophagy is stimulated in the skeletal muscles of SAMP8 and that dietary Lys supplementation attenuates sarcopenia in SAMP8 by suppressing autophagic proteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Sato
- Department of Bioresources Science, The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Ito
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Food Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagasawa
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Food Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
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137
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Sun W, Huang H, Ma S, Gan X, Zhu M, Liu H, Li L, Wang J. Akirin2 could promote the proliferation but not the differentiation of duck myoblasts via the activation of the mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 79:298-307. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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138
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Inhibition of skeletal muscle atrophy during torpor in ground squirrels occurs through downregulation of MyoG and inactivation of Foxo4. Cryobiology 2016; 73:112-9. [PMID: 27593478 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Foxo4 and MyoG proteins regulate the transcription of numerous genes, including the E3 ubiquitin ligases MAFbx and MuRF1, which are activated in skeletal muscle under atrophy-inducing conditions. In the thirteen-lined ground squirrel, there is little muscle wasting that occurs during hibernation, a process characterized by bouts of torpor and arousal, despite virtual inactivity. Consequently, we were interested in studying the regulatory role of Foxo4 and MyoG on ubiquitin ligases throughout torpor-arousal cycles. Findings indicate that MAFbx and MuRF1 decreased during early torpor (ET) by 42% and 40%, respectively, relative to euthermic control (EC), although MuRF1 expression subsequently increased at late torpor (LT). The expression pattern of MyoG most closely resembled that of MAFbx, with levels decreasing during LT. In addition, the phosphorylation of Foxo4 at Thr-451 showed an initial increase during EN, followed by a decline throughout the remainder of the torpor-arousal cycle, suggesting Foxo4 inhibition. This trend was mirrored by inhibition of the Ras-Ral pathway, as the Ras and Ral proteins were decreased by 77% and 41% respectively, at ET. Foxo4 phosphorylation at S197 was depressed during entrance and torpor, suggesting Foxo4 nuclear localization, and possibly regulating the increase in MuRF1 levels at LT. These findings indicate that signaling pathways involved in regulating muscle atrophy, such as MyoG and Foxo4 through the Ras-Ral pathway, contribute to important muscle-specific changes during hibernation. Therefore, this data provides novel insight into the molecular mechanisms regulating muscle remodeling in a hibernator model.
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139
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Pierre N, Appriou Z, Gratas-Delamarche A, Derbré F. From physical inactivity to immobilization: Dissecting the role of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle insulin resistance and atrophy. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 98:197-207. [PMID: 26744239 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the literature, the terms physical inactivity and immobilization are largely used as synonyms. The present review emphasizes the need to establish a clear distinction between these two situations. Physical inactivity is a behavior characterized by a lack of physical activity, whereas immobilization is a deprivation of movement for medical purpose. In agreement with these definitions, appropriate models exist to study either physical inactivity or immobilization, leading thereby to distinct conclusions. In this review, we examine the involvement of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle insulin resistance and atrophy induced by, respectively, physical inactivity and immobilization. A large body of evidence demonstrates that immobilization-induced atrophy depends on the chronic overproduction of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). On the other hand, the involvement of RONS in physical inactivity-induced insulin resistance has not been investigated. This observation outlines the need to elucidate the mechanism by which physical inactivity promotes insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Pierre
- EA1274 Laboratory "Movement, Sport and Health Sciences" M2S, Rennes 2 University - ENS Rennes, Bruz, France
| | - Zephyra Appriou
- EA1274 Laboratory "Movement, Sport and Health Sciences" M2S, Rennes 2 University - ENS Rennes, Bruz, France
| | - Arlette Gratas-Delamarche
- EA1274 Laboratory "Movement, Sport and Health Sciences" M2S, Rennes 2 University - ENS Rennes, Bruz, France
| | - Frédéric Derbré
- EA1274 Laboratory "Movement, Sport and Health Sciences" M2S, Rennes 2 University - ENS Rennes, Bruz, France.
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140
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Rom O, Reznick AZ. The role of E3 ubiquitin-ligases MuRF-1 and MAFbx in loss of skeletal muscle mass. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 98:218-230. [PMID: 26738803 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is the main regulatory mechanism of protein degradation in skeletal muscle. The ubiquitin-ligase enzymes (E3s) have a central role in determining the selectivity and specificity of the UPS. Since their identification in 2001, the muscle specific E3s, muscle RING finger-1 (MuRF-1) and muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx), have been shown to be implicated in the regulation of skeletal muscle atrophy in various pathological and physiological conditions. This review aims to explore the involvement of MuRF-1 and MAFbx in catabolism of skeletal muscle during various pathologies, such as cancer cachexia, sarcopenia of aging, chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In addition, the effects of various lifestyle and modifiable factors (e.g. nutrition, exercise, cigarette smoking, and alcohol) on MuRF-1 and MAFbx regulation will be discussed. Finally, evidence of potential strategies to protect against skeletal muscle wasting through inhibition of MuRF-1 and MAFbx expression will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Rom
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 9649, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Abraham Z Reznick
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 9649, Haifa, Israel
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141
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Sokoloff AJ, Douglas M, Rahnert JA, Burkholder T, Easley KA, Luo Q. Absence of morphological and molecular correlates of sarcopenia in the macaque tongue muscle styloglossus. Exp Gerontol 2016; 84:40-48. [PMID: 27566374 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Equivocal decline of tongue muscle performance with age is compatible with resistance of the tongue to sarcopenia, the loss of muscle volume and function that typically occurs with aging. To test this possibility we characterized anatomical and molecular indices of sarcopenia in the macaque tongue muscle styloglossus (SG). METHODS We quantified myosin heavy chain (MHC), muscle fiber MHC phenotype and size and total and phosphorylated growth- and atrophy-related proteins by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), immunoblot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the SG in twenty-four macaque monkeys (Macaca rhesus, age range 9months to 31years) categorized into Young (<8years of age), Middle-aged (15-21years of age) and Old (>22years of age) groups. RESULTS In Young, Middle and Old age groups, by SDS-PAGE MHCI comprised ~1/3 and MHCII ~2/3 of total MHC. MHCI relative frequency was lower and MHCII higher in Middle versus Young (p=0.0099) and Middle versus Old (p=0.052). Relative frequencies of MHC fiber phenotype were not different by age but were different by phenotype (rates 233, 641 and 111 per 1000 fibers for MHCI, MHCII and MHCI-II respectively, p=0.03). Few or no fibers were positive for developmental MHC. Mean cross-sectional area (CSA) was not different among the three age groups for MHCII and MHCI-II; however MHCI fibers tended to be larger in Middle versus Old and Young (mean=2257μm2,1917μm2 (p=0.05) and 1704μm2 (p=0.06), respectively). For each age group, mean CSA increased across MHC phenotype (lowest mean CSA for MHCI and highest mean CSA for MHCII). Spearman analysis demonstrated age-related increases in total p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (P70), phosphorylated P70421/424, phosphorylated P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and muscle atrophy F-Box, a trend to age-related decrease in total extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and no age-related change in total protein kinase B (Akt/PKB), phosphorylated Akt, phosphorylated ERK, phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK46) and phosphorylated P70389. CONCLUSION Common anatomical and molecular indices of sarcopenia are absent in our sample of macaque SG. Relative frequencies of MHCII protein and phenotype are preserved with age. Although MAFbx expression increases with age, this is not associated with fiber atrophy, perhaps reflecting compensatory growth signaling by p70. The resistant nature of the styloglossus muscle to sarcopenia may be related to routine activation of tongue muscles in respiration and swallowing and the preservation of hypoglossal motoneuron number with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Sokoloff
- Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.
| | - Megan Douglas
- Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jill A Rahnert
- School of Applied Physiology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Thomas Burkholder
- School of Applied Physiology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kirk A Easley
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Qingwei Luo
- Department of Physiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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142
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Enoki Y, Watanabe H, Arake R, Sugimoto R, Imafuku T, Tominaga Y, Ishima Y, Kotani S, Nakajima M, Tanaka M, Matsushita K, Fukagawa M, Otagiri M, Maruyama T. Indoxyl sulfate potentiates skeletal muscle atrophy by inducing the oxidative stress-mediated expression of myostatin and atrogin-1. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32084. [PMID: 27549031 PMCID: PMC4994088 DOI: 10.1038/srep32084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy, referred to as sarcopenia, is often observed in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, especially in patients who are undergoing hemodialysis. The purpose of this study was to determine whether uremic toxins are involved in CKD-related skeletal muscle atrophy. Among six protein-bound uremic toxins, indole containing compounds, indoxyl sulfate (IS) significantly inhibited proliferation and myotube formation in C2C12 myoblast cells. IS increased the factors related to skeletal muscle breakdown, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and TGF-β1) in C2C12 cells. IS also enhanced the production of muscle atrophy-related genes, myostatin and atrogin-1. These effects induced by IS were suppressed in the presence of an antioxidant or inhibitors of the organic anion transporter and aryl hydrocarbon receptor. The administered IS was distributed to skeletal muscle and induced superoxide production in half-nephrectomized (1/2 Nx) mice. The chronic administration of IS significantly reduced the body weights accompanied by skeletal muscle weight loss. Similar to the in vitro data, IS induced the expression of myostatin and atrogin-1 in addition to increasing the production of inflammatory cytokines by enhancing oxidative stress in skeletal muscle. These data suggest that IS has the potential to accelerate skeletal muscle atrophy by inducing oxidative stress-mediated myostatin and atrogin-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Enoki
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan.,Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Riho Arake
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Ryusei Sugimoto
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Tadashi Imafuku
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Yuna Tominaga
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | - Yu Ishima
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan.,Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kotani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakajima
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Motoko Tanaka
- Department of Nephrology, Akebono Clinic, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Masafumi Fukagawa
- Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masaki Otagiri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan.,DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toru Maruyama
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Japan.,Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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143
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HUANG J, ZHU X. The Molecular Mechanisms of Calpains Action on Skeletal Muscle Atrophy. Physiol Res 2016; 65:547-560. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is associated with a loss of muscle protein which may result from both increased proteolysis and decreased protein synthesis. Investigations on cell signaling pathways that regulate muscle atrophy have promoted our understanding of this complicated process. Emerging evidence implicates that calpains play key roles in dysregulation of proteolysis seen in muscle atrophy. Moreover, studies have also shown that abnormally activated calpain results muscle atrophy via its downstream effects on ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) and Akt phosphorylation. This review will discuss the role of calpains in regulation of skeletal muscle atrophy mainly focusing on its collaboration with either UPP or Akt in atrophy conditions in hope to stimulate the interest in development of novel therapeutic interventions for skeletal muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - X. ZHU
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, YangPu Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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144
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Zhang Y, Aguilar OA, Storey KB. Transcriptional activation of muscle atrophy promotes cardiac muscle remodeling during mammalian hibernation. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2317. [PMID: 27602284 PMCID: PMC4991874 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Mammalian hibernation in thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus) is characterized by dramatic changes on a physiological and molecular level. During hibernation, mammalian hearts show a propensity to hypertrophy due to the need for increasing contractility to pump colder and more viscous blood. While cardiac hypertrophy is quite often a process characterized by decompensation, the ground squirrel studied is an excellent model of cardiac plasticity and cardioprotection under conditions of hypothermia and ischemia. The forkhead box O (Foxo) family of proteins and myogenin (MyoG) are transcription factors that control protein degradation and muscle atrophy by regulating the expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligases, MAFbx and MuRF1. These ligases are part of the ubiquitin proteasome system by transferring ubiquitin to proteins and targeting these proteins for degradation. Regulation of Foxo1 and 3a occurs through phosphorylation at different residues. The threonine-24 (Thr-24) and serine-319 (Ser-319) residues on Foxo1, and the Thr-32 residue on Foxo3a are phosphorylated by Akt, leading to cytoplasmic localization of Foxo. We propose that the described mechanism contributes to the changes taking place in cardiac muscle throughout hibernation. Methods. Total and phosphorylated protein levels of Foxo1 and Foxo3a, as well as total protein levels of MyoG, MAFbx, and MuRF1, were studied using immunoblotting. Results. Immunoblotting results demonstrated upregulations in Foxo1 and Foxo3a total protein levels (1.3- and 4.5-fold increases relative to euthermic control, for Foxo1 and 3a respectively) during late torpor, and protein levels remained elevated throughout the rest of torpor and at interbout arousal. We also observed decreases in inactive, phosphorylated Foxo1 and 3a proteins during throughout torpor, where levels of p-Foxo1 Ser319 and Thr24, as well as p-Foxo3a Thr32 decreased by at least 45% throughout torpor. MyoG was upregulated only during late torpor by 2.4-fold. Protein levels of MAFbx and MuRF1 increased in late torpor as well as during early arousal by as much as 2.8-fold, and MAFbx levels remained elevated during interbout arousal, whereas MuRF1 levels returned to control levels. Discussion. The present results indicate that upregulation and activation of Foxo1 and 3a, in addition to the increase in MyoG levels at late torpor, may be upregulating the expression of MAFbx and MuRF1. These findings suggest that there is activation of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) as ground squirrels arouse from torpor. Therefore, the signalling pathway involving MyoG, and the E3 ligases MAFbx and MuRF1, plays a significant role in cardiac muscle remodelling during hibernation. These findings provide insights into the regulation of protein degradation and turnover in the cardiac muscle of a hibernator model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichi Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University , Ottawa , ON , Canada
| | - Oscar A Aguilar
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University , Ottawa , ON , Canada
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University , Ottawa , ON , Canada
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145
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High Fat Diet-Induced Skeletal Muscle Wasting Is Decreased by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Administration: Implications on Oxidative Stress, Ubiquitin Proteasome Pathway Activation, and Myonuclear Apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:9047821. [PMID: 27579157 PMCID: PMC4992759 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9047821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity can lead to skeletal muscle atrophy, a pathological condition characterized by the loss of strength and muscle mass. A feature of muscle atrophy is a decrease of myofibrillar proteins as a result of ubiquitin proteasome pathway overactivation, as evidenced by increased expression of the muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases atrogin-1 and MuRF-1. Additionally, other mechanisms are related to muscle wasting, including oxidative stress, myonuclear apoptosis, and autophagy. Stem cells are an emerging therapy in the treatment of chronic diseases such as high fat diet-induced obesity. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a population of self-renewable and undifferentiated cells present in the bone marrow and other mesenchymal tissues of adult individuals. The present study is the first to analyze the effects of systemic MSC administration on high fat diet-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in the tibialis anterior of mice. Treatment with MSCs reduced losses of muscle strength and mass, decreases of fiber diameter and myosin heavy chain protein levels, and fiber type transitions. Underlying these antiatrophic effects, MSC administration also decreased ubiquitin proteasome pathway activation, oxidative stress, and myonuclear apoptosis. These results are the first to indicate that systemically administered MSCs could prevent muscle wasting associated with high fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes.
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146
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Sadri H, Giallongo F, Hristov A, Werner J, Lang C, Parys C, Saremi B, Sauerwein H. Effects of slow-release urea and rumen-protected methionine and histidine on mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling and ubiquitin proteasome-related gene expression in skeletal muscle of dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:6702-6713. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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147
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Abstract
The skeletal muscle mass is known to be controlled by the balance between protein synthesis and degradation. The fractional rate of protein synthesis has been reported to decrease age-dependently from 1 to 4 weeks of age in the chicken breast muscle (pectoralis major muscle). On the other hand, age-dependent change of the fractional protein degradation rate was reported to be less in the skeletal muscle of chickens. These findings suggest that protein synthesis is age-dependently downregulated in chicken muscle. We herein investigated the age-dependent changes in protein synthesis or proteolysis-related factors in the breast muscle of 7, 14, 28, and 49-day old broiler chickens. IGF-1 mRNA level, phosphorylation rate of Akt, and phospho-S6 content were coordinately decreased in an age-dependent manner, suggesting that IGF-1-stimulated protein synthesis is downregulated with age in chicken breast muscle. In contrast, atrogin-1, one of the proteolysis-related factors, gradually increased with age at mRNA levels. However, plasma Nτ-methylhistidine concentration, an indicator of skeletal muscle proteolysis, did not coordinately change with atrogin-1 mRNA levels. Taken together, our results suggest that the IGF-1/Akt/S6 signaling pathway is age-dependently downregulated in the chicken breast muscle.
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148
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Lazzari E, Meroni G. TRIM32 ubiquitin E3 ligase, one enzyme for several pathologies: From muscular dystrophy to tumours. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 79:469-477. [PMID: 27458054 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
TRIM32 is a member of the TRIpartite Motif family characterised by the presence of an N-terminal three-domain-module that includes a RING domain, which confers E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, one or two B-box domains and a Coiled-Coil region that mediates oligomerisation. Several TRIM32 substrates were identified including muscular proteins and proteins involved in cell cycle regulation and cell motility. As ubiquitination is a versatile post-translational modification that can affect target turnover, sub-cellular localisation or activity, it is likely that diverse substrates may be differentially affected by TRIM32-mediated ubiquitination, reflecting its multi-faceted roles in muscle physiology, cancer and immunity. With particular relevance for muscle physiology, mutations in TRIM32 are associated with autosomal recessive Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy 2H, a muscle-wasting disease with variable clinical spectrum ranging from almost asymptomatic to wheelchair-bound patients. In this review, we will focus on the ability of TRIM32 to mark specific substrates for proteasomal degradation discussing how the TRIM32-proteasome axis may (i) be important for muscle homeostasis and for the pathogenesis of muscular dystrophy; and (ii) define either an oncogenic or tumour suppressive role for TRIM32 in the context of different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Lazzari
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste and Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Germana Meroni
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste and Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.
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149
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Xia Z, Cholewa J, Zhao Y, Yang YQ, Shang HY, Guimarães-Ferreira L, Naimo MA, Su QS, Zanchi NE. Hypertrophy-Promoting Effects of Leucine Supplementation and Moderate Intensity Aerobic Exercise in Pre-Senescent Mice. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8050246. [PMID: 27144582 PMCID: PMC4882659 DOI: 10.3390/nu8050246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have indicated a positive influence of leucine supplementation and aerobic training on the aging skeletal muscle signaling pathways that control muscle protein balance and muscle remodeling. However, the effect of a combined intervention requires further clarification. Thirteen month old CD-1® mice were subjected to moderate aerobic exercise (45 min swimming per day with 3% body weight workload) and fed a chow diet with 5% leucine or 3.4% alanine for 8 weeks. Serum and plasma were prepared for glucose, urea nitrogen, insulin and amino acid profile analysis. The white gastrocnemius muscles were used for determination of muscle size and signaling proteins involved in protein synthesis and degradation. The results show that both 8 weeks of leucine supplementation and aerobic training elevated the activity of mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) and its downstream target p70S6K and 4E-BP1, inhibited the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and increased fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) in white gastrocnemius muscle. Moreover, leucine supplementation in combination with exercise demonstrated more significant effects, such as greater CSA, protein content and altered phosphorylation (suggestive of increased activity) of protein synthesis signaling proteins, in addition to lower expression of proteins involved in protein degradation compared to leucine or exercise alone. The current study shows moderate aerobic training combined with 5% leucine supplementation has the potential to increase muscle size in fast-twitch skeletal muscle during aging, potentially through increased protein synthesis and decreased protein breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xia
- Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, College of Physical Education, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China.
- Exercise Intervention and Health Promotion Hubei Province Synergy Innovation Center, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Jason Cholewa
- Department of Kinesiology, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC 29528-6054, USA.
| | - Yan Zhao
- Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, College of Physical Education, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an 343009, China.
| | - Yue-Qin Yang
- Exercise Intervention and Health Promotion Hubei Province Synergy Innovation Center, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| | - Hua-Yu Shang
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Lucas Guimarães-Ferreira
- Muscle Physiology and Human Performance Research Group, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitória/ES 29075-810, Brazil.
| | - Marshall Alan Naimo
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506-9227, USA.
| | - Quan-Sheng Su
- Department of Sports Medicine, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Nelo Eidy Zanchi
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís-MA 65020-070, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology of Skeletal Muscle (LABCEMME), São Luís-MA 65020-070, Brazil.
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150
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Tessier SN, Storey KB. Lessons from mammalian hibernators: molecular insights into striated muscle plasticity and remodeling. Biomol Concepts 2016; 7:69-92. [DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2015-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractStriated muscle shows an amazing ability to adapt its structural apparatus based on contractile activity, loading conditions, fuel supply, or environmental factors. Studies with mammalian hibernators have identified a variety of molecular pathways which are strategically regulated and allow animals to endure multiple stresses associated with the hibernating season. Of particular interest is the observation that hibernators show little skeletal muscle atrophy despite the profound metabolic rate depression and mechanical unloading that they experience during long weeks of torpor. Additionally, the cardiac muscle of hibernators must adjust to low temperature and reduced perfusion, while the strength of contraction increases in order to pump cold, viscous blood. Consequently, hibernators hold a wealth of knowledge as it pertains to understanding the natural capacity of myocytes to alter structural, contractile and metabolic properties in response to environmental stimuli. The present review outlines the molecular and biochemical mechanisms which play a role in muscular atrophy, hypertrophy, and remodeling. In this capacity, four main networks are highlighted: (1) antioxidant defenses, (2) the regulation of structural, contractile and metabolic proteins, (3) ubiquitin proteosomal machinery, and (4) macroautophagy pathways. Subsequently, we discuss the role of transcription factors nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), Myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2), and Forkhead box (FOXO) and their associated posttranslational modifications as it pertains to regulating each of these networks. Finally, we propose that comparing and contrasting these concepts to data collected from model organisms able to withstand dramatic changes in muscular function without injury will allow researchers to delineate physiological versus pathological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon N. Tessier
- 1Department of Surgery and Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Building 114 16th Street, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Kenneth B. Storey
- 2Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa K1S 5B6, Ontario, Canada
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