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LeMaster MN, Ha M, Dunshea FR, Chauhan S, D'Souza D, Warner RD. Impact of cooking temperature on pork longissimus, and muscle fibre type, on quality traits and protein denaturation of four pork muscles. Meat Sci 2024; 209:109395. [PMID: 38141536 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Variations in pork quality impact consumer acceptance, and fibre type differences between muscles contribute to this variation. The aim was to investigate the influence of variations in muscle fibre types and protein denaturation peaks across four pork muscles and the influence of ageing and cooking temperature on longissimus quality traits. The longissimus, masseter, cutaneous trunci, and psoas major from 13 carcases were removed 1-day postmortem and subjected to 0- or 14-days ageing (d0, d14). Quality traits, protein denaturation peak temperature (DSC), fibre diameter and fibre type proportions were measured. Cook loss for longissimus was similar on d0 and d14, but was higher on d14 for masseter, cutaneous trunci, and psoas major. Warner-Bratzler shear force was highest, and ultimate pH was lowest, for longissimus, and similar among cutaneous trunci, masseter, and psoas major. Masseter had lowest L* and highest a* and longissimus and cutaneous trunci had highest L* and lowest a*. The DSC temperature peaks for longissimus occurred at lower temperatures relative to the other muscles. Fibre diameter was largest for type-IIb fibres relative to type-IIa and type-I. Longissimus and cutaneous trunci had predominantly type-IIb glycolytic (71%, 51% respectively), masseter had predominantly type-IIa intermediate (50%) and psoas major had predominantly type-I oxidative (48%) fibres. The glycolytic longissimus had the lowest DSC temperature peaks and the lowest quality meat. Masseter had the highest proportion of type-I fibres but was generally similar in quality traits to psoas major, and also similar to cutaneous trunci which had more glycolytic fibres than masseter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle N LeMaster
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Minh Ha
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Frank R Dunshea
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Faculty of Biological Sciences, The University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Surinder Chauhan
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | | | - Robyn D Warner
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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Chen L, Pan Y, Cheng J, Zhu X, Chu W, Meng YY, Bin S, Zhang J. Characterization of myosin heavy chain (MYH) genes and their differential expression in white and red muscles of Chinese perch, Siniperca chuatsi. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:125907. [PMID: 37482155 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Fish skeletal muscle is composed of two anatomically and functionally different fiber layers, white or fast and red or slow muscles. Myosin, the major structural protein of fish skeletal muscle, contains multiple myosin heavy chain (MYH) isoforms involved in the high plasticity of muscle in response to varying functional demands and/or environmental changes. In this study, we comparatively assayed the cellular and ultrastructural feature of white and red skeletal muscles. Then, a total of 28 class II myosin heavy chain genes were identified in by searching the Chinese perch genome database. Among them, 14 genes code for the fast-muscle-type myosin heavy chain, and 7 genes code for the slow-muscle-type myosin heavy chain. Further, the different isoform gene structures, function domains, phylogenetic relations, and muscle-fiber type-specific expression were characterized. This is the first systematic work on the molecular characterization of class II myosin heavy chain isoforms and the differential analysis of their expression in red and white muscle tissues in Chinese perch Siniperca chuatsi. Our work provided valuable information for a better understanding of myh genes and their molecular characteristics, and the correlations of multiple myosin isoforms with potential functions in response to varying functional demands and/or environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Hunan 410003, China
| | - Yaxong Pan
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Hunan 410003, China
| | - Jia Cheng
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Hunan 410003, China
| | - Xin Zhu
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Hunan 410003, China
| | - Wuying Chu
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Hunan 410003, China
| | - Yang Yang Meng
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Hunan 410003, China
| | - Shiyu Bin
- Department of Biology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 419034, Guangxi, China.
| | - Jianshe Zhang
- College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University, Hunan 410003, China.
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Sato K, Miyauchi Y, Xu X, Kon R, Ikarashi N, Chiba Y, Hosoe T, Sakai H. Platinum-based anticancer drugs-induced downregulation of myosin heavy chain isoforms in skeletal muscle of mouse. J Pharmacol Sci 2023; 152:167-177. [PMID: 37257944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin, a platinum-based anticancer drug used frequently in cancer treatment, causes skeletal muscle atrophy. It was predicted that the proteolytic pathway is enhanced as the mechanism of this atrophy. Therefore, we investigated whether a platinum-based anticancer drug affects the expression of the major proteins of skeletal muscle, myosin heavy chain (MyHC). Mice were injected with cisplatin or oxaliplatin for four consecutive days. C2C12 myotubes were treated using cisplatin and oxaliplatin. Administration of platinum-based anticancer drug reduced quadriceps mass and muscle strength compared to the control group. Protein levels of all MyHC isoforms were reduced in the platinum-based anticancer drug groups. However, only Myh2 (MyHC-IIa) gene expression in skeletal muscle of mice treated with platinum-based anticancer drugs was found to be reduced. Treatment of C2C12 myotubes with platinum-based anticancer drugs reduced the protein levels of all MyHCs, and treatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 restored this reduction. The expression of Mef2c, which was predicted to act upstream of Myh2, was reduced in the skeletal muscle of mice treated systemically with platinum-based anticancer drug. Degradation of skeletal muscle MyHCs by proteasomes may be a factor that plays an important role in muscle mass loss in platinum-based anticancer drug-induced muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Sato
- Department of Biomolecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 1428501, Japan
| | - Yu Miyauchi
- Department of Biomolecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 1428501, Japan
| | - Xinran Xu
- Department of Biomolecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 1428501, Japan
| | - Risako Kon
- Department of Biomolecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 1428501, Japan
| | - Nobutomo Ikarashi
- Department of Biomolecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 1428501, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Chiba
- Department of Physiology and Molecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 1428501, Japan
| | - Tomoo Hosoe
- Department of Biomolecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 1428501, Japan; Department of Bioregulatory Science, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 1428501, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Sakai
- Department of Biomolecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 1428501, Japan.
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Hoh JFY. Developmental, physiologic and phylogenetic perspectives on the expression and regulation of myosin heavy chains in mammalian skeletal muscles. J Comp Physiol B 2023:10.1007/s00360-023-01499-0. [PMID: 37277594 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-023-01499-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics of myosin controls the speed and power of muscle contraction. Mammalian skeletal muscles express twelve kinetically different myosin heavy chain (MyHC) genes which provides a wide range of muscle speeds to meet different functional demands. Myogenic progenitors from diverse craniofacial and somitic mesoderm specify muscle allotypes with different repertoires for MyHC expression. This review provides a brief synopsis on the historical and current views on how cell lineage, neural impulse patterns, and thyroid hormone influence MyHC gene expression in muscles of the limb allotype during development and in adult life and the molecular mechanisms thereof. During somitic myogenesis, embryonic and foetal myoblast lineages form slow and fast primary and secondary myotube ontotypes which respond differently to postnatal neural and thyroidal influences to generate fully differentiated fibre phenotypes. Fibres of a given phenotype may arise from myotubes of different ontotypes which retain their capacity to respond differently to neural and thyroidal influences during postnatal life. This gives muscles physiological plasticity to adapt to fluctuations in thyroid hormone levels and patterns of use. The kinetics of MyHC isoforms vary inversely with animal body mass. Fast 2b fibres are specifically absent in muscles involved in elastic energy saving in hopping marsupials and generally absent in large eutherian mammals. Changes in MyHC expression are viewed in the context of the physiology of the whole animal. The roles of myoblast lineage and thyroid hormone in regulating MyHC gene expression are phylogenetically the most ancient while that of neural impulse patterns the most recent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Foon Yoong Hoh
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- , PO Box 152, Killara, NSW, 2071, Australia.
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Edman S, Horwath O, Apró W. THRIFTY-A High-throughput Single Muscle Fiber Typing Method Based on Immunofluorescence Detection. Bio Protoc 2023; 13:e4678. [PMID: 37251094 PMCID: PMC10213079 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle consists of a mixture of fiber types with different functional and metabolic characteristics. The relative composition of these muscle fiber types has implications for muscle performance, whole-body metabolism, and health. However, analyses of muscle samples in a fiber type-dependent manner are very time consuming. Therefore, these are often neglected in favor of more time-efficient analyses on mixed muscle samples. Methods such as western blot and myosin heavy chain separation by SDS-PAGE have previously been utilized to fiber type-isolated muscle fibers. More recently, the introduction of the dot blot method significantly increased the speed of fiber typing. However, despite recent advancements, none of the current methodologies are feasible for large-scale investigations because of their time requirements. Here, we present the protocol for a new method, which we have named THRIFTY (high-THRoughput Immunofluorescence Fiber TYping), that enables rapid fiber type identification using antibodies towards the different myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms of fast and slow twitch muscle fibers. First, a short segment (<1 mm) is cut off from isolated muscle fibers and mounted on a customized gridded microscope slide holding up to 200 fiber segments. Second, the fiber segments attached to the microscope slide are stained with MyHC-specific antibodies and then visualized using a fluorescence microscope. Lastly, the remaining pieces of the fibers can either be collected individually or pooled together with fibers of the same type for subsequent analyses. The THRIFTY protocol is approximately three times as fast as the dot blot method, which enables not only time-sensitive assays to be performed but also increases the feasibility to conduct large-scale investigations into fiber type specific physiology. Graphical Overview Graphical overview of the THRIFTY workflow. Cut off a small segment (0.5 mm) of an individually dissected muscle fiber and mount it onto the customized microscope slide containing a printed grid system. Using a Hamilton syringe, fixate the fiber segment by applying a small droplet of distilled water on the segment and let it fully dry (1A). The remaining large segment of the fiber should be placed in the corresponding square on a black A4 paper (1B). Once the microscope slide has been fully mounted with fiber segments, submerge the slide in a polypropylene slide mailer (illustrated as a Coplin jar in the figure) containing acetone to permeabilize the fiber segments. Thereafter, incubate the slide with primary antibodies targeting MyHC-I and MyHC-II. Following washes in PBS solution, incubate the slides with fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies, wash again, and mount with a cover glass and antifade reagent (2). Identification of fiber type can be performed using a digital fluorescence microscope (3), whereafter the remaining pieces of the fiber segments (large) are pooled together according to their fiber type or individually collected for experiments on single fibers (4). Image modified from Horwath et al. (2022).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Edman
- Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Åstrand Laboratory, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oscar Horwath
- Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Åstrand Laboratory, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - William Apró
- Department of Physiology, Nutrition and Biomechanics, Åstrand Laboratory, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Pelaia T, Rubin AM, Seebacher F. Bisphenol S reduces locomotor performance and modifies muscle protein levels but not mitochondrial bioenergetics in adult zebrafish. Aquat Toxicol 2023; 257:106440. [PMID: 36822074 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Human activity has now introduced novel chemicals into most aquatic ecosystems. Endocrine-disrupting compounds originating from plastic pollution and manufacture can have pronounced biological effects by disrupting hormone-mediated processes. Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most commonly produced endocrine-disrupting compounds, which interferes with signalling by a broad range of hormones. In recognition of its potentially harmful effects, BPA is being replaced by substitutes such as bisphenol S (BPS). However, toxicological studies revealed that BPS too can bind to hormone receptors and disrupt signalling, particularly of thyroid hormone. The aim of this study was to test whether BPS exposure impacts locomotor performance and muscle function in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Locomotor performance depends on thyroid hormone signalling, and it is closely related to fitness so that its disruption can have negative ecological and evolutionary consequences. BPS exposure of 15 μg l-1 [∼60 nM] and 30 μg l-1 (but not 60 μg l-1) decreased sustained swimming performance (Ucrit), but not sprint speed. In a fully factorial design, we show that living in flowing water increased Ucrit compared to a still water control, and that BPS reduced Ucrit under both conditions but did not eliminate the training effect. In a second factorial experiment, we show that BPS did not affect mitochondrial bioenergetics in skeletal muscle (state 3 and 4 rates, respiratory control ratios, ROS production), but that induced hypothyroidism decreased state 3 and 4 rates of respiration. However, both hypothyroidism and BPS exposure decreased activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK:total AMPK) but increased protein levels of myocyte enhancer factor 2, and slow and fast myosin heavy chains. Our data indicate that BPS is not a safe alternative for BPA and that exposure to BPS can have ecological consequences, which are likely to be at least partly mediated via thyroid hormone disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiana Pelaia
- School of Life and Environmental Science A08, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Alexander M Rubin
- School of Life and Environmental Science A08, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Frank Seebacher
- School of Life and Environmental Science A08, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Kraková D, Holwerda AM, Betz MW, Lavin KM, Bamman MM, van Loon LJC, Verdijk LB, Snijders T. Muscle fiber type grouping does not change in response to prolonged resistance exercise training in healthy older men. Exp Gerontol 2023; 173:112083. [PMID: 36621699 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ageing of skeletal muscle is characterized in some by muscle fiber type grouping due to denervation-reinnervation cycles, but the severity of fiber type grouping varies widely across individuals of the same chronological age. It remains unknown whether fiber type grouping is associated with lower muscle mass and/or reduced physical function in elderly. Therefore, we assessed the relationship between fiber type grouping and indices of muscle mass and physical function in older adults. In addition, we assessed whether fiber type grouping is affected by prolonged resistance training in older adults. METHODS Twenty young (21 ± 2 y) and twenty older (70 ± 4 y) healthy men participated in the present study. Body composition (DXA-scan), quadriceps cross-sectional area (CT-scan) and muscle strength (1RM) were assessed at baseline (young and old) and following 12 weeks of resistance training (old only). Percutaneous skeletal muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis were collected at baseline (young and old) and following exercise training (old only). Immunohistochemical analyses were performed to evaluate type I and type II muscle fiber distribution, size, myonuclear content and grouping. RESULTS At baseline, type II fibers were significantly (P < 0.05) smaller in older compared with young adults (5366 ± 1288 vs 6705 ± 1168 μm2). Whereas no differences were observed in type I, type II fiber grouping was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in older (18 ± 18 %) compared with young (32 ± 25 %) men. No significant correlations were observed between fiber type grouping and muscle mass or physical function. Prolonged resistance training in old men resulted in a significant increase (P < 0.05) in type II fiber size (from 5366 ± 1288 to 6165 ± 1484 μm2) with no significant changes in the proportion of type I muscle fibers found grouped. CONCLUSION Muscle fiber type grouping is not associated with lower body strength or muscle mass in healthy, older men. In addition, twelve weeks of resistance exercise training results in type II muscle fiber specific hypertrophy but does not affect fiber type grouping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Kraková
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew M Holwerda
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Milan W Betz
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kaleen M Lavin
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, USA
| | - Marcas M Bamman
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, USA
| | - Luc J C van Loon
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Lex B Verdijk
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Tim Snijders
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Sontag SA, Sterczala AJ, Miller JD, Deckert JA, Olmos AA, Parra ME, Dimmick HL, Gallagher PM, Fry AC, Herda TJ, Trevino MA. A noninvasive test for estimating myosin heavy chain of the vastus lateralis in females with mechanomyography. Med Eng Phys 2023; 111:103946. [PMID: 36792240 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2022.103946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study examined relationships between percent myosin heavy chain (%MHC) expression and mechanomyographic amplitude (MMGRMS). Fifteen females (age ± SD=21.3 ± 5.3 yrs) completed isometric trapezoidal contractions at 30% and 70% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). MMG was recorded from the vastus lateralis (VL). Participants gave a muscle biopsy of the VL post-testing. MMGRMS-torque relationships during the linearly varying segments were log-transformed and linear regressions were applied to calculate b terms (slopes). For the steady torque segment, MMGRMS was averaged. Correlations were performed for type I%MHC with the MMG variables. Multiple regression was utilized to examine prediction equations for type I%MHC. Type I%MHC was significantly correlated with the b terms during the increasing segment of the 70% MVC (p = 0.003; r = -0.718), and MMGRMS during steady torque at 30% (p = 0.008; r = -0.652) and 70% MVC (p = 0.040; r = -0.535). Type I%MHC reduced the linearity of the MMGRMS-torque relationship during the high-intensity linearly increasing segment, and MMGRMS at a low- and high-intensity steady torque. A combination of MMG variables estimated type I%MHC expression with 81.2% accuracy. MMG recorded during a low- and high-intensity isometric trapezoidal contraction may offer a simple, noninvasive test for estimating type I%MHC expression of the VL in sedentary females.
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Esper ME, Kodippili K, Rudnicki MA. Immunofluorescence Labeling of Skeletal Muscle in Development, Regeneration, and Disease. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2566:113-132. [PMID: 36152246 PMCID: PMC10204082 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2675-7_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is composed of long multinucleated cells, termed myofibers, that are formed through the activation and differentiation of resident muscle stem cells, called satellite cells. In healthy individuals, skeletal muscle enables voluntary locomotion while also playing a role in energy metabolism and thermoregulation. As skeletal muscle is integral to everyday processes, perturbations to skeletal muscle function can have devastating consequences. Here we describe an integral tool in biomedical research of skeletal muscle regeneration and disease, the immunofluorescence staining of myogenic cells. We highlight useful techniques for immunostaining myogenic cells, and we list validated antibodies for the staining of muscle proteins across different species and multiple developmental time points. This includes methods for unmasking antigens following formaldehyde fixation (using myosin heavy chain staining as an example) and practices for preserving endogenous fluorescent proteins by cardiac perfusion fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie E Esper
- The Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kasun Kodippili
- The Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael A Rudnicki
- The Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Sakai H, Suzuki Y, Miyauchi Y, Sato F, Ando Y, Kon R, Ikarashi N, Chiba Y, Kamei J, Hosoe T. Downregulation of Sparc-like protein 1 during cisplatin-induced inhibition of myogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts. Biochem Pharmacol 2022;:115234. [PMID: 36041542 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Patients with cancer often experience muscle atrophy, which worsens their prognosis. Decreased muscle regenerative capacity plays an important role in the complex processes involved in muscle atrophy. Administration of cisplatin, a cancer chemotherapeutic agent, has been implicated as a cause of muscle atrophy. In this study, we examined whether cisplatin affects the differentiation of myoblasts into myotubes. We treated C2C12 myoblasts with a differentiation medium containing cisplatin and its vehicle during for 8 days and observed the changes in the expression of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) and myogenin in the myoblasts. Cisplatin was injected in mice for 4 consecutive days; on Day 5, the mice quadriceps muscles were sampled and examined. The expression of MyHCs increased and that of myogenin decreased after cisplatin treatment. The secretion of acidic cysteine-rich proteins (e.g., Sparc proteins) reportedly promotes C2C12 myoblast differentiation. Therefore, we investigated the Sparc family gene expression during myogenesis in C2C12 myoblasts after cisplatin treatment. Of all the genes investigated, Sparc-like protein 1 (Sparcl1) expression was significantly suppressed by cisplatin on Days 4-8. Simultaneous treatment with recombinant mouse Sparcl1 almost inhibited the cisplatin-induced suppression of total MyHC and myogenin protein levels. Moreover, Sparcl1 expression decreased in the skeletal muscles of mice, leading to cisplatin-induced muscle atrophy. Our results suggest that cisplatin-induced myogenesis suppression causes muscle atrophy and inhibits the expression of Sparcl1, which promotes C2C12 cell differentiation during myogenesis.
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Sethi SK, Goel S, Vadhera A, Raaj H, Mahato SK, Jha PK, Bansal SB, Raina R. Familial kidney failure with macro-thrombocytopenia: Answers. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 37:1801-1803. [PMID: 35166924 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-022-05459-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sidharth Kumar Sethi
- Pediatric Nephrology, Kidney Institute, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, 122001, India
| | - Shalini Goel
- Department of Pathology, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India, 122001
| | | | - Hritik Raaj
- Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | | | - Pranaw Kumar Jha
- Kidney Institute, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India, 122001
| | | | - Rupesh Raina
- Pediatric Nephrology, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron, 44308-1062, OH, USA.
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Belova SP, Kalashnikova EP, Tyganov SA, Kostrominova TY, Shenkman BS, Nemirovskaya TL. Effect of enhanced muscle tone on the expression of atrogenes and cytoskeletal proteins during postural muscle unloading. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 725:109291. [PMID: 35597296 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle unloading leads to the decreased electrical activity and decline of muscle tone. AIMS Current study evaluated the effect of muscle tone preservation achieved by tetanus toxin (TeNT) treatment on signaling pathways regulating atrophic processes during unloading. MAIN METHODS Four groups of rats were used: non-treated control (C), control rats with TeNT administration (CT), 7 days of unloading/hindlimb suspension with placebo (HS), and 7 days of unloading with TeNT administration (HST). KEY FINDINGS Absolute and relative force of tetanic contractions was decreased by 65% in soleus muscle of HS rats when compared with C. Treatment with TeNT significantly lessened force decline in soleus muscle of HST rats when compared with HS. TeNT administration increased myosin heavy chain I beta (MyHC Iβ) expression in CT rats and prevented MyHC Iβ loss in HST group when compared with C rats. Desmin content was lower by 31.4% (p < 0.05) in HS group when compared with HST. Calpain-1 expression was increased in HS group when compared with C, CT and HST. There was a decrease in p-p70S6K content (41%, p < 0,05) and an increase in p-eEF2 content (77%, p < 0,05) in HS group when compared with C, while there were no significant differences in the content of these proteins between HST, CT and C groups. SIGNIFICANCE Treatment with TeNT significantly diminished unloading-induced decline of soleus muscle mass and mechanical properties and affected the regulation of MyHC Iβ expression. These effects are mediated by signaling pathways regulating protein synthesis and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana P Belova
- Myology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Sergey A Tyganov
- Myology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Y Kostrominova
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Northwest, Gary, IN, USA
| | - Boris S Shenkman
- Myology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems, RAS, Moscow, Russia
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Martin D, Nay K, Robin F, Rebillard A, Orfila L, Martin B, Leroyer P, Guggenbuhl P, Dufresne S, Noirez P, Ropert M, Loréal O, Derbré F. Oxidative and glycolytic skeletal muscles deploy protective mechanisms to avoid atrophy under pathophysiological iron overload. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:1250-1261. [PMID: 35118832 PMCID: PMC8978014 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron excess has been proposed as an essential factor in skeletal muscle wasting. Studies have reported correlations between muscle iron accumulation and atrophy, either through ageing or by using experimental models of secondary iron overload. However, iron treatments performed in most of these studies induced an extra-pathophysiological iron overload, more representative of intoxication or poisoning. The main objective of this study was to determine the impact of iron excess closer to pathophysiological conditions on structural and metabolic adaptations (i) in differentiated myotubes and (ii) in skeletal muscle exhibiting oxidative (i.e. the soleus) or glycolytic (i.e. the gastrocnemius) metabolic phenotypes. METHODS The impact of iron excess was assessed in both in vitro and in vivo models. Murine differentiated myotubes were exposed to ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) (i.e. 10 and 50 μM) for the in vitro component. The in vivo model was achieved by a single iron dextran subcutaneous injection (1 g/kg) in mice. Four months after the injection, soleus and gastrocnemius muscles were harvested for analysis. RESULTS In vitro, iron exposure caused dose-dependent increases of iron storage protein ferritin (P < 0.01) and dose-dependent decreases of mRNA TfR1 levels (P < 0.001), which support cellular adaptations to iron excess. Extra-physiological iron treatment (50 μM FAC) promoted myotube atrophy (P = 0.018), whereas myotube size remained unchanged under pathophysiological treatment (10 μM FAC). FAC treatments, whatever the doses tested, did not affect the expression of proteolytic markers (i.e. NF-κB, MurF1, and ubiquitinated proteins). In vivo, basal iron content and mRNA TfR1 levels were significantly higher in the soleus compared with the gastrocnemius (+130% and +127%; P < 0.001, respectively), supporting higher iron needs in oxidative skeletal muscle. Iron supplementation induced muscle iron accumulation in the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles (+79%, P < 0.001 and +34%, P = 0.002, respectively), but ferritin protein expression only increased in the gastrocnemius (+36%, P = 0.06). Despite iron accumulation, muscle weight, fibre diameter, and myosin heavy chain distribution remained unchanged in either skeletal muscle. CONCLUSIONS Together, these data support that under pathophysiological conditions, skeletal muscle can protect itself from the related deleterious effects of excess iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Martin
- Laboratory 'Movement, Sport and Health Sciences'-EA7470, University of Rennes/ENS Rennes, Bruz, France
| | - Kévin Nay
- Laboratory 'Movement, Sport and Health Sciences'-EA7470, University of Rennes/ENS Rennes, Bruz, France.,Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - François Robin
- INSERM, INRAe, University of Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer Institute (NuMeCan), Platform AEM2, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Amélie Rebillard
- Laboratory 'Movement, Sport and Health Sciences'-EA7470, University of Rennes/ENS Rennes, Bruz, France
| | - Luz Orfila
- Laboratory 'Movement, Sport and Health Sciences'-EA7470, University of Rennes/ENS Rennes, Bruz, France
| | - Brice Martin
- Laboratory 'Movement, Sport and Health Sciences'-EA7470, University of Rennes/ENS Rennes, Bruz, France
| | - Patricia Leroyer
- INSERM, INRAe, University of Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer Institute (NuMeCan), Platform AEM2, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Guggenbuhl
- INSERM, INRAe, University of Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer Institute (NuMeCan), Platform AEM2, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Suzanne Dufresne
- Laboratory 'Movement, Sport and Health Sciences'-EA7470, University of Rennes/ENS Rennes, Bruz, France
| | - Philippe Noirez
- IRMES-Institute for Research in Medicine and Epidemiology of Sport, INSEP, Paris, France.,INSERM S1124, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,EA7507, Performance Health Metrology Society, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Reims, France
| | | | - Olivier Loréal
- INSERM, INRAe, University of Rennes, Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer Institute (NuMeCan), Platform AEM2, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Frédéric Derbré
- Laboratory 'Movement, Sport and Health Sciences'-EA7470, University of Rennes/ENS Rennes, Bruz, France
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14
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Taylor AB, Holmes MA. Fiber-type phenotype of the jaw-closing muscles in Gorilla gorilla, Pan troglodytes, and Pan paniscus: A test of the Frequent Recruitment Hypothesis. J Hum Evol 2021; 151:102938. [PMID: 33493971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle fiber types are important determinants of the contractile properties of muscle fibers, such as fatigue resistance and shortening velocity. Yet little is known about how jaw-adductor fiber types correlate with feeding behavior in primates. Compared with chimpanzees and bonobos, gorillas spend a greater percentage of their daily time feeding and shift to herbaceous vegetation when fruits are scarce. We thus used the African apes to test the hypothesis that chewing with unusually high frequency is correlated with the expression in the jaw adductors of a high proportion of type 1 (slow, fatigue-resistant) fibers at the expense of other fiber types (the Frequent Recruitment Hypothesis). We used immunohistochemistry to determine the presence and distribution of the four major myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms in the anterior superficial masseter (ASM), superficial anterior temporalis, and deep anterior temporalis of four Gorilla gorilla, two Pan paniscus, and four Pan troglodytes. Serial sections were stained against slow (MHC-1/-α-cardiac) and fast (MHC-2/-M) fibers. Fibers were counted and scored for staining intensity, and fiber cross-sectional areas (CSAs) were measured and used to estimate percentage of CSA of each MHC isoform. Hybrid fibers accounted for nearly 100% of fiber types in the masseter and temporalis of all three species, resulting in three main hybrid phenotypes. As predicted, the gorilla ASM and deep anterior temporalis comprised a greater percentage of CSA of the slower, fatigue-resistant hybrid fiber type, significantly so for the ASM (p = 0.015). Finally, the results suggest that fiber phenotype of the chewing muscles contributes to behavioral flexibility in ways that would go undetected in paleontological studies relying solely on morphology of the bony masticatory apparatus.
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15
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Yamada T, Sugiyama G, Mori Y. Masticatory muscle function affects the pathological conditions of dentofacial deformities. Jpn Dent Sci Rev 2020; 56:56-61. [PMID: 31956379 PMCID: PMC6957801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The causes of dentofacial deformities include various known syndromes, genetics, environmental and neuromuscular factors, trauma, and tumors. Above all, the functional effects of muscles are important, and deformation of the mandible is often associated with a mechanical imbalance of the masticatory muscles. With the vertical position of the face, weakness of the sling of the masseter muscle and medial pterygoid muscle causes dilatation of the mandibular angle. In patients with a deep bite, excessive function of the masticatory muscles is reported. Myosin heavy chain (MyHC) properties also affect jawbone morphology. In short-face patients, the proportion of type II fibers, which are fast muscles, is high. The proportions of muscle fiber types are genetically determined but can be altered by postnatal environmental factors. Orthognathic surgery may results in the transition of MyHC to type II (fast) fibers, but excessive stretching enhances the release of inflammatory mediators and causes a shift toward a greater proportion of slow muscle fibers. This feature can be related to postoperative relapse. Bones and muscles are in close crosstalk, and it may be possible to use biochemical approaches as well as biomechanical considerations for the treatment of jaw deformities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Yamada
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Goro Sugiyama
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Mori
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Japan
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16
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Spainhower KB, Metz AK, Yusuf ARS, Johnson LE, Avey-Arroyo JA, Butcher MT. Coming to grips with life upside down: how myosin fiber type and metabolic properties of sloth hindlimb muscles contribute to suspensory function. J Comp Physiol B 2020; 191:207-224. [PMID: 33211164 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-020-01325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sloths exhibit almost obligatory suspensory locomotion and posture. These behaviors require both strength and fatigue resistance, although we previously found muscle fiber type characteristics in the forelimbs of sloths that belied these initial expectations. Based on locomotor roles of the forelimbs versus hindlimbs in propulsion and braking, respectively, sloth hindlimb musculature should be adapted for force production and energy savings by a near homogeneous expression of slow myosin heavy chain (MHC) fibers. This hypothesis was tested by determining MHC fiber type (%) distribution and energy metabolism in the hindlimbs of three-toed (B. variegatus, N = 5) and two-toed (C. hoffmanni, N = 3) sloths. A primary expression of the slow MHC-1 isoform was found in the hindlimbs of both species. Slow MHC fiber type (%) was significantly greater in the flexors of B. variegatus, whereas expression of fast MHC-2A fibers was significantly greater in the extensors of C. hoffmannni. MHC-1 fibers were largest in cross-sectional area (CSA) and comprised the greatest %CSA in each muscle sampled from both species. Enzyme assays showed elevated activity for anaerobic enzymes (CK and LDH) compared with low-to-moderate activity for aerobic enzymes (3-HAD and CS), and only CK activity was related to body size. These findings emphasize a joint stabilization role by the hindlimbs during suspension, especially in smaller three-toed sloths, and suggest that larger two-toed sloths could have muscles further modified for greater power output and/or prolonged arboreal maneuvering. Moreover, modifications to muscle metabolism rather than MHC expression may be more reflective of functional adaptation in sloth limbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle B Spainhower
- Department of Biological Sciences, Youngstown State University, 4013 Ward Beecher Science Hall, Youngstown, OH, 44555, USA
| | - Allan K Metz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Youngstown State University, 4013 Ward Beecher Science Hall, Youngstown, OH, 44555, USA
| | - Abdel-Ruhman S Yusuf
- Department of Biological Sciences, Youngstown State University, 4013 Ward Beecher Science Hall, Youngstown, OH, 44555, USA
| | - Lydia E Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Youngstown State University, 4013 Ward Beecher Science Hall, Youngstown, OH, 44555, USA
| | | | - Michael T Butcher
- Department of Biological Sciences, Youngstown State University, 4013 Ward Beecher Science Hall, Youngstown, OH, 44555, USA.
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17
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Wadthaisong M, Wattanapermpool J, de Tombe PP, Bupha-Intr T. Suppression of myofilament cross-bridge kinetic in the heart of orchidectomized rats. Life Sci 2020; 261:118342. [PMID: 32853655 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The increased incidence of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in men compared with women suggests that male sex hormones significantly impact myocardial contractile activation. This study aims to examine associations among molecular alterations, cellular modulations and in vivo cardiac contractile function upon deprivation of testicular hormones. MAIN METHODS Myocardial structure and functions were compared among sham-operated control and twelve-week orchidectomized (ORX) male rats with and without testosterone supplementation. KEY FINDINGS Echocardiography and pressure-volume relationships demonstrated a decreased left ventricular ejection fraction compared with sham-operated controls. The percentage of contractility reduction was generally similar to the decrease in tension development detected in both right ventricular trabeculae and skinned isolated left ventricular cardiomyocytes of ORX rats. Reductions in tension cost and the rate constant of tension redevelopment (ktr) in ORX samples suggested a decrease in the rate of cross-bridge formation, reflecting a reduced number of cross-bridges. Slow cross-bridge detachment in ORX rat hearts could result from a shift of myosin heavy chain isoforms towards a slower ATPase activity β-isoform and reductions in the phosphorylation levels of cardiac troponin I and myosin binding protein-C. All the changes in the ORX rat heart, including ejection fractions and myofilament protein expression and phosphorylation, were completed attenuated by a physiological dose of testosterone. SIGNIFICANCE Testosterone plays a critical role in regulating the mechanical and contractile dynamics of the heart. Deprivation of male sex hormones cause the loss of normal preserved cardiac contractile function leading to a high risk of severe cardiomyopathy progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munthana Wadthaisong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, United States of America
| | | | - Pieter P de Tombe
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL, United States of America; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Tepmanas Bupha-Intr
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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18
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Bonilla HJ, Messi ML, Sadieva KA, Hamilton CA, Buchman AS, Delbono O. Semiautomatic morphometric analysis of skeletal muscle obtained by needle biopsy in older adults. GeroScience 2020; 42:1431-1443. [PMID: 32946050 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of skeletal muscle mass and composition is essential for studying the biology of age-related sarcopenia, loss of muscle mass, and function. Muscle immunohistochemistry (IHC) allows for simultaneous visualization of morphological characteristics and determination of fiber type composition. The information gleaned from myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform, and morphological measurements offer a more complete assessment of muscle health and properties than classical techniques such as SDS-PAGE and ATPase immunostaining; however, IHC quantification is a time-consuming and tedious method. We developed a semiautomatic method to account for issues frequently encountered in aging tissue. We analyzed needle-biopsied vastus lateralis (VL) of the quadriceps from a cohort of 14 volunteers aged 74.9 ± 2.2 years. We found a high correlation between manual quantification and semiautomatic analyses for the total number of fibers detected (r2 = 0.989) and total fiber cross-sectional area (r2 = 0.836). The analysis of the VL fiber subtype composition and the cross-sectional area also did not show statistically significant differences. The semiautomatic approach was completed in 10-15% of the time required for manual quantification. The results from these analyses highlight some of the specific issues which commonly occur in aged muscle. Our methods which address these issues underscore the importance of developing efficient, accurate, and reliable methods for quantitatively analyzing the skeletal muscle and the standardization of collection protocols to maximize the likelihood of preserving tissue quality in older adults. Utilizing IHC as a means of exploring the progression of disease, aging, and injury in the skeletal muscle allows for the practical study of muscle tissue down to the fiber level. By adding editing modules to our semiautomatic approach, we accurately quantified the aging muscle and addressed common technical issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry J Bonilla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Maria L Messi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Khalima A Sadieva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Craig A Hamilton
- Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Engineering, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Aron S Buchman
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Osvaldo Delbono
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. .,Department of Internal Medicine, The Neuroscience Program, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. .,Department of Internal Medicine, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. .,Department of Internal Medicine, The Sticht Center for Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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19
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Wakefield BJ, Diehl R, Neff AT, Bakdash S, Pettersson GB, Mehta AR. Perioperative Management of a Patient With Profound Thrombocytopenia Secondary to MYH9-RD Presenting for Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Repair and Aortic Valve Replacement. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2020; 35:1154-1160. [PMID: 32861542 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brett J Wakefield
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
| | - Rachel Diehl
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Anne T Neff
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Suzanne Bakdash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section of Transfusion Medicine, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Gosta B Pettersson
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Anand R Mehta
- Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
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20
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Straight CR, Voigt TB, Jala AV, Chase JD, Ringham OR, Ades PA, Toth MJ, Miller MS. Quadriceps Lipid Content Has Sex-Specific Associations With Whole-Muscle, Cellular, and Molecular Contractile Function in Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 74:1879-1886. [PMID: 30428006 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased adiposity is associated with reduced skeletal muscle function in older adults, but the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. To explore whether skeletal muscle properties track with adiposity, whole-muscle, cellular, and molecular function were examined in relation to adiposity measured at various anatomical levels in healthy older (60-80 years) men and women. Although women had greater absolute and relative body and thigh fat than men, quadriceps muscle attenuation, an index of intramuscular lipid content, was similar between sexes. At the whole-muscle level, greater quadriceps attenuation was associated with reduced knee extensor function in women, but not men. In women, decreased myosin heavy chain I and IIA fiber-specific force was associated with higher intramuscular lipid content, which may be explained, in part, by the reduced myofilament lattice stiffness found in myosin heavy chain IIA fibers. Longer myosin attachment times in myosin heavy chain I fibers from men and women were associated with greater amounts of adipose tissue, suggesting that fat deposits lead to slower myosin-actin cross-bridge kinetics. Our results indicate greater quantities of adipose tissue alter myofilament properties and cross-bridge kinetics, which may partially explain the adiposity-induced decrements in single-fiber and whole-muscle function of older adults, especially women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad R Straight
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - Thomas B Voigt
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington
| | - Anudeep V Jala
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - John D Chase
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - Olivia R Ringham
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
| | - Philip A Ades
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington
| | - Michael J Toth
- Department of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont, Burlington
| | - Mark S Miller
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst
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21
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Coughlin DJ, Wilson LT, Kwon ES, Travitz LS. Thermal acclimation of rainbow trout myotomal muscle, can trout acclimate to a warming environment? Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 245:110702. [PMID: 32278083 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is a looming threat to the planet. Cold-water aquatic species will face significant physiological challenges due to elevated summer temperatures. Salmonids, such as rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) maintain fidelity to native streams, limiting their ability to mitigate the impact of climate change through migration. We examined how rainbow trout swimming performance and muscle function were shaped by the thermal environment. We hypothesized that trout would show slower muscle contractile properties and slower swimming performance with long-term exposure to warmer water. For fish held at either 10 °C or 20 °C, maximum steady swimming speed (Ucrit) was determined, and contractile properties of both fast-twitch (white) and slow-twitch (red) myotomal muscle were examined. In addition, immunohistochemistry and quantitative PCR were used to assess changes in myosin content of the myotomal muscle in response to holding temperature. Rainbow trout exposed to warm water for six weeks displayed relatively limited thermal acclimation response. When tested at a common temperature (10 °C), 20 °C acclimated fish had modestly slower muscle performance compared to 10 °C acclimated fish. Significant differences in swimming performance and muscle contractile properties were primarily at colder test temperatures (e.g. 2 °C for muscle mechanics). Shifts in myosin heavy chain protein composition and myosin heavy chain gene expression in the swimming muscle were observed in white but not red muscle. Our results suggest that rainbow trout will have a limited ability to mitigate elevated environmental temperature through thermal acclimation of their myotomal or swimming muscle.
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22
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Agten A, Stevens S, Verbrugghe J, Timmermans A, Vandenabeele F. Biopsy samples from the erector spinae of persons with nonspecific chronic low back pain display a decrease in glycolytic muscle fibers. Spine J 2020; 20:199-206. [PMID: 31563580 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2019.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Low back pain (LBP) in Western Europe was classified as having the highest disability and overall burden among 291 studied conditions. For an extensive period of time, evidence related to morphological changes (eg, atrophy and fat infiltration) of the paraspinal muscles in persons with LBP has accumulated. Despite this evidence, there is limited knowledge on muscle fiber type composition of these muscles, and their relation to LBP. PURPOSE The aim of the study is to investigate differences in muscle fiber type composition between persons with nonspecific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) and healthy controls for the lumbar erector spinae (ES) and multifidus (MF) muscle. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING A cross-sectional study took place in the REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium. PATIENT SAMPLE Twenty persons with NSCLBP (age: 44.5±7.42) and 18 healthy controls (age: 39.89±7.90) participated in this study. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measure was paraspinal muscle fiber type composition. Secondary outcomes consisted of physiologic measures (maximal aerobic capacity and back muscle strength) and functional measures (activity level). METHODS Biopsy samples were taken from the lumbar ES and MF muscle at the L4 spinal level. These samples were stained using immunofluorescent antibodies against myosin heavy chains. In each sample, number and size (CSA) of type I, I/IIa, IIa, IIa/x, and IIx muscle fibers were quantified. From these data the relative cross-sectional fiber areas (RCSA) were calculated. To analyze differences in fiber type composition between healthy persons and persons with NSCLBP, a repeated measurements analysis of variance was used. Secondary outcome measures were analyzed using a Student's t test, and Wilcoxon test. This study was supported by the research fund of Hasselt University without potential conflict of interest. RESULTS There were no significant differences between both groups regarding anthropometric data. There were no significant between group differences for CSA in the ES. Persons with NSCLBP displayed a nonsignificant (p=.0978) increase in the number of type I muscle fibers, and a significant decrease (p=.0019) in the number of type IIx muscle fibers in the ES muscle. Persons with NSCLBP also displayed a trend toward a higher (p=.0596) RCSA for type I fibers and a significantly lower RCSA for type IIx fibers (p=.0411). There were no significant between group differences within the MF. Regarding the secondary outcome measures, there was a significant between group difference in activity level (p=.0004) and isokinetic back muscle strength (p=.0342). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to examine muscle fiber type characteristics in both the ES and MF muscle of persons with NSCLBP. Based on muscle fiber characteristics, the paraspinal muscles of persons with NSCLBP seems to display a larger oxidative potential based on an increase of the number type I fibers at the expense of type IIx glycolytic fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk Agten
- Hasselt University, Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Agoralaan building A, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.
| | - Sjoerd Stevens
- Hasselt University, Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Agoralaan building A, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jonas Verbrugghe
- Hasselt University, Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Agoralaan building A, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Annick Timmermans
- Hasselt University, Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Agoralaan building A, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Frank Vandenabeele
- Hasselt University, Rehabilitation Research Center, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Agoralaan building A, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Hohl R, Blackhurst DM, Donaldson B, van Boom KM, Kohn TA. Wild antelope skeletal muscle antioxidant enzyme activities do not correlate with muscle fibre type or oxidative metabolism. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 242:110638. [PMID: 31862242 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.110638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Wild antelope are some of the fastest land animals in the world, presenting with high oxidative and glycolytic skeletal muscle metabolism. However, no study has investigated their muscle antioxidant capacity, and may assist in understanding their physical ability and certain pathophysiological manifestations, such as capture myopathy. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant activities superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR), as well as five key regulatory enzymes that serve as markers of glycolysis (phosphofructokinase (PFK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)), the tricarboxylic acid cycle (citrate synthase (CS)), β-oxidation (3-hydroxyacetyl CoA dehydrogenase (3HAD)) and the phosphagen pathway (creatine kinase (CK)), in the Vastus lateralis muscle of six southern African wild antelope species (mountain reedbuck, springbok, blesbok, fallow deer, black wildebeest and kudu). Four different muscle groups from laboratory rats served as reference values for the enzyme activities. SOD, CS and LDH activities were the highest in the wild antelope, whereas CK appeared highest in rat fast twitch muscles. Between the wild antelope species, differences exist for SOD, CAT, PFK, CK and LDH, but not for CS, 3HAD and GR. CAT and GR correlated positively only with type I fibres. No correlations could be found between muscle fibre type and the oxidative enzymes, CS and 3HAD, from the wild animals, concurring with previous studies on porcine and rats. However, wild antelope and rat muscle CK and SOD strongly correlated, hinting towards an antioxidant role for CK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Hohl
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil; Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dee M Blackhurst
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Byron Donaldson
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kathryn M van Boom
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tertius A Kohn
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Medical Bioscience, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, South Africa.
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24
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Chen XL, Wu ZH, Fan R, Zou ZQ, Long ZY, Yao L, Li B. [Effect of electroacupuncture on degradation of myosin heavy chain of gastrocnemius muscle in diabetes rats]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2019; 44:653-8. [PMID: 31532134 DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.180757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of electroacupuncture(EA)on the expression of muscle-specific ring finger protein 1(MuRF1/Trim63),F-box only protein 32(Fbxo32),myosin heavy chain-IIa(Myh2),myosin heavy chain-IIb(Myh4)and myosin heavy chain-I(Myh7)in diabetes rats. METHODS Thirty-six male Wistar rats were equally randomized into control, model and EA groups. The diabetes model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 0.1% Streptozocin (STZ) solution (50 mg/kg). After that, EA (2 Hz, 1 mA) was applied to bilateral "Zusanli" (ST36), "Yinlingquan" (SP9) and "Shenshu" (BL23) for 10 min, once a day, 6 times a week for 2 weeks. The fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting serum insulin (FINS) contents were assayed by using ELISA, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. The body weight, and wet weight of bilateral gastrocnemius muscles were measured. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the gastrocnemius muscle was measured after H.E. stai-ning. The expression of MuRF1, Fbxo32, Myh2, Myh4 and Myh7 mRNAs in the gastrocnemius tissue was tested using quantitative real time-PCR. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the FBG and HOMA-IR were significantly higher (P<0.05), and the FINS, body weight were significantly lower (P<0.05) after intravenous injection of STZ for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 weeks respectively. Following EA treatment and compared with the model group, the FBG and HOMA-IR were significantly down-regulated (P<0.05), and the FINS and body weight were considerably increased (P<0.05). Following modeling and compared with the control group, the wet weight of gastrocnemius muscle, CSA, and expression levels of Myh2, Myh4 and Myh7 mRNAs were obviously decreased, and the expression of MuRF1 and Fbxo32 mRNA was obviously increased in the model group (P<0.05). After EA treatment, the gastrocnemius muscle wet weight, CSA, expression levels of Myh2, Myh4 and Myh7 mRNA were significantly up-regulated (P<0.05), and the expression levels of MuRF1 and Fbxo32 mRNA were markedly down-regulated in comparison with those of the model group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION EA treatment can delay the atrophy of gastrocnemius muscle (skeletal muscle) in diabetes rats possibly by improving the degradation of myosin heavy chain via regulating the expression of muscular MuRF1, Fbxo32, Myh2, Myh4 and Myh7 mRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lin Chen
- Department 1 of Rehabilitation, Hospital, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Sports Rehabilitation Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zong-Hui Wu
- Department 1 of Rehabilitation, Hospital, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Sports Rehabilitation Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Rui Fan
- Department 1 of Rehabilitation, Hospital, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Sports Rehabilitation Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zuo-Qiang Zou
- Department 1 of Rehabilitation, Hospital, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Sports Rehabilitation Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zai-Yun Long
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Department 3, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042
| | - Lan Yao
- Department 1 of Rehabilitation, Hospital, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Sports Rehabilitation Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department 1 of Rehabilitation, Hospital, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; Sports Rehabilitation Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Jeon Y, Choi J, Kim HJ, Lee H, Lim JY, Choi SJ. Sex- and fiber-type-related contractile properties in human single muscle fiber. J Exerc Rehabil 2019; 15:537-545. [PMID: 31523674 PMCID: PMC6732543 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1938336.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the distribution and contractile properties of single muscle fiber sex/myosin heavy chain (MHC) type-related differences and to evaluate the correlation of cross-sectional area (CSA) and specific force (SF) in a single muscle fiber. Six young men and six young women were participated in this study. Muscle sample was obtained from vastus lateralis muscle. To examine potential gender differences within each fiber contractile properties (CSA, maximal isometric force, SF, maximal shortening velocity) and relationship between CSA and SF of single fiber using Pearson correlation. After mechanical measurements, single muscle fiber determined MHC isoforms using silver stain. MHC isoform composition did not differ by sex (chi-square=6.978, P=0.073). There were sex-related differences in CSA and maximal isometric force (P<0.05), but no fiber type-related differences (P>0.05). Related to SF and maximal shortening velocity, there were no sex-related differences only fiber type-related differences (P<0.05). However, there were differences in SF between single fiber types in men but not in women. A negative correlation was found between CSA and SF in both men and women (P<0.05). It is suggested that there might be different mechanical properties of cross-bridges according to sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunah Jeon
- Division of Sports and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea.,Mechanical & Molecular Myology Lab, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Junghwa Choi
- Division of Sports and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hee Jaeng Kim
- Division of Sports and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
| | - Hojun Lee
- Division of Sports and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea.,Mechanical & Molecular Myology Lab, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- Mechanical & Molecular Myology Lab, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Seung-Jun Choi
- Division of Sports and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
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26
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Ishikawa K, Hara T, Mizukawa M, Fukano Y, Shimomura T. Natriuretic peptide signaling is involved in the expression of oxidative metabolism-related and muscle fiber constitutive genes in the gastrocnemius muscle. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2019; 494:110493. [PMID: 31255729 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Natriuretic peptides regulate cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels via their receptors and have various physiological effects. Natriuretic peptide receptor C (NPR-C) increases cGMP signaling by functioning as a clearance receptor. We analyzed the role of natriuretic peptides in the skeletal muscle, which increases in mass with bone elongation, of NPR-C- mice. High-fat diet (HFD)-fed NPR-C- mice exhibited obesity resistance and higher oxygen consumption. PGC1α gene expression was upregulated in the gastrocnemius muscle of HFD-fed NPR-C- mice compared with HFD-fed NPR-C+ (wild-type) mice. Gene expression of proliferator-activated receptor delta and estrogen-related receptor α, which upregulate oxidative metabolism, was increased in the gastrocnemius muscle of NPR-C- mice, irrespective of diet. Expression of myosin heavy chain 7, a component of type I slow-twitch fiber, was enhanced. Natriuretic peptide signaling may influence oxidative metabolism-related and slow-twitch fiber constitutive gene expression in the fast-twitch gastrocnemius muscle but not in slow-twitch muscles such as the soleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Ishikawa
- Sohyaku Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Toda, Japan; Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Taiki Hara
- Sohyaku Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Toda, Japan; Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mao Mizukawa
- Sohyaku Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Toda, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Fukano
- Sohyaku Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Toda, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shimomura
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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27
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Kokubu Y, Nagino T, Sasa K, Oikawa T, Miyake K, Kume A, Fukuda M, Fuse H, Tozawa R, Sakurai H. Phenotypic Drug Screening for Dysferlinopathy Using Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:1017-1029. [PMID: 31250983 PMCID: PMC6766604 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysferlinopathy is a progressive muscle disorder that includes limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B and Miyoshi myopathy (MM). It is caused by mutations in the dysferlin (DYSF) gene, whose function is to reseal the muscular membrane. Treatment with proteasome inhibitor MG‐132 has been shown to increase misfolded dysferlin in fibroblasts, allowing them to recover their membrane resealing function. Here, we developed a screening system based on myocytes from MM patient‐derived induced pluripotent stem cells. According to the screening, nocodazole was found to effectively increase the level of dysferlin in cells, which, in turn, enhanced membrane resealing following injury by laser irradiation. Moreover, the increase was due to microtubule disorganization and involved autophagy rather than the proteasome degradation pathway. These findings suggest that increasing the amount of misfolded dysferlin using small molecules could represent an effective future clinical treatment for dysferlinopathy. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:1017–1029
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Kokubu
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Nagino
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Katsunori Sasa
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Oikawa
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Katsuya Miyake
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Narita Campus, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita City, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akiko Kume
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mikiko Fukuda
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Fuse
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Tozawa
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Sakurai
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Lóry V, Balážová L, Kršková K, Horváthová Ľ, Olszanecki R, Suski M, Zórad Š. Obesity and aging affects skeletal muscle renin-angiotensin system and myosin heavy chain proportions in pre-diabetic Zucker rats. J Physiol Biochem 2019; 75:351-365. [PMID: 31197649 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00689-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
There is a gap in the knowledge regarding regulation of local renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in skeletal muscle during development of obesity and insulin resistance in vivo. This study evaluates the obesity- and age-related changes in the expression of local RAS components. Since RAS affects skeletal muscle remodelling, we also evaluated the muscle fibre type composition, defined by myosin heavy chain (MyHC) mRNAs and protein content. Gene expressions were determined by qPCR and/or Western blot analysis in musculus quadriceps of 3- and 8-month-old male obese Zucker rats and their lean controls. The enzymatic activity of aminopeptidase A (APA) was determined flourometrically. Activation of renin receptor (ReR)/promyelocytic leukaemia zinc finger (PLZF) negative feedback mechanism was observed in obesity. The expression of angiotensinogen and AT1 was downregulated by obesity, while neutral endopeptidase and AT2 expressions were upregulated in obese rats with aging. Skeletal muscle APA activity was decreased by obesity, which negatively correlated with the increased plasma APA activity and plasma cholesterol. The expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) positively correlated with MyHC mRNAs characteristic for fast-twitch muscle fibres. The obesity- and age-related alterations in the expression of both classical and alternative RAS components suggest an onset of a new equilibrium between ACE/AngII/AT1 and ACE2/Ang1-7/Mas at lower level accompanied by increased renin/ReR/PLZF activation. Increased APA release from the skeletal muscle in obesity might contribute to increased plasma APA activity. There is a link between reduced ACE expression and altered muscle MyHC proportion in obesity and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Lóry
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava 4, Slovakia.
| | - Lucia Balážová
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava 4, Slovakia
| | - Katarína Kršková
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava 4, Slovakia
| | - Ľubica Horváthová
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava 4, Slovakia
| | - Rafal Olszanecki
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Suski
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531, Krakow, Poland
| | - Štefan Zórad
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava 4, Slovakia
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López-Unzu MA, Durán AC, Soto-Navarrete MT, Sans-Coma V, Fernández B. Differential expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms in cardiac segments of gnathostome vertebrates and its evolutionary implications. Front Zool 2019; 16:18. [PMID: 31198434 PMCID: PMC6558913 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-019-0318-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Immunohistochemical studies of hearts from the lesser spotted dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula (Chondrichthyes) revealed that the pan-myosin heavy chain (pan-MyHC) antibody MF20 homogeneously labels all the myocardium, while the pan-MyHC antibody A4.1025 labels the myocardium of the inflow (sinus venosus and atrium) but not the outflow (ventricle and conus arteriosus) cardiac segments, as opposed to other vertebrates. We hypothesized that the conventional pattern of cardiac MyHC isoform distribution present in most vertebrates, i.e. MYH6 in the inflow and MYH7 in the outflow segments, has evolved from a primitive pattern that persists in Chondrichthyes. In order to test this hypothesis, we conducted protein detection techniques to identify the MyHC isoforms expressed in adult dogfish cardiac segments and to assess the pan-MyHC antibodies reactivity against the cardiac segments of representative species from different vertebrate groups. Results Western and slot blot results confirmed the specificity of MF20 and A4.1025 for MyHC in dogfish and their differential reactivity against distinct myocardial segments. HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and ESI-Quadrupole-Orbitrap revealed abundance of MYH6 and MYH2 in the inflow and of MYH7 and MYH7B in the outflow segments. Immunoprecipitation showed higher affinity of A4.1025 for MYH2 and MYH6 than for MYH7 and almost no affinity for MYH7B. Immunohistochemistry showed that A4.1025 signals are restricted to the inflow myocardial segments of elasmobranchs, homogeneous in all myocardial segments of teleosts and acipenseriforms, and low in the ventricle of polypteriforms. Conclusions The cardiac inflow and outflow segments of the dogfish show predominance of fast- and slow-twitch MyHC isoforms respectively, what can be considered a synapomorphy of gnathostomes. The myocardium of the dogfish contains two isomyosins (MYH2 and MYH7B) not expressed in the adult heart of other vertebrates. We propose that these isomyosins lost their function in cardiac contraction during the evolution of gnathostomes, the later acquiring a regulatory role in myogenesis through its intronic miRNA. Loss of MYH2 and MYH7B expression in the heart possibly occurred before the origin of Osteichthyes, being the latter reacquired in polypteriforms. We raise the hypothesis that the slow tonic MYH7B facilitates the peristaltic contraction of the conus arteriosus of fish with a primitive cardiac anatomical design and of the vertebrate embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A López-Unzu
- 1Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, España.,2Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana Carmen Durán
- 1Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, España.,2Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - María Teresa Soto-Navarrete
- 1Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, España.,2Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Valentín Sans-Coma
- 1Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, España.,2Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Borja Fernández
- 1Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, España.,2Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.,CIBERCV Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Málaga, Spain
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Moreillon M, Conde Alonso S, Broskey NT, Greggio C, Besson C, Rousson V, Amati F. Hybrid fiber alterations in exercising seniors suggest contribution to fast-to-slow muscle fiber shift. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2019; 10:687-695. [PMID: 30907516 PMCID: PMC6596392 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human skeletal muscle is composed of a functional and metabolic continuum of slow (Type I) and fast fibers (IIa and IIx). Hybrid fibers co-expressing different myosin heavy chains are also present and seem to be more prominent in aging muscle. Their role is debated; hybrid fibers were reported either in a transitional state, between slow and fast fibers, or as fixed individual entities. This study examined the fate of hybrid fibers with an endurance exercise intervention in an elderly sedentary population. METHODS Twenty-two sedentary healthy elderly men and women underwent a 16-week supervised endurance exercise intervention. Eighteen endurance-trained age- and gender-matched volunteers served as controls. Fiber type distribution was determined by immunohistochemistry on vastus lateralis muscle biopsies pre-intervention and post-intervention. RESULTS A total of 13840 fibers were analyzed. At baseline, a Type II dominant fiber profile was observed compared with the control group, with more Type IIa (P = 0.0301) and Type IIx fibers (P = 0.0328). Hybrid fibers represented almost 5% of total muscle fibers in both groups. There was no significant difference between groups (I-IIa, P = 0.6719 and IIa-IIx, P = 0.0998). Intervention triggered qualitative dynamics towards an increase in Type I, and decrease in Type II fibers, paralleled by an increase in I-IIa hybrids (P = 0.0301). CONCLUSIONS The present study is, to our knowledge, the first to examine hybrid muscle fiber type adaptations to an endurance exercise intervention in the elderly. Hybrid fiber proportions did not differ between chronic sedentary state and chronic endurance-trained state. Exercise intervention increased Type I-IIa hybrid fibers along with shift dynamics in other fiber types suggesting the contribution of hybrid fiber to a fast-to-slow fiber type transition, eventually serving as intermediate reservoir from one monomorphic myosin heavy chain expressing fiber type to another. This finding favours the transitional theory regarding hybrid muscle fibers and exercise, crucial to understanding reversible mechanisms of sarcopenia and development of prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Moreillon
- Aging and Muscle Metabolism Lab, Department of Physiology & Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sonia Conde Alonso
- Aging and Muscle Metabolism Lab, Department of Physiology & Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicholas T Broskey
- Aging and Muscle Metabolism Lab, Department of Physiology & Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Greggio
- Aging and Muscle Metabolism Lab, Department of Physiology & Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Besson
- Sports Medicine Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valentin Rousson
- Division of Biostatistics and Quantitative Methods, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Amati
- Aging and Muscle Metabolism Lab, Department of Physiology & Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Sports Medicine Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Das S, Kumar P, Verma A, Maiti TK, Mathew SJ. Myosin heavy chain mutations that cause Freeman-Sheldon syndrome lead to muscle structural and functional defects in Drosophila. Dev Biol 2019; 449:90-98. [PMID: 30826400 PMCID: PMC7015705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Missense mutations in the MYH3 gene encoding myosin heavy chain-embryonic (MyHC-embryonic) have been reported to cause two skeletal muscle contracture syndromes, Freeman Sheldon Syndrome (FSS) and Sheldon Hall Syndrome (SHS). Two residues in MyHC-embryonic that are most frequently mutated, leading to FSS, R672 and T178, are evolutionarily conserved across myosin heavy chains in vertebrates and Drosophila. We generated transgenic Drosophila expressing myosin heavy chain (Mhc) transgenes with the FSS mutations and characterized the effect of their expression on Drosophila muscle structure and function. Our results indicate that expressing these mutant Mhc transgenes lead to structural abnormalities in the muscle, which increase in severity with age and muscle use. We find that flies expressing the FSS mutant Mhc transgenes in the muscle exhibit shortening of the inter-Z disc distance of sarcomeres, reduction in the Z-disc width, aberrant deposition of Z-disc proteins, and muscle fiber splitting. The ATPase activity of the three FSS mutant MHC proteins are reduced compared to wild type MHC, with the most severe reduction observed in the T178I mutation. Structurally, the FSS mutations occur close to the ATP binding pocket, disrupting the ATPase activity of the protein. Functionally, expression of the FSS mutant Mhc transgenes in muscle lead to significantly reduced climbing capability in adult flies. Thus, our findings indicate that the FSS contracture syndrome mutations lead to muscle structural defects and functional deficits in Drosophila, possibly mediated by the reduced ATPase activity of the mutant MHC proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyasi Das
- Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana, 121001, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana, 121001, India; Affiliated to Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Aakanksha Verma
- Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana, 121001, India
| | - Tushar K Maiti
- Functional Proteomics Laboratory, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana, 121001, India
| | - Sam J Mathew
- Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana, 121001, India; Affiliated to Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Wu L, Ran L, Lang H, Zhou M, Yu L, Yi L, Zhu J, Liu L, Mi M. Myricetin improves endurance capacity by inducing muscle fiber type conversion via miR-499. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2019; 16:27. [PMID: 31073320 PMCID: PMC6498703 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-019-0353-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reprogramming of fast-to-slow myofiber switch can improve endurance capacity and alleviate fatigue. Accumulating evidence suggests that a muscle-specific microRNA, miR-499 plays a crucial role in myofiber type transition. In this study, we assessed the effects of natural flavonoid myricetin on exercise endurance and muscle fiber constitution, and further investigated the underlying mechanism of myricetin in vivo and in vitro. Methods A total of 66 six-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into non-exercise or exercise groups with/without orally administered myricetin (50 or 150 mg/kg) for 2 or 4 weeks. Time-to-exhaustion, blood biochemical parameters, muscle fiber type proportion, the expression of muscle type decision related genes were measured. Mimic/ inhibitor of miR-499 were transfected into cultured L6 myotubes, the expressions of muscle type decision related genes and mitochondrial respiration capacity were investigated. Results Myricetin treatment significantly improved the time-to-exhaustion in trained rats. The enhancement of endurance capacity was associated with an increase of the proportion of slow-twitch myofiber in both soleus and gastrocnemius muscles. Importantly, myricetin treatment amplified the expression of miR-499 and suppressed the expression of Sox6, the down-stream target gene of miR-499, both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-499 overturned the effects of myricetin on down-regulating Sox6. Conclusions Myricetin promoted the reprogramming of fast-to-slow muscle fiber type switch and reinforced the exercise endurance capacity. The precise mechanisms responsible for the effects of myricetin are not resolved but likely involve regulating miR-499/Sox6 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luting Wu
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Ran
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hedong Lang
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Yu
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Long Yi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jundong Zhu
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mantian Mi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food safety, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zhou LN, Lin YN, Gu CJ, Zhou JP, Sun XW, Cai XT, Du J, Li QY. AMPK/FOXO1 signaling pathway is indispensable in visfatin-regulated myosin heavy chain expression in C2C12 myotubes. Life Sci 2019; 224:197-203. [PMID: 30926551 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few studies have addressed the effects of visfatin on skeletal muscle remodeling. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of visfatin on the expressions of myosin heavy chain (MHC) and its isoforms, the major indicator of fiber types and contractile properties of skeletal muscle. MATERIALS AND METHODS Levels of MHC, MHC I, MHC IIa, MHC IIb, adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), p-AMPK and forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) were tested in visfatin-treated C2C12 myotubes. C2C12 myotubes were treated with visfatin combined with AMPK inhibitor or AMPK activator to investigate the role of AMPK in visfatin-mediated MHC expression. FOXO1 was overexpressed or knocked down in C2C12 myotubes to explore the role of FOXO1 in visfatin-mediated MHC expression. RESULTS Compared with the vehicle group, treatment with 5 μg/ml visfatin increased the levels of total MHC and its isoforms, MHC I, MHC IIa and MHC IIb, by 1.93, 1.84, 1.80, and 1.92 folds, respectively (all p = 0,001). Visfatin suppressed AMPK phosphorylation and decreased FOXO1 expression in C2C12 myotubes. The effects of visfatin on MHC I and MHC IIa expression were canceled by AMPK activator AICAR. FOXO1 overexpression minimized the visfatin-induced upregulation of MHC I, MHC IIa and MHC IIb. The effect of AMPK activator AICAR on MHC and its isoforms expression was minimized by knockdown of FOXO1. CONCLUSIONS The findings revealed that visfatin promoted expressions of MHC and its isoforms in C2C12 myotubes via suppressing AMPK/FOXO1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Na Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 281000, China
| | - Ying Ni Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chen Juan Gu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jian Ping Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xian Wen Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiao Ting Cai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 281000, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 281000, China
| | - Qing Yun Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Elrabie Ahmed M, Bando H, Fuse S, Mostafa Abdelfattah H, Elrabie Ahmed M, Abdel-Kader Ahmed M, Tsujikawa T, Hisa Y. Differential isoform expression of SERCA and myosin heavy chain in hypopharyngeal muscles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 39:220-229. [PMID: 30933182 PMCID: PMC6734200 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-2185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Composition of slow, fast and hybrid fibres of pharyngeal muscles,
associated with pharyngeal movements and regulation, has been rarely
studied. The present study aimed to identify expression of
sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) and myosin heavy
chain (MHC) and hybrid isoforms in different pharyngeal muscles of
young and aged rats as well as humans. Isoform expression profiles of
SERCA, MHC and hybrid isoforms among six components of pharyngeal
muscle were immunohistochemically evaluated in rat and human. The
result showed that pharyngeal muscles predominantly expressed fast
fibres (SERCA1 and MHCII), whereas expression of slow fibres (SERCA2
and MHCI) was low, but different depending on muscle components. Inner
layer of pharyngeal muscles expressed more SERCA2 and hybrid fibres
than the outer layer. Pharyngeal muscles in aged rats showed increased
hybrid fibers and SERCA2. Human thyropharyngeus also showed a higher
portion of fast fibres compared to cricopharyngeus. Thus, in contrast
to abundance of fast fibres, slow and hybrid fibres are differentially
expressed depending on muscle components and layers as well as aging.
These results lead to further understanding of coordinated regulation
for speech and swallowing. The unique data presented in this study on
SERCA isoform expressions in both rats and human suggest an ability to
handle calcium changes according functional demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Elrabie Ahmed
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sohag University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - H Bando
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - S Fuse
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - H Mostafa Abdelfattah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona Elrabie Ahmed
- Unit of Phoniatrics-Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sohag University, Egypt
| | - M Abdel-Kader Ahmed
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sohag University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - T Tsujikawa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Hisa
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences and Disorders, Kyoto Gakuen University, Japan
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Shah F, Stål P, Li J, Sessle BJ, Avivi-Arber L. Tooth extraction and subsequent dental implant placement in Sprague-Dawley rats induce differential changes in anterior digastric myofibre size and myosin heavy chain isoform expression. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 99:141-149. [PMID: 30684691 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to determine if tooth loss and dental implant placement in rats induce changes in the morphological and histochemical features of the Anterior Digastric muscle. DESIGN Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats had their right maxillary molar teeth extracted. 'Extraction-1' and 'Extraction-2 groups were sacrificed, respectively, 4 or 8 weeks later, and an Implant group had an implant placement 2 weeks after the molar extraction, and rats were sacrificed 3 weeks later (n = 4/group). Naive rats (n = 3) had no treatment. Morphometric and immunohistochemical techniques quantified Anterior Digastric muscle myofibres' cross-sectional area (CSA) and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform proportions. Significant ANOVAs were followed by post-hoc tests; p < 0.05 and 0.1 were considered to reflect levels of statistical significance. RESULTS In naïve rats, the peripheral regions of the Anterior Digastric muscle was dominated by MyHC-IIx/b isoform and there were no MyHC-I isoforms; the central regions dominated by MyHC-IIx/b and MyHC-IIa isoforms. Compared with naive rats, tooth extraction produced, 8 (but not 4) weeks later, a decreased proportion of fast-contracting fatigue-resistant MyHC-IIa isoform (p = 0.08), and increased proportion of fast and intermediate fatigue-resistance MyHC-IIa/x/b isoform (p = 0.03). Dental implant placement following tooth extraction attenuated the extraction effects but produced a decreased proportion of fast-contracting fatiguable MyHC-llx/b isoform (p = 0.03) in the peripheral region, and increased inter-animal variability in myofibre-CSAs. CONCLUSIONS Given the crucial role that the Anterior Digastric muscle plays in many vital oral functions (e.g., chewing, swallowing), these changes may contribute to the changes in oral sensorimotor functions that occur in humans following such treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Shah
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, laboratory of Muscle Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward St., Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1G6, Canada.
| | - Per Stål
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, laboratory of Muscle Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Jian Li
- Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward St., Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1G6, Canada; Peking University, China.
| | - Barry J Sessle
- Oral Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 124 Edward St., Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1G6, Canada.
| | - Limor Avivi-Arber
- Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward St., Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1G6, Canada.
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Pataky MW, Arias EB, Cartee GD. Measuring Both Glucose Uptake and Myosin Heavy Chain Isoform Expression in Single Rat Skeletal Muscle Fibers. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1889:283-300. [PMID: 30367421 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8897-6_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glucose uptake by skeletal muscle is important for metabolic health. Because skeletal muscle is composed of multiple fiber types that have differing metabolic and contractile properties, studying glucose uptake in whole muscle tissue does not elucidate differences at the cellular level. Here, we describe a procedure that enables the measurement of both glucose uptake and fiber type (by myosin heavy chain isoform expression) in individual rat epitrochlearis muscle fibers.
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Bathgate KE, Bagley JR, Jo E, Talmadge RJ, Tobias IS, Brown LE, Coburn JW, Arevalo JA, Segal NL, Galpin AJ. Muscle health and performance in monozygotic twins with 30 years of discordant exercise habits. Eur J Appl Physiol 2018; 118:2097-110. [PMID: 30006671 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-018-3943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical health and function depend upon both genetic inheritance and environmental factors (e.g., exercise training). PURPOSE To enhance the understanding of heritability/adaptability, we explored the skeletal muscle health and physiological performance of monozygotic (MZ) twins with > 30 years of chronic endurance training vs. no specific/consistent exercise. METHODS One pair of male MZ twins (age = 52 years; Trained Twin, TT; Untrained Twin, UT) underwent analyses of: (1) anthropometric characteristics and blood profiles, (2) markers of cardiovascular and pulmonary health, and (3) skeletal muscle size, strength, and power and molecular markers of muscle health. RESULTS This case study represents the most comprehensive physiological comparison of MZ twins with this length and magnitude of differing exercise history. TT exhibited: (1) lower body mass, body fat%, resting heart rate, blood pressure, cholesterol, triglycerides, and plasma glucose, (2) greater relative cycling power, anaerobic endurance, and aerobic capacity (VO2max), but lower muscle size/strength and poorer muscle quality, (3) more MHC I (slow-twitch) and fewer MHC IIa (fast-twitch) fibers, (4) greater AMPK protein expression, and (5) greater PAX7, IGF1Ec, IGF1Ea, and FN14 mRNA expression than UT. CONCLUSIONS Several measured differences are the largest reported between MZ twins (TT expressed 55% more MHC I fibers, 12.4 ml/kg/min greater VO2max, and 8.6% lower body fat% vs. UT). These data collectively (a) support utilizing chronic endurance training to improve body composition and cardiovascular health and (b) suggest the cardiovascular and skeletal muscle systems exhibit greater plasticity than previously thought, further highlighting the importance of studying MZ twins with large (long-term) differences in exposomes.
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Abstract
Obesity can cause a decline in contractile function of skeletal muscle, thereby reducing mobility and promoting obesity-associated health risks. We reviewed the literature to establish the current state-of-knowledge of how obesity affects skeletal muscle contraction and relaxation. At a cellular level, the dominant effects of obesity are disrupted calcium signalling and 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity. As a result, there is a shift from slow to fast muscle fibre types. Decreased AMPK activity promotes the class II histone deacetylase (HDAC)-mediated inhibition of the myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2). MEF2 promotes slow fibre type expression, and its activity is stimulated by the calcium-dependent phosphatase calcineurin. Obesity-induced attenuation of calcium signalling via its effects on calcineurin, as well as on adiponectin and actinin affects excitation-contraction coupling and excitation-transcription coupling in the myocyte. These molecular changes affect muscle contractile function and phenotype, and thereby in vivo and in vitro muscle performance. In vivo, obesity can increase the absolute force and power produced by increasing the demand on weight-supporting muscle. However, when normalised to body mass, muscle performance of obese individuals is reduced. Isolated muscle preparations show that obesity often leads to a decrease in force produced per muscle cross-sectional area, and power produced per muscle mass. Obesity and ageing have similar physiological consequences. The synergistic effects of obesity and ageing on muscle function may exacerbate morbidity and mortality. Important future research directions include determining: the relationship between time course of weight gain and changes in muscle function; the relative effects of weight gain and high-fat diet feeding per se; the effects of obesity on muscle function during ageing; and if the effects of obesity on muscle function are reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Tallis
- Center for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Science and Health Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Rob S James
- Center for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Science and Health Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Frank Seebacher
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Heydon Laurence Building A08, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Oh SL, Yoon SH, Lim JY. Age- and sex-related differences in myosin heavy chain isoforms and muscle strength, function, and quality: a cross sectional study. J Exerc Nutrition Biochem 2018; 22:43-50. [PMID: 30149426 PMCID: PMC6058071 DOI: 10.20463/jenb.2018.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Declining muscle strength and function are hallmarks of the aging process. This study aimed to determine sex-related differences in myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms and muscle mass, strength, and quality with aging. [Methods] This cross-sectional study recruited 53 healthy participants (32 men, 21 women) aged 20–85 years who were divided into four groups: young men (n=17, YM, 29.23±4.51), older men (n=15, OM, 71.87±3.42), young women (n=11, YW, 29.64±4.88), and older women (n=10, OW, 68.1±1.91). Body composition and muscle strength and quality were analyzed. Muscle specimens were obtained from the vastus lateralis in all participants to analyze the type of MHC isoforms. [Results] Men showed a greater age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass (18.6%, p<0.01), lean body mass (10.1%, p<0.05), grip strength (35.3%, p<0.001), isometric strength (29.6%, p<0.001), isotonic power (42.5%, p<0.001), isokinetic strength (up to 44.3%, p<0.001), and muscle quality (up to 24.8%, p<0.01). In contrast, women had significantly lower isometric strength (24.2%, p<0.05), isotonic power (36.5%, p<0.01), and upper-body muscle quality (24.7%, p<0.001) with aging. In addition, the proportion of MHC IIa was significantly lower in OM (p<0.05) and OW (p<0.05) than in YM and YW, respectively. However, the proportion of MHC I was significantly higher in OM (p<0.01) than in YM but was high in both YW and OW. MHC I and MHC IIa negatively and positively correlated, respectively, with muscle strength and function. [Conclusion] These results indicate the existence of sex-related differences in muscle mass, strength, and quality and MHC isoform composition with increasing age. The effects on muscle strength and function with aging were significant in men, but not in women. Higher and lower proportions of MHC I and MHC IIa fibers, respectively, were inversely associated with muscle strength and quality. In particular, Korean YW showed lower muscle strength and quality, and the proportion of MHC isoforms was similar to that in the muscles of OW.
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Xu M, Chen X, Huang Z, Chen D, Yu B, Chen H, He J, Zheng P, Luo J, Yu J, Luo Y. MicroRNA-139-5p suppresses myosin heavy chain I and IIa expression via inhibition of the calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 500:930-936. [PMID: 29705696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.04.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that are widely involved in a variety of biological processes. Different skeletal muscle fiber type composition exhibits characteristic differences in functional properties and energy metabolism of skeletal muscle. However, the molecular mechanism by which miRNAs control the different type of muscle fiber formation is still not fully understood. In the present study, we characterized the role of microRNA-139-5p (miR-139-5p) in the regulation of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform expression and its underlying mechanisms. Here we found that the expression of miR-139-5p was significantly higher in mouse slow-twitch muscle than in fast-twitch muscle. Overexpression of miR-139-5p downregulated the expression of MyHC I and MyHC IIa, whereas inhibition of miR-139-5p upregulated them. We also found that the levels of calcineurin (CaN), NFATc1, MEF2C and MCIP1.4, which are the components of CaN/NFAT signaling pathway that has shown to positively regulate slow fiber-selective gene expression, were notably inhibited by miR-139-5p overexpression. Furthermore, treatment of phenylephrine (PE), a α1-adrenoceptor agonist, abolished the inhibitory effect of miR-139-5p on MyHC I and MyHC IIa expression. Together, our findings indicated that the role of miR-139-5p in regulating the MyHC isoforms, especially MyHC I and MyHC IIa, may be achieved through inhibiting CaN/NFAT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625014, PR China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
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Potau JM, Artells R, Muñoz C, Arias-Martorell J, Pastor JF, de Paz FJ, Barbosa M, Bello-Hellegouarch G, Pérez-Pérez A. Quantification of Myosin Heavy Chain Isoform mRNA Transcripts in the Supraspinatus Muscle of Vertical Clinger Primates. Folia Primatol (Basel) 2018; 88:497-506. [PMID: 29324450 DOI: 10.1159/000485246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Vertical clinging is a specialized form of locomotion characteristic of the primate family Callitrichidae. Vertical clinging requires these pronograde primates to maintain a vertical posture, so the protraction of their forelimbs must resist gravity. Since pronograde primates usually move as horizontal quadrupeds, we hypothesized that the supraspinatus muscle of vertical clingers would present specific characteristics related to the functional requirements imposed on the shoulder area by vertical clinging. To test this hypothesis, we quantified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction the mRNA transcripts of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms in the supraspinatus muscle of 15 species of pronograde primates, including vertical clingers. Our results indicate that the supraspinatus of vertical clingers has a specific expression pattern of the MHC isoforms, with a low expression of the transcripts of the slow MHC-I isoform and a high expression of the transcripts of the fast MHC-II isoforms. We conclude that these differences can be related to the particular functional characteristics of the shoulder in vertical clingers, but also to other anatomical adaptations of these primates, such as their small body size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Maria Potau
- Unit of Human Anatomy and Embryology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Phungphong S, Kijtawornrat A, Chaiduang S, Saengsirisuwan V, Bupha-Intr T. 20-Hydroxyecdysone attenuates cardiac remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Steroids 2017; 126:79-84. [PMID: 28803209 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ecdysteroids, a group of steroid hormones found in insects and many plants, have been shown to prevent various changes in mammalian tissues after female sex hormone deprivation. PURPOSE To examine whether an ecdysteroid, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-HE), exhibits regulatory or protective roles in the cardiovascular system. STUDY DESIGN/METHOD Blood pressure and cardiac function were evaluated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) during and after daily treatment with 20-HE for six weeks. RESULTS The progressive increase in systolic blood pressure with age in SHR rats was significantly lower in animals treated with either 5 or 10mg/kg body weight of 20-HE. However, treatment with 20-HE did not diminish the increase in diastolic pressure. Echocardiography after six weeks of treatment demonstrated that the left ventricular chamber of SHR rats treated with 20-HE was smaller than that of SHR controls, while contractility was not affected by 20-HE. Histological images also demonstrated a decrease in cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area in 20-HE treated groups. Interestingly, treatment with 20-HE caused a shift in cardiac myosin heavy chain towards more β-isoforms. SHR rats treated with 20-HE also exhibited a decrease in seminal vesicular weight and an increase in testicular weight, especially at a dose of 10mg/kg body weight. This finding suggests a possible anti-androgenic effect of 20-HE. CONCLUSION Our finding reveal that 20-HE has a beneficial effect on reducing blood pressure and consequently preventing dilated cardiac hypertrophy in SHR rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Phungphong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Anusak Kijtawornrat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sirinut Chaiduang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Vitoon Saengsirisuwan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Tepmanas Bupha-Intr
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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Kim GD, Yang HS, Jeong JY. Comparison of myosin heavy chain content determined by label-free quantification between porcine longissimus thoracis, psoas major and semimembranosus muscles. Food Res Int 2017; 100:504-513. [PMID: 28873714 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to quantify MHCs in porcine longissimus thoracis (LT), psoas major (PM) and semimembranosus (SM) muscles through the label-free quantification (LFQ). To estimate the accuracy of LFQ, quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western-blotting (WB) were performed. MHCs 2x, 2a, 2b and slow were identified by LC-MS/MS analysis and 279 ion spectra were selected for LFQ analysis. The content of MHC 2b was higher in LT and in SM than in PM (p<0.05), while the content of MHC slow was highest in PM among the muscles (p<0.01) regardless of LFQ types. Positive correlation coefficients of MHC 2b and MHC slow between LFQ and IHC (relative area composition) and qRT-PCR results partially supported the LFQ results. Though low-abundant peptides should be considered to estimate MHC contents via the spectral count method, LFQ enables the determination of MHC contents at protein level regardless of LFQ types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gap-Don Kim
- Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; Meat Science Lab, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1503 S Maryland Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Han-Sul Yang
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Yeon Jeong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 plus), Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinjudaero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea.
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44
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López JE, Sharma J, Avila J, Wood TS, VanDyke JE, McLaughlin B, Abbey CK, Wong A, Myagmar BE, Swigart PM, Simpson PC, Chiamvimonvat N. Novel large-particle FACS purification of adult ventricular myocytes reveals accumulation of myosin and actin disproportionate to cell size and proteome in normal post-weaning development. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 111:114-22. [PMID: 28780067 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Quantifying cellular proteins in ventricular myocytes (MCs) is challenging due to tissue heterogeneity and the variety of cell sizes in the heart. In post-weaning cardiac ontogeny, rod-shaped MCs make up the majority of the cardiac mass while remaining a minority of cardiac cells in number. Current biochemical analyses of cardiac proteins do not correlate well the content of MC-specific proteins to cell type or size in normally developing tissue. OBJECTIVE To develop a new large-particle fluorescent-activated cell sorting (LP-FACS) strategy for the purification of adult rod-shaped MCs. This approach is developed to enable growth-scaled measurements per-cell of the MC proteome and sarcomeric proteins (i.e. myosin heavy chain (MyHC) and alpha-actin (α-actin)) content. METHODS AND RESULTS Individual cardiac cells were isolated from 21 to 94days old mice. An LP-FACS jet-in-air system with a 200-μm nozzle was defined for the first time to purify adult MCs. Cell-type specific immunophenotyping and sorting yielded ≥95% purity of adult MCs independently of cell morphology and size. This approach excluded other cell types and tissue contaminants from further analysis. MC proteome, MyHC and α-actin proteins were measured in linear biochemical assays normalized to cell numbers. Using the allometric coefficient α, we scaled the MC-specific rate of protein accumulation to growth post-weaning. MC-specific volumes (α=1.02) and global protein accumulation (α=0.94) were proportional (i.e. isometric) to body mass. In contrast, MyHC and α-actin accumulated at a much greater rate (i.e. hyperallometric) than body mass (α=1.79 and 2.19 respectively) and MC volumes (α=1.76 and 1.45 respectively). CONCLUSION Changes in MC proteome and cell volumes measured in LP-FACS purified MCs are proportional to body mass post-weaning. Oppositely, MyHC and α-actin are concentrated more rapidly than what would be expected from MC proteome accumulation, cell enlargement, or animal growth alone. LP-FACS provides a new standard for adult MC purification and an approach to scale the biochemical content of specific proteins or group of proteins per cell in enlarging MCs.
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Tsabari R, Daum H, Kerem E, Fellig Y, Dor T. Congenital myopathy due to myosin heavy chain 2 mutation presenting as chronic aspiration pneumonia in infancy. Neuromuscul Disord 2017; 27:947-950. [PMID: 28729039 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A 7-week-old infant presented with persistent noisy breathing and aspirations during swallowing. Neurological examination and brain MRI were normal. His 12-year-old brother underwent pneumonectomy at the age of 10 years due to recurrent aspirations leading to severe lung damage. The older brother developed subsequently ophthalmoplegia and nystagmus along with mild weakness of the neck flexors and proximal muscles. Exome analysis revealed homozygosity for a novel truncating mutation p.G800fs27* in the Myosin Heavy Chain 2 (MYH2) gene in both brothers, while parents and an unaffected sibling were heterozygous. A muscle biopsy from the older brother showed absence of type-2 muscle fibers and predominance of type-1 fibers. The aspirations causing pneumonia likely result from weakness of the laryngeal muscles, normally rich in type-2 fibers. The findings expand the phenotypic spectrum of MYH2 deficiency. MYH2 mutations should be included in the differential diagnosis of infants presenting with recurrent aspirations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tsabari
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem, Israel
| | - H Daum
- Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem, Israel
| | - E Kerem
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Y Fellig
- Department of Pathology, Hadassah-Hebrew-University-Medical-Center Jerusalem, Israel
| | - T Dor
- Neuropediatric Unit, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem, Israel.
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46
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Thometz NM, Dearolf JL, Dunkin RC, Noren DP, Holt MM, Sims OC, Cathey BC, Williams TM. Comparative physiology of vocal musculature in two odontocetes, the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and the harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena). J Comp Physiol B 2017; 188:177-193. [PMID: 28569355 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-017-1106-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism by which odontocetes produce sound is unique among mammals. To gain insight into the physiological properties that support sound production in toothed whales, we examined myoglobin content ([Mb]), non-bicarbonate buffering capacity (β), fiber-type profiles, and myosin heavy chain expression of vocal musculature in two odontocetes: the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus; n = 4) and the harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena; n = 5). Both species use the same anatomical structures to produce sound, but differ markedly in their vocal repertoires. Tursiops produce both broadband clicks and tonal whistles, while Phocoena only produce higher frequency clicks. Specific muscles examined in this study included: (1) the nasal musculature around the phonic lips on the right (RNM) and left (LNM) sides of the head, (2) the palatopharyngeal sphincter (PPS), which surrounds the larynx and aids in pressurizing cranial air spaces, and (3) the genioglossus complex (GGC), a group of muscles positioned ventrally within the head. Overall, vocal muscles had significantly lower [Mb] and β than locomotor muscles from the same species. The PPS was predominately composed of small diameter slow-twitch fibers. Fiber-type and myosin heavy chain analyses revealed that the GGC was comprised largely of fast-twitch fibers (Tursiops: 88.6%, Phocoena: 79.7%) and had the highest β of all vocal muscles. Notably, there was a significant difference in [Mb] between the RNM and LNM in Tursiops, but not Phocoena. Our results reveal shared physiological characteristics of individual vocal muscles across species that enhance our understanding of key functional roles, as well as species-specific differences which appear to reflect differences in vocal capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Thometz
- Department of Biology, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton St, San Francisco, CA, 94117, USA. .,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California at Santa Cruz, 115 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA.
| | - Jennifer L Dearolf
- Biology Department, Hendrix College, 1600 Washington Ave., Conway, AR, 72032, USA
| | - Robin C Dunkin
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California at Santa Cruz, 115 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
| | - Dawn P Noren
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA, 98112, USA
| | - Marla M Holt
- Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA, 98112, USA
| | - Olivia C Sims
- Biology Department, Hendrix College, 1600 Washington Ave., Conway, AR, 72032, USA
| | - Brandon C Cathey
- Biology Department, Hendrix College, 1600 Washington Ave., Conway, AR, 72032, USA
| | - Terrie M Williams
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Long Marine Laboratory, University of California at Santa Cruz, 115 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
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Elashry MI, Matsakas A, Wenisch S, Arnhold S, Patel K. The effect of caloric restriction on the forelimb skeletal muscle fibers of the hypertrophic myostatin null mice. Acta Histochem 2017. [PMID: 28622884 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle mass loss has a broad impact on body performance and physical activity. Muscle wasting occurs due to genetic mutation as in muscular dystrophy, age-related muscle loss (sarcopenia) as well as in chronic wasting disorders as in cancer cachexia. Food restriction reduces muscle mass underpinned by increased muscle protein break down. However the influence of dietary restriction on the morphometry and phenotype of forelimb muscles in a genetically modified myostatin null mice are not fully characterized. The effect of a five week dietary limitation on five anatomically and structurally different forelimb muscles was examined. C57/BL6 wild type (Mstn+/+) and myostatin null (Mstn-/-) mice were either given a standard rodent normal daily diet ad libitum (ND) or 60% food restriction (FR) for a 5 week period. M. triceps brachii Caput laterale (T.lateral), M. triceps brachii Caput longum (T.long), M. triceps brachii Caput mediale (T.medial), M. extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) and M. flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) were dissected, weighted and processed for immunohistochemistry. Muscle mass, fibers cross sectional areas (CSA) and myosin heavy chain types IIB, IIX, IIA and type I were analyzed. We provide evidence that caloric restriction results in muscle specific weight reduction with the fast myofibers being more prone to atrophy. We show that slow fibers are less liable to dietary restriction induced muscle atrophy. The effect of dietary restriction was more pronounced in Mstn-/- muscles to implicate the oxidative fibers compared to Mstn+/+. Furthermore, peripherally located myofibers are more susceptible to dietary induced reduction compared to deep fibers. We additionally report that dietary restriction alters the glycolytic phenotype of the Mstn-/- into the oxidative form in a muscle dependent manner. In summary our study shows that calorie restriction alters muscle fiber profile of forelimb muscles of Myostatin null mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed I Elashry
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mansoura, 35516, Egypt; Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392, Germany.
| | | | - Sabine Wenisch
- Clinic of Small Animals, c/o Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392, Germany
| | - Stefan Arnhold
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, 35392, Germany
| | - Ketan Patel
- School of Biological Sciences, Hopkins Building, Whiteknights, University of Reading, RG6 6UB, United Kingdom
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Suggs JA, Melkani GC, Glasheen BM, Detor MM, Melkani A, Marsan NP, Swank DM, Bernstein SI. A Drosophila model of dominant inclusion body myopathy type 3 shows diminished myosin kinetics that reduce muscle power and yield myofibrillar defects. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:761-771. [PMID: 28258125 PMCID: PMC5483004 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.028050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with inclusion body myopathy type 3 (IBM3) display congenital joint contractures with early-onset muscle weakness that becomes more severe in adulthood. The disease arises from an autosomal dominant point mutation causing an E706K substitution in myosin heavy chain type IIa. We have previously expressed the corresponding myosin mutation (E701K) in homozygous Drosophila indirect flight muscles and recapitulated the myofibrillar degeneration and inclusion bodies observed in the human disease. We have also found that purified E701K myosin has dramatically reduced actin-sliding velocity and ATPase levels. Since IBM3 is a dominant condition, we now examine the disease state in heterozygote Drosophila in order to gain a mechanistic understanding of E701K pathogenicity. Myosin ATPase activities in heterozygotes suggest that approximately equimolar levels of myosin accumulate from each allele. In vitro actin sliding velocity rates for myosin isolated from the heterozygotes were lower than the control, but higher than for the pure mutant isoform. Although sarcomeric ultrastructure was nearly wild type in young adults, mechanical analysis of skinned indirect flight muscle fibers revealed a 59% decrease in maximum oscillatory power generation and an approximately 20% reduction in the frequency at which maximum power was produced. Rate constant analyses suggest a decrease in the rate of myosin attachment to actin, with myosin spending decreased time in the strongly bound state. These mechanical alterations result in a one-third decrease in wing beat frequency and marginal flight ability. With aging, muscle ultrastructure and function progressively declined. Aged myofibrils showed Z-line streaming, consistent with the human heterozygote phenotype. Based upon the mechanical studies, we hypothesize that the mutation decreases the probability of the power stroke occurring and/or alters the degree of movement of the myosin lever arm, resulting in decreased in vitro motility, reduced muscle power output and focal myofibrillar disorganization similar to that seen in individuals with IBM3. Summary: Reduced muscle power output and progressive myofibrillar defects in a Drosophila model of inclusion body myopathy 3 arise from the decreased rate of weak to strong actin-binding transition of myosin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Suggs
- Department of Biology and Molecular Biology Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4614, USA
| | - Girish C Melkani
- Department of Biology and Molecular Biology Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4614, USA
| | - Bernadette M Glasheen
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA
| | - Mia M Detor
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA
| | - Anju Melkani
- Department of Biology and Molecular Biology Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4614, USA
| | - Nathan P Marsan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA
| | - Douglas M Swank
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA
| | - Sanford I Bernstein
- Department of Biology and Molecular Biology Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-4614, USA
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Rader EP, Naimo MA, Ensey J, Baker BA. Agonist muscle adaptation accompanied by antagonist muscle atrophy in the hindlimb of mice following stretch-shortening contraction training. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2017; 18:60. [PMID: 28148306 PMCID: PMC5288976 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-017-1397-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The vast majority of dynamometer-based animal models for investigation of the response to chronic muscle contraction exposure has been limited to analysis of isometric, lengthening, or shortening contractions in isolation. An exception to this has been the utilization of a rat model to study stretch-shortening contractions (SSCs), a sequence of consecutive isometric, lengthening, and shortening contractions common during daily activity and resistance-type exercise. However, the availability of diverse genetic strains of rats is limited. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to develop a dynamometer-based SSC training protocol to induce increased muscle mass and performance in plantarflexor muscles of mice. Methods Young (3 months old) C57BL/6 mice were subjected to 1 month of plantarflexion SSC training. Hindlimb muscles were analyzed for muscle mass, quantitative morphology, myogenesis/myopathy relevant gene expression, and fiber type distribution. Results The main aim of the research was achieved when training induced a 2-fold increase in plantarflexion peak torque output and a 19% increase in muscle mass for the agonist plantaris (PLT) muscle. In establishing this model, several outcomes emerged which raised the value of the model past that of being a mere recapitulation of the rat model. An increase in the number of muscle fibers per transverse muscle section accounted for the PLT muscle mass gain while the antagonist tibialis anterior (TA) muscle atrophied by 30% with preferential atrophy of type IIb and IIx fibers. These alterations were accompanied by distinct gene expression profiles. Conclusions The findings confirm the development of a stretch-shortening contraction training model for the PLT muscle of mice and demonstrate that increased cross-sectional fiber number can occur following high-intensity SSC training. Furthermore, the TA muscle atrophy provides direct evidence for the concept of muscle imbalance in phasic non-weight bearing muscles, a concept largely characterized based on clinical observation of patients. The susceptibility to this imbalance is demonstrated to be selective for the type IIb and IIx muscle fiber types. Overall, the study highlights the importance of considering muscle fiber number modulation and the effect of training on surrounding muscles in exercise comprised of SSCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12891-017-1397-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik P Rader
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, MS L3014, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26505, USA.
| | - Marshall A Naimo
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, MS L3014, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26505, USA.,West Virginia University School of Medicine, Division of Exercise Physiology, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - James Ensey
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, MS L3014, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26505, USA
| | - Brent A Baker
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, MS L3014, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, West Virginia, 26505, USA
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50
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Peggion C, Massimino ML, Biancotto G, Angeletti R, Reggiani C, Sorgato MC, Bertoli A, Stella R. Absolute quantification of myosin heavy chain isoforms by selected reaction monitoring can underscore skeletal muscle changes in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:2143-2153. [PMID: 28078418 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-0160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle fibers contain different isoforms of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) that define distinctive contractile properties. In light of the muscle capacity to adapt MyHC expression to pathophysiological conditions, a rapid and quantitative assessment of MyHC isoforms in small muscle tissue quantities would represent a valuable diagnostic tool for (neuro)muscular diseases. As past protocols did not meet these requirements, in the present study we applied a targeted proteomic approach based on selected reaction monitoring that allowed the absolute quantification of slow and fast MyHC isoforms in different mouse skeletal muscles with high reproducibility. This mass-spectrometry-based method was validated also in a pathological specimen, by comparison of the MyHC expression profiles in different muscles from healthy mice and a genetic mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) expressing the SOD1(G93A) mutant. This analysis showed that terminally ill ALS mice have a fast-to-slow shift in the fiber type composition of the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles, as previously reported. These results will likely open the way to accurate and rapid diagnoses of human (neuro)muscular diseases by the proposed method. Graphical Abstract Methods for myosin heavy chain (MyHC) quantification: a comparison of classical methods and selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based mass spectrometry approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Peggion
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, PD, Italy
| | - Maria Lina Massimino
- CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, PD, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Biancotto
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università, 10, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Roberto Angeletti
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università, 10, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Carlo Reggiani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, PD, Italy
| | - Maria Catia Sorgato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, PD, Italy.,CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, PD, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padua, PD, Italy.
| | - Roberto Stella
- Department of Chemistry, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università, 10, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy.
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