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Cologne J, Takahashi I, French B, Nanri A, Misumi M, Sadakane A, Cullings HM, Araki Y, Mizoue T. Association of Weight Fluctuation With Mortality in Japanese Adults. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e190731. [PMID: 30874785 PMCID: PMC6484619 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.0731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Weight cycling is associated with the risk of mortality from heart disease, but many studies have not distinguished between simple nonlinear (monotone) weight changes and more complex changes that reflect fluctuations. OBJECTIVE To assess whether extreme body weight variation is associated with mortality after controlling for nonlinear weight changes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this prospective clinical cohort study, 4796 Japanese atomic bomb survivors were examined in the clinic as part of a biennial health examination and research program. The study consisted of a 20-year longitudinal baseline period (July 1, 1958, to June 30, 1978) and subsequent mortality follow-up of 27 years (July 1, 1978, to June 30, 2005) Participants were initially between the ages of 20 and 49 years during the baseline period and, throughout the baseline period, had no diagnoses of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cancer and attended at least 7 of 10 scheduled examinations. Data analysis was performed from October 16, 2015, to May 13, 2016. EXPOSURES Residual variability in body mass index (BMI) during the baseline period. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Outcomes were mortality from ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, other CVDs combined, other causes (except cancer), and cancer. Root mean squared error was calculated to capture individual residual variation in BMI after adjustment for baseline BMI trends, and the association of magnitude of residual variation with mortality was calculated as relative risk. RESULTS In total, 4796 persons (mean [SD] age, 35.0 [7.3] years at first baseline examination; 3252 [67.8%] female; mean [SD] BMI, 21.2 [2.8] at first baseline visit [20.6 (2.4) among men and 21.5 (2.9) among women]) participated in the study. During follow-up, 1550 participants died: 82 (5.3% of all deaths) of ischemic heart disease, 181 (11.7%) of cerebrovascular disease, 186 (12.0%) of other CVDs, 615 (39.7%) of cancer, and 486 (31.3%) of other causes. Magnitude of residual variation in weight was associated with all-cause mortality (relative risk, 1.25 for 1 U of additional variation; 95% CI, 1.06-1.47) and ischemic heart disease mortality (relative risk, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.41-4.38). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings suggest that an association exists between weight variation and heart disease mortality and that weight loss interventions, if deemed to be necessary, should be considered carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Cologne
- Department of Statistics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ikuno Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Studies, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Benjamin French
- Department of Statistics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akiko Nanri
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, International College of Arts and Sciences, Fukuoka Women's University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Center for Clinical Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Munechika Misumi
- Department of Statistics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Atsuko Sadakane
- Department of Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Harry M. Cullings
- Department of Statistics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuko Araki
- Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Department of Informatics, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizoue
- Center for Clinical Sciences, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Assessment of the validity of multiple obesity indices compared with obesity-related co-morbidities. Public Health Nutr 2019; 22:1241-1249. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019000090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to compare selected obesity indicators with comprehensive health status.DesignThe study employed a pooled cross-sectional design.SettingBMI, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body fat percentage were considered as indirect obesity indicators. The Edmonton Obesity Staging System (EOSS) was used as a composite indicator to comprehensively reflect obesity-related co-morbidities. Cohen’s κ coefficient was used to evaluate inter-measurement agreement for obesity. Conformity of indirect obesity indicators to the EOSS was assessed based on percentage agreement (proportion classified as obese and severely unhealthy as a result of obesity among the total sample), sensitivity (proportion classified as obese among individuals severely unhealthy as a result of obesity) and specificity (proportion classified as non-obese among fairly healthy individuals). Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the sociodemographic factors most strongly associated with conformity.ParticipantsThe study included 17338 adults from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination survey conducted between July 2008 and May 2011.ResultsLevel of conformity to the EOSS was highest for WHtR (60·77 %) and lowest for BMI (35·96 %). WHtR and BMI had the highest sensitivity (53·7 %) and specificity (98·4 %), respectively. Predictability of conformity was lower among men for all indirect obesity indicators.ConclusionsWHtR has the greatest potential to identify individuals at risk of health problems due to obesity. Individual demographic factors must be considered in selecting the most appropriate obesity measurement.
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103
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Feng T, Vegard M, Strand LB, Laugsand LE, Mørkedal B, Aune D, Vatten L, Ellekjaer H, Loennechen JP, Mukamal K, Janszky I. Metabolically Healthy Obesity and Risk for Atrial Fibrillation: The HUNT Study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:332-338. [PMID: 30605242 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia and has been described as a global epidemic. Although AF is associated with both obesity and its metabolic consequences, little is known about the association between metabolically healthy obesity and AF. METHODS In a population-based study, 47,870 adults were followed for incident AF from 2006 to 2008 until 2015. Participants were classified according to BMI and metabolic status (using waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose) at baseline. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 8.1 years, 1,758 participants developed AF. Compared with metabolically healthy individuals with BMI < 25 kg/m2 , the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity were 1.6 (95% CI: 1.2 to 2.1) and 1.6 (95% CI: 1.3 to 1.9), respectively. AF risk increased according to the severity of obesity. CONCLUSIONS Metabolically healthy and unhealthy obesity increased AF risk to a similar extent. Severity of obesity was positively associated with AF risk regardless of metabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Feng
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Malmo Vegard
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Linn B Strand
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lars E Laugsand
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bjørn Mørkedal
- Department of Cardiology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Vatten
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hanne Ellekjaer
- Stroke Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan P Loennechen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kenneth Mukamal
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Imre Janszky
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Regional Center for Health Care Improvement, St Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Karnik AA, Benjamin EJ, Trinquart L. Breast cancer and atrial fibrillation-A malignant combination? Heart Rhythm 2019; 16:349-350. [PMID: 30709773 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankur A Karnik
- Evans Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Emelia J Benjamin
- Evans Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts
| | - Ludovic Trinquart
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Maeda M, Oba K, Yamaguchi S, Arasaki O, Sata M, Masuzaki H, Shimabukuro M. Usefulness of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Volume to Predict Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation After Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation. Am J Cardiol 2018; 122:1694-1700. [PMID: 30244845 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Although increasing evidence suggests that epicardial adipose tissue volume (EATV) is associated with post-ablation atrial fibrillation (AF), ranges of EATV predictive of post-ablation recurrence of AF remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated: (1) relationships between EATV and characteristics of AF, (2) impact of EATV on recurrent AF after radiofrequency ablation; , and (3) cut-off point for recurrent AF using a receiver operating characteristic curve. In 218 consecutive symptomatic patients undergoing who underwent ablation for AF (143 paroxysmal AF; 78 persistent AF), the EATV index (EATVI: EATV/body surface area, mL/m2) was measured using 320-row multidetector computed tomography. The high EATV group showed specific cardiometabolic derangements as well as left atrial dilatation and left ventricular dysfunction. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the EATVI was an independent predictor of recurrent AF after catheter ablation. High EATV (EATVI ≥ 85 mL/m2) or EATVI cutoff ≥116 mL/m2 can predict recurrent AF after catheter ablation, independent of other risk factors. In conclusion, EATVI was an independent predictor of recurrent AF after catheter ablation; a high EATV tertile or EATVI cutoff may be useful for prediction of recurrent AF after catheter ablation. Future studies should determine the utility of the EATVI in the clinical setting of AF ablation.
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106
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Aune D, Schlesinger S, Neuenschwander M, Feng T, Janszky I, Norat T, Riboli E. Diabetes mellitus, blood glucose and the risk of heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:1081-1091. [PMID: 30318112 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The strength of the association between diabetes and risk of heart failure has differed between previous studies and the available studies have not been summarized in a meta-analysis. We therefore quantified the association between diabetes and blood glucose and heart failure in a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS AND RESULTS PubMed and Embase databases were searched up to May 3rd 2018. Prospective studies on diabetes mellitus or blood glucose and heart failure risk were included. A random effects model was used to calculate summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Seventy seven studies were included. Among the population-based prospective studies, the summary RR for individuals with diabetes vs. no diabetes was 2.06 (95% CIs: 1.73-2.46, I2 = 99.8%, n = 30 studies, 401495 cases, 21416780 participants). The summary RR was 1.23 (95% CI: 1.15-1.32, I2 = 78.2%, n = 10, 5344 cases, 91758 participants) per 20 mg/dl increase in blood glucose and there was evidence of a J-shaped association with nadir around 90 mg/dl and increased risk even within the pre-diabetic blood glucose range. Among the patient-based studies the summary RR was 1.69 (95% CI: 1.57-1.81, I2 = 85.5%, pheterogeneity<0.0001) for diabetes vs. no diabetes (n = 41, 100284 cases and >613925 participants) and 1.25 (95% CI: 0.89-1.75, I2 = 95.6%, pheterogeneity<0.0001) per 20 mg/dl increase in blood glucose (1016 cases, 34309 participants, n = 2). In the analyses of diabetes and heart failure there was low or no heterogeneity among the population-based studies that adjusted for alcohol intake and physical activity and among the patient-based studies there was no heterogeneity among studies with ≥10 years follow-up. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that individuals with diabetes are at an increased risk of developing heart failure and there is evidence of increased risk even within the pre-diabetic range of blood glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Nutrition, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway; Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - S Schlesinger
- Institute for Biometry and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Neuenschwander
- Institute for Biometry and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - T Feng
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - I Janszky
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Regional Center for Health Care Improvement, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - T Norat
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Aune D, Schlesinger S, Norat T, Riboli E. Body mass index, abdominal fatness, and the risk of sudden cardiac death: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Eur J Epidemiol 2018; 33:711-722. [PMID: 29417316 PMCID: PMC6061127 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-017-0353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although overweight and obesity are established risk factors for some types of heart disease including ischemic heart disease, heart failure and atrial fibrillation, less is known about the association between adiposity and sudden cardiac death. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies to clarify the association between adiposity and risk of sudden cardiac death. PubMed and Embase databases were searched up to July 20th 2017. Summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random effects models. The summary RR was 1.16 (95% CI 1.05-1.28, I2 = 68%, n = 14) per 5 unit increment in BMI, and 1.82 (95% CI 1.61-2.07, I2 = 0%, n = 3) per 0.1 unit increase in waist-to-hip ratio, and 1.03 (95% CI 0.93-1.15, I2 = 0%, n = 2) per 10 cm increase in waist circumference. The heterogeneity in the analysis of BMI and sudden cardiac death persisted across most subgroup analyses. The association was stronger among studies with longer follow-up compared to short follow-up and was observed in the European and American studies, but not in the Asian studies. There was a J-shaped association between BMI and sudden cardiac death and the lowest risk was observed in the normal weight range, however, the increased risk with a low BMI was attenuated among studies with a longer duration of follow-up. This meta-analysis suggest an increased risk of sudden cardiac death with increasing BMI and waist-to-hip ratio, however, further studies with stratification for smoking status are needed of waist circumference, weight changes and adiposity at younger ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK.
- Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Sabrina Schlesinger
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Teresa Norat
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, Paddington, London, W2 1PG, UK
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108
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Garnvik LE, Malmo V, Janszky I, Wisløff U, Loennechen JP, Nes BM. Physical activity modifies the risk of atrial fibrillation in obese individuals: The HUNT3 study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2018; 25:1646-1652. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487318784365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Atrial fibrillation is the most common heart rhythm disorder, and high body mass index is a well-established risk factor for atrial fibrillation. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of physical activity and body mass index and risk of atrial fibrillation, and the modifying role of physical activity on the association between body mass index and atrial fibrillation. Design The design was a prospective cohort study. Methods This study followed 43,602 men and women from the HUNT3 study in 2006–2008 until first atrial fibrillation diagnosis or end of follow-up in 2015. Atrial fibrillation diagnoses were collected from hospital registers and validated by medical doctors. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to assess the association between physical activity, body mass index and atrial fibrillation. Results During a mean follow-up of 8.1 years (352,770 person-years), 1459 cases of atrial fibrillation were detected (4.1 events per 1000 person-years). Increasing levels of physical activity were associated with gradually lower risk of atrial fibrillation ( p trend 0.069). Overweight and obesity were associated with an 18% (hazard ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.35) and 59% (hazard ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 1.37–1.84) increased risk of atrial fibrillation, respectively. High levels of physical activity attenuated some of the higher atrial fibrillation risk in obese individuals (hazard ratio 1.53, 95% confidence interval 1.03–2.28 in active and 1.96, 95% confidence interval 1.44–2.67 in inactive) compared to normal weight active individuals. Conclusion Overweight and obesity were associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation. Physical activity offsets some, but not all, atrial fibrillation risk associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars E Garnvik
- The K.G. Jebsen Center for Exercise in Medicine at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | - Vegard Malmo
- The K.G. Jebsen Center for Exercise in Medicine at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St Olav’s Hospital, Norway
| | - Imre Janszky
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | - Ulrik Wisløff
- The K.G. Jebsen Center for Exercise in Medicine at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Jan P Loennechen
- The K.G. Jebsen Center for Exercise in Medicine at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St Olav’s Hospital, Norway
| | - Bjarne M Nes
- The K.G. Jebsen Center for Exercise in Medicine at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St Olav’s Hospital, Norway
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Mashaqi S, Steffen K, Crosby R, Garcia L. The Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Sleep Disordered Breathing Parameters From Overnight Polysomnography and Home Sleep Apnea Test. Cureus 2018; 10:e2593. [PMID: 30009105 PMCID: PMC6037336 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.2593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder, especially in patients with obesity. Bariatric surgery is an effective tool to reduce weight and treat co-morbid diseases in patients with morbid obesity. One of these disorders is OSA. The most common bariatric procedures currently performed are Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Objectives Our study demonstrates that bariatric surgery is a very effective tool to reduce the severity of OSA, if not resolve it. Methods The medical charts of nine patients who had OSA and underwent bariatric surgery (LSG or RYGB) were reviewed and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was compared before and after surgery. The study was conducted at the Sanford sleep center which is affiliated with the University of North Dakota School of Medicine. Results One patient was excluded from the statistical analysis since he was the only male patient, the remaining nine female patients had a significant reduction in AHI after surgery. The mean AHI before surgery was 40 events per hour and seven events per hour after surgery (P 0.004). The mean follow-up with sleep study after surgery was 16 months. The mean reduction in AHI was 80%. There was also an improvement in oxygen saturation (SpO2) before and after surgery (90% and 94% respectively, P 0.008). Conclusion The study confirms the significant reduction in AHI after bariatric surgery in female patients with OSA especially short term (one to two years postoperatively).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristine Steffen
- School of Pharmacy/pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University
| | - Ross Crosby
- University of North Dakota, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute
| | - Luis Garcia
- Bariatric Surgery, University of north dakota
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Aune D, Feng T, Schlesinger S, Janszky I, Norat T, Riboli E. Diabetes mellitus, blood glucose and the risk of atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. J Diabetes Complications 2018; 32:501-511. [PMID: 29653902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes and elevated blood glucose have been associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation in a number of epidemiological studies, however, the findings have not been entirely consistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the association. MATERIAL AND METHODS We searched the PubMed and Embase databases for studies of diabetes and blood glucose and atrial fibrillation up to July 18th 2017. Cohort studies were included if they reported relative risk (RR) estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of atrial fibrillation associated with a diabetes diagnosis, prediabetes or blood glucose. Summary RRs were estimated using a random effects model. RESULTS Thirty four studies were included in the meta-analysis of diabetes, pre-diabetes or blood glucose and atrial fibrillation. Thirty two cohort studies (464,229 cases, >10,244,043 participants) were included in the analysis of diabetes mellitus and atrial fibrillation. The summary RR for patients with diabetes mellitus versus patients without diabetes was 1.30 (95% CIs: 1.03-1.66), however, there was extreme heterogeneity, I2 = 99.9%) and evidence of publication bias with Begg's test, p < 0.0001. After excluding a very large and outlying study the summary RR was 1.28 (95% CI: 1.22-1.35, I2 = 90%, n = 31, 249,772 cases, 10,244,043 participants). The heterogeneity was mainly due to differences in the size of the association between studies and the results persisted in a number of subgroup and sensitivity analyses. The summary RR was 1.20 (95% CI: 1.03-1.39, I2 = 30%, n = 4, 2392 cases, 58,547 participants) for the association between prediabetes and atrial fibrillation. The summary RR was 1.11 (95% CI: 1.04-1.18, I2 = 61%, n = 4) per 20 mg/dl increase of blood glucose in relation to atrial fibrillation (3385 cases, 247,447 participants) and there was no evidence of nonlinearity, pnonlinearity = 0.34. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggest that prediabetes and diabetes increase the risk of atrial fibrillation by 20% and 28%, respectively, and there is a dose-response relationship between increasing blood glucose and atrial fibrillation. Any further studies should clarify whether the association between diabetes and blood glucose and atrial fibrillation is independent of adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway; Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Tingting Feng
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sabrina Schlesinger
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Imre Janszky
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Regional center for health care improvement, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Norway
| | - Teresa Norat
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Ball J, Løchen ML, Wilsgaard T, Schirmer H, Hopstock LA, Morseth B, Mathiesen EB, Njølstad I, Tiwari S, Sharashova E. Sex Differences in the Impact of Body Mass Index on the Risk of Future Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the Longitudinal Population-Based Tromsø Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:JAHA.117.008414. [PMID: 29674336 PMCID: PMC6015294 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.008414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) prevalence is increasing, and body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for AF. However, sex differences in the impact of BMI on AF risk have not been fully elucidated. Methods and Results Data from the fourth survey (1994–1995) of the Tromsø Study (Norway) were used to investigate the association of single‐measurement BMI on future AF risk. To analyze the influence of BMI changes on AF risk, data from individuals who attended the third and fourth study surveys were used. AF diagnosis was derived from record linkage and end point adjudication. Cox regression analysis was conducted using fractional polynomials of BMI and BMI change with models adjusted for age, baseline BMI (change analyses), risk factors, comorbidities, and antihypertensive medications. Data were available for 24 799 individuals from the fourth survey (mean age, 45.5±14.2 years; 52.9% women). Over 15.7±5.5 years, 811 women (6.2%) and 918 men (7.9%) developed AF. In men, lower BMI decreased AF risk and higher BMI increased risk (hazard ratios [95% confidence intervals] for BMI 18 or 40 kg/m2 compared with 23 kg/m2 were 0.75 [0.70–0.81] and 4.42 [3.00–6.53], respectively). The same pattern was identified in women. Two surveys were attended by 14 652 individuals. In men and women, a decrease in BMI over time was associated with decreased AF risk and an increase in BMI was associated with increased AF risk. Conclusions Within a population cohort, BMI was positively associated with AF risk. Change in BMI over time influenced AF risk in both men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocasta Ball
- Pre-Clinical Disease and Prevention, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia .,School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Maja-Lisa Løchen
- Pre-Clinical Disease and Prevention, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tom Wilsgaard
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Henrik Schirmer
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Laila A Hopstock
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bente Morseth
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,School of Sport Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ellisiv B Mathiesen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Inger Njølstad
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Sweta Tiwari
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ekaterina Sharashova
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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