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Liu WY, Li HY, Zhao BX, Miao JY. A new fluorescent and colorimetric probe for Cu2+ in live cells. Analyst 2012; 137:3466-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an35559k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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102
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Bogaard HJ, Mizuno S, Guignabert C, Al Hussaini AA, Farkas D, Ruiter G, Kraskauskas D, Fadel E, Allegood JC, Humbert M, Vonk Noordegraaf A, Spiegel S, Farkas L, Voelkel NF. Copper dependence of angioproliferation in pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats and humans. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2011; 46:582-91. [PMID: 22162909 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2011-0296oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Obliteration of the vascular lumen by endothelial cell growth is a hallmark of many forms of severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. Copper plays a significant role in the control of endothelial cell proliferation in cancer and wound-healing. We sought to determine whether angioproliferation in rats with experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell proliferation in humans depend on the proangiogenic action of copper. A copper-depleted diet prevented, and copper chelation with tetrathiomolybdate reversed, the development of severe experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension. The copper chelation-induced reopening of obliterated vessels was caused by caspase-independent apoptosis, reduced vessel wall cell proliferation, and a normalization of vessel wall structure. No evidence was found for a role of super oxide-1 inhibition or lysyl-oxidase-1 inhibition in the reversal of angioproliferation. Tetrathiomolybdate inhibited the proliferation of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells, isolated from explanted lungs from control subjects and patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. These data suggest that the inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation by a copper-restricting strategy could be explored as a new therapeutic approach in pulmonary arterial hypertension. It remains to be determined, however, whether potential toxicity to the right ventricle is offset by the beneficial pulmonary vascular effects of antiangiogenic treatment in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harm J Bogaard
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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La Mendola D, Farkas D, Bellia F, Magrì A, Travaglia A, Hansson Ö, Rizzarelli E. Probing the Copper(II) Binding Features of Angiogenin. Similarities and Differences between a N-Terminus Peptide Fragment and the Recombinant Human Protein. Inorg Chem 2011; 51:128-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ic201300e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego La Mendola
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR-Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania,
Italy
| | - Daniel Farkas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 462, SE-40530 Gothenburg,
Sweden
| | - Francesco Bellia
- Dipartimento di Scienze
Chimiche, Università di Catania,
Viale A. Doria 6, 95125
Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Magrì
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR-Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania,
Italy
| | - Alessio Travaglia
- Dipartimento di Scienze
Chimiche, Università di Catania,
Viale A. Doria 6, 95125
Catania, Italy
| | - Örjan Hansson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 462, SE-40530 Gothenburg,
Sweden
| | - Enrico Rizzarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze
Chimiche, Università di Catania,
Viale A. Doria 6, 95125
Catania, Italy
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Abstract
The determination of metal traces is very important because they are involved in biological cycles and indicate high toxicity. The objective of the present study is to measure the levels of heavy metals and mineral ions in medicinally important plant species, Citrus sinensis and Psidium guajava. This study investigates the accumulation of Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), Aluminum (Al), Mercury (Hg), Arsenic (As), Selenium (Se) and inorganic minerals like Calcium (Ca) and Magnesium (Mg) in C. sinensis (sweet orange) fruit peel and P. guajava (guava) leaf, to measure the levels of heavy metal contamination. Dried powdered samples of the plants were digested using wet digestion method and elemental determination was done by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and analysed by student's ‘t’ test. Values are considered significant at P < 0.05. The results were compared with suitable safety standards and the levels of Cu, Zn, Cd, Mg and Ca in C. sinensis fruit peel and P. guajava leaves were within the acceptable limits for human consumption. The order of concentration of elements in both the samples showed the following trend: Mg > Ca > Al > Zn > Cu > Cd > Hg = As = Se. The content of Hg, As and Se in C. sinensis fruit peel and P. guajava leaves was significantly low and below detection limit. The content of toxic metals in tested plant samples was found to be low when compared with the limits prescribed by various authorities (World Health Organization, WHO; International Centre for Materials Research, ICMR; American Public Health Association, APHA). The content of Hg, As and Se in C. sinensis fruit peel and P. guajava leaves was not detectable and met the appropriate safety standards. In conclusion, the tested plant parts taken in the present study were found to be safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Dhiman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M.D. University, Rohtak, Haryana-124 001, USA
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105
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Elemental fingerprinting of tumorous and adjacent non-tumorous tissues from patients with colorectal cancer using ICP-MS, ICP-OES and chemometric analysis. Biometals 2011; 22:863-75. [PMID: 19340589 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-009-9231-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/19/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumorous and adjacent non-tumorous paired biopsies from 38 patients with colorectal cancer were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry after low-volume microwave digestion. 18 elements were investigated: Ag, Al, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, S, Se and Zn. Different chemometric tools were used for data evaluation: Wilcoxon signed rank test, Hieratical clustering analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). With the exception of Al, tumours were observed to have significantly more elevated concentrations of essential elements as compared to non-tumours. On the contrary, elements considered potentially carcinogenic such as Cr, Ni, Mo or Co do not display significant differences. When PCA was applied, different components were obtained for tumorous and non-tumorous tissues. When LDA was applied for the elements studied (including essential and non-essential elements) about 90% of cases were correctly classified.
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106
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Lau KH, Christlieb M, Schröder M, Sheldon H, Harris AL, Grovenor CRM. Development of a new bimodal imaging methodology: a combination of fluorescence microscopy and high-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry. J Microsc 2011; 240:21-31. [PMID: 21050210 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2010.03380.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a new experimental methodology to combine mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) with fluorescence microscopy to provide subcellular information on the location of small molecules in cultured cells. We demonstrate this by comparing the distribution of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine in the same cells given by both NanoSIMS analysis and by fluorescence immunohistochemistry. Fiducial markers in the substrates ensured that the images formed by SIMS mapping of bromine ions could be co-registered exactly with images from fluorescence microscopy. The NanoSIMS was shown to faithfully reproduce the information from fluorescence microscopy, but at a much higher spatial resolution. We then show preliminary SIMS images on the distribution of ATN-224, a therapeutic copper chelator for which there is no fluorescent marker, co-registered with conventional Lysotracker and Hoechst stains on the same cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Lau
- Department of Materials Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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107
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Joimel U, Gest C, Soria J, Pritchard LL, Alexandre J, Laurent M, Blot E, Cazin L, Vannier JP, Varin R, Li H, Soria C. Stimulation of angiogenesis resulting from cooperation between macrophages and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells: proposed molecular mechanism and effect of tetrathiomolybdate. BMC Cancer 2010; 10:375. [PMID: 20637124 PMCID: PMC2918575 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-10-375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 07/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infiltration by macrophages (Mphi) indicates a poor prognosis in breast cancers, in particular by inducing angiogenesis. Our study aimed 1) to investigate the mechanism by which cooperation between Mphi and aggressive breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) induces angiogenesis; 2) to examine the effect of tetrathiomolybdate (TM) on this angiogenic activity. METHODS Mphi coincubated with MDA-MB-231 were used as a model to mimic the inflammatory microenvironment. Angiogenesis induced by the culture media was tested in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Mphi phenotype was evaluated by 1) expression of the M1 marker CD80, and secretion of interleukin 10 (IL-10), an M2 marker; 2) capacity to secrete Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNFalpha) when stimulated by lipopolysaccharide/interferon gamma (LPS/IFNgamma); 3) ability to induce MDA-MB-231 apoptosis. To explore the molecular mechanisms involved, cytokine profiles of conditioned media from MDA-MB-231, Mphi and the coculture were characterised by an antibody cytokine array. All experiments were carried out both in presence and in absence of TM. RESULTS Incubation of Mphi with MDA-MB-231 induced a pro-angiogenic effect in the CAM. It emerged that the angiogenic activity of the coculture is due to the capacity of Mphi to switch from M1 Mphi towards M2, probably due to an increase in Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor. This M1-M2 switch was shown by a decreased expression of CD80 upon LPS/IFNgamma stimulation, an increased secretion of IL-10, a decreased secretion of TNFalpha in response to LPS/IFNgamma and an inability to potentiate apoptosis. At the molecular level, the angiogenic activity of the coculture medium can be explained by the secretion of CXC chemokines/ELR+ and CC chemokines. Although TM did not modify either the M2 phenotype in the coculture or the profile of the secreted chemokines, it did decrease the angiogenic activity of the coculture medium, suggesting that TM inhibited angiogenic activity by interfering with the endothelial cell signalling induced by these chemokines. CONCLUSIONS Cooperation between Mphi and MDA-MB-231 transformed M1 Mphi to an angiogenic, M2 phenotype, attested by secretion of CXC chemokines/ELR+ and CC chemokines. TM inhibited this coculture-induced increase in angiogenic activity, without affecting either Mphi phenotype or cytokine secretion profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Joimel
- Laboratoire M,E,R,C,I - EA 3829, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Rouen, 76183 Rouen cedex, France.
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108
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D'Andrea LD, Romanelli A, Di Stasi R, Pedone C. Bioinorganic aspects of angiogenesis. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:7625-36. [PMID: 20535417 DOI: 10.1039/c002439b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a physiologic process characterized by the sprouting of a new blood vessel from a pre-existing one. In mammalians the angiogenesis process is dormant, except for few physiological conditions such as wound healing and ovulation. In healthy individuals angiogenesis is finely tuned by pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. The shift from this equilibrium, under pathological conditions (pathological angiogenesis) is associated with several human diseases of high social impact. An efficient angiogenesis also requires that angiogenic factors cooperate with microenvironment derived co-factors, including metals. In this Perspective we describe the bioinorganic aspects of angiogenesis which contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulation of angiogenesis. In particular, the role of metals, especially copper, metalloproteinases, and the current status on the imaging of angiogenesis targeting VEGF or VEGF receptors will be discussed.
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109
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Mendola DL, Magrì A, Vagliasindi LI, Hansson Ö, Bonomo RP, Rizzarelli E. Copper(ii) complex formation with a linear peptide encompassing the putative cell binding site of angiogenin. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:10678-84. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00732c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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110
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Geetha A, Saranya P, Annie Jeyachristy S, Surendran R, Sundaram A. Relevance of non-ceruloplasmin copper to oxidative stress in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Biol Trace Elem Res 2009; 130:229-40. [PMID: 19229483 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-009-8338-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2009] [Accepted: 02/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Altered copper homeostasis and oxidative stress have been observed in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Non-ceruloplasmin copper, the free form, is a potent pro-oxidant than the protein bound copper. The aim of the present study was to evaluate which form of copper can be correlated with the oxidative stress in the circulation and in the malignant liver tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Hepatocellular carcinoma patients (grades II and III, n = 18) were enrolled in this study. Serum levels of total, free and bound copper, ceruloplasmin, iron, iron-binding capacity, lipid peroxidation products, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were quantified in serum and in malignant liver tissues and compared with those of normal samples (n = 20). A significant positive correlation between the serum non-ceruloplasmin copper and lipid peroxidation products and negative correlation with antioxidants were observed in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. In liver tissue, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity were significantly decreased with concomitant elevation in oxidative stress markers. Our experiment revealed that the elevation in non-ceruloplasmin copper has high relevance with the oxidative stress than the bound copper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Geetha
- Department of Biochemistry, Bharathi Women's College, Chennai, 600 108, Tamil Nadu, India.
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111
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Cheng WH. Impact of inorganic nutrients on maintenance of genomic stability. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2009; 50:349-360. [PMID: 19326466 DOI: 10.1002/em.20489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of genome stability is of fundamental importance for counteracting carcinogenesis. Many human genome instability syndromes exhibit a predisposition to cancer. An increasing body of epidemiological evidence has suggested a link between nutrient status and risk of cancer. Like other chemicals, nutrients can be toxic when consumed in excess. It has become clear that both nutritional deficiency and toxicity can compromise the integrity of the genome. This article focuses on roles of inorganic trace nutrients, including selenium, copper, zinc, and iron, in the redox regulation of genome stability and how they relate to the pathologies of genomic instability syndromes and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hsing Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
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112
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Stein T, Salomonis N, Nuyten DSA, van de Vijver MJ, Gusterson BA. A mouse mammary gland involution mRNA signature identifies biological pathways potentially associated with breast cancer metastasis. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2009; 14:99-116. [PMID: 19408105 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-009-9120-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2009] [Accepted: 04/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse mammary gland involution resembles a wound healing response with suppressed inflammation. Wound healing and inflammation are also associated with tumour development, and a 'wound-healing' gene expression signature can predict metastasis formation and survival. Recent studies have shown that an involuting mammary gland stroma can promote metastasis. It could therefore be hypothesised that gene expression signatures from an involuting mouse mammary gland may provide new insights into the physiological pathways that promote breast cancer progression. Indeed, using the HOPACH clustering method, the human orthologues of genes that were differentially regulated at day 3 of mammary gland involution and showed prolonged expression throughout the first 4 days of involution distinguished breast cancers in the NKI 295 breast cancer dataset with low and high metastatic activity. Most strikingly, genes associated with copper ion homeostasis and with HIF-1 promoter binding sites were the most over-represented, linking this signature to hypoxia. Further, six out of the ten mRNAs with strongest up-regulation in cancers with poor survival code for secreted factors, identifying potential candidates that may be involved in stromal/matrix-enhanced metastasis formation/breast cancer development. This method therefore identified biological processes that occur during mammary gland involution, which may be critical in promoting breast cancer metastasis that could form a basis for future investigation, and supports a role for copper in breast cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Stein
- Division of Cancer Sciences and Molecular Pathology, Section of Gene Regulation and Mechanisms of Disease, Western Infirmary, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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113
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Mangala LS, Zuzel V, Schmandt R, Leshane ES, Halder JB, Armaiz-Pena GN, Spannuth WA, Tanaka T, Shahzad MMK, Lin YG, Nick AM, Danes CG, Lee JW, Jennings NB, Vivas-Mejia PE, Wolf JK, Coleman RL, Siddik ZH, Lopez-Berestein G, Lutsenko S, Sood AK. Therapeutic Targeting of ATP7B in Ovarian Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:3770-80. [PMID: 19470734 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-2306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Resistance to platinum chemotherapy remains a significant problem in ovarian carcinoma. Here, we examined the biological mechanisms and therapeutic potential of targeting a critical platinum resistance gene, ATP7B, using both in vitro and in vivo models. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Expression of ATP7A and ATP7B was examined in ovarian cancer cell lines by real-time reverse transcription-PCR and Western blot analysis. ATP7A and ATP7B gene silencing was achieved with targeted small interfering RNA (siRNA) and its effects on cell viability and DNA adduct formation were examined. For in vivo therapy experiments, siRNA was incorporated into the neutral nanoliposome 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DOPC). RESULTS ATP7A and ATP7B genes were expressed at higher levels in platinum-resistant cells compared with sensitive cells; however, only differences in ATP7B reached statistical significance. ATP7A gene silencing had no significant effect on the sensitivity of resistant cells to cisplatin, but ATP7B silencing resulted in 2.5-fold reduction of cisplatin IC(50) levels and increased DNA adduct formation in cisplatin-resistant cells (A2780-CP20 and RMG2). Cisplatin was found to bind to the NH(2)-terminal copper-binding domain of ATP7B, which might be a contributing factor to cisplatin resistance. For in vivo therapy experiments, ATP7B siRNA was incorporated into DOPC and was highly effective in reducing tumor growth in combination with cisplatin (70-88% reduction in both models compared with controls). This reduction in tumor growth was accompanied by reduced proliferation, increased tumor cell apoptosis, and reduced angiogenesis. CONCLUSION These data provide a new understanding of cisplatin resistance in cancer cells and may have implications for therapeutic reversal of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingegowda S Mangala
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology, Experimental Therapeutics, and Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, USA
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Gupte A, Mumper RJ. Elevated copper and oxidative stress in cancer cells as a target for cancer treatment. Cancer Treat Rev 2009; 35:32-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2008.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 631] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2008] [Revised: 07/22/2008] [Accepted: 07/22/2008] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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115
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Tye SL, Gilg AG, Tolliver LB, Wheeler WG, Toole BP, Maria BL. Hyaluronan regulates ceruloplasmin production by gliomas and their treatment-resistant multipotent progenitors. J Child Neurol 2008; 23:1221-30. [PMID: 18952589 PMCID: PMC3640370 DOI: 10.1177/0883073808321066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ceruloplasmin (glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked ferroxidase associated with normal astrocytes) can also be secreted by glioma cells, where its function is unknown. Ceruloplasmin is not only present in glioma cells and in human glioma specimens but also is enriched in highly malignant glioma stem-like cells. Hyaluronan is a large extracellular glycosaminoglycan that enhances malignant glioma behaviors by interacting with CD44 receptors and by downstream activation of signaling proteins and transporters associated with malignancy. We examined the relationship between hyaluronan and ceruloplasmin expression in glioma stem-like cells. Antagonism of hyaluronan interactions with short-fragment hyaluronan oligomers decreased ceruloplasmin expression in parental and stem-like glioma cells in vivo and in cell culture, implying that hyaluronan regulates ceruloplasmin expression. Further gain and loss-of-function studies are needed to fully define the relationship between hyaluronan and ceruloplasmin, and ceruloplasmin's effect on malignant behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L Tye
- Department of Pediatrics, Charles P Darby Children's Research Institute, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, South Carolina 29425, USA
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116
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Jeong DH, Kim HK, Prince AEB, Lee DS, Kim YN, Han J, Kim KT. Plasma proteomic analysis of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. J Gynecol Oncol 2008; 19:173-80. [PMID: 19471570 DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2008.19.3.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2008] [Revised: 06/26/2008] [Accepted: 06/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare plasma protein expression between patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix and normal controls. METHODS Plasma samples from patients with benign gynecological disease (normal cervix, n=6) and cervical cancer (SCC, n=6) were subjected to plasma proteomic analysis using two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectroscopy (MALDI-MS). Western blotting and immunoturbidimetric assay were performed to validate the results of 2-DE. RESULTS Eight proteins showed differential expression between controls and SCC patients; six (ceruloplasmin, complement C3, afamin precursor, alpha-1-B-glycoprotein, transferrin, alpha-fibrinogen precursor) were up-regulated, while two (chain A, crystal structure of antithrombin and apolipoprotein A-IV precursor) were down-regulated in the plasma of SCC patients. Western blotting analysis revealed significant elevation of ceruloplasmin, complement C3, afamin, and alpha-1-B-glycoprotein in the plasma of SCC patients in comparison to controls. Immunoturbidimetric assay of a larger group confirmed the results of 2-DE and Western blotting, and showed that ceruloplasmin and complement C3 were significantly elevated in the plasma of SCC patients in comparison with controls and patients with carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the uterine cervix. CONCLUSION Plasma protein expression determined using 2-DE and MALDI-MS will give a chance to identify tumor-specific biomarkers for SCC of the cervix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Hoon Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
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117
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Ghosh KS, Sahoo BK, Jana D, Dasgupta S. Studies on the interaction of copper complexes of (−)-epicatechin gallate and (−)-epigallocatechin gallate with calf thymus DNA. J Inorg Biochem 2008; 102:1711-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2008.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2008] [Revised: 04/21/2008] [Accepted: 04/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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118
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Chen D, Dou QP. New uses for old copper-binding drugs: converting the pro-angiogenic copper to a specific cancer cell death inducer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2008; 12:739-48. [PMID: 18479220 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.12.6.739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The conventional approach toward anticancer drug development is a time-consuming and expensive procedure. OBJECTIVE/METHODS One approach to expedite this process and achieve more affordable means is to discover new applications of existing drugs, since their pharmacokinetics and pharmacological profiles are well known. RESULTS Our encouraging findings in recent studies reveal anticancer activities of several copper-binding ligands including disulfiram (an antialcoholism drug), clioquinol (used to treat Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases) and diethyldithiocarbamate (an agent for HIV-1 infection treatment). CONCLUSION These in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that these archaic drugs can target and react with tumor cellular copper, forming complexes that act as potent proteasome inhibitors and apoptosis inducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Chen
- Wayne State University, The Prevention Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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119
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Finney L, Vogt S, Fukai T, Glesne D. Copper and angiogenesis: unravelling a relationship key to cancer progression. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2008; 36:88-94. [PMID: 18505439 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2008.04969.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
1. Angiogenesis, the formation of new capillaries from existing vasculature, is a critical process in normal physiology as well as several physiopathologies. A desire to curb the supportive role angiogenesis plays in the development and metastasis of cancers has driven exploration into anti-angiogenic strategies as cancer therapeutics. Key to this, angiogenesis additionally displays an exquisite sensitivity to bioavailable copper. Depletion of copper has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis in a wide variety of cancer cell and xenograft systems. Several clinical trials using copper chelation as either an adjuvant or primary therapy have been conducted. Yet, the biological basis for the sensitivity of angiogenesis remains unclear. Numerous molecules important to angiogenesis regulation have been shown to be either directly or indirectly influenced by copper, yet a clear probative answer to the connection remains elusive. 2. Measurements of copper in biological systems have historically relied on techniques that, although demonstrably powerful, provide little or no information as to the spatial distribution of metals in a cellular context. Therefore, several new approaches have been developed to image copper in a biological context. One such approach relies on synchrotron-derived X-rays from third-generation synchrotrons and the technique of high resolution X-ray fluorescence microprobe (XFM) analysis. 3. Recent applications of XFM approaches to the role of copper in regulating angiogenesis have provided unique insight into the connection between copper and cellular behaviour. Using XFM, copper has been shown to be highly spatially regulated, as it is translocated from perinuclear areas of the cell towards the tips of extending filopodia and across the cell membrane into the extracellular space during angiogenic processes. Such findings may explain the heightened sensitivity of this cellular process to this transition metal and set a new paradigm for the kinds of regulatory roles that the spatial dynamics of cellular transition metals may play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Finney
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA
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Di Serio C, Doria L, Pellerito S, Prudovsky I, Micucci I, Massi D, Landriscina M, Marchionni N, Masotti G, Tarantini F. The release of fibroblast growth factor-1 from melanoma cells requires copper ions and is mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt intracellular signaling pathway. Cancer Lett 2008; 267:67-74. [PMID: 18400376 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2007] [Revised: 03/01/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is a highly invasive tumor with elevated mortality rates. Progression and aggressiveness appear related to the achievement of an angiogenic phenotype. Melanoma cells express several angiogenic factors, including fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-1 and FGF-2. The autocrine production and release of FGFs and the subsequent activation of FGF receptors, have a central role in melanoma tumor progression. We demonstrated that FGF-1 is secreted from a human melanoma cell line, A375, under conditions of serum deprivation. The release of FGF-1 is inhibited by the copper chelator ammonium tetrathiomolybdate, suggesting a role of copper in the secretory pathway, and is triggered by activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt intracellular signaling. Interestingly, overexpression or activation of Akt has been correlated with poor prognosis in melanoma patients. Our data indicate a novel role for Akt in supporting the progression of human melanomas and advocate the need for new treatments targeting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, to control tumor development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Di Serio
- Department of Critical Care Medicine and Surgery, Geriatric Medicine Unit, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
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Song M, Song Z, Barve S, Zhang J, Chen T, Liu M, Arteel GE, Brewer GJ, McClain CJ. Tetrathiomolybdate protects against bile duct ligation-induced cholestatic liver injury and fibrosis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2008; 325:409-16. [PMID: 18299419 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.107.131227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetrathiomolybdate (TM), a potent copper-chelating drug, was initially developed for the treatment of Wilson's disease. Our working hypothesis is that the fibrotic pathway is copper-dependent. Because biliary excretion is the major pathway for copper elimination, a bile duct ligation (BDL) mouse model was used to test the potential protective effects of TM. TM was given in a daily dose of 0.9 mg/mouse by means of intragastric gavage 5 days before BDL. All the animals were killed 5 days after surgery. Plasma liver enzymes and total bilirubin were markedly decreased in TM-treated BDL mice. TM also inhibited the increase in plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 seen in BDL mice. Cholestatic liver injury was markedly attenuated by TM treatment as shown by histology. Hepatic collagen deposition was significantly decreased, and it was paralleled by a significant suppression of hepatic smooth muscle alpha-actin and fibrogenic gene expression in TM-treated BDL mice. Although the endogenous antioxidant ability was enhanced, oxidative stress as shown by malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxyalkenals, hepatic glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio, was not attenuated by TM treatment, suggesting the protective mechanism of TM may be independent of oxidative stress. In summary, TM attenuated BDL-induced cholestatic liver injury and fibrosis in mice, in part by inhibiting TNF-alpha and TGF-beta1 secretion. The protective mechanism seems to be independent of oxidative stress. Our data provide further evidence that TM might be a potential therapy for hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Song
- Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 550 S. Jackson St., Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Charlesworth PJS, Harris AL. Hypoxic Regulation of Angiogenesis by HIF-1. Angiogenesis 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-71518-6_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Rudd TR, Guimond SE, Skidmore MA, Duchesne L, Guerrini M, Torri G, Cosentino C, Brown A, Clarke DT, Turnbull JE, Fernig DG, Yates EA. Influence of substitution pattern and cation binding on conformation and activity in heparin derivatives. Glycobiology 2007; 17:983-93. [PMID: 17580314 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwm062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As model compounds for the biologically important heparan sulfate, eight systematically modified heparin derivatives were studied by synchrotron radiation circular dichroism (SRCD), which is sensitive to uronic acid conformation. Substitution pattern altered uronic acid conformation, even when structural changes were made in adjacent glucosamine residues (e.g. 6-O-desulfation) and did not involve a chromophore. SRCD spectra of these derivatives following conversion to the Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Mn2+, Cu2+ and Fe3+ cation forms revealed that almost all substitution/cation combinations resulted in unique spectra, showing that each was structurally distinct. The detailed effects that binding Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions had on a 2-de-O-sulfated derivative was also studied by NMR, revealing that subtle changes in conformation (by NOE) and flexibility (by T2 measurements) resulted. Conversion to the K+ and Cu2+ ion forms also drastically modified biological activity, from inactive to active, in a cell-based assay of fibroblast growth factor-receptor (FGF2/FGFR1c) signalling and this effect was not reproduced by free cations. These observations could explain the often-contradictory data concerning structure-activity relationships for these derivatives in the literature and, furthermore, argue strongly against the established trend of considering sequence as a complete structural definition. It also provides additional means of modifying the activity of these polysaccharides and suggests a possible additional level of control in biological systems. There are also obvious potential applications for these findings in the biotechnology sphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Rudd
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
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