101
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Targeted Transport as a Promising Method of Drug Delivery to the Central Nervous System (Review). Pharm Chem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-019-02088-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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102
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Hussein N, Omer H, Ismael A, Albed Alhnan M, Elhissi A, Ahmed W. Spray-dried alginate microparticles for potential intranasal delivery of ropinirole hydrochloride: development, characterization and histopathological evaluation. Pharm Dev Technol 2019; 25:290-299. [PMID: 30626225 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2019.1567762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ropinirole hydrochloride (RH) is an anti-Parkinson drug with relativity low oral bioavailability owing to its extensive hepatic first pass metabolism. Spray-dried mucoadhesive alginate microspheres of RH were developed and characterized followed by histopathological evaluation using nasal tissue isolated from sheep. Spherical microparticles having high product yield (around 70%) were obtained when the inlet temperature of spray drying was 140 °C. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) studies revealed the compatibility of the drug with the polymer, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that drug-loaded microparticles were spherical, and the apparent surface roughness was inversely related to the ratio of polymer to drug. Furthermore, size of the spray-dried particles were in the range of 2.5-4.37 µm, depending on formulation. All formulations had high drug encapsulation efficiencies (101-106%). Drug loaded into the polymeric particles was in the amorphous state and drug molecules were molecularly dispersed in the polymeric matrix of the microparticles which were revealed by X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The in vitro drug release was influenced by polymer concentration. Histopathological study demonstrated that RH-loaded sodium alginate microparticles was safe to nasal epithelium. In conclusion, spray drying of RH using sodium alginate polymer has produced microparticles of suitable characteristics for potential intranasal administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozad Hussein
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Huner Omer
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Ava Ismael
- College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohamed Albed Alhnan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Waterloo, UK
| | - Abdelbary Elhissi
- Office of Vice President for Research and Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Waqar Ahmed
- School of Mathematics and Physics, College of Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
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103
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Formulation of polymeric nanoparticles of antidepressant drug for intranasal delivery. Ther Deliv 2019; 10:683-696. [PMID: 31744396 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2019-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The manuscript describes the performance of nanoparticles loaded with antidepressant drug for nose-to-brain drug delivery. Materials & methods: Poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid-loaded nanoparticles of agomelatine were prepared by nanoprecipitation method using poloxamer 407 as stabilizer. The process parameters were optimized using factorial design. Results: The drug-loaded nanoparticles having low particle size (<200 nm) with narrow size distribution and required zeta potential (-22.7 mV) to avoid aggregation showed sustained release profile and were found to have higher permeability as observed from ex vivo studies when compared with plain drug suspension. Histopathology test showed that the optimized formulation was free from nasal toxicity on the goat nasal mucosa. Pharmacodynamic study showed significant reduction in immobility time in rats treated with the formulation which indicated antidepressant activity of the formulation. Conclusion: The prepared agomelatin-loaded poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles showed prominent antidepressant activity by nose-to-brain delivery as observed from various studies.
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104
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Pinto M, Fernandes C, Martins E, Silva R, Benfeito S, Cagide F, Mendes RF, Almeida Paz FA, Garrido J, Remião F, Borges F. Boosting Drug Discovery for Parkinson's: Enhancement of the Delivery of a Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitor by Brain-Targeted PEGylated Polycaprolactone-Based Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E331. [PMID: 31336891 PMCID: PMC6681091 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11070331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The current pharmacological treatments for Parkinson's disease only offer symptomatic relief to the patients and are based on the administration of levodopa and catechol-O-methyltransferase or monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors (IMAO-B). Since the majority of drug candidates fail in pre- and clinical trials, due largely to bioavailability pitfalls, the use of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) as drug delivery systems has been reported as an interesting tool to increase the stealth capacity of drugs or help drug candidates to surpass biological barriers, among other benefits. Thus, a novel potent, selective, and reversible IMAO-B (chromone C27, IC50 = 670 ± 130 pM) was encapsulated in poly(caprolactone) (PCL) NPs by a nanoprecipitation process. The resulting C27-loaded PEGylated PCL NPs (~213 nm) showed high stability and no cytotoxic effects in neuronal (SH-SY5Y), epithelial (Caco-2), and endothelial (hCMEC/D3) cells. An accumulation of PEGylated PCL NPs in the cytoplasm of SH-SY5Y and hCMEC/D3 cells was also observed, and their permeation across Caco-2 and hCMEC/D3 cell monolayers, used as in vitro models of the human intestine and blood-brain barrier, respectively, was demonstrated. PEGylated PCL NPs delivered C27 at concentrations higher than the MAO-B IC50 value, which provides evidence of their relevance to solving the drug discovery pitfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Pinto
- CIQUP, Departmento de Química e Bioquímica, Centro de Investigação em Química, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Fernandes
- CIQUP, Departmento de Química e Bioquímica, Centro de Investigação em Química, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eva Martins
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Silva
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Benfeito
- CIQUP, Departmento de Química e Bioquímica, Centro de Investigação em Química, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Cagide
- CIQUP, Departmento de Química e Bioquímica, Centro de Investigação em Química, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo F Mendes
- Departamento de Química, CICECO-Instituto de Materiais de Aveiro, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Filipe A Almeida Paz
- Departamento de Química, CICECO-Instituto de Materiais de Aveiro, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jorge Garrido
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), Instituto Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Remião
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Toxicologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP, Departmento de Química e Bioquímica, Centro de Investigação em Química, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
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105
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Resveratrol anchored nanostructured lipid carrier loaded in situ gel via nasal route: Formulation, optimization and in vivo characterization. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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106
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Gadhave D, Gorain B, Tagalpallewar A, Kokare C. Intranasal teriflunomide microemulsion: An improved chemotherapeutic approach in glioblastoma. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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107
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Wang Z, Xiong G, Tsang WC, Schätzlein AG, Uchegbu IF. Nose-to-Brain Delivery. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:593-601. [PMID: 31126978 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.258152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of neurologic disorders is rising, and yet we are still unable to deliver most drug molecules, in therapeutic quantities, to the brain. The blood brain barrier consists of a tight layer of endothelial cells surrounded by astrocyte foot processes, and these anatomic features constitute a significant barrier to drug transport from the blood to the brain. One way to bypass the blood brain barrier and thus treat diseases of the brain is to use the nasal route of administration and deposit drugs at the olfactory region of the nares, from where they travel to the brain via mechanisms that are still not clearly understood, with travel across nerve fibers and travel via a perivascular pathway both being hypothesized. The nose-to-brain route has been demonstrated repeatedly in preclinical models, with both solution and particulate formulations. The nose-to-brain route has also been demonstrated in human studies with solution and particle formulations. The entry of device manufacturers into the arena will enable the benefits of this delivery route to become translated into approved products. The key factors that determine the efficacy of delivery via this route include the following: delivery to the olfactory area of the nares as opposed to the respiratory region, a longer retention time at the nasal mucosal surface, penetration enhancement of the active through the nasal epithelia, and a reduction in drug metabolism in the nasal cavity. Indications where nose-to-brain products are likely to emerge first include the following: neurodegeneration, post-traumatic stress disorder, pain, and glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zian Wang
- UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom (Z.-a.W., G.X., W.C.T., A.G.S., I.F.U.); and Nanomerics, London, United Kingdom (A.G.S., I.F.U.)
| | - Guojun Xiong
- UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom (Z.-a.W., G.X., W.C.T., A.G.S., I.F.U.); and Nanomerics, London, United Kingdom (A.G.S., I.F.U.)
| | - Wai Chun Tsang
- UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom (Z.-a.W., G.X., W.C.T., A.G.S., I.F.U.); and Nanomerics, London, United Kingdom (A.G.S., I.F.U.)
| | - Andreas G Schätzlein
- UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom (Z.-a.W., G.X., W.C.T., A.G.S., I.F.U.); and Nanomerics, London, United Kingdom (A.G.S., I.F.U.)
| | - Ijeoma F Uchegbu
- UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom (Z.-a.W., G.X., W.C.T., A.G.S., I.F.U.); and Nanomerics, London, United Kingdom (A.G.S., I.F.U.)
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108
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Khallaf RA, Aboud HM, Sayed OM. Surface modified niosomes of olanzapine for brain targeting via nasal route; preparation, optimization, andin vivoevaluation. J Liposome Res 2019; 30:163-173. [DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2019.1610435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A. Khallaf
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Heba M. Aboud
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Ossama M. Sayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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109
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Guo T, Guo Y, Gong Y, Ji J, Hao S, Deng J, Wang B. An enhanced charge-driven intranasal delivery of nicardipine attenuates brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage. Int J Pharm 2019; 566:46-56. [PMID: 31121211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Intranasal drug delivery provided an alternative and effective approach for the intervention of an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, the short retention time at the absorption site and slow drug transport in intranasal gel influence the drug bioavailability and outcome of ICH. Herein, we fabricated a novel intranasal gel with oriented drug migration utilizing a charge-driven strategy to attenuate brain injury after ICH. Nicardipine hydrochloride (NCD) was entrapped in chitosan nanoparticles (CS NPs) and dispersed in an HAMC gel. Subsequently, one side of the gel was coated with a positively charged film. The oriented migration of CS NPs in the HAMC gel was determined, and the drug bioavailability was also enhanced. Furthermore, a blood-induced ICH rat model was established to evaluate the therapeutic effect of CS NPs + HAMC composites. Intranasal administration of the CS NPs + HAMC (+) composite showed a stronger neuroprotective effect in terms of brain edema reduction and neural apoptosis inhibition compared to the CS NPs + HAMC composite. These results suggested that the oriented and rapid drug transport from nose to brain can be achieved using the charge-driven strategy, and this intranasal drug delivery system has the potential to provide a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yuhua Gong
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Jingou Ji
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Shilei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Jia Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China.
| | - Bochu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
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110
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Self-Assembled Benznidazole-Loaded Cationic Nanoparticles Containing Cholesterol/Sialic Acid: Physicochemical Properties, In Vitro Drug Release and In Vitro Anticancer Efficacy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092350. [PMID: 31083590 PMCID: PMC6539689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) have the ability to overcome biological membranes, leading to improved efficacy of anticancer drugs. The modulation of the particle-cell interaction is desired to control this effect and avoid toxicity to normal cells. In this study, we explored the surface functionalization of cationic polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) NPs with two natural compounds, sialic acid (SA) and cholesterol (Chol). The performance of benznidazole (BNZ) was assessed in vitro in the normal renal cell line (HEK-293) and three human cancer cell lines, as follows: human colorectal cancer (HT-29), human cervical carcinoma (HeLa), and human hepatocyte carcinoma (HepG2). The structural properties and feasibility of NPs were evaluated and the changes induced by SA and Chol were determined by using multiple analytical approaches. Small (<200 nm) spherical NPs, with a narrow size distribution and high drug-loading efficiency were prepared by using a simple and reproducible emulsification solvent evaporation method. The drug interactions in the different self-assembled NPs were assessed by using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy. All formulations exhibited a slow drug-release profile and physical stability for more than 6 weeks. Both SA and Chol changed the kinetic properties of NPs and the anticancer efficacy. The feasibility and potential of SA/Chol-functionalized NPs has been demonstrated in vitro in the HEK-293, HepG2, HeLa, and HT-29 cell lines as a promising system for the delivery of BNZ.
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111
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Grasel FDS, Behrens MC, Strassburger D, Einloft S, Diz FM, Morrone FB, Wolf CR, Ligabue RA. SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND in vitro CYTOTOXICITY OF Acacia mearnsii PROANTHOCYANIDIN LOADED PLGA MICROPARTICLES. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20190361s20170154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fábio dos S. Grasel
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil; TANAC S/A, Brasil
| | | | | | - Sandra Einloft
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Fernando M. Diz
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | | | | | - Rosane A. Ligabue
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil; Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
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112
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Scolari IR, Páez PL, Sánchez-Borzone ME, Granero GE. Promising Chitosan-Coated Alginate-Tween 80 Nanoparticles as Rifampicin Coadministered Ascorbic Acid Delivery Carrier Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:67. [PMID: 30627867 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1278-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to design a nanocarrier system for inhalation delivery of rifampicin (RIF) in combination with ascorbic acid (ASC), namely constituted of sodium alginate coated with chitosan and Tween 80 (RIF/ASC NPs) as a platform for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis infection. A Box-Behnken experimental design and response surface methodology (RSM) were applied to elucidate and evaluate the effects of several factors on the nanoparticle properties. On the other hand, it was found that RIF/ASC NPs were less cytotoxic than the free RIF, showing a significantly improved activity against nine clinical strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) in comparison with the free drug. RIF/ASC NPs had an average particle size of 324.0 ± 40.7 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.226 ± 0.030, and a zeta potential of - 28.52 ± 0.47 mV and the surface was hydrophilic. The addition of sucrose (1% w/v) to the nanosuspension resulted in the formation of a solid pellet easily redispersible after lyophilization. RIF/ASC NPs were found to be stable at different physiological pH values. In summary, findings of this work highlight the potential of the RIF/ASC NP-based formulation development herein to deliver RIF in combination with ASC through pulmonary route by exploring a non-invasive route of administration of this antibiotic, increasing the local drug concentrations in lung tissues, the primary infection site, as well as reducing the risk of systemic toxicity and hence improving the patient compliance.
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113
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Gadhave DG, Tagalpallewar AA, Kokare CR. Agranulocytosis-Protective Olanzapine-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Engineered for CNS Delivery: Optimization and Hematological Toxicity Studies. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:22. [PMID: 30604305 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1213-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential risk of agranulocytosis is one of the drug-induced adverse effects of the second-generation antipsychotic agents. The present investigation aimed to formulate and investigate olanzapine (OLZ)-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (OLZ-NLCs) via intranasal (i.n.) route. The NLC was prepared by melt emulsification method and optimized by Box-Behnken design. Mucoadhesive NLC was prepared by using 0.4% Carbopol 974P (OLZ-MNLC (C)) and the combination of 17% poloxamer 407 and 0.3% of HPMC K4M (OLZ-MNLC (P+H)). The particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency were found to be 88.95 nm ± 1.7 nm, - 22.62 mV ± 1.9 mV, and 88.94% ± 3.9%, respectively. Ex vivo permeation of OLZ-NLC, OLZ-MNLC (P+H), and OLZ-MNLC (C) was found to be 545.12 μg/cm2 ± 12.8 μg/cm2, 940.02 μg/cm2 ± 15.5 μg/cm2, and 820.10 μg/cm2 ± 11.3 μg/cm2, respectively, whereas the OLZ-MNLC (P+H) formulation showed rapid drug permeation than the OLZ-NLC and OLZ-MNLC (C) formulations. The OLZ-MNLC (P+H) formulation was shown to have 13.57- and 27.64-fold more Jss than the OLZ-MNLC (C) and OLZ-NLC formulations. The OLZ nanoformulations showed sustained release of up to 8 h. Finally, the brain Cmax of technetium-99m (99mTc)-OLZ-MNLC (i.n.) and 99mTc-OLZ-NLC (i.v.) was found to be 936 ng and 235 ng, respectively, whereas the Cmax of i.n. administration was increased 3.98-fold more than the Cmax of i.v. administration. The in vivo hematological study of OLZ-MNLC (P+H) confirmed that the i.n. formulation did not reflect any variation in leukocyte, RBC and platelet counts. Hence, it can be concluded that the nose-to-brain delivery of OLZ-MNLC (P+H) can be considered as an effective and safe delivery for CNS disorders.
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114
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Werneke U. Conference proceedings of the 4th Masterclass Psychiatry: Transcultural Psychiatry - Diagnostics and Treatment, Luleå, Sweden, 22-23 February 2018 (Region Norrbotten in collaboration with the Maudsley Hospital and Tavistock Clinic London). Nord J Psychiatry 2018:1-33. [PMID: 30547691 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2018.1481525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to estimates from the European Commission, Europe has experienced the greatest mass movement of people since the Second World War. More than one million refugees and migrants have arrived in the European Union in the past few years. Mental health and primary care professionals are more likely than ever to meet patients from different cultures and backgrounds. AIMS To equip mental health and primary care professionals with transcultural skills to deal with patients from unfamiliar backgrounds. METHOD Lectures and case discussions to explore the latest advances in the diagnosis and treatment of serious mental health problems in a transcultural context. RESULTS Lectures covered transcultural aspects of mental health problems, treatment in different cultural and ethnic contexts, and assessment of risk factors for self-harm and harm in migrant populations. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians require a sound grounding in transcultural skills to confidently and empathically deal with patients from unfamiliar backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Werneke
- a Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Psychiatry, Sunderby Research Unit , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
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115
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Neutropenia and leukopenia protective intranasal olanzapine-loaded lipid-based nanocarriers engineered for brain delivery. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-018-0909-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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116
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Dutta L, Mukherjee B, Chakraborty T, Das MK, Mondal L, Bhattacharya S, Gaonkar RH, Debnath MC. Lipid-based nanocarrier efficiently delivers highly water soluble drug across the blood-brain barrier into brain. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:504-516. [PMID: 29426257 PMCID: PMC6058568 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1435749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivering highly water soluble drugs across blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a crucial challenge for the formulation scientists. A successful therapeutic intervention by developing a suitable drug delivery system may revolutionize treatment across BBB. Efforts were given here to unravel the capability of a newly developed fatty acid combination (stearic acid:oleic acid:palmitic acid = 8.08:4.13:1) (ML) as fundamental component of nanocarrier to deliver highly water soluble zidovudine (AZT) as a model drug into brain across BBB. A comparison was made with an experimentally developed standard phospholipid-based nanocarrier containing AZT. Both the formulations had nanosize spherical unilamellar vesicular structure with highly negative zeta potential along with sustained drug release profiles. Gamma scintigraphic images showed both the radiolabeled formulations successfully crossed BBB, but longer retention in brain was observed for ML-based formulation (MGF) as compared to soya lecithin (SL)-based drug carrier (SYF). Plasma and brain pharmacokinetic data showed less clearance, prolonged residence time, more bioavailability and sustained release of AZT from MGF in rats compared to those data of the rats treated with SYF/AZT suspension. Thus, ML may be utilized to successfully develop drug nanocarrier to deliver drug into brain across BBB, in a sustained manner for a prolong period of time and may provide an effective therapeutic strategy for many diseases of brain. Further, many anti-HIV drugs cannot cross BBB sufficiently. Hence, the developed formulation may be a suitable option to carry those drugs into brain for better therapeutic management of HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lopamudra Dutta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Biswajit Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Tapash Chakraborty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Malay Kumar Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Laboni Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Raghuvir H. Gaonkar
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Mita Chatterjee Debnath
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
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Evaluation of intranasal delivery route of drug administration for brain targeting. Brain Res Bull 2018; 143:155-170. [PMID: 30449731 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 400] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The acute or chronic drug treatments for different neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders are challenging from several aspects. The low bioavailability and limited brain exposure of oral drugs, the rapid metabolism, elimination, the unwanted side effects and also the high dose to be added mean both inconvenience for the patients and high costs for the patients, their family and the society. The reason of low brain penetration of the compounds is that they have to overcome the blood-brain barrier which protects the brain against xenobiotics. Intranasal drug administration is one of the promising options to bypass blood-brain barrier, to reduce the systemic adverse effects of the drugs and to lower the doses to be administered. Furthermore, the drugs administered using nasal route have usually higher bioavailability, less side effects and result in higher brain exposure at similar dosage than the oral drugs. In this review the focus is on giving an overview on the anatomical and cellular structure of nasal cavity and absorption surface. It presents some possibilities to enhance the drug penetration through the nasal barrier and summarizes some in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo technologies to test the drug delivery across the nasal epithelium into the brain. Finally, the authors give a critical evaluation of the nasal route of administration showing its main advantages and limitations of this delivery route for CNS drug targeting.
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118
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Yang J, Zhang RN, Liu DJ, Zhou X, Shoji T, Tsuboi Y, Yan H. Laser trapping/confocal Raman spectroscopic characterization of PLGA-PEG nanoparticles. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:8090-8094. [PMID: 30283943 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01364k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We have immobilized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) on the surfaces of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles by two different chemical methods, i.e., SOCl2 halogenate-alcoholysis and DCC dehydration. The immobilized PLGA nanoparticles were characterized by DLS, 1H NMR, FT-IR and laser trapping/confocal Raman spectroscopic techniques. As a result, especially the Raman spectra which were measured after optically trapping ca. 10 individual nanoparticles in solution indicated that the PLGA nanoparticles were successfully immobilized with the PEG by the chemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Ruo-Nan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Dong-Jie Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Xu Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Tatsuya Shoji
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 5558-8585, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Tsuboi
- Division of Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 5558-8585, Japan
| | - Hu Yan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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119
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Nigam K, Kaur A, Tyagi A, Manda K, Gabrani R, Dang S. Baclofen-Loaded Poly (D,L-Lactide-Co-Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles for Neuropathic Pain Management: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation. Rejuvenation Res 2018; 22:235-245. [PMID: 30175946 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2018.2119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles of baclofen (Bcf-PLGA-NPs) were developed and optimized using nanoprecipitation method. The average particle size of the Bcf-PLGA-NP was found to be 124.8 nm, polydispersity index of 0.225, and zeta potential was found to be in the range of -20.4 mV. In vitro dissolution studies showed that Bcf was released from PLGA NPs in a sustained manner from 50% release in 2.5 hours to 80%-85% in 24 hours. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay on Neuro-2a neuroblastoma cell line showed comparably low cytotoxicity of Bcf-PLGA-NPs as compared with aqueous solution of Bcf at reported Cmax values of the drug. To explore the nose-to-brain pathway, in vivo studies were carried out in Sprague-Dawley rats by radiolabeling of Bcf with technetium-99m (99mTc). Gamma scintigraphy images of the rats that were administered through intranasal (i.n.) route showed the maximum uptake of radiolabeled NPs from nose to brain at 3 hours as compared with the rats administered with NPs intravenously and orally. To assess the Bcf concentration in brain and blood, biodistribution studies were performed and following i.n. route the NPs were dispersed in brain (3.5%/g) and blood (3%/g) at 3 hours, and these observations were in agreement with the gamma scintigrams. Hence, from the results it was suggested that the developed PLGA NPs could serve as a potential carrier for the Bcf in the treatment of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Nigam
- 1 Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Atinderpal Kaur
- 1 Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Amit Tyagi
- 2 Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Applied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi, India
| | - Kailash Manda
- 2 Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Applied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi, India
| | - Reema Gabrani
- 1 Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Shweta Dang
- 1 Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
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Pardeshi CV, Belgamwar VS. N,N,N‑trimethyl chitosan modified flaxseed oil based mucoadhesive neuronanoemulsions for direct nose to brain drug delivery. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:2560-2571. [PMID: 30201564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Here we fabricated flaxseed oil-based neuronanoemulsions (NNEs) which were further surface-modified with a mucoadhesive polymer, N,N,N‑trimethyl chitosan (TMC) to form mucoadhesive neuronanoemulsions (mNNEs). The NNEs were loaded with high partitioning ropinirole-dextran sulfate (ROPI-DS) nanoplex and fabricated using hot high-pressure homogenization (HPH) technique. NNEs were optimized using Central Composite experimental design. TMC modified mNNE have not been prepared yet for direct nose to brain drug delivery. Here, an objective to provide controlled drug release with prolonged residence on the nasal mucosa for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) is at prime consideration. Enhanced brain targeting through BBB bypass drug delivery, improved therapeutic efficacy through enhanced retention of mNNE formulation over nasal mucosal membrane, reduced dose and frequency of administration, and safety were further expected outcomes of this experiment. The mNNE formulation was subjected to 6 month stability assessment. The mNNE formulation was administered to the Swiss albino mice model via intranasal route and both, the plasma and brain pharmacokinetics were estimated. The in vivo studies performed on mice exhibited high brain targeting efficiency of mNNE formulation through nose to brain delivery via olfactory pathway. The prepared intranasal mNNEs could be on the clinics, if investigated more for behavioral and neurotoxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrakantsing V Pardeshi
- Industrial Pharmacy Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425 405, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Veena S Belgamwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, R.T.M. Nagpur University, Nagpur, 110 033, Maharashtra, India
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Taylor DM, Velaga S, Werneke U. Reducing the stigma of long acting injectable antipsychotics - current concepts and future developments. Nord J Psychiatry 2018; 72:S36-S39. [PMID: 30688170 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2018.1525638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI-APs) are considered a major advance in psychiatric treatment concerning treatment adherence and outcomes. Yet, both, doctors and patients remain sceptical. AIM To explain the rationale for using LAI-APs, review their effectiveness and explore barriers to use. METHOD Clinical overview of LAI-APs from the patient and doctor's perspective. RESULTS LAI-APs were developed to increase adherence to treatment, thereby improving treatment outcomes. LAI-APs may reduce the risk of relapse and hospitalisation. Yet, the evidence from the few meta-analyses available remains weak. Both patients and doctors may associate LAI-APs with stigma and coercion. Current means of improving adherence include more focus on the therapeutic relationship, better information, adverse effects minimisation and half-life extension of LAI-APs. Future means of improving adherence include novel administration techniques that abolish the need for injection. CONCLUSIONS For both, clinicians and drug developers, drug adherence remains a major target for improving treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Taylor
- a Pharmacy Department Denmark Hill , Maudsley Hospital , London , UK
- b King's College London Institute of Pharmaceutical Science , London , UK
| | - Sitaram Velaga
- c Department of Health Sciences , Lulea University of Technology , Lulea , Sweden
| | - Ursula Werneke
- d Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Psychiatry, Sunderby Research Unit , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
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122
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Deepika D, Dewangan HK, Maurya L, Singh S. Intranasal Drug Delivery of Frovatriptan Succinate-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles for Brain Targeting. J Pharm Sci 2018; 108:851-859. [PMID: 30053555 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to develop polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) of frovatriptan succinate for brain targeting by nasal route. Double emulsion method was used to increase the entrapment efficiency of hydrophilic drug, and formulation was optimized by central composite design to achieve critical quality attributes namely particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. Optimized batch was evaluated for surface morphology, in vitro release, permeation across nasal mucosa, stability, histopathology, and brain tissue uptake study. Prepared PNPs were found to be smooth with particle size of 264.4 ± 0.04 nm, zeta potential -35.17 ± 0.07 mV, and 65.2 ± 0.06% entrapment efficiency. PNPs showed biphasic release pattern, initial burst release followed by sustained release up to 72 h. Ex vivo diffusion study using goat nasal mucosa at pH 6.8 revealed that PNPs permeation across nasal mucosa was about 3 times more than the pure drug solution, and quick delivery of PNPs in brain region was confirmed by fluorescence microscopic evaluation in male Wistar rats after intranasal administration. Histopathology studies further revealed integrity of nasal mucosa after treatment with PNPs. The investigation indicated that hydrophilic drug, frovatriptan succinate can be successfully entrapped in PNPs to target brain via nasal delivery, and thus it could be an effective approach for nose to brain delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Deepika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Hitesh Kumar Dewangan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Lakshmi Maurya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221005, India.
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123
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Askin S, Zhao M, Gonçalves AD, Gaisford S, Craig DQM. The Development of Quasi-isothermal Calorimetry for the Measurement of Drug–Polymer Miscibility and Crystallization Kinetics: Olanzapine-Loaded PLGA Microparticles. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:3332-3342. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean Askin
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea D. Gonçalves
- DPDD Drug Delivery, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Gaisford
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan Q. M. Craig
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
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124
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Ojha S, Kumar B. Preparation and Statistical Modeling of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Dimethyl Fumarate for Better Management of Multiple Sclerosis. Adv Pharm Bull 2018; 8:225-233. [PMID: 30023324 PMCID: PMC6046417 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2018.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The objective of this study was to synthesize and statistically optimize dimethyl fumarate (DMF) loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) for better management of multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: SLNs were formulated by hot emulsion, ultrasonication method and optimized with response surface methodology (RSM). A three factor and three level box-behnken design was used to demonstrate the role of polynomial quadratic equation and contour plots in predicting the effect of independent variables on dependent responses that were particle size and % entrapment efficiency (%EE). Results: The results were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) to evaluate the significant differences between the independent variables. The optimized SLNs were characterized and found to have an average particle size of 300 nm, zeta potential value of -34.89 mv and polydispersity index value < 0.3. Entrapment efficiency was found to be 59% and drug loading was 15%. TEM microphotograph revealed spherical shape and no aggregation of nanoparticles. In-vitro drug release profile was an indicative of prolonged therapy. In-vivo pharmacokinetic data revealed that the relative bioavailability was enhanced in DMF loaded SLNs in Wistar rats. Conclusion: This study showed that the present formulation with improved characteristics can be a promising formulation with a longer half-life for the better management of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smriti Ojha
- Vishveshwarya Group of Institutions, Department of Pharmacy, G.B. Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 203207
| | - Babita Kumar
- Sanskar Educational Group, Department of Pharmacy, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201302
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125
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Development and validation of a RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous detection and quantification of simvastatin’s isoforms and coenzyme Q10 in lecithin/chitosan nanoparticles. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 155:33-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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126
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Khan A, Aqil M, Imam SS, Ahad A, Sultana Y, Ali A, Khan K. Temozolomide loaded nano lipid based chitosan hydrogel for nose to brain delivery: Characterization, nasal absorption, histopathology and cell line study. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 116:1260-1267. [PMID: 29775717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to develop and optimize Temozolomide nano lipid chitosan hydrogel formulations (TMZNLCHG) to target the brain through nasal route. The formulation was developed using chitosan as a gelling agent and Vit E: gelucire 44/14 blend as lipid. The formulations were evaluated for particle size, encapsulation efficiency (%EE), drug loading (DL), morphology, drug release, nasal diffusion, cell line study, and histopathology study. The particle size, PDI, %EE, %DL, and drug release were found to be 134 nm, 0.177, 88.45% ± 4.45%, 9.12% ± 0.78%, and 84.23% ± 2.78%, respectively. The enhancement ratio was more than two folds higher than TMZCHG formulation (control) suggesting the superiority of chitosan with lipid as permeability enhancer. The microscopic image of lyophilized TMZNLCHGopt displayed the spherical and rough surface morphology. IC50 was found to be 3.34 μg/ml for TMZNLCHGopt and was 160 μg/ml for pure TMZ. Further, No structural damage was observed with TMZNLCHGopt treated nasal mucosa upon histopathological examination. Overall, the present study produces encouraging findings in the formulation of a non-invasive intranasal route for brain targeting as an alternate to other route for TMZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), M. B. Road, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Mohd Aqil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), M. B. Road, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Syed Sarim Imam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Glocal School of Pharmacy, Glocal University, Saharanpur 247121, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abdul Ahad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasmin Sultana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), M. B. Road, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Asgar Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University), M. B. Road, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Khalid Khan
- Fermish Clinical Technologies Private Limited, Noida 201301, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Bourganis V, Kammona O, Alexopoulos A, Kiparissides C. Recent advances in carrier mediated nose-to-brain delivery of pharmaceutics. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 128:337-362. [PMID: 29733950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders (e.g., multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, etc.) represent a growing public health issue, primarily due to the increased life expectancy and the aging population. The treatment of such disorders is notably elaborate and requires the delivery of therapeutics to the brain in appropriate amounts to elicit a pharmacological response. However, despite the major advances both in neuroscience and drug delivery research, the administration of drugs to the CNS still remains elusive. It is commonly accepted that effectiveness-related issues arise due to the inability of parenterally administered macromolecules to cross the Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) in order to access the CNS, thus impeding their successful delivery to brain tissues. As a result, the direct Nose-to-Brain delivery has emerged as a powerful strategy to circumvent the BBB and deliver drugs to the brain. The present review article attempts to highlight the different experimental and computational approaches pursued so far to attain and enhance the direct delivery of therapeutic agents to the brain and shed some light on the underlying mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis and treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis Bourganis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 472, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Olga Kammona
- Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, P.O. Box 60361, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aleck Alexopoulos
- Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, P.O. Box 60361, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Costas Kiparissides
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 472, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, P.O. Box 60361, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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128
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DoE based Olanzapine loaded poly-caprolactone nanoparticles decreases extrapyramidal effects in rodent model. Int J Pharm 2018; 541:198-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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129
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Al-Nemrawi NK, Alshraiedeh NH, Zayed AL, Altaani BM. Low Molecular Weight Chitosan-Coated PLGA Nanoparticles for Pulmonary Delivery of Tobramycin for Cystic Fibrosis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018. [PMID: 29517998 PMCID: PMC5874724 DOI: 10.3390/ph11010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with Tobramycin were prepared using a solvent-evaporation method. (2) Methods: The NPs were coated with low molecular weight chitosan (LMWC) to enhance the mucoadhesiveness of PLGA-NPs. The following w/w ratios of tobramycin to LMWC were prepared: control (0:0.50), F0 (1:0.25), F0.5 (1:0.5), and F1 (1:1). (3) Results: The results showed that the size of the particles increased from 220.7 nm to 575.77 nm as the concentration of LMWC used in the formulation increased. The surface charge was also affected by the amount of LMWC, where uncoated-PLGA nanoparticles had negative charges (−2.8 mV), while coated-PLGA NPs had positive charges (+33.47 to +50.13 mV). SEM confirmed the size and the spherical homogeneous morphology of the NPs. Coating the NPs with LMWC enhanced the mucoadhesive properties of the NPs and sustained the tobramycin release over two days. Finally, all NPs had antimicrobial activity that increased as the amount of LMWC increased. (4) Conclusion: In conclusion, the formulation of mucoadhesive, controlled-release, tobramycin-LMWC-PLGA nanoparticles for the treatment of P. aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis patients is possible, and their properties could be controlled by controlling the concentration of LMWC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusaiba K Al-Nemrawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Nid''A H Alshraiedeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Aref L Zayed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Bashar M Altaani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
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130
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Paul P, Sengupta S, Mukherjee B, Shaw TK, Gaonkar RH, Debnath MC. Chitosan-coated nanoparticles enhanced lung pharmacokinetic profile of voriconazole upon pulmonary delivery in mice. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:501-520. [PMID: 29383985 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Soma Sengupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Biswajit Mukherjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Tapan K Shaw
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
- NSHM College of Pharmaceutical Technology, NSHM Knowledge Campus, 124, B. L. Saha Road, Kolkata 700053, West Bengal, India
| | - Raghuvir H Gaonkar
- Infectious Diseases & Immunology Division, CSIR Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Mita Chatterjee Debnath
- Infectious Diseases & Immunology Division, CSIR Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India
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131
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Abdelkader DH, El-Gizawy SA, Faheem AM, McCarron PA, Osman MA. Effect of process variables on formulation, in-vitro characterisation and subcutaneous delivery of insulin PLGA nanoparticles: An optimisation study. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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132
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Abd-Elrasheed E, Nageeb El-Helaly S, EL-Ashmoony MM, Salah S. Brain-targeted intranasal zaleplon solid dispersion in hydrophilic carrier system; 23 full-factorial design and in vivo determination of GABA neurotransmitter. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 44:741-749. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1411941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eman Abd-Elrasheed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Sara Nageeb El-Helaly
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal M. EL-Ashmoony
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salwa Salah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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133
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Nageeb El-Helaly S, Abd Elbary A, Kassem MA, El-Nabarawi MA. Electrosteric stealth Rivastigmine loaded liposomes for brain targeting: preparation, characterization, ex vivo, bio-distribution and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:692-700. [PMID: 28415883 PMCID: PMC8240971 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1309476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Being one of the highly effective drugs in treatment of Alzheimer's disease, Rivastigmine brain targeting is highly demandable, therefore liposomal dispersion of Rivastigmine was prepared containing 2 mol% PEG-DSPE added to Lecithin, Didecyldimethyl ammonium bromide (DDAB), Tween 80 in 1:0.02:0.25 molar ratio. A major challenge during the preparation of liposomes is maintaining a stable formulation, therefore the aim of our study was to increase liposomal stability by addition of DDAB to give an electrostatic stability and PEG-DSPE to increase stability by steric hindrance, yielding what we called an electrosteric stealth (ESS) liposomes. A medium nano-sized liposome (478 ± 4.94 nm) with a nearly neutral zeta potential (ZP, -8 ± 0.2 mV) and an entrapment efficiency percentage of 48 ± 6.22 was prepared. Stability studies showed no major alteration after three months storage period concerning particle size, polydispersity index, ZP, entrapment efficiency and in vitro release study confirming the successful formation of a stable liposomes. No histopathological alteration was recorded for ESS liposomes of the sheep nasal mucosa. While ESS liposomes showed higher % of drug permeating through the sheep nasal mucosa (48.6%) than the drug solution (28.7%). On completing the in vivo pharmacokinetic studies of 36 rabbits showed 424.2% relative bioavailability of the mean plasma levels of the formula ESS compared to that of RHT intranasal solution and 486% relative bioavailability of the mean brain levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Nageeb El-Helaly
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abd Elbary
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Kassem
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. El-Nabarawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Development of long-circulating docetaxel loaded poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) nanoparticles: Optimization, pharmacokinetic, cytotoxicity and in vivo assessments. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 103:791-801. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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135
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Javia A, Thakkar H. Intranasal delivery of tapentadol hydrochloride-loaded chitosan nanoparticles: formulation, characterisation and its in vivo evaluation. J Microencapsul 2017; 34:644-658. [PMID: 28862072 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2017.1375038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present investigation was to formulate tapentadol hydrochloride-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) for nose to brain delivery. Chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using ionotropic gelation technique. Optimisation of the formulation and process parameters was done using Box-Behnken Design. The entrapment efficiency, drug loading, Z-average size and zeta potential of the optimised batch were 63.49 ± 1.61%, 17.25 ± 1.38%w/w, 201.2 ± 1.5 nm and +49.3 mV, respectively. In-vitro release study showed 84.04 ± 1.53% drug release after 28 h, while ex vivo studies indicated higher permeation of CS-NPs through nasal mucosa. The nanoparticles exhibited good mucoadhesiveness, haemocompatibility and safety as evidenced by histopathology. The results of the pharmacodynamic study revealed prolongation of the analgesic activity. The intranasal instillation of CS-NPs resulted in the higher concentrations in brain compared to the drug solution and intravenous administration of CS-NPs. In a nutshell, intranasal administration of tapentadol hydrochloride-loaded CS-NPs is a promising approach for effective pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Javia
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda , Vadodara , India
| | - Hetal Thakkar
- a Faculty of Pharmacy , The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda , Vadodara , India
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136
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Yalcin TE, Ilbasmis-Tamer S, Ibisoglu B, Özdemir A, Ark M, Takka S. Gemcitabine hydrochloride-loaded liposomes and nanoparticles: comparison of encapsulation efficiency, drug release, particle size, and cytotoxicity. Pharm Dev Technol 2017; 23:76-86. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2017.1357733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Emre Yalcin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel Ilbasmis-Tamer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burçin Ibisoglu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysun Özdemir
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ark
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Takka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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137
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Bionanocomposite systems based on montmorillonite and biopolymers for the controlled release of olanzapine. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 75:1250-1258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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138
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Katare YK, Piazza JE, Bhandari J, Daya RP, Akilan K, Simpson MJ, Hoare T, Mishra RK. Intranasal delivery of antipsychotic drugs. Schizophr Res 2017; 184:2-13. [PMID: 27913162 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Antipsychotic drugs are used to treat psychotic disorders that afflict millions globally and cause tremendous emotional, economic and healthcare burdens. However, the potential of intranasal delivery to improve brain-specific targeting remains unrealized. In this article, we review the mechanisms and methods used for brain targeting via the intranasal (IN) route as well as the potential advantages of improving this type of delivery. We extensively review experimental studies relevant to intranasal delivery of therapeutic agents for the treatment of psychosis and mental illnesses. We also review clinical studies in which intranasal delivery of peptides, like oxytocin (7 studies) and desmopressin (1), were used as an adjuvant to antipsychotic treatment with promising results. Experimental animal studies (17) investigating intranasal delivery of mainstream antipsychotic drugs have revealed successful targeting to the brain as suggested by pharmacokinetic parameters and behavioral effects. To improve delivery to the brain, nanotechnology-based carriers like nanoparticles and nanoemulsions have been used in several studies. However, human studies assessing intranasal delivery of mainstream antipsychotic drugs are lacking, and the potential toxicity of nanoformulations used in animal studies has not been explored. A brief discussion of future directions anticipates that if limitations of low aqueous solubility of antipsychotic drugs can be overcome and non-toxic formulations used, IN delivery (particularly targeting specific tissues within the brain) will gain more importance moving forward given the inherent benefits of IN delivery in comparison to other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh K Katare
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Justin E Piazza
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jayant Bhandari
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ritesh P Daya
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kosalan Akilan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Madeline J Simpson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Todd Hoare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ram K Mishra
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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139
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Mohan S, Raghavendran HB, Karunanithi P, Murali MR, Naveen SV, Talebian S, Mehrali M, Mehrali M, Natarajan E, Chan CK, Kamarul T. Incorporation of Human-Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB Encapsulated Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microspheres into 3D CORAGRAF Enhances Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:9291-9303. [PMID: 28266827 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering aims to generate or facilitate regrowth or healing of damaged tissues by applying a combination of biomaterials, cells, and bioactive signaling molecules. In this regard, growth factors clearly play important roles in regulating cellular fate. However, uncontrolled release of growth factors has been demonstrated to produce severe side effects on the surrounding tissues. In this study, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres (MS) incorporated three-dimensional (3D) CORAGRAF scaffolds were engineered to achieve controlled release of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) for the differentiation of stem cells within the 3D polymer network. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and microtomography were applied to characterize the fabricated scaffolds. In vitro study revealed that the CORAGRAF-PLGA-PDGF-BB scaffold system enhanced the release of PDGF-BB for the regulation of cell behavior. Stromal cell attachment, viability, release of osteogenic differentiation markers such as osteocalcin, and upregulation of osteogenic gene expression exhibited positive response. Overall, the developed scaffold system was noted to support rapid cell expansion and differentiation of stromal cells into osteogenic cells in vitro for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saktiswaren Mohan
- Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Hanumantharao Balaji Raghavendran
- Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Puvanan Karunanithi
- Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Malliga Raman Murali
- Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sangeetha Vasudevaraj Naveen
- Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Sepehr Talebian
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong , Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia
| | - Mohammad Mehrali
- Process and Energy Department, Delft University of Technology , Leeghwaterstraat 39, Delft 2628 CB, The Netherlands
| | - Mehdi Mehrali
- DTU Nanotech, Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Technical University of Denmark , Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Elango Natarajan
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, UCSI University , Technology and Built Environment, Kuala Lumpur 506000, Malaysia
| | - Chee Ken Chan
- Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Tunku Kamarul
- Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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140
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Chai F, Sun L, He X, Li J, Liu Y, Xiong F, Ge L, Webster TJ, Zheng C. Doxorubicin-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles coated with chitosan/alginate by layer by layer technology for antitumor applications. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:1791-1802. [PMID: 28424550 PMCID: PMC5344431 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s130404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural polyelectrolyte multilayers of chitosan (CHI) and alginate (ALG) were alternately deposited on doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) with layer by layer self-assembly to control drug release for antitumor activity. Numerous factors which influenced the multilayer growth on nano-colloidal particles were studied: polyelectrolyte concentration, NaCl concentration and temperature. Then the growth regime of the CHI/ALG multilayers was elucidated. The coated NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray diffraction and a zeta potential analyzer. In vitro studies demonstrated an undesirable initial burst release of DOX-loaded PLGA NPs (DOX-PLGA NPs), which was relieved from 55.12% to 5.78% through the use of the layer by layer technique. The release of DOX increased more than 40% as the pH of media decreased from 7.4 to 5.0. More importantly, DOX-PLGA (CHI/ALG)3 NPs had superior in vivo tumor inhibition rates at 83.17% and decreased toxicity, compared with DOX-PLGA NPs and DOX in solution. Thus, the presently formulated PLGA-polyelectrolyte NPs have strong potential applications for numerous controlled anticancer drug release applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujuan Chai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing
| | - Linlin Sun
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xinyi He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing
| | - Jieli Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing
| | - Yuanfen Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational College
| | - Fei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Ge
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chunli Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing
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141
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Systematic Approach for the Formulation and Optimization of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Efavirenz by High Pressure Homogenization Using Design of Experiments for Brain Targeting and Enhanced Bioavailability. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:5984014. [PMID: 28243600 PMCID: PMC5294220 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5984014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, used for the treatment of HIV infections, are reported to have low bioavailability pertaining to high first-pass metabolism, high protein binding, and enzymatic metabolism. They also show low permeability across blood brain barrier. The CNS is reported to be the most important HIV reservoir site. In the present study, solid lipid nanoparticles of efavirenz were prepared with the objective of providing increased permeability and protection of drug due to biocompatible lipidic content and nanoscale size and thus developing formulation having potential for enhanced bioavailability and brain targeting. Solid lipid nanoparticles were prepared by high pressure homogenization technique using a systematic approach of design of experiments (DoE) and evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. Particles of average size 108.5 nm having PDI of 0.172 with 64.9% entrapment efficiency were produced. Zeta potential was found to be −21.2 mV and the formulation was found stable. The in-vivo pharmacokinetic studies revealed increased concentration of the drug in brain, as desired, when administered through intranasal route indicating its potential for an attempt towards complete eradication of HIV and cure of HIV-infected patients.
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142
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Dos Reis Antunes Junior O, Antônio E, Mainardes RM, Khalil NM. Preparation, physicochemical characterization and antioxidant activity of diphenyl diselenide-loaded poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 39:176-185. [PMID: 27908412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed, characterized and evaluated the antioxidant activity of poly (lactic acid) nanoparticles containing diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)2. Nanoparticles were characterized in terms of mean particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release profile, physical stability, polymer-drug interactions and thermal properties. Also, the antioxidant activity of nanoparticles on hypochlorous acid (HOCl) was assessed. Nanoparticles presented a mean size of 210nm, had low polydispersity, zeta potential of -24mV, and an encapsulation efficiency over 90%. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction results showed (PhSe)2 is dispersed in PLA matrix in an amorphous state. Lyophilized nanoparticles maintained physical stability over three months, while nanoparticles dispersed in water did not present stability over 7days. In vitro release assay was characterized by a biphasic release pattern with burst effect in 8h followed by a sustained release diffusion governed over 192h. Nanoencapsulation did not alter the antioxidant activity of (PhSe)2 on HOCl. The study concludes these properties of (PhSe)2-loaded nanoparticles can be useful to extend the biological effects of (PhSe)2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osmar Dos Reis Antunes Junior
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste/UNICENTRO, Guarapuava/PR, Brazil
| | - Emilli Antônio
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste/UNICENTRO, Guarapuava/PR, Brazil
| | - Rubiana Mara Mainardes
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste/UNICENTRO, Guarapuava/PR, Brazil
| | - Najeh Maissar Khalil
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste/UNICENTRO, Guarapuava/PR, Brazil.
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143
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Clementino A, Batger M, Garrastazu G, Pozzoli M, Del Favero E, Rondelli V, Gutfilen B, Barboza T, Sukkar MB, Souza SAL, Cantù L, Sonvico F. The nasal delivery of nanoencapsulated statins - an approach for brain delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:6575-6590. [PMID: 27994459 PMCID: PMC5153258 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s119033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Along with their cholesterol-lowering effect, statins have shown a wide range of pleiotropic effects potentially beneficial to neurodegenerative diseases. However, such effects are extremely elusive via the conventional oral administration. The purpose of the present study was to prepare and characterize the physicochemical properties and the in vivo biodistribution of simvastatin-loaded lecithin/chitosan nanoparticles (SVT-LCNs) suitable for nasal administration in view of an improved delivery of the statins to the brain. Materials and methods Chitosan, lecithin, and different oil excipients were used to prepare nanocapsules loaded with simvastatin. Particle size distribution, surface charge, structure, simvastatin loading and release, and interaction with mucus of nanoparticles were determined. The nanoparticle nasal toxicity was evaluated in vitro using RPMI 2651 nasal cell lines. Finally, in vivo biodistribution was assessed by gamma scintigraphy via Tc99m labeling of the particles. Results Among the different types of nanoparticles produced, the SVT-LCN_MaiLab showed the most ideal physicochemical characteristics, with small diameter (200 nm), positive surface charge (+48 mV) and high encapsulation efficiency (EE; 98%). Size distribution was further confirmed by nanoparticle tracking analysis and electron microscopy. The particles showed a relatively fast release of simvastatin in vitro (35.6%±4.2% in 6 hours) in simulated nasal fluid. Blank nanoparticles did not show cytotoxicity, evidencing that the formulation is safe for nasal administration, while cytotoxicity of simvastatin-loaded nanoparticles (IC50) was found to be three times lower than the drug solution (9.92 vs 3.50 μM). In rats, a significantly higher radioactivity was evidenced in the brain after nasal delivery of simvastatin-loaded nanoparticles in comparison to the administration of a similar dose of simvastatin suspension. Conclusion The SVT-LCNs developed presented some of the most desirable characteristics for mucosal delivery, that is, small particle size, positive surface charge, long-term stability, high EE, and mucoadhesion. In addition, they displayed two exciting features: First was their biodegradability by enzymes present in the mucus layer, such as lysozyme. This indicates a new Trojan-horse strategy which may enhance drug release in the proximity of the nasal mucosa. Second was their ability to enhance the nose-to-brain transport as evidenced by preliminary gamma scintigraphy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adryana Clementino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - CNPq, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Mellissa Batger
- Graduate School of Health - Pharmacy, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Gabriela Garrastazu
- National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - CNPq, Brasilia, Brazil; Graduate School of Health - Pharmacy, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Michele Pozzoli
- Graduate School of Health - Pharmacy, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Elena Del Favero
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, LITA, University of Milan, Segrate, Italy
| | - Valeria Rondelli
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, LITA, University of Milan, Segrate, Italy
| | - Bianca Gutfilen
- Laboratório de Marcação de Células e Moléculas, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thiago Barboza
- Laboratório de Marcação de Células e Moléculas, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria B Sukkar
- Graduate School of Health - Pharmacy, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Sergio A L Souza
- Laboratório de Marcação de Células e Moléculas, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Laura Cantù
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, LITA, University of Milan, Segrate, Italy
| | - Fabio Sonvico
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Parma, Italy; Graduate School of Health - Pharmacy, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
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144
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Rashed HM, Shamma RN, Basalious EB. Contribution of both olfactory and systemic pathways for brain targeting of nimodipine-loaded lipo-pluronics micelles: in vitro characterization and in vivo biodistribution study after intranasal and intravenous delivery. Drug Deliv 2016; 24:181-187. [PMID: 28156162 PMCID: PMC8241048 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2016.1236848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Nimodipine (NM) is the only FDA-approved drug for treating subarachnoid hemorrhage induced vasospasm. NM has poor oral bioavailability (5-13%) due to its low aqueous solubility, and extensive first pass metabolism. The objective of this study is to develop radiolabeled NM-loaded LPM and to test its ability prolong its circulation time, reduce its frequency of administration and eventually target it to the brain tissue. NM was radiolabeled with 99mTc by direct labeling method using sodium dithionite. Different reaction conditions that affect the radiolabeling yield were studied. The in vivo pharmacokinetic behavior of the optimum NM-loaded LPM formulation in blood, heart, and brain tissue was compared with NM solution, after intravenous and intranasal administration. Results show that the radioactivity percentage (%ID/g) in the heart of mice following administration of 99mTc-NM loaded LPM were lower compared with that following administration of 99mTc-NM solution, which is greatly beneficial to minimize the cardiovascular side effects. Results also show that the %ID/g in the blood, and brain following intravenous administration of 99mTc-NM-loaded LPM were higher at all sampling intervals compared with that following intravenous administration of 99mTc-NM solution. This would be greatly beneficial for the treatment of neurovascular diseases. The drug-targeting efficiency of NM to the brain after intranasal administration was calculated to be 1872.82%. The significant increase in drug solubility, enhanced drug absorption and the long circulation time of the NM-loaded LPM could be promising to improve nasal and parenteral delivery of NM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan M. Rashed
- Department of Labeled Compounds, Hot Labs. Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt and
| | - Rehab N. Shamma
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emad B. Basalious
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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145
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Khan A, Imam SS, Aqil M, Ahad A, Sultana Y, Ali A, Khan K. Brain Targeting of Temozolomide via the Intranasal Route Using Lipid-Based Nanoparticles: Brain Pharmacokinetic and Scintigraphic Analyses. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:3773-3782. [PMID: 27661966 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to investigate the efficacy of temozolomide nanostructured lipid carriers (TMZ-NLCs) to enhance brain targeting via nasal route administration. The formulation was optimized by applying a four-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design. The developed formulations and the functional relationships between their independent and dependent variables were observed. The independent variables used in the formulation were gelucire (X1), liquid lipid/total lipid (X2), Tween 80 (X3), and sonication time (X4), and their effects were observed with regard to size (Y1), % drug release (Y2), and drug loading (Y3). The optimized TMZ-NLC was further evaluated for its surface morphology as well as ex vivo permeation and in vivo studies. All TMZ-NLC formulations showed sizes in the nanometer range, with high drug loading and prolonged drug release. The optimized formulation (TMZ-NLCopt) showed an entrapment efficiency of 81.64 ± 3.71%, zeta potential of 15.21 ± 3.11 mV, and polydispersity index of less than 0.2. The enhancement ratio was found to be 2.32-fold that of the control formulation (TMZ-disp). In vivo studies in mice showed that the brain/blood ratio of TMZ-NLCopt was found to be significantly higher compared to that of TMZ-disp (intranasal, intravenous). Scintigraphy images of mouse brain showed the presence of a high concentration of TMZ. The AUC ratio of TMZ-NLCopt to TMZ-disp in the brain was the highest among the organs. The findings of this study substantiate the existence of a direct nose-to-brain delivery route for NLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University , New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Syed Sarim Imam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Glocal School of Pharmacy, Glocal University , Saharanpur 247121, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammed Aqil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University , New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Abdul Ahad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasmin Sultana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University , New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Asgar Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University , New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Khalid Khan
- Fermish Clinical Technologies Private Limited , Noida 201301, Uttar Pradesh, India
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146
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Warnken ZN, Smyth HD, Watts AB, Weitman S, Kuhn JG, Williams RO. Formulation and device design to increase nose to brain drug delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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147
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Ahmad N, Ahmad R, Abbas Naqvi A, Ashafaq M, Alam MA, Ahmad FJ, Al-Ghamdi MS. The effect of safranal loaded mucoadhesive nanoemulsion on oxidative stress markers in cerebral ischemia. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 45:775-787. [PMID: 27609117 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2016.1228659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidants, with reported neuroprotective activity, encounter free radical induced neural damage leading to reduced risk of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Safranal, an antioxidant drug with potential role in the amelioration of cerebral ischemia, endures low solubility and poor absorption property thus resulting a low serum and tissue bioavailability. This research aims to prepare nanoemulsion with the concept; to increase the bioavailability in order to reduce oxidative stress-induced brain injury as well as to evaluate the brain-drug targeting following non-invasive nasal route administration in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) animal model. Titration method was used to prepare safranal mucoadhesive nanoemulsion (SMNE) followed by further characterization, i.e. entrapment efficiency, particles size, and zeta potential study. Optimized SMNE showed; mean globule size of 89.64 nm (±9.12), zeta potential -11.39 mV (±1.32), drug content 98.47% (±1.01), and viscosity of 124 cp (±14). Rats were subjected to 2 h of MCAO, successively followed by a 22 h reperfusion, after which the grip strength, locomotor activity, and biochemical studies, i.e. glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase, lipid peroxidation, catalase, and superoxide dismutase were studied as assessment tool for effective treatment in brain. SMNE administered i.n. (intranasal) in MCAO induced cerebral ischemia rats exhibited significant improvement in neurobehavioral (locomotor and grip strength) and antioxidant activity as well as histopathological studies. The toxicity studies performed at the end revealed safe nature of developed SMNE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niyaz Ahmad
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Clinical Pharmacy , Dammam University , Dammam , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- b Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, College of Clinical Pharmacy , Dammam University , Dammam , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Atta Abbas Naqvi
- c Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy , University of Dammam , Dammam , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ashafaq
- d Neuroscience and Toxicology Unit , College of Pharmacy, Jazan University , Jazan , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Aftab Alam
- e Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Medical and Allied Sciences , Galgotias University , Gautam Budh Nagar , Greater , Noida , India
| | - Farhan Jalees Ahmad
- f Nanomedicine Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy , Hamdard Nagar , Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi , India
| | - Mastour Safer Al-Ghamdi
- g Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy , University of Dammam , Dammam , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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148
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Sun Y, Kang C, Liu F, Song L. Delivery of Antipsychotics with Nanoparticles. Drug Dev Res 2016; 77:393-399. [PMID: 27546713 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical Research Psychosis remains one of the most challenging health problems for society, affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Although current antipsychotics can alleviate the symptoms of psychosis, they are still far away from being perfect, often causing significant and even fatal side effects such as involuntary movement disorders and metabolic syndrome. With the lack of precise knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of psychosis, a rational approach to improve the efficiency of current antipsychotics is by nanoparticle-based administration. Nanoparticles with the size of 1-500 nm can be used in drug formulations to pass through many biological barriers including the blood-brain barrier, which makes them excellent candidates for the delivery of antipsychotics. Besides that, nanoparticles loaded with antipsychotics can solve the common aqueous solubility issues for most brain targeting drugs, and enable a slow-release profile for the encapsulated drugs. This research overview provides a brief summary and discussion of the progress and development in the delivery of antipsychotics with nanoparticle formulations over the past five years (2011-2016). Drug Dev Res 77 : 393-399, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210
| | - Chen Kang
- Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, 35294
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, 33136
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149
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Pluronic P85-coated poly(butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles overcome phenytoin resistance in P-glycoprotein overexpressing rats with lithium-pilocarpine-induced chronic temporal lobe epilepsy. Biomaterials 2016; 97:110-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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150
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Synthesis, characterization and in vivo drug delivery study of a biodegradable nano-structured molecularly imprinted polymer based on cross-linker of fructose. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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