101
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Liu Y, Su P, Xu J, Chen S, Zhang J, Zhou S, Wang Y, Tang Q, Wang Y. Structural characterization of a bioactive water-soluble heteropolysaccharide from Nostoc sphaeroids kütz. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 200:552-559. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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102
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Chen W, Ma J, Gong F, Xi H, Zhan Q, Li X, Wei F, Wu H, Lai F. Two novel polysaccharides from the torus of Saussurea laniceps protect against AAPH-induced oxidative damage in human erythrocytes. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 200:446-455. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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103
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Enzyme Assisted Extraction, Purification and Structure Analysis of the Polysaccharides from Naked Pumpkin Seeds. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8101866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme assisted extraction was used to extract the polysaccharides from pumpkin seeds (PSP) and the extraction parameters were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Under the optimum experimental parameters: Extraction temperature of 60 °C, extraction time of 43 min, enzyme concentration of 2.5%, and pH of 6.0, the yield of PSP was 3.22 ± 0.04%, which was in close agreement with the predicted value (3.24%). After further purification on anion exchange column and gelfiltration column, a novel purified polysaccharide (PSPE) with molecular weight of 16,700 g/mol was obtained. PSPE was mainly composed of mannose, galactose and glucose in the molar ratio of 1.00:3.84:1.62. NMR spectra analysis showed that the major backbone of PSPE consisted of →4)-α-d-Glcp-(1→, →4)-β-d-Manp-(1→, →3,6)-β-d-Glap-(1→, and β-d-galactose.
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104
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Yang J, Wei YQ, Ding JB, Li YL, Ma JL, Liu JL. Research and application of Lycii Fructus in medicinal field. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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105
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Wu J, Li P, Tao D, Zhao H, Sun R, Ma F, Zhang B. Effect of solution plasma process with hydrogen peroxide on the degradation and antioxidant activity of polysaccharide from Auricularia auricula. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 117:1299-1304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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106
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Structural characterization and anti-proliferative activities of partially degraded polysaccharides from peach gum. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 203:193-202. [PMID: 30318204 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
LP100R, LP10R and LP5R were isolated from peach gum by ultrafiltration. They were identified as AG II arabinogalactans composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galactose, xylose and arabinose, which had a β-d-(1→6)-galactan backbone and were branched at O-3 and O-4. LP100R, LP10R and LP5R exist in a spherical conformation with the molecular weight of 8.50 × 104 g/mol, 4.77 × 104 g/mol and 2.40 × 104 g/mol, respectively. The binding affinities of LP fractions to galectin-3 (Gal-3) were 0.77 μM for LP100R, 2.88 μM for LP10R and 5.15 μM for LP5R, respectively. Meanwhile, an anti-proliferative assay revealed that LP100R possessed higher anti-proliferative activity against HepG2 cells (IC50, 4.5 mg/mL) and MCF-7 cells (IC50, 0.43 mg/mL) than did LP10R and LP5R, which were in accordance with their binding affinities to galectin-3. Therefore, LP fractions (especially LP100R) might exert the anti-tumor activity by directly inhibiting the Gal-3 mediated proliferation of cancer cells.
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107
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Wu DT, Guo H, Lin S, Lam SC, Zhao L, Lin DR, Qin W. Review of the structural characterization, quality evaluation, and industrial application of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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108
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Xu Y, Guo Y, Gao Y, Niu X, Wang L, Li X, Chen H, Yu Z, Yang Y. Seperation, characterization and inhibition on α-glucosidase, α-amylase and glycation of a polysaccharide from blackcurrant fruits. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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109
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Anti-colon-cancer effects of polysaccharides: A mini-review of the mechanisms. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 114:1127-1133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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110
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Gu D, Huang L, Chen X, Wu Q, Ding K. Structural characterization of a galactan from Ophiopogon japonicus and anti-pancreatic cancer activity of its acetylated derivative. Int J Biol Macromol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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111
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Structure characterization of two functional polysaccharides from Polygonum multiflorum and its immunomodulatory. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 113:195-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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112
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Wang L, Cheng L, Liu F, Li T, Yu Z, Xu Y, Yang Y. Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction and Structural Characterization of the Polysaccharide from Pumpkin ( Cucurbita moschata) Seeds. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051207. [PMID: 29783623 PMCID: PMC6099798 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of crude polysaccharides (PSP) from pumpkin seeds was optimized by response surface method (RSM). The polysaccharide yield (2.29 ± 0.14%), which agreed closely with the theoretical predicted value 2.40%, was obtained under the optimal extraction conditions: extraction time 24 min, extraction temperature 50 °C, ultrasonic power 347 W, and liquid to solid ratio 23 mL/g. After further purification by two-step column chromatography, a novel polysaccharide (PSP-1) was isolated from pumpkin seeds. PSP-1 was composed of mannose, glucose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 1.00:4.26:5.78 with molecular weight of 3728 g/mol. 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy analysis revealed that the backbone of PSP-1 was mainly formed by β→6)-β-d-Galp-(1→, →6)-α-d-Glcp-(1→, and →3,6)-β-d-Manp-(1→ with branching at O-3 and O-6 of →3,6)-β-d-Manp-(1→. Branch linkages were composed of α-d-Glcp-(1→ and →4)-α-d-Galp-(1→.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Wang
- College of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Long Cheng
- College of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Fangcheng Liu
- College of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Tengfei Li
- College of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Zeyuan Yu
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Yaqin Xu
- College of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Yu Yang
- College of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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113
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Xu Y, Gao Y, Liu F, Niu X, Wang L, Li X, Chen H, Yang Y. Sulfated modification of the polysaccharides from blackcurrant and their antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 109:1344-1354. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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114
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Xie J, Zou L, Luo X, Qiu L, Wei Q, Luo D, Wu Y, Jiao Y. Structural characterization and immunomodulating activities of a novel polysaccharide from Nervilia fordii. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 114:520-528. [PMID: 29578012 PMCID: PMC7112443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nervilia fordii (Hance) Schltr. has been widely used as a medicinal and edible herb in Southwest China and Southeast Asia. In this study, NFP-1, a new water-soluble polysaccharidewith a purity of 97.8%, was purified from water extract of Nervilia fordii by DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-100 chromatography. NFP-1 has a relative molecular weight of 950 kDa determined by high performance gel-permeation chromatography (HPGPC). Its monosaccharide compositions were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after pre-column derivatizing its hydrolysate with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP). NFP-1 mainly consists of galactose, arabinose, rhamnose, and galacturonic acid. Based on FT-IR, methylation and GC–MS analysis, and NMR, the structure unit of NFP-1 was established as →4)-α-Rhap-(2→ 4)-α-GalpA-(1→2)-α-Rhap-(1→2)-α-Rhap-(4→1)-β-Galp-T containing two branch chains of →2,4)-α-Rhap-(1→5)-α-Araf-(1→3)-α-Araf-(1→, and →2,4)-α-Rhap-(1→4)-β-Galp-(1→. The immunomodulatory assays revealed the dual-functionalities of NFP-1. NFP-1 could significantly induce the secretion of nitric oxide (NO), and promote the secretions of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in RAW264.7 macrophages. NFP-1 could also significantly inhibit the production of NO, depress the secretions of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in RAW264.7 macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and promote the production of IL-10 meanwhile. Our study suggested that Nervilia fordii could be an ideal medicinal or functional food due to its dual immunomodulatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizhao Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Luhui Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Xuan Luo
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Li Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China.
| | - Qian Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Di Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Yunqiu Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
| | - Yang Jiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, PR China
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115
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Characterization, antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of degraded polysaccharides from blackcurrant ( Ribes nigrum L.) fruits. Food Chem 2018; 243:26-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.09.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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116
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Structure analysis of a heteropolysaccharide from fruits of Lycium barbarum L. and anti-angiogenic activity of its sulfated derivative. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 108:47-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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117
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Yao R, Huang C, Chen X, Yin Z, Fu Y, Li L, Feng B, Song X, He C, Yue G, Jing B, Lv C, Su G, Ye G, Zou Y. Two complement fixing pectic polysaccharides from pedicel of Lycium barbarum L. promote cellular antioxidant defense. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 112:356-363. [PMID: 29409772 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Purification, characterization and biological activities of polysaccharides from Lycium barbarum pedicel were investigated in this study. Two polysaccharides, PLBP-I-I and PLBP-II-I, were obtained from water extracts by anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration. Structural elucidation based on IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectra indicated that these two fractions were typical pectic polysaccharides, with homogalacturonan and rhamnogalacturonan type I regions and arabinogalactan side chains, and some of the galacturonic acid units were methyl esterified. Both fractions exhibited potent complement fixating activity and pro-antioxidant defense capacity, and those two fractions showed different activities. The higher complement fixation activity was obtained in fraction PLBP-I-I, while the higher pro-antioxidant defense capacity was obtained in fraction PLBP-II-I, which may be due to the structural differences between those two fractions. Thus, the pedicel of L. barbarum could be used as a potential source for natural immunomodulator and antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyu Yao
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China; Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zollikerstrasse 107, Zurich 8008, Switzerland
| | - Chao Huang
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China
| | - Xingfu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China
| | - Yuping Fu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China
| | - Lixia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China
| | - Bin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China
| | - Xu Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China
| | - Changliang He
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China
| | - Guizhou Yue
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China
| | - Bo Jing
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China
| | - Gang Su
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China
| | - Gang Ye
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, PR China.
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118
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Liu X, Zhang M, Liu H, Zhou A, Cao Y, Liu X. Preliminary characterization of the structure and immunostimulatory and anti-aging properties of the polysaccharide fraction ofHaematococcus pluvialis. RSC Adv 2018; 8:9243-9252. [PMID: 35541856 PMCID: PMC9078644 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11153c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a polysaccharide fraction (HPP-c3-s1) was obtained from Haematococcus pluvialis using DEAE-52 anion exchange and Sephacryl S400 chromatographies. The structure of HPP-c3-s1 was partially characterized and its biological activity was investigated. HPP-c3-s1 is a homogeneous polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 23 413 kDa as determined by high-performance gel permeation chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Periodate oxidation and Smith degradation analysis combined with GC-MS determined that HPP-c3-s1 contains 1 → 2, 1 → 3, 1 → 4, and probably a few 1 → 6 glycosyl linkages. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses indicate HPP-c3-s1 is a pyranose containing an amino and O-acetyl group. The sugar chains in HPP-c3-s1 contain both α and β glycosidic configurations, where the β configuration is the primary form. It was observed that the HPP-c3-s1 nanostructure had linear and branched forms at a concentration of 5 μg mL−1 and created different sized aggregates at a higher concentration of 50 μg mL−1. Furthermore, HPP-c3-s1 had significant immunostimulatory effects on splenocytes and B lymphocytes. In assays assessing anti-aging effects, HPP-c3-s1 extended the mean survival of Caenorhabditis elegans without adversely affecting reproduction. In addition, treatment with HPP-c3-s1 resulted in delays in age-related physiologic parameters, including body movement, rates of head swing and body bending, and accumulation of intestinal lipofuscinosis in C. elegans. Overall, these results suggest HPP-c3-s1 has remarkable immunomodulatory and anti-aging properties that may serve as the basis for development of functional foods and dietary supplements. HPP-c3-s1 is a pyranose with an average molecular weights of 23 413 kDa, which exhibited siginificant immunomodulatory and anti-aging activities.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Liu
- Department of Food Science
- College of Food Science
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Food Science
- College of Food Science
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Food Science
- College of Food Science
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- China
| | - Aimei Zhou
- Department of Food Science
- College of Food Science
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- China
| | - Yong Cao
- Department of Food Science
- College of Food Science
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Food Science
- College of Food Science
- South China Agricultural University
- Guangzhou 510642
- China
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119
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Gao QH, Fu X, Zhang R, Wang Z, Guo M. Neuroprotective effects of plant polysaccharides: A review of the mechanisms. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 106:749-754. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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120
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Zhao X, Wei J, Zhou Y, Kong W, Yang M. Quality evaluation of Alpinia oxyphylla after Aspergillus flavus infection for storage conditions optimization. AMB Express 2017; 7:151. [PMID: 28697586 PMCID: PMC5503849 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-017-0450-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the storage of Alpinia oxyphylla, growth of mildew (especially toxic fungi, such as Aspergillus flavus) is a potential safety risk. Few reports have investigated how A. oxyphylla storage conditions impact mold growth or how mold growth impacts the bioactive components of A. oxyphylla. In this study, sterilized A. oxyphylla samples were contaminated by artificial inoculation of A. flavus spores. The main chemical components and aflatoxin levels in the infected A. oxyphylla samples were characterized. Central composite design-response surface methodology was used to study the effects of different temperature and humidity of storage conditions on the fungal growth in A. oxyphylla and accumulation of aflatoxins. The results showed that aflatoxins levels can be minimized by storing samples at temperatures below 25 °C and with humidity less than 85%. Additionally, we found that the yield and composition of volatile oil in A. oxyphylla exhibited small changes due to mold growth. However, polysaccharide content reduced remarkably. Temperatures below 25 °C and humidity below 85% were the best storage conditions to preventing A. oxyphylla from becoming moldy. Our results provide the theoretical basis for future studies the effects of storage conditions and mold growth on the quality and safety of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangsheng Zhao
- Hainan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, 571100 China
| | - Jianhe Wei
- Hainan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, 571100 China
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yakui Zhou
- Hainan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, 571100 China
| | - Weijun Kong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Meihua Yang
- Hainan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Haikou, 571100 China
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193 China
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121
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Chen Q, Tang H, Zha Z, Yin H, Wang Y, Wang Y, Li H, Yue L. β-d-glucan from Antrodia Camphorata ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation and ROS production in human hepatocytes. Int J Biol Macromol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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122
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Preliminary structural characterization and hypoglycemic effects of an acidic polysaccharide SERP1 from the residue of Sarcandra glabra. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 176:140-151. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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123
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Shi Z, Zhu L, Li T, Tang X, Xiang Y, Han X, Xia L, Zeng L, Nie J, Huang Y, Tsang CK, Wang Y, Lei Z, Xu Z, So KF, Ruan Y. Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Lycium barbarum Polysaccharides Against Ischemic Insults by Regulating NR2B and NR2A Containing NMDA Receptor Signaling Pathways. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:288. [PMID: 29021742 PMCID: PMC5623723 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate excitotoxicity plays an important role in neuronal death after ischemia. However, all clinical trials using glutamate receptor inhibitors have failed. This may be related to the evidence that activation of different subunit of NMDA receptor will induce different effects. Many studies have shown that activation of the intrasynaptic NR2A subunit will stimulate survival signaling pathways, whereas upregulation of extrasynaptic NR2B will trigger apoptotic pathways. A Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) is a mixed compound extracted from Lycium barbarum fruit. Recent studies have shown that LBP protects neurons against ischemic injury by anti-oxidative effects. Here we first reported that the effect of LBP against ischemic injury can be achieved by regulating NR2B and NR2A signaling pathways. By in vivo study, we found LBP substantially reduced CA1 neurons from death after transient global ischemia and ameliorated memory deficit in ischemic rats. By in vitro study, we further confirmed that LBP increased the viability of primary cultured cortical neurons when exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 4 h. Importantly, we found that LBP antagonized increase in expression of major proteins in the NR2B signal pathway including NR2B, nNOS, Bcl-2-associated death promoter (BAD), cytochrome C (cytC) and cleaved caspase-3, and also reduced ROS level, calcium influx and mitochondrial permeability after 4 h OGD. In addition, LBP prevented the downregulation in the expression of NR2A, pAkt and pCREB, which are important cell survival pathway components. Furthermore, LBP attenuated the effects of a NR2B co-agonist and NR2A inhibitor on cell mortality under OGD conditions. Taken together, our results demonstrated that LBP is neuroprotective against ischemic injury by its dual roles in activation of NR2A and inhibition of NR2B signaling pathways, which suggests that LBP may be a superior therapeutic candidate for targeting glutamate excitotoxicity for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongshan Shi
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Anatomy, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration International Collaborative Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihui Zhu
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Anatomy, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration International Collaborative Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Li
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoya Tang
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yonghui Xiang
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinjia Han
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luoxing Xia
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zeng
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junhua Nie
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongxia Huang
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Ophthalmology and State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Kwan Tsang
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Lei
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Zaocheng Xu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration International Collaborative Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Ophthalmology and State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yiwen Ruan
- GHM Institute of CNS Regeneration (GHMICR), Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Anatomy, Jinan University School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Ministry of Education CNS Regeneration International Collaborative Laboratory, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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124
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A Pectic Polysaccharide from Sijunzi Decoction Promotes the Antioxidant Defenses of SW480 Cells. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22081341. [PMID: 28805701 PMCID: PMC6152311 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Sijunzi Decoction (SJZD) is a formula used for the treatment of spleen deficiency and gastrointestinal diseases in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Polysaccharides are reported to be the main components of SJZD responsible for its bio-functions. However, highly purified and clearly characterized polysaccharides from SJZD are not well described. Here we obtained a purified polysaccharide (SJZDP-II-I) from SJZD using ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration. Structure analysis by FT-IR and NMR identified SJZDP-II-I as a typical pectic polysaccharide with homogalacturonan and rhamnogalacturonan type I regions and arabinogalactan type I and II as side chains. In vitro studies indicated that SJZDP-II-I treatment could significantly enhance the total antioxidant capacity of SW480 cells, resulting from the promoted expressions of antioxidant enzymes and their master regulator PGC-1α, which would be valuable for further research and applications.
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125
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Zhang ZP, Shen CC, Gao FL, Wei H, Ren DF, Lu J. Isolation, Purification and Structural Characterization of Two Novel Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from Anredera cordifolia. Molecules 2017; 22:E1276. [PMID: 28769023 PMCID: PMC6152394 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22081276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Anredera cordifolia, a climber and member of the Basellaceae family, has long been a traditional medicine used for the treatment of hyperglycemia in China. Two water-soluble polysaccharides, ACP1-1 and ACP2-1, were isolated from A. cordifolia seeds by hot water extraction. The two fractions, ACP1-1 and ACP2-1 with molecular weights of 46.78 kDa ± 0.03 and 586.8 kDa ± 0.05, respectively, were purified by chromatography. ACP1-1 contained mannose, glucose, galactose in a molar ratio of 1.08:4.65:1.75, whereas ACP2-1 contained arabinose, ribose, galactose, glucose, mannose in a molar ratio of 0.9:0.4:0.5:1.2:0.9. Based on methylation analysis, ultraviolet and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, and periodate oxidation the main backbone chain of ACP1-1 contained (1→3,6)-galacturonopyranosyl residues interspersed with (1→4)-residues and (1→3)-mannopyranosyl residues. The main backbone chain of ACP2-1 contained (1→3)-galacturonopyranosyl residues interspersed with (1→4)-glucopyranosyl residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China.
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food & Fermentation Industries, 100015 Beijing, China.
| | - Can-Can Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Fu-Li Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Hui Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Di-Feng Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, 100083 Beijing, China.
| | - Jun Lu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein & Functional Peptides, China National Research Institute of Food & Fermentation Industries, 100015 Beijing, China.
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126
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Si HY, Chen NF, Chen ND, Huang C, Li J, Wang H. Structural characterisation of a water-soluble polysaccharide from tissue-cultured Dendrobium huoshanense C.Z. Tang et S.J. Cheng. Nat Prod Res 2017; 32:252-260. [PMID: 28691858 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1350670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Yang Si
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an City, China
- West Anhui Biotechnology Research Center of Natural Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu’an City, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Nai-Fu Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an City, China
- West Anhui Biotechnology Research Center of Natural Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu’an City, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Nai-Dong Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an City, China
- West Anhui Biotechnology Research Center of Natural Medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu’an City, China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu City, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu City, China
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127
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Abstract
The Lycium genus is widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine and functional food. Many of the chemical constituents of the genus Lycium were reported previously. In this review, in addition to the polysaccharides, we have enumerated 355 chemical constituents and nutrients, including 22 glycerogalactolipids, 29 phenylpropanoids, 10 coumarins, 13 lignans, 32 flavonoids, 37 amides, 72 alkaloids, four anthraquinones, 32 organic acids, 39 terpenoids, 57 sterols, steroids, and their derivatives, five peptides and three other constituents. This comprehensive study could lay the foundation for further research on the Lycium genus.
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128
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Liu W, Hu C, Liu Y, Dai S, Lu W, lv X, Yao W, Gao X. Preparation, characterization, and α-glycosidase inhibition activity of a carboxymethylated polysaccharide from the residue of Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 99:454-464. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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129
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Tang H, Wei W, Wang W, Zha Z, Li T, Zhang Z, Luo C, Yin H, Huang F, Wang Y. Effects of cultured Cordyceps mycelia polysaccharide A on tumor neurosis factor-α induced hepatocyte injury with mitochondrial abnormality. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 163:43-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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130
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Liu H, Wang Y, Chen H, Tang M. Influence of Rhizoglomus irregulare on nutraceutical quality and regeneration of Lycium barbarum leaves under salt stress. Can J Microbiol 2017; 63:365-374. [PMID: 28177791 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2016-0597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Whether arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi augment the nutraceutical quality of crops under salt stress is critical as a potential agronomic practice in salinized farmland. To evaluate the effect of Rhizoglomus irregulare on the nutraceutical quality of Lycium barbarum leaves under salt stress, we analyzed growth parameters and the rutin, polysaccharide, acidic polysaccharide, and amino acids contents of 2 harvests. Inoculation of R. irregulare significantly increased the regenerated bud number (partial eta squared (PES) = 0.577, P < 0.0001) and rutin concentration (PES = 0.544, P < 0.001) of L. barbarum leaves, with and without salt stress. The biomass of the 2nd harvest (PES = 0.355, P = 0.0091) and acidic polysaccharide (PES = 0.518, P = 0.001) of L. barbarum leaves were notably enhanced by R. irregulare under 200 mmol/L salt level. Rhizoglomus irregulare had insignificant effect on polysaccharide (PES = 0.092, P = 0.221) and amino acids levels (PES = 0.263, P = 0.130) in the leaves of L. barbarum. However, inoculation by R. irregulare decreased proline level (PES = 0.761, P = 0.001) in the leaves of L. barbarum when subjected to salt stress. Taken together, these results indicate that R. irregulare significantly improved the nutraceutical quality and facilitated the sustainable production of L. barbarum leaves exposed to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongguang Liu
- a State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.,b College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- c National Wolfberry Engineering Research Center, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia, China
| | - Hui Chen
- d College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Tang
- d College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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