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Three-Dimensional CAD in Skull Reconstruction: A Narrative Review with Focus on Cranioplasty and Its Potential Relevance to Brain Sciences. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10051847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In patients suffering from severe traumatic brain injury and massive stroke (hemorrhagic or ischemic), decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a surgical strategy used to reduce intracranial pressure, and to prevent brainstem compromise from subsequent brain edema. In surviving patients, cranioplasty surgery helps to protect brain tissue, and correct the external deformity. The aesthetic outcome of cranioplasty using an asymmetrical implant can negatively influence patients physically and mentally, especially young patients. Advancements in the development of biomaterials have now made three-dimensional (3-D) computer-assisted design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM)-fabricated implants an optimal choice for the repair of skull defects following DC. Here, we summarize the various materials for cranioplasty, including xenogeneic, autogenous, and alloplastic grafts. The processing procedures of the CAD/CAM technique are briefly outlined, and reflected our experiences to reconstruct skull CAD models using commercial software, published previously, to assess aesthetic outcomes of regular 3-D CAD models without contouring elevation or depression. The establishment of a 3-D CAD model ensures a possibility for better aesthetic outcomes of CAM-derived alloplastic implants. Finally, clinical consideration of the CAD algorithms for adjusting contours and their potential application in prospective healthcare are briefly outlined.
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102
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Prager MC, Liss H. Assessment of Digital Workflow in Predoctoral Education and Patient Care in North American Dental Schools. J Dent Educ 2020; 84:350-357. [PMID: 32176346 DOI: 10.21815/jde.019.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Technology has revolutionized the field of dentistry, and digital workflow has become commonplace in everyday dental practices. However, are future practitioners prepared to enter into an increasingly digitized world? The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which digital modalities were being taught to predoctoral dental students and used for patient care in dental schools throughout North America. A 35-question survey was sent in February 2019 to all 76 dental schools in the U.S. and Canada. After 90 days, 54 recorded responses were received, for a 71% response rate. Students were reported to be using CAD/CAM technology in 50 (93%) of the 54 responding schools. While almost all schools responding to the survey were using digital scanning, there was disparity among them in terms of the types and frequency of procedures for which digital impressions were utilized. This study found that the incorporation of CAD/CAM technology in predoctoral dental curricula varied widely. However, it was clear that the relative dearth of well-trained faculty members and the number of CAD/CAM units available to students limited its use. It is imperative that more emphasis is placed on the utilization of digital workflow in North American dental schools for future practitioners to practice contemporary restorative dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C Prager
- Department of Cariology and Comprehensive Care, New York University College of Dentistry
| | - Hannah Liss
- Class of 2020, New York University College of Dentistry
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103
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Neto CF, Santos GC, Santos MJMC. Influence of the Fabrication Technique on the Marginal and Internal Adaptation of Ceramic Onlays. Oper Dent 2020; 45:163-172. [DOI: 10.2341/19-014-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
This study aimed to evaluate the marginal and internal adaptation of partial coverage crowns (ceramic onlays) fabricated with Press, CEREC BlueCam, and CEREC OmniCam systems, using two preparation designs and evaluating the internal discrepancies at different locations. Two phantom maxillary premolars (master teeth) received different preparation designs, with (BX) and without (NB) a modified occlusal box with round internal angles. Sixty IPS e-max ceramic restorations were fabricated with three systems: Press (n=20), CEREC BlueCam (n=20), and CEREC OmniCam (n=20). Both marginal and internal discrepancy width were measured by using a stereomicroscope at ×25 magnification. The data were evaluated statistically using analysis of variance followed by Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference test (α=0.05). The ceramic restorations fabricated with the Press system presented significantly smaller marginal and internal disadaptations than the BlueCam and OmniCam CEREC systems (p<0.0001). Regarding the preparation designs, preparation BX presented the smallest marginal discrepancies for all fabrication systems and larger internal discrepancies than for restorations fabricated with the Press system. The occlusal location presented a larger internal discrepancy compared with the axial locations. Although the three systems resulted in the fabrication of restorations within a clinically acceptable adaptation with marginal discrepancies below 100 μm, the Press system presented the smallest marginal and internal discrepancies. An improved marginal adaptation was observed in the preparation design with a modified occlusal box with rounded internal angles.
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Affiliation(s)
- CF Neto
- Constantino Fernandes Neto, DDS, MSc candidate, Bauru Dental School, Universidade de São Paulo, Bauru SP, Brazil
| | - GC Santos
- Gildo Coelho Santos, DDS, MSc, PhD, associate professor, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - MJMC Santos
- Gildo Coelho Santos, DDS, MSc, PhD, associate professor, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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104
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Studying the Optical 3D Accuracy of Intraoral Scans: An In Vitro Study. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2020; 2020:5739312. [PMID: 32148745 PMCID: PMC7042536 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5739312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There are various scanners available in dental practice with various accuracies. The aim of this study was to compare the 3D capturing accuracy of scans obtained from Trios 3 and Dental Wings scanner. A reference mandibular model was printed from FormLab with reference points in three axes (X, Y, and XY and Z). The printed model was scanned 5 times with 3 scans: normal scan by Trios 3 (Trios 3A), high-resolution scan by Trios 3 (Trios 3B), and normal scan by Dental Wings. After scan, the stereolithography (stl) files were generated. Then, the measurements were made from the computer software using Rhinoceros 3D (Rhino, Robert McNeel & Associates for Windows, Washington DC, USA). The measurements made with digital caliper were taken as control. Statistical analysis was done using one-way ANOVA with post hoc using Sheffe (P < 0.01). Trios 3 presented higher accuracy than Dental Wings and high resolution showed better results. The Dental Wings showed less accuracy at the measurements >50 mm of length and >30 mm in width. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) of control with the Trios 3A and Trios 3B. Similarly, for the measurements in Z-axis, there was no significant difference of control with each scan (Trios 3A, Trios 3B, and Dental Wings). Accuracy of the scan is affected by the length of the scanning area and scanning pattern. It is less recommended to Dental Wings scan >3-unit prosthesis and that crosses the midline.
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105
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Kwong B, Dudley J. A comparison of the marginal gaps of lithium disilicate crowns fabricated by two different intraoral scanners. Aust Dent J 2020; 65:150-157. [PMID: 32037559 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess marginal gaps of CAD/CAM lithium disilicate crowns constructed using two different intraoral scanners of different generations. METHODS Twenty four Columbia model lower left molars were prepared for lithium disilicate crowns in a simulated environment by undergraduate students. The crown preparations were scanned by E4D and Trios 3 intraoral scanners and CAD/CAM lithium disilicate crowns designed and manufactured. The crowns were seated onto the original crown preparations and three vertical marginal gap measurements taken at four locations (mid-buccal, mid-lingual, mid-mesial and mid-distal) using a stereomicroscope. The mean marginal gap (MMG) was calculated for each crown and each individual tooth surface. RESULTS The MMG was not statistically significantly different for the Trios 3 and E4D scanners (P = 0.111). There was no statistically significant effect of measurement location on the tooth on the marginal gap (P = 0.1134). CONCLUSIONS There was no difference in the MMGs of CAD/CAM lithium disilicate crowns constructed using two different intraoral scanners of different generations. Within the limitations of this study, the advances in scanning technology have produced small and insignificant improvements in the accuracy of crown margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kwong
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - J Dudley
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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106
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Paul N, Raghavendra Swamy KN, Dhakshaini MR, Sowmya S, Ravi MB. Marginal and internal fit evaluation of conventional metal-ceramic versus zirconia CAD/CAM crowns. J Clin Exp Dent 2020; 12:e31-e37. [PMID: 31976041 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.55946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this in vivo study was to compare the marginal and internal gap widths of monolithic zirconia crowns fabricated by CAD/CAM technique and metal-ceramic crowns fabricated by conventional technique. Material and Methods 10 participants needing a single restoration were selected. Zirconia crowns using CAD/CAM technology (Group A) (n=10) and metal-ceramic crowns (Group B) (n=10) using lost wax casting technique were fabricated for each selected tooth. The marginal and internal gaps of crowns were recorded using a replica technique with light body silicone material stabilized with a regular set putty. Each replica was sectioned buccolingually and mesiodistally and then evaluated at five pre-determined sites. The points measured were PM for marginal gap, PA for axial gap, PAO for axio-occlusal transition gap and PO and PCO for occlusal gaps using a stereomicroscope at 30× magnification. The Paired Sample (t) test was used to detect significant differences between the two groups in terms of marginal and internal fit (α= 0.05). Results The mean for the marginal gap was 77.42μm (±39.5μm) for Group A compared with 95.86μm (±55.12μm) for Group B. Mean values for internal gap was 87.24 (±21.7 µm) for Group A and 132.91 µm (± 50.63 µm) for Group B. Significant differences were observed between both the groups for marginal (p=.010) and internal (p=.000) fit. Conclusions The CAD/CAM fabricated zirconia crowns demonstrated a better accuracy of fit when compared to metal-ceramic crowns fabricated by conventional technology. Key words:Marginal fit, Internal fit, Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayana Paul
- PG Student, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, J.S.S. Dental College & Hospital, a Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - K N Raghavendra Swamy
- Professor and head, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, J.S.S. Dental College & Hospital, a Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - M R Dhakshaini
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, J.S.S. Dental College & Hospital, a Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjukta Sowmya
- Lecturer, JSS Dental College and Hospital, a Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - M B Ravi
- Reader, JSS Dental College and Hospital, a Constituent College of JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
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107
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Yoo H, Kim H, Min SD, Lee O. Synchrotron radiation‐based analysis of fatigue in dental restorative materials. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 83:472-480. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjong Yoo
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Graduate SchoolSoonchunhyang University Asan City Republic of Korea
| | - Hongsik Kim
- Department of Dental TechnologyGimcheon University Gimcheon City Republic of Korea
| | - Se Dong Min
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Graduate SchoolSoonchunhyang University Asan City Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical IT EngineeringCollege of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University Asan City Republic of Korea
| | - Onseok Lee
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Graduate SchoolSoonchunhyang University Asan City Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical IT EngineeringCollege of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University Asan City Republic of Korea
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108
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Amornvit P, Sanohkan S. The Accuracy of Digital Face Scans Obtained from 3D Scanners: An In Vitro Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E5061. [PMID: 31842255 PMCID: PMC6950499 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16245061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Face scanners promise wide applications in medicine and dentistry, including facial recognition, capturing facial emotions, facial cosmetic planning and surgery, and maxillofacial rehabilitation. Higher accuracy improves the quality of the data recorded from the face scanner, which ultimately, will improve the outcome. Although there are various face scanners available on the market, there is no evidence of a suitable face scanner for practical applications. The aim of this in vitro study was to analyze the face scans obtained from four scanners; EinScan Pro (EP), EinScan Pro 2X Plus (EP+) (Shining 3D Tech. Co., Ltd. Hangzhou, China), iPhone X (IPX) (Apple Store, Cupertino, CA, USA), and Planmeca ProMax 3D Mid (PM) (Planmeca USA, Inc. IL, USA), and to compare scans obtained from various scanners with the control (measured from Vernier caliper). This should help to identify the appropriate scanner for face scanning. A master face model was created and printed from polylactic acid using the resolution of 200 microns on x, y, and z axes and designed in Rhinoceros 3D modeling software (Rhino, Robert McNeel and Associates for Windows, Washington DC, USA). The face models were 3D scanned with four scanners, five times, according to the manufacturer's recommendations; EinScan Pro (Shining 3D Tech. Co., Ltd. Hangzhou, China), EinScan Pro 2X Plus (Shining 3D Tech. Co., Ltd. Hangzhou, China) using Shining Software, iPhone X (Apple Store, Cupertino, CA, USA) using Bellus3D Face Application (Bellus3D, version 1.6.2, Bellus3D, Inc. Campbell, CA, USA), and Planmeca ProMax 3D Mid (PM) (Planmeca USA, Inc. IL, USA). Scan data files were saved as stereolithography (STL) files for the measurements. From the STL files, digital face models are created in the computer using Rhinoceros 3D modeling software (Rhino, Robert McNeel and Associates for Windows, Washington DC, USA). Various measurements were measured five times from the reference points in three axes (x, y, and z) using a digital Vernier caliper (VC) (Mitutoyo 150 mm Digital Caliper, Mitutoyo Co., Kanagawa, Japan), and the mean was calculated, which was used as the control. Measurements were measured on the digital face models of EP, EP+, IPX, and PM using Rhinoceros 3D modeling software (Rhino, Robert McNeel and Associates for Windows, Washington DC, USA). The descriptive statistics were done from SPSS version 20 (IBM Company, Chicago, USA). One-way ANOVA with post hoc using Scheffe was done to analyze the differences between the control and the scans (EP, EP+, IPX, and PM). The significance level was set at p = 0.05. EP+ showed the highest accuracy. EP showed medium accuracy and some lesser accuracy (accurate until 10 mm of length), but IPX and PM showed the least accuracy. EP+ showed accuracy in measuring the 2 mm of depth (diameter 6 mm). All other scanners (EP, IPX, and PM) showed less accuracy in measuring depth. Finally, the accuracy of an optical scan is dependent on the technology used by each scanner. It is recommended to use EP+ for face scanning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sasiwimol Sanohkan
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand;
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109
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Alqarni H, AlHelal A, Kattadiyil MT. Computer-engineered complete denture fabrication with conventional clinical steps: A technique to overcome protocol limitations. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 122:430-434. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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110
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Nagarkar SR, Perdigão J, Seong WJ, Theis-Mahon N. Digital versus conventional impressions for full-coverage restorations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Dent Assoc 2019; 149:139-147.e1. [PMID: 29389337 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary objective of this systematic review was to investigate the survival of full-coverage restorations fabricated by using digital impressions (DIs) versus that of those fabricated by using conventional impressions. The authors also compared secondary outcomes of marginal and internal fit and occlusal and interproximal contacts. TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED The authors conducted a systematic literature search in multiple databases to identify clinical trials with no restrictions by publication type, date, or language. The authors assessed study-level risk of bias and outcome-level strength of evidence. The authors performed a meta-analysis by using a random-effects model. RESULTS Ten studies met the inclusion criteria. The authors identified no studies in which the investigators compared the impression techniques with respect to survival of full-coverage restorations. Mean differences for marginal gap and internal gap were -9.0 micrometers (95% confidence interval, -18.9 to 0.9) and -15.6 μm (95% confidence interval, -42.6 to 11.4), respectively. Studies assessing internal gap were substantially heterogeneous (I2 = 72%; P = .003). CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Research is lacking to draw robust conclusions about the relative benefits of DIs in terms of restoration survival. Low-quality evidence for marginal fit and internal fit suggested similar performance for both techniques. Evidence quality for interproximal contact and occlusal contact was very low and insufficient to draw any conclusions regarding how the impression techniques compared. Given the uncertainty of the evidence, results should be interpreted with caution. With increasing popularity and adoption of digital scanners by dentists, pragmatic practice-based trials involving standardized, patient-centered outcomes may improve confidence in the comparative effectiveness of DIs.
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Abstract
This article describes and illustrates the current state of chairside computer-aided design computer-aided manufacturing technologies and materials. It provides a historical background and discusses the different components of the chairside digital workflow: intraoral scanners, design software, milling machines, and sinter furnaces. The material range available for chairside digital dentistry is broad and includes polymethyl methacrylates, composite resins, and a large variety of ceramics. Clinical applications and success rates of the different material groups are summarized and discussed based on the current scientific evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus B Blatz
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Julian Conejo
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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112
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Lee JD, Jung S, Wang CW, Lee SJ. Integrated Digital and Conventional Treatment Workflow in Guided Complete Mouth Implant Rehabilitation: A Clinical Case Report. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:dj7040100. [PMID: 31581562 PMCID: PMC6960980 DOI: 10.3390/dj7040100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical Implications The integration of both conventional and digital techniques in the treatment workflow can have a synergistic effect that facilitates the treatment of complex complete mouth prosthetic rehabilitations. Abstract The introduction of digital dentistry and CAD/CAM technology has redefined treatment concepts in implant dentistry—computer guided implant placement has become routine practice, and CAD/CAM prostheses are now commonplace. These advances in treatment options and modalities has led to a paradigm shift in the workflow of surgical and restorative treatments. This case report presents a customized staged treatment protocol that involves the strategic retention of teeth to serve as transitional abutments, which will support a computer guided implant surgical guide as well as a fixed interim prosthesis. The treatment protocol also describes an integrated digital and conventional workflow for full mouth implant-supported fixed prosthetic rehabilitations to provide improved patient care with more predictable outcomes and fewer complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D. Lee
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (J.D.L.); (S.J.)
| | - Soomin Jung
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (J.D.L.); (S.J.)
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Chin-Wei Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sang J. Lee
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials Sciences, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (J.D.L.); (S.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-432-3064
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113
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Combining 3D-printed metal and resin for digitally fabricated dentures: A dental technique. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 123:389-392. [PMID: 31540765 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Most digitally fabricated removable dentures are currently available in resin only. To overcome this limitation, digitally fabricated dentures were designed by using a general purpose software program rather than a dental computer-aided design (CAD) software program. The functional cusps were made in metal and the denture base in resin with a 3-dimensional (3D) printer. The 2 outputs were combined to complete the metal-containing digitally fabricated dentures. The technique provides new possibilities for making a variety of digital dental prostheses.
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114
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Al-Shatti R, Dashti G, Philip S, Michael S, Swain M. Size or hierarchical dependence of the elastic modulus of three ceramic-composite CAD/CAM materials. Dent Mater 2019; 35:953-962. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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115
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Manziuc M, Gasparik C, Burde AV, Colosi HA, Negucioiu M, Dudea D. Effect of glazing on translucency, color, and surface roughness of monolithic zirconia materials. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2019; 31:478-485. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela‐Maria Manziuc
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental MaterialsIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Cristina Gasparik
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental MaterialsIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Alexandru V. Burde
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental MaterialsIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Horaţiu A. Colosi
- Department of Medical Informatics and BiostatisticsIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Marius Negucioiu
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental MaterialsIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj‐Napoca Romania
| | - Diana Dudea
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental MaterialsIuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj‐Napoca Romania
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Oh KC, Kim JH, Moon HS. Two-visit placement of immediate dentures with the aid of digital technologies. J Am Dent Assoc 2019; 150:618-623. [PMID: 31103133 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OVERVIEW In this report, the authors describe a combined digital and conventional work flow that enabled placement of immediate dentures in 2 patient visits. CASE DESCRIPTION Digital intraoral impressions and interarch relationship were obtained with an intraoral scanner during the first visit. The residual teeth from the digital intraoral impressions were removed, and a series of modules were used to design trial denture base and occlusal rim assemblies. The assemblies of both arches were fabricated with a 3-dimensional printer and resin material. Dental stone was poured into the intaglio of each assembly to fabricate dental casts. The assemblies and their corresponding dental casts were mounted on the articulator. The portion of the resin occlusal rim was removed, and the artificial teeth were arranged in an alternating manner; the immediate dentures were processed via conventional protocols. During the second visit, these immediate dentures were placed after extraction and relined with a denture relining material. CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Advances in digital technologies have enabled the establishment of treatment plans that would not have been considered previously. The combination of digital and conventional work flow in fabricating immediate dentures has eliminated the risk of experiencing unintentional tooth extraction during impression-making procedures, reduced the number of patient visits for the placement of immediate dentures, and resulted in satisfactory esthetic and functional outcomes.
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Jeong KW, Kim SH. Influence of surface treatments and repair materials on the shear bond strength of CAD/CAM provisional restorations. J Adv Prosthodont 2019; 11:95-104. [PMID: 31080570 PMCID: PMC6491361 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2019.11.2.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of surface treatments and repair materials on the shear bond strength and to measure the fracture toughness of CAD/CAM provisional restoration materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four CAD/CAM (3D printing: Nextdent C&B and ZMD-1000B Temporary, CAD/CAM resin block: Yamahachi PMMA disk and Huge PMMA block) and four conventional (monometacrylate: Jet and Alike, dimetacrylate: Luxatemp and Protemp 4) materials were selected to fabricate disk-shaped specimens and divided into six groups according to surface treatment (n=10). CAD/CAM materials were repaired with Jet or Luxatemp, while conventional materials were repaired with their own materials. The shear bond strength was measured by using universal testing machine. Ten rectangular column-shaped specimens for each material were fabricated to measure the fracture toughness by single edge v notched beam technique. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA. RESULTS The highest shear bond strength of CAD/CAM materials was achieved by SiC paper + sandblasting. It was also accomplished when repairing 3D printing materials with Luxatemp, and repairing CAD/CAM resin blocks with Jet. Yamahachi PMMA disk showed the highest fracture toughness. Nextdent C&B showed the lowest fracture toughness value but no statistically significant difference from Alike and Luxatemp (P>.05). CONCLUSION In order to successfully repair the CAD/CAM provisional restoration, mechanical surface treatment and appropriate repair material according to the CAD/CAM material type should be selected. The CAD/CAM provisional materials have proper mechanical properties for clinical use as compared to conventional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Won Jeong
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hun Kim
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Siegel SC, Kramer SB, Deranek KM. Lean Methods Applied to CAD/CAM Pedagogy in the Dental Simulation Laboratory. J Dent Educ 2019; 83:1081-1091. [PMID: 31010891 DOI: 10.21815/jde.019.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Dental education is incorporating computer-assisted design/computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) into patient care delivery. The aim of this study was to determine if lean production methods applied to the preclinical phase of dental education would reduce the students' time (efficiency) to complete CAD/CAM indirect restorations (CAD/CAM IR) without compromising the desired quality of the CAD/CAM tooth preparations (effectiveness). In 2016, all third-year students at one U.S. dental school were randomly assigned to control and research groups (approximately 33 per group). The control group was taught using existing methods, while the course was redesigned to incorporate lean methods for the research group. Cycle times of the CAD/CAM IR process for both groups were collected and statistically analyzed to compare the effectiveness of the redesign. Standardized grading forms and tools were used to assess the quality of the CAD/CAM tooth preparations. The research group demonstrated significantly faster preparation times with both crowns and onlays (p<0.05) than the control group. The research group also produced CAD/CAM crown and onlay designs at a significantly faster pace than the control group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the control and research groups associated with the scanning process times (p>0.05) nor in the quality of the CAD/CAM tooth preparations (p>0.05). This study demonstrated that lean methods applied to pedagogy significantly decreased preparation and design times in a CAD/CAM restorative dentistry course without compromising the quality of the CAD/CAM tooth preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon C Siegel
- Sharon C. Siegel, DDS, MS, MBA, is Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University; Steven B. Kramer, MS, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Decision Sciences, H. Wayne Huizenga College of Business and Entrepreneurship, Nova Southeastern University; and Kimberly M. Deranek, MS, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Decision Sciences, H. Wayne Huizenga College of Business and Entrepreneurship, Nova Southeastern University.
| | - Steven B Kramer
- Sharon C. Siegel, DDS, MS, MBA, is Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University; Steven B. Kramer, MS, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Decision Sciences, H. Wayne Huizenga College of Business and Entrepreneurship, Nova Southeastern University; and Kimberly M. Deranek, MS, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Decision Sciences, H. Wayne Huizenga College of Business and Entrepreneurship, Nova Southeastern University
| | - Kimberly M Deranek
- Sharon C. Siegel, DDS, MS, MBA, is Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University; Steven B. Kramer, MS, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Decision Sciences, H. Wayne Huizenga College of Business and Entrepreneurship, Nova Southeastern University; and Kimberly M. Deranek, MS, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Decision Sciences, H. Wayne Huizenga College of Business and Entrepreneurship, Nova Southeastern University
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119
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Effects of Different Thickness Combinations of Core and Veneer Ceramics on Optical Properties of CAD-CAM Glass-Ceramics. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5856482. [PMID: 30949503 PMCID: PMC6425410 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5856482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of different core and veneer thicknesses on the translucency (T%), average light transmittance (T), translucency parameter (TP), contrast ratio (CR), and spectral reflectance (R) of glass-ceramics using a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) process. In all, 42 specimens (11mm × 11mm) were prepared and divided into six groups (n = 7 for each group). Core materials (IPS e.max CAD; IPS Empress CAD, LT A2 shade) of different thicknesses (0.8, 1.0, and 1.2mm) were fabricated. Each veneer material (thicknesses of 0.7, 0.5, and 0.3mm) was combined with its compatible core ceramic. Each core material was overlapped with its corresponding veneer material to obtain a 1.5-mm thickness by using three different combinations: (0.8+0.7), (1.0+0.5), and (1.2+0.3) mm. A spectrophotometer and color data software were used to measure the T%, T, TP, CR, and R values of each ceramic. The results were statistically analyzed using two-way analysis of variables (ANOVA) and regression analysis (p<0.05). Two-way ANOVA revealed that T%, T, TP, and CR were significantly influenced by the different thicknesses of the core-veneer combinations (p<0.001). At a certain thickness, as the veneer thickness increased and core thickness decreased, T and T% all increased. Regression analysis of the ceramic materials indicated a reduction in T and T% for certain core-veneer combinations. Analysis also revealed that T% and T were all affected by different core-veneer combinations. The T% value was 74.31 for the EM group and 72.81 for the EP group when the thickness of the core was 1.2 mm and the veneer was 0.3 mm. The R value of EM2 was lower than EM1 and EM3. In conclusion, the optical properties were influenced by different core-veneer combinations.
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120
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Zirconia Use in Dentistry - Manufacturing and Properties. CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2019; 45:28-35. [PMID: 31297259 PMCID: PMC6592671 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.45.01.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Several types of metal-free ceramics have been developed to meet the patients demand for natural looking appearance restorations. Owing to their biocompatibility and good mechanical properties zirconia has been successfully used in recent years as a dental biomaterial. Due to its high opacity zirconia cores are generally covered with ceramic veneers that provide a more natural appearance but have frequent incidence of chipping. As an alternative to veneered zirconia full-contour zirconia restorations become more widely used nowadays. The paper reviews the current knowledge and scientific data of the zirconia use in dentistry in order to compare the zirconia based dental restorations with the metal-ceramic ones and also the two types of dental restoration based on zirconia, veneered or monolithic zirconia.
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121
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Zhang Y, Dudley J. The influence of different cement spaces on the marginal gap of CAD/CAM all-ceramic crowns. Aust Dent J 2019; 64:167-174. [PMID: 30883797 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to measure the marginal gaps of CAD/CAM all-ceramic crowns constructed using different cement spaces on crown preparations created by undergraduate students. METHODS Twenty-four Columbia model lower left first molars with assessed tapers and reduction volumes (RV) were recruited to receive complete coverage E.max crowns. Three E.max crowns were digitally designed and milled for each crown preparation using three different cement spaces: 50 μm (CS-50), 100 μm (CS-100), 200 μm (CS-200). Each crown was seated onto its original crown preparation and three vertical marginal gap measurements were taken at four locations (mid-buccal, mid-lingual, mid-mesial, mid-distal) using a stereomicroscope. The mean marginal gap (MMG) was calculated for each crown and each individual tooth surface. RESULTS The MMG was statistically significantly different for each of the three cement spaces (126 μm for CS-50, 89 μm for CS-100, and 75 μm for CS-200) (P < 0.0001). A taper of between 20 and 30° produced the smallest MMG. Insufficient RV caused significantly larger MMGs. The buccal margin had significantly smaller MMGs than all other measured surfaces. CONCLUSIONS The most accurate margins of digitally designed all-ceramic crowns constructed on simulation teeth prepared by undergraduate students were observed when using a 200 μm cement space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - J Dudley
- Adelaide Dental School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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122
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Kashkari A, Yilmaz B, Brantley WA, Schricker SR, Johnston WM. Fracture analysis of monolithic CAD‐CAM crowns. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2019; 31:346-352. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Kashkari
- Restorative and Esthetic DentistryJohns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare Dhahran Saudi Arabia
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Division of Restorative and Prosthetic DentistryThe Ohio State University, College of Dentistry Columbus Ohio
| | - William A. Brantley
- College of Dentistry, Division of Restorative and Prosthetic DentistryThe Ohio State University Columbus Ohio
| | - Scott R. Schricker
- College of Dentistry, Division of Restorative and Prosthetic DentistryThe Ohio State University Columbus Ohio
| | - William M. Johnston
- College of Dentistry, Division of Restorative and Prosthetic DentistryThe Ohio State University Columbus Ohio
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123
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Turgut S, Kılınç H, Bağış B. Effect of UV aging on translucency of currently used esthetic CAD‐CAM materials. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2019; 31:147-152. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sedanur Turgut
- Faculty of Dentistry, Prosthodontics DepartmentKaradeniz Technical University Trabzon Turkey
| | - Hamiyet Kılınç
- Faculty of Dentistry, Prosthodontics DepartmentBolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Bolu Turkey
| | - Bora Bağış
- Faculty of Dentistry, Prosthodontics Departmentİzmir Katip Çelebi University Turkey
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Indirect Restorations and Fixed Prosthodontics: Materials and Techniques Used by General Dentists of New Zealand. Int J Dent 2019; 2019:5210162. [PMID: 30733804 PMCID: PMC6348825 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5210162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the selection and use of materials and techniques for core buildup, indirect restorations, and fixed prosthodontics by general dentists in New Zealand. Methods A questionnaire comprising 19 sections and 125 questions was distributed via mail to 351 general dentists in New Zealand who were selected from the Dental Council of New Zealand's 2016 register. Results The majority of the respondents (68.8%) reported using resin composite light-cured materials for the core buildup of vital posterior teeth. A large number of respondents (52%) did not use dentine pins, with the majority of them (25%) being recent graduates (<10 years). Fibre posts were used by 61.6% of the dentists surveyed. The majority of dentists (54.6%) reported using addition-cured silicone impression material for crown and bridge impressions. Glass-ionomer cements (37.5% of participants) and resin-modified glass-ionomer cements (35.8%) were the most common luting cements used. Direct resin composite veneers were the preferred material of choice rather than indirect restoration of anterior teeth (40.4%). Conclusions The study showed that New Zealand dentists surveyed are using current state-of-the-art materials and techniques, with their choice of material being greatly influenced by clinical indications and patients aesthetic demands.
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Sotto Maior BS, Filgueiras A, Gonçalves Pinto D, Ferrarez LL, De Oliveira MF, Freitas TADC. Aplicabilidade clínica dos avanços da tecnologia CAD-CAM em Odontologia. HU REVISTA 2019. [DOI: 10.34019/1982-8047.2018.v44.13948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
O avanço tecnológico tem se mostrado um grande aliado em diversas áreas, assim como na odontologia. O surgimento da tecnológica CAD/CAM (Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing) na década de 1950 trouxe outra realidade para a prática clínica diária. Previamente todo o processo laboratorial de trabalhos protéticos era demorado e puramente físico, atualmente a fabricação das peças protéticas demanda um menor tempo devido a utilização do meio digital, o que consequentemente diminui as consultas aos Cirurgiões-Dentistas. A adição de ferramentas digitais no planejamento e na execução dos tratamentos odontológicos alterou completamente o workflow, fazendo com que a busca para um aperfeiçoamento seja constante visando sempre o melhor atendimento e qualidade dos tratamentos realizados. Dessa forma este trabalho tem o objetivo de realizar uma revisão crítica da literatura sobre a aplicabilidade clínica da tecnologia CAD-CAM em Odontologia.
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126
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Lee C, Yamaguchi S, Ohta K, Imazato S. Mechanical properties of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing resin composites assuming perfect silane coupling using in silico homogenization of cryo-electron microscopy images. J Prosthodont Res 2019; 63:90-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Maltar M, Miloš L, Milardović S, Kovačić I, Peršić S, Juroš I, Kranjčić J. Attitudes of the Students from the School of Dental Medicine in Zagreb towards CAD/CAM. Acta Stomatol Croat 2018; 52:322-329. [PMID: 30666063 PMCID: PMC6336451 DOI: 10.15644/asc52/4/6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Due to fast and continuing advances in digital dental technology it is important to provide appropriate CAD/CAM education of preclinical (PS) and clinical (CS) dental students. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitudes on CAD/CAM technology of PS and CS at the School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb since the obtained results can show the level of students’ knowledge and possibly a need for additional education. Materials and methods This study included 216 undergraduate dental students from the School of Dental Medicine in Zagreb: 77 (35.6%) of preclinical students (PS) and 139 (64.4%) of clinical students (CS). All participants filled out the questionnaire specially designed for this study. The obtained data were statistically analyzed with a significance level of p<0.05. Results Most of the students (182, 84.23%) heard about CAD/CAM technology at regular lectures held at the School (p<0.05). Regardless of their level of education, most of the students (204, 94.4%) did not attend any CAD/CAM course which were not held within regular lectures at the School (p<0.05). Most of PS (72, 33.3%) and most of CS (133, 61.6%) participants believe that they are not sufficiently informed about CAD/CAM technology (p<0.05). Conclusion Although most of the students (PS and CS) heard about CAD/CAM technology, it could be concluded that they are not sufficiently informed and that additional education on CAD/CAM technology is required. Also, CS students do not posses greater knowledge about CAD/CAM technology than PS students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Maltar
- Sixth year undergraduate student, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucija Miloš
- Sixth year undergraduate student, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Slađana Milardović
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ines Kovačić
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Peršić
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Juroš
- Clinical Department of Prosthodontics, Clinical Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Kranjčić
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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128
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Anitua E, Flores C, Piñas L, Alkhraisat MH. Frequency of Technical Complications in Fixed Implant Prosthesis: The Effect of Prosthesis Screw Emergence Correction by Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2018; 44:427-431. [DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-17-00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology permits the angular correction of screw emergence into the prosthesis; however, there is lack of controlled clinical studies that assess the frequency of technical complications in angled screw channel restorations. This controlled clinical study was designed to assess technical incidences in angled screw channel restorations. Patients who underwent placement of implant prosthesis between November 2014 and December 2015 were screened. The patients were selected if they received a prosthesis with up to 30° correction of the prosthesis screw emergence and had at least 1 nonangulated prosthesis (screw retained). All prostheses were located completely/partially in the posterior region. The frequency of technical complications was the principal variable. A total of 52 patients with a mean age of 62 ± 10 years participated, with a total of 110 prostheses (55 in the test group and 55 in the control group). A total of 11 technical complications occurred (7 in the test group and 4 in the control group). These differences were not statistically significant. All prostheses in both groups survived the follow-up. The correction of the screw emergence into the prosthesis has not increased the risk of technical complications in CAD-CAM implant prostheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Anitua
- Private practice in oral implantology, Clínica Eduardo Anitua, Vitoria, Spain
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology–UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Carlos Flores
- Private practice in oral implantology, Clínica Eduardo Anitua, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Laura Piñas
- Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mohammad Hamdan Alkhraisat
- University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology–UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
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129
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Kim JE, Park JH, Moon HS, Shim JS. Complete assessment of occlusal dynamics and establishment of a digital workflow by using target tracking with a three-dimensional facial scanner. J Prosthodont Res 2018; 63:120-124. [PMID: 30446410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To introduce a new and simple digital workflow to record dynamic occlusion, and apply it to occlusal analysis and prosthetic treatment in a virtual environment. METHODS A table-top scanner (Identica hybrid) was used to transfer fabricated casts into a virtual environment. A facial scanner (Rexcan CS2) was used for facial scanning and target tracking. Four targets were attached to each of the four incisors in the maxilla and mandible to track jaw movement. Target position data were recorded in real time during eccentric movement. The targets were replaced with maxilla and mandible cast scan data, and mandibular movement relative to the maxilla was reconstructed. Four types of antagonist meshes were reconstructed in computer-aided design (CAD) software (EzScan8). The CAD software (Exocad) enabled checking of occlusal contacts in the maximal intercuspation position during eccentric movement. CONCLUSIONS Target tracking data were transformed into video clips of dental cast scan data, which showed jaw movements in real time. Occlusal contact information was produced by the CAD software. Both dynamic and static occlusion analyses were performed with reconstructed eccentric movement antagonist meshes. Our new method for reconstructing eccentric movements of the mandible can reveal the occlusal dynamics of a patient within a virtual environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Eun Kim
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Ji-Hyun Park
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Hong-Seok Moon
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - June-Sung Shim
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
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130
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Talic R, Alfadda SA. Internal Adaptation of Implant-Supported, Polymer-Infused Ceramic Crowns Fabricated by Two CAD/CAM Systems. J Prosthodont 2018; 27:868-876. [PMID: 30350377 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the internal 3D adaptation of polymer-infused ceramic crowns fabricated using two CAD/CAM systems: CEREC inLab MC XL and Ceramill Motion 2 (5X). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-five implant-supported metal-ceramic crowns were fabricated conventionally using the lost-wax technique, and the outer contour was scanned to serve as a guide for designing the polymer-infused ceramic CAD/CAM crowns. Twenty-five crowns were fabricated using CEREC, and 25 crowns were fabricated using Ceramill. The cement space was set to 20 μm. The Zeiss Accura Microsystem Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM), Calypso, and Geomagic software were used to measure the 3D accuracy of fit of all crowns to their respective implant abutments. To test for the statistical significance between groups in terms of 3D total distortion, a one-way ANOVA was conducted. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to investigate the differences in the x, y, and z coordinates. A p-value of 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant at an alpha level of 0.05. RESULTS Comparing the 3D misfit of metal-ceramic crowns to those of CAD/CAM crowns fabricated using CEREC revealed no significant difference (88.20 ± 36.59 μm vs. 102.45 ± 36.58 μm, p = 0.161). Similarly, no significant difference in 3D total distortion was identified between metal-ceramic crowns and crowns fabricated using Ceramill (88.20 ± 36.59 μm vs. 78.40 ± 31.03 μm, p = 0.336); however, the 3D total distortion of polymer-infused crowns made by Ceramill was significantly reduced compared to that of crowns fabricated by CEREC (78.3 ± 31.0 μm vs. 102.4 ± 36.5 μm, p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS Polymer-infused ceramic crowns fabricated using CEREC exhibited the least accurate 3D fit. All misfit values of the tested groups were within clinically acceptable levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Talic
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara A Alfadda
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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131
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Abasolo M, Aguirrebeitia J, Vallejo J, Albizuri J, Coria I. Influence of vertical misfit in screw fatigue behavior in dental implants: A three-dimensional finite element approach. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2018; 232:1117-1128. [PMID: 30319022 DOI: 10.1177/0954411918806325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Misfit is unavoidable in dental implant-supported prostheses due to machining process or inappropriate assembling, and the definition of an admissible misfit is still a controversial issue. This work aims to understand the behavior of the screws in dental implant-supported prostheses to estimate an admissible vertical misfit value in terms of screw fatigue failure. For that purpose, a finite element model of a dental implant-supported prosthesis was created and analyzed. Vertical misfits were introduced in different positions, the lower and upper screws were tightened to the bolting force values recommended by the manufacturer, and two different occlusal loads were analyzed. In addition, two different prosthesis materials were studied. Screw load variations were reported and a fatigue analysis was performed. As a result, it was observed that the screw tightening sequence closed small vertical misfits (equal to or less than 40 µm), whereas larger misfits (more than 40 µm) remained open. If the vertical misfit is closed by the end of the tightening sequence, it may be considered equivalent to the ideal fit situation in regard to screw fatigue failure. The prosthesis material had no significant influence on the fatigue behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Abasolo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Josu Aguirrebeitia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Javier Vallejo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Joseba Albizuri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ibai Coria
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
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Atala MH, Atala N, Yeğin E, Bayrak S. Comparison of radiopacity of current restorative CAD/CAM blocks with digital radiography. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2018; 31:88-92. [PMID: 30302898 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While the radiopacity of restorative material affects the radiographic diagnosis of the teeth, there is no data about the radiopacity of current restorative computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) materials. Therefore, the present study compared the radiopacity values of current restorative CAD/CAM blocks to facilitate the material choice within such a wide variety of materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens were prepared from 13 different restorative CAD/CAM blocks to compare with enamel and dentin. The specimens placed on the occlusal phosphor plate were imaged with aluminum step wedge and tooth section. The radiopacity values were calculated using the Image J program. The radiopacity values of the specimens were converted to mmAl values with the Curve Expert 1.4 program. RESULTS The difference between the radiopacity values of dentin and e.max CAD was not significant, however, they exhibited a significant difference from the other 14 groups (P < .05). Enamel and Obsidien, Suprinity, and Celtra Duo had greater radiopacity values with significant differences from the other 12 materials whereas the difference within these groups was not significant (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS The evaluated restorative CAD/CAM materials have significantly different radiopacity values. Among these permanent restoration blocks, the highest radiopacity value was observed in Celtra Duo, the lowest in Block HC. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Cerasmart, Lava Ultimate, Obsidian, Vita Suprinity, Celtra Duo Blocks have adequate radiopacity for inlay, onlay and crown restorations, however, the use of Vita Enamic, Vita Mark II, GC LRF blocks and the others which have lower radiopacity value than dentin for the same kind of restorations depend on the radiopacity of the luting cement for the purpose of recurrent caries detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa H Atala
- Assistant Professor Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Nagehan Atala
- Research Assistant Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Elif Yeğin
- Assistant Professor Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seval Bayrak
- Assistant Professor Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
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133
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Sha HN, Choi SH, Yu HS, Hwang CJ, Cha JY, Kim KM. Debonding force and shear bond strength of an array of CAD/CAM-based customized orthodontic brackets, placed by indirect bonding- An In Vitro study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202952. [PMID: 30204811 PMCID: PMC6133347 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on three-dimensional scanning and computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) techniques, customized bracket systems are increasingly used. However, data remain limited regarding customized bracket design, characteristics, and stability. This study was undertaken to evaluate the design, bond strength, and residual adhesives of four different CAD/CAM customized brackets that were attached to human tooth specimens by indirect bonding. Thirty extracted human upper premolars were divided into five groups: Group 1, preadjusted self-ligating labial metal bracket; Group 2, lingual self-ligating metal injection molding customized bracket; Group 3, gold-casted lingual customized bracket; Group 4, labial self-ligating milled customized bracket; Group 5, labial customized resin base bracket. Except in Group 1, premolar specimens were scanned via model scanner, and the images were sent to each manufacturing company to fabricate customized brackets and transfer trays/jigs. Debonding force (DF; N) was measured by Instron universal testing machine and shear bond strength (SBS; MPa) was calculated via dividing DF by bonding area. Adhesive remnants were analyzed via stereo microscopic images. Group 2 (196.90±82.75 N) exhibited significantly higher DF than Group 1 (62.77±12.65 N); other groups exhibited similar DFs, compared with Group 1. No customized bracket groups exhibited significant differences in SBS, relative to Group 1 (6.73±1.36 MPa). However, SBS in Group 5 (11.46±7.22 MPa) was significantly higher than in Group 3 (3.58±2.14 MPa). Group 3 had significantly lower ARI scores than other groups (P<0.05). Customized brackets exhibited large deviations in DF and SBS; all customized bracket systems exhibited DF that was equivalent or superior to that of preadjusted brackets, even when placed by indirect bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Na Sha
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Seog Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chung-Ju Hwang
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Yul Cha
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
| | - Kwang-Mahn Kim
- Department and Research institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, and Brain Korea 21 PLUS project, Seoul, Korea
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134
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Mizumoto RM, Yilmaz B. Intraoral scan bodies in implant dentistry: A systematic review. J Prosthet Dent 2018; 120:343-352. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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135
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Survey on the use of CAD-CAM technology by UK and Irish dental technicians. Br Dent J 2018; 222:689-693. [PMID: 28496253 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2017.407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Statement of the problem Digital workflows (CAD/CAM) have been introduced in dentistry during recent years. No published information exists on dental technicians' use and reporting of this technology.Purpose The aim of this cross sectional survey was to identify the extent digital technology has infiltrated the workplace and to investigate the factors affecting the use of CAD-CAM technology by dental laboratory technicians within Ireland and the UK.Materials and methods A web-based questionnaire was composed (Opinio, Object Planet Inc. Oslo, Norway) and distributed to UK and Irish dental technicians. Answers to all questions were anonymous and grouped such that general information was gathered initially, followed by branching of the survey into two sections depending on whether or not the respondent worked with CAD-CAM technology. Results were compiled and statistical analysis (Fisher's Exact test, SPSS, IBM, Armonk, New York, USA) was performed in order to investigate any correlation between various demographic variables and the answers provided.Results The survey was distributed to 760 UK technicians and 77 Irish technicians. The total number of completed surveys was 105, which yielded a total response rate of 14%. Most technicians reported using some form of CAD/CAM aspect in the workflow, and this was more significant for technicians working in large laboratories. Most training received was company-led. Large laboratories were also significantly correlated with less outsourcing of CAD/CAM work and a change in dental material use leading to the increase of zirconia and the decrease of noble alloys. Dental technicians did not report any significant change in working relationships and staffing as a result of CAD/CAM incorporation. High initial investment cost was the most common reason quoted from non-users, along with the lack of such technology in their working environment.
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136
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Influence of Manufacturing Methods of Implant-Supported Crowns on External and Internal Marginal Fit: A Micro-CT Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5049605. [PMID: 29607321 PMCID: PMC5828102 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5049605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the influence of different manufacturing methods of single implant-supported metallic crowns on the internal and external marginal fit through computed microtomography. Methods Forty external hexagon implants were divided into 4 groups (n = 8), according to the manufacturing method: GC, conventional casting; GI, induction casting; GP, plasma casting; and GCAD, CAD/CAM machining. The crowns were attached to the implants with insertion torque of 30 N·cm. The external (vertical and horizontal) marginal fit and internal fit were assessed through computed microtomography. Internal and external marginal fit data (μm) were submitted to a one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = .05). Qualitative evaluation of the images was conducted by using micro-CT. Results The statistical analysis revealed no significant difference between the groups for vertical misfit (P = 0.721). There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) for the internal and horizontal marginal misfit in the groups GC, GI, and GP, but it was found for the group GCAD (P ≤ 0.05). Qualitative analysis revealed that most of the samples of cast groups exhibited crowns underextension while the group GCAD showed overextension. Conclusions The manufacturing method of the crowns influenced the accuracy of marginal fit between the prosthesis and implant. The best results were found for the crowns fabricated through CAD/CAM machining.
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137
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Mechanical and optical properties of monolithic CAD-CAM restorative materials. J Prosthet Dent 2018; 119:593-599. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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138
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Okada R, Asakura M, Ando A, Kumano H, Ban S, Kawai T, Takebe J. Fracture strength testing of crowns made of CAD/CAM composite resins. J Prosthodont Res 2018; 62:287-292. [PMID: 29605190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) composite resin crowns have sufficient strength to withstand the bite force of the molar teeth. The null hypothesis was that the fracture strength of CAD/CAM composite resin crowns is lower than the average maximum bite force of the molar tooth. METHODS The crowns, which shape is the right maxillary first molar, were fabricated using four CAD/CAM blanks made of composite resins (Block HC: HC, KZR-CAD HR: HR, KZR-CAD HR2: HR2, Avencia Block: AVE) and one CAD/CAM blank made of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (IPS e.max CAD: IPS), which was used as a control. Fracture strength of fabricated crowns bonded to metal abutment and biaxial flexural strength of the materials were evaluated. RESULTS The results of fracture strength test and biaxial flexural strength test showed different tendencies. The fracture strength of CAD/CAM composite resin crowns except HC ranged from 3.3kN to 3.9kN, and was similar to that of IPS (3.3kN). In contrast, biaxial flexural strength of CAD/CAM composite resins ranged from 175MPa to 247MPa, and was significantly lower than that of IPS (360MPa). CONCLUSIONS All CAD/CAM composite resin crowns studied presented about 3-4 times higher fracture strength than the average maximum bite force of the molar tooth (700-900N), which result leads to the conclusion that CAD/CAM composite resin crowns would have sufficient strength to withstand the bite force of the molar teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Okada
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Masaki Asakura
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Akihiro Ando
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kumano
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Seiji Ban
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Tatsushi Kawai
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya , Japan
| | - Jun Takebe
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
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139
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Andrade JP, Stona D, Bittencourt HR, Borges GA, Burnett LH, Spohr AM. Effect of Different Computer-aided Design/Computer-aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) Materials and Thicknesses on the Fracture Resistance of Occlusal Veneers. Oper Dent 2018. [PMID: 29513638 DOI: 10.2341/17-131-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate, in vitro, the influence of different computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials (IPS e.max CAD, Vita Enamic, and Lava Ultimate) and thicknesses (0.6 mm and 1.5 mm) on the fracture resistance of occlusal veneers. Sixty human third molars were prepared to simulate advanced erosion of the occlusal surface, and the teeth were randomly divided into six experimental groups (n=10) according to the material and thickness used to build the veneers. Ten sound teeth formed the control group. The veneers were adhesively luted and submitted to mechanical cyclic loading (1 million cycles at 200-N load). The fracture resistance test was performed in a universal testing machine. The failures were classified as "reparable" and "irreparable." According to two-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test, the interaction (material × thickness) was significant ( p=0.013). The highest fracture resistance was obtained for IPS e.max CAD at a 1.5-mm thickness (4995 N) and was significantly higher compared to the other experimental groups ( p<0.05). The lowest fracture resistance was obtained for Vita Enamic at 0.6 mm (2973 N), although this resistance was not significantly different from those for IPS e.max CAD at 0.6 mm (3067 N), Lava Ultimate at 0.6 mm (3384 N), Vita Enamic at 1.5 mm (3540 N), and Lava Ultimate at 1.5 mm (3584 N) ( p>0.05). The experimental groups did not differ significantly from the sound teeth (3991 N) ( p>0.05). The failures were predominantly repairable. The occlusal veneers of IPS e.max CAD, Vita Enamic, and Lava Ultimate, with thicknesses of 0.6 mm and 1.5 mm, obtained fracture resistances similar to those associated with sound teeth.
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140
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Tekçe N, Tuncer S, Demirci M, Kara D, Baydemir C. Microtensile Bond Strength of CAD/CAM Resin Blocks to Dual-Cure Adhesive Cement: The Effect of Different Sandblasting Procedures. J Prosthodont 2018; 28:e485-e490. [PMID: 29430807 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of sandblasting powder particles on microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of dual-cure adhesive cement to CAD/CAM blocks. MATERIALS AND METHODS CAD/CAM blocks (Cerasmart, VITA, and LAVA) were cut in slabs and divided into groups: group 1, no sandblasting; group 2, sandblasted with 27-μm Al2 O3 ; group 3, sandblasted with 30-μm CoJet; group 4, sandblasted with 50-μm Al2 O3 . After sandblasting, all specimens were silanized and luted using dual-cure adhesive cement (G-CEM LinkForce). After 24 hours, bonded specimens were cut into 1 ± 0.2 mm2 sticks, and μTBS values were obtained (N = 30). Additionally, 132 CAD/CAM block sections were prepared for surface roughness testing and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) evaluations. Results were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis One-way ANOVA and Dunn's Post Hoc Test (p < 0.05). RESULTS Group 1 exhibited significantly lower μTBS than the other groups (p < 0.05). The highest bond strength values were obtained from group 4 (p > 0.05). For LAVA, μTBS values of specimens that were sandblasted with 50-μm Al2 O3 powder were significantly higher than 30-μm-SiO2 and 27-μm Al2 O3 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The sand particles investigated (27-μm Al2 O3 , 30-μm SiO2 , or 50-μm Al2 O3 ) did not significantly affect μTBS results of CAD/CAM blocks for Cerasmart and VITA, although the results changed significantly for LAVA. The ideal bond protocol for CAD/CAM blocks is specific to the material used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Tekçe
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Kocaeli, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Safa Tuncer
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Demirci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilan Kara
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Kocaeli, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Canan Baydemir
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Kocaeli, Kocaeli, Turkey
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141
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Gali S, K R, Murthy BVS, Basu B. Zirconia toughened mica glass ceramics for dental restorations. Dent Mater 2018; 34:e36-e45. [PMID: 29395467 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study is to understand the role of yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) in achieving the desired spectrum of clinically relevant mechanical properties (hardness, elastic modulus, fracture toughness and brittleness index) and chemical solubility of mica glass ceramics. METHODS The glass-zirconia mixtures with varying amounts of YSZ (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20wt.%) were ball milled, compacted and sintered to obtain pellets of glass ceramic-YSZ composites. Phase analysis was carried out using X-ray diffraction and microstructural characterization with SEM revealed the crystal morphology of the composites. Mechanical properties such as Vickers hardness, elastic modulus, indentation fracture toughness and chemical solubility were assessed. RESULTS Phase analysis of sintered pellets of glass ceramic-YSZ composites revealed the characteristic peaks of fluorophlogopite (FPP) and tetragonal zirconia. Microstructural investigation showed plate and lath-like interlocking mica crystals with embedded zirconia. Vickers hardness of 9.2GPa, elastic modulus of 125GPa, indentation toughness of 3.6MPa·m1/2, and chemical solubility of 30μg/cm2 (well below the permissible limit) were recorded with mica glass ceramics containing 20wt.% YSZ. SIGNIFICANCE An increase in hardness and toughness of the glass ceramic-YSZ composites with no compromise on their brittleness index and chemical solubility has been observed. Such spectrum of properties can be utilised for developing a machinable ceramic for low stress bearing inlays, onlays and veneers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaranjani Gali
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Ravikumar K
- Materials Research Centre, Laboratory for Biomaterials, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - B V S Murthy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Bikramjit Basu
- Materials Research Centre, Laboratory for Biomaterials, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.
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142
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Dureja I, Yadav B, Malhotra P, Dabas N, Bhargava A, Pahwa R. A comparative evaluation of vertical marginal fit of provisional crowns fabricated by computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing technique and direct (intraoral technique) and flexural strength of the materials: An in vitro study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2018; 18:314-320. [PMID: 30449959 PMCID: PMC6180741 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_306_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: With the advent of new provisional crown materials, it has become imperative to evaluate their marginal fit and strength to select the ideal provisional crown material. Aim: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the vertical marginal fit and flexural strength of provisional crowns prepared using computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) temporary material versus those fabricated using bis-acrylic composite-based autopolymerizing resin material. Materials and Methods: Eighty samples were divided into two equal Groups (I and II). Group I consisted of forty samples that were evaluated for flexural strength and Group II consisted of forty samples that were evaluated for their vertical marginal fit. Group I was subdivided as Group IA, i.e., bis-acrylic composite-based autopolymerizing resin material (Protemp™ 4) blocks and Group IB, i.e., CAD/CAM provisional material blocks. Similarly, Group II was subdivided as Group IIA, i.e., bis-acrylic composite-based autopolymerizing resin material (Protemp™ 4) crowns and Group IIB, i.e., CAD/CAM provisional material crowns. Marginal adaptation was evaluated using stereomicroscope and image analyzing software to measure the amount of marginal gap. For flexural strength, all specimens were subjected to a standard compression load in the universal testing machine until fracture occurred. Data were analyzed using Student's t-test (P = 0.001). Results: CAD/CAM provisional crowns showed better marginal adaptation (34.34 μm) as compared to bis-acrylic composite-based autopolymerizing resin material (Protemp™ 4) crowns (63.42 μm) (P < 0.001). The flexural strength of CAD/CAM blocks (94.06 megapascals [MPa]) was not statistically different from bis-acrylic composite-based autopolymerizing resin material (Protemp™ 4) blocks (101.41 MPa) (P > 0.001). Conclusion: Protemp™ 4 and CAD/CAM provisional materials have comparable flexural strength. However, the marginal fit of temporary crowns fabricated by CAD/CAM was found to be superior to the ones fabricated using bis-acrylic composite-based autopolymerizing resin material (Protemp™ 4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Dureja
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Bhupender Yadav
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Puja Malhotra
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Nupur Dabas
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Akshay Bhargava
- Department of Prosthodontics, ITS Dental College, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ripul Pahwa
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
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143
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Bellan MC, Cunha PFJSD, Tavares JG, Spohr AM, Mota EG. Microtensile bond strength of CAD/CAM materials to dentin under different adhesive strategies. Braz Oral Res 2017; 31:e109. [PMID: 29267670 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mariá Cortina Bellan
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – PUC-RS, Brazil
| | | | - Julieta Gomes Tavares
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – PUC-RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Spohr
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – PUC-RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Gonçalves Mota
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – PUC-RS, Brazil
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144
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Lambert H, Durand JC, Jacquot B, Fages M. Dental biomaterials for chairside CAD/CAM: State of the art. J Adv Prosthodont 2017; 9:486-495. [PMID: 29279770 PMCID: PMC5741454 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2017.9.6.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The wide use of chairside CAD/CAM restorations has increased the diversity of the restorative material. For the practitioner, the selection of the appropriate material is difficult amongst the variety offered by the market. Information on the characteristics of the products can be difficult to assess due to the lack of up-to-date classification and the lack of reliability of manufacturer's advertising. The purpose of this article is to structure the data on restorative materials provided by various sources in order for the practitioner to choose the product most suited to the clinical situation. The objective is to classify chairside CAD/CAM materials and to define their characteristics and indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Lambert
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Cédric Durand
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire de Bioingénérie et Nanosciences, EA 4203, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Bruno Jacquot
- Preventive Department, Faculty of Odontology, Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Fages
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire de Bioingénérie et Nanosciences, EA 4203, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
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145
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Mesmar S, Ruse ND. Interfacial Fracture Toughness of Adhesive Resin Cement-Lithium-Disilicate/Resin-Composite Blocks. J Prosthodont 2017; 28:e243-e251. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samer Mesmar
- Specialist prosthodontist in private practice; Montreal QC Canada
| | - N. Dorin Ruse
- Division of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry; The University of British; Columbia Vancouver Canada
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146
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Afshari FS, Sukotjo C, Alfaro MF, McCombs J, Campbell SD, Knoernschild KL, Yuan JCC. Integration of Digital Dentistry into a Predoctoral Implant Program: Program Description, Rationale, and Utilization Trends. J Dent Educ 2017; 81:986-994. [PMID: 28765443 DOI: 10.21815/jde.017.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A recently revised predoctoral implant curriculum at the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry integrated digital dentistry into both the preclinical dental implant course and clinical activities. Traditionally, competence in the didactic and clinical parts of predoctoral education in single tooth implant restorations has emphasized the analog impression technique and subsequent mounting of soft tissue working casts. However, computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) implant restorations can play a significant role in predoctoral dental education utilizing digital technologies. The goal of the curriculum expansion is to transition from analog to partially digital and, finally, complete digital workflow. The aim of this article is to describe the specific components, implementation, and rationale for the new digitally integrated implant curriculum and present short-term clinical utilization trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh S Afshari
- Dr. Afshari is Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Sukotjo is Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Alfaro is a prosthodontics resident, Department of Biological and Materials Sciences and Division of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan; Dr. McCombs is a dental graduate of the College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Campbell is Professor and Head, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Knoernschild is Professor and Program Director of Advanced Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; and Dr. Yuan is Associate Professor and Predoctoral Implant Program Director, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Cortino Sukotjo
- Dr. Afshari is Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Sukotjo is Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Alfaro is a prosthodontics resident, Department of Biological and Materials Sciences and Division of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan; Dr. McCombs is a dental graduate of the College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Campbell is Professor and Head, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Knoernschild is Professor and Program Director of Advanced Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; and Dr. Yuan is Associate Professor and Predoctoral Implant Program Director, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Maria F Alfaro
- Dr. Afshari is Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Sukotjo is Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Alfaro is a prosthodontics resident, Department of Biological and Materials Sciences and Division of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan; Dr. McCombs is a dental graduate of the College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Campbell is Professor and Head, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Knoernschild is Professor and Program Director of Advanced Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; and Dr. Yuan is Associate Professor and Predoctoral Implant Program Director, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Jeri McCombs
- Dr. Afshari is Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Sukotjo is Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Alfaro is a prosthodontics resident, Department of Biological and Materials Sciences and Division of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan; Dr. McCombs is a dental graduate of the College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Campbell is Professor and Head, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Knoernschild is Professor and Program Director of Advanced Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; and Dr. Yuan is Associate Professor and Predoctoral Implant Program Director, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Stephen D Campbell
- Dr. Afshari is Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Sukotjo is Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Alfaro is a prosthodontics resident, Department of Biological and Materials Sciences and Division of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan; Dr. McCombs is a dental graduate of the College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Campbell is Professor and Head, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Knoernschild is Professor and Program Director of Advanced Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; and Dr. Yuan is Associate Professor and Predoctoral Implant Program Director, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Kent L Knoernschild
- Dr. Afshari is Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Sukotjo is Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Alfaro is a prosthodontics resident, Department of Biological and Materials Sciences and Division of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan; Dr. McCombs is a dental graduate of the College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Campbell is Professor and Head, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Knoernschild is Professor and Program Director of Advanced Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; and Dr. Yuan is Associate Professor and Predoctoral Implant Program Director, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Judy Chia-Chun Yuan
- Dr. Afshari is Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Sukotjo is Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Alfaro is a prosthodontics resident, Department of Biological and Materials Sciences and Division of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan; Dr. McCombs is a dental graduate of the College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Campbell is Professor and Head, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; Dr. Knoernschild is Professor and Program Director of Advanced Prosthodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago; and Dr. Yuan is Associate Professor and Predoctoral Implant Program Director, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago.
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Comparison of the accuracy of direct and indirect three-dimensional digitizing processes for CAD/CAM systems – An in vitro study. J Prosthodont Res 2017; 61:177-184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Esthetic Rehabilitation of Anterior Teeth with Copy-Milled Restorations: A Report of Two Cases. Case Rep Dent 2017; 2017:2841398. [PMID: 28326203 PMCID: PMC5343241 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2841398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Digitalization has become part and parcel of contemporary prosthodontics with the probability of most of the procedures being based on the digital techniques in the near future. This digital revolution started in the latter half of the 20th century by converting analog objects/signals into digital bits and bytes. Recent developments in all-ceramic materials and systems of computer-aided designing and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), copy milling, and so forth offer excellent esthetics and superb biocompatibility. Copy milling system for ceramics enables milling of the zirconia cores of all-ceramic restorations precisely and also if this system is properly used the procedure for fabricating all-ceramic restorations can be substantially simplified. This case report presents fabrication of all-ceramic Maryland Bridge and post-core with a copy milling system for esthetics and preservation of integrity of tooth. For both of the patients, the use of biologic, all-ceramic, copy-milled restorations resulted in clinical success and recovered function and esthetics.
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149
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Park JH, Kim JE, Shim JS. Digital workflow for a dental prosthesis that considers lateral mandibular relation. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 117:340-344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Sakornwimon N, Leevailoj C. Clinical marginal fit of zirconia crowns and patients' preferences for impression techniques using intraoral digital scanner versus polyvinyl siloxane material. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 118:386-391. [PMID: 28222872 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The use of digital intraoral scanners is increasing; however, evidence of its precision in making crown impressions clinically remains scarce. Patients should also feel more comfortable with digital impressions, but only a few studies evaluating this subject have been performed. PURPOSE The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the marginal fit of monolithic zirconia crowns and patients' preferences for digital impressions versus polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) impressions. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixteen participants with indications for single molar crowns were included. After crown preparation, digital impressions by intraoral scanner and PVS impressions were made. The participants were asked to complete a 6-item questionnaire with a visual analog scale related to perceptions of each of the following topics: time involved, taste/smell, occlusal registration, size of impression tray/scanner, gag reflex, and overall preference. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing monolithic zirconia crowns were fabricated from both impressions. The crowns were evaluated intraorally, and a blinded examiner measured the marginal discrepancy of silicone replicas under a stereomicroscope. Intraexaminer reliability was evaluated by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient. Data for patients' preferences and marginal discrepancies were analyzed using the paired t test (α=.05). RESULTS Visual analog scale scores for digital impressions were statistically significantly higher than those for PVS impressions in every topic (P<.05), except for occlusal registration. The results showed excellent reliability of the examiner with an intraclass correlation coefficient of .996. No significant difference was found in marginal discrepancies between the PVS group and the digital group on all sides (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS No differences were found in the clinical marginal fit of zirconia crowns fabricated from either digital impressions compared with PVS impressions. Furthermore, patients' satisfaction with digital impressions was significantly higher than with conventional impressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawapat Sakornwimon
- Graduate student, Esthetic Restorative and Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chalermpol Leevailoj
- Associate Professor and Program Director, Esthetic Restorative and Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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