101
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Yuan J, Peng G, Xiao G, Yang Z, Huang J, Liu Q, Yang Z, Liu D. Xanthohumol suppresses glioblastoma via modulation of Hexokinase 2 -mediated glycolysis. J Cancer 2020; 11:4047-4058. [PMID: 32368287 PMCID: PMC7196271 DOI: 10.7150/jca.33045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of aerobic glycolysis is a common phenomenon in human cancers, including glioblastoma (GBM). In the present study, we demonstrated that the natural compound xanthohumol has a profound anti-tumor effect on GBM via direct inhibition of glycolysis. Xanthohumol suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation of GBM cells, and significantly impaired glucose metabolism via inhibiting Hexokinase 2 (HK2) expression. We demonstrated that down-regulation of c-Myc was required for xanthohumol-induced decrease of HK2. Xanthohumol destabilization of c-Myc, and promoted FBW7-mediated ubiquitination of c-Myc. Xanthohumol attenuated Akt activity and inhibited the activation of GSK3β, resulted in c-Myc degradation. Overexpression of Myr-Akt1 significantly rescued xanthohumol-mediated c-Myc inhibition and glycolysis suppression. Finally, the xanthohumol-mediated down-regulation of the PI3-K/Akt-GSK3beta-FBW7 signaling axis promoted the destabilization of c-Myc. Finally, the animal results demonstrated that xanthohumol substantially inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Collectively, xanthohumol appears to be a promising new anti-tumor agent with the therapeutic potential for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neuro-oncology at Hunan, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Gang Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neuro-oncology at Hunan, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Gelei Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhuanyi Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neuro-oncology at Hunan, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Zhiquan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Dingyang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neuro-oncology at Hunan, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
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102
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RSP5 Positively Regulates the Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Activating the K63-Linked Ubiquitination of Akt. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:7073805. [PMID: 32322280 PMCID: PMC7165343 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7073805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that have a strong osteogenic differentiation capacity. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs remains largely unknown and thus hinders further development of MSC-based cell therapies for bone repair in the clinic. RSP5, also called NEDD4L (NEDD4-like E3 ubiquitin protein ligase), belongs to the HECT (homologous to E6-AP carboxyl terminus) domain-containing E3 ligase family. Nevertheless, although many studies have been conducted to elucidate the role of RSP5 in various biological processes, its effect on osteogenesis remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression of RSP5 was elevated during the osteogenesis of MSCs and positively regulated the osteogenic capacity of MSCs by inducing K63-linked polyubiquitination and activation of the Akt pathway. Taken together, our findings suggest that RSP5 may be a promising target to improve therapeutic efficiency by using MSCs for bone regeneration and repair.
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103
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Huang X, Gu H, Zhang E, Chen Q, Cao W, Yan H, Chen J, Yang L, Lv N, He J, Yi Q, Cai Z. The NEDD4-1 E3 ubiquitin ligase: A potential molecular target for bortezomib sensitivity in multiple myeloma. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:1963-1978. [PMID: 31390487 PMCID: PMC7027789 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
E3 ubiquitin ligases primarily determine the substrate specificity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and play an essential role in the resistance to bortezomib in multiple myeloma (MM). Neural precursor cell-expressed developmentally downregulated gene 4-1 (NEDD4-1, also known as NEDD4) is a founding member of the NEDD4 family of E3 ligases and is involved in the proliferation, migration, invasion and drug sensitivity of cancer cells. In the present study, we investigated the role of NEDD4-1 in MM cells and explored its underlying mechanism. Clinically, low NEDD4-1 expression has been linked to poor prognosis in patients with MM. Functionally, NEDD4-1 knockdown (KD) resulted in bortezomib resistance in MM cells in vitro and in vivo. The overexpression (OE) of NEDD4-1, but not an enzyme-dead NEDD4-1-C867S mutant, had the opposite effect. Furthermore, the overexpression of NEDD4-1 in NEDD4-1 KD cells resensitized the cells to bortezomib in an add-back rescue experiment. Mechanistically, pAkt-Ser473 levels and Akt signaling were elevated and decreased by NEDD4-1 KD and OE, respectively. NEDD4-1 ubiquitinated Akt and targeted pAkt-Ser473 for proteasomal degradation. More importantly, the NEDD4-1 KD-induced upregulation of Akt expression sensitized MM cells to growth inhibition after treatment with an Akt inhibitor. Collectively, our results suggest that high NEDD4-1 levels may be a potential new therapeutic target in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Huiyao Gu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Enfan Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Qingxiao Chen
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Wen Cao
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Haimeng Yan
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jing Chen
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Li Yang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Ning Lv
- Department of PharmacyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jingsong He
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Qing Yi
- Center for Hematologic Malignancy Research Institute, Houston MethodistHoustonTX
| | - Zhen Cai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of HematologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang UniversityChina
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104
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Jiang Q, Li F, Cheng Z, Kong Y, Chen C. The role of E3 ubiquitin ligase HECTD3 in cancer and beyond. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:1483-1495. [PMID: 31637449 PMCID: PMC11105068 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03339-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin modification plays significant roles in protein fate determination, signaling transduction, and cellular processes. Over the past 2 decades, the number of studies on ubiquitination has demonstrated explosive growth. E3 ubiquitin ligases are the key enzymes that determine the substrate specificity and are involved in cancer. Several recent studies shed light on the functions and mechanisms of HECTD3 E3 ubiquitin ligase. This review describes the progress in the recent studies of HECTD3 in cancer and other diseases. We propose that HECTD3 is a potential biomarker and a therapeutic target, and discuss the future directions for HECTD3 investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Fubing Li
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Zhuo Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Yanjie Kong
- Institute of Translation Medicine, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518035, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China.
- KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
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105
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Li GZ, Okada T, Kim YM, Agaram NP, Sanchez-Vega F, Shen Y, Tsubokawa N, Rios J, Martin AS, Dickson MA, Qin LX, Socci ND, Singer S. Rb and p53-Deficient Myxofibrosarcoma and Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma Require Skp2 for Survival. Cancer Res 2020; 80:2461-2471. [PMID: 32161142 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) are highly genetically complex soft tissue sarcomas. Up to 50% of patients develop distant metastases, but current systemic therapies have limited efficacy. MFS and UPS have recently been shown to commonly harbor copy number alterations or mutations in the tumor suppressor genes RB1 and TP53. As these alterations have been shown to engender dependence on the oncogenic protein Skp2 for survival of transformed cells in mouse models, we sought to examine its function and potential as a therapeutic target in MFS/UPS. Comparative genomic hybridization and next-generation sequencing confirmed that a significant fraction of MFS and UPS patient samples (n = 94) harbor chromosomal deletions and/or loss-of-function mutations in RB1 and TP53 (88% carry alterations in at least one gene; 60% carry alterations in both). Tissue microarray analysis identified a correlation between absent Rb and p53 expression and positive expression of Skp2. Downregulation of Skp2 or treatment with the Skp2-specific inhibitor C1 revealed that Skp2 drives proliferation of patient-derived MFS/UPS cell lines deficient in both Rb and p53 by degrading p21 and p27. Inhibition of Skp2 using the neddylation-activating enzyme inhibitor pevonedistat decreased growth of Rb/p53-negative patient-derived cell lines and mouse xenografts. These results demonstrate that loss of both Rb and p53 renders MFS and UPS dependent on Skp2, which can be therapeutically exploited and could provide the basis for promising novel systemic therapies for MFS and UPS. SIGNIFICANCE: Loss of both Rb and p53 renders myxofibrosarcoma and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma dependent on Skp2, which could provide the basis for promising novel systemic therapies.See related commentary by Lambert and Jones, p. 2437.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Z Li
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Tomoyo Okada
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Young-Mi Kim
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Narasimhan P Agaram
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Yawei Shen
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Norifumi Tsubokawa
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jordan Rios
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Axel S Martin
- Department of Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Mark A Dickson
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Li-Xuan Qin
- Department of Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Nicholas D Socci
- Department of Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Samuel Singer
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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106
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Qiu C, Liu K, Zhang S, Gao S, Chen W, Li D, Huang Y. Bisdemethoxycurcumin Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Proliferation Through Akt Inactivation via CYLD-Mediated Deubiquitination. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:993-1001. [PMID: 32184568 PMCID: PMC7062405 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s231814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), a stable bioactive ingredient in curcuminoids, is associated with various antitumor functions, such as proliferation inhibition, metastasis suppression and apoptosis induction, in many cancer types. However, the mechanism of BDMC in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. Methods We assessed the toxicity and the inhibitory effect of BDMC in the HepG2 cell line by using CCK-8 and colony formation assays. The regulatory effects of BDMC on Akt and MAPK signaling were investigated by Western blotting and immunoprecipitation. Results We found that the half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) of BDMC after 48 hrs of treatment was 59.13 μM, and BDMC inhibited proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner in HepG2 cells. The inhibitory effect was caused by the inactivation of Akt signaling, but not Erk, Jnk or p38 signaling. In addition, the inactivation of Akt signaling was attributed to the inhibition of ubiquitination mediated by K63-Ub but not K48-Ub. Furthermore, we found that BDMC upregulated the expression of CYLD, leading to Akt deubiquitination and inactivation. Conclusion BDMC inhibited HCC cell proliferation, and that this effect was induced by Akt inactivation via CYLD-mediated deubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjiang Qiu
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kairui Liu
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Simin Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weirun Chen
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dateng Li
- Department of Statistical Science, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275, USA
| | - Youxing Huang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
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Tekcham DS, Chen D, Liu Y, Ling T, Zhang Y, Chen H, Wang W, Otkur W, Qi H, Xia T, Liu X, Piao HL, Liu H. F-box proteins and cancer: an update from functional and regulatory mechanism to therapeutic clinical prospects. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:4150-4167. [PMID: 32226545 PMCID: PMC7086354 DOI: 10.7150/thno.42735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
E3 ubiquitin ligases play a critical role in cellular mechanisms and cancer progression. F-box protein is the core component of the SKP1-cullin 1-F-box (SCF)-type E3 ubiquitin ligase and directly binds to substrates by various specific domains. According to the specific domains, F-box proteins are further classified into three sub-families: 1) F-box with leucine rich amino acid repeats (FBXL); 2) F-box with WD 40 amino acid repeats (FBXW); 3) F-box only with uncharacterized domains (FBXO). Here, we summarize the substrates of F-box proteins, discuss the important molecular mechanism and emerging role of F-box proteins especially from the perspective of cancer development and progression. These findings will shed new light on malignant tumor progression mechanisms, and suggest the potential role of F-box proteins as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets for future cancer treatment.
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108
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Deng L, Meng T, Chen L, Wei W, Wang P. The role of ubiquitination in tumorigenesis and targeted drug discovery. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:11. [PMID: 32296023 PMCID: PMC7048745 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0107-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 345] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination, an important type of protein posttranslational modification (PTM), plays a crucial role in controlling substrate degradation and subsequently mediates the "quantity" and "quality" of various proteins, serving to ensure cell homeostasis and guarantee life activities. The regulation of ubiquitination is multifaceted and works not only at the transcriptional and posttranslational levels (phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, etc.) but also at the protein level (activators or repressors). When regulatory mechanisms are aberrant, the altered biological processes may subsequently induce serious human diseases, especially various types of cancer. In tumorigenesis, the altered biological processes involve tumor metabolism, the immunological tumor microenvironment (TME), cancer stem cell (CSC) stemness and so on. With regard to tumor metabolism, the ubiquitination of some key proteins such as RagA, mTOR, PTEN, AKT, c-Myc and P53 significantly regulates the activity of the mTORC1, AMPK and PTEN-AKT signaling pathways. In addition, ubiquitination in the TLR, RLR and STING-dependent signaling pathways also modulates the TME. Moreover, the ubiquitination of core stem cell regulator triplets (Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2) and members of the Wnt and Hippo-YAP signaling pathways participates in the maintenance of CSC stemness. Based on the altered components, including the proteasome, E3 ligases, E1, E2 and deubiquitinases (DUBs), many molecular targeted drugs have been developed to combat cancer. Among them, small molecule inhibitors targeting the proteasome, such as bortezomib, carfilzomib, oprozomib and ixazomib, have achieved tangible success. In addition, MLN7243 and MLN4924 (targeting the E1 enzyme), Leucettamol A and CC0651 (targeting the E2 enzyme), nutlin and MI-219 (targeting the E3 enzyme), and compounds G5 and F6 (targeting DUB activity) have also shown potential in preclinical cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the latest progress in understanding the substrates for ubiquitination and their special functions in tumor metabolism regulation, TME modulation and CSC stemness maintenance. Moreover, potential therapeutic targets for cancer are reviewed, as are the therapeutic effects of targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Tong Meng
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Division of Laboratory Safety and Services, Northwest A&F University, Yangling Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Cai Z, Moten A, Peng D, Hsu CC, Pan BS, Manne R, Li HY, Lin HK. The Skp2 Pathway: A Critical Target for Cancer Therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 67:16-33. [PMID: 32014608 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Strictly regulated protein degradation by ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is essential for various cellular processes whose dysregulation is linked to serious diseases including cancer. Skp2, a well characterized component of Skp2-SCF E3 ligase complex, is able to conjugate both K48-linked ubiquitin chains and K63-linked ubiquitin chains on its diverse substrates, inducing proteasome mediated proteolysis or modulating the function of tagged substrates respectively. Overexpression of Skp2 is observed in various human cancers associated with poor survival and adverse therapeutic outcomes, which in turn suggests that Skp2 engages in tumorigenic activity. To that end, the oncogenic properties of Skp2 are demonstrated by various genetic mouse models, highlighting the potential of Skp2 as a target for tackling cancer. In this article, we will describe the downstream substrates of Skp2 as well as upstream regulators for Skp2-SCF complex activity. We will further summarize the comprehensive oncogenic functions of Skp2 while describing diverse strategies and therapeutic platforms currently available for developing Skp2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cai
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27101, USA.
| | - Asad Moten
- National Capital Consortium, Department of Defense, Washington DC, 20307, USA; Institute for Complex Systems, HealthNovations International, Houston, TX, 77089, USA; Center for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA; Center on Genomics, Vulnerable Populations, and Health Disparities, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Danni Peng
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Che-Chia Hsu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Bo-Syong Pan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Rajeshkumar Manne
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27101, USA
| | - Hong-Yu Li
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Science, 200 South Cedar, Little Rock AR 72202, USA
| | - Hui-Kuan Lin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, 27101, USA; Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
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110
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Feng L, Li J, Bu X, Zuo Y, Shen L, Qu X. BRAF V600E dictates cell survival via c-Myc-dependent induction of Skp2 in human melanoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:28-35. [PMID: 31980175 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BRAFV600E mutation is frequently observed in melanoma, and contributes to tumor malignancy. Despite inhibition of BRAF causes a profound cell growth inhibition and a strong clinical benefit in BRAFV600E melanoma, acquired drug resistance is still the major hurdle. In this study, we demonstrate that BRAFV600E drives cell growth and glycolysis in melanoma cells but does so by a previously unappreciated mechanism that involves direct induction of Skp2. Skp2 is highly expressed in melanoma tissues and particularly in tissues with BRAFV600E mutation. The inhibition of BRAFV600E by either siRNA or inhibitor vemurafenib suppressed Skp2 expression and cell growth. Mechanistic study shows that BRAFV600E suppression of Skp2 is dependent on c-Myc transcription factor via specifically bounding to the E-box region on SKP2 promoter. Further, the overexpression of Skp2 resulted in a markedly increase in cell growth, cell cycle progression and glycolysis which were repressed by BRAFV600E inhibition. Supporting the biological significance, Skp2 is specifically correlated with poor patient outcome in BRAFV600E but did not in BRAFWT melanomas. Thus, as a downstream target of BRAFV600E, Skp2 is critical for responses to BRAF inhibition, indicating targeting Skp2 might be a promising strategy for the treatment of BRAFi resistant melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Feng
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Jun Li
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Xin Bu
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yan Zuo
- Affiliated Hospital of Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, 712082, China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Xuan Qu
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China.
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111
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Fan Q, Wang Q, Cai R, Yuan H, Xu M. The ubiquitin system: orchestrating cellular signals in non-small-cell lung cancer. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2020; 25:1. [PMID: 31988639 PMCID: PMC6966813 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-019-0193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin system, known as a common feature in eukaryotes, participates in multiple cellular processes, such as signal transduction, cell-cycle progression, receptor trafficking and endocytosis, and even the immune response. In lung cancer, evidence has revealed that aberrant events in ubiquitin-mediated processes can cause a variety of pathological outcomes including tumorigenesis and metastasis. Likewise, ubiquitination on the core components contributing to the activity of cell signaling controls bio-signal turnover and cell final destination. Given this, inhibitors targeting the ubiquitin system have been developed for lung cancer therapies and have shown great prospects for clinical application. However, the exact biological effects and physiological role of the drugs used in lung cancer therapies are still not clearly elucidated, which might seriously impede the progress of treatment. In this work, we summarize current research advances in cell signal regulation processes mediated through the ubiquitin system during the development of lung cancer, with the hope of improving the therapeutic effects by means of aiming at efficient targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fan
- 1Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, China.,2Department of General Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Wang
- 1Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Renjie Cai
- 1Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, China.,2Department of General Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Haihua Yuan
- 1Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Xu
- 1Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, China
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Regulation of Stem Cells by Cullin-RING Ligase. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1217:79-98. [PMID: 31898223 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1025-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells can remain quiescent, self-renewal, and differentiate into many types of cells and even cancer stem cells. The coordination of these complex processes maintains the homeostasis of the organism. Ubiquitination is an important posttranslational modification process that regulates protein stability and activity. The ubiquitination levels of stem cell-associated proteins are closely related with stem cell characteristics. Cullin-RING Ligases (CRLs) are the largest family of E3 ubiquitin ligases, accounting for approximately 20% of proteins degraded by proteasome. In this review, we discuss the role of CRLs in stem cell homeostasis, self-renewal, and differentiation and expound their ubiquitination substrates. In addition, we also discuss the effect of CRLs on the formation of cancer stem cells that may provide promising therapy strategies for cancer.
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113
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Liu J, Peng Y, Zhang J, Long J, Liu J, Wei W. Targeting SCF E3 Ligases for Cancer Therapies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1217:123-146. [PMID: 31898226 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1025-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SKP1-cullin-1-F-box-protein (SCF) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex is responsible for the degradation of proteins in a strictly regulated manner, through which it exerts pivotal roles in regulating various key cellular processes including cell cycle and division, apoptosis, and differentiation. The substrate specificity of the SCF complex largely depends on the distinct F-box proteins, which function in either tumor promotion or suppression or in a context-dependent manner. Among the 69 F-box proteins identified in human genome, FBW7, SKP2, and β-TRCP have been extensively investigated among various types of cancer in respective of their roles in cancer development, progression, and metastasis. Moreover, several specific inhibitors have been developed to target those E3 ligases, and their efficiency in tumors has been determined. In this review, we provide a summary of the roles of SCF E3 ligases in cancer development, as well as the potential application of miRNA or specific inhibitors for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunhua Peng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jinfang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiangang Long
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Wenyi Wei
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Xiang Y, Zhang Q, Wei S, Huang C, Li Z, Gao Y. Paeoniflorin: a monoterpene glycoside from plants of Paeoniaceae family with diverse anticancer activities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 72:483-495. [PMID: 31858611 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Paeoniflorin, a representative pinane monoterpene glycoside in plants of Paeoniaceae family, possesses promising anticancer activities on diverse tumours. This paper summarized the advance of Paeoniflorin on cancers in vivo and in vitro, discussed the related molecular mechanisms, as well as suggested some perspectives of the future investigations. KEY FINDINGS Anticancer activities of paeoniflorin have been comprehensively investigated, including liver cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, glioma, bladder cancer and leukaemia. Furthermore, the potential molecular mechanisms corresponding to the antitumour effects of Paeoniflorin might be related to the following aspects: inhibition of tumour cell proliferation and neovascularization, induction apoptosis, and inhibition of tumour invasion and metastasis. SUMMARY Paeoniflorin has wide spectrum antitumour activities; however, in vivo and clinical investigations on antitumour effect of Paeoniflorin are lacking which should be focused on further studies. Our present review on antitumour effects of Paeoniflorin would be beneficial for the further molecular mechanisms study, candidate antitumour drug development and clinical research of Paeoniflorin in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjing Xiang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujun Wei
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhengsheng Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongxiang Gao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Yeh HC, Margulis V, Singla N, Hernandez E, Panwar V, Woldu SL, Karam JA, Wood CG, Weizer AZ, Raman JD, Remzi M, Rioux-Leclercq N, Haitel A, Roscigno M, Bolenz C, Bensalah K, Li CC, Ke HL, Li WM, Lee HY, Rapoport LM, Lotan Y, Kapur P, Shariat SF, Hsieh JT, Wu WJ. PTRF independently predicts progression and survival in multiracial upper tract urothelial carcinoma following radical nephroureterectomy. Urol Oncol 2019; 38:496-505. [PMID: 31862213 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF) has been implicated in cancer biology but its role in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is unknown. From a pilot transcriptome, we identified PTRF was significantly upregulated in high stage UTUC. Bladder cancer transcriptome from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) supported our finding and high PTRF level also predicted poor survival. We, therefore, investigated the correlation of PTRF with patients' clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes in a multiracial UTUC cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS By immunohistochemical staining, PTRF expression was determined using H-score. PTRF expression of 575 UTUCs from 8 institutions, including 118 Asians and 457 Caucasians, was compared with various clinicopathologic parameters. Human urothelial cancer cell lines were used to evaluate the level of PTRF protein and mRNA expression, and PTRF transcript level was assessed in fresh samples from 12 cases of the cohort. The impact of PTRF expression on disease progression, cancer-specific death and overall mortality was also examined. RESULTS High PTRF expression was significantly associated with multifocality (P = 0.023), high pathologic tumor stage (P < 0.00001), nonurothelial differentiation (P = 0.035), lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.003) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.031). PTRF mRNA expression was also markedly increased in advanced stage UTUC (P = 0.0003). High PTRF expressing patients had consistently worse outcomes than patients with low PTRF expression regardless of demographic variation (all P < 0.005). In multivariate analysis, high PTRF expression was an independent predictor for progression-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] 1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07-2.69, P = 0.025), cancer-specific survival (HR 2.09, 95% CI 1.28-3.42, P = 0.003), and overall survival (HR 2.04, 95% CI 1.33-3.14, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that PTRF is a predictive biomarker for progression and survival and an independent prognosticator of UTUC. Elevated PTRF could probably propel clinically aggressive disease and serve as a potential therapeutic target for UTUC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chih Yeh
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Vitaly Margulis
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Nirmish Singla
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Elizabeth Hernandez
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Vandana Panwar
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Solomon L Woldu
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Jose A Karam
- Department of Urology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Alon Z Weizer
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Jay D Raman
- Division of Urology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA
| | - Mesut Remzi
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Andrea Haitel
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Roscigno
- Department of Urology, Ospedali Riuniti of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Karim Bensalah
- Department of Urology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Ching-Chia Li
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Lung Ke
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Li
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Ying Lee
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Leonid M Rapoport
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yair Lotan
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Payal Kapur
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Urology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jer-Tsong Hsieh
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Jeng Wu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Yan L, Lin M, Pan S, Assaraf YG, Wang ZW, Zhu X. Emerging roles of F-box proteins in cancer drug resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2019; 49:100673. [PMID: 31877405 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2019.100673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy continues to be a major treatment strategy for various human malignancies. However, the frequent emergence of chemoresistance compromises chemotherapy efficacy leading to poor prognosis. Thus, overcoming drug resistance is pivotal to achieve enhanced therapy efficacy in various cancers. Although increased evidence has revealed that reduced drug uptake, increased drug efflux, drug target protein alterations, drug sequestration in organelles, enhanced drug metabolism, impaired DNA repair systems, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms, are critically involved in drug resistance, the detailed resistance mechanisms have not been fully elucidated in distinct cancers. Recently, F-box protein (FBPs), key subunits in Skp1-Cullin1-F-box protein (SCF) E3 ligase complexes, have been found to play critical roles in carcinogenesis, tumor progression, and drug resistance through degradation of their downstream substrates. Therefore, in this review, we describe the functions of FBPs that are involved in drug resistance and discuss how FBPs contribute to the development of cancer drug resistance. Furthermore, we propose that targeting FBPs might be a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance and achieve better treatment outcome in cancer patients. Lastly, we state the limitations and challenges of using FBPs to overcome chemotherapeutic drug resistance in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzhi Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Min Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Shuya Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Lab, Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.
| | - Zhi-Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
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Cdh1-mediated Skp2 degradation by dioscin reprogrammes aerobic glycolysis and inhibits colorectal cancer cells growth. EBioMedicine 2019; 51:102570. [PMID: 31806563 PMCID: PMC7000337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The F-box protein S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (Skp2) is overexpressed and correlated with poor prognosis in human malignancies, including colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS A natural product library was used for natural compound screening through glycolysis analysis. The expression of Skp2 in CRCs and the inhibitory effect of dioscin on glycolysis were examined through methods of immunoblot, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemical staining, anchorage-dependent and -independent growth assays, EdU incorporation assay, ubiquitination analysis, co-immunoprecipitation assay, CRISPR-Cas9-based gene knockout, and xenograft experiment. FINDINGS We demonstrated that Skp2 was highly expressed in CRC tissues and cell lines. Knockout of Skp2 inhibited HK2 and glycolysis and decreased CRC cell growth in vitro and in vivo. We screened 88 commercially available natural products and found that dioscin, a natural steroid saponin derived from several plants, significantly inhibited glycolysis in CRC cells. Dioscin decreased the protein level of Skp2 by shortening the half-life of Skp2. Further study showed that dioscin attenuated Skp2 phosphorylation on S72 and promoted the interaction between Skp2 and Cdh1, which eventually enhanced Skp2 lysine 48 (K48)-linked polyubiquitination and degradation. Depletion of Cdh1 impaired dioscin-induced Skp2 reduction, rescued HK2 expression, and glycolysis in CRC cells. Finally, dioscin delayed the in vivo tumor growth, promoted Skp2 ubiquitination, and inhibited Skp2 expression in a mouse xenograft model. INTERPRETATION This study suggests that in addition to pharmacological inactivation of Skp2, enhancement of ubiquitination-dependent Skp2 turnover is a promising approach for cancer treatment.
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Asghar K, Loya A, Rana IA, Abu Bakar M, Farooq A, Tahseen M, Ishaq M, Rashid MU. Association between Cyclooxygenase-2 and Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Expression in Breast Cancer Patients from Pakistan. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:3521-3525. [PMID: 31759380 PMCID: PMC7063003 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.11.3521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tumors use several immunosuppressive mechanisms to evade immune destruction. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression may be a driver of immunosuppression in breast cancer, but the mechanisms involved remain elusive. COX-2 expression induces the expression of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) in tumor cells. IDO is an immunosuppressive enzyme which is involved in tumor immune escape mechanisms in breast cancer. Our aim was to evaluate the association between COX-2 and IDO expression to find evidence of immunosuppression in Pakistani breast cancer patients. Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to evaluate the expression of COX-2, IDO, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissues of 100 patients. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the independent risk factors of COX-2. Results: A total of 100 patients were included with a mean age and standard deviation of 48.28 ± 11.83. A significant association was observed among COX-2, IDO, ER, PR and tumor grade. In multivariable analysis, three variables were identified as significant independent risk factors for high COX-2: IDO expression high; [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 6.51; 95% confidence interval (CI) (2.00-21.20), p=0.001], ER; [AOR 5.62; 95% CI (1.80-17.84), p=0.002] and age [AOR 1.04; 95% CI (1.00-1.10), p=0.05] respectively. Conclusion: Our data showed that high IDO expression is associated with high COX-2 expression in Pakistani breast cancer patients. The co-expression of both enzymes may suggest their role in disease pathogenesis. Hence the concurrent targeting of COX-2 and IDO may be a promising therapy for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Asghar
- Department of Basic Sciences, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asif Loya
- Department of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ali Rana
- Department of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abu Bakar
- Department of Cancer Registry and Clinical Data Management, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asim Farooq
- Department of Clinical Research, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tahseen
- Department of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ishaq
- Department of Pathology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Rashid
- Department of Basic Sciences, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (SKMCH & RC), Lahore, Pakistan
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Ko HR, Jin EJ, Lee SB, Kim CK, Yun T, Cho SW, Park KW, Ahn JY. SIAH1 ubiquitin ligase mediates ubiquitination and degradation of Akt3 in neural development. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:15435-15445. [PMID: 31471318 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Akt signaling is an important regulator of neural development, but the distinctive function of Akt isoforms in brain development presents a challenge. Here we show Siah1 as an ubiquitin ligase that preferentially interacts with Akt3 and facilitates ubiquitination and degradation of Akt3. Akt3 is enriched in the axonal shaft and branches but not growth cone tips, where Siah1 is prominently present. Depletion of Siah1 enhanced Akt3 levels in the soma and axonal tips, eliciting multiple branching. Brain-specific somatic mutation in Akt3-E17K escapes from Siah1-mediated degradation and causes improper neural development with dysmorphic neurons. Remarkably, coexpression of Siah1 with Akt3-WT restricted disorganization of neural development is caused by Akt3 overexpression, whereas forced expression of Siah1 with the Akt3-E17K mutant fails to cope with malformation of neural development. These findings demonstrate that Siah1 limits Akt3 turnover during brain development and that this event is essential for normal organization of the neural network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Rim Ko
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Jin
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Sang Bae Lee
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
| | - Chung Kwon Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Taegwan Yun
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Kye Won Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Jee-Yin Ahn
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea .,Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea.,Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
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Zhang W, Ren Z, Jia L, Li X, Jia X, Han Y. Fbxw7 and Skp2 Regulate Stem Cell Switch between Quiescence and Mitotic Division in Lung Adenocarcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9648269. [PMID: 31534970 PMCID: PMC6732578 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9648269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The molecular mechanism of dormancy initiation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is not clear. This study was to explore the molecular mechanism by which CSCs switch from mitotic division to quiescence. METHODS MTT assays, flow cytometry, Western blotting, qRT-PCR, and immunofluorescence staining were used to test cell viability, cell cycle and expression of F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7 (Fbxw7), c-myc, S phase kinase associated protein-2 (Skp2), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27), octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4 (Oct3/4), and β catenin gene in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated A549 cells. Lung adenocarcinoma xenograft models were employed to detect the effects of Fbxw7 on tumor growth. RESULTS 5-FU inhibited the proliferation of A549 cells, with a median inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 200 μg/ml after 24 h treatment. 5-FU treatment increased the expressions of Oct3/4, Fbxw7, and p27 and increased the number of A549 cells at G0/G1. 5-FU treatment triggered nuclear translocation of β-catenin, decreased the expression levels of c-myc and Skp2, and decreased the number of A549 cells at S phase. Release from 5-FU decreased the expressions of Oct3/4, Fbxw7 and p27; decreased the percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase; increased the expressions of Skp2 and c-myc; and increased the proportion of cells in S phase. 5-FU treatment led to high expressions of Oct3/4, c-myc, and p27, with low expressions of Fbxw7 and Skp2. Knockdown of Fbxw7 augmented the expression of c-myc and decreased the proportion of A549 cells in Go/G1 phase. Skp2 siRNA increased the expression of p27 and the percentage of G0/G1 phase cells and reduced the proportion of S phase cells. Fbxw7 overexpression inhibited tumor growth in mouse lung adenocarcinoma xenograft models. When Fbxw7 expression was low, Skp2 expression was higher in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and associated with the differentiation of lung adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSION 5-FU enriches the CSCs in lung adenocarcinoma cells via increasing Fbxw7 and decreasing Skp2 expression, followed by downregulation of c-myc and upregulation of p27, which switches cells to quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zihan Ren
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lanling Jia
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinshan Jia
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuchen Han
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Yu X, Wang R, Zhang Y, Zhou L, Wang W, Liu H, Li W. Skp2-mediated ubiquitination and mitochondrial localization of Akt drive tumor growth and chemoresistance to cisplatin. Oncogene 2019; 38:7457-7472. [PMID: 31435020 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0955-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The E3 ligase S-phase kinase-associated protein 2(Skp2) is overexpressed in human cancers and correlated with poor prognosis, but its contributions to tumorigenesis and chemoresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are not evident. Herein we show that Skp2 is highly expressed in NPC tumor tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of Skp2 suppresses tumor cell growth, colony formation, glycolysis, and in vivo tumor growth. Skp2 promotes Akt K63-mediated ubiquitination and activation, which is required for EGF-induced Akt mitochondrial localization. Importantly, K63-linked ubiquitination enhances the interaction between Akt and HK2 and eventually increases HK2 phosphorylation on Thr473 and mitochondrial localization. Overexpression of Skp2 impaired the intrinsic apoptotic pathway and confers cisplatin resistance. Moreover, ectopic expression of Myr-Akt1 or phosphomimetic HK2-T473D rescued cisplatin-induced tumor suppression in Skp2 knockdown stable cells. Also, depletion of Akt ubiquitination enhances the antitumor efficacy of cisplatin in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we demonstrated that Skp2 is positively correlated with p-Akt and HK2 in NPC tumor tissues. This study highlights the clinical value of Skp2 targeting in NPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Clinical Center for Gene Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, PR China.,Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Ruike Wang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yangnan Zhang
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, PR China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Haidan Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, PR China. .,Clinical Center for Gene Diagnosis and Therapy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, PR China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410000, Hunan, PR China.
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122
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Revathidevi S, Munirajan AK. Akt in cancer: Mediator and more. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 59:80-91. [PMID: 31173856 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 373] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Akt is a serine/threonine kinase and it participates in the key role of the PI3K signaling pathway. The Akt can be activated by a wide range of growth signals and the biochemical mechanisms leading to Akt activation are well defined. Once activated, Akt modulates the function of many downstream proteins involved in cellular survival, proliferation, migration, metabolism, and angiogenesis. The Akt is a central node of many signaling pathways and it is frequently deregulated in many types of human cancers. In this review, we provide an overview of Akt function and its role in the hallmarks of human cancer. We also discussed various mechanisms of Akt dysregulation in cancers, including epigenetic modifications like methylation, post-transcriptional non-coding RNAs-mediated regulation, and the overexpression and mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaramoorthy Revathidevi
- Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, 113, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arasambattu Kannan Munirajan
- Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, 113, Tamil Nadu, India.
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A Multidimensional Characterization of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase and Substrate Interaction Network. iScience 2019; 16:177-191. [PMID: 31181401 PMCID: PMC6557761 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
E3 ubiquitin ligases (E3s) play a critical role in molecular and cellular mechanisms. However, a large number of E3-substrate interactions (ESIs) remain unrevealed. Here, we integrated the increasing omics data with biological knowledge to characterize and identify ESIs. Multidimensional features were computed to obtain the association patterns of ESIs, and an ensemble prediction model was constructed to identify ESIs. Comparison with non-ESI cases revealed the specific association patterns of ESIs, which provided meaningful insights into ESI interpretation. Reliability of the prediction model was confirmed from various perspectives. Notably, our evaluations on leucine-rich repeat family of F box (FBXL) family were consistent with a proteomic study, and several substrates for SKP2 and an orphan E3 FBXL6 were experimentally verified. Moreover, a cancer hallmark ESI landscape was studied. Taken together, our study catches a glimpse at the omics-driven ESI association patterns and provides a valuable resource (http://www.esinet.dicp.ac.cn/home.php) to assist ubiquitination research. Systematically describe E3 ligase and substrate association patterns Build a computational model for predicting E3 ligase and substrate interactions Predict and validate promising substrates for F box family E3 ligases Construct a valuable data resource on potential E3-substrate interactions
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124
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Quercetin Inhibits the Proliferation of Glycolysis-Addicted HCC Cells by Reducing Hexokinase 2 and Akt-mTOR Pathway. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101993. [PMID: 31137633 PMCID: PMC6572074 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased glycolysis in tumor cells is associated with increased risk of tumor progression and mortality. Therefore, disruption of glycolysis, one of the main sources of cellular energy supply, can serve as a target for suppressing tumor growth and progression. Of note, hexokinase-2 (HK2) plays vital roles in glucose metabolism. Moreover, the expression of HK2 alters the metabolic phenotype and supports the continuous growth of tumor cells, making it an attractive target for cancer therapy. Quercetin (QUE), a bioactive flavonoid, has a profound anti-tumor effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the precise underlying mechanism of this effect is unclear. In the present study, we reported that QUE inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells that relied on aerobic glycolysis. We further found that QUE could decrease the protein levels of HK2 and suppress the AKT/mTOR pathway in HCC cells. In addition, QUE significantly restrained the growth of HCC xenografts and decreased HK-2 expression in vivo. Taken together, we have revealed that QUE suppresses the progression of HCC by inhibiting HK2-dependentglycolysis, which may have a promising potential to be an effective treatments for HCC, especially for those patients with high HK2 expression.
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Sugiyama MG, Fairn GD, Antonescu CN. Akt-ing Up Just About Everywhere: Compartment-Specific Akt Activation and Function in Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:70. [PMID: 31131274 PMCID: PMC6509475 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine/threonine kinase Akt is a master regulator of many diverse cellular functions, including survival, growth, metabolism, migration, and differentiation. Receptor tyrosine kinases are critical regulators of Akt, as a result of activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) signaling leading to Akt activation upon receptor stimulation. The signaling axis formed by receptor tyrosine kinases, PI3K and Akt, as well as the vast range of downstream substrates is thus central to control of cell physiology in many different contexts and tissues. This axis must be tightly regulated, as disruption of PI3K-Akt signaling underlies the pathology of many diseases such as cancer and diabetes. This sophisticated regulation of PI3K-Akt signaling is due in part to the spatial and temporal compartmentalization of Akt activation and function, including in specific nanoscale domains of the plasma membrane as well as in specific intracellular membrane compartments. Here, we review the evidence for localized activation of PI3K-Akt signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases in various specific cellular compartments, as well as that of compartment-specific functions of Akt leading to control of several fundamental cellular processes. This spatial and temporal control of Akt activation and function occurs by a large number of parallel molecular mechanisms that are central to regulation of cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G. Sugiyama
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory D. Fairn
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Costin N. Antonescu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Abstract
In addition to the pivotal roles for histone methylation in the transcriptional regulation, emerging evidence suggests important roles for methylation of non-histone proteins in response to extra-cellular stimulatory events, with implications in governing tumorigenesis. Among the increasing list of non-histone proteins targeted for methylation, the tri-lysine-methylation modification of AKT has been recently identified to fine-tune its kinase activity and oncogenic functions. Moreover, our results implicate the histone methyltransferase SETDB1 as the methyltransferase modifying and activating AKT in a PI3K dependent manner. As such, the oncogenic function of SETDB1 in various cancers may be attributed to tumorigenesis, at least in part, through activating AKT. Therefore, targeting SETDB1, which modulates both epigenetic marks and AKT kinase activity simultaneously, is a potential strategy for novel cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Guo
- a Precision Medicine Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China.,b Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
| | - Wenyi Wei
- b Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA
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127
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Jiang Y, Su S, Zhang Y, Qian J, Liu P. Control of mTOR signaling by ubiquitin. Oncogene 2019; 38:3989-4001. [PMID: 30705402 PMCID: PMC6621562 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved mTOR signaling pathway plays essential roles in cell growth, proliferation, metabolism and responses to cellular stresses. Hyperactivation of the mTOR signaling is observed in virtually all solid tumors and has been an attractive drug target. In addition to changes at genetic levels, aberrant activation of the mTOR signaling is also a result from dysregulated posttranslational modifications on key pathway members, such as phosphorylation that has been extensively studied. Emerging evidence also supports a critical role for ubiquitin-mediated modifications in dynamically regulating the mTOR signaling pathway, while a comprehensive review for relevant studies is missing. In this review, we will summarize characterized ubiquitination events on major mTOR signaling components, their modifying E3 ubiquitin ligases, deubiquitinases and corresponding pathophysiological functions. We will also reveal methodologies that have been used to identify E3 ligases or DUBs to facilitate the search for yet-to-be discovered ubiquitin-mediated regulatory mechanisms in mTOR signaling. We hope that our review and perspectives provide rationales and strategies to target ubiquitination for inhibiting mTOR signaling to treat human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jiang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Siyuan Su
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yanqiong Zhang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jiayi Qian
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Pengda Liu
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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USP10 modulates the SKP2/Bcr-Abl axis via stabilizing SKP2 in chronic myeloid leukemia. Cell Discov 2019; 5:24. [PMID: 31044085 PMCID: PMC6488640 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-019-0092-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive activation of tyrosine kinase Bcr-Abl is the leading cause of the development and progression of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Currently, the application of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting the Bcr-Abl is the primary therapy for CML patients. However, acquired resistance to TKIs that develops overtime in the long-term administration renders TKIs ineffective to patients with advanced CML. Therefore, increasing studies focus on the amplified expression or activation of Bcr-Abl which is proposed to contribute to the advanced phase. Here, we show that S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) acts as a co-regulator of Bcr-Abl by mediating its K63-linked ubiquitination and activation. Further investigations show that USP10 as a novel deubiquitinase of SKP2 amplifies the activation of Bcr-Abl via mediating deubiquitination and stabilization of SKP2 in CML cells. Moreover, inhibition of USP10 significantly suppresses the proliferation of both imatinib-sensitive and imatinib-resistant CML cells, which likely depends on SKP2 status. This findings are confirmed in primary CML cells because these cells are over-expressed with USP10 and SKP2 and are sensitive to a USP10 inhibitor. Taken together, the present study not only provides a novel insight into the amplified activation of Bcr-Abl in CML, but also demonstrates that targeting the USP10/SKP2/Bcr-Abl axis is a potential strategy to overcome imatinib resistance in CML patients.
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129
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Shi J, Liu Z, Xu Q. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 contributes to malignant behavior of human cancers through promoting AKT ubiquitination and phosphorylation. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:1909-1920. [PMID: 30945383 PMCID: PMC6549921 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) has been found to be involved in carcinogenesis in multiple cancers. However, the precise role of TRAF6 in cancer has not been extensively investigated and remains largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the biological function of TRAF6 and its underlying molecular mechanisms in cancer. A positive correlation between poor tumor differentiation and TRAF6 expression status was observed in both oral cancer and breast cancer. Overexpression of TRAF6 promoted proliferation, migration, and G0 /G1 to S phase transition in tumor cells. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6-mediated AKT ubiquitination and subsequent phosphorylation played an essential role in the control of tumor cell malignant behavior. In vivo treatment with TRAF6, but not the E3 ligase deficient TRAF6 mutant, facilitated tumor growth. Our findings indicate that TRAF6 contributes to malignant behavior of human cancers through promoting AKT ubiquitination and phosphorylation. Therefore, TRAF6 could serve as a therapeutic target in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengying Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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MERTK mediated novel site Akt phosphorylation alleviates SAV1 suppression. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1515. [PMID: 30944303 PMCID: PMC6447540 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09233-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Akt plays indispensable roles in cell proliferation, survival and metabolism. Mechanisms underlying posttranslational modification-mediated Akt activation have been extensively studied yet the Akt interactome is less understood. Here, we report that SAV1, a Hippo signaling component, inhibits Akt, a function independent of its role in Hippo signaling. Binding to a proline-tyrosine motif in the Akt-PH domain, SAV1 suppresses Akt activation by blocking Akt’s movement to plasma membrane. We further identify cancer-associated SAV1 mutations with impaired ability to bind Akt, leading to Akt hyperactivation. We also determine that MERTK phosphorylates Akt1-Y26, releasing SAV1 binding and allowing Akt responsiveness to canonical PI-3K pathway activation. This work provides a mechanism underlying MERTK-mediated Akt activation and survival signaling in kidney cancer. Akt activation drives oncogenesis and therapeutic resistance; this mechanism of Akt regulation by MERTK/SAV1 provides yet another complexity in an extensively studied pathway, and may yield prognostic information and therapeutic targets. Hyperactivation of Akt promotes tumorigenesis. Here, the authors show that SAV1, a member of Hippo signalling, interacts with Akt to suppress Akt activity and MERTK-mediated Akt phosphorylation relieves this suppression to facilitate Akt oncogenic activity in clear cell renal carcinomas.
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131
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Gao J, Wang G, Wu J, Zuo Y, Zhang J, Jin X. Skp2 Expression Is Inhibited by Arsenic Trioxide through the Upregulation of miRNA-330-5p in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2019; 12:214-223. [PMID: 30847385 PMCID: PMC6389777 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been found to exert its anti-cancer activity in various human malignancies. In our previous report, we have shown that ATO inhibited cell growth and invasion via downregulation of Skp2 in pancreatic cancer (PC) cells. It has been extensively demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in tumorigenesis. ATO might induce PC cell apoptosis and regulate Skp2 downregulation through the regulation of miRNAs. One study has demonstrated that miR-330-5p exerts a tumor-suppressive function in PC cell lines. Here, we investigated the role of miRNA-330-5p in ATO-mediated anti-tumor activity and explored whether ATO could regulate miR-330-5p in PC cells. We found that ATO treatment upregulated the expression of miR-330-5p. Moreover, miR-330-5p inhibitor rescued the ATO-mediated tumor-suppressive function. The combination of miR-330-5p mimic with ATO reduced cell growth, motility, and invasion, and enhanced apoptosis to a greater degree in PC cells. This study suggests that the combination of miR-330-5p mimic with ATO may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Gao
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
- Corresponding author: Jiankun Gao, Department of Basic Medical Science, Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, 621000 Sichuan, China.
| | - Gu Wang
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
| | - Jingrong Wu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
| | - Yu Zuo
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
| | - Xintian Jin
- Department of Thoracic Oncosurgery, Jilin Province Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
- Corresponding author: Xintian Jin, Department of Thoracic Oncosurgery, Jilin Province Cancer Hospital, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China.
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Identification and structural characterization of deleterious non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human SKP2 gene. Comput Biol Chem 2019; 79:127-136. [PMID: 30802828 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In SCF (Skp, Cullin, F-box) ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes, S-phase kinase 2 (SKP2) is one of the major players of F-box family, that is responsible for the degradation of several important cell regulators and tumor suppressor proteins. Despite of having significant evidence for the role of SKP2 on tumorgenesis, there is a lack of available data regarding the effect of non-synonymous polymorphisms. In this communication, the structural and functional consequences of non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) of SKP2 have been reported by employing various computational approaches and molecular dynamics simulation. Initially, several computational tools like SIFT, PolyPhen-2, PredictSNP, I-Mutant 2.0 and ConSurf have been implicated in this study to explore the damaging SNPs. In total of 172 nsSNPs, 5 nsSNPs were identified as deleterious and 3 of them were predicted to be decreased the stability of protein. Guided from ConSurf analysis, P101L (rs761253702) and Y346C (rs755010517) were categorized as the highly conserved and functional disrupting mutations. Therefore, these mutations were subjected to three dimensional model building and molecular dynamics simulation study for the detailed structural consequences upon the mutations. The study revealed that P101L and Y346C mutations increased the flexibility and changed the structural dynamics. As both these mutations are located in the most functional regions of SKP2 protein, these computational insights might be helpful to consider these nsSNPs for wet-lab confirmatory analysis as well as in rationalizing future population based studies and structure based drug design against SKP2.
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Li C, Du L, Ren Y, Liu X, Jiao Q, Cui D, Wen M, Wang C, Wei G, Wang Y, Ji A, Wang Q. SKP2 promotes breast cancer tumorigenesis and radiation tolerance through PDCD4 ubiquitination. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:76. [PMID: 30760284 PMCID: PMC6375223 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1069-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background S-phase kinase-associated protein 2 (SKP2) is an oncogene and cell cycle regulator that specifically recognizes phosphorylated cell cycle regulator proteins and mediates their ubiquitination. Programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4) is a tumor suppressor gene that plays a role in cell apoptosis and DNA-damage response via interacting with eukaryotic initiation factor-4A (eIF4A) and P53. Previous research showed SKP2 may interact with PDCD4, however the relationship between SKP2 and PDCD4 is unclear. Methods To validate the interaction between SKP2 and PDCD4, mass spectrometric analysis and reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments were performed. SKP2 stably overexpressed or knockdown breast cancer cell lines were established and western blot was used to detect proteins changes before and after radiation. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to verify whether SKP2 inhibits cell apoptosis and promotes DNA-damage response via PDCD4 suppression. SMIP004 was used to test the effect of radiotherapy combined with SKP2 inhibitor. Results We found that SKP2 remarkably promoted PDCD4 phosphorylation, ubiquitination and degradation. SKP2 promoted cell proliferation, inhibited cell apoptosis and enhanced the response to DNA-damage via PDCD4 suppression in breast cancer. SKP2 and PDCD4 showed negative correlation in human breast cancer tissues. Radiotherapy combine with SKP2 inhibitor SMIP004 showed significant inhibitory effects on breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions We identify PDCD4 as an important ubiquitination substrate of SKP2. SKP2 promotes breast cancer tumorigenesis and radiation tolerance via PDCD4 degradation. Radiotherapy combine with SKP2-targeted adjuvant therapy may improve breast cancer patient survival in clinical medicine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1069-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Lutao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Tianqiao District, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Yidan Ren
- International Biotechnology R&D Center, Shandong University School of Ocean, 180 Wenhua Xi Road, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Qinlian Jiao
- International Biotechnology R&D Center, Shandong University School of Ocean, 180 Wenhua Xi Road, Weihai, 264209, Shandong, China
| | - Donghai Cui
- Department of Human Anatomy and Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Mingxin Wen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Tianqiao District, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Guangwei Wei
- Department of Human Anatomy and Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University School of Medicine, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Tianqiao District, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Aiguo Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, China.
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SETDB1-mediated methylation of Akt promotes its K63-linked ubiquitination and activation leading to tumorigenesis. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:214-225. [PMID: 30692626 PMCID: PMC6414065 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0266-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The serine/threonine kinase Akt plays a central role in cell proliferation, survival and metabolism and its hyperactivation is linked to cancer progression. Here we report that Akt undergoes K64 methylation by SETDB1, which is crucial for cell membrane recruitment, phosphorylation and activation of Akt upon growth factor stimulation. Furthermore, we reveal an adaptor function of histone demethylase JMJD2A, which recognizes Akt K64 methylation and recruits E3 ligase TRAF6 and Skp2-SCF to the Akt complex, independently of its demethylase activity, thereby initiating K63-linked ubiquitination, cell membrane recruitment and activation of Akt. Notably, cancer associated Akt mutant (E17K) displays enhanced K64 methylation, leading to its hyper-phosphorylation and activation. SETDB1-mediated Akt K64 methylation is upregulated and correlated with Akt hyperactivation in non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), promotes tumor development and predicts poor outcome. Collectively, these findings reveal complicated layers of Akt activation regulation coordinated by SETDB1-mediated Akt K64 methylation to drive tumorigenesis.
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AKT methylation by SETDB1 promotes AKT kinase activity and oncogenic functions. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:226-237. [PMID: 30692625 PMCID: PMC6377565 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-018-0261-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant activation of Akt disturbs proliferation, survival and metabolic homeostasis of various human cancers. Thus, it is critical to understand upstream signaling pathways governing Akt activation. Here, we report that Akt undergoes SETDB1-mediated lysine-methylation to promote its activation, which is antagonized by the Jumonji-family demethylase, KDM4B. Notably, compared with wild-type mice, mice harboring non-methylated mutant Akt1 not only exhibited reduced body size, but also were less prone to carcinogen-induced skin tumors in part due to reduced Akt activation. Mechanistically, Phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) interaction with Akt facilitates its interaction with SETDB1 for subsequent Akt methylation, which in turn sustains Akt phosphorylation. Pathologically, genetic alterations including SETDB1 amplification aberrantly promote Akt methylation to facilitate its activation and oncogenic functions. Thus, Akt methylation is an important step synergizing with PI3K signaling to control Akt activation, suggesting that targeting the SETDB1 signaling could be a potential therapeutic strategy for combatting hyperactive Akt-driven cancers.
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136
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Gandhi N, Das GM. Metabolic Reprogramming in Breast Cancer and Its Therapeutic Implications. Cells 2019; 8:cells8020089. [PMID: 30691108 PMCID: PMC6406734 DOI: 10.3390/cells8020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Current standard-of-care (SOC) therapy for breast cancer includes targeted therapies such as endocrine therapy for estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) positive; anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies for human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-enriched; and general chemotherapy for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes. These therapies frequently fail due to acquired or inherent resistance. Altered metabolism has been recognized as one of the major mechanisms underlying therapeutic resistance. There are several cues that dictate metabolic reprogramming that also account for the tumors’ metabolic plasticity. For metabolic therapy to be efficacious there is a need to understand the metabolic underpinnings of the different subtypes of breast cancer as well as the role the SOC treatments play in targeting the metabolic phenotype. Understanding the mechanism will allow us to identify potential therapeutic vulnerabilities. There are some very interesting questions being tackled by researchers today as they pertain to altered metabolism in breast cancer. What are the metabolic differences between the different subtypes of breast cancer? Do cancer cells have a metabolic pathway preference based on the site and stage of metastasis? How do the cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic cues dictate the metabolic phenotype? How do the nucleus and mitochondria coordinately regulate metabolism? How does sensitivity or resistance to SOC affect metabolic reprogramming and vice-versa? This review addresses these issues along with the latest updates in the field of breast cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Gandhi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Center for Genetics & Pharmacology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Gokul M Das
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Center for Genetics & Pharmacology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
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Prognostic values of F-box members in breast cancer: an online database analysis and literature review. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20180949. [PMID: 30341246 PMCID: PMC6328874 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: F-box proteins are the substrate-recognizing subunits of SKP1 (S-phase kinase-associated protein 1)–cullin1–F-box protein (SCF) E3 ligase complexes that play pivotal roles in multiple cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Dysregulation of F-box proteins may lead to an unbalanced proteolysis of numerous protein substrates, contributing to progression of human malignancies. However, the prognostic values of F-box members, especially at mRNA levels, in breast cancer (BC) are elusive. Methods: An online database, which is constructed based on the gene expression data and survival information downloaded from GEO (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/), was used to investigate the prognostic values of 15 members of F-box mRNA expression in BC. Results: We found that higher mRNA expression levels of FBXO1, FBXO31, SKP2, and FBXO5 were significantly associated with worse prognosis for BC patients. While FBXO4 and β-TrCP1 were found to be correlated to better overall survival (OS). Conclusion: The associated results provide new insights into F-box members in the development and progression of BC. Further researches to explore the F-box protein-targetting reagents for treating BC are needed.
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Şahin S, Gürgen SG, Yazar U, İnce İ, Kamaşak T, Acar Arslan E, Diler Durgut B, Dilber B, Cansu A. Vitamin D protects against hippocampal apoptosis related with seizures induced by kainic acid and pentylenetetrazol in rats. Epilepsy Res 2019; 149:107-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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High TNFAIP6 level is associated with poor prognosis of urothelial carcinomas. Urol Oncol 2018; 37:293.e11-293.e24. [PMID: 30595463 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammatory responses affect each stage of carcinogenesis, from initiation, through invasion, to metastasis. Studies have shown that chronic inflammation induced by environmental and occupational exposures increase the risk of developing urothelial carcinoma (UC). Using a published UC transcriptome (GSE32894), we identified that among genes associated with inflammatory response (GO:0006954), TNFAIP6 was significantly upregulated during UC progression. Therefore, we investigated the association of TNFAIP6 with disease features, metastasis and survival in our well-characterized cohort of UC. METHODS We determined TNFAIP6 expression in 340 upper urinary tract UCs (UTUC) and 295 urinary bladder UCs (UBUC) using immunohistochemistry and evaluated the results using H-score. TNFAIP6 expression correlated with clinicopathological features, disease-specific survival, and metastasis-free survival. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS High TNFAIP6 expression was significantly associated with advanced pathological stage, lymph node metastasis, perineural invasion, vascular invasion, and high mitotic activity. Multivariate analysis identified high TNFAIP6 expression as an independent predictor of disease-specific survival (hazard ratio in UTUC: 2.891, P = 0.003; in UBUC: 2.175, P = 0.017) and metastasis-free survival (hazard ratio in UTUC: 3.803, P < 0.001; in UBUC: 3.845, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION High TNFAIP6 expression is associated with aggressive clinicopathological features and poor prognosis in UCs, suggesting it may serve as a novel prognosticator and treatment target. TNFAIP6 immunostaining may be used with current pathological examinations for better risk stratification for UCs.
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140
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Wang S, Ekoue DN, Raj GV, Kittler R. Targeting the turnover of oncoproteins as a new avenue for therapeutics development in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cancer Lett 2018; 438:86-96. [PMID: 30217566 PMCID: PMC6186492 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The current therapeutic armamentarium for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) includes second-generation agents such as the Androgen Receptor (AR) inhibitor enzalutamide and the androgen synthesis inhibitor abiraterone acetate, immunotherapies like sipuleucel-T, chemotherapies including docetaxel and cabazitaxel and the radiopharmaceutical radium 223 dichloride. However, relapse of CRPC resistant to these therapeutic modalities occur rapidly. The mechanisms of resistance to these treatments are complex, including specific mutations or alternative splicing of oncogenic proteins. An alternative approach to treating CRPC may be to target the turnover of these molecular drivers of CRPC. In this review, the mechanisms by which protein stability of several oncoproteins such as AR, ERG, GR, CYP17A1 and MYC, will be discussed, as well as how these findings could be translated into novel therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Dede N Ekoue
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ganesh V Raj
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ralf Kittler
- Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Han F, Li CF, Cai Z, Zhang X, Jin G, Zhang WN, Xu C, Wang CY, Morrow J, Zhang S, Xu D, Wang G, Lin HK. The critical role of AMPK in driving Akt activation under stress, tumorigenesis and drug resistance. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4728. [PMID: 30413706 PMCID: PMC6226490 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07188-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PI3K/Akt signaling is activated in cancers and governs tumor initiation and progression, but how Akt is activated under diverse stresses is poorly understood. Here we identify AMPK as an essential regulator for Akt activation by various stresses. Surprisingly, AMPK is also activated by growth factor EGF through Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent kinase and is essential for EGF-mediated Akt activation and biological functions. AMPK phosphorylates Skp2 at S256 and promotes the integrity and E3 ligase activity of Skp2 SCF complex leading to K63-linked ubiquitination and activation of Akt and subsequent oncogenic processes. Importantly, AMPK-mediated Skp2 S256 phosphorylation promotes breast cancer progression in mouse tumor models, correlates with Akt and AMPK activation in breast cancer patients, and predicts poor survival outcomes. Finally, targeting AMPK-mediated Skp2 S256 phosphorylation sensitizes cells to anti-EGF receptor targeted therapy. Our study sheds light on how stress and EGF induce Akt activation and new mechanisms for AMPK-mediated oncogenesis and drug resistance. How Akt pathway is activated under stress is poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate the crucial role of AMPK for cellular stresses and growth factors- mediated Akt activation through a mechanism involving the E3 ubiquitin ligase Skp2 and Cullin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chien-Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Foundational Medical Center, Tainan, 710, Taiwan.,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Zhen Cai
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Guoxiang Jin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wei-Na Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Chuan Xu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Chi-Yun Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - John Morrow
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shuxing Zhang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Dazhi Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Department of Gastric and Pancreatic Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Guihua Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
| | - Hui-Kuan Lin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA. .,Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan. .,Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan.
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Additional Biomarkers beyond RAS That Impact the Efficacy of Cetuximab plus Chemotherapy in mCRC: A Retrospective Biomarker Analysis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2018; 2018:5072987. [PMID: 30305811 PMCID: PMC6165607 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5072987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose We aimed to identify new predictive biomarkers for cetuximab in first-line treatment for patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Methods The study included patients with KRAS wild-type unresectable liver-limited mCRC treated with chemotherapy with or without cetuximab. Next-generation sequencing was done for single nucleotide polymorphism according to custom panel. Potential predictive biomarkers were identified and integrated into a predictive model within a training cohort. The model was validated in a validation cohort. Results Thirty-one of 247(12.6%) patients harbored RAS mutations. In training cohort (N=93), six potential predictive genes, namely, ATP6V1B1, CUL9, ERBB2, LY6G6D, PTCH1, and RBMXL3, were identified. According to predictive model, patients were divided into responsive group (n=66) or refractory group (n=27). In responsive group, efficacy outcomes were significantly improved by addition of cetuximab to chemotherapy. In refractory group, no benefit was observed. Interaction test was significant across all endpoints. In validation cohort (N=123), similar results were also observed. Conclusions In the first-line treatment of mCRC, the predictive model integrating six new predictive mutations divided patients well, indicating a promising approach to further refine patient selection for cetuximab on the basis of RAS mutations.
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143
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Dioscin ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy through inhibition of the MAPK and Akt/GSK3β/mTOR pathways. Life Sci 2018; 209:420-429. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Choppara S, Ganga S, Manne R, Dutta P, Singh S, Santra MK. The SCF FBXO46 ubiquitin ligase complex mediates degradation of the tumor suppressor FBXO31 and thereby prevents premature cellular senescence. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:16291-16306. [PMID: 30171069 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor F-box protein 31 (FBXO31) is indispensable for maintaining genomic stability. Its levels drastically increase following DNA damage, leading to cyclin D1 and MDM2 degradation and G1 and G2/M arrest. Prolonged arrest in these phases leads to cellular senescence. Accordingly, FBXO31 needs to be kept at low basal levels in unstressed conditions for normal cell cycle progression during growth and development. However, the molecular mechanism maintaining these basal FBXO31 levels has remained unclear. Here, we identified the F-box family SCF-E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXO46 (SCFFBXO46) as an important proteasomal regulator of FBXO31 and found that FBXO46 helps maintain basal FBXO31 levels under unstressed conditions and thereby prevents premature senescence. Using molecular docking and mutational studies, we showed that FBXO46 recognizes an RXXR motif located at the FBXO31 C terminus to direct its polyubiquitination and thereby proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, FBXO46 depletion enhanced the basal levels of FBXO31, resulting in senescence induction. In response to genotoxic stress, ATM (ataxia telangiectasia-mutated) Ser/Thr kinase-mediated phosphorylation of FBXO31 at Ser-278 maintained FBXO31 levels. In contrast, activated ATM phosphorylated FBXO46 at Ser-21/Ser-67, leading to its degradation via FBXO31. Thus, ATM-catalyzed phosphorylation after DNA damage governs FBXO31 levels and FBXO46 degradation via a negative feedback loop. Collectively, our findings reveal that FBXO46 is a crucial proteasomal regulator of FBXO31 and thereby prevents senescence in normal growth conditions. They further indicate that FBXO46-mediated regulation of FBXO31 is abrogated following genotoxic stress to promote increased FBXO31 levels for maintenance of genomic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinadh Choppara
- From the National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex and.,the Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Sankaran Ganga
- From the National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex and
| | - Rajeshkumar Manne
- From the National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex and.,the Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Parul Dutta
- From the National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex and.,the Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411007, India
| | - Shailza Singh
- From the National Centre for Cell Science, NCCS Complex and
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Qu C, Kunkalla K, Vaghefi A, Frederiksen JK, Liu Y, Chapman JR, Blonska M, Bernal-Mizrachi L, Alderuccio JP, Lossos IS, Landgraf R, Vega F. Smoothened stabilizes and protects TRAF6 from degradation: A novel non-canonical role of smoothened with implications in lymphoma biology. Cancer Lett 2018; 436:149-158. [PMID: 30165192 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), an (K63) E3-ligase, plays a role in many biological processes and its activity is relevant in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) biology. Although molecules that trigger TRAF6 activation have been defined, those that stabilize TRAF6 and/or enhance TRAF6 function remain largely unclear. We found that TRAF6 amplifies pAKT signaling in DLBCL. Moreover, TRAF6 activation and stabilization of its ubiquitination profile are facilitated by smoothened (SMO), signal transducer of canonical Hedgehog signaling. Here, we report that SMO is needed to facilitate and maintain TRAF6-dependent elevated pAKT levels, and that the SMO/TRAF6 axis contributes to doxorubicin resistance in DLBCL. Mechanistically, we found that SMO, through its C-terminal tail, stabilizes and protects TRAF6 from degradation, an effect mediated by ubiquitin-specific protease-8. Moreover, this functional link between SMO and TRAF6 is reflected in DLBCL patients where high expression of both molecules correlates with poor prognosis. In summary, our study reveals a novel cell survival mechanism in which SMO stabilizes and protects TRAF6 from degradation. The axis SMO/TRAF6/AKT is highly relevant in the biology of DLBCL and is involved in doxorubicin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changju Qu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology; Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Kranthi Kunkalla
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami/Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Amineh Vaghefi
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami/Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - John K Frederiksen
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami/Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Yadong Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology; Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation; Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Jennifer R Chapman
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami/Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Marzenna Blonska
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Leon Bernal-Mizrachi
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Georgia
| | - Juan Pablo Alderuccio
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Izidore S Lossos
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ralf Landgraf
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami/Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Francisco Vega
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami/Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA; Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
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Yan K, Ponnusamy M, Xin Y, Wang Q, Li P, Wang K. The role of K63-linked polyubiquitination in cardiac hypertrophy. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4558-4567. [PMID: 30102008 PMCID: PMC6156430 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination, also known as ubiquitylation, is a vital post‐translational modification of proteins that play a crucial role in the multiple biological processes including cell growth, proliferation and apoptosis. K63‐linked ubiquitination is one of the vital post‐translational modifications of proteins that are involved in the activation of protein kinases and protein trafficking during cell survival and proliferation. It also contributes to the development of various disorders including cancer, neurodegeneration and cardiac hypertrophy. In this review, we summarize the role of K63‐linked ubiquitination signalling in protein kinase activation and its implications in cardiac hypertrophy. We have also provided our perspectives on therapeutically targeting K63‐linked ubiquitination in downstream effector molecules of growth factor receptors for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaowen Yan
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Ying Xin
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Xu H, Yuan Y, Wu W, Zhou M, Jiang Q, Niu L, Ji J, Liu N, Zhang L, Wang X. Hypoxia stimulates invasion and migration of human cervical cancer cell lines HeLa/SiHa through the Rab11 trafficking of integrin αvβ3/FAK/PI3K pathway-mediated Rac1 activation. J Biosci 2018; 42:491-499. [PMID: 29358562 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-017-9699-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia plays a key role in tumour cell survival, invasion, and metastasis. An increasing number of studies have attempted to characterize the tumour response to hypoxia and to identify predictive markers of disease. Here we show that hypoxia increases tumour cell invasion and migration by the modulation of Rab11, an important molecule for vesicular trafficking. In our study, we found that Rab11, together with the activation of Rac1, could stimulate invasion and migration of cervical cancer cell lines HeLa/SiHa in hypoxia. Activation of Rac1 activity by hypoxia seems to be central to carcinoma invasion. We also found that these effects could be related to the integrin αvβ3. In addition, we studied the molecular pathway for this process. Our results showed that in cervical cancer cell lines HeLa/SiHa, Rac1 activation in hypoxia could stimulate invasion and migration, and this process was mediated by integrin αvβ3-mediated FAK and PI3K phosphorylation. Furthermore, hypoxia induced a dramatic increase in αvβ3 integrin surface expression, and this increase is dependent on Rab11. In conclusion, our study might provide a new mechanism for the effect of hypoxia on stimulating cervical carcinoma invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Li Y, Yang Q, Guan H, Shi B, Ji M, Hou P. ZNF677 Suppresses Akt Phosphorylation and Tumorigenesis in Thyroid Cancer. Cancer Res 2018; 78:5216-5228. [PMID: 29997231 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The zinc finger protein 677 (ZNF677) belongs to the zinc finger protein family, which possesses transcription factor activity by binding sequence-specific DNA. Previous studies have reported its downregulated by promoter methylation in non-small cell lung cancer. However, its biological role and exact mechanism in human cancers, including thyroid cancer, remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that ZNF677 is frequently downregulated by promoter methylation in primary papillary thyroid cancers (PTC) and show that decreased expression of ZNF677 is significantly associated with poor patient survival. Ectopic expression of ZNF677 in thyroid cancer cells dramatically inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenic potential in nude mice and induced cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis. Conversely, knockdown of ZNF677 promoted thyroid cancer cell proliferation and colony formation. ZNF677 exerted its tumor suppressor functions in thyroid cancer cells through transcriptional repression of two targets CDKN3 and HSPB1 (or HSP27), thereby inhibiting phosphorylation and activation of Akt via distinct mechanisms. Taken together, our data show that ZNF677 functions as a tumor suppressor and is frequently silenced via promoter methylation in thyroid cancer.Significance: These findings report a tumor suppressive role of the zinc-finger protein ZNF677 in primary papillary thyroid cancer through inhibition of Akt phosphorylation. Cancer Res; 78(18); 5216-28. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Guan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Bingyin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Meiju Ji
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.
| | - Peng Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China. .,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
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149
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Yao F, Zhou Z, Kim J, Hang Q, Xiao Z, Ton BN, Chang L, Liu N, Zeng L, Wang W, Wang Y, Zhang P, Hu X, Su X, Liang H, Sun Y, Ma L. SKP2- and OTUD1-regulated non-proteolytic ubiquitination of YAP promotes YAP nuclear localization and activity. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2269. [PMID: 29891922 PMCID: PMC5995870 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04620-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of YAP localization and activity is associated with pathological conditions such as cancer. Although activation of the Hippo phosphorylation cascade is known to cause cytoplasmic retention and inactivation of YAP, emerging evidence suggests that YAP can be regulated in a Hippo-independent manner. Here, we report that YAP is subject to non-proteolytic, K63-linked polyubiquitination by the SCFSKP2 E3 ligase complex (SKP2), which is reversed by the deubiquitinase OTUD1. The non-proteolytic ubiquitination of YAP enhances its interaction with its nuclear binding partner TEAD, thereby inducing YAP's nuclear localization, transcriptional activity, and growth-promoting function. Independently of Hippo signaling, mutation of YAP's K63-linkage specific ubiquitination sites K321 and K497, depletion of SKP2, or overexpression of OTUD1 retains YAP in the cytoplasm and inhibits its activity. Conversely, overexpression of SKP2 or loss of OTUD1 leads to nuclear localization and activation of YAP. Altogether, our study sheds light on the ubiquitination-mediated, Hippo-independent regulation of YAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yao
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhicheng Zhou
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jongchan Kim
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Qinglei Hang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhenna Xiao
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Baochau N Ton
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Liang Chang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Liyong Zeng
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Yumeng Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Peijing Zhang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaohua Su
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yutong Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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150
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Mansour MA. Ubiquitination: Friend and foe in cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 101:80-93. [PMID: 29864543 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic modulation and posttranslational modification of proteins are tightly controlled biological processes that occur in response to physiological cues. One such dynamic modulation is ubiquitination, which marks proteins for degradation via the proteasome, altering their localization, affecting their activity, and promoting or interfering with protein interactions. Hence, ubiquitination is crucial for a plethora of physiological processes, including cell survival, differentiation and innate and adaptive immunity. Similar to kinases, components of the ubiquitination system are often deregulated, leading to a variety of diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. In a context-dependent manner, ubiquitination can regulate both tumor-suppressing and tumor-promoting pathways in cancer. This review outlines how components of the ubiquitination systems (e.g. E3 ligases and deubiquitinases) act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors according to the nature of their substrates. Furthermore, I interrogate how the current knowledge of the differential roles of ubiquitination in cancer lead to technical advances to inhibit or reactivate the components of the ubiquitination system accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Mansour
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom; The CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, Switchback Road, G61 1BD, United Kingdom; Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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