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Lygin AV, Zernova OV, Hill CB, Kholina NA, Widholm JM, Hartman GL, Lozovaya VV. Glyceollin is an important component of soybean plant defense against Phytophthora sojae and Macrophomina phaseolina. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2013; 103:984-94. [PMID: 23617338 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-12-0328-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The response of soybean transgenic plants, with suppressed synthesis of isoflavones, and nontransgenic plants to two common soybean pathogens, Macrophomina phaseolina and Phytophthora sojae, was studied. Transgenic soybean plants of one line used in this study were previously generated via bombardment of embryogenic cultures with the phenylalanine ammonia lyase, chalcone synthase, and isoflavone synthase (IFS2) genes in sense orientation driven by the cotyledon-preferable lectin promoter (to turn genes on in cotyledons), while plants of another line were newly produced using the IFS2 gene in sense orientation driven by the Cassava vein mosaic virus constitutive promoter (to turn genes on in all plant parts). Nearly complete inhibition of isoflavone synthesis was found in the cotyledons of young seedlings of transgenic plants transformed with the IFS2 transgene driven by the cotyledon-preferable lectin promoter compared with the untransformed control during the 10-day observation period, with the precursors of isoflavone synthesis being accumulated in the cotyledons of transgenic plants. These results indicated that the lectin promoter could be active not only during seed development but also during seed germination. Downregulation of isoflavone synthesis only in the seed or in the whole soybean plant caused a strong inhibition of the pathogen-inducible glyceollin in cotyledons after inoculation with P. sojae, which resulted in increased susceptibility of the cotyledons of both transgenic lines to this pathogen compared with inoculated cotyledons of untransformed plants. When stems were inoculated with M. phaseolina, suppression of glyceollin synthesis was found only in stems of transgenic plants expressing the transgene driven by a constitutive promoter, which developed more severe infection. These results provide further evidence that rapid glyceollin accumulation during infection contributes to the innate soybean defense response.
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Chaudhary AK, Dhakal D, Sohng JK. An insight into the "-omics" based engineering of streptomycetes for secondary metabolite overproduction. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:968518. [PMID: 24078931 PMCID: PMC3775442 DOI: 10.1155/2013/968518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms produce a range of chemical substances representing a vast diversity of fascinating molecular architectures not available in any other system. Among them, Streptomyces are frequently used to produce useful enzymes and a wide variety of secondary metabolites with potential biological activities. Streptomyces are preferred over other microorganisms for producing more than half of the clinically useful naturally originating pharmaceuticals. However, these compounds are usually produced in very low amounts (or not at all) under typical laboratory conditions. Despite the superiority of Streptomyces, they still lack well documented genetic information and a large number of in-depth molecular biological tools for strain improvement. Previous attempts to produce high yielding strains required selection of the genetic material through classical mutagenesis for commercial production of secondary metabolites, optimizing culture conditions, and random selection. However, a profound effect on the strategy for strain development has occurred with the recent advancement of whole-genome sequencing, systems biology, and genetic engineering. In this review, we demonstrate a few of the major issues related to the potential of "-omics" technology (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) for improving streptomycetes as an intelligent chemical factory for enhancing the production of useful bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Institute of Biomolecule Reconstruction, SunMoon University, 100 Kalsan-ri, Tangjeongmyeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 336-708, Republic of Korea
| | - Dipesh Dhakal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Institute of Biomolecule Reconstruction, SunMoon University, 100 Kalsan-ri, Tangjeongmyeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 336-708, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Sohng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Institute of Biomolecule Reconstruction, SunMoon University, 100 Kalsan-ri, Tangjeongmyeon, Asan-si, Chungnam 336-708, Republic of Korea
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Firon N, LaBonte D, Villordon A, Kfir Y, Solis J, Lapis E, Perlman TS, Doron-Faigenboim A, Hetzroni A, Althan L, Adani Nadir L. Transcriptional profiling of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) roots indicates down-regulation of lignin biosynthesis and up-regulation of starch biosynthesis at an early stage of storage root formation. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:460. [PMID: 23834507 PMCID: PMC3716973 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The number of fibrous roots that develop into storage roots determines sweetpotato yield. The aim of the present study was to identify the molecular mechanisms involved in the initiation of storage root formation, by performing a detailed transcriptomic analysis of initiating storage roots using next-generation sequencing platforms. A two-step approach was undertaken: (1) generating a database for the sweetpotato root transcriptome using 454-Roche sequencing of a cDNA library created from pooled samples of two root types: fibrous and initiating storage roots; (2) comparing the expression profiles of initiating storage roots and fibrous roots, using the Illumina Genome Analyzer to sequence cDNA libraries of the two root types and map the data onto the root transcriptome database. Results Use of the 454-Roche platform generated a total of 524,607 reads, 85.6% of which were clustered into 55,296 contigs that matched 40,278 known genes. The reads, generated by the Illumina Genome Analyzer, were found to map to 31,284 contigs out of the 55,296 contigs serving as the database. A total of 8,353 contigs were found to exhibit differential expression between the two root types (at least 2.5-fold change). The Illumina-based differential expression results were validated for nine putative genes using quantitative real-time PCR. The differential expression profiles indicated down-regulation of classical root functions, such as transport, as well as down-regulation of lignin biosynthesis in initiating storage roots, and up-regulation of carbohydrate metabolism and starch biosynthesis. In addition, data indicated delicate control of regulators of meristematic tissue identity and maintenance, associated with the initiation of storage root formation. Conclusions This study adds a valuable resource of sweetpotato root transcript sequences to available data, facilitating the identification of genes of interest. This resource enabled us to identify genes that are involved in the earliest stage of storage root formation, highlighting the reduction in carbon flow toward phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and its delivery into carbohydrate metabolism and starch biosynthesis, as major events involved in storage root initiation. The novel transcripts related to storage root initiation identified in this study provide a starting point for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms underlying this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurit Firon
- Institute of Plant Sciences, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel.
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Spitzer-Rimon B, Farhi M, Albo B, Cna’ani A, Ben Zvi MM, Masci T, Edelbaum O, Yu Y, Shklarman E, Ovadis M, Vainstein A. The R2R3-MYB-like regulatory factor EOBI, acting downstream of EOBII, regulates scent production by activating ODO1 and structural scent-related genes in petunia. THE PLANT CELL 2012; 24:5089-105. [PMID: 23275577 PMCID: PMC3556977 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.112.105247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Flower scent is a highly dynamic trait, under developmental, spatial, and diurnal regulation. The mechanism governing scent production is only beginning to be unraveled. In petunia (Petunia hybrida), EMISSION OF BENZENOIDS II (EOBII) controls transcription of both the shikimate pathway-regulating MYB factor ODORANT1 (ODO1) and phenylpropanoid scent-related structural genes. A promoter-activation screen identified an R2R3-MYB-like regulatory factor of phenylpropanoid volatile biosynthesis acting downstream of EOBII, designated EOBI. EOBI silencing led to downregulation of ODO1 and numerous structural scent-related genes from both the shikimate and phenylpropanoid pathways. The ability of EOBI to directly activate ODO1, as revealed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and yeast one-hybrid analysis, place EOBI upstream of ODO1 in regulating substrate availability for volatile biosynthesis. Interestingly, ODO1-silenced transgenic petunia flowers accumulated higher EOBI transcript levels than controls, suggesting a complex feedback loop between these regulatory factors. The accumulation pattern of EOBI transcript relative to EOBII and ODO1, and the effect of up/downregulation of EOBII on transcript levels of EOBI and ODO1, further support these factors' hierarchical relationships. The dependence of scent production on EOBI expression and its direct interaction with both regulatory and structural genes provide evidence for EOBI's wide-ranging involvement in the production of floral volatiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Spitzer-Rimon
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Moran Farhi
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Boaz Albo
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Alon Cna’ani
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Michal Moyal Ben Zvi
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Tania Masci
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Orit Edelbaum
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yixun Yu
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Elena Shklarman
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Marianna Ovadis
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Alexander Vainstein
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Boesenbergia rotunda: From Ethnomedicine to Drug Discovery. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:473637. [PMID: 23243448 PMCID: PMC3519102 DOI: 10.1155/2012/473637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Boesenbergia rotunda is a herb from the Boesenbergia genera under the Zingiberaceae family. B. rotunda is widely found in Asian countries where it is commonly used as a food ingredient and in ethnomedicinal preparations. The popularity of its ethnomedicinal usage has drawn the attention of scientists worldwide to further investigate its medicinal properties. Advancement in drug design and discovery research has led to the development of synthetic drugs from B. rotunda metabolites via bioinformatics and medicinal chemistry studies. Furthermore, with the advent of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, new insights on the biosynthetic pathways of B. rotunda metabolites can be elucidated, enabling researchers to predict the potential bioactive compounds responsible for the medicinal properties of the plant. The vast biological activities exhibited by the compounds obtained from B. rotunda warrant further investigation through studies such as drug discovery, polypharmacology, and drug delivery using nanotechnology.
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Großkinsky DK, van der Graaff E, Roitsch T. Phytoalexin transgenics in crop protection--fairy tale with a happy end? PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 195:54-70. [PMID: 22920999 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Phytoalexins are pathogen induced low molecular weight compounds with antimicrobial activities derived from secondary metabolism. Following their identification, phytoalexins were directly incorporated into the network of plant defense responses. Due to their heterogeneity, the metabolic pathways involved in phytoalexin formation and in particular the regulatory mechanisms remained elusive. Consequently, research focus shifted to the characterization of other components of plant immunity such as defense signaling and resistance mechanisms, including components of systemic acquired and induced systemic resistance, effector and pathogen-associated molecular pattern triggered immunity as well as R-gene resistance. Despite the obtained knowledge on these immunity mechanisms, genetic engineering employing these mechanisms and classical breeding reached too low improvements in crop protection, probably because classical breeding focused on yield performance and taste, rather than pathogen resistance. The increasing demand for disease resistant crop species and the aim to reduce pesticide application therefore requires alternative approaches. Recent advances in the understanding of phytoalexin function, biosynthesis and regulation, in combination with novel methods of molecular engineering and advances in instrumental analysis, returned attention to phytoalexins as a potent target for improving crop protection. Based on this, the advantages as well as potential bottlenecks for molecular approaches of modulating inducible phytoalexins to improve crop protection are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik K Großkinsky
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology, University of Graz, Schubertstraße 51, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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Bolleddula J, Fitch W, Vareed SK, Nair MG. Identification of metabolites in Withania sominfera fruits by liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2012; 26:1277-90. [PMID: 22555921 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Withania somnifera is a rich source of biologically active secondary metabolites. Our earlier investigations on the fruits of this plant have yielded novel compounds, withanamides, with potent antioxidant activity and protective effect on β-amyloid-induced cytotoxicity in vitro. However, several minor compounds present in the fruits have not been characterized previously which may contribute to the observed biological activities. METHODS Liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) with data-dependent and targeted MS/MS experiments were conducted to elucidate the structure of observed metabolites. RESULTS A total of 62 metabolites identified included 32 withanamides, 22 withanolides, 3 steroidal saponins, 2 lignanamides, feruloyl tyramine, methoxy feruloyl tyramine and a diglucoside of hydroxyl palmitic acid. The structures of these compounds were proposed based on accurate masses of the molecular and fragment ions. Several of these new compounds identified from the profile were derived from withanamides with variations in aliphatic and/or glycosyl moieties. In addition, six new withanolides, a new hydroxy fatty acid diglucoside and several known compounds in the extract were identified. CONCLUSIONS The current study revealed the presence of several new and known compounds in Withania somnifera fruits. High-resolution MS and MS/MS experiments provide an extremely effective approach to derive the structures of plant secondary metabolites including isomeric compounds.
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Carrera J, Fernández del Carmen A, Fernández-Muñoz R, Rambla JL, Pons C, Jaramillo A, Elena SF, Granell A. Fine-tuning tomato agronomic properties by computational genome redesign. PLoS Comput Biol 2012; 8:e1002528. [PMID: 22685389 PMCID: PMC3369923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering cells as biofactories, we aimed to optimize its internal processes by using the same engineering principles that large industries are implementing nowadays: lean manufacturing. We have applied reverse engineering computational methods to transcriptomic, metabolomic and phenomic data obtained from a collection of tomato recombinant inbreed lines to formulate a kinetic and constraint-based model that efficiently describes the cellular metabolism from expression of a minimal core of genes. Based on predicted metabolic profiles, a close association with agronomic and organoleptic properties of the ripe fruit was revealed with high statistical confidence. Inspired in a synthetic biology approach, the model was used for exploring the landscape of all possible local transcriptional changes with the aim of engineering tomato fruits with fine-tuned biotechnological properties. The method was validated by the ability of the proposed genomes, engineered for modified desired agronomic traits, to recapitulate experimental correlations between associated metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Carrera
- Instituto de Biologa Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-UPV, Valencia, Spain
- Synth-Bio Group, Institute of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Universite d'Evry Val d'Essonne - Genopole - CNRS UPS3201, Evry, France
- * E-mail: (JC); (AG)
| | - Asun Fernández del Carmen
- Instituto de Biologa Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-UPV, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Fernández-Muñoz
- Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterranea “La Mayora” (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Algarrobo-Costa, Malaga, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Rambla
- Instituto de Biologa Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-UPV, Valencia, Spain
| | - Clara Pons
- Instituto de Biologa Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-UPV, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfonso Jaramillo
- Synth-Bio Group, Institute of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Universite d'Evry Val d'Essonne - Genopole - CNRS UPS3201, Evry, France
| | - Santiago F. Elena
- Instituto de Biologa Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-UPV, Valencia, Spain
- The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America
| | - Antonio Granell
- Instituto de Biologa Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas-UPV, Valencia, Spain
- * E-mail: (JC); (AG)
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Yuan Y, Song L, Li M, Liu G, Chu Y, Ma L, Zhou Y, Wang X, Gao W, Qin S, Yu J, Wang X, Huang L. Genetic variation and metabolic pathway intricacy govern the active compound content and quality of the Chinese medicinal plant Lonicera japonica thunb. BMC Genomics 2012; 13:195. [PMID: 22607188 PMCID: PMC3443457 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Traditional Chinese medicine uses various herbs for the treatment of various diseases for thousands of years and it is now time to assess the characteristics and effectiveness of these medicinal plants based on modern genetic and molecular tools. The herb Flos Lonicerae Japonicae (FLJ or Lonicera japonica Thunb.) is used as an anti-inflammatory agent but the chemical quality of FLJ and its medicinal efficacy has not been consistent. Here, we analyzed the transcriptomes and metabolic pathways to evaluate the active medicinal compounds in FLJ and hope that this approach can be used for a variety of medicinal herbs in the future. Results We assess transcriptomic differences between FLJ and L. japonica Thunb. var. chinensis (Watts) (rFLJ), which may explain the variable medicinal effects. We acquired transcriptomic data (over 100 million reads) from the two herbs, using RNA-seq method and the Illumina GAII platform. The transcriptomic profiles contain over 6,000 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) for each of the three flower development stages from FLJ, as well as comparable amount of ESTs from the rFLJ flower bud. To elucidate enzymatic divergence on biosynthetic pathways between the two varieties, we correlated genes and their expression profiles to known metabolic activities involving the relevant active compounds, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and fatty acids. We also analyzed the diversification of genes that process the active compounds to distinguish orthologs and paralogs together with the pathways concerning biosynthesis of phenolic acid and its connections with other related pathways. Conclusions Our study provides both an initial description of gene expression profiles in flowers of FLJ and its counterfeit rFLJ and the enzyme pool that can be used to evaluate FLJ quality. Detailed molecular-level analyses allow us to decipher the relationship between metabolic pathways involved in processing active medicinal compounds and gene expressions of their processing enzymes. Our evolutionary analysis revealed specific functional divergence of orthologs and paralogs, which lead to variation in gene functions that govern the profile of active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Functional Genomics for Dao-di Herbs, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Garzón-Martínez GA, Zhu ZI, Landsman D, Barrero LS, Mariño-Ramírez L. The Physalis peruviana leaf transcriptome: assembly, annotation and gene model prediction. BMC Genomics 2012; 13:151. [PMID: 22533342 PMCID: PMC3488962 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physalis peruviana commonly known as Cape gooseberry is a member of the Solanaceae family that has an increasing popularity due to its nutritional and medicinal values. A broad range of genomic tools is available for other Solanaceae, including tomato and potato. However, limited genomic resources are currently available for Cape gooseberry. Results We report the generation of a total of 652,614 P. peruviana Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs), using 454 GS FLX Titanium technology. ESTs, with an average length of 371 bp, were obtained from a normalized leaf cDNA library prepared using a Colombian commercial variety. De novo assembling was performed to generate a collection of 24,014 isotigs and 110,921 singletons, with an average length of 1,638 bp and 354 bp, respectively. Functional annotation was performed using NCBI’s BLAST tools and Blast2GO, which identified putative functions for 21,191 assembled sequences, including gene families involved in all the major biological processes and molecular functions as well as defense response and amino acid metabolism pathways. Gene model predictions in P. peruviana were obtained by using the genomes of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) and Solanum tuberosum (potato). We predict 9,436 P. peruviana sequences with multiple-exon models and conserved intron positions with respect to the potato and tomato genomes. Additionally, to study species diversity we developed 5,971 SSR markers from assembled ESTs. Conclusions We present the first comprehensive analysis of the Physalis peruviana leaf transcriptome, which will provide valuable resources for development of genetic tools in the species. Assembled transcripts with gene models could serve as potential candidates for marker discovery with a variety of applications including: functional diversity, conservation and improvement to increase productivity and fruit quality. P. peruviana was estimated to be phylogenetically branched out before the divergence of five other Solanaceae family members, S. lycopersicum, S. tuberosum, Capsicum spp, S. melongena and Petunia spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina A Garzón-Martínez
- Plant Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology and Bioindustry (CBB), Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research (CORPOICA), Bogota, Colombia
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Avni A, Blázquez MA. Can plant biotechnology help in solving our food and energy shortage in the future? Curr Opin Biotechnol 2011; 22:220-3. [PMID: 21330127 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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