101
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Liu Y, Wang Z, Wang S, Fang H, Ye N, Wang D. Ecotoxicological effects on Scenedesmus obliquus and Danio rerio Co-exposed to polystyrene nano-plastic particles and natural acidic organic polymer. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 67:21-28. [PMID: 30710827 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The importance of attention to unravel the interaction of nano-plastic particles (NPs) with natural acidic organic polymer (NAOP) in freshwater environment should not be neglected. However, toxicological data available for the interaction between NPs and NAOP remain limited. Here, we investigate the toxicological effects of three model polystyrene (PS) NPs with different functional groups (unmodified, amino- and carboxyl-modified PS NPs) on two freshwater organisms of different trophic levels (Scenedesmus obliquus and Danio rerio) in the absence and presence of two classes of NAOP, namely fulvic acid and humic acid. The NAOP interaction with the NPs is shown to alter oxidative stress and disturb membrane function in S. obliquus cells to a certain extent. Combined oxidative stress responses to the NPs and NAOP in D. rerio as a function of their mixture levels showed inhibition, alleviation, and reinforce. Changes in cellular oxidative stress and membrane function depended on the concentration and types of both NPs and NAOP. Furthermore, the characterization parameters of the NPs were important for the explanation of the ecotoxicological mechanism of the NPs in the presence of NAOP. Our findings emphasized the critical role of NAOP in the fate and toxicity of plastic particles in freshwater environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Zhuang Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, PR China.
| | - Se Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Hao Fang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Nan Ye
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, PR China
| | - Degao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, PR China
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102
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Botterell ZLR, Beaumont N, Dorrington T, Steinke M, Thompson RC, Lindeque PK. Bioavailability and effects of microplastics on marine zooplankton: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 245:98-110. [PMID: 30415037 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 376] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are abundant and widespread in the marine environment. They are a contaminant of global environmental and economic concern. Due to their small size a wide range of marine species, including zooplankton can ingest them. Research has shown that microplastics are readily ingested by several zooplankton taxa, with associated negative impacts on biological processes. Zooplankton is a crucial food source for many secondary consumers, consequently this represents a route whereby microplastic could enter the food web and transfer up the trophic levels. In this review we aim to: 1) evaluate the current knowledge base regarding microplastic ingestion by zooplankton in both the laboratory and the field; and 2) summarise the factors which contribute to the bioavailability of microplastics to zooplankton. Current literature shows that microplastic ingestion has been recorded in 39 zooplankton species from 28 taxonomic orders including holo- and meroplanktonic species. The majority of studies occurred under laboratory conditions and negative effects were reported in ten studies (45%) demonstrating effects on feeding behaviour, growth, development, reproduction and lifespan. In contrast, three studies (14%) reported no negative effects from microplastic ingestion. Several physical and biological factors can influence the bioavailability of microplastics to zooplankton, such as size, shape, age and abundance. We identified that microplastics used in experiments are often different to those quantified in the marine environment, particularly in terms of concentration, shape, type and age. We therefore suggest that future research should include microplastics that are more representative of those found in the marine environment at relevant concentrations. Additionally, investigating the effects of microplastic ingestion on a broader range of zooplankton species and life stages, will help to answer key knowledge gaps regarding the effect of microplastic on recruitment, species populations and ultimately broader economic consequences such as impacts on shell- and finfish stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara L R Botterell
- Marine Ecology and Biodiversity, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, UK; School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Nicola Beaumont
- Marine Ecology and Biodiversity, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, UK
| | - Tarquin Dorrington
- Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs, Seacole Block, 2 Marsham Street, London, SW1P 4DF, UK
| | - Michael Steinke
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Richard C Thompson
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research Centre (MBERC), School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Penelope K Lindeque
- Marine Ecology and Biodiversity, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, West Hoe, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, UK.
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103
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Horton AA, Vijver MG, Lahive E, Spurgeon DJ, Svendsen C, Heutink R, van Bodegom PM, Baas J. Acute toxicity of organic pesticides to Daphnia magna is unchanged by co-exposure to polystyrene microplastics. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 166:26-34. [PMID: 30243044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Daphnia magna were exposed to two pesticides in the presence or absence of microplastics (300 000 particles ml-1 1 µm polystyrene spheres) and to microplastics alone. The pesticides were dimethoate, an organophosphate insecticide with a low log Kow, and deltamethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide with a high log Kow. Daphnia were exposed to a nominal concentration range of 0.15, 0.31, 0.63, 1.25, 2.5, 5 mg l-1 dimethoate and 0.016, 0.08, 0.4, 2, 5 and 10 µg l-1 deltamethrin. Exposure to polystyrene microplastics alone showed no effects on Daphnia magna survival and mobility over a 72 h exposure. In the dimethoate exposures, mobility and survival were both affected from a concentration of 1.25 mg l-1, with effects were seen on mobility from 28 h and survival from 48 h, with greater effects seen with increasing concentration and exposure time. In deltamethrin exposures, survival was affected from a concentration of 0.4 µg l-1 and mobility from a concentration of 0.08 µg l-1. Effects of deltamethrin on mobility were seen from 5 h and on survival from 28 h, with greater effects on survival and mobility seen with increasing concentration and exposure time. Contrary to expectations, pesticide toxicity to Daphnia magna was not affected by the presence of microplastics, regardless of chemical binding affinity (log Kow). This therefore suggests that polystyrene microplastics are unlikely to act as a significant sink, nor as a vector for increased uptake of pesticides by aquatic organisms. CAPSULE: Polystyrene microplastics are unlikely to act as vector for increased uptake of pesticides by aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice A Horton
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford Oxfordshire OX10 8BB, UK; Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Leiden, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Martina G Vijver
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Leiden, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Elma Lahive
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford Oxfordshire OX10 8BB, UK
| | - David J Spurgeon
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford Oxfordshire OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Claus Svendsen
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford Oxfordshire OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Roel Heutink
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Leiden, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Peter M van Bodegom
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Leiden, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Baas
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford Oxfordshire OX10 8BB, UK; Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Leiden, P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands
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104
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Ašmonaitė G, Larsson K, Undeland I, Sturve J, Carney Almroth B. Size Matters: Ingestion of Relatively Large Microplastics Contaminated with Environmental Pollutants Posed Little Risk for Fish Health and Fillet Quality. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:14381-14391. [PMID: 30451497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated biological effects associated with ingestion of polystyrene (PS) microplastic (MPs) in fish. We examined whether ingestion of contaminated PS MPs (100-400 μm) results in chemical stress in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver and we explored whether this exposure can affect the oxidative stability of the fillet during ice storage. Juvenile rainbow trout were fed for 4 weeks with four different experimental diets: control (1) and feeds containing virgin PS MPs (2) or PS MPs exposed to sewage (3) or harbor (4) effluent. A suite of ecotoxicological biomarkers for oxidative stress and xenobiotic-related pathways was investigated in the hepatic tissue, and included gene expression analyses and enzymatic measurements. The potential impact of MPs exposure on fillet quality was investigated in a storage trial where lipid hydroperoxides, loss of redness and development of rancid odor were assessed as indications of lipid peroxidation. Although, chemical analysis of PS MPs revealed that particles sorb environmental contaminants (e.g., PAHs, nonylphenol and alcohol ethoxylates and others), the ingestion of relatively high doses of these PS MPs did not induce adverse hepatic stress in fish liver. Apart from small effect on redness loss in fillets of fish exposed to PS MPs, the ingestion of these particles did not affect lipid peroxidation or rancid odor development, thus did not affect fillet's quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giedrė Ašmonaitė
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences , University of Gothenburg , Medicinaregatan 18A , 413 90 Göteborg , Sweden
| | - Karin Larsson
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering-Food and Nutrition Science , Chalmers University of Technology , Kemivägen 10 , 412 96 Göteborg , Sweden
| | - Ingrid Undeland
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering-Food and Nutrition Science , Chalmers University of Technology , Kemivägen 10 , 412 96 Göteborg , Sweden
| | - Joachim Sturve
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences , University of Gothenburg , Medicinaregatan 18A , 413 90 Göteborg , Sweden
| | - Bethanie Carney Almroth
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences , University of Gothenburg , Medicinaregatan 18A , 413 90 Göteborg , Sweden
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105
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LeMoine CMR, Kelleher BM, Lagarde R, Northam C, Elebute OO, Cassone BJ. Transcriptional effects of polyethylene microplastics ingestion in developing zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:591-600. [PMID: 30218869 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, plastic waste has become an increasing environmental concern as it accumulates in every environment on our planet. Though traditionally seen as a macroscopic problem (i.e., large plastic debris), plastic pollution is also evident at smaller scales. Indeed, the intentional industrial production of small plastic particles and the physical degradation of larger plastic debris have overtime resulted in an increased environmental prevalence of smaller plastic particles, including microplastics. While the effects of these small polymers on marine biota have been an important research focus, recent global surveys indicate that our freshwater lakes and rivers are also plagued by microplastics. However, despite these discoveries we currently have a limited understanding of the impact these particles may have on freshwater animals, particularly on vertebrate species. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the impact of high concentrations of microplastics (5 and 20 mg.L-1) on the early life stages in zebrafish, a model freshwater vertebrate model. To do this, we exposed embryonic and larval zebrafish to fluorescently labelled polyethylene microspheres for up to 14 days and assessed their microplastic content, growth, hatching and oxygen consumption rates. We then explored the molecular underpinnings of the microplastic response by RNA sequencing. Over the course of the exposure, we observed a consistent accumulation of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract of the fish in a concentration dependent manner, but could not detect any detrimental effects of these particles on larval development, growth or metabolism. However, whole animal transcriptomics revealed that microplastics induced a transient and extensive change in larval gene expression within 48 h exposure, which largely disappeared by 14 days. However, as these transcriptional changes occurred during a critical period of larval development, we suggest that an evaluation of the potential long-term impact of these particles is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bailey M Kelleher
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba, R7A 6A9, Canada
| | - Raphaël Lagarde
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba, R7A 6A9, Canada; Hydrô Réunion, Z.I. Les Sables, 97427, Etang Salé, La Réunion, France; ENTROPIE, IRD, Université de La Réunion, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL, CS 41095, 2 rue Joseph Wetzell, Parc technologique universitaire, 97495, Sainte Clotilde Cedex, La Réunion, France
| | - Caleb Northam
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba, R7A 6A9, Canada
| | - Oluwadara O Elebute
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba, R7A 6A9, Canada
| | - Bryan J Cassone
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba, R7A 6A9, Canada
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106
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De Felice B, Bacchetta R, Santo N, Tremolada P, Parolini M. Polystyrene microplastics did not affect body growth and swimming activity in Xenopus laevis tadpoles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:34644-34651. [PMID: 30317408 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of studies have highlighted the contamination and the effects towards organisms of diverse microplastics (μPs) in the marine environment. Surprisingly, although the main sources of μPs for marine environments are inland surface waters, the information on the occurrence and the effects of μPs in freshwater ecosystems is still scant. Thus, the aim of the present work is to investigate the ingestion and possible adverse effects due to the exposure to polystyrene μPs (PSμPs; Ø = 3 μm) on tadpoles of the Amphibian Xenopus laevis. Larvae at the developmental stage 36, prior to mouth opening, were exposed under semi-static conditions to 0.125, 1.25, and 12.5 μg mL-1 of PSμPs, and allowed to develop until stage 46. At the end of the exposure, the digestive tract and the gills from exposed and control tadpoles were microscopically examined, as well as changes in body growth and swimming activity. PSμPs were observed in tadpoles' digestive tract, but not in the gills, from each tested concentration. However, neither body growth nor swimming activity were affected by PSμPs exposure. Our results demonstrated that PSμPs can be ingested by tadpoles, but they did not alter X. laevis development and swimming behavior at least during early-life stages, also at high, unrealistic concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice De Felice
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Renato Bacchetta
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Santo
- Unitech NOLIMITS, Imaging Facility, University of Milan, via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Tremolada
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Parolini
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milan, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milan, Italy
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107
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Rezania S, Park J, Md Din MF, Mat Taib S, Talaiekhozani A, Kumar Yadav K, Kamyab H. Microplastics pollution in different aquatic environments and biota: A review of recent studies. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 133:191-208. [PMID: 30041307 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are generated from plastic and have negative impact to our environment due to high level of fragmentation. They can be originated from various sources in different forms such as fragment, fiber, foam and so on. For detection of MPs, many techniques have been developed with different functions such as microscopic observation, density separation, Raman and FTIR analysis. Besides, due to ingestion of MPs by wide range of marine species, research on the effect of this pollution on biota as well as human is vital. Therefore, we comprehensively reviewed the occurrence and distribution of MPs pollution in both marine and freshwater environments, including rivers, lakes and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). For future studies, we propose the development of new techniques for sampling MPs in aquatic environments and biota and recommend more research regarding MPs release by WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahabaldin Rezania
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Junboum Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mohd Fadhil Md Din
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Shazwin Mat Taib
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | | | - Krishna Kumar Yadav
- Institute of Environment and Development Studies, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi 284128, India
| | - Hesam Kamyab
- Department of Engineering, UTM Razak School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
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108
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Barboza LGA, Vieira LR, Guilhermino L. Single and combined effects of microplastics and mercury on juveniles of the European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax): Changes in behavioural responses and reduction of swimming velocity and resistance time. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 236:1014-1019. [PMID: 29449115 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics and mercury are environmental pollutants of great concern. The main goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of these pollutants, both individually and in binary mixtures, on the swimming performance of juvenile European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax. Microplastics alone, mercury alone and all the mixtures caused significant reduction of the swimming velocity and resistance time of fish. Moreover, changes in behavioural responses including lethargic and erratic swimming behaviour were observed. These results highlight that fish behavioural responses can be used as sensitive endpoint to establish the effects of contamination by microplastics and also emphasizes the need to assess the combined effects of microplastics and other environmental contaminants, with special attention to the effects on behavioural responses in fish and other aquatic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Gabriel Antão Barboza
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Department of Populations Study, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology (ECOTOX), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Research Group of Ecotoxicology, Stress Ecology and Environmental Health (ECOTOX), Av. General Norton de Matos, S/n, 289, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, 70040-020 Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Luís Russo Vieira
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Department of Populations Study, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology (ECOTOX), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Research Group of Ecotoxicology, Stress Ecology and Environmental Health (ECOTOX), Av. General Norton de Matos, S/n, 289, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - Lúcia Guilhermino
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Department of Populations Study, Laboratory of Ecotoxicology (ECOTOX), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR/CIMAR-LA - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Research Group of Ecotoxicology, Stress Ecology and Environmental Health (ECOTOX), Av. General Norton de Matos, S/n, 289, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
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109
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Espinosa C, García Beltrán JM, Esteban MA, Cuesta A. In vitro effects of virgin microplastics on fish head-kidney leucocyte activities. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 235:30-38. [PMID: 29274535 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are well-documented pollutants in the marine environment that result from production or fragmentation of larger plastic items. The knowledge about the direct effects of microplastics on immunity, including fish, is still very limited. We investigated the in vitro effects of microplastics [polyvinylchloride (PVC) and polyethylene (PE)] on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) head-kidney leucocytes (HKLs). After 1 and 24 h of exposure of HKLs with 0 (control), 1, 10 and 100 mg mL-1 MPs in a rotatory system, cell viability, innate immune parameters (phagocytic, respiratory burst and peroxidase activities) and the expression of genes related to inflammation (il1b), oxidative stress (nrf2, prdx3), metabolism of xenobiotics (cyp1a1, mta) and cell apoptosis (casp3) were studied. Microplastics failed to affect the cell viability of HKLs. In addition, they provoke very few significant effects on the main cellular innate immune activities, as decrease on phagocytosis or increase in the respiratory burst of HKLs with the highest dose of microplastics tested. Furthermore, microplastics failed to affect the expression of the selected genes on sea bass or seabream, except the nrf2 which was up-regulated in seabream HKLs incubated with the highest doses. Present results seem to suggest that continue exposure of fish to PVC or PE microplastics could impair fish immune parameters probably due to the oxidative stress produced in the fish leucocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristóbal Espinosa
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - José María García Beltrán
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María Angeles Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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110
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Redondo-Hasselerharm PE, Falahudin D, Peeters ETHM, Koelmans AA. Microplastic Effect Thresholds for Freshwater Benthic Macroinvertebrates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:2278-2286. [PMID: 29337537 PMCID: PMC5822217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Now that microplastics have been detected in lakes, rivers, and estuaries all over the globe, evaluating their effects on biota has become an urgent research priority. This is the first study that aims at determining the effect thresholds for a battery of six freshwater benthic macroinvertebrates with different species traits, using a wide range of microplastic concentrations. Standardized 28 days single species bioassays were performed under environmentally relevant exposure conditions using polystyrene microplastics (20-500 μm) mixed with sediment at concentrations ranging from 0 to 40% sediment dry weight (dw). Microplastics caused no effects on the survival of Gammarus pulex, Hyalella azteca, Asellus aquaticus, Sphaerium corneum, and Tubifex spp. and no effects were found on the reproduction of Lumbriculus variegatus. No significant differences in growth were found for H. azteca, A. aquaticus, S. corneum, L. variegatus, and Tubifex spp. However, G. pulex showed a significant reduction in growth (EC10 = 1.07% sediment dw) and microplastic uptake was proportional with microplastic concentrations in sediment. These results indicate that although the risks of environmentally realistic concentrations of microplastics may be low, they still may affect the biodiversity and the functioning of aquatic communities which after all also depend on the sensitive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula E. Redondo-Hasselerharm
- Aquatic
Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
| | - Dede Falahudin
- Aquatic
Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin T. H. M. Peeters
- Aquatic
Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert A. Koelmans
- Aquatic
Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Wageningen Marine
Research, P.O. Box 68, 1970 AB IJmuiden, The Netherlands
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111
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Redondo-Hasselerharm PE, Falahudin D, Peeters ETHM, Koelmans AA. Microplastic Effect Thresholds for Freshwater Benthic Macroinvertebrates. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018. [PMID: 29337537 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b05367/asset/images/large/es-2017-05367n_0003.jpeg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Now that microplastics have been detected in lakes, rivers, and estuaries all over the globe, evaluating their effects on biota has become an urgent research priority. This is the first study that aims at determining the effect thresholds for a battery of six freshwater benthic macroinvertebrates with different species traits, using a wide range of microplastic concentrations. Standardized 28 days single species bioassays were performed under environmentally relevant exposure conditions using polystyrene microplastics (20-500 μm) mixed with sediment at concentrations ranging from 0 to 40% sediment dry weight (dw). Microplastics caused no effects on the survival of Gammarus pulex, Hyalella azteca, Asellus aquaticus, Sphaerium corneum, and Tubifex spp. and no effects were found on the reproduction of Lumbriculus variegatus. No significant differences in growth were found for H. azteca, A. aquaticus, S. corneum, L. variegatus, and Tubifex spp. However, G. pulex showed a significant reduction in growth (EC10 = 1.07% sediment dw) and microplastic uptake was proportional with microplastic concentrations in sediment. These results indicate that although the risks of environmentally realistic concentrations of microplastics may be low, they still may affect the biodiversity and the functioning of aquatic communities which after all also depend on the sensitive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula E Redondo-Hasselerharm
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University & Research , P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dede Falahudin
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University & Research , P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin T H M Peeters
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University & Research , P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert A Koelmans
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University & Research , P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Wageningen Marine Research, P.O. Box 68, 1970 AB IJmuiden, The Netherlands
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