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Ch'ng WC, Abd-Aziz N, Ong MH, Stanbridge EJ, Shafee N. Human renal carcinoma cells respond to Newcastle disease virus infection through activation of the p38 MAPK/NF-κB/IκBα pathway. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2015; 38:279-88. [PMID: 25930675 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-015-0229-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an oncolytic virus that is known to have a higher preference to cancer cells than to normal cells. It has been proposed that this higher preference may be due to defects in the interferon (IFN) responses of cancer cells. The exact mechanism underlying this process, however, remains to be resolved. In the present study, we examined the antiviral response towards NDV infection of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cells. ccRCC is associated with mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene VHL, whose protein product is important for eliciting cellular responses to changes in oxygen levels. The most common first line treatment strategy of ccRCC includes IFN. Unfortunately, most ccRCC cases are diagnosed at a late stage and often are resistant to IFN-based therapies. Alternative treatment approaches, including virotherapy using oncolytic viruses, are currently being investigated. The present study was designed to investigate the mechanistic pathways underlying the response of ccRCC cells to oncolytic NDV infection. METHODS AND RESULTS We found that NDV induces activation of NF-κB in ccRCC cells by inducing phosphorylation and subsequent degradation of IκBα. IκBα was found to be phosphorylated as early as 1 hour post-infection and to result in rapid NF-κB nuclear translocation and activation. Importantly, p38 MAPK phosphorylation was found to occur upstream of the NDV-induced NF-κB activation. Restoration of VHL in ccRCC cells did not result in a reduction of this phosphorylation. A similar phenomenon was also observed in several other cancer-derived cell lines. CONCLUSION Our data provide evidence for involvement of the p38 MAPK/NF-κB/IκBα pathway in NDV infection and subsequent induction of apoptosis in ccRCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Choong Ch'ng
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology & Biomolecular Sciences, and Institute of Biosciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
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102
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Park GB, Hur DY, Kim YS, Lee HK, Yang JW, Kim D. TLR3/TRIF signalling pathway regulates IL-32 and IFN-β secretion through activation of RIP-1 and TRAF in the human cornea. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:1042-54. [PMID: 25754842 PMCID: PMC4420606 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) and RNA helicase retinoic-acid-inducible protein-1 (RIG-I) serve as cytoplasmic sensors for viral RNA components. In this study, we investigated how the TLR3 and RIG-I signalling pathway was stimulated by viral infection to produce interleukin (IL)-32-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferon in the corneal epithelium using Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected human cornea epithelial cells (HCECs/EBV) as a model of viral keratitis. Increased TLR3 and RIG-I that are responded to EBV-encoded RNA 1 and 2 (EBER1 and EBER2) induced the secretion of IL-32-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokines and IFN-β through up-regulation of TRIF/TRAF family proteins or RIP-1. TRIF silencing or TLR3 inhibitors more efficiently inhibited sequential phosphorylation of TAK1, TBK1, NF-κB and IRFs to produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and IFN-β than RIG-I-siRNA transfection in HCECs/EBV. Blockade of RIP-1, which connects the TLR3 and RIG-I pathways, significantly blocked the TLR3/TRIF-mediated and RIG-I-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokines and IFN-β production in HCECs/EBV. These findings demonstrate that TLR3/TRIF-dependent signalling pathway against viral RNA might be a main target to control inflammation and anti-viral responses in the ocular surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Bin Park
- Department of Anatomy, Inje University College of MedicineBusan, Korea
- Ocular Neovascular disease Research Center, Inje University Busan Paik HospitalBusan, Korea
| | - Dae Young Hur
- Department of Anatomy, Inje University College of MedicineBusan, Korea
- Ocular Neovascular disease Research Center, Inje University Busan Paik HospitalBusan, Korea
| | - Yeong Seok Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Inje University College of MedicineBusan, Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Busan Paik HospitalBusan, Korea
| | - Jae Wook Yang
- Ocular Neovascular disease Research Center, Inje University Busan Paik HospitalBusan, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inje University Busan Paik HospitalBusan, Korea
| | - Daejin Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Inje University College of MedicineBusan, Korea
- Ocular Neovascular disease Research Center, Inje University Busan Paik HospitalBusan, Korea
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103
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Chau TL, Göktuna SI, Rammal A, Casanova T, Duong HQ, Gatot JS, Close P, Dejardin E, Desmecht D, Shostak K, Chariot A. A role for APPL1 in TLR3/4-dependent TBK1 and IKKε activation in macrophages. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:3970-83. [PMID: 25780039 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1401614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Endosomes have important roles in intracellular signal transduction as a sorting platform. Signaling cascades from TLR engagement to IRF3-dependent gene transcription rely on endosomes, yet the proteins that specifically recruit IRF3-activating molecules to them are poorly defined. We show that adaptor protein containing a pleckstrin-homology domain, a phosphotyrosine-binding domain, and a leucine zipper motif (APPL)1, an early endosomal protein, is required for both TRIF- and retinoic acid-inducible gene 1-dependent signaling cascades to induce IRF3 activation. APPL1, but not early endosome Ag 1, deficiency impairs IRF3 target gene expression upon engagement of both TLR3 and TLR4 pathways, as well as in H1N1-infected macrophages. The IRF3-phosphorylating kinases TBK1 and IKKε are recruited to APPL1 endosomes in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Interestingly, APPL1 undergoes proteasome-mediated degradation through ERK1/2 to turn off signaling. APPL1 degradation is blocked when signaling through the endosome is inhibited by chloroquine or dynasore. Therefore, APPL1 endosomes are critical for IRF3-dependent gene expression in response to some viral and bacterial infections in macrophages. Those signaling pathways involve the signal-induced degradation of APPL1 to prevent aberrant IRF3-dependent gene expression linked to immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieu-Lan Chau
- Interdisciplinary Cluster of Applied Genoproteomics, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Laboratory of Medical Chemistry, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Unit of Signal Transduction, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Serkan Ismail Göktuna
- Interdisciplinary Cluster of Applied Genoproteomics, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Laboratory of Medical Chemistry, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Unit of Signal Transduction, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Ayman Rammal
- Interdisciplinary Cluster of Applied Genoproteomics, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Laboratory of Medical Chemistry, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Unit of Signal Transduction, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Tomás Casanova
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals and Health, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Hong-Quan Duong
- Interdisciplinary Cluster of Applied Genoproteomics, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Laboratory of Medical Chemistry, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Unit of Signal Transduction, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Jean-Stéphane Gatot
- Interdisciplinary Cluster of Applied Genoproteomics, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Laboratory of Medical Chemistry, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Unit of Signal Transduction, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Pierre Close
- Interdisciplinary Cluster of Applied Genoproteomics, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Laboratory of Medical Chemistry, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Unit of Signal Transduction, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Dejardin
- Interdisciplinary Cluster of Applied Genoproteomics, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Unit of Signal Transduction, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Signal Transduction, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; and
| | - Daniel Desmecht
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals and Health, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Kateryna Shostak
- Interdisciplinary Cluster of Applied Genoproteomics, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Laboratory of Medical Chemistry, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Unit of Signal Transduction, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Alain Chariot
- Interdisciplinary Cluster of Applied Genoproteomics, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Laboratory of Medical Chemistry, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Unit of Signal Transduction, GIGA-Research, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Hospital University of Liege Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium
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105
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Jin J, Xiao Y, Hu H, Zou Q, Li Y, Gao Y, Ge W, Cheng X, Sun SC. Proinflammatory TLR signalling is regulated by a TRAF2-dependent proteolysis mechanism in macrophages. Nat Commun 2015; 6:5930. [PMID: 25565375 PMCID: PMC4286812 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction from toll-like receptors (TLRs) is important for innate immunity against infections, but deregulated TLR signalling contributes to inflammatory disorders. Here we show that myeloid cell-specific ablation of TRAF2 greatly promotes TLR-stimulated proinflammatory cytokine expression in macrophages and exacerbates colitis in an animal model of inflammatory bowel disease. TRAF2 deficiency does not enhance upstream signalling events, but it causes accumulation of two transcription factors, c-Rel and IRF5, known to mediate proinflammatory cytokine induction. Interestingly, TRAF2 controls the fate of c-Rel and IRF5 via a proteasome-dependent mechanism that also requires TRAF3 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase cIAP. We further show that TRAF2 also regulates inflammatory cytokine production in tumour-associated macrophages and facilitates tumour growth. These findings demonstrate an unexpected anti-inflammatory function of TRAF2 and suggest a proteasome-dependent mechanism that limits the proinflammatory TLR signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Jin
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yichuan Xiao
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Qiang Zou
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yanchuan Li
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yanpan Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Dongdan Santiao 5#, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Wei Ge
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Dongdan Santiao 5#, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xuhong Cheng
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Shao-Cong Sun
- 1] Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA [2] Center for Inflammation and Cancer, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7455 Fannin Street, Box 902, Houston, Texas 77030, USA [3] The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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106
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Schmitz ML, Kracht M, Saul VV. The intricate interplay between RNA viruses and NF-κB. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:2754-2764. [PMID: 25116307 PMCID: PMC7114235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
RNA viruses have rapidly evolving genomes which often allow cross-species transmission and frequently generate new virus variants with altered pathogenic properties. Therefore infections by RNA viruses are a major threat to human health. The infected host cell detects trace amounts of viral RNA and the last years have revealed common principles in the biochemical mechanisms leading to signal amplification that is required for mounting of a powerful antiviral response. Components of the RNA sensing and signaling machinery such as RIG-I-like proteins, MAVS and the inflammasome inducibly form large oligomers or even fibers that exhibit hallmarks of prions. Following a nucleation event triggered by detection of viral RNA, these energetically favorable and irreversible polymerization events trigger signaling cascades leading to the induction of antiviral and inflammatory responses, mediated by interferon and NF-κB pathways. Viruses have evolved sophisticated strategies to manipulate these host cell signaling pathways in order to ensure their replication. We will discuss at the examples of influenza and HTLV-1 viruses how a fascinating diversity of biochemical mechanisms is employed by viral proteins to control the NF-κB pathway at all levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lienhard Schmitz
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Friedrichstrasse 24, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Michael Kracht
- Rudolf-Buchheim-Institute of Pharmacology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Vera V Saul
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Friedrichstrasse 24, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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