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Nowak-Kiczmer M, Niedziela N, Czuba ZP, Sowa P, Wierzbicki K, Lubczyński M, Adamczyk-Sowa M. Assessment of serum inflammatory parameters in RRMS and SPMS patients. Neurol Res 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38697017 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2024.2337503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease. Patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and secondary progressive MS (SPMS) differ in their responses to treatment; therefore, the correct diagnosis of the particular type of MS is crucial, and biomarkers that can differentiate between the forms of MS need to be identified. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of inflammatory parameters in serum samples from patients with RRMS and SPMS. METHODS The study group consisted of 60 patients with diagnosed MS. The patients were divided into RRMS and SPMS groups. In the RRMS patients, the usage of disease-modifying treatment was included in our analysis. The serum levels of inflammatory parameters were evaluated. RESULTS The serum levels of BAFF, gp130 and osteopontin were significantly higher in SPMS patients than in RRMS patients. The serum levels of BAFF correlated with age in both RRMS and SPMS patients. The serum levels of MMP-2 were significantly higher in RRMS patients than in SPMS patients and correlated with the number of past relapses. The serum levels of IL-32 were significantly higher in RRMS treatment-naïve patients than in RRMS patients treated with disease-modifying therapy. DISCUSSION Significant differences were found in BAFF, gp130, MMP-2 and osteopontin levels between RRMS and SPMS patients. Serum IL-32 levels were statistically lower in RRMS patients treated with disease-modifying therapy than in treatment-naïve patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nowak-Kiczmer
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Natalia Niedziela
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Zenon P Czuba
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Paweł Sowa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Oncological Laryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Wierzbicki
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Michał Lubczyński
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Monika Adamczyk-Sowa
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
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Jo H, Shin S, Agura T, Jeong S, Ahn H, Lee J, Kim Y, Kang JS. The Role of α-Enolase on the Production of Interleukin (IL)-32 in Con A-Mediated Inflammation and Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:531. [PMID: 38675491 PMCID: PMC11054489 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-32 is produced by T lymphocytes, natural killer cells, monocytes, and epithelial cells. IL-32 induces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8, and IL-32 expression is highly increased in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Enolase-1 (ENO1) is a glycolytic enzyme and the stimulation of ENO1 induces high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in concanavalin A (Con A)-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and macrophages in RA patients. In addition, there are many reports that anti-ENO1 antibody is correlated with the disease progression of RA. It implies that ENO1 could regulate IL-32 production during inflammation related to the pathogenesis of RA. Therefore, we investigated the role of ENO1 in IL-32 production using Con A-activated PBMCs and RA PBMCs. IL-32 expression is increased by ENO1 stimulation using real-time PCR and ELISA. In addition, we confirmed that IL-32 production was decreased in Con A-activated PBMCs and RA PBMCs pre-treated with NF-κB or p38 MAPK pathway inhibitors. Taken together, these results suggest that ENO1 plays an important role in inflammation through the induction of IL-32 production by the activation of the NF-κB and p38 MAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejung Jo
- Laboratory of Vitamin C and Antioxidant Immunology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (H.J.); (T.A.); (S.J.); (H.A.); (J.L.); (Y.K.)
| | - Seulgi Shin
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea;
| | - Tomoyo Agura
- Laboratory of Vitamin C and Antioxidant Immunology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (H.J.); (T.A.); (S.J.); (H.A.); (J.L.); (Y.K.)
| | - Seoyoun Jeong
- Laboratory of Vitamin C and Antioxidant Immunology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (H.J.); (T.A.); (S.J.); (H.A.); (J.L.); (Y.K.)
| | - Hyovin Ahn
- Laboratory of Vitamin C and Antioxidant Immunology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (H.J.); (T.A.); (S.J.); (H.A.); (J.L.); (Y.K.)
| | - Junmyung Lee
- Laboratory of Vitamin C and Antioxidant Immunology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (H.J.); (T.A.); (S.J.); (H.A.); (J.L.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yejin Kim
- Laboratory of Vitamin C and Antioxidant Immunology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (H.J.); (T.A.); (S.J.); (H.A.); (J.L.); (Y.K.)
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae Seung Kang
- Laboratory of Vitamin C and Antioxidant Immunology, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (H.J.); (T.A.); (S.J.); (H.A.); (J.L.); (Y.K.)
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea;
- Artificial Intelligence Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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3
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Zhao S, Li L, Komohara Y, Matsubara E, Shinchi Y, Adawy A, Yano H, Pan C, Fujiwara Y, Ikeda K, Suzu S, Hibi T, Suzuki M. IL-32 production from lung adenocarcinoma cells is potentially involved in immunosuppressive microenvironment. Med Mol Morphol 2024:10.1007/s00795-023-00378-5. [PMID: 38316697 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-023-00378-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin 32 (IL-32) is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted from several kinds of cancer cells. In the present study, we investigated the significance of IL-32 in lung adenocarcinoma by immunohistochemistry and bioinformatics analysis. IL-32 was positive in cancer cells of 21 cases (9.2%) of total 228 cases. Increased IL-32 gene expression was linked to worse clinical course in TCGA analysis, however, IL-32 expression in immunohistochemistry was not associated to clinical course in our cohort. It was also found that high IL-32 expression was seen in cases with increased lymphocyte infiltration. In vitro studies indicated that IFN-γ induced gene expression of IL-32 and PD1-ligands in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. IL-32, especially IL-32β, also induced overexpression of PD1-ligands in human monocyte-derived macrophages. Additionally, Cancer-cell-derived IL-32 was elevated by stimulation with anticancer agents. In conclusion, IL-32 potentially induced by inflammatory conditions and anticancer therapy and contribute to immune escape of cancer cells via development the immunosuppressive microenvironment. IL-32 might be a target molecule for anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukang Zhao
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Lianbo Li
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Eri Matsubara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Shinchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ahmad Adawy
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiromu Yano
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Cheng Pan
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Koei Ikeda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Suzu
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Taizo Hibi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Suzuki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Breast Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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4
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Huang X, Li Y, Tong X, Wu Y, Zhang R, Sheng L, Xu J, Yu Z, Chen Z, Sun T, Wang F, Yang Q, Li Z, Gao C, Ma L, Ding H, Zang S, Yang N, Zhang TN, Liu J. Increased Circulating IL-32 Is Associated With Placenta Macrophage-derived IL-32 and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:333-343. [PMID: 37708356 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Placenta-derived inflammation plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). IL-32 is a novel pro-inflammatory cytokine and metabolic regulator involved in the development of metabolic disease. We investigated the effect of IL-32 in GDM. MATERIALS AND METHODS First-trimester C-reactive protein (CRP) level was monitored in a case-control study of 186 women with GDM and 186 women without. Placental tissue was lysed and analyzed by high-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Circulating level of inflammatory cytokines IL-32, IL-6, and TNF-α were measured by ELISA kits. The expression of placenta-derived macrophages, inflammatory cytokines, and related pathway proteins were assessed by reverse transcriptase-quantitative PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry, or immunofluorescence. RESULTS First-trimester CRP level in peripheral blood was closely associated with glucose and insulin resistance index and was an independent correlation with the development of GDM. High-resolution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry revealed that placenta-derived CRP expression was dramatically elevated in women with GDM. Interestingly, the expression of placenta-derived IL-32 was also increased and located in the macrophages of placental tissue. Meanwhile, the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and p-p38 were up-regulated in the placental tissues with GDM. Either IL-6 or TNF-α was colocated with IL-32 in the placental tissue. Importantly, circulating IL-32 throughout pregnancy was increased in GDM and was related to placental-derived IL-32 expression, circulating IL-6, and TNF-α, glucose and insulin resistance index. CONCLUSION Increased circulating IL-32 throughout pregnancy was closely associated with placenta macrophage-derived IL-32 expression and GDM. First trimester IL-32 level in peripheral blood may serve to predict the development of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoxu Tong
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yueyue Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Li Sheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhiyan Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zaoping Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tiange Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhangyan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Cuijun Gao
- Department of Obstetrics, Wujing Hospital, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Obstetrics, Wujing Hospital, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Heyuan Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shufei Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ni Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Tie-Ning Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Ramani H, Gosselin A, Bunet R, Jenabian MA, Sylla M, Pagliuzza A, Chartrand-Lefebvre C, Routy JP, Goulet JP, Thomas R, Trottier B, Martel-Laferrière V, Fortin C, Chomont N, Fromentin R, Landay A, Durand M, Ancuta P, El-Far M, Tremblay C. IL-32 Drives the Differentiation of Cardiotropic CD4+ T-Cells Carrying HIV DNA in People Living with HIV. J Infect Dis 2023:jiad576. [PMID: 38113908 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-32 is a potent multi-isoform proinflammatory cytokine, which is upregulated in people living with HIV (PLWH) and is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, the impact of IL-32 isoforms on CD4 T-cell cardiotropism, a mechanism potentially contributing to heart inflammation, remains unknown. Here we show that IL-32 isoforms β and γ induce the generation of CCR4 + CXCR3 + double positive (DP) memory CD4 T-cell subpopulation expressing the tyrosine kinase receptor c-Met, a phenotype associated with heart-homing of T-cells. Our ex vivo studies on PLWH show that the frequency of DP CD4 T-cells is significantly higher in individuals with, compared to individuals without, subclinical atherosclerosis and that DP cells from antiretroviral-naïve and treated individuals are highly enriched with HIV DNA. Together, these data demonstrate that IL-32 isoforms have the potential to induce heart-homing of HIV-infected CD4 T-cells, which may further aggravate heart inflammation and CVD in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ramani
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - A Gosselin
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - R Bunet
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - M A Jenabian
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec, Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - M Sylla
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - A Pagliuzza
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - C Chartrand-Lefebvre
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Radiologie, Radio-oncologie et Médecine Nucléaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - J P Routy
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - R Thomas
- Clinique médicale l'Actuel, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - B Trottier
- Centre de médecine urbaine du Quartier latin, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - V Martel-Laferrière
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - C Fortin
- CHUM: Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - N Chomont
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - R Fromentin
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - A Landay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Durand
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - P Ancuta
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - M El-Far
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - C Tremblay
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Adawy A, Li L, Hirao H, Irie T, Yoshii D, Yano H, Fujiwara Y, Esumi S, Honda M, Suzu S, Komohara Y, Hibi T. Potential involvement of IL-32 in cell-to-cell communication between macrophages and hepatoblastoma. Pediatr Surg Int 2023; 39:275. [PMID: 37751001 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-023-05557-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the expression of interleukin 32 (IL-32) in hepatoblastoma, the most common primary pediatric liver tumor, and its possible roles in tumorigenesis. METHODS IL-32 expression was investigated in two hepatoblastoma cell lines (Hep G2 and HuH 6) in the steady state and after co-culture with macrophages by RNA-seq analysis and RT-qPCR, and after stimulation with chemotherapy. Cultured macrophages were stimulated by IL-32 isoforms followed by RT-qPCR and western blot analysis. IL-32 immunohistochemical staining (IHC) was performed using specimens from 21 hepatoblastoma patients. Clustering analysis was also performed using scRNA-seq data downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus. RESULTS The IL-32 gene is expressed by hepatoblastoma cell lines; expression is upregulated by paracrine cell-cell communication with macrophages, also by carboplatin and etoposide. IL-32 causes protumor activation of macrophages with upregulation of PD-L1, IDO-1, IL-6, and IL-10. In the patient pool, IHC was positive only in 48% of cases. However, in the downloaded dataset, IL-32 gene expression was negative. CONCLUSION IL-32 was detected in hepatoblastoma cell lines, but not in all hepatoblastoma patients. We hypothesized that stimulation such as chemotherapy might induce expression of IL-32, which might be a critical mediator of chemoresistance in hepatoblastoma through inducing protumor activation in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Adawy
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuouku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Lianbo Li
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuouku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Hiroki Hirao
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuouku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Irie
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuouku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Daiki Yoshii
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuouku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hiromu Yano
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuouku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujiwara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuouku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Esumi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Honda
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Suzu
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Chuouku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
- Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Taizo Hibi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Transplantation, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
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7
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Abstract
IL-32 is a recently described cytokine that performs a variety of functions under inflammatory conditions. Serum IL-32 has been shown to be elevated in several diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cancer, systemic lupus erythematosus, HIV infection, and atopic diseases including atopic dermatitis. There are nine different isoforms of IL-32, with IL-32γ being the most biologically active one. The following review summarizes the different roles of the various IL-32 isoforms in the context of skin inflammation, with a focus on atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Wallimann
- Christine Kühne – Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mirjam Schenk
- Christine Kühne – Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
- Institute of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, Experimental Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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8
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Kastnes M, Aass KR, Bouma SA, Årseth C, Zahoor M, Yurchenko M, Standal T. The pro-tumorigenic cytokine IL-32 has a high turnover in multiple myeloma cells due to proteolysis regulated by oxygen-sensing cysteine dioxygenase and deubiquitinating enzymes. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1197542. [PMID: 37313466 PMCID: PMC10258340 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1197542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-32 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine expressed by several types of cancer cells and immune cells. Currently, no treatment targeting IL-32 is available, and its intracellular and exosomal localization make IL-32 less accessible to drugs. We previously showed that hypoxia promotes IL-32 expression through HIF1α in multiple myeloma cells. Here, we demonstrate that high-speed translation and ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation lead to a rapid IL-32 protein turnover. We find that IL-32 protein half-life is regulated by the oxygen-sensing cysteine-dioxygenase ADO and that deubiquitinases actively remove ubiquitin from IL-32 and promote protein stability. Deubiquitinase inhibitors promoted the degradation of IL-32 and may represent a strategy for reducing IL-32 levels in multiple myeloma. The fast turnover and enzymatic deubiquitination of IL-32 are conserved in primary human T cells; thus, deubiquitinase inhibitors may also affect T-cell responses in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kastnes
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristin Roseth Aass
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Siri Anshushaug Bouma
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Charlotte Årseth
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Muhammad Zahoor
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mariia Yurchenko
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Therese Standal
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Hematology, St.Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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9
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Cantelli BA, Segura GG, Bitencourt TA, de Abreu MH, Petrucelli MF, Peronni K, Sanches PR, Beleboni RO, da Silva Junior WA, Martinez-Rossi NM, Marins M, Fachin AL. Transcriptome Analysis of Co-Cultures of THP-1 Human Macrophages with Inactivated Germinated Trichophyton rubrum Conidia. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9050563. [PMID: 37233274 DOI: 10.3390/jof9050563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although most mycoses are superficial, the dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum can cause systemic infections in patients with a weakened immune system, resulting in serious and deep lesions. The aim of this study was to analyze the transcriptome of a human monocyte/macrophage cell line (THP-1) co-cultured with inactivated germinated T. rubrum conidia (IGC) in order to characterize deep infection. Analysis of macrophage viability by lactate dehydrogenase quantification showed the activation of the immune system after 24 h of contact with live germinated T. rubrum conidia (LGC). After standardization of the co-culture conditions, the release of the interleukins TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-12 was quantified. The greater release of IL-12 was observed during co-culturing of THP-1 with IGC, while there was no change in the other cytokines. Next-generation sequencing of the response to T. rubrum IGC identified the modulation of 83 genes; of these, 65 were induced and 18 were repressed. The categorization of the modulated genes showed their involvement in signal transduction, cell communication, and immune response pathways. In total, 16 genes were selected for validation and Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.98, indicating a high correlation between RNA-seq and qPCR. Modulation of the expression of all genes was similar for LGC and IGC co-culture; however, the fold-change values were higher for LGC. Due to the high expression of the IL-32 gene in RNA-seq, we quantified this interleukin and observed an increased release in co-culture with T. rubrum. In conclusion, the macrophages-T. rubrum co-culture model revealed the ability of these cells to modulate the immune response, as demonstrated by the release of proinflammatory cytokines and the RNA-seq gene expression profile. The results obtained permit to identify possible molecular targets that are modulated in macrophages and that could be explored in antifungal therapies involving the activation of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Aline Cantelli
- Biotechnology Unit, University of Ribeirão Preto-UNAERP, Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil
| | | | - Tamires Aparecida Bitencourt
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | | | - Monise Fazolin Petrucelli
- Biotechnology Unit, University of Ribeirão Preto-UNAERP, Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil
| | - Kamila Peronni
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Pablo Rodrigo Sanches
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil
| | - Rene Oliveira Beleboni
- Biotechnology Unit, University of Ribeirão Preto-UNAERP, Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil
- Medicine School, University of Ribeirão Preto-UNAERP, Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil
| | | | - Nilce Maria Martinez-Rossi
- Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil
| | - Mozart Marins
- Biotechnology Unit, University of Ribeirão Preto-UNAERP, Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil
- Medicine School, University of Ribeirão Preto-UNAERP, Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Fachin
- Biotechnology Unit, University of Ribeirão Preto-UNAERP, Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil
- Medicine School, University of Ribeirão Preto-UNAERP, Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, Brazil
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10
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Hough JT, Zhao L, Lequio M, Heslin AJ, Xiao H, Lewis CC, Zhang J, Bai Q, Wakefield MR, Fang Y. IL-32 and its Paradoxical Role in Neoplasia. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 186:104011. [PMID: 37105370 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is an interleukin cytokine usually linked to inflammation. In recent years, it has been found that IL-32 exhibits both pro- and anti-tumor effects. Although most of those effects from IL-32 appear to favor tumor growth, some isoforms have shown to favor tumor suppression. This suggests that the role of IL-32 in neoplasia is very complex. Thus, the role of IL-32 in these various cancers and protein pathways makes it a very crucial component to consider when looking at potential therapeutic options in tumor treatment. In this review, we will explore what is currently known about IL-32, including its relationship with tumorigenesis and the potential for IL-32 to enhance local and systemic anti-tumor immune responses. Such a study might be helpful to accelerate the development of IL-32-based immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T Hough
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA, 50312; Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212
| | - Lei Zhao
- The Department of Respiratory Medicine, the 2nd People's Hospital of Hefei and Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Marco Lequio
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212
| | - Aidan J Heslin
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212
| | - Huaping Xiao
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA, 50312; Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902
| | - Cade C Lewis
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212
| | - Justin Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212
| | - Qian Bai
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212
| | - Mark R Wakefield
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212
| | - Yujiang Fang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA, 50312; Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, 65212.
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11
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Tomasi M, Cherubini A, Pelusi S, Margarita S, Bianco C, Malvestiti F, Miano L, Romeo S, Prati D, Valenti L. Circulating Interlukin-32 and Altered Blood Pressure Control in Individuals with Metabolic Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087465. [PMID: 37108628 PMCID: PMC10138906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver disease is most frequently related to metabolic dysfunction (MAFLD) and associated comorbidities, heightening the risk of cardiovascular disease, and is associated with higher hepatic production of IL32, a cytokine linked with lipotoxicity and endothelial activation. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between circulating IL32 concentration and blood pressure control in individuals with metabolic dysfunction at high risk of MAFLD. IL32 plasma levels were measured by ELISA in 948 individuals with metabolic dysfunction enrolled in the Liver-Bible-2021 cohort. Higher circulating IL32 levels were independently associated with systolic blood pressure (estimate +0.008 log10 per 1 mmHg increase, 95% c.i. 0.002-0.015; p = 0.016), and inversely correlated with antihypertensive medications (estimate -0.189, 95% c.i. -0.291--0.088, p = 0.0002). Through multivariable analysis, IL32 levels predicted both systolic blood pressure (estimate 0.746, 95% c.i 0.173-1.318; p = 0.010) and impaired blood pressure control (OR 1.22, 95% c.i. 1.09-1.38; p = 0.0009) independently of demographic and metabolic confounders and of treatment. This study reveals that circulating IL32 levels are associated with impaired blood pressure control in individuals at risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Tomasi
- Precision Medicine Lab-Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cherubini
- Precision Medicine Lab-Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Pelusi
- Precision Medicine Lab-Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Margarita
- Precision Medicine Lab-Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Cristiana Bianco
- Precision Medicine Lab-Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Malvestiti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Miano
- Precision Medicine Lab-Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Romeo
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Wallenberg Laboratory, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniele Prati
- Precision Medicine Lab-Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Valenti
- Precision Medicine Lab-Department of Transfusion Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
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12
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Lei J, Xu F, Deng C, Nie X, Zhong L, Wu Z, Li J, Wu X, He S, Chen Y. Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes the early occurrence of esophageal cancer through upregulation of IL-32/PRTN3 expression. Cancer Sci 2023. [PMID: 36919771 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that gastrointestinal microbiome is associated with the development of esophageal cancer, but the relationship and molecular mechanism between esophageal microbiota and the early development of esophageal cancer remain unclear. Here, we found that Lactobacillus, Escherichia-Shigella, Rikenellaceae-RC9-gut-group, Morganella, and Fusobacterium were more abundant in early-stage esophageal cancer (EEC) tissues compared with normal esophageal tissues. The abundance of bacteria such as Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, Actinobacillus, and Neisseria in advanced esophageal cancer (AEC) was higher than that in EEC. Then, we further verified that Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) was enriched in EEC tissues and that its abundance increased with the progression of esophageal cancer by FISH and RT-PCR. Next, we demonstrated that Fn promoted the proliferation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we confirmed that Fn promoted ESCC proliferation by upregulating the expression of interleukin (IL)-32/proteinase 3 (PRTN3) and then activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In conclusion, Fn promoted the early development of ESCC by upregulating the expression of IL-32/PRTN3 and thereby activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism of Fn in early esophageal cancer may contribute to the development of early screening markers to diagnose ESCC and provide new targets for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xubiao Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Li Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Zhixuan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Song He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yongyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
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13
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Zamani B, Momen-Heravi M, Erami M, Motedayyen H, ArefNezhad R. Impacts of IL-27 and IL-32 in the pathogenesis and outcome of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2023; 44:242-255. [PMID: 36602425 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2022.2164506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the immune system participate in the pathogenesis and development of infectious diseases. Previous studies have indicated immune dysregulation in patients suffering from COVID-19 and mucormycosis. Therefore, this study investigated whether interleukin-27 (IL-27) and interleukin-32 (IL-32) levels may participate in the development and outcome of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM). The blood samples were obtained from 79 patients suffering from COVID-19 and mucormycosis and 25 healthy subjects. The serum samples were isolated from the whole blood and frequencies of some immune cells were measured by a cell counter. The levels of IL-27 and IL-32 were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IL-27 and IL-32 levels were significantly lower in patients with COVID-19 and mucormycosis than healthy subjects (P < .05), although there was no significant difference in IL-27 between patients with COVID-19 and CAM. IL-27 level was significantly higher in severe COVID-19 survivors than dead cases (P < .01). Patients with CAM had significant increases in NLR compared to COVID-19 patients and healthy individuals (P < .0001-0.01). NLR was significantly associated with COVID-19 outcome (P < .05). Severe COVID-19 survivors had a significant reduction in NLR compared to non-survivors (P < .05). Changes in IL-27 and IL-32 levels may contribute to the pathogenesis of CAM. IL-27 may relate to the pathogenesis and outcomes of mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batool Zamani
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Momen-Heravi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahzad Erami
- Kashan Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hossein Motedayyen
- Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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14
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Kwon OC, Park MC, Kim YG. Interleukin-32 as a biomarker in rheumatic diseases: A narrative review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1140373. [PMID: 36875066 PMCID: PMC9974820 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1140373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is an important cytokine involved in the innate and adaptive immune responses. The role of IL-32 has been studied in the context of various diseases. A growing body of research has investigated the role of IL-32 in rheumatic diseases including inflammatory arthritides (rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriatic arthritis) and connective tissue diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, granulomatosis and polyangiitis, and giant cell arteritis). IL-32 has been shown to play different roles according to the type of rheumatic diseases. Hence, the putative role of IL-32 as a biomarker is also different in each rheumatic disease: IL-32 could serve as a biomarker for disease activity in some diseases, whereas in other diseases it could be a biomarker for certain disease manifestations. In this narrative review, we summarize the associations between IL-32 and various rheumatic diseases and discuss the putative role of IL-32 as a biomarker in each disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oh Chan Kwon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Chan Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Gil Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institution for Life Science, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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15
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Numasaki M, Ito K, Takagi K, Nagashima K, Notsuda H, Ogino H, Ando R, Tomioka Y, Suzuki T, Okada Y, Nishioka Y, Unno M. Diverse and divergent functions of IL-32β and IL-32γ isoforms in the regulation of malignant pleural mesothelioma cell growth and the production of VEGF-A and CXCL8. Cell Immunol 2023; 383:104652. [PMID: 36516653 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2022.104652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we sought to elucidate the roles of the interleukin (IL)-32β and IL-32γ in mesothelioma cell growth, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8) expression. IL-32 elicited a growth-promoting effect against one of the six mesotheliomas lines and exerted diverse regulatory functions in VEGF-A and CXCL8 secretion from mesotheliomas stimulated with or without IL-17A. Retroviral-mediated transduction of mesothelioma lines with IL-32γ resulted in enhanced IL-32β expression, which facilitated or suppressed the in vitro growth, and VEGF-A and CXCL8 expression. Overexpressed IL-32β-augmented growth and VEGF-A and CXCL8 production were mainly mediated through the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) signaling pathway. On the other hand, overexpressed IL-32β-deceased growth was mediated through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. NCI-H2373IL-32γ tumors grew faster than NCI-H2373Neo tumors in a xenograft model, which was associated with increased vascularity. These findings indicate that IL-32 are involved in the regulation of growth and angiogenic factor production in mesotheliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneo Numasaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan; Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Science and Welfare, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0295, Japan.
| | - Koyu Ito
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Takagi
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kengo Nagashima
- Biostatistics Unit, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Notsuda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Ogino
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Rika Ando
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Science and Welfare, Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Tomioka
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Okada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Nishioka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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16
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Aass KR, Tryggestad SS, Mjelle R, Kastnes MH, Nedal TMV, Misund K, Standal T. IL-32 is induced by activation of toll-like receptors in multiple myeloma cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1107844. [PMID: 36875074 PMCID: PMC9978100 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1107844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological cancer characterized by accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. The patients are immune suppressed and suffer from recurrent and chronic infections. Interleukin-32 is a non-conventional, pro-inflammatory cytokine expressed in a subgroup of MM patients with a poor prognosis. IL-32 has also been shown to promote proliferation and survival of the cancer cells. Here we show that activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) promotes expression of IL-32 in MM cells through NFκB activation. In patient-derived primary MM cells, IL-32 expression is positively associated with expression of TLRs. Furthermore, we found that several TLR genes are upregulated from diagnosis to relapse in individual patients, predominantly TLRs sensing bacterial components. Interestingly, upregulation of these TLRs coincides with an increase in IL-32. Taken together, these results support a role for IL-32 in microbial sensing in MM cells and suggest that infections can induce expression of this pro-tumorigenic cytokine in MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Roseth Aass
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Synne Stokke Tryggestad
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Robin Mjelle
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Bioinformatics Core Facility - BioCore, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Pathology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Martin H Kastnes
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tonje Marie Vikene Nedal
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristine Misund
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Therese Standal
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Hematology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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17
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Borzouei S, Gholamian-Hamadan M, Behzad M. Impact of interleukin-32α on T helper cell-related cytokines, transcription factors, and proliferation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 45:268-276. [PMID: 36263937 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2138430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ability of interleukin (IL)-32α to induce T helper (Th) 1, Th17, and Treg cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17, and IL-10, respectively), and transcription factors [(signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 and T-box (T-bet) for Th1, STAT3 and retinoid-related orphan receptor (ROR)-γt for Th17, and STAT5 and forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) for Treg)] were investigated in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). IL-32α effects on Th cell proliferation and related factors including IL-2 and NF-κB were also explored. METHODS Serum levels of IL-32α in 31 patients and 31 healthy controls (HCs) were determined by ELISA assay. CD4+ T cells cultured with polyclonal activators in the presence and absence of recombinant IL-32α (rIL-32α). Gene expressions in cultured Th cells were assessed with real-time PCR. Cytokines in supernatants were measured with ELISA. Proliferation experiments were assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS The patients showed significant increase in IL-32α levels compared with HCs and its levels were positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c. rIL-32α enhanced IL-17 and IL-2 production, increased ROR-γt and NF-κB expression, and enhanced Th proliferation in both patients and HCs. In patients, IL-17, ROR-γt, NF-κB, and proliferation levels were higher than those in HCs, in cultures with and without rIL-32α (rIL-32α+ and rIL-32α-). IL-2 levels in rIL-32α+cultures of patients were significantly higher than the HCs, and it was positively correlated with proliferation rate and NF-κB expression. CONCLUSIONS Aberrant IL-32α levels are participated in T2DM pathogenesis. IL-32α potently induces Th17-related factors and amplifies the proliferative function of T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Borzouei
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Behzad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Abstract
Interleukin-32 (IL-32) has several immune regulatory properties, which have driven its investigation in the context of various diseases. IL-32 expression is reported to be induced in the lesions of patients with American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) by the New World Leishmania spp. that are responsible for causing ATL and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). IL-32 expression may elevate the inflammatory process through the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and also via mechanisms directed to kill the parasites. The genetic variants of IL-32 might be associated with the resistance or susceptibility to ATL, while different isoforms of IL-32 could be associated with distinct T helper lymphocyte profiles. IL-32 also determines the transcriptional profile in the bone marrow progenitor cells to mediate the trained immunity induced by β-glucan and BCG, thereby contributing to the resistance against Leishmania. IL-32γ is essential for the vitamin D-dependent microbicidal pathway for parasite control. In this context, the present review report briefly discusses the data retrieved from the studies conducted on IL-32 in leishmaniasis in humans and mice to highlight the current challenges to understanding the role of IL-32 in leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Ribeiro-Dias
- Laboratório de Imunidade Natural, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Iara Barreto Neves Oliveira
- Laboratório de Imunidade Natural, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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19
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Sun Y, Qian Y, Chen C, Wang H, Zhou X, Zhai W, Qiu L, Zhou X, Ning H, Zhao Y, Shi C, Han L, Qi Y, Wu Y, Gao Y. Extracellular vesicle IL-32 promotes the M2 macrophage polarization and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via FAK/STAT3 pathway. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:145. [PMID: 35428295 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02348-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Metastasis is the leading cause of mortality in human cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). As a pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-32 was reported to be a poor prognostic factor in many cancers. However, the role of IL-32 in ESCC metastasis remains unknown. Methods ESCC cells with ectopic expression or knockdown of IL-32 were established and their effects on cell motility were detected. Ultracentrifugation, Transmission electron microscopy and Western blot were used to verify the existence of extracellular vesicle IL-32 (EV-IL-32). Coculture assay, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and in vivo lung metastasis model were performed to identify how EV-IL-32 regulated the crosstalk between ESCC cells and macrophages. Results Here, we found that IL-32 was overexpressed and positively correlated to lymph node metastasis of ESCC. IL-32 was significantly higher in the tumor nest compared with the non-cancerous tissue. We found that IL-32β was the main isoform and loaded in EV derived from ESCC cells. The shuttling of EV-IL-32 derived from ESCC cells into macrophages could promote the polarization of M2 macrophages via FAK-STAT3 pathway. IL-32 overexpression facilitated lung metastasis and was positively correlated with the proportion of M2 macrophages in tumor microenvironment. Conclusions Taken together, our results indicated that EV-IL-32 derived from ESCC cell line could be internalized by macrophages and lead to M2 macrophage polarization via FAK-STAT3 pathway, thus promoting the metastasis of ESCC. These findings indicated that IL-32 could serve as a potential therapeutic target in patients with ESCC. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02348-8.
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20
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Gomes RS, Silva MVT, Oliveira MAP, Joosten LAB, Ribeiro-Dias F. Protective immune response mediated by neutrophils in experimental visceral leishmaniasis is enhanced by IL-32γ. Cell Immunol 2021; 371:104449. [PMID: 34784560 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are important cells in protection against microbial infections including visceral leishmaniasis (VL). It is well known that IL-32γ increases the protective T helper 17 cell mediated immune response against Leishmania infantum. Thus, in this study we evaluated whether IL-32 γ can increase the protective role of neutrophils against VL. In comparison with wild type (WT) mice, transgenic mice for human IL-32 γ (IL-32 γ Tg) presented a higher frequency and absolute number of neutrophils in both spleen and liver after the establishment of L. infantum infection. The IL-32 concentrations correlated with neutrophil numbers in the infected tissues. The IL-32 γ -induced recruitment of neutrophils was dependent on IL-17, since inhibition of Th17 T cells generation and IL-17 production with digoxin treatment reversed the effects of IL-32 γ. In murine neutrophils, the presence of IL-32 γ enhanced the phagocytosis of L. infantum via CR3. In addition, murine IL-32 γ Tg neutrophils were able to kill L. infantum due to the increased production of ROS when compared with WT neutrophils. In fact, IL-32 γ Tg mice lost their ability to control infection by L. infantum when neutrophils were depleted. In parallel, treatment of human neutrophils with recombinant IL-32 γ increased phagocytosis and ROS-dependent killing of L. infantum, similarly to murine IL-32 γ Tg neutrophils. The data show that IL-32 γ induces neutrophil recruitment to organs affected by VL and increases phagocytosis and killing of L. infantum by neutrophils. Together, data indicate the pivotal axis IL-32 γ -Th17-neutrophils to control VL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Saar Gomes
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Fátima Ribeiro-Dias
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
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21
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Law CC, Puranik R, Fan J, Fei J, Hambly BD, Bao S. Clinical Implications of IL-32, IL-34 and IL-37 in Atherosclerosis: Speculative Role in Cardiovascular Manifestations of COVID-19. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:630767. [PMID: 34422917 PMCID: PMC8377289 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.630767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, which is a primary cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths around the world, is a chronic inflammatory disease that is characterised by the accumulation of lipid plaques in the arterial wall, triggering inflammation that is regulated by cytokines/chemokines that mediate innate and adaptive immunity. This review focuses on IL-32, -34 and -37 in the stable vs. unstable plaques from atherosclerotic patients. Dysregulation of the novel cytokines IL-32, -34 and -37 has been discovered in atherosclerotic plaques. IL-32 and -34 are pro-atherogenic and associated with an unstable plaque phenotype; whereas IL-37 is anti-atherogenic and maintains plaque stability. It is speculated that these cytokines may contribute to the explanation for the increased occurrence of atherosclerotic plaque rupture seen in patients with COVID-19 infection. Understanding the roles of these cytokines in atherogenesis may provide future therapeutic perspectives, both in the management of unstable plaque and acute coronary syndrome, and may contribute to our understanding of the COVID-19 cytokine storm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Chee Law
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rajesh Puranik
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jingchun Fan
- School of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian Fei
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre for Model Organisms, SMOC, Shanghai, China
| | - Brett D Hambly
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shisan Bao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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22
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Han L, Chen S, Chen Z, Zhou B, Zheng Y, Shen L. Interleukin 32 Promotes Foxp3 + Treg Cell Development and CD8 + T Cell Function in Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Microenvironment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:704853. [PMID: 34414188 PMCID: PMC8369465 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.704853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 32 (IL-32) is involved in infectious diseases and cancer, but what subtypes of immune cells express IL-32 and its roles in tumor microenvironment (TME) have not been well discussed. In this study, we applied bioinformatics to analyze single-cell RNA sequencing data about tumor-infiltrating immune cells from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) TME and analyzed IL-32 expression in different immune cell types. We found CD4+ regulatory T cells (Treg cells) express the highest level of IL-32, while proliferating T and natural killer cells expressed relatively lower levels. Knocking down of IL-32 reduced Foxp3 and interferon gamma (IFNγ) expressions in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, respectively. IL-32 was positively correlated with Foxp3, IFNG, and GZMB expression but was negatively correlated with proliferation score. IL-32 may have a contradictory role in the TME such as it promotes IFNγ expression in CD8+ T cells, which enhances the antitumor activity, but at the same time induces Foxp3 expression in CD4+ T cells, which suppresses the tumor immune response. Our results demonstrate different roles of IL-32 in Treg cells and CD8+ T cells and suggest that it can potentially be a target for ESCC cancer immunosuppressive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheyi Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingqian Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingxia Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisong Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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23
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Jafrin S, Abdul Aziz M, Islam MS. Impact of interleukin-32 germ-line rs28372698 and intronic rs12934561 polymorphisms on cancer development: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:107964. [PMID: 34271417 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-32 has high susceptibility to develop cancer. But no previous meta-analysis was done to provide firm evidence. This systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the association of IL-32 gene polymorphisms (rs28372698 and rs12934561) with cancer. METHOD Eligible studies were selected using authentic databases searching from January 2013 to January 2021. Demographic data and genotypic information were extracted and organized from the selected studies. Review Manager (RevMan) version 5.4 was used to perform data analysis and data arrangement for meta-analysis. RESULTS A total of seven studies with 3395 patients and 3781 controls were included in this study. IL-32 rs28372698 polymorphism implied that mutant allele (TT) carriers had a significantly higher risk of cancer (OR = 1.43, p = 0.032). Codominant 3, recessive and allele models also showed 1.36-, 1.38- and 1.11-fold increased risk, respectively (p < 0.05). Besides, the Asian population showed a significantly increased risk in codominant 2 (OR = 1.74), codominant 3 (OR = 1.78), recessive (OR = 1.76) and allele model (OR = 1.16). IL-32 rs12934561 showed significantly reduced cancer risk in codominant 1 (OR = 0.66. p = 0.035), codominant 2 (OR = 0.76, p = 0.007), and dominant model (OR = 0.72, p = 0.012). After subgroup analysis, an association of rs12934561 was found in Asians (codominant 1: OR = 0.54, p = 7.28 × 10-8; codominant 2: OR = 1.40, p = 0.019; codominant 3: OR = 0.76, p = 0.0006; dominant model: OR = 0.64, p = 1.12 × 10-5; overdominant model: OR = 0.64, p = 3.92 × 10-7) but not in Caucasians. After stratifying with the control source, a significant (p < 0.05) association of rs28372698 and rs12934561 was found with cancer in population-based controls. No publication bias was found, and the outcome of this meta-analysis was not influenced by any individual study confirmed from sensitivity analysis. Moreover, trial sequential analysis (TSA) established a link between rs28372698 and rs12934561 polymorphisms and cancer. CONCLUSION The outcome of this meta-analysis revealed that IL-32 rs28372698 and rs12934561 polymorphisms are associated with cancer. Moreover, the Asian dynasty had a significant association compared to Caucasians.
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24
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Silva MVT, Dos Santos JC, Figueiredo AMBD, Teufel LU, Pereira JX, Matos GGD, Pinto SA, Netea MG, Gomes RS, Joosten LAB, Ribeiro-Dias F. The role of IL-32 in Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-induced trained immunity in infections caused by different Leishmania spp. Microb Pathog 2021; 158:105088. [PMID: 34260904 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cells of the innate immune system undergo long-term functional reprogramming in response to Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) exposure via a process called trained immunity, conferring nonspecific protection to unrelated infections. Here, we investigate whether BCG-induced trained immunity is able to protect against infections caused by different Leishmania spp., protozoa that cause cutaneous and mucosal or visceral lesions. METHODS We used training models of human monocytes with BCG and subsequent infection by L. braziliensis, L. amazonensis and L. infantum, and the vaccination of wild-type and transgenic mice for IL-32γ before in vivo challenge with parasites. RESULTS We demonstrated that monocytes trained with BCG presented enhanced ability to kill L. braziliensis, L. amazonensis and L. infantum through increased production of reactive oxygen species. Interleukin (IL)-32 appears to play an essential role in the development of trained immunity. Indeed, BCG exposure induced IL-32 production in human primary monocytes, both mRNA and protein. We have used a human IL-32γ transgenic mouse model (IL-32γTg) to study the effect of BCG vaccination in different Leishmania infection models. BCG vaccination decreased lesion size and parasite load in infections caused by L. braziliensis and reduced the spread of L. amazonensis to other organs in both infected wild-type (WT) and IL-32γTg mice. In addition, BCG reduced the parasite load in the spleen, liver and bone marrow of both WT and IL-32γTg mice infected with L. infantum. BCG vaccination increased inflammatory infiltrate in infected tissues caused by different Leishmania spp. In all infections, the presence of IL-32γ was not mandatory, but it increased the protective and inflammatory effects of BCG-induced training. CONCLUSIONS BCG's ability to train innate immune cells, providing protection against leishmaniasis, as well as the participation of IL-32γ in this process, pave the way for new treatment strategies for this neglected infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Vilela Teodoro Silva
- Laboratório de Imunidade Natural (LIN), Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Cristina Dos Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ana Marina Barroso de Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Imunidade Natural (LIN), Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lisa U Teufel
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathas Xavier Pereira
- Pathology Sector, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Grazzielle Guimarães de Matos
- Laboratório de Imunidade Natural (LIN), Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Sebastião Alves Pinto
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Goiás and Instituto Goiano de Oncologia e Hematologia (INGOH), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Saar Gomes
- Laboratório de Imunidade Natural (LIN), Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Fátima Ribeiro-Dias
- Laboratório de Imunidade Natural (LIN), Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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25
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Boreika R, Sitkauskiene B. Interleukin-32 in Pathogenesis of Atopic Diseases: Proinflammatory or Anti-Inflammatory Role? J Interferon Cytokine Res 2021; 41:235-243. [PMID: 34280028 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2020.0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic asthma (AA), and allergic rhinitis (AR), are increasingly becoming a worldwide issue. This atopic triad originates at an early age and on a multifactorial basis, causing significant discomfort to susceptible individuals. The global case number is now reaching new highs, so exploring immune system regulation and its components is becoming critical. One cytokine, interleukin-32 (IL-32), is involved in inflammation and regulation of the immune system. It has nine isoforms that show varying degrees of expression, both intracellularly and extracellularly. IL-32 is secreted by immune cells, such as monocytes, macrophages, natural killer cells, and T cells, and by nonimmune cells, including fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells. Its production is regulated and augmented by microorganisms, mitogens, and other cytokines. Early studies demonstrated that IL-32 was an immune regulator that functioned to protect against inflammatory diseases, including AD, AA, and AR, and proposed a proinflammatory role for IL-32 in immune regulation and symptom exacerbation. However, several later reports suggested that IL-32 is downregulated in inflammatory diseases and exerts an anti-inflammatory effect. This review article focuses on recent findings regarding the detrimental and protective roles of IL-32 in development and management of inflammatory diseases. The exact role of IL-32 in AD, AA, and AR still remains to be elucidated. Future research should explore new avenues of IL-32 functionality in human inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rytis Boreika
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Brigita Sitkauskiene
- Department of Immunology and Allergology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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26
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Zheng S, Li M, Pan X, Huang X. Association of IL-32 rs28372698 polymorphism with active chronic HBV infection. J Med Virol 2021; 93:6236-6240. [PMID: 34138488 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-32 (IL-32), a multiple proinflammatory cytokine, plays a vital role in immune-related diseases and infectious diseases. The promoter region of IL-32, which showed functional polymorphism, could regulate IL-32 expression. Although IL-32 rs28372698 polymorphism has been related to a lot of inflammatory diseases, the association of IL-32 rs28372698 polymorphism with a hepatic flare of chronic HBV infection has not been reported. In the present study, IL-32 rs28372698 polymorphism was genotyped in 104 chronic HBV carriers and 151 active chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. The frequency of IL-32 T/T genotype in patients with active CHB was significantly higher than that in chronic HBV carriers. Furthermore, the frequency of the T allele at IL-32 rs28372698 in active CHB patients was also higher than that in chronic HBV carriers. The serum level of IL-32 in active CHB patients was higher than that in chronic HBV carriers. Our results imply that IL-32 T/T polymorphism might be associated with a hepatic flare of chronic HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Biomedicine Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Li
- VIP Healthcare Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingfei Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Huang
- Department of General Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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27
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Mohammad-Rezaei M, Ahmadi R, Rafiei A, Khaledifar A, Fattahi S, Samiei-Sefat A, Emami S, Bagheri N. Serum levels of IL-32 in patients with coronary artery disease and its relationship with the serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4263-4271. [PMID: 34086163 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06441-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The coronary artery disease (CAD) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by atherosclerosis, in which arteries become clogged due to plaque formation, fat accumulation, and various sorts of immune cells. IL-32 is a proinflammatory cytokine, which enhances inflammation through inducing the secretion of different inflammatory cytokines. The main objective of the current study was to assess the serum levels of IL-32 in subjects with obstructive CAD and its relationship with the serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α. This study was performed on 42 subjects with obstructive CAD and 42 subjects with non-obstructive CAD. The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-32 were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-32 were 3.2, 3.48, and 2.7 times higher in obstructive CAD compared to non-obstructive CAD, respectively. Moreover, the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-32 in obstructive CAD with cardiac arterial stenosis in one major vessel were significantly higher than the levels in obstructive CAD with cardiac arterial stenosis in more than one major vessel. ROC curve analysis revealed that the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-32 were good predictors of obstructive CAD. Moreover, multiple logistic regression analyses suggested that the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-32, LDL, and ox-LDL were independently related to the presence of obstructive CAD, while serum levels of HDL were not. TNF-α, IL-32, and IL-6 showed an increase in obstructive CAD, and the serum levels of these cytokines showed a satisfactory ability for predicting obstructive CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Mohammad-Rezaei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Ali Rafiei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Arsalan Khaledifar
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Soheila Fattahi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Azadeh Samiei-Sefat
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shohreh Emami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Nader Bagheri
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.
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El-Far M, Durand M, Turcotte I, Larouche-Anctil E, Sylla M, Zaidan S, Chartrand-Lefebvre C, Bunet R, Ramani H, Sadouni M, Boldeanu I, Chamberland A, Lesage S, Baril JG, Trottier B, Thomas R, Gonzalez E, Filali-Mouhim A, Goulet JP, Martinson JA, Kassaye S, Karim R, Kizer JR, French AL, Gange SJ, Ancuta P, Routy JP, Hanna DB, Kaplan RC, Chomont N, Landay AL, Tremblay CL. Upregulated IL-32 Expression And Reduced Gut Short Chain Fatty Acid Caproic Acid in People Living With HIV With Subclinical Atherosclerosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:664371. [PMID: 33936102 PMCID: PMC8083984 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.664371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART), people living with HIV (PLWH) are still at higher risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) that are mediated by chronic inflammation. Identification of novel inflammatory mediators with the inherent potential to be used as CVD biomarkers and also as therapeutic targets is critically needed for better risk stratification and disease management in PLWH. Here, we investigated the expression and potential role of the multi-isoform proinflammatory cytokine IL-32 in subclinical atherosclerosis in PLWH (n=49 with subclinical atherosclerosis and n=30 without) and HIV- controls (n=25 with subclinical atherosclerosis and n=24 without). While expression of all tested IL-32 isoforms (α, β, γ, D, ϵ, and θ) was significantly higher in peripheral blood from PLWH compared to HIV- controls, IL-32D and IL-32θ isoforms were further upregulated in HIV+ individuals with coronary artery atherosclerosis compared to their counterparts without. Upregulation of these two isoforms was associated with increased plasma levels of IL-18 and IL-1β and downregulation of the atheroprotective protein TRAIL, which together composed a unique atherosclerotic inflammatory signature specific for PLWH compared to HIV- controls. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that modulation of these inflammatory variables was independent of age, smoking, and statin treatment. Furthermore, our in vitro functional data linked IL-32 to macrophage activation and production of IL-18 and downregulation of TRAIL, a mechanism previously shown to be associated with impaired cholesterol metabolism and atherosclerosis. Finally, increased expression of IL-32 isoforms in PLWH with subclinical atherosclerosis was associated with altered gut microbiome (increased pathogenic bacteria; Rothia and Eggerthella species) and lower abundance of the gut metabolite short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) caproic acid, measured in fecal samples from the study participants. Importantly, caproic acid diminished the production of IL-32, IL-18, and IL-1β in human PBMCs in response to bacterial LPS stimulation. In conclusion, our studies identified an HIV-specific atherosclerotic inflammatory signature including specific IL-32 isoforms, which is regulated by the SCFA caproic acid and that may lead to new potential therapies to prevent CVD in ART-treated PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Far
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM)-Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Madeleine Durand
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM)-Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Turcotte
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM)-Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Mohamed Sylla
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM)-Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sarah Zaidan
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM)-Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Carl Chartrand-Lefebvre
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM)-Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Radiologie, Radio-oncologie et Médecine Nucléaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Rémi Bunet
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM)-Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hardik Ramani
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM)-Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Manel Sadouni
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM)-Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Irina Boldeanu
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM)-Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Annie Chamberland
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM)-Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Lesage
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Guy Baril
- Centre de médecine urbaine du Quartier latin, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Benoit Trottier
- Centre de médecine urbaine du Quartier latin, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Emmanuel Gonzalez
- Department of Human Genetics, Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Microbiome Platform Research, McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative in Infection and Immunity, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ali Filali-Mouhim
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM)-Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Jeffrey A Martinson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Seble Kassaye
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Roksana Karim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jorge R Kizer
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Audrey L French
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago IL, United States
| | - Stephen J Gange
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Petronela Ancuta
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM)-Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - David B Hanna
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Divsion of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Nicolas Chomont
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM)-Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alan L Landay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Cécile L Tremblay
- University of Montreal Hospital Centre (CRCHUM)-Research Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Liu D, Li Q, Ding H, Zhao G, Wang Z, Cao C, Dai Y, Zheng M, Zhu X, Wu Q, Wang Y, Duan H, Tang H, Lu X, Hou Y, Hu Y. Placenta-derived IL-32β activates neutrophils to promote preeclampsia development. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:979-91. [PMID: 33707686 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00636-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune activation at the maternal-fetal interface is a main pathogenic factor of preeclampsia (PE). Neutrophils (PMNs) are activated in PE patients, but the mechanism and consequences of PMN activation need to be further explored. Here, we demonstrated that interleukin-32 (IL-32) expression was significantly upregulated in syncytiotrophoblasts (STBs) and that IL-32β was the major isoform with increased expression in the placenta of severe PE (sPE) patients. Furthermore, the level of IL-32 expression in the placenta was correlated with its level in the serum of sPE patients, indicating that IL-32 in the serum is derived mainly from the placenta. Then, in vitro experiments showed that IL-32β could highly activate PMNs and that these IL-32β-activated PMNs were better able to adhere to endothelial cells (HUVECs) and enhance the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in HUVECs, which could be reversed by preincubation with the NADPH oxidase inhibitor VAS 2870. In addition, we showed that IL-32β mainly activated PMNs by binding to proteinase 3. Finally, IL-32β administration induced a PE-like phenotype in a pregnant mouse model. This study provides evidence of the involvement of IL-32β in the pathogenesis of PE.
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Zhang J, Sun X, Zhong L, Shen B. IL-32 exacerbates adenoid hypertrophy via activating NLRP3-mediated cell pyroptosis, which promotes inflammation. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:226. [PMID: 33495843 PMCID: PMC7851829 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is a common pediatric disease caused by inflammatory stimulation. The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-32 has been reported to promote airway inflammation and also be involved in the pyroptosis pathway. However, whether IL-32 can contribute to AH by mediating pyroptosis remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the role of IL-32 in AH and determine the potential underlying mechanisms. Adenoid tissues were collected from healthy children and children with AH, and the expression of IL-32, NACHT LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) and IL-1β in normal and hypertrophic tissues were measured. Human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpCs) were exposed to a series of IL-32 concentrations. HNEpCs with or without IL-32 silencing were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, gasdermin D (GSDMD) activation, production of inflammatory cytokines and the expression levels of proteins related to the potential mechanisms were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence staining, ELISA and western blot assays, respectively. The results showed that IL-32, NLRP3 and IL-1β exhibited higher expression in adenoid tissues with AH compared with normal tissues. In HNEpC cells, treatment with IL-32 (2 and 10 ng/ml) promoted cell proliferation, while 50 ng/ml IL-32 inhibited cell proliferation at 12, 24 and 48 h post-treatment. IL-32 (2, 10 and 50 ng/ml) also resulted in differing degrees of apoptosis, GSDMD activation, release of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and increased protein expression levels of NLRP3, cleaved-caspase-1, activated GSDMD, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein (NOD) 1/2 and Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, compared with the LPS group, IL-32 knockdown significantly inhibited LPS-induced enhancement of cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, GSDMD activation and production of inflammatory cytokines, and reversed the increased protein expression of NLRP3, cleaved-caspase-1, activated GSDMD, NOD1/2 and TLR4. In conclusion, IL-32 may play a role in the progression of AH via promoting inflammation, and the potential mechanism may involve the activation of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin 300134, P.R. China
| | - Xuyuan Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin 300134, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin 300134, P.R. China
| | - Bei Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin 300134, P.R. China
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31
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Wu K, Zeng J, Shi X, Xie J, Li Y, Zheng H, Peng G, Zhu G, Tang D, Wu S. Targeting TIGIT Inhibits Bladder Cancer Metastasis Through Suppressing IL-32. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:801493. [PMID: 35069212 PMCID: PMC8766971 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.801493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a highly metastatic tumor and one of the most common malignancies originating in the urinary tract. Despite the efficacy of immune checkpoints, including programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), the effect of immunotherapy for bladder cancer remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new targets to expand immunotherapeutic options. In this study, we utilized single-cell sequencing to explore the cell composition of tumors and detected a subset of Treg cells with high expression of T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) and interleukin (IL)-32. The antitumor immune response was suppressed by this subset of Treg cells, while IL-32 promoted bladder cancer metastasis. Nevertheless, targeting TIGIT not only reversed immunosuppression by restoring the antitumor immune response mediated by T cells but also suppressed the secretion of IL-32 and inhibited the metastasis of bladder cancer cells. Thus, our study provided novel insights into immunosuppression in bladder cancer and highlighted TIGIT as a novel target for immunotherapy of bladder cancer. We also illustrated the mechanism of the dual effect of targeting TIGIT and revealed the metastasis-promoting effect of IL-32 in bladder cancer. Collectively, these findings raise the possibility of utilizing TIGIT as a target against bladder cancer from the bench to the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medicine Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xulian Shi
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medicine Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiajia Xie
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medicine Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqing Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medicine Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haoxiang Zheng
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medicine Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoyu Peng
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medicine Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guanghui Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medicine Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongdong Tang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Following Precision Medicine Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (Luohu Hospital Group), Shenzhen, China
- Medical Laboratory of Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Teaching Center of Shenzhen Luohu Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Song Wu,
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32
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Gong L, Liu G, Zhu H, Li C, Li P, Liu C, Tang H, Wu K, Wu J, Liu D, Tang X. IL-32 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition by triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress in A549 cells. BMC Pulm Med 2020; 20:278. [PMID: 33097029 PMCID: PMC7585222 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-020-01319-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process in the onset and development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) with unclear mechanisms. Our previous studies found that bleomycin and tunicamycin could induce ER stress and consequently trigger EMT accompanying with IL-32 overexpression. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of IL-32 on EMT and ER stress to elucidate the pathogenesis of IPF. Methods Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were treated with recombinant human (rh)IL-32, IL-32 siRNA and EMT inducer tunicamycin, or 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), respectively. Then the cell morphology was observed and the expression of ER-related markers and EMT-related markers were detected by RT-qPCR or western blotting. Results Stimulation of A549 cells with rhIL-32 led to a morphological change from a pebble-like shape to an elongated shape in a portion of the cells, accompanied by down regulated expression of the epithelial cell marker E-cadherin and up regulated expression of the mesenchymal cell markers N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Zeb-1. However, these rhIL-32 induced changes were inhibited by the ER stress inhibitor 4-PBA. Suppression of IL-32 expression with siRNA inhibited TM-induced EMT. Further stimulation of the A549 cells with rhIL-32 demonstrated an increase in the expression of GRP78, although this increase was also inhibited by 4-PBA. Conclusions These results suggest that IL-32 induces EMT in A549 cells by triggering ER stress, and IL-32 may be a novel marker for IPF. Supplementary information Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s12890-020-01319-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Gong
- The First Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, 601 W. Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, 510630, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China
| | - Honglan Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Caihong Li
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Pengmei Li
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Changlu Liu
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Hongbo Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.,Scientific Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.,Scientific Research Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Daishun Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China. .,Department of Respiratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Zunyi), No.98 Fenghuang Road, Zunyi, 563002, Guizhou, China.
| | - Xiaoping Tang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, 601 W. Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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33
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Teufel LU, Joosten LAB, Dos Santos JC. Immunotherapeutic Potential of Interleukin-32 and Trained Immunity for Leishmaniasis Treatment. Trends Parasitol 2021; 37:130-41. [PMID: 33082090 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases annually account for several million infections worldwide. Efficacious treatment for these poorly understood infectious diseases is often limited to ineffective, expensive, and toxic therapies such as the SbV used for leishmaniasis patients. Here, we review the latest discoveries and literature on the molecular pathways, cell types, and immune mediators involved in the immune response to infection with New World Leishmania spp. in humans and their interaction with the adaptive and innate immune system. Novel developments in the field of trained innate immunity and the recently described role of IL-32 are emphasized as potential immunotherapeutic treatments for the management of leishmaniasis.
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34
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Dos Santos JC, Barroso de Figueiredo AM, Teodoro Silva MV, Cirovic B, de Bree LCJ, Damen MSMA, Moorlag SJCFM, Gomes RS, Helsen MM, Oosting M, Keating ST, Schlitzer A, Netea MG, Ribeiro-Dias F, Joosten LAB. β-Glucan-Induced Trained Immunity Protects against Leishmania braziliensis Infection: a Crucial Role for IL-32. Cell Rep 2020; 28:2659-2672.e6. [PMID: 31484076 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
American tegumentary leishmaniasis is a vector-borne parasitic disease caused by Leishmania protozoans. Innate immune cells undergo long-term functional reprogramming in response to infection or Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination via a process called trained immunity, conferring non-specific protection from secondary infections. Here, we demonstrate that monocytes trained with the fungal cell wall component β-glucan confer enhanced protection against infections caused by Leishmania braziliensis through the enhanced production of proinflammatory cytokines. Mechanistically, this augmented immunological response is dependent on increased expression of interleukin 32 (IL-32). Studies performed using a humanized IL-32 transgenic mouse highlight the clinical implications of these findings in vivo. This study represents a definitive characterization of the role of IL-32γ in the trained phenotype induced by β-glucan or BCG, the results of which improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing trained immunity and Leishmania infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Cristina Dos Santos
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Sciences (RILMS), Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | - Branko Cirovic
- Myeloid Cell Biology, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - L Charlotte J de Bree
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Sciences (RILMS), Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines, Bandim Health Project, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark; Odense Patient Data Explorative Network, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Michelle S M A Damen
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Sciences (RILMS), Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Simone J C F M Moorlag
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Sciences (RILMS), Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo S Gomes
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Monique M Helsen
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marije Oosting
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Sciences (RILMS), Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Samuel T Keating
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Sciences (RILMS), Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - A Schlitzer
- Myeloid Cell Biology, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics Unit at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the University of Bonn, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Mihai G Netea
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Sciences (RILMS), Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department for Genomics and Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, Germany
| | - Fátima Ribeiro-Dias
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Sciences (RILMS), Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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35
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Aass KR, Kastnes MH, Standal T. Molecular interactions and functions of IL-32. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 109:143-159. [PMID: 32869391 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0620-550r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-32 is a multifaceted cytokine associated with several diseases and inflammatory conditions. Its expression is induced in response to cellular stress such as hypoxia, infections, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. IL-32 can be secreted from cells and can induce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines from several cell types but are also described to have anti-inflammatory functions. The intracellular form of IL-32 is shown to play an important role in various cellular processes, including the defense against intracellular bacteria and viruses and in modulation of cell metabolism. In this review, we discuss current literature on molecular interactions of IL-32 with other proteins. We also review data on the role of intracellular IL-32 as a metabolic regulator and its role in antimicrobial host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Roseth Aass
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Martin H Kastnes
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Therese Standal
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Hematology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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Di Benedetto P, Guggino G, Manzi G, Ruscitti P, Berardicurti O, Panzera N, Grazia N, Badagliacca R, Riccieri V, Vizza CD, Radchenko G, Liakouli V, Ciccia F, Cipriani P, Giacomelli R. Interleukin-32 in systemic sclerosis, a potential new biomarker for pulmonary arterial hypertension. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22:127. [PMID: 32487240 PMCID: PMC7268373 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc), associated with a progressive elevation in pulmonary vascular resistance and subsequent right heart failure and death. Due to unspecific symptoms, the diagnosis of PAH is often delayed. On this basis, it is of great value to improve current diagnostic methods and develop new strategies for evaluating patients with suspected PAH. Interleukin-32 (IL-32) is a proinflammatory cytokine expressed in damaged vascular cells, and the present study aimed to assess if this cytokine could be a new biomarker of PAH during SSc. Methods The IL-32 expression was evaluated in the sera and skin samples of 18 SSc-PAH patients, 21 SSc patients without PAH, 15 patients with idiopathic PAH (iPAH) and 14 healthy controls (HCs), by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to evaluate the cut-off of IL-32 in identifying patients with PAH. Furthermore, in SSc patients, correlation analyses were performed between IL-32 sera levels and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) evaluated by right heart catheterization (RHC) and systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP), obtained by echocardiography. Additionally, the number of skin IL-32+ cells was correlated with modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS). Results In SSc-PAH patients, IL-32 sera levels were significantly higher when compared with SSc patients without PAH and patients affected by iPAH. The analysis of ROC curve showed that IL-32 sera levels above 11.12 pg/ml were able to predict patients with PAH (sensitivity = 90%, specificity = 100%). Furthermore, the IL-32 sera levels of patients with SSc correlated with both mPAP and sPAP. In the skin derived from SSc-PAH patients, the number of IL-32+ cells was significantly increased when compared with the skin derived from SSc patients without PAH, correlating with the mRSS. Conclusion Our study suggested that sera determination of IL-32 may be a promising approach to evaluate the presence of PAH in SSc patients and together with longitudinal future studies could help to increase the understanding how these biomarkers mirror the vascular changes and the inflammatory process during SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Di Benedetto
- Clinical Pathology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuliana Guggino
- Rheumatology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Manzi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Piero Ruscitti
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Onorina Berardicurti
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Noemi Panzera
- Clinical Pathology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Nicolò Grazia
- Clinical Pathology Unit, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberto Badagliacca
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Riccieri
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Dario Vizza
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ganna Radchenko
- Secondary Hypertension Department with Pulmonary Hypertension Center, State Institute National Scientific Center "MD Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology" of Ukrainian National Academy of Medical Science, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Vasiliki Liakouli
- Rheumatology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Ciccia
- Rheumatology Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Cipriani
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
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37
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Liu C, Xu X, Huang C, Shang D, Zhang L, Wang Y. Inhibition of IL-32 Expression Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via the NOD/MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1713-27. [PMID: 32474900 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01557-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia represents a major cause of disability, yet its precise mechanism remains unknown. In addition, ischemia-reperfusion injury which occurs during the blood recovery process increases the risk of mortality, and is not adequately addressed with current treatment. To improve therapeutic options, it is important to explore the vital substances that play a pivotal role in ischemia-reperfusion injury. This study is the first to investigate the role of IL-32, a vital pro-inflammatory factor, in models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. The results showed that IL-32 was highly expressed in both in vivo and in vitro models. The proteins of the NOD/MAPK/NF-κB pathway were also up-regulated, indicating a potential signaling pathway mechanism. Inhibition of IL-32 and blocking of the NOD/MAPK/NF-κB pathway increased cell survival, decreased the level of inflammatory factors and inflammasomes, and attenuated nitrosative stress. Taken together, the results show that inhibition of IL-32 expression ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via the NOD/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. The findings in this study reveal that IL-32 is a vital target of ischemia-reperfusion injury, providing a new avenue for treatment development.
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38
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Liu B, Ma X, Wang Q, Luo S, Zhang L, Wang W, Fu Y, Allain JP, Li C, Li T. Marmoset Viral Hepatic Inflammation Induced by Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein via IL-32. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:135. [PMID: 32373543 PMCID: PMC7186372 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Common marmosets infected with GB virus-B (GBV-B) chimeras containing hepatitis C virus (HCV) core and envelope proteins (CE1E2p7) developed more severe hepatitis than those infected with HCV envelope proteins (E1E2p7), suggesting that HCV core protein might be involved in the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis. The potential role of HCV core in hepatic inflammation was investigated. Six individual cDNA libraries of liver tissues from HCV CE1E2p7 or E1E2p7 chimera-infected marmosets (three animals per group) were constructed and sequenced. By differential expression gene analysis, 30 of 632 mRNA transcripts were correlated with the immune system process, which might be associated with hepatitis. A protein–protein interaction network was constituted by STRING database based on these 30 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), showing that IL-32 might play a central regulatory role in HCV core-related hepatitis. To investigate the effect of HCV core protein on IL-32 production, HCV core expressing and mock constructs were transfected into Huh7 cells. IL-32 mRNA and secretion protein were detected at significantly higher levels in cells expressing HCV core protein than in those without HCV core expression (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). By KEGG enrichment analysis and using the specific signaling pathway inhibitor LY294002 for inhibition of PI3K, IL-32 expression was significantly reduced (P < 0.001). In conclusion, HCV core protein induces an increase of IL-32 expression via the PI3K pathway in hepatic cells, which played a major role in development of HCV-related severe hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochao Liu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaorui Ma
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengxue Luo
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Allain
- Emeritus Professor of Transfusion Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Chengyao Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Silva LLDL, Gomes RS, Silva MVT, Joosten LAB, Ribeiro-Dias F. IL-15 enhances the capacity of primary human macrophages to control Leishmania braziliensis infection by IL-32/vitamin D dependent and independent pathways. Parasitol Int 2020; 76:102097. [PMID: 32114085 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
How human macrophages can control the intracellular infection with Leishmania is not completely understood. IL-15 and IL-32 are cytokines produced by monocytes/macrophages that can induce antimicrobial mechanisms. Here, we evaluated the effects of recombinant human IL-15 (rhIL-15) on primary human macrophage infection and response to L. braziliensis. Priming with rhIL-15 reduced the phagocytosis of L. braziliensis and increased the killing of the parasites in monocyte-derived macrophages from healthy donors. rhIL-15 induced TNFα and IL-32 in uninfected cells. After infection, the high levels of rhIL-15-induced TNFα and IL-32 were maintained. In addition, there was an increase of NO and an inhibition of the parasite-induced IL-10 production. Inhibition of NO reversed the leishmanicidal effects of rhIL-15. Although rhIL-15 did not increase L. braziliensis-induced reactive oxygen intermediates (ROS) production, inhibition of ROS reversed the control of infection induced by rhIL-15. Treatment of the cells with rhIL-32γ increased microbicidal capacity of macrophages in the presence of high levels of vitamin D (25D3), but not in low concentrations of this vitamin. rhIL-15 together with rhIL-32 lead to the highest control of the L. braziliensis infection in high concentrations of vitamin D. In this condition, NO and ROS mediated rhIL-32γ effects on microbicidal activity. The data showed that priming of human macrophages with rhIL-15 or rhIL-32γ results in the control of L. braziliensis infection through induction of NO and ROS. In addition, rhIL-32γ appears to synergize with rhIL-15 for the control of L. braziliensis infection in a vitamin D-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Luiz de Lima Silva
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública/Laboratório de Imunidade Natural (LIN), Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Saar Gomes
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública/Laboratório de Imunidade Natural (LIN), Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Muriel Vilela Teodoro Silva
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública/Laboratório de Imunidade Natural (LIN), Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Fátima Ribeiro-Dias
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública/Laboratório de Imunidade Natural (LIN), Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
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40
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Yin H, Wu M, Jia Y. Knockdown of IL-32 protects PC12 cells against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced injury via activation of Nrf2/NF-κB pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:363-371. [PMID: 31916203 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00530-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of major causes of ischemic organ damage. It is well established that inflammatory cytokines serve as regulatory factors in cerebral oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). However, the involving mechanism is not clear enough. OGD/R PC12 cells were used as a hypoxia/reoxygenation model. IL-32 expression and cell viability were detected by qRT-PCR and CCK-8 assay, respectively. Cell apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry and western blotting. Protein levels of inflammatory factors, and the activity of MPO, MDA and SOD were analyzed. Furthermore, western blot assay was carried out to assess protein levels of Nrf2, keap1, NQO-1, p-p65, p-IκBα, p65 and IκBα. The results revealed that IL-32 expression was significantly upregulated in PC12 cells induced by OGD/R. Nrf2, keap1 and NQO-1 level was reduced while phosphorylation level of p65 and IκBα was up-regulated in OGD/R-induced PC12 cells. Mechanism investigations found that IL-32 silence elevated the level of Nrf2, Keap1 and NQO-1, reduced p-p65 and p-IκBα level, and regulated the contents of TNF-a, IL-1β, IL-6 and MCP-1 in OGD/R PC12 cells. In addition, knockdown of IL-32 suppressed production of intracellular ROS, elevated SOD activity, reduced MPO and MDA content, and enhanced cell viability. Furthermore, cell apoptosis was induced in OGD/R PC12 cells with IL-32 silence. However, Nrf2 inhibitor reversed the effects of IL-32 knockdown on OGD/R PC12 cells. This research suggests that IL-32 silence may alleviate OGD/R and Nrf2 plays an important role in the protection by IL-32 silence on PC12 cells induced by OGD/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yin
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, No.2 Cuihu North Road, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meiyu Wu
- Kunming Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Sinomedicine, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Jia
- School of Medicine, Yunnan University, No.2 Cuihu North Road, Kunming, 650091, People's Republic of China
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Gorzelak-Pabiś P, Wozniak E, Wojdan K, Chalubinski M, Broncel M. Single Triglyceride-Rich Meal Destabilizes Barrier Functions and Initiates Inflammatory Processes of Endothelial Cells. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2019; 40:43-53. [PMID: 31460824 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2018.0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a single fat-rich meal on barrier functions and inflammatory status on human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs), furthermore we assess the effects of mixture of palmitic acid and 25-hydroxycholesterol (PA +25OHCH) on integrity of endothelial cells and their inflammatory properties. HUVECs were induced with serum of healthy volunteers taken before, and 3 h after, the consumption of a meal with a standardized daily required dose of fats. In addition, endothelial cells were induced with PA +25OHCH (800 μM/L+10 μg/mL). Total cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high sensitivity c-reactive protein, and glucose were measured at fasting and postprandially. HUVEC integrity was measured in the RTCA-DP xCELLigence system. mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-33, IL-32, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), CX3C-chemokine, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) occludin, and VE-cadherin was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Viability and apoptosis were assessed in flow cytometry. The level of VEGF and IL-33 in fasting and postprandial serum was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Three hours after consumption of a fatty meal, all patients displayed increased levels of TGs and Toll-like receptors (110 ± 37 mg/dL versus 182 ± 64 mg/dL P < 0.05) (24 ± 11 mg/dL versus 42 ± 14 mg/dL P < 0.05). Postprandial serum and PA +25OHCH caused >20% decrease of HUVEC integrity than fasting serum (P < 0.001). HUVEC disintegration was accompanied by a decrease of occludin mRNA expression as compared with fasting serum (P < 0.05). The fatty meal affected neither VE-cadherin mRNA expression nor its apoptosis (P > 0.05). Mixture of PA +25OHCH caused decrease of VE-cadherin mRNA expression as compared with fasting serum (P < 0.01). PA +25OHCH did not affect HUVEC apoptosis (P > 0.05). Postprandial serum and PA +25OHCH caused increase of IL-33, MCP-1, ICAM-1, IL-32, VEGF, and CX3C-chemokine mRNA expression as compared with fasting serum (P < 0.05). Moreover, level of VEGF in fatty serum was significantly higher (P < 0.001). Postprandial lipemia after a single fatty meal may destabilize the endothelial barrier and initiate inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Gorzelak-Pabiś
- The Laboratory of Tissue Immunopharmacology, Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Wozniak
- The Laboratory of Tissue Immunopharmacology, Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wojdan
- The Laboratory of Tissue Immunopharmacology, Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Chalubinski
- The Laboratory of Tissue Immunopharmacology, Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marlena Broncel
- The Laboratory of Tissue Immunopharmacology, Department of Internal Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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Choi YS, Kim S, Oh YS, Cho S, Hoon Kim S. Elevated serum interleukin-32 levels in patients with endometriosis: A cross-sectional study. Am J Reprod Immunol 2019; 82:e13149. [PMID: 31099938 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Recently, interleukin (IL)-32 has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether serum IL-32 level might be used as a biomarker for diagnosis of endometriosis. METHOD OF STUDY We recruited the serum samples of 50 patients with histologically confirmed endometriosis and 35 controls. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to analyze the serum IL-32, IL-6, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β, and CA-125 levels in patients with and without the disease and the diagnostic potentials of the cytokines were assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve and the area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS Among evaluated cytokines, only serum IL-32 levels showed significant differences between patients with and without endometriosis (1111.24 ± 149.59 vs 631.10 ± 120.23 ng/mL, P = 0.018, respectively). When the diagnostic power of serum IL-32 was evaluated, the AUC was 0.638 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.521-0.766, P = 0.031). When serum IL-32 levels were combined with serum CA-125 levels, the AUC was increased to 0.749 (95% CI: 0.640-0.858, P < 0.001) with sensitivity and specificity of 60.0% and 82.9% at cutoff value of 0.640, which led to detect 25 more cases of endometriosis than the use of serum CA 125 with the cutoff value of 35 IU/mL (36/50 vs 11/50, P < 0.001) without sacrificing the specificity of the marker. CONCLUSION Serum IL-32 levels are elevated in patients with endometriosis, and with combination of serum CA-125 levels, it may serve as a potential biomarker for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Sik Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sinae Kim
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sang Oh
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - SiHyun Cho
- Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Sohn DH, Nguyen TT, Kim S, Shim S, Lee S, Lee Y, Jhun H, Azam T, Kim J, Kim S. Structural Characteristics of Seven IL-32 Variants. Immune Netw 2019; 19:e8. [PMID: 31089435 PMCID: PMC6494766 DOI: 10.4110/in.2019.19.e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-32 exists as seven mRNA transcripts that can translate into distinct individual IL-32 variants with specific protein domains. These translated protein domains of IL-32 variants code for specific functions that allow for interaction with different molecules intracellularly or extracellularly. The longest variant is IL-32γ possessing 234 amino acid residues with all 11 protein domains, while the shortest variant is IL-32α possessing 131 amino acid residues with three of the protein domains. The first domain exists in 6 variants except IL-32δ variant, which has a distinct translation initiation codon due to mRNA splicing. The last eleventh domain is common domain for all seven IL-32 variants. Numerous studies in different fields, such as inflammation, autoimmunity, pathogen infection, and cancer biology, have claimed the specific biological activity of individual IL-32 variant despite the absence of sufficient data. There are 4 additional IL-32 variants without proper transcripts. In this review, the structural characteristics of seven IL-32 transcripts are described based on the specific protein domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyun Sohn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Tam T Nguyen
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Sinae Kim
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Saerok Shim
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Siyoung Lee
- YbdYbiotech Research Center, Seoul 08589, Korea
| | - Youngmin Lee
- Department of Medicine, Pusan Paik Hospital, Collage of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Hyunjhung Jhun
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.,Technical Assistance Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Tania Azam
- YbdYbiotech Research Center, Seoul 08589, Korea
| | - Joohee Kim
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Kyungdong University Medical Campus, Wonju 24695, Korea
| | - Soohyun Kim
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.,Veterinary Science Research Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Santinelli L, Statzu M, Pierangeli A, Frasca F, Bressan A, Pinacchio C, Nonne C, Turriziani O, Antonelli G, d'Ettorre G, Scagnolari C. Increased expression of IL-32 correlates with IFN-γ, Th1 and Tc1 in virologically suppressed HIV-1-infected patients. Cytokine 2019; 120:273-281. [PMID: 30910260 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Following recent attention focused on IL-32 as an important component involved in the inflammatory cytokine network, we speculated that IL-32's action on IFN-γ and IFN-γ secreting T cell subsets may help sustain the immune activation and dysregulation found in patients with HIV-1 achieving viral suppression. To explore this hypothesis, transcript levels of IL-32 and IFN-γ were evaluated in PBMC from 139 virologically suppressed HIV-1-infected patients and from 63 healthy individuals by Real Time RT-PCR assays. IL-32 and IFN-γ mRNA levels were also analyzed in CD4+ T cells, CD14+ monocytes and lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL) of the gut district in a subgroup of HIV-1-infected subjects. IFN-γ secreting CD4+ (Th1) and CD8+ (Tc1) T cell subset frequencies were evaluated in LPL by multiparametric flow cytometry. Gene expression results revealed that IL-32 and IFN-γ levels in PBMC from HIV-1-positive patients were significantly elevated compared to those from healthy donors, correlated with each other and increased with patient age. Both IL-32 and IFN-γ genes were also more strongly expressed in CD4+ T cells than in CD14+ monocytes. By contrast, IL-32 levels in LPL were comparable to those measured in PBMC, while IFN-γ levels were higher in PBMC than those in LPL. Negative correlations were found between IL-32 levels and the frequencies of Th1 and Tc1 subsets in gut mucosa. Collectively, our results provide the first evidence that IL-32 levels remain elevated in treated HIV-1-infected patients and correlate with IFN-γ, Th1 and Tc1 subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Santinelli
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Maura Statzu
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Pierangeli
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Federica Frasca
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessia Bressan
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Microbiology and Virology Unit, Sapienza University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Claudia Pinacchio
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara Nonne
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Ombretta Turriziani
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Guido Antonelli
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Microbiology and Virology Unit, Sapienza University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gabriella d'Ettorre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Carolina Scagnolari
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Molecular Medicine, Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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45
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Zhao Z, Lan M, Li J, Dong Q, Li X, Liu B, Li G, Wang H, Zhang Z, Zhu B. The proinflammatory cytokine TNFα induces DNA demethylation-dependent and -independent activation of interleukin-32 expression. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:6785-6795. [PMID: 30824537 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-32 is a cytokine involved in proinflammatory immune responses to bacterial and viral infections. However, the role of epigenetic events in the regulation of IL-32 gene expression is understudied. Here we show that IL-32 is repressed by DNA methylation in HEK293 cells. Using ChIP sequencing, locus-specific methylation analysis, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing, and RT-qPCR (quantitative RT-PCR) and immunoblot assays, we found that short-term treatment (a few hours) with the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) activates IL-32 in a DNA demethylation-independent manner. In contrast, prolonged TNFα treatment (several days) induced DNA demethylation at the promoter and a CpG island in the IL-32 gene in a TET (ten-eleven translocation) family enzyme- and NF-κB-dependent manner. Notably, the hypomethylation status of transcriptional regulatory elements in IL-32 was maintained for a long time (several weeks), causing elevated IL-32 expression even in the absence of TNFα. Considering that IL-32 can, in turn, induce TNFα expression, we speculate that such feedforward events may contribute to the transition from an acute inflammatory response to chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuodong Zhao
- From the Tsinghua University-Peking University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,the National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,the National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Mengying Lan
- the National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,the College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, and
| | - Jingjing Li
- the National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,the College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, and
| | - Qiang Dong
- the National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiang Li
- the National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Baodong Liu
- the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Gang Li
- the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Hailin Wang
- the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhuqiang Zhang
- the National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China,
| | - Bing Zhu
- the National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China, .,the College of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China, and
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46
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Kwon OC, Kim S, Hong S, Lee CK, Yoo B, Chang EJ, Kim YG. Role of IL-32 Gamma on Bone Metabolism in Autoimmune Arthritis. Immune Netw 2018; 18:e20. [PMID: 29984038 PMCID: PMC6026691 DOI: 10.4110/in.2018.18.e20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-32 acts as a pro-inflammatory cytokine by inducing the synthesis of inflammatory molecules as well as promoting the morphological changes involved in the transformation of monocytes into osteoclasts (OCs). Evaluation of the functions of IL-32 has mainly focused on its inflammatory properties, such as involvement in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases. Recently, IL-32 was shown to be involved in bone metabolism, in which it promotes the differentiation and activation of OCs and plays a key role in bone resorption in inflammatory conditions. IL-32γ also regulates bone formation in conditions such as ankylosing spondylitis and osteoporosis. In this review, we summarize the results of recent studies on the role of IL-32γ in bone metabolism in inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oh Chan Kwon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Soohyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05066, Korea
| | - Seokchan Hong
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Chang-Keun Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Bin Yoo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Yong-Gil Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
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47
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Al-Shobaili HA, Rasheed Z. Elevated Gene Expression of Interleukin-32 Isoforms Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta in the Peripheral Blood of Chronic Psoriatic Patients. Diseases 2018; 6:E21. [PMID: 29538330 DOI: 10.3390/diseases6010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory-mediated reactions have been implicated as contributors in a number of dermatological disorders, including psoriasis. However, the potential of interleukin (IL)-32 and its isoforms to contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis remains unexplored. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of IL-32 and its isoforms IL-32α, IL-32β, IL-32γ, and IL-32δ in the peripheral blood of psoriatic patients. The majority of chronic plaque psoriatic patients showed elevated IL-32 mRNA levels in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as compared with the levels of IL-32 mRNA in PBMCs of healthy controls (p = 0.001). To further investigate the role of elevated levels of IL-32 in psoriatic patients, IL-32 isoforms mRNAs were determined. All tested isoforms IL-32α, IL-32β, IL-32γ, and IL-32δ were overexpressed in psoriatic patients PBMCs as compared with healthy controls’ PBMCs (p < 0.05). IL-32α mRNA expression was also significantly higher as compared with all other isoforms of IL-32 in PBMCs of psoriatic patients (p < 0.001). In short, this is the first study that shows the role of IL-32 and its isoforms in the peripheral blood of psoriatic patients. Our novel findings support an association between elevated levels of IL-32 and psoriasis. The data also suggest that a major proinflammatory response of IL-32 may derive from IL-32α isoform in psoriasis.
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48
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Rafiei A, Mohammadjafari H, Ahifar A, Alipour A, Mirabi AM. The urinary and serum levels of IL-32 in children with febrile urinary tract infections. Future Sci OA 2017; 3:FSO242. [PMID: 29134126 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2017-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim We assessed the urinary and serum levels of IL-32 in pediatric patients with acute pyelonephritis (APN) with and without renal scarring. Results We enrolled children aged 2 months to 16 years with APN. Dimercaptosuccinic acid scans and ultrasonography studies were ordered for all patients, and a voiding. A total of 86 children (aged 57 ± 39 months, 74 [86%] female) were enrolled in this study. Group 1 was composed of 19 (16 female) patients, group 2 of 38 (35 female) patients and group 3 of 29 (23 female) patients. There were no significant differences in the serum and absolute urinary levels of IL-32 (UIL-32) between groups, but the urinary IL-32/creatinine ratio (UIL-32/Cr) was significantly higher in children with pyelonephritis than controls.
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49
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Gomes RS, Silva MVT, Dos Santos JC, de Lima Silva LL, Batista AC, Machado JR, Teixeira MM, Dorta ML, de Oliveira MAP, Dinarello CA, Joosten LAB, Ribeiro-Dias F. IL-32γ promotes the healing of murine cutaneous lesions caused by Leishmania braziliensis infection in contrast to Leishmania amazonensis. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:336. [PMID: 28709468 PMCID: PMC5513196 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2268-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Interleukin 32 (IL-32) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine induced in patients with American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) caused by Leishmania braziliensis. Here, we investigated whether IL-32 is also expressed in patient lesions caused by L. amazonensis. In addition, we evaluated experimental L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis infections in C57BL/6 transgenic mice for human IL-32γ (IL-32γTg) in comparison with wild-type (WT) mice that do not express the IL-32 gene. Results Human cutaneous lesions caused by L. amazonensis express higher levels of IL-32 than healthy control skin. In mice, the presence of IL-32γ promoted the control of cutaneous lesions caused by L. braziliensis, but not lesions caused by L. amazonensis in an ear dermis infection model. In addition, IL-32γTg mice displayed less tissue parasitism and inflammation in IL-32γTg than WT mice during the healing phase of L. braziliensis infection. Production of antigen-specific pro-inflammatory cytokines was higher in IL-32γTg mice than in WT mice during L. braziliensis infection but not during L. amazonensis infection. Conclusions Human cutaneous lesions caused by L. amazonensis express high levels of IL-32. In mice, the presence of IL-32γ contributes to the lesion healing caused by L. braziliensis but not by L. amazonensis. Data suggest that despite the ability for both species to induce IL-32 in humans, the connections between this cytokine and other immune players induced by related species of parasites can lead to distinct outcomes of the murine infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Saar Gomes
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Jéssica Cristina Dos Santos
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.,Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas Luiz de Lima Silva
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Reis Machado
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Miriam Leandro Dorta
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Charles A Dinarello
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Leo A B Joosten
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. .,Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Fátima Ribeiro-Dias
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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50
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Catalán V, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Rodríguez A, Ramírez B, Ortega VA, Hernández-Lizoain JL, Baixauli J, Becerril S, Rotellar F, Valentí V, Moncada R, Silva C, Salvador J, Frühbeck G. IL-32α-induced inflammation constitutes a link between obesity and colon cancer. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1328338. [PMID: 28811968 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1328338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that adipose tissue inflammation is an important mechanism whereby obesity promotes cancer risk and progression. Since IL-32 is an important inflammatory and remodeling factor in obesity and is also related to colon cancer (CC) development, the aim of this study was to explore whether IL-32 could function as an inflammatory factor in human obesity-associated CC promoting a microenvironment favorable for tumor growth. Samples obtained from 84 subjects [27 lean (LN) and 57 obese (OB)] were used in the study. Enrolled subjects were further subclassified according to the established diagnostic protocol for CC (49 without CC and 35 with CC). We show, for the first time, that obesity (p = 0.009) and CC (p = 0.026) increase circulating concentrations of IL-32α. Consistently, we further showed that gene (p < 0.05) and protein (p < 0.01) expression levels of IL-32α were upregulated in VAT from obese patients with CC. Additionally, we revealed that IL32 expression levels are enhanced by hypoxia and inflammation-related factors in HT-29 CC cells as well as that IL-32α is involved in the upregulation of inflammation (IL8, TNF, and CCL2) and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling (SPP1 and MMP9) genes in HT-29 cancer cells. Additionally, we also demonstrate that the adipocyte-conditioned medium obtained from obese patients stimulates (p < 0.05) the expression of IL32 in human CC cells. These findings provide evidence of the potential involvement of IL-32 in the development of obesity-associated CC as a pro-inflammatory and ECM remodeling cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Catalán
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain.,Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Gómez-Ambrosi
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain.,Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodríguez
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain.,Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Ramírez
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain.,Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Spain
| | - Victor A Ortega
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Baixauli
- Department of Surgery, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara Becerril
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain.,Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Spain
| | - Fernando Rotellar
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Surgery, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Víctor Valentí
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain.,Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Surgery, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafael Moncada
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain.,Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Anesthesia, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Camilo Silva
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain.,Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier Salvador
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Pamplona, Spain.,Obesity and Adipobiology Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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