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Brimacombe CL, Grove J, Meredith LW, Hu K, Syder AJ, Flores MV, Timpe JM, Krieger SE, Baumert TF, Tellinghuisen TL, Wong-Staal F, Balfe P, McKeating JA. Neutralizing antibody-resistant hepatitis C virus cell-to-cell transmission. J Virol 2011; 85:596-605. [PMID: 20962076 PMCID: PMC3014195 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01592-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) can initiate infection by cell-free particle and cell-cell contact-dependent transmission. In this study we use a novel infectious coculture system to examine these alternative modes of infection. Cell-to-cell transmission is relatively resistant to anti-HCV glycoprotein monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal immunoglobulin isolated from infected individuals, providing an effective strategy for escaping host humoral immune responses. Chimeric viruses expressing the structural proteins representing the seven major HCV genotypes demonstrate neutralizing antibody-resistant cell-to-cell transmission. HCV entry is a multistep process involving numerous receptors. In this study we demonstrate that, in contrast to earlier reports, CD81 and the tight-junction components claudin-1 and occludin are all essential for both cell-free and cell-to-cell viral transmission. However, scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI) has a more prominent role in cell-to-cell transmission of the virus, with SR-BI-specific antibodies and small-molecule inhibitors showing preferential inhibition of this infection route. These observations highlight the importance of targeting host cell receptors, in particular SR-BI, to control viral infection and spread in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L. Brimacombe
- Hepatitis C Research Group, Institute For Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom, iTherX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P.O. Box 910530, San Diego, California 92191-0530, Pfizer Ltd., Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom, Inserm U748, Université de Strasbourg and Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Department of Infectology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Joe Grove
- Hepatitis C Research Group, Institute For Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom, iTherX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P.O. Box 910530, San Diego, California 92191-0530, Pfizer Ltd., Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom, Inserm U748, Université de Strasbourg and Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Department of Infectology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Luke W. Meredith
- Hepatitis C Research Group, Institute For Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom, iTherX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P.O. Box 910530, San Diego, California 92191-0530, Pfizer Ltd., Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom, Inserm U748, Université de Strasbourg and Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Department of Infectology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Ke Hu
- Hepatitis C Research Group, Institute For Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom, iTherX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P.O. Box 910530, San Diego, California 92191-0530, Pfizer Ltd., Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom, Inserm U748, Université de Strasbourg and Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Department of Infectology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Andrew J. Syder
- Hepatitis C Research Group, Institute For Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom, iTherX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P.O. Box 910530, San Diego, California 92191-0530, Pfizer Ltd., Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom, Inserm U748, Université de Strasbourg and Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Department of Infectology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Maria Victoria Flores
- Hepatitis C Research Group, Institute For Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom, iTherX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P.O. Box 910530, San Diego, California 92191-0530, Pfizer Ltd., Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom, Inserm U748, Université de Strasbourg and Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Department of Infectology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Jennifer M. Timpe
- Hepatitis C Research Group, Institute For Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom, iTherX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P.O. Box 910530, San Diego, California 92191-0530, Pfizer Ltd., Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom, Inserm U748, Université de Strasbourg and Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Department of Infectology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Sophie E. Krieger
- Hepatitis C Research Group, Institute For Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom, iTherX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P.O. Box 910530, San Diego, California 92191-0530, Pfizer Ltd., Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom, Inserm U748, Université de Strasbourg and Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Department of Infectology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Thomas F. Baumert
- Hepatitis C Research Group, Institute For Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom, iTherX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P.O. Box 910530, San Diego, California 92191-0530, Pfizer Ltd., Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom, Inserm U748, Université de Strasbourg and Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Department of Infectology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Timothy L. Tellinghuisen
- Hepatitis C Research Group, Institute For Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom, iTherX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P.O. Box 910530, San Diego, California 92191-0530, Pfizer Ltd., Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom, Inserm U748, Université de Strasbourg and Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Department of Infectology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Flossie Wong-Staal
- Hepatitis C Research Group, Institute For Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom, iTherX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P.O. Box 910530, San Diego, California 92191-0530, Pfizer Ltd., Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom, Inserm U748, Université de Strasbourg and Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Department of Infectology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Peter Balfe
- Hepatitis C Research Group, Institute For Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom, iTherX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P.O. Box 910530, San Diego, California 92191-0530, Pfizer Ltd., Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom, Inserm U748, Université de Strasbourg and Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Department of Infectology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458
| | - Jane A. McKeating
- Hepatitis C Research Group, Institute For Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom, iTherX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., P.O. Box 910530, San Diego, California 92191-0530, Pfizer Ltd., Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom, Inserm U748, Université de Strasbourg and Pôle Hépato-Digestif, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Department of Infectology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, Florida 33458
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