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Xu J, Shi J, Cai X, Huang S, Li G, Xu Y. [ Fuxinfang improves hypoxia-induced injury of human aortic endothelial cells by regulating c-Fos-NR4A1-p38 pathway]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:200-209. [PMID: 33624592 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.02.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the molecular mechanism of Fuxinfang for improving injury of human aortic endothelial progenitor cells (HAECs). OBJECTIVE Serum samples were collected from male SD rats treated with Fuxinfang (n=8) or saline (n= 5). HAECs cultured in normoxia or hypoxic condition (2% O2) were treated with serum from normal rats or with diluted serum (1% and 10%) from rats treated with Fuxinfang. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between Fuxinfang-treated and control cells were detected using high-throughput sequencing to screen the target DEGs that participated in arterial endothelial cell injury and underwent changes in response to both hypoxia and Fuxinfang treatment. AmiGo and String databases were used to infer the interactions among the target genes, and the expressions of the genes were analyzed in HAECs with different treatments using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting. OBJECTIVE HAECs cultured in hypoxia did not show obvious changes in cell morphology or expressions of hypoxia-related factors in response to treatment with 1% or 10% serum from Fuxinfang-treated rats. The results of high-throughput sequencing showed a total of 7134 DEGs (4205 up-regulated and 2929 down-regulated genes) in HAECs in hypoxia model group and 762 DEGs (305 upregulated and 457 down-regulated genes) in Fuxinfang-treated HAECs. Analysis of AmiGo and String databases and the constructed protein-protein interaction network identified c-Fos, NR4A1, and p38MAPK as the target genes. The results of ELISA and Western blotting showed that the expressions of c-Fos, NR4A1, p38MAPK and pp38MAPK increased significantly in cells with hypoxic exposure (P < 0.05); treatment with the serum containing Fuxinfang significantly reduced the expression levels of c-Fos, NR4A1 and p-p38MAPK in hypoxic HAECs in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.05). OBJECTIVE The serum from Fuxinfang-treated rats can concentration-dependently inhibit the expressions of the DEGs occurring in hypoxia. Fuxinfang improves hypoxic injuries of HAECs possibly by down-regulating the expression of c-Fos to inhibit NR4A1 expression and suppressing hypoxia-induced p38 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Xu
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200021, China
| | - J Shi
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200021, China
| | - X Cai
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200021, China
| | - S Huang
- Shanghai Pudong TCM Hospital Luoshan Branch, Shanghai 200136, China
| | - G Li
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200021, China
| | - Y Xu
- Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200021, China
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Wu J, Zhu J, Wu Q, An Y, Wang K, Xuan T, Zhang J, Song W, He H, Song L, Zheng J, Xiao J. Mussel-Inspired Surface Immobilization of Heparin on Magnetic Nanoparticles for Enhanced Wound Repair via Sustained Release of a Growth Factor and M2 Macrophage Polarization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:2230-2244. [PMID: 33403850 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Efficient reconstruction of a fully functional skin after wounds requires multiple functionalities of wound dressing due to the complexity of healing. In these regards, topical administration of functionalized nanoparticles capable of sustainably releasing bioactive agents to the wound site may significantly accelerate wound repair. Among the various nanoparticles, superparamagnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles gain increasing attractiveness due to their intrinsic response to an external magnetic field (eMF). Herein, based on the Fe3O4 nanoparticle, we developed a fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-loaded Fe3O4 nanoparticle using a simple mussel-inspired surface immobilization method. This nanoparticle, named as bFGF-HDC@Fe3O4, could stabilize bFGF in various conditions and exhibited sustained release of bFGF. In addition, an in vitro study discovered that bFGF-HDC@Fe3O4 could promote macrophage polarization toward an anti-inflammatory (pro-healing) M2 phenotype especially under eMF. Further, in vivo full-thickness wound animal models demonstrated that bFGF-HDC@Fe3O4 could significantly accelerate wound healing through M2 macrophage polarization and increased cell proliferation. Therefore, this approach of realizing sustained the release of the growth factor with magnetically macrophage regulating behavior through modification of Fe3O4 nanoparticles offers promising potential to tissue-regenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Junyi Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317000, P.R. China
| | - Qiuji Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Ying An
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Kangning Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Tengxiao Xuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Junwen Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Wenxiang Song
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Huacheng He
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Liwan Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Jian Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, P.R. China
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HIF in Nephrotoxicity during Cisplatin Chemotherapy: Regulation, Function and Therapeutic Potential. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020180. [PMID: 33430279 PMCID: PMC7825709 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapy drug, but its use and efficacy are limited by its nephrotoxicity. HIF has protective effects against kidney injury during cisplatin chemotherapy, but it may attenuate the anti-cancer effect of cisplatin. In this review, we describe the role and regulation of HIF in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting HIF in chemotherapy. Abstract Cisplatin is a highly effective, broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic drug, yet its clinical use and efficacy are limited by its side effects. Particularly, cancer patients receiving cisplatin chemotherapy have high incidence of kidney problems. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is the “master” transcription factor that is induced under hypoxia to trans-activate various genes for adaptation to the low oxygen condition. Numerous studies have reported that HIF activation protects against AKI and promotes kidney recovery in experimental models of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). In contrast, little is known about the effects of HIF on chronic kidney problems following cisplatin chemotherapy. Prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibitors are potent HIF inducers that recently entered clinical use. By inducing HIF, PHD inhibitors may protect kidneys during cisplatin chemotherapy. However, HIF activation by PHD inhibitors may reduce the anti-cancer effect of cisplatin in tumors. Future studies should test PHD inhibitors in tumor-bearing animal models to verify their effects in kidneys and tumors.
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104
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Lee AY, Lee JY, Chun JM. Exploring the Mechanism of Gyejibokryeong-hwan against Atherosclerosis Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121750. [PMID: 33321972 PMCID: PMC7764045 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Gyejibokryeong-hwan (GBH) is a traditional formula comprised of five herbal medicines that is frequently used to treat blood stasis and related complex multifactorial disorders such as atherosclerosis. The present study used network pharmacology and molecular docking simulations to clarify the effect and mechanism of the components of GBH. Active compounds were selected using Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS) and the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), and target genes linked to the selected components were retrieved using Search Tool for Interacting Chemicals (STITCH) and GeneCards. Functional analysis of potential target genes was performed through the Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, and molecular docking confirmed the correlation between five core compounds (quercetin, kaempferol, baicalein, ellagic acid, and baicalin) and six potential target genes (AKT1, CASP3, MAPK1, MAPK3, NOS2, and PTGS2). Molecular docking studies indicated that quercetin strongly interacted with six potential target proteins. Thus, these potential target proteins were closely related to TNF, HIF-1, FoxO, and PI3K-Akt signal pathways, suggesting that these factors and pathways may mediate the beneficial effects of GBH on atherosclerosis. Our results identify target genes and pathways that may mediate the clinical effects of the compounds contained within GBH on atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Yeong Lee
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju-si 58245, Korea;
| | - Joo-Youn Lee
- Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Korea;
| | - Jin Mi Chun
- Herbal Medicine Resources Research Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Naju-si 58245, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-613-387-130
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Yap DYH, McMahon LP, Hao CM, Hu N, Okada H, Suzuki Y, Kim SG, Lim SK, Vareesangthip K, Hung CC, Nangaku M. Recommendations by the Asian Pacific society of nephrology (APSN) on the appropriate use of HIF-PH inhibitors. Nephrology (Carlton) 2020; 26:105-118. [PMID: 33222343 PMCID: PMC7898910 DOI: 10.1111/nep.13835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Renal anaemia is a common and important complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The current standard‐of‐care treatment for renal anaemia in CKD patients involves ensuring adequate iron stores and administration of erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESA). Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) is a key transcription factor primarily involved in the cellular regulation and efficiency of oxygen delivery. Manipulation of the HIF pathway by the use of HIF‐prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF‐PHI) has emerged as a novel approach for renal anaemia management. Despite it being approved for clinical use in various Asia‐Pacific countries, its novelty mandates the need for nephrologists and clinicians generally in the region to well understand potential benefits and harms when prescribing this class of drug. The Asian Pacific society of nephrology HIF‐PHI Recommendation Committee, formed by a panel of 11 nephrologists from the Asia‐Pacific region who have clinical experience or have been investigators in HIF‐PHI studies, reviewed and deliberated on the clinical and preclinical data concerning HIF‐PHI. This recommendation summarizes the consensus views of the committee regarding the use of HIF‐PHI, taking into account both available data and expert opinion in areas where evidence remains scarce. The Asian Pacific society of nephrology HIF‐PHI Recommendation Committee summarizes the consensus views of the committee regarding the use of HIF‐PHI, taking into account both available data and expert opinion in areas where evidence remains scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desmond Y H Yap
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Lawrence P McMahon
- Department of Renal and Obstetric Medicine, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chuan-Ming Hao
- Divison of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Nan Hu
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Nephrology, Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hirokazu Okada
- Department of Nephrology, Saitama Medical University, Irumagun, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sung Gyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Kun Lim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kriengsak Vareesangthip
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chi-Chih Hung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Masaomi Nangaku
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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106
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Tsui L, Fong TH. Cobalt Chloride Induces Macrophage Foam Cell Formation: A Chemical Hypoxia Model for Anti-Atherosclerotic Drug Screening. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2020; 19:38-45. [PMID: 33232611 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2020.1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages would engulf circulating oxidized (ox)- low-density lipoprotein and form lipid droplet-laden foam cells. Macrophage foam cells are considered an important therapeutic target of atherosclerosis. The aim of the study was to investigate a hypoxic foam cell model for anti-atherosclerotic drug screening using the chemical hypoxia-mimicking agent cobalt chloride (CoCl2). The oil red O stating results showed that treatment with CoCl2 could induce lipid accumulation and lead to cell transformation to spindle-shaped and lipid-rich foam cells in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Incubation with 150 μM CoCl2 for 24 h significantly increased the area of intracellular lipid droplets in macrophages, compared with the control group. Our findings indicate that CoCl2-triggered macrophage foam cells should be a potential in vitro hypoxia model for atherosclerosis drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Tsui
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Technology, Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Tsorng-Harn Fong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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107
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Sun H, Ling S, Zhao D, Li J, Li Y, Qu H, Du R, Zhang Y, Xu F, Li Y, Liu C, Zhong G, Liang S, Liu Z, Gao X, Jin X, Li Y, Shi D. Ginsenoside Re Treatment Attenuates Myocardial Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury by Inhibiting HIF-1α Ubiquitination. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:532041. [PMID: 33013381 PMCID: PMC7509199 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.532041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown an attenuating effect of ginsenoside Re on myocardial injury induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study was designed to determine the underlying mechanism by which ginsenoside Re protects from myocardial injury induced by H/R. HL-1 cells derived from AT-1 mouse atrial cardiomyocyte tumor line were divided into control, H/R, and H/R + ginsenoside Re groups. Cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. ATP levels were quantified by enzymatic assays. Signaling pathway was predicted by network pharmacology analyses and verified by luciferase assay and gene-silencing experiment. The relationship between ginsenoside Re and its target genes and proteins was analyzed by docking experiments, allosteric site analysis, real-time PCR, and ubiquitination and immunoprecipitation assays. Our results showed that ginsenoside Re treatment consistently increased HL-1 cell viability and significantly up-regulated ATP levels after H/R-induced injury. Network pharmacology analysis suggested that the effect of ginsenoside Re was associated with the regulation of the Hypoxia-inducing factor 1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway. Silencing of HIF-1α abrogated the effect of ginsenoside Re on HL-1 cell viability, which was restored by transfection with an HIF-1α-expressing plasmid. Results of the bioinformatics analysis suggested that ginsenoside Re docked at the binding interface between HIF-1α and the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) E3 ubiquitin ligase, preventing VHL from binding HIF-1α, thereby inhibiting the ubiquitination of HIF-1α. To validate the results of the bioinformatics analysis, real-time PCR, ubiquitination and immunoprecipitation assays were performed. Compared with the mRNA expression levels of the H/R group, ginsenoside Re did not change expression of HIF-1α mRNA, while protein level of HIF-1α increased and that of HIF-1α[Ub]n decreased following ginsenoside Re treatment. Immunoprecipitation results showed that the amount of HIF-1α bound to VHL substantially decreased following ginsenoside Re treatment. In addition, ginsenoside Re treatment increased the expression of GLUT1 (glucose transporter 1) and REDD1 (regulated in development and DNA damage response 1), which are targets of HIF-1α and are critical for cell metabolism and viability. These results suggested that Ginsenoside Re treatment attenuated the myocardial injury induced by H/R, and the possible mechanism was associated with the inhibition of HIF-1α ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China.,Science and Technology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shukuan Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Dingsheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Qu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruikai Du
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Science and Technology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Caizhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guohui Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Liang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zizhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xingcheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yingxian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing, China
| | - Dazhuo Shi
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Azo-inserted responsive hybrid liposomes for hypoxia-specific drug delivery. Acta Biomater 2020; 115:343-357. [PMID: 32771598 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems using endogenous stimuli from tumor microenvironments such as acidic pH, over-expressed enzyme, and high redox potential as triggers have shown tremendous promise in cancer therapy. However, their clinical application is severely limited because of tumor heterogeneity. Hypoxia, a physiological feature observed in almost all solid tumors and even in nodules with very small size, has currently emerged as a more general but efficient stimulus to trigger release. Herein, we developed hypoxia-responsive hybrid liposomes (HR-HLPs), composed of azo-inserted organokoxysilane-based lipid analogue as a responsive component and commercial phospholipid for reducing the rigidity of liposomal membrane caused by azo, for drug delivery targeting tumor hypoxia. HR-HLPs had the advantages of high structural stability to avoid premature drug leakage when circulating in the blood and high sensitivity in responding to hypoxia once reaching tumor sites. HR-HLPs exhibit deep tumor penetration capability, enabling effective delivery to hypoxic regions distant from tumor vessels. Moreover, HR-HLPs could selectively release their payload, co-localizing with over-expressed hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in vitro and in vivo. As a result, HR-HLPs showed improved therapeutic outcome accompanied by reduced adverse effects. The results highlighted the potential application of azo-inserted responsive hybrid liposomes for hypoxia-targeted drug delivery. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE.
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Wu J, Li X, Huang H, Xia X, Zhang M, Fang X. TET1 may contribute to hypoxia-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition of endometrial epithelial cells in endometriosis. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9950. [PMID: 32983650 PMCID: PMC7500323 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endometriosis (EMs) is a non-malignant gynecological disease, whose pathogenesis remains to be clarified. Recent studies have found that hypoxia induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as well as epigenetic modification in EMs. However, the relationship between EMT and demethylation modification under hypoxia status in EMs remains unknown. Methods The expression of N-cadherin, E-cadherin and TET1 in normal endometria, eutopic endometria and ovarian endometriomas was assessed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence double staining. 5-hmC was detected by fluorescence-based ELISA kit using a specific 5-hmC antibody. Overexpression and inhibition of TET1 or hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) were performed by plasmid and siRNA transfection. The expression of HIF-2α, TET1 and EMT markers in Ishikawa (ISK) cells (widely used as endometrial epithelial cells) was evaluated by western blotting. The interaction of HIF-2α and TET1 was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation. Results Demethylation enzyme TET1 (ten-eleven translocation1) was elevated in glandular epithelium of ovarian endometrioma, along with the activation of EMT (increased expression of N-cadherin, and decreased expression of E-cadherin) and global increase of epigenetic modification marker 5-hmC(5-hydroxymethylcytosine). Besides, endometriosis lesions had more TET1 and N-cadherin co-localized cells. Further study showed that ISK cells exhibited enhanced EMT, and increased expression of TET1 and HIF-2α under hypoxic condition. Hypoxia-induced EMT was partly regulated by TET1 and HIF-2α. HIF-2α inhibition mitigated TET1 expression changes provoked by hypoxia. Conclusions Hypoxia induces the expression of TET1 regulated by HIF-2α, thus may promote EMT in endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingni Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xidie Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongyan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaomeng Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Fang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Stitham J, Rodriguez-Velez A, Zhang X, Jeong SJ, Razani B. Inflammasomes: a preclinical assessment of targeting in atherosclerosis. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:825-844. [PMID: 32757967 PMCID: PMC7554266 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1795831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammasomes are central to atherosclerotic vascular dysfunction with regulatory effects on inflammation, immune modulation, and lipid metabolism. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a critical catalyst for atherogenesis thus highlighting its importance in understanding the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and for the identification of novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. AREAS COVERED This review includes an overview of macrophage lipid metabolism and the role of NLRP3 inflammasome activity in cardiovascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. We highlight key activators, signal transducers and major regulatory components that are being considered as putative therapeutic targets for inhibition of NLRP3-mediated cardiovascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. EXPERT OPINION NLRP3 inflammasome activity lies at the nexus between inflammation and cholesterol metabolism; it offers unique opportunities for understanding atherosclerotic pathophysiology and identifying novel modes of treatment. As such, a host of NLRP3 signaling cascade components have been identified as putative targets for drug development. We catalog these current discoveries in therapeutic targeting of the NLRP3 inflammasome and, utilizing the CANTOS trial as the translational (bench-to-bedside) archetype, we examine the complexities, challenges, and ultimate goals facing the field of atherosclerosis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah Stitham
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Astrid Rodriguez-Velez
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- John Cochran VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO
| | - Se-Jin Jeong
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- John Cochran VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO
| | - Babak Razani
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- John Cochran VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO
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Zhu WJ, Li P, Wang L, Xu YC. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1: A potential pharmacological target to manage psoriasis. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 86:106689. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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112
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Shi J, Yang Y, Cheng A, Xu G, He F. Metabolism of vascular smooth muscle cells in vascular diseases. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 319:H613-H631. [PMID: 32762559 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00220.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the fundamental component of the medial layer of arteries and are essential for arterial physiology and pathology. It is becoming increasingly clear that VSMCs can alter their metabolism to fulfill the bioenergetic and biosynthetic requirements. During vascular injury, VSMCs switch from a quiescent "contractile" phenotype to a highly migratory and proliferative "synthetic" phenotype. Recent studies have found that the phenotype switching of VSMCs is driven by a metabolic switch. Metabolic pathways, including aerobic glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and amino acid metabolism, have distinct, indispensable roles in normal and dysfunctional vasculature. VSMCs metabolism is also related to the metabolism of endothelial cells. In the present review, we present a brief overview of VSMCs metabolism and how it regulates the progression of several vascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, systemic hypertension, diabetes, pulmonary hypertension, vascular calcification, and aneurysms, and the effect of the risk factors for vascular disease (aging, cigarette smoking, and excessive alcohol drinking) on VSMC metabolism to clarify the role of VSMCs metabolism in the key pathological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Shi
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Anying Cheng
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan He
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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113
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Chen WD, Song T, Cao QH, Li R, Wang H, Chen XB, Chen ZT. Atherosclerosis prediction by microarray-based DNA methylation analysis. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:2863-2869. [PMID: 32765783 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a series of DNA methylation analysis, pathogenesis was investigated to identify the specific DNA methylation markers for diagnosing atherosclerosis. Firstly, with the chip platform of Illumina Human Methylation 450 BeadChip, a total of 1,458 CpGs, covering 971 differential methylated genes were extracted with stringent filtering criteria. Secondly, hierarchical clustering as a heat map was used to check on the dependability of differential methylated genes. Thirdly, the related GO terms and pathways were enriched by up- and down-methylated genes, respectively, after verifying the capacity of these differential methylated genes to distinguish between atherosclerosis and healthy controls. In total, 971 differential DNA methylated genes were identified (1,458 CpGs). Several important function regions were also identified, including cell adhesion, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter. This study indicates that patients with atherosclerosis have high levels of DNA methylation, which is promising for early diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-da Chen
- Health Care Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, P.R. China.,Health Care Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250011, P.R. China
| | - Ting Song
- Health Care Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250011, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-Hong Cao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinan Center Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250013, P.R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Health Care Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250011, P.R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- Health Care Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250011, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Bao Chen
- Health Care Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250011, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Tao Chen
- Health Care Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250011, P.R. China
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114
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Liu M, Galli G, Wang Y, Fan Q, Wang Z, Wang X, Xiao W. Novel Therapeutic Targets for Hypoxia-Related Cardiovascular Diseases: The Role of HIF-1. Front Physiol 2020; 11:774. [PMID: 32760290 PMCID: PMC7375027 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Insufficient oxygen availability (hypoxia) is a precursor to numerous cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, and heart failure. The main site of hypoxic injury in the human body is the mitochondria, where oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is activated in hypoxic conditions and acts as an important modulator of diverse target genes in the human body. The downstream genes of HIF include vital modulators of cardiovascular-related signaling pathways. Therefore, it is hypothesized that HIF represents a potential therapeutic target for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. In this short review, we introduce the pathophysiology of hypoxic injury in cardiovascular disease, and we conclude from convincing evidence that HIF can modulate relevant cardioprotective signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, China
| | - Gina Galli
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Yilin Wang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Qiru Fan
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, China.,Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, China
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115
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Recent Advancements in CD47 Signal Transduction Pathways Involved in Vascular Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4749135. [PMID: 32733941 PMCID: PMC7378613 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4749135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases caused by atherosclerosis have a high disability rate and reduce the quality of life of the population. Therefore, understanding the mechanism of atherosclerosis and its control may interfere with the progression of atherosclerosis and thus control the occurrence of diseases closely related to atherosclerosis. TSP-1 is a factor that has been found to have an antiangiogenic effect, and CD47, as the receptor of TSP-1, can participate in the regulation of antiangiogenesis of atherosclerosis. VEGF is an important regulator of angiogenesis, and TSP-1/CD47 can cause VEGF and its downstream expression. Therefore, the TSP-1/CD47/VEGF/VEGFR2 signal may have an important influence on atherosclerosis. In addition, some inflammatory factors, such as IL-1 and NLRP3, can also affect atherosclerosis. This review will be expounded focusing on the pathogenesis and influencing factors of atherosclerosis.
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116
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Oxidative Stress and New Pathogenetic Mechanisms in Endothelial Dysfunction: Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061995. [PMID: 32630452 PMCID: PMC7355625 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including heart and pathological circulatory conditions, are the world's leading cause of mortality and morbidity. Endothelial dysfunction involved in CVD pathogenesis is a trigger, or consequence, of oxidative stress and inflammation. Endothelial dysfunction is defined as a diminished production/availability of nitric oxide, with or without an imbalance between endothelium-derived contracting, and relaxing factors associated with a pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic status. Endothelial dysfunction-induced phenotypic changes include up-regulated expression of adhesion molecules and increased chemokine secretion, leukocyte adherence, cell permeability, low-density lipoprotein oxidation, platelet activation, and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Inflammation-induced oxidative stress results in an increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mainly derived from mitochondria. Excessive ROS production causes oxidation of macromolecules inducing cell apoptosis mediated by cytochrome-c release. Oxidation of mitochondrial cardiolipin loosens cytochrome-c binding, thus, favoring its cytosolic release and activation of the apoptotic cascade. Oxidative stress increases vascular permeability, promotes leukocyte adhesion, and induces alterations in endothelial signal transduction and redox-regulated transcription factors. Identification of new endothelial dysfunction-related oxidative stress markers represents a research goal for better prevention and therapy of CVD. New-generation therapeutic approaches based on carriers, gene therapy, cardiolipin stabilizer, and enzyme inhibitors have proved useful in clinical practice to counteract endothelial dysfunction. Experimental studies are in continuous development to discover new personalized treatments. Gene regulatory mechanisms, implicated in endothelial dysfunction, represent potential new targets for developing drugs able to prevent and counteract CVD-related endothelial dysfunction. Nevertheless, many challenges remain to overcome before these technologies and personalized therapeutic strategies can be used in CVD management.
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117
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Sun H, Wu S, Sun B. MicroRNA-532-5p protects against atherosclerosis through inhibiting vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2020; 10:481-489. [PMID: 32695627 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-20-91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background The present study aimed to explore the expression and clinical value of miR-532-5p in atherosclerosis (AS) patients, and analyze its regulating effect on biological behaviors of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Methods A total of 103 AS patients and 77 healthy controls were included. The expression level of miR-532-5p was measured using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was counted to assess the diagnostic value of miR-532-5p in AS. CCK-8 and Transwell assay were used to detect the role of miR-532-5p in VSMCs proliferation and migration. Results MiR-532-5p was downregulated in AS patients compared with that in healthy controls. Serum miR-532-5p was inversely related to the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in AS patients. A ROC curve was conducted with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.897, with high sensitivity and specificity. Overexpression of miR-532-5p inhibited cell proliferation and migration in VSMCs, whereas miR-532-5p downregulation had a reverse effect. Conclusions Decreased expression of miR-532-5p might be a potential diagnostic biomarker for AS. Overexpression of miR-532-5p inhibits the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. The present results indicate a therapeutic potential of miR-532-5p for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Sun
- Department of Emergency, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- Department of Emergency, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Emergency, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
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118
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Lin S, Du L. The therapeutic potential of BRD4 in cardiovascular disease. Hypertens Res 2020; 43:1006-1014. [PMID: 32409773 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is a member of the bromodomain and extra terminal (BET) protein family that has gained wide attention in the field of cancer due to its role in the formation of super enhancers (SEs) and the regulation of oncogene expression. However, there is increasing evidence that BRD4 also plays a pivotal role in a variety of cardiovascular diseases, suggesting that understanding the mechanisms of BRD4 in these diseases is important to advance studies and clinical treatment. In this article, we summarize the mechanisms of BRD4 in cardiovascular diseases, including pulmonary arterial hypertension, heart failure, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. In addition, we discuss small molecule inhibitors of BRD4 as novel therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigang Lin
- Department of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lizhong Du
- Department of Neonatology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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119
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Sun Y, Zhao J, Chi B, Wang K. Long noncoding RNA SNHG12 promotes vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration via regulating miR‐199a‐5p/HIF‐1α. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:1714-1726. [PMID: 32339345 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Sun
- Department of Vascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University Jiamusi Heilongjiang China
| | - Jin‐Tao Zhao
- Department of Second GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University Jiamusi Heilongjiang China
| | - Bao‐Jin Chi
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University Jiamusi Heilongjiang China
| | - Kai‐feng Wang
- Department of Vascular SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University Jiamusi Heilongjiang China
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120
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Jin F, Zheng X, Yang Y, Yao G, Ye L, Doeppner TR, Hermann DM, Wang H, Dai Y. Impairment of hypoxia-induced angiogenesis by LDL involves a HIF-centered signaling network linking inflammatory TNFα and angiogenic VEGF. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:328-349. [PMID: 30659163 PMCID: PMC6366960 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) mediate angiogenesis via up-regulation of various pro-angiogenic factors (particularly VEGF) in response to hypoxia. Here, we report that hypoxia unexpectedly induced robust production of the pro-inflammatory factor TNFα by endothelial cells (ECs), suggesting an autocrine loop that in turn activated HIFs via an NF-κB-dependent process, resulting in production of VEGF and thereby promotion of angiogenesis. In contrast, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) prevented expression of HIFs in ECs exposed to either hypoxia or TNFα, while knockdown of either HIF-1α or HIF-2α strikingly attenuated hypoxia-induced production of VEGF by ECs as well as EC colony formation and tube formation. Significantly, LDL attenuated hypoxia-induced angiogenesis by disrupting the TNFα/NF-κB/HIF/VEGF signaling cascade via down-regulation of the TNF receptor TNF-R1, rather than TNFα itself, and multiple key components of both canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathways. By doing so, LDL was able to either inhibit or down-regulate a wide spectrum of HIF-dependent pro-angiogenic downstream targets and signals. Together, these findings argue existence of a self-regulatory TNFα/NF-κB/HIF/VEGF signaling network in ECs, which mediates and fine-tones angiogenesis, at least in response to hypoxia. They also suggest that LDL impairs angiogenesis by disrupting this network, which might represent a novel mechanism underlying anti-angiogenic property of LDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyan Jin
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiangyu Zheng
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yanping Yang
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Gang Yao
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Long Ye
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Thorsten R Doeppner
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dirk M Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Duisburg-Essen Medical School, Essen, Germany
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yun Dai
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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121
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Yao Y, Wang X, Li H, Fan J, Qian X, Li H, Xu Y. Phospholipase D as a key modulator of cancer progression. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:911-935. [PMID: 32073216 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The phospholipase D (PLD) family has a ubiquitous expression in cells. PLD isoforms (PLDs) and their hydrolysate phosphatidic acid (PA) have been demonstrated to engage in multiple stages of cancer progression. Aberrant expression of PLDs, especially PLD1 and PLD2, has been detected in various cancers. Inhibition or elimination of PLDs activity has been shown to reduce tumour growth and metastasis. PLDs and PA also serve as downstream effectors of various cell-surface receptors, to trigger and regulate propagation of intracellular signals in the process of tumourigenesis and metastasis. Here, we discuss recent advances in understanding the functions of PLDs and PA in discrete stages of cancer progression, including cancer cell growth, invasion and migration, and angiogenesis, with special emphasis on the tumour-associated signalling pathways mediated by PLDs and PA and the functional importance of PLDs and PA in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfa Yao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanbing Li
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiannan Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingke Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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122
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Prolonged Hyperoxygenation Treatment Improves Vein Graft Patency and Decreases Macrophage Content in Atherosclerotic Lesions in ApoE3*Leiden Mice. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020336. [PMID: 32024075 PMCID: PMC7072413 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Unstable atherosclerotic plaques frequently show plaque angiogenesis which increases the chance of rupture and thrombus formation leading to infarctions. Hypoxia plays a role in angiogenesis and inflammation, two processes involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We aim to study the effect of resolution of hypoxia using carbogen gas (95% O2, 5% CO2) on the remodeling of vein graft accelerated atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE3*Leiden mice which harbor plaque angiogenesis. Single treatment resulted in a drastic decrease of intraplaque hypoxia, without affecting plaque composition. Daily treatment for three weeks resulted in 34.5% increase in vein graft patency and increased lumen size. However, after three weeks intraplaque hypoxia was comparable to the controls, as were the number of neovessels and the degree of intraplaque hemorrhage. To our surprise we found that three weeks of treatment triggered ROS accumulation and subsequent Hif1a induction, paralleled with a reduction in the macrophage content, pointing to an increase in lesion stability. Similar to what we observed in vivo, in vitro induction of ROS in bone marrow derived macrophages lead to increased Hif1a expression and extensive DNA damage and apoptosis. Our study demonstrates that carbogen treatment did improve vein graft patency and plaque stability and reduced intraplaque macrophage accumulation via ROS mediated DNA damage and apoptosis but failed to have long term effects on hypoxia and intraplaque angiogenesis.
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123
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TIPE1 accelerates atherogenesis by inducing endothelial dysfunction in response to oxidative stress. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165578. [PMID: 31672550 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the arterial wall, which involves endothelial cells and immune cells. Endothelial dysfunction has been considered an important step in the initiation of the disease. TIPE1 is a newly identified protein of the TIPE family, and plays a vital role in inflammation and tumorigenesis. However, its role in atherogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that TIPE1 promoted atherogenesis by inducing endothelial dysfunction. When human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to oxidative stress, the level of TIPE1 was significantly up-regulated, and the ROS generation markedly increased in TIPE1 over-expressing HUVECs. As a result, the growth of HUVECs was inhibited, and the apoptosis was enhanced. However, the cell contact ability between HUVECs and THP-1 cells were augmented due to the up-regulation of adhesion molecules such as E-selectin and ICAM-1 induced by TIPE1 overexpression. Importantly, ApoE-/- mice injected with TIPE1 recombinant lentivirus developed significantly severe atherosclerosis accompanied by hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and increased white blood count. These findings indicated that excessive ROS induced by the overexpression of TIPE1 in endothelial cells accelerated the process of atherogenesis.
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124
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Wang K, Liu Y, Huang S, Li H, Hou J, Huang J, Chen J, Feng K, Liang M, Chen G, Wu Z. Does an imbalance in circulating vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) cause atrial fibrillation in patients with valvular heart disease? J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:5509-5516. [PMID: 32030270 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.11.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background The pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) can stimulate fibrosis within the atrium and ventricle. We hypothesized that there is a relationship between the serum VEGFs/soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (sVEGFRs) levels and AF in patients with valvular heart disease (VHD). This provides a new paradigm for studying AF. Methods The plasma levels of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of 100 people, consisting of AF patients (long-standing, persistent AF; n=49), sinus rhythm (SR) patients (n=31) and healthy controls (n=20), were included in this study. Results The plasma levels of VEGF-A were significantly higher in AF patients compared to healthy control (P<0.05). The plasma levels of sVEGFR-1 were significantly higher in AF compared to SR (P<0.05). The plasma levels of sVEGFR-2 were significantly lower in AF patients compared to SR patients and healthy controls (both P<0.05). There was a significant and negative correlation between AF and the sVEGFR-2 levels in the groups (r=-0.432, P=0.000). Conclusions An imbalance in VEGFs and sVEGFRs may contribute to AF by breaking the balance of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Additionally, sVEGFR-2 may be an important biomarker of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Medicine University, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Suiqing Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Huayang Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiaxing Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiantao Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Kangni Feng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mengya Liang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Guangxian Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhongkai Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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125
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Geng L, Zhang G, Yao M, Fang Y. Rip 1-dependent endothelial necroptosis participates in ischemia-reperfusion injury of mouse flap. J Dermatol Sci 2019; 97:30-40. [PMID: 31831282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia reperfusion injury plays an important role in free flap necrosis. However, the detailed mechanism is not clear, and effective methods for improving the survival rate of skin flap are still lacking. OBJECTIVE To investigate the regulation and functional link between necroptosis and ischemia-reperfusion injury of mouse flap. METHODS We established a mouse ischemia-reperfusion injury flap model and a cell Oxygen Glucose Deprivation (OGD) model intervened with Necrostatin-1. The mouse flap tissues were harvested in vivo for histological immunofluorescence analysis and western blotting analyses. The HUVECs cells with various treatments in vitro were assessed by using Transwell assay, tube formation assay, cell counting kit-8 analysis and flow cytometry. A Rip3-knockout cell line and a TNFR1-knockout cell line were generated from HUVEC cells using the CRISPR-Cas9 technology and were subsequently used to explore the related mechanisms. RESULTS The expression of p-Rip3 is positive in both mouse and cell culture models. When necroptosis is completely or partially inhibited in vivo, damaged tissues are repaired with better efficiency. The cells treated with Necrostatin-1 in vitro exhibit faster migration, proliferation and better tube formation. Deficiency of TNFR1 can block the necroptosis pathway by blocking the phosphorylation of Rip3 in HUVEC OGD/ROG model. Meanwhile, the levels of APJ, HIF-1α, and VEGF are reduced when necroptosis is inhibited by Necrostatin-1. CONCLUSION TNFR1 mediates Rip1/Rip3 in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Inhibition of necroptosis attenuates the ischemia-reperfusion injury of flap and may enhance hypoxic tolerance of HUVECs and vascular homeostasis through regulation of the HIF-1α signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Geng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gai Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Yao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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126
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Identification of coronary heart disease biomarkers with different severities of coronary stenosis in human urine using non-targeted metabolomics based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 497:95-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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127
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Hypoxia inducible factor 1α in vascular smooth muscle cells promotes angiotensin II-induced vascular remodeling via activation of CCL7-mediated macrophage recruitment. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:544. [PMID: 31320613 PMCID: PMC6639417 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1757-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The process of vascular remodeling is associated with increased hypoxia. However, the contribution of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), the key transcription factor mediating cellular hypoxic responses, to vascular remodeling is established, but not completely understood. In the angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced vascular remodeling model, HIF1α was increased and activated in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Selective genetic disruption of Hif1a in VSMCs markedly ameliorated Ang II-induced vascular remodeling, as revealed by decreased blood pressure, aortic thickness, collagen deposition, inflammation, and aortic stiffness. VSMC Hif1a deficiency also specifically suppressed Ang II-induced infiltration of CD45+CD11b+F4/80+CD206− M1 macrophages into the vessel. Mechanistically, HIF1α deficiency in VSMCs dramatically suppressed the expression of CCL7, a chemokine critical for macrophage recruitment. Bioinformatic analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed three functional hypoxia-response elements in the Ccl7 promoter, indicating that Ccl7 is a direct HIF1α target gene. Blocking CCL7 with antibody in vivo alleviated Ang II-induced hypertension and vascular remodeling, coincident with decreased macrophage infiltration. This study provides direct evidence that HIF1α activation in VSMCs exacerbates Ang II-induced macrophage infiltration and resultant vascular remodeling via its target gene Ccl7, and thus may serve as a potential therapeutic target for remodeling-related vascular disease.
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128
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Malacrida S, Giannella A, Ceolotto G, Reggiani C, Vezzoli A, Mrakic-Sposta S, Moretti S, Turner R, Falla M, Brugger H, Strapazzon G. Transcription Factors Regulation in Human Peripheral White Blood Cells during Hypobaric Hypoxia Exposure: an in-vivo experimental study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9901. [PMID: 31289332 PMCID: PMC6617471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46391-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
High altitude is a natural laboratory, within which the clinical study of human physiological response to hypobaric hypoxia (HH) is possible. Failure in the response results in progressive hypoxemia, inflammation and increased tissue oxidative stress (OxS). Thus, investigating temporal changes in key transcription factors (TFs) HIF-1α, HIF-2α, NF-κB and NRF2 mRNA levels, relative to OxS and inflammatory markers, may reveal molecular targets which contrast deleterious effects of hypoxia. Biological samples and clinical data from 15 healthy participants were collected at baseline and after rapid, passive ascent to 3830 m (24 h and 72 h). Gene expression was assessed by qPCR and ROS generation was determined by EPR spectroscopy. Oxidative damage and cytokine levels were estimated by immuno or enzymatic methods. Hypoxia transiently enhanced HIF-1α mRNA levels over time reaching a peak after 24 h. Whereas, HIF-2α and NRF2 mRNA levels increased over time. In contrast, the NF-κB mRNA levels remained unchanged. Plasma levels of IL-1β and IL-6 also remained within normal ranges. ROS production rate and markers of OxS damage were significantly increased over time. The analysis of TF-gene expression suggests that HIF-1α is a lead TF during sub-acute HH exposure. The prolongation of the HH exposure led to a switch between HIF-1α and HIF-2α/NRF2, suggesting the activation of new pathways. These results provide new insights regarding the temporal regulation of TFs, inflammatory state, and ROS homeostasis involved in human hypoxic response, potentially also relevant to the mediation of diseases that induce a hypoxic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Malacrida
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Giannella
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, Campus Biomedico Pietro D'Abano, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulio Ceolotto
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, Campus Biomedico Pietro D'Abano, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Reggiani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vezzoli
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Council of Research, Segrate (Milan), Italy
| | - Simona Mrakic-Sposta
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Council of Research, Segrate (Milan), Italy
| | - Sarah Moretti
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Council of Research, Segrate (Milan), Italy
| | - Rachel Turner
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Marika Falla
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Hermann Brugger
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Giacomo Strapazzon
- Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy
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TLR9 is essential for HMGB1-mediated post-myocardial infarction tissue repair through affecting apoptosis, cardiac healing, and angiogenesis. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:480. [PMID: 31209243 PMCID: PMC6579765 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1718-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The poor prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction is partially attributed to a large number of cardiomyocyte apoptosis, necrosis, limited cardiac healing and angiogenesis, and cardiac dysfunction. Immune cells dysfunction leads to nonhealing or poor healing of wounds after acute myocardial infarction. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) as an essential part of the innate immune system plays a vital role in regulating cardiomyocyte survival and wound healing. During hypoxia, High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), as the typical damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) or alarmin, is rapidly released extracellularly and translocates from the nucleus to bind with cytoplasmic TLR9. However, the mechanism by which TLR9 interacts with HMGB1 and regulates myocardial damage remains unclear. Our current study found that the survival rate of TLR9KO mice with a higher rate of cardiac rupture was significantly lower than that in WT mice after 28 days post-operation. The effect of TLR9 knockout on insufficient wound healing in experimental MI was caused by a diminished number of myofibroblast and defective matrix synthetic capability. Moreover, the increased myocardial apoptotic cells and decreased angiogenic capacity were found in TLR9 knockout mice after MI. The results showed contrary in Recombinant Human High Mobility Group Box 1 (rhHMGB1) treated WT mice and similarity after applying rhHMGB1 in TLR9KO mice. This study demonstrates that TLR9 is essential for the repair of infarcted myocardium and interaction of HMGB1 and TLR9 is involved in the survival of myocardial cells, wound healing, and angiogenesis after myocardial infarction.
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130
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Li Z, Wu J, Wei W, Cai X, Yan J, Song J, Wang C, Wang J. Association of Serum miR-186-5p With the Prognosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Front Physiol 2019; 10:686. [PMID: 31231239 PMCID: PMC6560170 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating miR-186-5p is an emerging biomarker for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. However, its kinetic signatures and prognostic values in ACS patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remain unclear. Levels of serum miR-186-5p were determined in 96 healthy controls and 92 ACS patients before and after PCI by qRT-PCR, and the physiologic state of miR-186-5p was analyzed by comparing its absolute concentrations in isolated exosomes and exosome-depleted supernatants. An average of 1 year of follow-up for ACS patients after PCI was performed. MiR-186-5p levels in the myocardium and serum of rats following left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) ligation were measured. Serum miR-186-5p levels were found to be significantly increased in ACS patients upon admission compared with those of controls, but these high miR-186-5p levels gradually decreased within 1 week after PCI. Serum miR-186-5p was mainly present in an exosome-free form rather than membrane-bound exosomes. Within 1 year of follow-up, ACS patients with higher miR-186-5p levels upon admission exhibited a higher incidence of MACE after PCI. Different statistical analyzes further validated the independent prognostic values of serum miR-186-5p in ACS patients after PCI. Serum miR-186-5p levels in rats following LAD ligation were increased, and there was a decrease in myocardial miR-186-5p levels. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis was performed to predict the related pathways of target genes of miR-186-5p, which suggested that miR-186-5p might be involved in ACS by regulating the inflammatory status and D-glucose metabolism. In conclusion, a distinctive expression signature of serum miR-186-5p may contribute to monitoring the clinical condition and assessing the prognosis of ACS patients undergoing PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoling Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, School of Medical, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, School of Medical, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weishi Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, School of Medical, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaomin Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medical, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, School of Medical, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaxi Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, School of Medical, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, School of Medical, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junjun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinling Hospital, School of Medical, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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131
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Brassington K, Selemidis S, Bozinovski S, Vlahos R. New frontiers in the treatment of comorbid cardiovascular disease in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:885-904. [PMID: 30979844 PMCID: PMC6465303 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease characterised by persistent airflow limitation that is not fully reversible and is currently the fourth leading cause of death globally. It is now well established that cardiovascular-related comorbidities contribute to morbidity and mortality in COPD, with approximately 50% of deaths in COPD patients attributed to a cardiovascular event (e.g. myocardial infarction). Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and COPD share various risk factors including hypertension, sedentarism, smoking and poor diet but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully established. However, there is emerging and compelling experimental and clinical evidence to show that increased oxidative stress causes pulmonary inflammation and that the spill over of pro-inflammatory mediators from the lungs into the systemic circulation drives a persistent systemic inflammatory response that alters blood vessel structure, through vascular remodelling and arterial stiffness resulting in atherosclerosis. In addition, regulation of endothelial-derived vasoactive substances (e.g. nitric oxide (NO)), which control blood vessel tone are altered by oxidative damage of vascular endothelial cells, thus promoting vascular dysfunction, a key driver of CVD. In this review, the detrimental role of oxidative stress in COPD and comorbid CVD are discussed and we propose that targeting oxidant-dependent mechanisms represents a novel strategy in the treatment of COPD-associated CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Brassington
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Stavros Selemidis
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
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132
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Liang HZ, Li SF, Zhang F, Wu MY, Li CL, Song JX, Lee C, Chen H. Effect of Endothelial Microparticles Induced by Hypoxia on Migration and Angiogenesis of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells by Delivering MicroRNA-19b. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 131:2726-2733. [PMID: 30425199 PMCID: PMC6247585 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.245271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Microparticles (MPs) are small extracellular plasma membrane particles shed by activated and apoptotic cells, which are involved in the development of atherosclerosis. Our previous study found that microRNA (miR)-19b encapsulated within endothelial MPs (EMPs) may contribute to the upregulation of circulating miR-19b in unstable angina patients. Hypoxia is involved in atherosclerosis as a critical pathological stimulus. However, it still remains unclear whether the increase of miR-19b levels in EMPs is related to hypoxia and if the effect of miR-19b – wrapped within EMPs – stimulates hypoxia on vascular endothelial cells. This study aimed to explore the changes of miR-19b in EMPs induced by hypoxia as well as their effects on endothelial cells. Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured in vitro and arranged to harvest EMPs in two parts: the first part consisted of EMPcontrol and EMPhypoxia and the second part included EMPvehicle, EMPNC mimic, and EMPmiR-19b mimic. Cell migration was detected by scratch migration and transwell chamber migration. Angiogenesis was assessed by tube formation assays. Furthermore, we predicted the target gene of miR-19b by bioinformatics analysis, and luciferase assay was used to verify the targeted gene of miR-19b. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. Student's t-test was used when two groups were compared. Results: Compared with EMPcontrol- and EMPhypoxia-inhibited migration of cells by scratch migration assay (80.77 ± 1.10 vs. 28.37 ± 1.40, P < 0. 001) and transwell chamber migration assay (83.00 ± 3.46 vs. 235.00 ± 16.52, P < 0.01), the number of tube formations was markedly reduced by 70% in the EMPhypoxia group (P < 0.001) in vitro analysis of HUVECs. Meanwhile, a strong inhibition of migration and tube formation of HUVECs in the presence of miR-19b-enriched EMPmiR-19b mimic was observed. This effect might be due to the delivery of miR-19b in EMPs. Transforming growth factor-β2 (TGFβ2) was predicted to be one of the target genes of miR-19b, and we further confirmed that TGFβ2 was a direct target gene of miR-19b using the luciferase assay. The expression of TGFβ2 in HUVECs was inhibited by treatment with EMPhypoxia and EMPmiR-19b mimic. Conclusions: MiR-19b in EMPs induced by hypoxia could reduce endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis by downregulating TGFβ2 expression, which may have inhibited the progression of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Zhu Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Su-Fang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Man-Yan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Chang-Long Li
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jun-Xian Song
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Chongyou Lee
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Early Prediction and Intervention of Acute Myocardial Infarction, Center for Cardiovascular Translational Research, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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133
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Li Z, You Q, Zhang X. Small-Molecule Modulators of the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Pathway: Development and Therapeutic Applications. J Med Chem 2019; 62:5725-5749. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Qidong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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134
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Bousseau S, Vergori L, Soleti R, Lenaers G, Martinez MC, Andriantsitohaina R. Glycosylation as new pharmacological strategies for diseases associated with excessive angiogenesis. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 191:92-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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135
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Stothers CL, Luan L, Fensterheim BA, Bohannon JK. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α regulation of myeloid cells. J Mol Med (Berl) 2018; 96:1293-1306. [PMID: 30386909 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-1710-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic myeloblasts give rise to macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils. Circulating myeloid cells detect invading microbes using pattern recognition receptors and subsequently orchestrate an innate immune response to contain and kill the pathogens. This innate immune response establishes an inflammatory niche characterized by hypoxia due to host and pathogen factors. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) transcription factors are the primary regulators of the myeloid response to hypoxia. In particular, HIF-1α is a critical hub that integrates hypoxic and immunogenic signals during infection or inflammation. Hypoxia induces HIF-1α stabilization, which drives metabolic and phenotypic reprogramming of myeloid cells to maximize antimicrobial potential. HIF-1α activity in myeloid-derived cells enhances the host response to infection, but may also play a role in pathogenic inflammatory processes, such as atherosclerosis. In this review, we summarize recent advances that have elucidated the mechanism by which myeloid cells regulate HIF-1α activity and, in turn, how HIF-1α shapes myeloid cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Stothers
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - L Luan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - B A Fensterheim
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - J K Bohannon
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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136
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Indolfi C, Iaconetti C, Gareri C, Polimeni A, De Rosa S. Non-coding RNAs in vascular remodeling and restenosis. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 114:49-63. [PMID: 30368024 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) are crucial in vascular remodeling. They exert pivotal roles in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, vascular response to injury, and restenosis after transcatheter angioplasty. As a witness of their importance in the cardiovascular system, a large body of evidence has accumulated about the role played by micro RNAs (miRNA) in modulating both VSMCs and ECs. More recently, a growing number of long noncoding RNA (lncRNAs) came beneath the spotlights in this research field. Several mechanisms have been revealed by which lncRNAs are able to exert a relevant biological impact on vascular remodeling. The aim of this review is to provide an integrated summary of ncRNAs that exert a relevant biological function in VSMCs and ECs of the vascular wall, with emphasis on the available clinical evidence of the potential usefulness of these molecules as circulating biomarkers of in-stent restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Indolfi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Italy; URT CNR of IFC, University Magna Graecia, Italy.
| | - Claudio Iaconetti
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Italy
| | - Clarice Gareri
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Italy
| | - Alberto Polimeni
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Italy
| | - Salvatore De Rosa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Italy
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137
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Zhang Z, Yao L, Yang J, Wang Z, Du G. PI3K/Akt and HIF‑1 signaling pathway in hypoxia‑ischemia (Review). Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:3547-3554. [PMID: 30106145 PMCID: PMC6131612 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-ischemia (H-I) is frequently observed in perinatal asphyxia and other diseases. It can lead to serious cardiac injury, cerebral damage, neurological disability and mortality. Previous studies have demonstrated that the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway, which regulates a wide range of cellular functions, is involved in the resistance response to H-I through the activation of proteins associated with survival and inactivation of apoptosis-associated proteins. It can also regulate the expression of hypoxia-induced factor-1α (HIF-1α). HIF-1α can further regulate the expression of downstream proteins involved in glucose metabolism and angiogenesis, such as vascular endothelial growth factor and erythropoietin, to facilitate ischemic adaptation. Notably, HIF-1α may also induce detrimental effects. The effects of HIF-1 on ischemic outcomes may be dependent on the H-I duration, animal age and species. Thus, further investigation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway may provide further insights of the potential targets for treating diseases accompanied by H-I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, P.R. China
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Bioinformatics, Guangzhou GenCoding Lab, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510670, P.R. China
| | - Jinhua Yang
- Department of Bioinformatics, Guangzhou GenCoding Lab, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510670, P.R. China
| | - Zhenkang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Gang Du
- Department of Bioinformatics, Guangzhou GenCoding Lab, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510670, P.R. China
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Kobayashi M, Watanabe K, Matsumura R, Anayama N, Miyamoto A, Miyazaki H, Miyazaki K, Shimizu T, Akashi M. Involvement of the luteinizing hormone surge in the regulation of ovary and oviduct clock gene expression in mice. Genes Cells 2018; 23:649-657. [PMID: 29920869 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Circadian dysfunction perturbs the female reproductive cycle. In particular, mice lacking the clock gene Bmal1 show severe infertility, implying that BMAL1 plays roles in ovulation and luteinization. Here, we examined temporal changes in clock gene expression in the ovary and oviduct before and during gonadotropin-induced follicular growth, ovulation, and luteinization in sexually immature mice. While the oviduct did not show a drastic change in clock gene expression, Bmal1 expression in the ovary was higher than that in control mice during the period from 4 to 16 hr after human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration. Bmal1 expression reached a maximum at 16 hr after hCG administration, when follicle luteinization occurred. In an interesting manner, administration of hCG to ex vivo-cultured oviduct triggered a shorter circadian period and inevitably resulted in phase advance. Together, our present data suggest that LH surge induces continuous expression of BMAL1 in the mouse ovary and modulates circadian phase in the mouse oviduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kaya Watanabe
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Matsumura
- The Research Institute for Time Studies, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Nozomi Anayama
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akio Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyazaki
- Gene Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Koyomi Miyazaki
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takashi Shimizu
- Graduate School of Animal and Food Hygiene, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Makoto Akashi
- The Research Institute for Time Studies, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi, Japan
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