101
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Wu YL, Putcha N, Ng KW, Leong DT, Lim CT, Loo SCJ, Chen X. Biophysical responses upon the interaction of nanomaterials with cellular interfaces. Acc Chem Res 2013. [PMID: 23194178 DOI: 10.1021/ar300046u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The explosion of study of nanomaterials in biological applications (the nano-bio interface) can be ascribed to nanomaterials' growing importance in diagnostics, therapeutics, theranostics (therapeutic diagnostics), and targeted modulation of cellular processes. However, a growing number of critics have raised concerns over the potential risks of nanomaterials to human health and safety. It is essential to understand nanomaterials' potential toxicity before they are tested in humans. These risks are complicated to unravel, however, because of the complexity of cells and their nanoscale macromolecular components, which enable cells to sense and respond to environmental cues, including nanomaterials. In this Account, we explore these risks from the perspective of the biophysical interactions between nanomaterials and cells. Biophysical responses to the uptake of nanomaterials can include conformational changes in biomolecules like DNA and proteins, and changes to the cellular membrane and the cytoskeleton. Changes to the latter two, in particular, can induce changes in cell elasticity, morphology, motility, adhesion, and invasion. This Account reviews what is known about cells' biophysical responses to the uptake of the most widely studied and used nanoparticles, such as carbon-based, metal, metal-oxide, and semiconductor nanomaterials. We postulate that the biophysical structure impairment induced by nanomaterials is one of the key causes of nanotoxicity. The disruption of cellular structures is affected by the size, shape, and chemical composition of nanomaterials, which are also determining factors of nanotoxicity. Currently, popular nanotoxicity characterizations, such as the MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays, only provide end-point results through chemical reactions. Focusing on biophysical structural changes induced by nanomaterials, possibly in real-time, could deepen our understanding of the normal and altered states of subcellular structures and provide useful perspective on the mechanisms of nanotoxicity. We strongly believe that biophysical properties of cells can serve as novel and noninvasive markers to evaluate nanomaterials' effect at the nano-bio interface and their associated toxicity. Better understanding of the effects of nanomaterials on cell structures and functions could help identify the required preconditions for the safe use of nanomaterials in therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Long Wu
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Nirupama Putcha
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - David Tai Leong
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Department of Bioengineering & Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576, Singapore
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, T-Lab Engineering
Drive 5A, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Say Chye Joachim Loo
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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102
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Etheridge ML, Campbell SA, Erdman AG, Haynes CL, Wolf SM, McCullough J. The big picture on nanomedicine: the state of investigational and approved nanomedicine products. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2013; 9:1-14. [PMID: 22684017 PMCID: PMC4467093 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2012.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 569] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Developments in nanomedicine are expected to provide solutions to many of modern medicine's unsolved problems, so it is no surprise that the literature contains many articles discussing the subject. However, existing reviews tend to focus on specific sectors of nanomedicine or to take a very forward-looking stance and fail to provide a complete perspective on the current landscape. This article provides a more comprehensive and contemporary inventory of nanomedicine products. A keyword search of literature, clinical trial registries, and the Web yielded 247 nanomedicine products that are approved or in various stages of clinical study. Specific information on each was gathered, so the overall field could be described based on various dimensions, including FDA classification, approval status, nanoscale size, treated condition, nanostructure, and others. In addition to documenting the many nanomedicine products already in use in humans, this study identifies several interesting trends forecasting the future of nanomedicine. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR In this one of a kind review, the state of nanomedicine commercialization is discussed, concentrating only on nanomedicine-based developments and products that are either in clinical trials or have already been approved for use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Etheridge
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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103
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Tóth IY, Illés E, Bauer RA, Nesztor D, Szekeres M, Zupkó I, Tombácz E. Designed polyelectrolyte shell on magnetite nanocore for dilution-resistant biocompatible magnetic fluids. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:16638-46. [PMID: 23140279 DOI: 10.1021/la302660p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) coated with poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) polyelectrolyte (PAM) have been prepared with the aim of improving colloidal stability of core-shell nanoparticles for biomedical applications and enhancing the durability of the coating shells. FTIR-ATR measurements reveal two types of interaction of PAM with MNPs: hydrogen bonding and inner-sphere metal-carboxylate complex formation. The mechanism of the latter is ligand exchange between uncharged -OH groups of the surface and -COO(-) anionic moieties of the polyelectrolyte as revealed by adsorption and electrokinetic experiments. The aqueous dispersion of PAM@MNP particles (magnetic fluids - MFs) tolerates physiological salt concentration at composition corresponding to the plateau of the high-affinity adsorption isotherm. The plateau is reached at small amount of added PAM and at low concentration of nonadsorbed PAM, making PAM highly efficient for coating MNPs. The adsorbed PAM layer is not desorbed during dilution. The performance of the PAM shell is superior to that of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), often used in biocompatible MFs. This is explained by the different adsorption mechanisms; metal-carboxylate cannot form in the case of PAA. Molecular-level understanding of the protective shell formation on MNPs presented here improves fundamentally the colloidal techniques used in core-shell nanoparticle production for nanotechnology applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Y Tóth
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged, Aradi Vt. 1, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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104
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Photoexcitation of tumor-targeted corroles induces singlet oxygen-mediated augmentation of cytotoxicity. J Control Release 2012; 163:368-73. [PMID: 23041277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The tumor-targeted corrole particle, HerGa, displays preferential toxicity to tumors in vivo and can be tracked via fluorescence for simultaneous detection, imaging, and treatment. We have recently uncovered an additional feature of HerGa in that its cytotoxicity is enhanced by light irradiation. In the present study, we have elucidated the cellular mechanisms for HerGa photoexcitation-mediated cell damage using fluorescence optical imaging. In particular, we found that light irradiation of HerGa produces singlet oxygen, causing mitochondrial damage and cytochrome c release, thus promoting apoptotic cell death. An understanding of the mechanisms of cell death induced by HerGa, particularly under conditions of light-mediated excitation, may direct future efforts in further customizing this nanoparticle for additional therapeutic applications and enhanced potency.
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105
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Domingo C, Saurina J. An overview of the analytical characterization of nanostructured drug delivery systems: towards green and sustainable pharmaceuticals: a review. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 744:8-22. [PMID: 22935368 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The analytical characterization of drug delivery systems prepared by means of green manufacturing technologies using CO(2) as a processing fluid is here reviewed. The assessment of the performance of nanopharmaceuticals designed for controlled drug release may result in a complex analytical issue and multidisciplinary studies focused on the evaluation of physicochemical, morphological and textural properties of the products may be required. The determination of the drug content as well as the detection of impurities and solvent residues are often carried out by chromatography. Assays on solid state samples relying on X-ray, vibrational and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies are of great interests to study the composition and structure of pharmaceutical forms. The morphology and size of particles are commonly checked by microscopy and complementary chemical information can be extracted in combination with spectroscopic accessories. Regarding the thermal behavior, calorimetric and thermogravimetric techniques are applied to assess the thermal transitions and stability of the samples. The evaluation of drug release profiles from the nanopharmaceuticals can be based on various experimental set-ups depending on the administration route to be considered. Kinetic curves showing the evolution of the drug concentration as a function of time in various physiological conditions (e.g., gastric, plasmatic or topical) are recorded commonly by UV-vis spectroscopy and/or chromatography. Representative examples are commented in detail to illustrate the characterization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Domingo
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Barcelona (CSIC), Campus de la UAB s/n, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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106
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Schweiger C, Hartmann R, Zhang F, Parak WJ, Kissel TH, Rivera_Gil P. Quantification of the internalization patterns of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with opposite charge. J Nanobiotechnology 2012; 10:28. [PMID: 22781560 PMCID: PMC3431280 DOI: 10.1186/1477-3155-10-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Time-resolved quantitative colocalization analysis is a method based on confocal fluorescence microscopy allowing for a sophisticated characterization of nanomaterials with respect to their intracellular trafficking. This technique was applied to relate the internalization patterns of nanoparticles i.e. superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with distinct physicochemical characteristics with their uptake mechanism, rate and intracellular fate.The physicochemical characterization of the nanoparticles showed particles of approximately the same size and shape as well as similar magnetic properties, only differing in charge due to different surface coatings. Incubation of the cells with both nanoparticles resulted in strong differences in the internalization rate and in the intracellular localization depending on the charge. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of nanoparticles-organelle colocalization experiments revealed that positively charged particles were found to enter the cells faster using different endocytotic pathways than their negative counterparts. Nevertheless, both nanoparticles species were finally enriched inside lysosomal structures and their efficiency in agarose phantom relaxometry experiments was very similar.This quantitative analysis demonstrates that charge is a key factor influencing the nanoparticle-cell interactions, specially their intracellular accumulation. Despite differences in their physicochemical properties and intracellular distribution, the efficiencies of both nanoparticles as MRI agents were not significantly different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schweiger
- Pharmaceutics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philipps University of Marburg, Ketzerbach 63, Marburg, D 35037, Germany
| | - Raimo Hartmann
- Biophotonics Group and WZMW, Institute of Physics, Philipps University of Marburg, Renthof 7, Marburg, D 35037, Germany
| | - Feng Zhang
- Biophotonics Group and WZMW, Institute of Physics, Philipps University of Marburg, Renthof 7, Marburg, D 35037, Germany
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Biophotonics Group and WZMW, Institute of Physics, Philipps University of Marburg, Renthof 7, Marburg, D 35037, Germany
| | - Thomas H Kissel
- Pharmaceutics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philipps University of Marburg, Ketzerbach 63, Marburg, D 35037, Germany
| | - Pilar Rivera_Gil
- Biophotonics Group and WZMW, Institute of Physics, Philipps University of Marburg, Renthof 7, Marburg, D 35037, Germany
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107
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Beija M, Salvayre R, Lauth-de Viguerie N, Marty JD. Colloidal systems for drug delivery: from design to therapy. Trends Biotechnol 2012; 30:485-96. [PMID: 22673692 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2012.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicine, or medicine using nanometric devices, has emerged in the past decade as an exhilarating domain that can help to solve a number of problems linked to unsatisfactory therapeutic responses of so-called 'old drugs'. This dissatisfaction stems from inadequate biodistribution after a drug's application, which leads to a limited therapeutic response but also to numerous side effects to healthy organs. The biodistribution of drugs encapsulated in a nano object that will act as a vector can be modified to tune its therapeutic efficacy. This review provides a general overview of existing colloidal nanovectors: liposomes, polymeric micelles, polymeric vesicles, polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), and dendrimers. We describe their characteristics, advantages and drawbacks, and discuss their use in the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Beija
- Australian Centre For NanoMedicine (ACN), School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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108
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Hajdú A, Szekeres M, Tóth IY, Bauer RA, Mihály J, Zupkó I, Tombácz E. Enhanced stability of polyacrylate-coated magnetite nanoparticles in biorelevant media. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2012; 94:242-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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109
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Carregal-Romero S, Montenegro JM, Parak WJ, Rivera_Gil P. Subcellular carrier-based optical ion-selective nanosensors. Front Pharmacol 2012; 3:70. [PMID: 22557969 PMCID: PMC3337447 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2012.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, two carrier systems based on nanotechnology for real-time sensing of biologically relevant analytes (ions or other biological molecules) inside cells in a non-invasive way are discussed. One system is based on inorganic nanoparticles with an organic coating, whereas the second system is based on organic microcapsules. The sensor molecules presented within this work use an optical read-out. Due to the different physicochemical properties, both sensors show distinctive geometries that directly affect their internalization patterns. The nanoparticles carry the sensor molecule attached to their surfaces whereas the microcapsules encapsulate the sensor within their cavities. Their different size (nano and micro) enable each sensors to locate in different cellular regions. For example, the nanoparticles are mostly found in endolysosomal compartments but the microcapsules are rather found in phagolysosomal vesicles. Thus, allowing creating a tool of sensors that sense differently. Both sensor systems enable to measure ratiometrically however, only the microcapsules have the unique ability of multiplexing. At the end, an outlook on how more sophisticated sensors can be created by confining the nano-scaled sensors within the microcapsules will be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Carregal-Romero
- Department of Biophotonics, Institute of Physics and WZMW, Philipps University of MarburgMarburg, Germany
| | - Jose-Maria Montenegro
- Department of Biophotonics, Institute of Physics and WZMW, Philipps University of MarburgMarburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang J. Parak
- Department of Biophotonics, Institute of Physics and WZMW, Philipps University of MarburgMarburg, Germany
| | - Pilar Rivera_Gil
- Department of Biophotonics, Institute of Physics and WZMW, Philipps University of MarburgMarburg, Germany
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110
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Colombo M, Carregal-Romero S, Casula MF, Gutiérrez L, Morales MP, Böhm IB, Heverhagen JT, Prosperi D, Parak WJ. Biological applications of magnetic nanoparticles. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:4306-34. [PMID: 22481569 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs15337h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 699] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this review an overview about biological applications of magnetic colloidal nanoparticles will be given, which comprises their synthesis, characterization, and in vitro and in vivo applications. The potential future role of magnetic nanoparticles compared to other functional nanoparticles will be discussed by highlighting the possibility of integration with other nanostructures and with existing biotechnology as well as by pointing out the specific properties of magnetic colloids. Current limitations in the fabrication process and issues related with the outcome of the particles in the body will be also pointed out in order to address the remaining challenges for an extended application of magnetic nanoparticles in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Colombo
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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111
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Synthesis of shape-controlled and organic-hybridized hafnium oxide nanoparticles under sub- and supercritical hydrothermal conditions. J Supercrit Fluids 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2011.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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112
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Rivera-Gil P, Clift MJD, Rutishauser BR, Parak WJ. Methods for understanding the interaction between nanoparticles and cells. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 926:33-56. [PMID: 22975955 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-002-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A critical view of the current toxicological methods used in nanotechnology and their related techniques. Hereby, toxicological effects derived from the intracellular accumulation and uptake will be examined. Then advantages/disadvantages of these methods will be discussed. Additional analytical techniques necessary to implement the results will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Rivera-Gil
- Fachbereich Physik and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
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113
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Dykman L, Khlebtsov N. Gold nanoparticles in biomedical applications: recent advances and perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 41:2256-82. [PMID: 22130549 DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15166e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1143] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with controlled geometrical, optical, and surface chemical properties are the subject of intensive studies and applications in biology and medicine. To date, the ever increasing diversity of published examples has included genomics and biosensorics, immunoassays and clinical chemistry, photothermolysis of cancer cells and tumors, targeted delivery of drugs and antigens, and optical bioimaging of cells and tissues with state-of-the-art nanophotonic detection systems. This critical review is focused on the application of GNP conjugates to biomedical diagnostics and analytics, photothermal and photodynamic therapies, and delivery of target molecules. Distinct from other published reviews, we present a summary of the immunological properties of GNPs. For each of the above topics, the basic principles, recent advances, and current challenges are discussed (508 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lev Dykman
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, RAS, 13 Pr. Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russian Federation
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114
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De M, Chou SS, Joshi HM, Dravid VP. Hybrid magnetic nanostructures (MNS) for magnetic resonance imaging applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011; 63:1282-99. [PMID: 21851844 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/02/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The development of MRI contrast agents has experienced its version of the gilded age over the past decade, thanks largely to the rapid advances in nanotechnology. In addition to progress in single mode contrast agents, which ushered in unprecedented R(1) or R(2) sensitivities, there has also been a boon in the development of agents covering more than one mode of detection. These include T(1)-PET, T(2)-PET T(1)-optical, T(2)-optical, T(1)-T(2) agents and many others. In this review, we describe four areas which we feel have experienced particular growth due to nanotechnology, specifically T(2) magnetic nanostructure development, T(1)/T(2)-optical dual mode agents, and most recently the T(1)-T(2) hybrid imaging systems. In each of these systems, we describe applications including in vitro, in vivo usage and assay development. In all, while the benefits and drawbacks of most MRI contrast agents depend on the application at hand, the recent development in multimodal nanohybrids may curtail the shortcomings of single mode agents in diagnostic and clinical settings by synergistically incorporating functionality. It is hoped that as nanotechnology advances over the next decade, it will produce agents with increased diagnostics and assay relevant capabilities in streamlined packages that can meaningfully improve patient care and prognostics. In this review article, we focus on T(2) materials, its surface functionalization and coupling with optical and/or T(1) agents.
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115
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Bibliography. Neonatology and perinatology. Current world literature. Curr Opin Pediatr 2011; 23:253-7. [PMID: 21412083 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0b013e3283454167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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116
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Bae KH, Chung HJ, Park TG. Nanomaterials for cancer therapy and imaging. Mol Cells 2011; 31:295-302. [PMID: 21360197 PMCID: PMC3933969 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-011-0051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of organic and inorganic nanomaterials with dimensions below several hundred nanometers are recently emerging as promising tools for cancer therapeutic and diagnostic applications due to their unique characteristics of passive tumor targeting. A wide range of nanomedicine platforms such as polymeric micelles, liposomes, dendrimers, and polymeric nanoparticles have been extensively explored for targeted delivery of anti-cancer agents, because they can accumulate in the solid tumor site via leaky tumor vascular structures, thereby selectively delivering therapeutic payloads into the desired tumor tissue. In recent years, nanoscale delivery vehicles for small interfering RNA (siRNA) have been also developed as effective therapeutic approaches to treat cancer. Furthermore, rationally designed multi-functional surface modification of these nanomaterials with cancer targeting moieties, protective polymers, and imaging agents can lead to fabrication versatile theragnostic nanosystems that allow simultaneous cancer therapy and diagnosis. This review highlights the current state and future prospects of diverse biomedical nanomaterials for cancer therapy and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tae Gwan Park
- Department of Biological Sciences and Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
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117
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Liu H, Wu J, Min JH, Hou P, Song AY, Kim YK. Non-aqueous synthesis of water-dispersible Fe3O4-Ca3(PO4)2 core-shell nanoparticles. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 22:055701. [PMID: 21178225 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/5/055701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The Fe(3)O(4)-Ca(3)(PO(4))(2) core-shell nanoparticles were prepared by one-pot non-aqueous nanoemulsion with the assistance of a biocompatible triblock copolymer, poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(propylene glycol)-block-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEO-PPO-PEO), integrating the magnetic properties of Fe(3)O(4) and the bioactive functions of Ca(3)(PO(4))(2) into single entities. The Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles were pre-formed first by thermal reduction of Fe(acac)(3) and then the Ca(3)(PO(4))(2) layer was coated by simultaneous deposition of Ca(2+) and PO(4)(3-). The characterization shows that the combination of the two materials into a core-shell nanostructure retains the magnetic properties and the Ca(3)(PO(4))(2) shell forms an hcp phase (a = 7.490 Å, c = 9.534 Å) on the Fe(3)O(4) surface. The magnetic hysteresis curves of the nanoparticles were further elucidated by the Langevin equation, giving an estimation of the effective magnetic dimension of the nanoparticles and reflecting the enhanced susceptibility response as a result of the surface covering. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis provides the characteristic vibrations of Ca(3)(PO(4))(2) and the presence of the polymer surfactant on the nanoparticle surface. Moreover, the nanoparticles could be directly transferred to water and the aqueous dispersion-collection process of the nanoparticles was demonstrated for application readiness of such core-shell nanostructures in an aqueous medium. Thus, the construction of Fe(3)O(4) and Ca(3)(PO(4))(2) in the core-shell nanostructure has conspicuously led to enhanced performance and multi-functionalities, offering various possible applications of the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- HongLing Liu
- Institute of Molecular and Crystal Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, People's Republic of China
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118
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Sanchez C, Belleville P, Popall M, Nicole L. Applications of advanced hybrid organic-inorganic nanomaterials: from laboratory to market. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:696-753. [PMID: 21229132 DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00136h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 688] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Today cross-cutting approaches, where molecular engineering and clever processing are synergistically coupled, allow the chemist to tailor complex hybrid systems of various shapes with perfect mastery at different size scales, composition, functionality, and morphology. Hybrid materials with organic-inorganic or bio-inorganic character represent not only a new field of basic research but also, via their remarkable new properties and multifunctional nature, hybrids offer prospects for many new applications in extremely diverse fields. The description and discussion of the major applications of hybrid inorganic-organic (or biologic) materials are the major topic of this critical review. Indeed, today the very large set of accessible hybrid materials span a wide spectrum of properties which yield the emergence of innovative industrial applications in various domains such as optics, micro-electronics, transportation, health, energy, housing, and the environment among others (526 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Sanchez
- UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7574, Laboratoire Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, Collège de France, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot F-75231 cedex 05, Paris, France.
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119
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Jutz G, Böker A. Bionanoparticles as functional macromolecular building blocks – A new class of nanomaterials. POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2010.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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120
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Tran LD, Hoang NMT, Mai TT, Tran HV, Nguyen NT, Tran TD, Do MH, Nguyen QT, Pham DG, Ha TP, Le HV, Nguyen PX. Nanosized magnetofluorescent Fe3O4–curcumin conjugate for multimodal monitoring and drug targeting. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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121
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Molecular nanoclinics: Dream or reality? Pharmacol Res 2010; 62:55-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2010.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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