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Wang W, Du ZQ, Cheng B, Wang Y, Yao J, Li Y, Cao Z, Luan P, Wang N, Li H. Expression profiling of preadipocyte microRNAs by deep sequencing on chicken lines divergently selected for abdominal fatness. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117843. [PMID: 25675096 PMCID: PMC4326283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Through posttranscriptional gene regulation, microRNA (miRNA) is linked to a wide variety of biological processes, including adipogenesis and lipid metabolism. Although miRNAs in mammalian adipogenesis have been worked on extensively, their study in chicken adipogenesis is still very limited. To find miRNAs potentially important for chicken preadipocyte development, we compared the preadipocyte miRNA expression profiles in two broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content, by sequencing two small RNA libraries constructed for primary preadipocytes isolated from abdominal adipose tissues. After bioinformatics analyses, from chicken miRNAs deposited in miRBase 20.0, we identified 225 miRNAs to be expressed in preadipocytes, 185 in the lean line and 200 in the fat line (derived from 208 and 203 miRNA precursors, respectively), which corresponds to 114 miRNA families. The let-7 family miRNAs were the most abundant. Furthermore, we validated the sequencing results of 15 known miRNAs by qRT-PCR, and confirmed that the expression levels of most miRNAs correlated well with those of Solexa sequencing. A total of 33 miRNAs was significantly differentially expressed between the two chicken lines (P<0.05). Gene ontology analysis revealed that they could target genes enriched in the regulation of gene transcription and chromatin function, response to insulin stimulation, and IGF-1 signaling pathways, which could have important roles in preadipocyte development. Therefore, a valuable information and resource of miRNAs on chicken adipogenesis were provided in this study. Future functional investigations on these miRNAs could help explore related genes and molecular networks fundamental to preadipocyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weishi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Du
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Bohan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yao
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yumao Li
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Cao
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Peng Luan
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (NW); (HL)
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (NW); (HL)
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102
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Rutter GA, Hodson DJ. Beta cell connectivity in pancreatic islets: a type 2 diabetes target? Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:453-467. [PMID: 25323131 PMCID: PMC11113448 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1755-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Beta cell connectivity describes the phenomenon whereby the islet context improves insulin secretion by providing a three-dimensional platform for intercellular signaling processes. Thus, the precise flow of information through homotypically interconnected beta cells leads to the large-scale organization of hormone release activities, influencing cell responses to glucose and other secretagogues. Although a phenomenon whose importance has arguably been underappreciated in islet biology until recently, a growing number of studies suggest that such cell-cell communication is a fundamental property of this micro-organ. Hence, connectivity may plausibly be targeted by both environmental and genetic factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to perturb normal beta cell function and insulin release. Here, we review the mechanisms that contribute to beta cell connectivity, discuss how these may fail during T2DM, and examine approaches to restore insulin secretion by boosting cell communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy A Rutter
- Section of Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - David J Hodson
- Section of Cell Biology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
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103
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Markovič R, Stožer A, Gosak M, Dolenšek J, Marhl M, Rupnik MS. Progressive glucose stimulation of islet beta cells reveals a transition from segregated to integrated modular functional connectivity patterns. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7845. [PMID: 25598507 PMCID: PMC4297961 DOI: 10.1038/srep07845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Collective beta cell activity in islets of Langerhans is critical for the supply of insulin within an organism. Even though individual beta cells are intrinsically heterogeneous, the presence of intercellular coupling mechanisms ensures coordinated activity and a well-regulated exocytosis of insulin. In order to get a detailed insight into the functional organization of the syncytium, we applied advanced analytical tools from the realm of complex network theory to uncover the functional connectivity pattern among cells composing the intact islet. The procedure is based on the determination of correlations between long temporal traces obtained from confocal functional multicellular calcium imaging of beta cells stimulated in a stepwise manner with a range of physiological glucose concentrations. Our results revealed that the extracted connectivity networks are sparse for low glucose concentrations, whereas for higher stimulatory levels they become more densely connected. Most importantly, for all ranges of glucose concentration beta cells within the islets form locally clustered functional sub-compartments, thereby indicating that their collective activity profiles exhibit a modular nature. Moreover, we show that the observed non-linear functional relationship between different network metrics and glucose concentration represents a well-balanced setup that parallels physiological insulin release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Markovič
- Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Andraž Stožer
- 1] Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia [2] Centre for Open Innovations and Research, University of Maribor, Slomškov trg 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marko Gosak
- 1] Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia [2] Centre for Open Innovations and Research, University of Maribor, Slomškov trg 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia [3] Faculty of Education, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Jurij Dolenšek
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marko Marhl
- 1] Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia [2] Centre for Open Innovations and Research, University of Maribor, Slomškov trg 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia [3] Faculty of Education, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marjan Slak Rupnik
- 1] Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia [2] Centre for Open Innovations and Research, University of Maribor, Slomškov trg 15, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia [3] Institute of Physiology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraβe 17, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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