101
|
Mezghani S, N'Guessan P, Carrier A, Amri M. The Ethanol Precipitate of U
lva rigida
Protects HeLa Cells from Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Apoptosis. J Food Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Mezghani
- Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology; Research Unit UR/11ES09; Department of Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science of Tunis; University Tunis El Manar; Tunis 2037 Tunisia
| | | | | | - Mohamed Amri
- Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology; Research Unit UR/11ES09; Department of Biological Sciences; Faculty of Science of Tunis; University Tunis El Manar; Tunis 2037 Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Protective roles of sodium selenite against aflatoxin B1-induced apoptosis of jejunum in broilers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:13130-43. [PMID: 25526081 PMCID: PMC4276667 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph111213130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure and sodium selenite supplementation on cell apoptosis of jejunum in broilers were studied. A total of 240 one-day-old male AA broilers were randomly assigned four dietary treatments containing 0 mg/kg of AFB1 (control), 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 (AFB1), 0.4 mg/kg supplement Se (+ Se) and 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 + 0.4 mg/kg supplement Se (AFB1 + Se), respectively. Compared with the control broilers, the number of apoptotic cells, the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 mRNA were significantly increased, while the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio were significantly decreased in AFB1 broilers. The number of apoptotic cells and the expression of Caspase-3 mRNA in AFB1 + Se broilers were significantly higher than those in the control broilers, but significantly lower than those in AFB1 broilers. There were no significant changes in the expression of Bax mRNA between AFB1 + Se and control broilers; the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio in AFB1 + Se broilers were significantly lower than those in the control broilers, but significantly higher than those in AFB1 broilers. In conclusion, 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 in the diet can increase cell apoptosis, decrease Bcl-2 mRNA expression, and increase of Bax and Caspase-3 mRNA expression in broiler’s jejunum. However, supplementation of dietary sodium selenite at the concentration of 0.4 mg/kg Se may ameliorate AFB1-induced apoptosis by increasing Bcl-2 mRNA expression, and decreasing Bax and Caspase-3 mRNA expression.
Collapse
|
103
|
Chen K, Fang J, Peng X, Cui H, Chen J, Wang F, Chen Z, Zuo Z, Deng J, Lai W, Zhou Y. Effect of selenium supplementation on aflatoxin B₁-induced histopathological lesions and apoptosis in bursa of Fabricius in broilers. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 74:91-7. [PMID: 25261862 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of sodium selenite against aflatoxin B1 (AFB 1), 200 male Avian broilers, divided into five groups, were fed with basal diet (control group), 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 (AFB1 group), 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 + 0.2 mg/kg Se (+Se group I), 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 + 0.4 mg/kg Se (+Se group II) and 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 + 0.6 mg/kg Se (+Se group III), respectively. Compared with the control group, decreased relative weight of bursa of Fabricius and contents of serum immunoglobulin, more vacuoles and debris in the bursal lymphoid follicle, and increased percentage of apoptotic bursal cells were observed in the AFB1 group. Sodium selenite, however, could increase the relative weight of bursa of Fabricius and contents of serum immunoglobulin, and ameliorate histopathological lesions. The percentages of apoptotic bursal cells, through flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling method, in the three +Se groups were lower than those in the AFB 1 group. Compared with the AFB 1 group, moreover, the mRNA expressions of Bax and Caspase-3 by qRT-PCR in the three +Se groups were decreased, while the expression of Bcl-2 was increased. The results indicate that sodium selenite in diet can protect chicken from AFB 1-induced impairment of humoral immune function by reducing bursal histopathological lesions and percentages of apoptotic bursal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kejie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Xi Peng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China.
| | - Hengmin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China.
| | - Jin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Fengyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Zhengli Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Zhicai Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Junliang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Weimin Lai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- College of Life and Basic Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Deep-sea water containing selenium provides intestinal protection against duodenal ulcers through the upregulation of Bcl-2 and thioredoxin reductase 1. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96006. [PMID: 24984066 PMCID: PMC4077573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep-sea water (DSW), which is rich in micronutrients and minerals and with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities, may be developed as marine drugs to provide intestinal protection against duodenal ulcers. We determined several characteristics in the modified DSW. We explored duodenal pressure, oxygenation, microvascular blood flow, and changes in pH and oxidative redox potential (ORP) values within the stomach and duodenum in response to tap water (TW, hardness: 2.48 ppm), DSW600 (hardness: 600 ppm), and DSW1200 (hardness: 1200 ppm) in Wistar rats and analyzed oxidative stress and apoptosis gene expressions by cDNA and RNA microarrays in the duodenal epithelium. We compared the effects of drinking DSW, MgCl2, and selenium water on duodenal ulcers using pathologic scoring, immunohistochemical analysis, and Western blotting. Our results showed DSW has a higher pH value, lower ORP value, higher scavenging H2O2 and HOCl activity, higher Mg2+ concentrations, and micronutrients selenium compared with TW samples. Water infusion significantly increased intestinal pressure, O2 levels, and microvascular blood flow in DSW and TW groups. Microarray showed DSW600, DSW1200, selenium water upregulated antioxidant and anti-apoptotic genes and downregulated pro-apoptotic gene expression compared with the TW group. Drinking DSW600, DSW1200, and selenium water but not Mg2+ water significantly enhanced Bcl-2 and thioredoxin reductase 1 expression. Bax/Bcl-2/caspase 3/poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase signaling was activated during the pathogenesis of duodenal ulceration. DSW drinking reduced ulcer area as well as apoptotic signaling in acetic acid-induced duodenal ulcers. DSW, which contains selenium, provides intestinal protection against duodenal ulcers through the upregulation of Bcl-2 and thioredoxin reductase 1.
Collapse
|
105
|
Liu LL, Zhang JL, Zhang ZW, Yao HD, Sun G, Xu SW. Protective roles of selenium on nitric oxide-mediated apoptosis of immune organs induced by cadmium in chickens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 159:199-209. [PMID: 24839000 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-0007-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the influence of subchronic cadmium exposure on apoptosis in the immune organs of birds and the protective effects on apoptosis by selenium against cadmium. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of subchronic cadmium exposure on nitric oxide and apoptosis in the immune organs of chicken and the protective roles of selenium against cadmium-induced apoptosis. Two hundred ten 30-day-old chickens were randomly assigned to three groups and were fed a basal diet, cadmium+selenium (as 150 mg of CdCl2 per kg of diet+10 mg of Na2SeO3 per kg of diet ) or cadmium (as 150 mg of CdCl2 per kg of diet) in basic diets for 15, 30, 45, and 60 days. Then, the production of nitric oxide, messenger RNA (mRNA level), and the activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase, ultrastructural changes, TUNEL assay, and flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis and Bcl-2 and p53 mRNA levels in the immune organs were examined. The results showed that cadmium exposure caused ultrastructural damage and increased production of nitric oxide, mRNA level, and activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase, the degree, and the number of apoptotic cells in a time-dependent manner. Cadmium exposure decreased Bcl-2 mRNA level and increased p53 mRNA level in a time-dependent manner. Selenium supplementation during dietary cadmium reduced the production of nitric oxide, the mRNA level, and activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase, ultrastructural damage, and apoptosis in the immune organs of chicken. It indicated that cadmium induced nitric oxide-mediated apoptosis of immune organs, and selenium played protective effects against cadmium-induced apoptosis in the immune organs of chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-li Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
106
|
Parveen F, Nizamani ZA, Gan F, Chen X, Shi X, Kumbhar S, Zeb A, Huang K. Protective effect of selenomethionine on aflatoxin B1-induced oxidative stress in MDCK cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 157:266-74. [PMID: 24425350 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9887-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
AFB1 is a mycotoxin which exerts their cytotoxicity through increasing oxidative damage in target organ. Kidney is one of target organs vulnerable to damage caused by AFB1. In this study, Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells were used to evaluate the AFB1-induced cell damage by the MTT assay. The results revealed that the toxic effect of AFB1 on MDCK cells is both dose and time dependent. Half maximal toxic concentration (IC50) was noted at 0.25 μg/ml of AFB1. Further, protective effect of six different concentrations (0.2, 0.8, 1, 2, 4, and 8 μM) of selenomethionine (SeMet) was observed against 0.25 μg/ml of AFB1-induced damage. The results showed that 0.25 μg/ml of AFB1 caused significant increase in oxidative stress, which was demonstrated by significant increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) level, reduction of intracellular GSH level, as well as GPX1 activity and mRNA level in MDCK cells when compared with control. SeMet protected the cells from AFB1-induced oxidative damage in a dose-dependant manner. Good protection could be achieved between 1 and 4 μM of concentration. Amid this range, MDA level significantly decreased while intracellular GSH level and GPX1 activity in addition to mRNA level significantly increased. Moreover, cell viability was significantly improved. It could be concluded that SeMet is a potential antioxidative agent to alleviate AFB1-induced oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahmida Parveen
- Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
107
|
Yu D, Zhang ZW, Yao HD, Li S, Xu SW. Antioxidative role of selenoprotein W in oxidant-induced chicken splenic lymphocyte death. Biometals 2014; 27:277-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-014-9708-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
108
|
Wu SX, Wang WZ, Zhang F, Wu CY, Dennis B, Qu CJ, Bai YD, Guo X. Expression profiles of genes involved in apoptosis and selenium metabolism in articular cartilage of patients with Kashin–Beck osteoarthritis. Gene 2014; 535:124-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
109
|
An Z, Qi Y, Huang D, Gu X, Tian Y, Li P, Li H, Zhang Y. EGCG inhibits Cd(2+)-induced apoptosis through scavenging ROS rather than chelating Cd(2+) in HL-7702 cells. Toxicol Mech Methods 2014; 24:259-67. [PMID: 24392852 DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2013.879975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Epigallocatechin-3-gallat (EGCG), the major catechin in green tea, shows a potential protective effect against heavy metal toxicity to humans. Apoptosis is one of the key events in cadmium (Cd(2+))-induced cytotoxicity. Nevertheless, the study of EGCG on Cd(2+)-induced apoptosis is rarely reported. The objective of this study was to clarify the effect and detailed mechanism of EGCG on Cd(2+)-induced apoptosis. METHODS Normal human liver cells (HL-7702) were treated with Cd(2+) for 21 h, and then co-treated with EGCG for 3 h. Cell viability, apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and caspase-3 activity were detected. On the other hand, the chelation of Cd(2+) with EGCG was tested by UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ((1)H NMR) spectroscopy under neutral condition (pH 7.2). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Cd(2+) significantly decreased the cell viability and induced apoptosis in HL-7702 cells. Conversely, EGCG co-treatment resulted in significant inhibition of Cd(2+)-induced reduction of cell viability and apoptosis, implying a rescue effect of EGCG against Cd(2+) poisoning. The protective effect most likely arises from scavenging ROS and maintaining redox homeostasis, as the generation of intracellular ROS and MDA is significantly reduced by EGCG, which further prevents MMP collapse and suppresses caspase-3 activity. However, no evidence is observed for the chelation of EGCG with Cd(2+) under neutral condition. Therefore, a clear conclusion from this work can be made that EGCG could inhibit Cd(2+)-induced apoptosis by acting as a ROS scavenger rather than a metal chelating agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen An
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou, Gansu , China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
110
|
Wu MM, Yuan YH, Chen J, Li CJ, Zhang DM, Chen NH. Polygalasaponin F against rotenone-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells via mitochondria protection pathway. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2014; 16:59-69. [PMID: 24382325 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2013.864283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the protective effect and the underlying mechanism of polygalasaponin F (PS-F) against rotenone-induced PC12 cells, the cell viability was evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. The cell apoptosis rate was analyzed using flow cytometry. The reactive oxygen species was examined using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate, and the adenosine triphosphate depletion was examined using a luciferase-coupled quantification assay. JC-1 staining was used to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blotting analysis was used to determine cytochrome c, p53, Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3. Treatment of PC12 cells with rotenone (1-10 μmol/l) significantly reduced the cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with PS-F (0.1, 1, and 10 μmol/l) increased the viability of rotenone-induced PC12 cells, decreased rotenone-induced apoptosis, restored rotenone-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, and suppressed rotenone-induced protein expression. PS-F showed a dose-dependent manner in all the treatments. PS-F protects PC12 cells against rotenone-induced apoptosis via ameliorating the mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, PS-F may be a potential bioactive compound for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Miao Wu
- a State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Department of Pharmacology , Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , 100050 , China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
111
|
|
112
|
Liu ZW, Zhu HT, Chen KL, Qiu C, Tang KF, Niu XL. Selenium attenuates high glucose-induced ROS/TLR-4 involved apoptosis of rat cardiomyocyte. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 156:262-70. [PMID: 24214856 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The potential mechanism of high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and selenium's protective effects were investigated in this study. Myocytes isolated from neonate rats were cultured in high-glucose medium (25.5 mmol/L glucose) to mimic sustained hyperglycemia. Before high-glucose incubation, myocytes were pretreated by sodium selenite solution. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining and caspase activation. Expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD-88) was examined at both mRNA and protein levels. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in myocytes were also detected. We found high glucose-induced cell apoptosis and activation of TLR-4/MyD-88/caspase-8/caspase-3 signaling, accompanied by increased production of ROS. Selenium pretreatment attenuated apoptosis in high glucose-incubated myocytes, and mechanically, this protective effect was found to be associated with attenuating oxidative status by increasing activity of GPx, decreasing the generation of ROS, as well as inhibition of the activation of TLR-4/MyD-88/caspase-8/caspase-3 signaling in myocytes. These results suggest that activation of TLR-4/MyD-88 signaling pathway plays an important role in high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Additionally, by modulating TLR-4/MyD-88 signaling pathway, which is linked to ROS formation, selenium exerts its antioxidative and antiapoptotic effects in high glucose-incubated myocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Wei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
113
|
Santoyo-Sánchez MP, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Molina-Jijón E, Arreola-Mendoza L, Rodríguez-Muñoz R, Barbier OC. Impaired endocytosis in proximal tubule from subchronic exposure to cadmium involves angiotensin II type 1 and cubilin receptors. BMC Nephrol 2013; 14:211. [PMID: 24093454 PMCID: PMC3851428 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2369-14-211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic exposure to low cadmium (Cd) levels produces urinary excretion of low molecular weight proteins, which is considered the critical effect of Cd exposure. However, the mechanisms involved in Cd-induced proteinuria are not entirely clear. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the possible role of megalin and cubilin (important endocytic receptors in proximal tubule cells) and angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor on Cd-induced microalbuminuria. METHODS Four groups of female Wistar rats were studied. Control (CT) group, vehicle-treated rats; LOS group, rats treated with losartan (an AT1 antagonist) from weeks 5 to 8 (10 mg/kg/day by gavage); Cd group, rats subchronically exposed to Cd (3 mg/kg/day by gavage) during 8 weeks, and Cd + LOS group, rats treated with Cd for 8 weeks and LOS from weeks 5-8. Kidney Cd content, glomerular function (evaluated by creatinine clearance and plasma creatinine), kidney injury and tubular function (evaluated by Kim-1 expression, urinary excretion of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and glucose, and microalbuminuria), oxidative stress (measured by lipid peroxidation and NAD(P)H oxidase activity), mRNA levels of megalin, expressions of megalin and cubilin (by confocal microscopy) and AT1 receptor (by Western blot), were measured in the different experimental groups. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test using GraphPad Prism 5 software (Version 5.00). P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Administration of Cd (Cd and Cd + LOS groups) increased renal Cd content. LOS-treatment decreased Cd-induced microalbuminuria without changes in: plasma creatinine, creatinine clearance, urinary NAG and glucose, oxidative stress, mRNA levels of megalin and cubilin, neither protein expression of megalin nor AT1 receptor, in the different experimental groups studied. However, Cd exposure did induce the expression of the tubular injury marker Kim-1 and decreased cubilin protein levels in proximal tubule cells whereas LOS-treatment restored cubilin levels and suppressed Kim-1 expression. CONCLUSION LOS treatment decreased microalbuminuria induced by Cd apparently through a cubilin receptor-dependent mechanism but independent of megalin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitzi Paola Santoyo-Sánchez
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City, México.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
114
|
Zhang Y, Bao YL, Wu Y, Yu CL, Huang YX, Sun Y, Zheng LH, Li YX. Alantolactone induces apoptosis in RKO cells through the generation of reactive oxygen species and the mitochondrial pathway. Mol Med Rep 2013; 8:967-72. [PMID: 23970102 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Alantolactone, a methanol extract of Inula helenium, possesses anticancer properties in a number of cancer cell lines. However, its anticancer effect on human colorectal cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In the present study, the effects of alantolactone on cell viability and apoptosis in RKO human colon cancer cells were investigated. Alantolactone treatment of RKO cells was found to result in dose‑dependent inhibition of cell viability and induction of apoptosis, accompanied with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, these effects were blocked with N‑acetylcysteine, a specific ROS inhibitor. Western blotting indicated that exposure of RKO cells to alantolactone is associated with the downregulation of Bcl‑2, induction of Bax and activation of caspase‑3 and ‑9. These results indicated that a ROS‑mediated mitochondria‑dependent pathway is involved in alantolactone‑induced apoptosis. From these observations, it was hypothesized that alantolactone may be used for the treatment of human colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
115
|
The protective effects of selenium on cadmium-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis via mitochondria pathway in mice kidney. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 58:61-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
116
|
Wang F, Shu G, Peng X, Fang J, Chen K, Cui H, Chen Z, Zuo Z, Deng J, Geng Y, Lai W. Protective effects of sodium selenite against aflatoxin B1-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in broiler spleen. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2013; 10:2834-44. [PMID: 23839060 PMCID: PMC3734461 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10072834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible protective role of sodium selenite on aflatoxin B1-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in spleen of broilers. Two hundred one-day-old male broilers, divided into five groups, were fed with basal diet (control group), 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 (AFB1 group), 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 + 0.2 mg/kg Se (+Se group I), 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 + 0.4 mg/kg Se (+Se group II) and 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 + 0.6 mg/kg Se (+Se group III), respectively. According to biochemical assays, AFB1 significantly decreased the activities of glutathione peroxidase, total superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, catalase and the level of glutathione hormone, while it increased the level of malondialdehyde. Moreover, AFB1 increased the percentage of apoptosis cells by flow cytometry and the occurrence of apoptotic cells by TUNEL assay. Simultaneous supplementation with sodium selenite restored these parameters to be close to those in control group. In conclusion, sodium selenite exhibited protective effects on AFB1-induced splenic toxicity in broilers by inhibiting oxidative stress and excessive apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xi Peng
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (X.P.); (J.F.); Tel.: +86-130-8631-1201 (X.P.); +86-130-5657-7921 (J.F.)
| | - Jing Fang
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (X.P.); (J.F.); Tel.: +86-130-8631-1201 (X.P.); +86-130-5657-7921 (J.F.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
117
|
Chen K, Shu G, Peng X, Fang J, Cui H, Chen J, Wang F, Chen Z, Zuo Z, Deng J, Geng Y, Lai W. Protective role of sodium selenite on histopathological lesions, decreased T-cell subsets and increased apoptosis of thymus in broilers intoxicated with aflatoxin B₁. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 59:446-54. [PMID: 23810797 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
For evaluating the ability of selenium (Se) in counteracting the adverse effects of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁), two hundred 1-day-old male Avian broilers, divided into five groups, were fed with basal diet (control group), 0.3 mg/kg AFB₁ (AFB₁ group), 0.3 mg/kg AFB₁+0.2 mg/kg Se (+Se group I), 0.3mg/kg AFB₁+0.4 mg/kg Se (+Se group II) and 0.3mg/kg AFB₁+0.6 mg/kg Se (+Se group III), respectively. Compared with control group, the decreased relative weight of thymus and percentages of mature thymocytes, congestion in medulla and much debris in cortex of thymus, and the increased apoptotic thymocytes were observed in AFB1 group. However, supplied dietary sodium selenite could increase the relative weight of thymus and percentages of mature thymocytes, and alleviate histopathological lesions. Compared with AFB1 group, the percentages of apoptotic thymocytes detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling method and flow cytometry method in three +Se groups were decreased, the expression of Caspase-3 and Bax, through quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemical method, in three +Se groups were decreased, while the expression of Bcl-2 was increased. The results indicate that sodium selenite supplied in the diet, through a mechanism of apoptosis regulation, may ameliorated AFB₁-induced lesions of thymus and accordingly improve the impaired cellular immune function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kejie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
118
|
Spiclomazine induces apoptosis associated with the suppression of cell viability, migration and invasion in pancreatic carcinoma cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66362. [PMID: 23840452 PMCID: PMC3688794 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The effective treatment for pancreatic carcinoma remains critically needed. Herein, this current study showed that spiclomazine treatment caused a reduction in viability in pancreatic carcinoma cell lines CFPAC-1 and MIA PaCa-2 in vitro. It was notable in this regard that, compared with pancreatic carcinoma cells, normal human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) and liver (HL-7702) cells were more resistant to the antigrowth effect of spiclomazine. Biochemically, spiclomazine treatment regulated the expression of protein levels in the apoptosis related pathways. Consistent with this effect, spiclomazine reduced the mitochondria membrane potential, elevated reactive oxygen species, and activated caspase-3/9. In addition, a key finding from this study was that spiclomazine suppressed migration and invasion of cancer cells through down-regulation of MMP-2/9. Collectively, the proposed studies did shed light on the antiproliferation effect of spiclomazine on pancreatic carcinoma cell lines, and further clarified the mechanisms that spiclomazine induced apoptosis associated with the suppression of migration and invasion.
Collapse
|
119
|
Zhu LJ, Hou YL, Shen XY, Pan XD, Zhang X, Yao XS. Monoterpene pyridine alkaloids and phenolics from Scrophularia ningpoensis and their cardioprotective effect. Fitoterapia 2013; 88:44-9. [PMID: 23602903 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2013.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Scrophularianines A-C (1-3), three new unusual monoterpene pyridine alkaloids with cyclopenta [c] pyridine skeleton reported from the genus Scrophularia for the first time, together with 15 known compounds (4-18), were isolated from the extract of Scrophularia ningpoensis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive analyses of spectroscopic evidences. The biogenetic relationship between monoterpene pyridine alkaloids and iridoids was proposed preliminarily. The myocardial protective bioassay indicated that compounds 13 and 14 with a concentration of 10(-4)M exhibited significantly protective effect against H2O2-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Juan Zhu
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yun-Long Hou
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, PR China
| | - Xiu-Yu Shen
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Xiao-Dong Pan
- Department of Pharmacology (the State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, PR China
| | - Xue Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Xin-Sheng Yao
- College of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
120
|
Yiran Z, Chenyang J, Jiajing W, Yan Y, Jianhong G, Jianchun B, Xuezhong L, Zongping L. Oxidative stress and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways involved in cadmium-induced BRL 3A cell apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:516051. [PMID: 23577223 PMCID: PMC3618937 DOI: 10.1155/2013/516051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, BRL 3A cells were treated with different Cd concentrations (0, 10, 20, and 40 μmol/L) for 12 h and preincubated with or without N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) (2 mmol/L) for 30 min, and cells were treated with Cd (0 and 20 μmol/L), pretreated with p38 inhibitor (SB203580), JNK (c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases) inhibitor (SP600125), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor (U0126) for 30 min, and then treated with 20 μmol/L Cd for 12 h. Cd decreased cell viability, SOD, and GSH-Px activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Increased MDA level, ROS generation, nuclear condensation, shrinkage, and fragmentation in cell morphology were inhibited by NAC. Cd-induced apoptosis was attenuated by pretreatment with SB203580, SP600125, and U0126. The results of western blot showed that NAC preincubation affected Cd-activated MAPK pathways, p38 and ERK phosphorylation. Cd treatment elevated the mRNA levels of Bax and decreased the mRNA levels of Bcl-2, respectively. The same effect was found in their protein expression levels. These results suggest that oxidative stress and MAPK pathways participate in Cd-induced apoptosis and that the balance between pro- and antiapoptotic genes (Bax and Bcl-2) is important in Cd-induced apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Yiran
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiang Chenyang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wang Jiajing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gu Jianhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bian Jianchun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liu Xuezhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liu Zongping
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Li D, Liu Z, Zhao W, Zheng X, Wang J, Wang E. A small-molecule induces apoptosis and suppresses metastasis in pancreatic cancer cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 48:658-67. [PMID: 23313624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 12/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most malignant tumor diseases with the characters of aggressive growth and metastasis. With the inefficiency of the current therapeutics, new potential targets and new therapeutic agents for healing of pancreatic cancer are critically needed. We have previously found a small molecule, named 4-tert-butyl-2-[(cyclohexylamino) methyl]-6-methylphenol (TBMMP, NSC number: 48160), which can freeze the intermediate of Ras-GTP hydrolysis in the open non-signaling conformation with high affinity and high specificity in silico. In this work, we studied the effect and mechanism of TBMMP on two pancreatic cancer cell lines, CFPAC-1 and BxPC-3. The results showed that TBMMP could restrain the growth of the pancreatic cancer cells with IC(50) value 84.3 μM for CPFAC-1 and 94.5 μM for BxPC-3, respectively. Additionally, TBMMP increased cytochrome c release, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, activated caspase-3, -9, elevated ROS and increased expression of the Bax in the pancreatic cancer cell lines. The results indicated that TBMMP induced the apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells through the mitochondrial pathway. Further, we also found that TBMMP could suppress the metastasis of both pancreatic cancer cells in vitro. Taken together, we proposed that TBMMP might be a therapeutic potential lead for treating patients with pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
122
|
Selvaraj V, Tomblin J, Yeager Armistead M, Murray E. Selenium (sodium selenite) causes cytotoxicity and apoptotic mediated cell death in PLHC-1 fish cell line through DNA and mitochondrial membrane potential damage. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 87:80-88. [PMID: 23158585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Elevated concentration of selenium poses a toxic threat to organisms inhabiting aquatic ecosystems influenced by excessive inputs from anthropogenic sources. Selenium is also an essential micronutrient in living things, particularly in fish, and provides antioxidant properties to tissues. Whole fish and hepatocytes in primary culture show selenite toxicity above threshold levels. The present study was designed to investigate the process by which selenite exposure causes cellular toxicity and apoptotic and necrotic cell death in fish hepatoma cell line PLHC-1. PLHC-1 cells were exposed to various selenite concentrations (1, 10, 50 and 100 μM) for 10, 20 and 40 h intervals. The 24h inhibitory concentration 50 (IC₅₀) of selenite in PLHC-1 cell line was found to be 237 μM. Flow cytometery data showed that selenite exposed cells promote apoptotic and necrotic mediated cell death when selenite concentrations were ≥10 μM compared to control. Selenite exposure was associated with a significant increase of caspase-3 activities suggesting the induction of apoptosis. Selenite exposure at high levels (≥10 μM) and longer exposure times (≥20 h) induces mitochondrial membrane potential damage (ΔΨ(m)), DNA damage and elevated production of ROS which could be associated with cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vellaisamy Selvaraj
- Department of Integrated Science and Technology, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
123
|
The protection of selenium against cadmium-induced cytotoxicity via the heat shock protein pathway in chicken splenic lymphocytes. Molecules 2012; 17:14565-72. [PMID: 23222903 PMCID: PMC6268861 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171214565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that poses a hazard to animal health due to its toxicity. Selenium (Se) is an important nutritional trace element. However, the potential protective effects of Se against Cd-induced toxicity remain to be elucidated. To investigate the cytotoxicity of Cd on bird immunocytes in vitro and the protective effects of Se against exposure to Cd, chicken splenic lymphocytes received Cd (10−6 mol/L), Se (10−7 mol/L), and the mixture of 10−7 mol/L Se and 10−6 mol/L Cd and were incubated for 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, 48 h, respectively. The transcription of heat shock protein (HSP) 27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90 mRNA was tested by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The results showed that the mRNA expression of HSPs exposed to 10−6 mol/L Cd showed a sustained decrease at 12–48 h exposure. A statistically significant increase in the mRNA expression of HSPs in the case of Se group was observed, as compared to the control group of chicken splenic lymphocytes. Concomitantly, treatment of chicken splenic lymphocytes with Se in combination with Cd enhanced the mRNA expression of HSPs which were reduced by Cd treatment. This indicated that the protective effect of Se against the toxicity of Cd might, at least partially, be attributed to stimulation of the level of HSPs.
Collapse
|
124
|
Feng L, Zhu M, Zhang M, Jia X, Cheng X, Ding S, Zhu Q. Amelioration of compound 4,4'-diphenylmethane-bis(methyl)carbamate on high mobility group box1-mediated inflammation and oxidant stress responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells via RAGE/ERK1/2/NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 15:206-16. [PMID: 23219582 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), a secreted nuclear protein, acts as an inflammatory mediator and has been implicated in pathophysiological damage of diabetic vascular complications. A compound 4,4'-diphenylmethane-bis(methyl) carbamate (CM1) has a protective activity on advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced endothelial dysfunction in our previous study. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CM1 could attenuate HMGB1-induced endothelial dysfunction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and also elucidate the possible underlying mechanism. The pre-treatment of CM1 (10(-9)M) could inhibit significantly the migration of macrophages in co-incubation with HUVECs system. HMGB1 stimulated intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) protein expression in HUVECs, which were inhibited by pretreatment with CM1. Furthermore, it also reduced significantly reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) level in co-incubation system. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting assays showed that CM1 could attenuate HMGB1-induced intracellular ERK1/2 and NF-kB activation in HUVECs. Our findings indicated that CM1 attenuated HMGB1-mediated endothelial activation by ameliorating inflammation and oxidant stress responses via RAGE/ERK1/2/NF-κB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Delivery Systems of Chinese Materia Medica, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210028, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
125
|
Selvaraj V, Yeager-Armstead M, Murray E. Protective and antioxidant role of selenium on arsenic trioxide-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in the fish hepatoma cell line PLHC-1. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2012; 31:2861-2869. [PMID: 23023949 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In vitro models are useful tools for rapid screening for toxicity, elucidation of mechanisms of toxicity, and understanding complex interactions among environmental toxicants. These evaluations may provide useful information for ecological evaluations if the relationship between in vitro and in vivo effects is established. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of selenium on arsenic trioxide (As(2) O(3) )-induced cytotoxicity, DNA damage, and apoptosis. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a free radical scavenger, was used to determine the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in As(2) O(3) -induced DNA damage and apoptosis. Poeciliopsis lucida hepatocellular carcinoma line 1 (PLHC-1) cells were pretreated with selenium (1, 5, and 10 µM) and NAC (50 and 100 µM) for 2 h. After pretreatment, cells were exposed to 100 µM of As(2) O(3) for 10-, 20-, and 40-h intervals. The As(2) O(3) exposure promoted extensive DNA damage and apoptosis compared to control, while selenium- and NAC-pretreated cells improved cell survival rate against As(2) O(3) -induced cell death. Improved survival likely resulted from increasing glutathione peroxidase activity and reduction of ROS formation, reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential damage, DNA damage, and caspase-3 activity. During As(2) O(3) exposure, selenium played the same role as NAC. The authors conclude that As(2) O(3) -induced DNA damage and apoptosis are mediated by oxidative stress and selenium and that, although toxic at higher concentrations, selenium provides significant protection against As(2) O(3) effects in PLHC-1 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vellaisamy Selvaraj
- Department of Integrated Science and Technology, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
126
|
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester ameliorates cadmium-induced kidney mitochondrial injury. Chem Biol Interact 2012; 200:21-7. [PMID: 22982771 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2012.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study examined whether caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) can protect kidney mitochondria against cadmium toxicity. Kidney mitochondria isolated from Wistar rat were exposed to cadmium and/or CAPE at various concentrations. Mitochondrial function, ultrastructure and oxidative stress status were determined. Cadmium exposure resulted in mitochondrial swelling, dissipation of membrane potential, overproduction of reactive oxygen species, and impaired ultrastructure. The injury was accompanied by an increase in mitochondrial nitric oxide and malondialdehyde levels as well as a decrease in superoxide dismutase activity and antioxidant thiols. Pretreatment with CAPE ameliorated all the changes caused by cadmium. The results suggest a promising role for CAPE as mitochondria-targeted antioxidant to combat the renal toxicity of cadmium.
Collapse
|
127
|
Calatayud M, Devesa V, Virseda JR, Barberá R, Montoro R, Vélez D. Mercury and selenium in fish and shellfish: Occurrence, bioaccessibility and uptake by Caco-2 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:2696-702. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
128
|
Zhang Y, Luo M, Zu Y, Fu Y, Gu C, Wang W, Yao L, Efferth T. Dryofragin, a phloroglucinol derivative, induces apoptosis in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2012; 199:129-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2012.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2012] [Revised: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
129
|
The protection of selenium on cadmium-induced inhibition of spermatogenesis via activating testosterone synthesis in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:3521-9. [PMID: 22828241 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trance element in testis. However, the potential protective effects of Se against cadmium (Cd)-induced reproductive toxicity remained to be elucidated. Male ICR mice were orally administered by gavage with Na2SeO3 (0.1, 0.2, 0.4 mg/kg BW) for 1h prior to CdCl2 (5 mg/kg BW) alone or in combination for 15, 25 or 35 days. Cd exposure caused a significant decrease in body weight, sperm concentration and motility as well as plasma testosterone level which was accompanied by decreased antioxidant enzymatic activity of SOD and GSH-Px and by increased lipid peroxidation (as malondialdehyde, MDA). Se pretreatment compensated deficits in the sperm parameters (concentration, motility and morphology) induced by Cd. Se (0.4 mg/kg BW) treatment significantly increased serum testosterone level that was reduced by Cd (on 15th, 25th and 35th day) (P<0.01). Se treatment ameliorated Cd-induced reduction in testicular steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) activities. The present study suggest that the protective potential of Se against Cd-induced reprotoxicity might be due to up-regulation StAR and testosterone synthetic enzyme activity, which could be useful for increasing testosterone synthesis for achieving optimum protection in sperm quality and spermatogenesis.
Collapse
|
130
|
Mehta SL, Kumari S, Mendelev N, Li PA. Selenium preserves mitochondrial function, stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis, and reduces infarct volume after focal cerebral ischemia. BMC Neurosci 2012; 13:79. [PMID: 22776356 PMCID: PMC3411431 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-13-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the major events responsible for activation of neuronal cell death pathways during cerebral ischemia. Trace element selenium has been shown to protect neurons in various diseases conditions. Present study is conducted to demonstrate that selenium preserves mitochondrial functional performance, activates mitochondrial biogenesis and prevents hypoxic/ischemic cell damage. Results The study conducted on HT22 cells exposed to glutamate or hypoxia and mice subjected to 60-min focal cerebral ischemia revealed that selenium (100 nM) pretreatment (24 h) significantly attenuated cell death induced by either glutamate toxicity or hypoxia. The protective effects were associated with reduction of glutamate and hypoxia-induced ROS production and alleviation of hypoxia-induced suppression of mitochondrial respiratory complex activities. The animal studies demonstrated that selenite pretreatment (0.2 mg/kg i.p. once a day for 7 days) ameliorated cerebral infarct volume and reduced DNA oxidation. Furthermore, selenite increased protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1alpha (PGC-1α) and nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1), two key nuclear factors that regulate mitochondrial biogenesis. Finally, selenite normalized the ischemia-induced activation of Beclin 1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II (LC3-II), markers for autophagy. Conclusions These results suggest that selenium protects neurons against hypoxic/ischemic damage by reducing oxidative stress, restoring mitochondrial functional activities and stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh L Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise (BRITE), North Carolina Central University, BRITE Building 2025, 302 East Lawson Street, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
131
|
Taskin E, Dursun N. The protection of selenium on adriamycin-induced mitochondrial damage in rat. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 147:165-71. [PMID: 22237420 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-011-9273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 11/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although adriamycin (ADR) exhibits high anti-tumor efficacy in vitro, its clinical use in cancer chemotherapy is limited due to its high renal toxicity. This study investigated the mechanism of ADR nephropathy and the protective effect of selenium on ADR-induced kidney damage by analyzing of the relationship between selenium and mitochondria. Rats were divided into four groups. The first group was injected with saline i.p. for 21 days, the second group received the 4 mg/kg i.p. ADR every alternate day for 8 days, the third group received the 50 μg/kg i.p. Se for 21 days, and the fourth group received the Se. ADR co-administration i.p. blood pressures were assessed, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was assessed, and the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were determined. The total antioxidant (TAS) and oxidant status (TOS) in cytosol, the mitochondria of kidney cells, and plasma were measured. Mitochondrial TAS decreased and TOS increased in the ADR group compared to the Se group. ADR-treated rats showed significantly lower MMP than did the control and Se groups. MMP was significantly restored in the Se + ADR group through selenium treatment compared to the ADR group (p < 0.01). In the ADR group, a reduction in ATP content was seen compared to the control and Se groups (p < 0.01). ATP level was significantly restored through treatment with selenium in the Se + ADR group compared to the ADR group (p < 0.01). We concluded that selenium is effective in vivo against ADR-induced kidney damage via the restoration of TAS and TOS, which prevented mitochondrial damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eylem Taskin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | |
Collapse
|
132
|
Ding F, Shao ZW, Yang SH, Wu Q, Gao F, Xiong LM. Role of mitochondrial pathway in compression-induced apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells. Apoptosis 2012; 17:579-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-012-0708-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
133
|
Selenium interactions and toxicity: a review. Cell Biol Toxicol 2011; 28:31-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s10565-011-9203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
134
|
Wang T, Zhang P, Zhao C, Zhang Y, Liu H, Hu L, Gao X, Zhang D. Prevention effect in selenite-induced cataract in vivo and antioxidative effects in vitro of Crataegus pinnatifida leaves. Biol Trace Elem Res 2011; 142:106-16. [PMID: 20596791 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-010-8752-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 06/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. It is a multifactorial disease primarily associated with oxidative stress produced by free radicals. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anticataract potential of Crataegus pinnatifida (hawthorn tree) leaves extract in selenite-induced cataract in vivo and antioxidant effects in vitro. In vitro antioxidant assay of C. pinnatifida leaves extract on NO production inhibition, aldose reductase inhibition, and O(2)(-) radical scavenging activities gave the IC(50) of 98.3, 89.7, and 5.98 μg/mL, respectively. To characterize some major compounds in C. pinnatifida leaves extract, nine flavonoids were identified via LC-MS/MS qualitative analysis. Based on in vitro screening results, C. pinnatifida leaves extract eye drops in 0.1% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose solution were prepared to evaluate the anticataract potential in vivo. Administration of C. pinnatifida leaves extract eye drops alternately three times a day in rat pups with selenite-induced oxidative stress significantly increased serum SOD and CAT activities, and tended to reduce MDA level compared with control group. The antioxidant enzyme SOD, CAT, and GSH activities in lens showed a significant increase. These results may be applied in the future for the prevention and treatment of cataracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nankai District, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
135
|
Li MM, Wu LY, Zhao T, Xiong L, Huang X, Liu ZH, Fan XL, Xiao CR, Gao Y, Ma YB, Chen JJ, Zhu LL, Fan M. The protective role of 5-HMF against hypoxic injury. Cell Stress Chaperones 2011; 16:267-73. [PMID: 21057989 PMCID: PMC3077221 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-010-0238-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2010] [Revised: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 10/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In an attempt to find new types of anti-hypoxic agents from herbs, we identified 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (5-HMF) as a natural agent that fulfills the criterion. 5-HMF, the final product of carbohydrate metabolism, has favorable biological effects such as anti-oxidant activity and inhibiting sickling of red blood cells. The role of 5-HMF in hypoxia, however, is not yet. Our pilot results showed that pretreatment with 5-HMF markedly increased both the survival time and the survival rate of mice under hypoxic stress. The present study was aimed to further investigate the protective role of 5-HMF and the underlying mechanisms in hypoxic injury using ECV304 cells as an in vitro model. ECV304 cells pretreated with or without 5-HMF for 1 h were exposed to hypoxic condition (0.3% O(2)) for 24 h and then cell apoptosis, necrosis, the changes of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the expressions of phosphorylation- extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK) were investigated. Pretreatment with 5-HMF markedly attenuated hypoxia-induced cell necrosis and apoptosis at late stage (p < 0.01). Furthermore, pretreatment with 5-HMF rescued both the decline of the MMP and the increase of p-ERK protein under hypoxia. In a word, these results indicated that 5-HMF had protective effects against hypoxic injury in ECV304 cells, and its effects on MMP and p-ERK may be involved in the mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Li
- Beijing Institute for Neuro-Science, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijng, 100069 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Brain protection and Plasticity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, No.27 Taiping Rd, Beijing, 100850 People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Ying Wu
- Department of Brain protection and Plasticity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, No.27 Taiping Rd, Beijing, 100850 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Department of Brain protection and Plasticity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, No.27 Taiping Rd, Beijing, 100850 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Xiong
- Department of Brain protection and Plasticity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, No.27 Taiping Rd, Beijing, 100850 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Brain protection and Plasticity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, No.27 Taiping Rd, Beijing, 100850 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Hui Liu
- Department of Brain protection and Plasticity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, No.27 Taiping Rd, Beijing, 100850 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Lai Fan
- Department of Brain protection and Plasticity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, No.27 Taiping Rd, Beijing, 100850 People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Rong Xiao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Gao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun-Bao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in Western China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in Western China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling-Ling Zhu
- Department of Brain protection and Plasticity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, No.27 Taiping Rd, Beijing, 100850 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Fan
- Beijing Institute for Neuro-Science, Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijng, 100069 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Brain protection and Plasticity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, No.27 Taiping Rd, Beijing, 100850 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Zhang Y, Guo J, Zeng L, Zhang J, Hui Y, Liu J, Qing X, Sun X, Guo G. Tert-butyl-2(4,5-dihydrogen-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-3-O-1H-imidazole-3-cationic-1-oxyl-2-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic ester displays novel cytotoxicity through reactive oxygen species-mediated oxidative damage in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Chem Biol Interact 2011; 192:287-97. [PMID: 21536016 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2011.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2010] [Revised: 04/15/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The cytotoxicity of a new nitroxyl nitroxide radical, tert-butyl-2 (4,5-dihydrogen-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-3-O-1H-imidazole-3-cationic-1-oxyl-2-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic ester (L-NNP) was examined in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. L-NNP treatment resulted in a significant growth inhibition in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Compared with control, 10, 30, and 50μg/ml L-NNP treatments for 48h induced significant cell and nuclei swelling, and organelle distension. The marked cell death was seen in a concentration- and time-dependant manner in L-NNP treated groups. The L-NNP treated group displayed a concentration-dependant increase in DNA double strand damage compared to the control and the 1Gy γ-rays exposure groups. These results suggest that L-NNP could result in more lethal genotoxicity than 1Gy γ-radiation. Based on mitochondrial alteration (membrane potential loss and SDH activity descend), DNA damage, an increase in MDA production, and GSH-PX inactivation, we predicate that L-NNP induces lipid oxidation and oxidative damage in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Since L-NNP initiated a significant increase in reactive oxygen species, which could largely be inhibited by NAC pretreatment, the overall data strongly suggest that the mechanism of cytotoxicity of L-NNP was its ability to act as a strong free radical, and significantly increase intracellular reactive oxygen species production. This led to intracellular oxidative damage, and antioxidant enzyme inactivation, resulting in cell death. We hypothesize that the greater cytotoxicity of L-NNP in MDA-MB-231 cells than in MCF-7 cells might be due to more ROS production in MDA-MB-231 cells, leading to more oxidative damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Zhang
- Department of Radiological Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 17 Changle West Road Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
137
|
Bae SJ, Lee JS, Lee EK, Kim JM, Choi J, Heo HS, Yu BP, Chung HY. The anti-apoptotic action of 5-hydroxyindole: protection of mitochondrial integrity. Biol Pharm Bull 2010; 33:550-5. [PMID: 20410584 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.33.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
5-Hydroxyindole (5HI), a metabolite of tryptophan, is involved in learning and memory, central neuron system regulation, and anti-oxidant activity. However, its protective action in mitochondrial function is not clear. Here, we tested whether 5HI protects against tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in human fibroblast cells. 5HI significantly suppressed t-BHP-induced cytotoxicity as determined by intracellular reactive species generation, lipid peroxidation, glutathione depletion, and peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) generation. In addition, 5HI reduced t-BHP-induced DNA condensation. Pretreatment with 5HI significantly restored mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsim), suggesting that it protected cells against t-BHP-induced apoptosis. Western blot analysis also revealed that 5HI markedly inhibited cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation, but not caspase-9 activation. Our data suggest that 5HI protects cells by attenuating oxidative stress and consequently protects against mitochondrial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jin Bae
- Department of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
138
|
Mao WP, Zhang NN, Zhou FY, Li WX, Liu HY, Feng J, Zhou L, Wei CJ, Pan YB, He ZJ. Cadmium directly induced mitochondrial dysfunction of human embryonic kidney cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2010; 30:920-9. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327110384286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is the major component of polluted environment, which has numerous undesirable effects on health. Cd could induce apoptosis of HEK293 cells, and the mitochondria may play a key role. However, the mode of action is unclear. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the ability of the Cd to induce dysfunction of mitochondria. We examined the effect of cadmium chloride (1, 5 and 10 μM) on mitochondrial membrane permeability and potential as well as oxidative stress markers in mitochondria isolated from HEK293 cells. We found that Cd could directly increase in permeability and decrease in membrane potential of mitochondria, even resulted in mitochondrial swelling, and that Cd could inhibit the activities of ATPase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), enhanced the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation (LPO). On the whole, the results show that Cd can directly lead to mitochondrial dysfunction of HEK293 cells, including increased permeability, inhibiting respiration and evoking oxidative stress. Thus, for the first time, this paper makes an overall analysis of Cd-induced changes of structure and function of isolated mitochondria. Our findings may also have general implications in Cd-induced apoptosis by mitochondria pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- WP Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China,
| | - NN Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - FY Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - WX Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - HY Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - J. Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - L. Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - CJ Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - YB Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - ZJ He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Xu JJ, Dai XM, Liu HL, Guo WJ, Gao J, Wang CH, Li WB, Yao QZ. A novel 7-azaisoindigo derivative-induced cancer cell apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by oxidative stress. J Appl Toxicol 2010; 31:164-72. [PMID: 20865757 DOI: 10.1002/jat.1577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2010] [Revised: 06/25/2010] [Accepted: 06/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This research focused on a novel 7-azaisoindigo derivative [namely N(1)-(n-butyl)-7-azaisoindigo, 7-AI-b], and investigated its molecular antitumor mechanism by exploring the means of cell death and the effects on mitochondrial function. 7-AI-b inhibited cancer cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent way. The morphological and nuclei changes in H(2) B-GFP-labeled HeLa cells were observed using a live cell system. The results suggested that cell death induced by 7-AI-b is closely related to apoptosis. 7-AI-b induced release of cytochrome C from mitochondria to cytosol and activation of caspase-3, showing that the apoptosis is mediated by the mitochondrial pathway. Furthermore, our data indicated that 7-AI-b triggers apoptosis through reactive oxygen species (ROS): cellular ROS levels were increased after 3 h exposure of 7-AI-b, which was reversed by the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine. As a consequence, 7-AI-b-mediated cell death, mitochondrial transmembrane potential collapse and ATP level were partly blocked by N-acetyl-L-cysteine. Further study showed that 7-AI-b could induce mitochondrial dysfunction: collapse of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and reduction of intracellular ATP level. In summary, the novel synthesized 7-AI-b was demonstrated to be effective in killing cancer cells via an ROS-promoted and mitochondria- and caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-jing Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
140
|
Manikandan R, Thiagarajan R, Beulaja S, Sudhandiran G, Arumugam M. Curcumin protects against hepatic and renal injuries mediated by inducible nitric oxide synthase during selenium-induced toxicity in Wistar rats. Microsc Res Tech 2010; 73:631-7. [PMID: 20025056 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.20802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of curcumin in protecting against selenium-induced toxicity in liver and kidney of Wistar rats. Light microscopy evaluation of selenium alone administered rats showed liver to be infiltrated with mononuclear cells, vacuolation, necrosis, and pronounced degeneration. Control liver sections showed a regular morphology of parenchymal cells with intact hepatocytes and sinusoids. Kidney from selenium alone administered rats showed vacuolar degeneration changes in the epithelial cells, cellular proliferation with fibrosis, thickening of capillary walls, and glomerular tuft atrophy. Such changes were also observed in rats administered with selenium and curcumin simultaneously and rats administered first with selenium and then curcumin 24 h later. Interestingly, such degenerative changes observed in liver and kidney induced by selenium were not seen in rats that were administered with curcumin first and selenium 24 h later. This clearly suggests the protective nature of curcumin against selenium toxicity. To understand the probable mechanism of action of curcumin, we analyzed inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression by immunohistochemistry, and the results showed an increased iNOS expression in selenium-alone induced liver and kidney. Such high iNOS levels were inhibited in liver and kidney of rats pretreated with curcumin and then with selenium 24 h later. Based on the histological results, it can be concluded that curcumin functions as a protective agent against selenium-induced toxicity in liver as well as kidney, and this action is probably by the regulatory role of curcumin on iNOS expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramar Manikandan
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
141
|
Wang MY, Zhao FM, Peng HY, Lou CH, Li Y, Ding X, Yu XY, Yang GM, Xu DQ, Jiang LH, Zhang X, Ye LH, Cai BC. Investigation on the morphological protective effect of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural extracted from wine-processed Fructus corni on human L02 hepatocytes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2010; 130:424-428. [PMID: 20576490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2009] [Revised: 03/20/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine the mode of action of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) extracted from wine-processed Fructus corni on hepatoprotective activities, the effects of 5-HMF on H(2)O(2)-induced human L02 hepatocytes injury was examined. MTHODS: Hepatocytes L02 injured by H(2)O(2) was treated by 5-HMF. The morphological changes of the cells were observed under inverted phase-contrast, fluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy and the activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3 were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent detector. RESULTS It revealed that 5-HMF improved the morphology of H(2)O(2)-treated human L02 hepatocytes, and also inhibited the level of caspase-9 and caspase-3 of them. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested a morphological hepatocyte protective effect and the anti-apoptosis mechanism by 5-HMF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Yan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
142
|
Testicular toxicity induced by dietary cadmium in cocks and ameliorative effect by selenium. Biometals 2010; 23:695-705. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-010-9334-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2009] [Accepted: 03/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
143
|
Abstract
At the cellular level, cadmium (Cd) induces both damaging and repair processes in which the cellular redox status plays a crucial role. Being not redox-active, Cd is unable to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) directly, but Cd-induced oxidative stress is a common phenomenon observed in multiple studies. The current review gives an overview on Cd-induced ROS production and anti-oxidative defense in organisms under different Cd regimes. Moreover, the Cd-induced oxidative challenge is discussed with a focus on damage and signaling as downstream responses. Gathering these data, it was clear that oxidative stress related responses are affected during Cd stress, but the apparent discrepancies observed in between the different studies points towards the necessity to increase our knowledge on the spatial and temporal ROS signature under Cd stress. This information is essential in order to reveal the exact role of Cd-induced oxidative stress in the modulation of downstream responses under a diverse array of conditions.
Collapse
|
144
|
Different experimental approaches in modelling cataractogenesis: An overview of selenite-induced nuclear cataract in rats. Interdiscip Toxicol 2010; 3:3-14. [PMID: 21217865 PMCID: PMC2984119 DOI: 10.2478/v10102-010-0005-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Revised: 02/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cataract, the opacification of eye lens, is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. At present, the only remedy is surgical removal of the cataractous lens and substitution with a lens made of synthetic polymers. However, besides significant costs of operation and possible complications, an artificial lens just does not have the overall optical qualities of a normal one. Hence it remains a significant public health problem, and biochemical solutions or pharmacological interventions that will maintain the transparency of the lens are highly required. Naturally, there is a persistent demand for suitable biological models. The ocular lens would appear to be an ideal organ for maintaining culture conditions because of lacking blood vessels and nerves. The lens in vivo obtains its nutrients and eliminates waste products via diffusion with the surrounding fluids. Lens opacification observed in vivo can be mimicked in vitro by addition of the cataractogenic agent sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) to the culture medium. Moreover, since an overdose of sodium selenite induces also cataract in young rats, it became an extremely rapid and convenient model of nuclear cataract in vivo. The main focus of this review will be on selenium (Se) and its salt sodium selenite, their toxicological characteristics and safety data in relevance of modelling cataractogenesis, either under in vivo or in vitro conditions. The studies revealing the mechanisms of lens opacification induced by selenite are highlighted, the representatives from screening for potential anti-cataract agents are listed.
Collapse
|
145
|
Manikandan R, Thiagarajan R, Beulaja S, Chindhu S, Mariammal K, Sudhandiran G, Arumugam M. Anti-cataractogenic effect of curcumin and aminoguanidine against selenium-induced oxidative stress in the eye lens of Wistar rat pups: An in vitro study using isolated lens. Chem Biol Interact 2009; 181:202-9. [PMID: 19481068 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2009.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2009] [Revised: 05/03/2009] [Accepted: 05/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether curcumin and aminoguanidine (AG) prevent selenium-induced cataractogenesis in vitro. On postpartum day 8, transparent isolated lens were incubated in 24 well plates containing Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM). Isolated lens of group I were incubated with DMEM medium alone. Group II: lenses incubated in DMEM containing 100microM sodium selenite; group III: lenses incubated in DMEM containing 100microM sodium selenite and 100microM curcumin; group IV: lenses incubated in DMEM containing 100microM sodium selenite and 200microM curcumin; group V: lenses incubated in DMEM containing 100microM sodium selenite and 100microM AG; group V: lenses incubated in DMEM containing 100microM sodium selenite and 200microM AG. On day 12, cataract development was graded using an inverted microscope and the lenses were analyzed for enzymic as well as non-enzymic antioxidants, lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) and hydroxyl radical generation (OH) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity by Western blotting and RT-PCR. All control lenses in group I were clear (0). In groups II and III, all isolated lenses developed cataract with variation in levels (+++ or ++), whereas isolated lenses from groups IV, V and VI were clear (0). In agreement to this, a decrease in antioxidants and increased free radical generation and also iNOS expression were observed in selenium exposed lenses when compared to other groups. AG (100microM) was found to be more effective in anti-cataractogenic effect than curcumin (200microM). Curcumin and AG suppressed selenium-induced oxidative stress and cataract formation in isolated lens from Wistar rat pups, possibly by inhibiting depletion of enzymic as well as non-enzymic antioxidants, and preventing uncontrolled generation of free radicals and also by inhibiting iNOS expression. Our results implicate a major role for curcumin and AG in preventing cataractogenesis in selenite-exposed lenses, wherein AG was found to be more potent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Manikandan
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Chennai, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
146
|
Li W, Nie S, Yu Q, Xie M. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate induces apoptosis of human hepatoma cells by mitochondrial pathways related to reactive oxygen species. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:6685-6691. [PMID: 19601628 DOI: 10.1021/jf901396f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the induction of apoptosis in hepatocarcinoma cell lines in vitro and further examine the molecular mechanisms of EGCG-induced apoptosis. In the present study, it was observed that EGCG rapidly induced apoptosis in hepatocarcinoma SMMC7721 cells. EGCG-induced apoptosis was in association with the attenuation of mitochondrial transmembrane potentials (Deltapsi(m)), the alteration of Bcl-2 family proteins, the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol, and the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-9. Elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was also shown during EGCG-induced apoptosis of hepatocarcinoma SMMC7721 cells. The antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) significantly reduced ROS production and EGCG-induced apoptosis, suggesting that ROS plays a key role in EGCG-induced apoptosis in hepatocarcinoma SMMC7721 cells. In summary, EGCG-induced apoptosis through mitochondrial pathways, and ROS affected EGCG-induced apoptosis in hepatocarcinoma SMMC7721 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- WenJuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
147
|
Role of oxidative stress in cadmium toxicity and carcinogenesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2009; 238:209-14. [PMID: 19236887 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 543] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Revised: 01/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/31/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic metal, targeting the lung, liver, kidney, and testes following acute intoxication, and causing nephrotoxicity, immunotoxicity, osteotoxicity and tumors after prolonged exposures. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are often implicated in Cd toxicology. This minireview focused on direct evidence for the generation of free radicals in intact animals following acute Cd overload and discussed the association of ROS in chronic Cd toxicity and carcinogenesis. Cd-generated superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals in vivo have been detected by the electron spin resonance spectra, which are often accompanied by activation of redox sensitive transcription factors (e.g., NF-kappaB, AP-1 and Nrf2) and alteration of ROS-related gene expression. It is generally agreed upon that oxidative stress plays important roles in acute Cd poisoning. However, following long-term Cd exposure at environmentally-relevant low levels, direct evidence for oxidative stress is often obscure. Alterations in ROS-related gene expression during chronic exposures are also less significant compared to acute Cd poisoning. This is probably due to induced adaptation mechanisms (e.g., metallothionein and glutathione) following chronic Cd exposures, which in turn diminish Cd-induced oxidative stress. In chronic Cd-transformed cells, less ROS signals are detected with fluorescence probes. Acquired apoptotic tolerance renders damaged cells to proliferate with inherent oxidative DNA lesions, potentially leading to tumorigenesis. Thus, ROS are generated following acute Cd overload and play important roles in tissue damage. Adaptation to chronic Cd exposure reduces ROS production, but acquired Cd tolerance with aberrant gene expression plays important roles in chronic Cd toxicity and carcinogenesis.
Collapse
|