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Liu J, Boonkaew B, Arora J, Mandava SH, Maddox MM, Chava S, Callaghan C, He J, Dash S, John VT, Lee BR. Comparison of sorafenib-loaded poly (lactic/glycolic) acid and DPPC liposome nanoparticles in the in vitro treatment of renal cell carcinoma. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:1187-96. [PMID: 25573425 DOI: 10.1002/jps.24318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to develop and compare several Sorafenib-loaded biocompatible nanoparticle models in order to optimize drug delivery and tumor cellular kill thereby improving the quality of Sorafenib-regimented chemotherapy. Sorafenib-loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA), 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) liposomes, and hydrophobically modified chitosan (HMC)-coated DPPC liposomes were evaluated for several characteristics including zeta potential, drug loading, and release profile. Cytotoxicity and uptake trials were also studied using cell line RCC 786-0, a human metastatic clear cell histology renal cell carcinoma cell line. Sorafenib-loaded PLGA particles and HMC-coated DPPC liposomes exhibited significantly improved cell kill compared to Sorafenib alone at lower concentrations, namely 10-15 and 5-15 μM from 24 to 96 h, respectively. At maximum dosage and time (15 μM and 96 h), Sorafenib-loaded PLGA and HMC-coated liposomes killed 88.3 ± 1.8% and 98 ± 1.1% of all tumor cells, significant values compared with Sorafenib 81.8 ± 1.7% (p < 0.01). Likewise, HMC coating substantially improved cell kill for liposome model for all concentrations (5-15 μM) and at time points (24-96 h) (p < 0.01). PLGA and HMC-coated liposomes are promising platforms for drug delivery of Sorafenib. Because of different particle characteristics of PLGA and liposomes, each model can be further developed for unique clinical modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Liu
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
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102
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Akhter S, Amin S, Ahmad J, Khan S, Anwar M, Ahmad MZ, Rahman Z, Ahmad FJ. Nanotechnology to Combat Multidrug Resistance in Cancer. RESISTANCE TO TARGETED ANTI-CANCER THERAPEUTICS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-09801-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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103
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Kanapathipillai M, Brock A, Ingber DE. Nanoparticle targeting of anti-cancer drugs that alter intracellular signaling or influence the tumor microenvironment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 79-80:107-18. [PMID: 24819216 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based therapeutics are poised to become a leading delivery strategy for cancer treatment because they potentially offer higher selectivity, reduced toxicity, longer clearance times, and increased efficacy compared to conventional systemic therapeutic approaches. This article reviews existing nanoparticle technologies and methods that are used to target drugs to treat cancer by altering signal transduction or modulating the tumor microenvironment. We also consider the implications of recent advances in the nanotherapeutics field for the future of cancer therapy.
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104
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Active radar guides missile to its target: receptor-based targeted treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by nanoparticulate systems. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:55-67. [PMID: 25424700 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2855-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually present at advanced stages and do not benefit from surgical resection, so drug therapy should deserve a prominent place in unresectable HCC treatment. But chemotherapy agents, such as doxorubicin, cisplatin, and paclitaxel, frequently encounter important problems such as low specificity and non-selective biodistribution. Recently, the development of nanotechnology led to significant breakthroughs to overcome these problems. Decorating the surfaces of nanoparticulate-based drug carriers with homing devices has demonstrated its potential in concentrating chemotherapy agents specifically to HCC cells. In this paper, we reviewed the current status of active targeting strategies for nanoparticulate systems based on various receptors such as asialoglycoprotein receptor, transferrin receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor, folate receptor, integrin, and CD44, which are abundantly expressed on the surfaces of hepatocytes or liver cancer cells. Furthermore, we pointed out their merits and defects and provided theoretical references for further research.
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105
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Rhoda K, Choonara YE, Kumar P, Bijukumar D, du Toit LC, Pillay V. Potential nanotechnologies and molecular targets in the quest for efficient chemotherapy in ovarian cancer. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 12:613-34. [PMID: 25300775 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.970162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ovarian cancer, considered one of the most fatal gynecological cancers, goes largely undiagnosed until metastasis presents itself, usually once the patient is in the final stages and thus, too late for worthwhile therapy. Targeting this elusive disease in its early stages would improve the outcome for most patients, while the information generated thereof would increase the possibility of preventative mechanisms of therapy. AREAS COVERED This review discusses various molecular targets as possible moieties to be incorporated in a holistic drug delivery system or the more aptly termed 'theranostic' system. These molecular targets can be used for targeting, visualizing, diagnosing, and ultimately, treating ovarian cancer in its entirety. Currently implemented nanoframeworks, such as nanomicelles and nanoliposomes, are described and the effectiveness of nanostructures in tumor targeting, treatment functions, and overcoming the drug resistance challenge is discussed. EXPERT OPINION Novel nanotechnology strategies such as the development of nanoframeworks decorated with targeted ligands of a molecular nature may provide an efficient chemotherapy, especially when instituted in combination with imaging, diagnostic, and ultimately, therapeutic moieties. An imperative aspect of utilizing nanotechnology in the treatment of ovarian cancer is the flexibility of the drug delivery system and its ability to overcome standard obstacles such as: i) successfully treating the desired cells through direct targeting; ii) reducing toxicity levels of treatment by achieving direct targeting; and iii) delivery of targeted therapy using an efficient vehicle that is exceptionally degradable in response to a particular stimulus. The targeting of ovarian cancer in its early stages using imaging and diagnostic nanotechnology is an area that can be improved upon by combining therapeutic moieties with molecular biomarkers. The nanotechnology and molecular markers mentioned in this review have generally been used for either imaging or diagnostics, and have not yet been successfully implemented into bi-functional tools, which it is hoped, should eventually include a therapeutic aspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Rhoda
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193 , South Africa
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106
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Maddox M, Liu J, Mandava SH, Callaghan C, John V, Lee BR. Nanotechnology applications in urology: a review. BJU Int 2014; 114:653-60. [DOI: 10.1111/bju.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Maddox
- Department of Urology; Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans LA USA
| | - James Liu
- Department of Urology; Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans LA USA
| | - Sree Harsha Mandava
- Department of Urology; Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans LA USA
| | - Cameron Callaghan
- Department of Urology; Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans LA USA
| | - Vijay John
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering; Tulane University; New Orleans LA USA
| | - Benjamin R. Lee
- Department of Urology; Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans LA USA
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107
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Lin J, Shigdar S, Fang DZ, Xiang D, Wei MQ, Danks A, Kong L, Li L, Qiao L, Duan W. Improved efficacy and reduced toxicity of doxorubicin encapsulated in sulfatide-containing nanoliposome in a glioma model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103736. [PMID: 25072631 PMCID: PMC4114873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As a glycosphingolipid that can bind to several extracellular matrix proteins, sulfatide has the potential to become an effective targeting agent for tumors overexpressing tenasin-C in their microenvironment. To overcome the dose-limiting toxicity of doxorubicin (DOX), a sulfatide-containing nanoliposome (SCN) encapsulation approach was employed to improve treatment efficacy and reduce side effects of free DOX. This study analysed in vitro characteristics of sulfatide-containing nanoliposomal DOX (SCN-DOX) and assessed its cytotoxicity in vitro, as well as biodistribution, therapeutic efficacy, and systemic toxicity in a human glioblastoma U-118MG xenograft model. SCN-DOX was shown to achieve highest drug to lipid ratio (0.5∶1) and a remarkable in vitro stability. Moreover, DOX encapsulated in SCN was shown to be delivered into the nuclei and displayed prolonged retention over free DOX in U-118MG cells. This simple two-lipid SCN-DOX nanodrug has favourable pharmacokinetic attributes in terms of prolonged circulation time, reduced volume of distribution and enhanced bioavailability in healthy rats. As a result of the improved biodistribution, an enhanced treatment efficacy of SCN-DOX was found in glioma-bearing mice compared to the free drug. Finally, a reduction in the accumulation of DOX in the drug's principal toxicity organs achieved by SCN-DOX led to the diminished systemic toxicity as evident from the plasma biochemical analyses. Thus, SCN has the potential to be an effective and safer nano-carrier for targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to tumors with elevated expression of tenascin-C in their microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lin
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Sarah Shigdar
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ding Zhi Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Dognxi Xiang
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ming Q. Wei
- School of Medical Science and Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Australia
| | - Andrew Danks
- Department of Surgery, Southern Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lingxue Kong
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lianghong Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Cancer Stem Cell Research, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Storr Liver Unit, Westmead Millennium Institute, the University of Sydney at the Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Wei Duan
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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108
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Bedi D, Gillespie JW, Petrenko VA. Selection of pancreatic cancer cell-binding landscape phages and their use in development of anticancer nanomedicines. Protein Eng Des Sel 2014; 27:235-43. [PMID: 24899628 PMCID: PMC4064708 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzu020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is hypothesized that the use of targeted drug delivery systems can significantly improve the therapeutic index of small molecule chemotherapies by enhancing accumulation of the drugs at the site of disease. Phage display offers a high-throughput approach for selection of the targeting ligands. We have successfully isolated phage fusion proteins selective and specific for PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells. Doxorubicin liposomes (Lipodox) modified with tumor-specific phage fusion proteins enhanced doxorubicin uptake specifically in PANC-1 cells as compared with unmodified Lipodox and also compared with normal breast epithelial cells. Phage protein-targeted Lipodox substantially increased the concentration of doxorubicin in the nuclei of PANC-1 cells in spite of P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux. The in vitro cytotoxic activity obtained with pancreatic cell-targeted Lipodox was greater than that of unmodified Lipodox. We present a novel and straightforward method for preparing pancreatic tumor-targeted nanomedicines by anchoring pancreatic cancer-specific phage proteins within the liposome bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Bedi
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA Current address: College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | - James W Gillespie
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Valery A Petrenko
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
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109
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Alexis F. Nano-polypharmacy to treat tumors: coencapsulation of drug combinations using nanoparticle technology. Mol Ther 2014; 22:1239-1240. [PMID: 24981439 PMCID: PMC4088995 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2014.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Alexis
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.
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110
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Jaiswal P, Gidwani B, Vyas A. Nanostructured lipid carriers and their current application in targeted drug delivery. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 44:27-40. [DOI: 10.3109/21691401.2014.909822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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111
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Abstract
More than two decades ago, microfluidics began to show its impact in biological research. Since then, the field of microfluidics has evolving rapidly. Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Microfluidics holds great promise in cancer diagnosis and also serves as an emerging tool for understanding cancer biology. Microfluidics can be valuable for cancer investigation due to its high sensitivity, high throughput, less material-consumption, low cost, and enhanced spatio-temporal control. The physical laws on microscale offer an advantage enabling the control of physics, biology, chemistry and physiology at cellular level. Furthermore, microfluidic based platforms are portable and can be easily designed for point-of-care diagnostics. Developing and applying the state of the art microfluidic technologies to address the unmet challenges in cancer can expand the horizons of not only fundamental biology but also the management of disease and patient care. Despite the various microfluidic technologies available in the field, few have been tested clinically, which can be attributed to the various challenges existing in bridging the gap between the emerging technology and real world applications. We present a review of role of microfluidics in cancer research, including the history, recent advances and future directions to explore where the field stand currently in addressing complex clinical challenges and future of it. This review identifies four critical areas in cancer research, in which microfluidics can change the current paradigm. These include cancer cell isolation, molecular diagnostics, tumor biology and high-throughput screening for therapeutics. In addition, some of our lab's current research is presented in the corresponding sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Sunitha Nagrath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, 2300 Hayward Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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112
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Naguib YW, Rodriguez BL, Li X, Hursting SD, Williams RO, Cui Z. Solid lipid nanoparticle formulations of docetaxel prepared with high melting point triglycerides: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:1239-49. [PMID: 24621456 PMCID: PMC3993949 DOI: 10.1021/mp4006968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Docetaxel
(DCX) is a second generation taxane. It is approved by
the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of various
types of cancer, including breast, non-small cell lung, and head and
neck cancers. However, side effects, including those related to Tween
80, an excipient in current DCX formulations, can be severe. In the
present study, we developed a novel solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN)
composition of DCX. Trimyristin was selected from a list of high melting
point triglycerides as the core lipid component of the SLNs, based
on the rate at which the DCX was released from the SLNs and the stability
of the SLNs. The trimyristin-based, PEGylated DCX-incorporated SLNs
(DCX-SLNs) showed significantly higher cytotoxicity against various
human and murine cancer cells in culture, as compared to DCX solubilized
in a Tween 80/ethanol solution. Moreover, in a mouse model with pre-established
tumors, the new DCX-SLNs were significantly more effective than DCX
solubilized in a Tween 80/ethanol solution in inhibiting tumor growth
without toxicity, likely because the DCX-SLNs increased the concentration
of DCX in tumor tissues, but decreased the levels of DCX in major
organs such as liver, spleen, heart, lung, and kidney. DCX-incorporated
SLNs prepared with one or more high-melting point triglycerides may
represent an improved DCX formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Wahib Naguib
- Pharmaceutics Division, College of Pharmacy, and ‡Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, Texas 78712 United States
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113
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Thangavel H. Nanobiology in Medicine. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-2140-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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114
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Nanomedicine: The Promise and Challenges in Cancer Chemotherapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 811:207-33. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-8739-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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115
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116
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Yang C, Cheng W, Teo PY, Engler AC, Coady DJ, Hedrick JL, Yang YY. Mitigated cytotoxicity and tremendously enhanced gene transfection efficiency of PEI through facile one-step carbamate modification. Adv Healthc Mater 2013; 2:1304-8. [PMID: 23505024 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201300046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Extremely efficacious gene transfection vector: The rapid and facile modification of PEI with commercially available TMC produces an extremely efficacious gene delivery vector with minimal cytotoxicity. Functionalization of PEI is easily controlled by PEI:cyclic carbonate feed ratios and allows for the addition of functionality. Modified PEIs hold great potential as gene delivery systems due to easy synthesis, scalability, low cost, low toxicity, and outstanding transfection capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669, Singapore
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117
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Torres-Lugo M, Rinaldi C. Thermal potentiation of chemotherapy by magnetic nanoparticles. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013; 8:1689-707. [PMID: 24074390 PMCID: PMC4001113 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of hyperthermia as an adjuvant for chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, significant clinical challenges have been encountered, such as a broader spectrum of toxicity, lack of patient tolerance, temperature control and significant invasiveness. Hyperthermia induced by magnetic nanoparticles in high-frequency oscillating magnetic fields, commonly termed magnetic fluid hyperthermia, is a promising form of heat delivery in which thermal energy is supplied at the nanoscale to the tumor. This review discusses the mechanisms of heat dissipation of iron oxide-based magnetic nanoparticles, current methods and challenges to deliver heat in the clinic, and the current work related to the use of magnetic nanoparticles for the thermal-chemopotentiation of therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Torres-Lugo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez Campus, PO BOX 9000, Mayaguez, PR 00681, Puerto Rico.
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118
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Zheng Q, Yang H, Wei J, Tong JL, Shu YQ. The role and mechanisms of nanoparticles to enhance radiosensitivity in hepatocellular cell. Biomed Pharmacother 2013; 67:569-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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119
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Dey S, Sreenivasan K. Conjugation of curcumin onto alginate enhances aqueous solubility and stability of curcumin. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 99:499-507. [PMID: 24274536 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.08.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a potential drug for various diseases including cancer. Prime limitations associated with curcumin are low water solubility, rapid hydrolytic degradation and poor bioavailability. In order to redress these issues we developed Alginate-Curcumin (Alg-Ccm) conjugate which was characterized by FTIR and (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The conjugate self-assembled in aqueous solution forming micelles with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 459 ± 0.32 nm and negative zeta potential. The spherical micelles were visualized by TEM. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of Alg-Ccm conjugate was determined. A significant enhancement in the aqueous solubility of curcumin was observed upon conjugation with alginate. Formation of micelles improved the stability of curcumin in water at physiological pH. The cytotoxic activity of Alg-Ccm was quantified by MTT assay using L-929 fibroblast cells and it was found to be potentially cytotoxic. Hence, Alg-Ccm could be a promising drug conjugate as well as a nanosized delivery vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Dey
- Laboratory for Polymer Analysis, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Poojapura, Trivandrum 695012, India
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Jeyamohan P, Hasumura T, Nagaoka Y, Yoshida Y, Maekawa T, Kumar DS. Accelerated killing of cancer cells using a multifunctional single-walled carbon nanotube-based system for targeted drug delivery in combination with photothermal therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:2653-67. [PMID: 23926428 PMCID: PMC3728273 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s46054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The photothermal effect of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in combination with the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) for targeting and accelerated destruction of breast cancer cells is demonstrated in this paper. A targeted drug-delivery system was developed for selective killing of breast cancer cells with polyethylene glycol biofunctionalized and DOX-loaded SWCNTs conjugated with folic acid. In our work, in vitro drug-release studies showed that the drug (DOX) binds at physiological pH (pH 7.4) and is released only at a lower pH, ie, lysosomal pH (pH 4.0), which is the characteristic pH of the tumor environment. A sustained release of DOX from the SWCNTs was observed for a period of 3 days. SWCNTs have strong optical absorbance in the near-infrared (NIR) region. In this special spectral window, biological systems are highly transparent. Our study reports that under laser irradiation at 800 nm, SWCNTs exhibited strong light-heat transfer characteristics. These optical properties of SWCNTs open the way for selective photothermal ablation in cancer therapy. It was also observed that internalization and uptake of folate-conjugated NTs into cancer cells was achieved by a receptor-mediated endocytosis mechanism. Results of the in vitro experiments show that laser was effective in destroying the cancer cells, while sparing the normal cells. When the above laser effect was combined with DOX-conjugated SWCNTs, we found enhanced and accelerated killing of breast cancer cells. Thus, this nanodrug-delivery system, consisting of laser, drug, and SWCNTs, looks to be a promising selective modality with high treatment efficacy and low side effects for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanti Jeyamohan
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Takashi Hasumura
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nagaoka
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Yoshida
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Toru Maekawa
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - D Sakthi Kumar
- Bio-Nano Electronics Research Centre, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary New Science, Toyo University, Kawagoe, Japan
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121
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Goel A, Baboota S, Sahni JK, Ali J. Exploring targeted pulmonary delivery for treatment of lung cancer. Int J Pharm Investig 2013; 3:8-14. [PMID: 23799201 PMCID: PMC3687239 DOI: 10.4103/2230-973x.108959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most malignant cancer today. The treatment of lung cancer continues to be a challenge for oncologists. The direct delivery of chemotherapeutic agents to the lungs could represent a novel therapeutic approach for patients with pulmonary metastases. The large alveolar surface area, the low thickness of the epithelial barrier, and an extensive vascularization make the pulmonary route an ideal route for administration of oncolytics. This paper reviews the research performed over the last and current decades on the delivery of various oncolytics for pulmonary delivery for the treatment of lung cancer. Inhaled drug delivery devices in cancer therapy are also discussed in the present manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Goel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
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122
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The shape/morphology balance: a study of stealth liposomes via fractal analysis and drug encapsulation. Pharm Res 2013; 30:2385-95. [PMID: 23743657 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-013-1082-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fractal analysis was used as a tool in order to study the morphological characteristics of PEGylated liposomes. We report on the morphological characteristics of stealth liposomes composed of DPPC and DPPE-PEG 3000 in two dispersion media using fractal analysis. METHODS Light scattering techniques were used in order to elucidate the size, the morphology and the surface charge of PEGylated liposomes as a function of PEGylated lipid concentration and temperature. Fluorescence spectroscopy studies revealed a microenvironment of low polarity inside the liposomal membranes. RESULTS All formulations were found to retain their physicochemical characteristics for at least 3 weeks. The hydrodynamic radii (Rh) of stealth liposomes were stable in the process of heating up to 50°C; while the fractal dimension values (df) which correspond to their morphology, have been changed during heating. Hence, these results are a first indication of the presence of a heterogeneous microdomain structure of the stealth liposomal system. The amphiphilic drug indomethacin (IND) was successfully encapsulated within the liposomes and led to an increased size of stealth liposomes, while the morphology of liposomal vectors changed significantly at the highest molar ratio of PEGylated lipid. CONCLUSIONS We can state that this approach can promote a new analytical concept based on the morphological characteristics and quantify the shape of drug carriers complementary to that of the conventional analytical techniques.
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123
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pH-sensitive polymeric micelles triggered drug release for extracellular and intracellular drug targeting delivery. Asian J Pharm Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2013.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Wang X, Podila R, Shannahan JH, Rao AM, Brown JM. Intravenously delivered graphene nanosheets and multiwalled carbon nanotubes induce site-specific Th2 inflammatory responses via the IL-33/ST2 axis. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:1733-48. [PMID: 23662055 PMCID: PMC3647448 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s44211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon-based nanomaterials (CBN), such as graphene nanosheets (GNS) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), have been proposed for potential nanomedicine applications such as biomedical devices and carriers for drug delivery. However, our current understanding regarding the systemic toxicity of these CBN through intravenous (iv) injection is limited. In this study, we compare the immune response resulting from GNS and MWCNT exposure. We hypothesize that iv administration of GNS and MWCNT would result in divergent systemic inflammatory responses due to physicochemical differences between these two CBN. In the lungs of C57BL/6 mice, GNS actuate a Th2 immune response 1 day following iv administration, which consists of neutrophilic influx and a significant increase in interleukin (IL)-5, IL-13, IL-33, and its soluble receptor (sST2) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. MWCNT elicited a significant increase in the messenger ribonucleic acid expression of cytokines in the spleen including IL-4 and IL-33, which are associated with an increase in splenic cell differentiation (CD)4+ and CD8+ T-cells in C57BL/6 mice following iv injection. The observed Th2 responses in both the lung and spleen are absent in ST2−/− mice administrated GNS or MWCNT, suggesting a critical role for IL-33. In conclusion, the use of GNS or MWCNT as nanocarriers for drug delivery may result in Th2 immune responses that are mediated through the IL-33/ST2 axis and therefore may promote adverse allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
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125
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Bao G, Mitragotri S, Tong S. Multifunctional nanoparticles for drug delivery and molecular imaging. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2013; 15:253-82. [PMID: 23642243 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071812-152409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanotechnology and growing needs in biomedical applications have driven the development of multifunctional nanoparticles. These nanoparticles, through nanocrystalline synthesis, advanced polymer processing, and coating and functionalization strategies, have the potential to integrate various functionalities, simultaneously providing (a) contrast for different imaging modalities, (b) targeted delivery of drug/gene, and (c) thermal therapies. Although still in its infancy, the field of multifunctional nanoparticles has shown great promise in emerging medical fields such as multimodal imaging, theranostics, and image-guided therapies. In this review, we summarize the techniques used in the synthesis of complex nanostructures, review the major forms of multifunctional nanoparticles that have emerged over the past few years, and provide a perceptual vision of this important field of nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Bao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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126
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Singh AK, Pandey A, Tewari M, Kumar R, Sharma A, Pandey HP, Shukla HS. Prospects of nano-material in breast cancer management. Pathol Oncol Res 2013; 19:155-65. [PMID: 23435835 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-013-9609-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer evaluation and early diagnosis are core complexity worldwide and an ambiguity for scientists till date. Nano-materials are innovative tools for rapid diagnosis and therapy, which may induce an immense result in the field of oncology. Their exceptional size-dependent properties make them special and superior materials and quite indispensable in several fields of the human activities. The major obstacle in finding cure for malignant breast cancer is to increase in development of resistances for tumors to the therapeutic treatments. The widespread mammo-graph particle is being developed by nations to diagnosis disease in primitive stage to decline the mortality rates caused by breast carcinoma. The advancement of nano-particle based diagnostic tools facilitates in evaluation and provides encouraging development in breast cancer therapeutics. In this compact review, efforts have been made to compose the current advancements in the area of functional nano-particles. Furthermore, in vivo and in vitro applications of nano-materials in breast cancer management are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Singh
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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127
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Hsu CC, Chuang YC, Chancellor MB. Intravesical drug delivery for dysfunctional bladder. Int J Urol 2013; 20:552-62. [DOI: 10.1111/iju.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Chien Hsu
- Department of Urology; Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Kaohsiung; Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chi Chuang
- Department of Urology; Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Chang Gung University College of Medicine; Kaohsiung; Taiwan
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128
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Characterization and in-vitro bioactivity evaluation of paclitaxel-loaded polyester nanoparticles. Anticancer Drugs 2013; 23:947-58. [PMID: 22713593 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e328355a6c6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel, an antimicrotubular agent used in the treatment of ovarian and breast cancer, was encapsulated in nanoparticles of poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) and poly(ε-caprolactone) polymers using the double emulsion-solvent evaporation technique. The morphology, size distribution, drug encapsulation efficiency, thermal degradation and in-vitro drug release profile were characterized. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the drug encapsulation efficiency and in-vitro drug release profile. MCF-7 breast cancer cells were used to evaluate the cytotoxicity (MTT assay), the cellular uptake and the cell cycle. The particle size was in the range of 200-400 nm. Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles showed more effective cellular uptake compared with those of poly(ε-caprolactone). Unloaded nanoparticles were found to be cytocompatible on MCF-7 cells and paclitaxel formulations showed efficacy in killing MCF-7 cells. Paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles induced the release of the drug-blocking cells in the G2/M phase. Paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles may be considered a promising drug delivery system in the evaluation of an in-vivo model.
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129
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Chen NT, Cheng SH, Liu CP, Souris JS, Chen CT, Mou CY, Lo LW. Recent advances in nanoparticle-based Förster resonance energy transfer for biosensing, molecular imaging and drug release profiling. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:16598-623. [PMID: 23443121 PMCID: PMC3546710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131216598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) may be regarded as a "smart" technology in the design of fluorescence probes for biological sensing and imaging. Recently, a variety of nanoparticles that include quantum dots, gold nanoparticles, polymer, mesoporous silica nanoparticles and upconversion nanoparticles have been employed to modulate FRET. Researchers have developed a number of "visible" and "activatable" FRET probes sensitive to specific changes in the biological environment that are especially attractive from the biomedical point of view. This article reviews recent progress in bringing these nanoparticle-modulated energy transfer schemes to fruition for applications in biosensing, molecular imaging and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Tzu Chen
- Division of Medical Engineering Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Miaoli County, Taiwan; E-Mails: (N.-T.C.); (S.-H.C.); (C.-P.L.)
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Shih-Hsun Cheng
- Division of Medical Engineering Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Miaoli County, Taiwan; E-Mails: (N.-T.C.); (S.-H.C.); (C.-P.L.)
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; E-Mails: (J.S.S.); (C.-T.C.)
| | - Ching-Ping Liu
- Division of Medical Engineering Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Miaoli County, Taiwan; E-Mails: (N.-T.C.); (S.-H.C.); (C.-P.L.)
| | - Jeffrey S. Souris
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; E-Mails: (J.S.S.); (C.-T.C.)
| | - Chen-Tu Chen
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; E-Mails: (J.S.S.); (C.-T.C.)
| | - Chung-Yuan Mou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; E-Mail:
| | - Leu-Wei Lo
- Division of Medical Engineering Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Miaoli County, Taiwan; E-Mails: (N.-T.C.); (S.-H.C.); (C.-P.L.)
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130
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Oliveira MF, Guimarães PPG, Gomes ADM, Suárez D, Sinisterra RD. Strategies to target tumors using nanodelivery systems based on biodegradable polymers, aspects of intellectual property, and market. J Chem Biol 2012; 6:7-23. [PMID: 24294318 DOI: 10.1007/s12154-012-0086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michele F Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Pres. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, CEP: 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
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131
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132
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Nirmal J, Chuang YC, Tyagi P, Chancellor MB. Intravesical therapy for lower urinary tract symptoms. UROLOGICAL SCIENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urols.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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133
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Advances in polymeric and inorganic vectors for nonviral nucleic acid delivery. Ther Deliv 2012; 2:493-521. [PMID: 22826857 DOI: 10.4155/tde.11.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonviral systems for nucleic acid delivery offer a host of potential advantages compared with viruses, including reduced toxicity and immunogenicity, increased ease of production and less stringent vector size limitations, but remain far less efficient than their viral counterparts. In this article we review recent advances in the delivery of nucleic acids using polymeric and inorganic vectors. We discuss the wide range of materials being designed and evaluated for these purposes while considering the physical requirements and barriers to entry that these agents face and reviewing recent novel approaches towards improving delivery with respect to each of these barriers. Furthermore, we provide a brief overview of past and ongoing nonviral gene therapy clinical trials. We conclude with a discussion of multifunctional nucleic acid carriers and future directions.
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134
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Yong KT, Wang Y, Roy I, Rui H, Swihart MT, Law WC, Kwak SK, Ye L, Liu J, Mahajan SD, Reynolds JL. Preparation of quantum dot/drug nanoparticle formulations for traceable targeted delivery and therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2012; 2:681-94. [PMID: 22896770 PMCID: PMC3418929 DOI: 10.7150/thno.3692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum dots (QDs) are luminescent nanocrystals with rich surface chemistry and unique optical properties that make them useful as probes or carriers for traceable targeted delivery and therapy applications. QDs can be functionalized to target specific cells or tissues by conjugating them with targeting ligands. Recent advancement in making biocompatible QD formulations has made these nanocrystals suitable for in vivo applications. This review provides an overview of the preparation of QDs and their use as probes or carriers for traceable, targeted therapy of diseases in vitro and in vivo. More specifically, recent advances in the integration of QDs with drug formulations for therapy and their potential toxicity in vitro and in vivo are highlighted. The current findings and challenges for optimizing QD/drug formulations with respect to optimal size and stability, short-term and long-term toxicity, and in vivo applications are described. Lastly, we attempt to predict key trends in QD/drug formulation development over the next few years and highlight areas of therapy where their use may provide breakthrough results in the near future.
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135
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Gu Q, Xing JZ, Huang M, Zhang X, Chen J. Nanoformulation of paclitaxel to enhance cancer therapy. J Biomater Appl 2012; 28:298-307. [PMID: 22561979 DOI: 10.1177/0885328212446822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Paclitaxel is a microtubule inhibitor causing mitotic arrest and is widely used in cancer chemotherapy. However, its poor water solubility restricts its direct clinical applications. In this article, we report paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles that are water soluble and that can improve the drug's bio-distribution and therapeutic efficacy. Paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles were synthesized by using Pluronic copolymers (F-68 and P-123) and surfactant (Span 40) as nanocarrier. The toxicity and cellular uptake of paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles were evaluated. The paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles can completely disperse into phosphate buffer saline to produce a clear aqueous suspension. Based on HPLC analysis, the drug-loading rate is 9.0 ± 0.1% while drug encapsulation efficiency is 99.0 ± 1.0%. The cytotoxicity assay was performed using breast cancer MCF-7 and cervical cancer Hela cells. For MCF-7 cells, the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles and paclitaxel are 8.5 ± 0.3 and 14.0 ± 0.7 ng/mL at 48 hours and 3.5 ± 0.4 and 5.2 ± 0.5 ng/mL at 72 hours across several runs. IC50 of paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles and paclitaxel for Hela cells are 5.0 ± 0.3 and 8.0 ± 0.3 ng/mL at 48 hours and 2.0 ± 0.1 and 6.5 ± 0.3 ng/mL at 72 hours. In-vitro studies show that the drug's nanoformulation gives obvious enhancements in the drug's efficiency at killing cancer cells over paclitaxel alone. Materials of the nanocarrier used for nanoformulation are approved with low toxicity according to the result of cell studies. CONCLUSION paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles greatly improved the physicochemical properties of paclitaxel without modifying its chemical structure, allowing for deep-site cancer drug delivery and enhancing the drug therapeutic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanrong Gu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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136
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A mixture theory model of fluid and solute transport in the microvasculature of normal and malignant tissues. I. Theory. J Math Biol 2012; 66:1179-207. [DOI: 10.1007/s00285-012-0528-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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137
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Cao Y, Arbiser J, D'Amato RJ, D'Amore PA, Ingber DE, Kerbel R, Klagsbrun M, Lim S, Moses MA, Zetter B, Dvorak H, Langer R. Forty-year journey of angiogenesis translational research. Sci Transl Med 2012; 3:114rv3. [PMID: 22190240 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Forty years ago, Judah Folkman predicted that tumor growth is dependent on angiogenesis and that inhibiting this process might be a new strategy for cancer therapy. This hypothesis formed the foundation of a new field of research that represents an excellent example of how a groundbreaking scientific discovery can be translated to yield benefits for patients. Today, antiangiogenic drugs are used to treat human cancers and retinal vascular diseases. Here, we guide readers through 40 years of angiogenesis research and discuss challenges of antiangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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138
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Abstract
Anticancer agents continue to be a preferred therapeutic option for several malignancies. Despite their effectiveness, oncologists are continually looking for tumor-specific anticancer agents to prevent adverse effects in patients. Targeting of imaging agents to cancerous tissue is another area that is enthusiastically explored to circumvent some of the drawbacks that current imaging agents possess, including the inability to target small tumor cells, inadequate imaging period, and the risk of renal damage. Formulation scientists have explored nanotechnology-based delivery systems for targeting anticancer agents and tumor-imaging agents to cancer tissue. Targeting with nanotechnology-based delivery systems has been investigated by both passive and active mechanisms with significant clinical success. This review presents a discussion on targeting strategies used for the delivery of nanoparticles by passive and active mechanisms, focusing more specifically on active targeting of nanoparticles using albumin, folic acid, transferrin, and aptamers as targeting ligands.
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139
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Ohara Y, Oda T, Yamada K, Hashimoto S, Akashi Y, Miyamoto R, Kobayashi A, Fukunaga K, Sasaki R, Ohkohchi N. Effective delivery of chemotherapeutic nanoparticles by depleting host Kupffer cells. Int J Cancer 2012; 131:2402-10. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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140
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Chernenko T, Sawant RR, Miljkovic M, Quintero L, Diem M, Torchilin V. Raman microscopy for noninvasive imaging of pharmaceutical nanocarriers: intracellular distribution of cationic liposomes of different composition. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:930-6. [PMID: 22376068 DOI: 10.1021/mp200519y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is playing an increasing role in targeted drug delivery into pathological tissues. Drug-loaded pharmaceutical nanocarriers can be delivered into diseased sites by passive targeting (spontaneous accumulation of nanocarriers in the areas with affected vasculature) or by active targeting (via site-specific ligands attached to the surface of drug-loaded nanocarriers). Subsequent level of targeting requires cellular internalization of nanocarriers and their specific association with certain individual cell organelles. The control over intracellular distribution of pharmaceutical nanocarriers requires effective and noninvasive methods of their visualization inside cells. In an attempt to enhance cellular internalization of pharmaceutical nanocarriers and their association with mitochondria specifically, we have prepared three types of cationic liposomes and investigated their intracellular distribution. The analysis was performed using Raman microspectroscopy in order to provide morphological information as well as biochemical signatures of the sample. It was demonstrated that Raman microscopy allows evaluation of the extent of mitochondrial association depending on the liposome composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chernenko
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Pharmaceutical Department, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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141
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Tong R, Cheng J. Drug-Initiated, Controlled Ring-Opening Polymerization for the Synthesis of Polymer-Drug Conjugates. Macromolecules 2012; 45:2225-2232. [PMID: 23357880 PMCID: PMC3555138 DOI: 10.1021/ma202581d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel, a polyol chemotherapeutic agent, was covalently conjugated through its 2'-OH to polylactide with 100% regioselectivity via controlled polymerization of lactide mediated by paclitaxel/(BDI-II)ZnN(TMS)(2) (BDI-II = 2-((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)amino)-4-((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino)-2-pentene). The steric bulk of the substituents on the N-aryl groups of the BDI ligand drastically affected the regiochemistry of coordination of the metal catalysts to paclitaxel and the subsequent ring-opening polymerization of lactide. The drug-initiated, controlled polymerization of lactide was extended, again with 100% regioselectivity, to docetaxel, a chemotherapeutic agent that is even more structurally complex than paclitaxel. Regioselective incorporation of paclitaxel (or docetaxel) to other biopolymers (i.e., poly(δ-valerolactone), poly(trimethylene carbonate), and poly(ε-caprolactone)), was also achieved through drug/(BDI-II)ZnN(TMS)(2)-mediated controlled polymerization. These drug-polylactide conjugates with precisely controlled structures are expected to be excellent building blocks for drug delivery, coating, and controlled-release applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jianjun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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142
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Grallert SRM, Rangel-Yagui CDO, Pasqualoto KFM, Tavares LC. Polymeric micelles and molecular modeling applied to the development of radiopharmaceuticals. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502012000100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Micelles composed of amphiphilic copolymers linked to a radioactive element are used in nuclear medicine predominantly as a diagnostic application. A relevant advantage of polymeric micelles in aqueous solution is their resulting particle size, which can vary from 10 to 100 nm in diameter. In this review, polymeric micelles labeled with radioisotopes including technetium (99mTc) and indium (111In), and their clinical applications for several diagnostic techniques, such as single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), gamma-scintigraphy, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), were discussed. Also, micelle use primarily for the diagnosis of lymphatic ducts and sentinel lymph nodes received special attention. Notably, the employment of these diagnostic techniques can be considered a significant tool for functionally exploring body systems as well as investigating molecular pathways involved in the disease process. The use of molecular modeling methodologies and computer-aided drug design strategies can also yield valuable information for the rational design and development of novel radiopharmaceuticals.
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143
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Abstract
A major endeavour in cancer chemotherapy is to develop agents that specifically target a biomolecule of interest. There are two main classes of targeting agents: small molecules and biologics. Among biologics (e.g.: antibodies), DNA, RNA but also peptide aptamers are relatively recent agents. Peptide aptamers are seldom described but represent attractive agents that can inhibit a growing panel of oncotargets including Heat Shock Proteins. Potential pitfalls and coming challenges towards successful clinical trials are presented such as optimizing the delivery of peptide aptamers thanks to Nanotechnology.
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144
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López-Gasco P, Iglesias I, Benedí J, Lozano R, Teijón JM, Blanco MD. Paclitaxel-loaded polyester nanoparticles prepared by spray-drying technology: in vitro bioactivity evaluation. J Microencapsul 2012; 28:417-29. [PMID: 21736526 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2011.576785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX), an antimicrotubular agent used in the treatment of ovarian and breast cancer, was encapsulated in nanoparticles (NPs) of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) polymers using the spray-drying technique. Morphology, size distribution, drug encapsulation efficiency, thermal degradation and drug release were characterized. MCF7 cells were employed to evaluate the efficacy of the systems on cell cycle and cytotoxicity. The particle size was in the range 0.8-1 µm. The incorporation efficiency of PTX was more than 80% in all NPs obtained. In vitro drug release took place during 35 days, and drug release rates were in the order PCL > PLGA 50:50 > PLGA 75:25. Unloaded NPs showed to be cytocompatible at MCF7 cells. PTX-loaded NPs demonstrated the release of the drug block cells in the G2/M phase. All PTX-loaded formulations showed their efficacy in killing MCF7 cells, mainly PTX-loaded PLGA 50:50 and PLGA 75:25 that cause a decrease in cell viability lower than 20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- P López-Gasco
- Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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145
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Chimeric advanced drug delivery nano systems (chi-aDDnSs) for shikonin combining dendritic and liposomal technology. Int J Pharm 2012; 422:381-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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146
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Ukawala M, Rajyaguru T, Chaudhari K, Manjappa AS, Murthy RSR, Gude R. EILDV-conjugated, etoposide-loaded biodegradable polymeric micelles directing to tumor metastatic cells overexpressing α4β1 integrin. Cancer Nanotechnol 2011; 2:133-145. [PMID: 26069491 PMCID: PMC4451974 DOI: 10.1007/s12645-011-0023-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone) micelles loaded with etoposide (ETO) were formulated and further conjugated with pentapeptide Glu-Ile-Leu-Asp-Val (EILDV) to target α4β1 integrin receptor overexpressed on metastatic tumor cell. Using a distinct ratio of carboxyl-terminated poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (HOOC-PEG-b-PCL) to methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone (CH3O-PEG-b-PCL) polymers, we formulated a series of micellar formulations having different surface densities of EILDV and observed optimum cellular uptake of micelles with 10% EILDV surface density by B16F10 cells. The cytotoxicity of EILDV-conjugated micelles was observed close to 1.5-fold higher than plain ETO after 72 h of drug incubation, demonstrating controlled release of drug inside the cell after enhanced intracellular uptake with the ability to selectively target cancer cells. In addition, EILDV-conjugated micelles inhibited the migration of B16F10 cells effectively compared with plain ETO and non-conjugated micellar formulations when cells were treated with equivalent cytotoxic concentration of the drug, i.e., IC25. B16F10 cells treated with EILDV-conjugated micelles showed a significant reduction in the attachment of cells to the substrate-coated plate compared with non-conjugated micellar formulations, implying retention of the biological activity of EILDV after coupling to micelles. Furthermore, the in vivo experimental metastasis assay conducted on C57BL/6 mice demonstrated significant activity of EIDLV-conjugated micelles in the reduction of pulmonary metastatic nodule formation in both pretreatment and post-treatment methods. In conclusion, EIDLV-conjugated micelles showed higher efficacy in the treatment of metastasis and would be a promising approach in the treatment of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Ukawala
- />Centre for Post Graduate studies and Research, New Drug Delivery Systems Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Tushar Rajyaguru
- />Centre for Post Graduate studies and Research, New Drug Delivery Systems Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Kiran Chaudhari
- />Centre for Post Graduate studies and Research, New Drug Delivery Systems Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - A. S. Manjappa
- />Centre for Post Graduate studies and Research, New Drug Delivery Systems Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - R. S. R. Murthy
- />Centre for Post Graduate studies and Research, New Drug Delivery Systems Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
- />Center for Nanomedicine, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab India
| | - Rajiv Gude
- />Gude Lab, Tata Memorial Center, Advanced Center for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Cancer Research Institute, Navi Mumbai, India
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Integrin receptors for cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix have important roles in all stages of cancer progression and metastasis. Since the integrin family was discovered in the early 1980's, many studies have identified critical adhesion and signaling functions for integrins expressed on tumor cells, endothelial cells and other cell types of the tumor microenvironment, in controlling proliferation, survival, migration and angiogenesis. In recent years, the laminin-binding integrin α3β1 has emerged as a potentially promising anti-cancer target on breast cancer cells. AREAS COVERED Studies from the past decade that implicate integrins as promising anti-cancer targets and the development of integrin antagonists as anti-cancer therapeutics. Recent preclinical studies that have identified the laminin-binding integrin α3β1 as an appealing anti-cancer target and the knowledge gaps that must be closed to fully exploit this integrin as a therapeutic target for breast cancer. EXPERT OPINION Although the tumor-promoting functions of α3β1 implicate this integrin as a promising therapeutic target on breast cancer cells, successful exploitation of this integrin as an anti-cancer target will require a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms whereby it regulates specific tumor cell behaviors and the identification of the most appropriate α3β1 functions to antagonize on breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sita Subbaram
- Albany Medical College, Center for Cell Biology & Cancer Research, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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Kontogiannopoulos KN, Assimopoulou AN, Dimas K, Papageorgiou VP. Shikonin-loaded liposomes as a new drug delivery system: Physicochemical characterization and in vitro cytotoxicity. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201100104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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149
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Stephen ZR, Kievit FM, Zhang M. Magnetite Nanoparticles for Medical MR Imaging. MATERIALS TODAY (KIDLINGTON, ENGLAND) 2011; 14:330-338. [PMID: 22389583 PMCID: PMC3290401 DOI: 10.1016/s1369-7021(11)70163-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has given scientists new tools for the development of advanced materials for the detection and diagnosis of disease. Iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) in particular have been extensively investigated as novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents due to a combination of favorable superparamagnetic properties, biodegradability, and surface properties of easy modification for improved in vivo kinetics and multifunctionality. This review discusses the basics of MR imaging, the origin of SPION's unique magnetic properties, recent developments in MRI acquisition methods for detection of SPIONs, synthesis and post-synthesis processes that improve SPION's imaging characteristics, and an outlook on the translational potential of SPIONs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary R. Stephen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Forrest M. Kievit
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Miqin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195 USA
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150
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Structural plasticity of a transmembrane peptide allows self-assembly into biologically active nanoparticles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:9798-803. [PMID: 21628584 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1014598108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant efforts have been devoted to the development of nanoparticular delivering systems targeting tumors. However, clinical application of nanoparticles is hampered by insufficient size homogeneity, difficulties in reproducible synthesis and manufacturing, frequent high uptake in the liver, systemic toxicity of the carriers (particularly for inorganic nanoparticles), and insufficient selectivity for tumor cells. We have found that properly modified synthetic analogs of transmembrane domains of membrane proteins can self-assemble into remarkably uniform spherical nanoparticles with innate biological activity. Self-assembly is driven by a structural transition of the peptide that adopts predominantly a beta-hairpin conformation in aqueous solutions, but folds into an alpha-helix upon spontaneous fusion of the nanoparticles with cell membrane. A 24-amino acid peptide corresponding to the second transmembrane helix of the CXCR4 forms self-assembled particles that inhibit CXCR4 function in vitro and hamper CXCR4-dependent tumor metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, such nanoparticles can encapsulate hydrophobic drugs, thus providing a delivery system with the potential for dual biological activity.
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