101
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Li W, Qiu T, Guo L, Ying J. Major challenges related to tumor biological characteristics in accurate mutation detection of colorectal cancer by next-generation sequencing. Cancer Lett 2017; 410:92-99. [PMID: 28942013 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been used in mutation detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). We here interrogated 747 CRC samples to detect mutations in 22 cancer-related genes by using NGS, and to explore some key challenges related to tumor biology. RAS mutations (KRAS or NRAS mutations), RAS/BRAF/PIK3CA mutations (mutations in KRAS, NRAS, BRAF or PIK3CA) and mutation burden (mutations in any of the 22 detected genes) were observed in 53.0% (396/747), 57.1% (431/747) and 84.2% (629/747) of specimens, respectively. Higher mutation frequencies were observed in biopsy specimens with ≥20% tumor cellularity than those with <20% tumor cellularity, but these differences were not observed in resection samples. Intratumor mutational heterogeneity was estimated by mutant allele frequency and tumor cellularity, and more likely to occur in PIK3CA mutant tumors. No significant differences of mutation frequencies were detected between primary and metastatic tumors. Additionally, specimens after chemotherapy showed lower mutation frequencies compared with specimens without chemotherapy. Together, our findings demonstrate that poor tumor cellularity, tumor heterogeneity and adjuvant therapy may confound the molecular diagnosis of CRC, and should be highlighted with prospective quality assessment during tissue process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Li
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Tian Qiu
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jianming Ying
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
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102
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Singh N. Beyond epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) testing in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Is the picture as "ROS1" as it appears? Lung India 2017; 34:405-408. [PMID: 28869221 PMCID: PMC5592748 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_305_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Singh
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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103
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ALK in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Pathobiology, Epidemiology, Detection from Tumor Tissue and Algorithm Diagnosis in a Daily Practice. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9080107. [PMID: 28805682 PMCID: PMC5575610 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9080107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) harboring an ALK rearrangement, detected from a tissue sample, can benefit from targeted ALK inhibitor treatment. Several increasingly effective ALK inhibitors are now available for treatment of patients. However, despite an initial favorable response to treatment, in most cases relapse or progression occurs due to resistance mechanisms mainly caused by mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of ALK. The detection of an ALK rearrangement is pivotal and can be done using different methods, which have variable sensitivity and specificity depending, in particular, on the quality and quantity of the patient’s sample. This review will first highlight briefly some information regarding the pathobiology of an ALK rearrangement and the epidemiology of patients harboring this genomic alteration. The different methods used to detect an ALK rearrangement as well as their advantages and disadvantages will then be examined and algorithms proposed for detection in daily routine practice.
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104
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Tree AC, Harding V, Bhangu A, Krishnasamy V, Morton D, Stebbing J, Wood BJ, Sharma RA. The need for multidisciplinarity in specialist training to optimize future patient care. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2017; 14:508-517. [PMID: 27898067 PMCID: PMC7641875 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Harmonious interactions between radiation, medical, interventional and surgical oncologists, as well as other members of multidisciplinary teams, are essential for the optimization of patient care in oncology. This multidisciplinary approach is particularly important in the current landscape, in which standard-of-care approaches to cancer treatment are evolving towards highly targeted treatments, precise image guidance and personalized cancer therapy. Herein, we highlight the importance of multidisciplinarity and interdisciplinarity at all levels of clinical oncology training. Potential deficits in the current career development pathways and suggested strategies to broaden clinical training and research are presented, with specific emphasis on the merits of trainee involvement in functional multidisciplinary teams. Finally, the importance of training in multidisciplinary research is discussed, with the expectation that this awareness will yield the most fertile ground for future discoveries. Our key message is for cancer professionals to fulfil their duty in ensuring that trainees appreciate the importance of multidisciplinary research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison C Tree
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and the Institute of Cancer Research, Downs Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5PT, UK
| | - Victoria Harding
- Division of Cancer, ICTEM Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Aneel Bhangu
- Academic Department of Surgery, Room 29, 4th Floor, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - Venkatesh Krishnasamy
- Center for Interventional Oncology, National Cancer Institute and NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Dion Morton
- Academic Department of Surgery, Room 29, 4th Floor, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - Justin Stebbing
- Imperial College/Imperial Healthcare NHS Trust, Charing Cross Hospital, 1st Floor, E Wing, Fulham Palace Road, London, W6 8RF, UK; and at the Division of Cancer, ICTEM Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Bradford J Wood
- Center for Interventional Oncology, National Cancer Institute and NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
| | - Ricky A Sharma
- NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, UK
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105
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Pailler E, Faugeroux V, Oulhen M, Catelain C, Farace F. Routine clinical use of circulating tumor cells for diagnosis of mutations and chromosomal rearrangements in non-small cell lung cancer-ready for prime-time? Transl Lung Cancer Res 2017; 6:444-453. [PMID: 28904888 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr.2017.07.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), diagnosis of predictive biomarkers for targeted therapies is currently done in small tumor biopsies. However, tumor biopsies can be invasive, in some cases associated with risk, and tissue adequacy, both in terms of quantity and quality is often insufficient. The development of efficient and non-invasive methods to identify genetic alterations is a key challenge which circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have the potential to be exploited for. CTCs are extremely rare and phenotypically diverse, two characteristics that impose technical challenges and impact the success of robust molecular analysis. Here we introduce the clinical needs in this disease that mainly consist of the diagnosis of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating alterations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement. We present the proof-of-concept studies that explore the detection of these genetic alterations in CTCs from NSCLC patients. Finally, we discuss steps that are still required before CTCs are routinely used for diagnosis of EGFR-mutations and ALK-rearrangements in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Pailler
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment", F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculty of Medicine, F-94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Vincent Faugeroux
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment", F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculty of Medicine, F-94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marianne Oulhen
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment", F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Cyril Catelain
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment", F-94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Françoise Farace
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, F-94805, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment", F-94805, Villejuif, France.,Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculty of Medicine, F-94270, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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106
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Lindsay C, Faugeroux V, Michiels S, Pailler E, Facchinetti F, Ou D, Bluthgen M, Pannet C, Ngo-Camus M, Bescher G, Caramella C, Billiot F, Remon J, Planchard D, Soria JC, Besse B, Farace F. A prospective examination of circulating tumor cell profiles in non-small-cell lung cancer molecular subgroups. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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107
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Das S, Horn L. Plasma genotyping in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: simplifying or confusing the diagnosis? Lung Cancer Manag 2017; 6:29-37. [PMID: 30643568 DOI: 10.2217/lmt-2016-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of driver mutations in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer has changed the treatment outcomes for patients with actionable driver mutations. Lack of tissue at diagnosis, however, remains a central obstacle in making optimal treatment decisions in patients with advanced disease. Although the US FDA has approved one plasma-based test for detecting epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in patients with advanced stage disease, sensitivity of these assays remains mediocre, necessitating additional tissue testing and possible delays in patients with negative results. Serial monitoring for response and early detection of acquired resistance to targeted therapies is also possible with cell-free DNA, however the benefit of switching therapy prior to detection of changes on imaging is unknown currently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Das
- 2220 Pierce Avenue, 777 Preston Research Building, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Leora Horn
- 2220 Pierce Avenue, 777 Preston Research Building, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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108
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Dolly SO, Collins DC, Sundar R, Popat S, Yap TA. Advances in the Development of Molecularly Targeted Agents in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Drugs 2017; 77:813-827. [PMID: 28378229 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-017-0732-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a significant global health challenge and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The traditional 'one-size-fits-all' treatment approach has now evolved into one that involves personalized strategies based on histological and molecular subtypes. The molecular era has revolutionized the treatment of patients harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and ROS1 gene aberrations. In the appropriately selected population, anti-tumor agents against these molecular targets can significantly improve progression-free survival. However, the emergence of acquired resistance is inevitable. Novel potent compounds with much improved and rational selectivity profiles, such as third-generation EGFR T790M resistance mutation-specific inhibitors, have been developed and added to the NSCLC armamentarium. To date, attempts to overcome resistance bypass pathways through downstream signaling blockade has had limited success. Furthermore, the majority of patients still do not harbor known driver genetic or epigenetic alterations and/or have no new available treatment options, with chemotherapy remaining their standard of care. Several potentially actionable driver aberrations have recently been identified, with the early clinical development of multiple inhibitors against these promising targets currently in progress. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors has led to significant benefit for advanced NSCLC patients with durable responses observed. Further interrogation of the underlying biology of NSCLC, coupled with modern clinical trial designs, is now required to develop novel targeted therapeutics rationally matched with predictive biomarkers of response, so as to further advance NSCLC therapeutics through the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raghav Sundar
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sanjay Popat
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy A Yap
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. .,Drug Development Unit and Lung Cancer Unit, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, London, SM2 5PT, UK.
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109
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Planchard D, Remon J, Nowak F, Soria JC. Future Genetic/Genomic Biomarker Testing in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2017; 37:12-17. [PMID: 28561640 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Planchard
- From the Department of Oncology Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; Department of Oncology Medicine, Hospital de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Institut National du Cancer, Boulogne-Billancourt, France; University Paris-Sud and Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Jordi Remon
- From the Department of Oncology Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; Department of Oncology Medicine, Hospital de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Institut National du Cancer, Boulogne-Billancourt, France; University Paris-Sud and Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Frédérique Nowak
- From the Department of Oncology Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; Department of Oncology Medicine, Hospital de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Institut National du Cancer, Boulogne-Billancourt, France; University Paris-Sud and Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Charles Soria
- From the Department of Oncology Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France; Department of Oncology Medicine, Hospital de la Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Institut National du Cancer, Boulogne-Billancourt, France; University Paris-Sud and Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
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110
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Pailler E, Oulhen M, Borget I, Remon J, Ross K, Auger N, Billiot F, Ngo Camus M, Commo F, Lindsay CR, Planchard D, Soria JC, Besse B, Farace F. Circulating Tumor Cells with Aberrant ALK Copy Number Predict Progression-Free Survival during Crizotinib Treatment in ALK-Rearranged Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Cancer Res 2017; 77:2222-2230. [PMID: 28461563 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The duration and magnitude of clinical response are unpredictable in ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with crizotinib, although all patients invariably develop resistance. Here, we evaluated whether circulating tumor cells (CTC) with aberrant ALK-FISH patterns [ALK-rearrangement, ALK-copy number gain (ALK-CNG)] monitored on crizotinib could predict progression-free survival (PFS) in a cohort of ALK-rearranged patients. Thirty-nine ALK-rearranged NSCLC patients treated with crizotinib as first ALK inhibitor were recruited prospectively. Blood samples were collected at baseline and at an early time-point (2 months) on crizotinib. Aberrant ALK-FISH patterns were examined in CTCs using immunofluorescence staining combined with filter-adapted FISH after filtration enrichment. CTCs were classified into distinct subsets according to the presence of ALK-rearrangement and/or ALK-CNG signals. No significant association between baseline numbers of ALK-rearranged or ALK-CNG CTCs and PFS was observed. However, we observed a significant association between the decrease in CTC number with ALK-CNG on crizotinib and a longer PFS (likelihood ratio test, P = 0.025). In multivariate analysis, the dynamic change of CTC with ALK-CNG was the strongest factor associated with PFS (HR, 4.485; 95% confidence interval, 1.543-13.030, P = 0.006). Although not dominant, ALK-CNG has been reported to be one of the mechanisms of acquired resistance to crizotinib in tumor biopsies. Our results suggest that the dynamic change in the numbers of CTCs with ALK-CNG may be a predictive biomarker for crizotinib efficacy in ALK-rearranged NSCLC patients. Serial molecular analysis of CTC shows promise for real-time patient monitoring and clinical outcome prediction in this population. Cancer Res; 77(9); 2222-30. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Pailler
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment," Villejuif, France.,Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Marianne Oulhen
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment," Villejuif, France
| | - Isabelle Borget
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Villejuif, France.,Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculty of Pharmacy, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jordi Remon
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Medicine, Villejuif, France
| | - Kirsty Ross
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment," Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Auger
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Biopathology, Villejuif, France
| | - Fanny Billiot
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, Villejuif, France.,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment," Villejuif, France
| | - Maud Ngo Camus
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Medicine, Villejuif, France
| | - Frédéric Commo
- INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment," Villejuif, France
| | - Colin R Lindsay
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, Villejuif, France.,Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Medicine, Villejuif, France
| | - David Planchard
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Medicine, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean-Charles Soria
- INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment," Villejuif, France.,Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.,Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Medicine, Villejuif, France
| | - Benjamin Besse
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Medicine, Villejuif, France
| | - Françoise Farace
- Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, "Circulating Tumor Cells" Translational Platform, CNRS UMS3655 - INSERM US23 AMMICA, Villejuif, France. .,INSERM, U981 "Identification of Molecular Predictors and new Targets for Cancer Treatment," Villejuif, France.,Univ Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Faculty of Medicine, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France
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111
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Li K, Mo C, Gong D, Chen Y, Huang Z, Li Y, Zhang J, Huang L, Li Y, Fuller-Pace FV, Lin P, Wei Y. DDX17 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling promotes acquired gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer cells via activation of β-catenin. Cancer Lett 2017; 400:194-202. [PMID: 28259822 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Although epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are effective for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutations, almost all these patients will eventually develop acquired resistance to EGFR-TKI. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for gefitinib resistance remain still not fully understood. Here, we report that elevated DDX17 levels are observed in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells than gefitinib-sensitive cells. Upregulation of DDX17 enhances the gefitinib resistance, whereas DDX17-silenced cells partially restore gefitinib sensitivity. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that DDX17 disassociates the E-cadherin/β-catenin complex, resulting in β-catenin nuclear translocation and subsequently augmenting the transcription of β-catenin target genes. Moreover, we identify two nuclear localization signal (NLS) and four nuclear export signal (NES) sequences mediated DDX17 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling via an exportin/importin-dependent pathways. Interruption of dynamic nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of DDX17 impairs DDX17-mediating the activation of β-catenin and acquired resistance in NSCLC cells. In conclusion, our findings reveal a novel and important mechanism by which DDX17 contributes to acquired gefitinib resistance through exportin/importin-dependent cytoplasmic shuttling and followed by activation of β-catenin, and DDX17 inhibition may be a promising strategy to overcome acquired resistance of gefitinib in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunfen Mo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Gong
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Lab of Cancer Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhao Huang
- Lab of Cancer Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Lugang Huang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Frances V Fuller-Pace
- Division of Cancer Research, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Ping Lin
- Lab of Experimental Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Lab of Cancer Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
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112
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Yu X, Li Z, Zheng H, Chan MTV, Wu WKK. NEAT1: A novel cancer-related long non-coding RNA. Cell Prolif 2017; 50. [PMID: 28105699 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant overexpression of the long non-coding RNA NEAT1 (nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1) has been documented in different types of solid tumours, such as lung cancer, oesophageal cancer, colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, in which its high levels are associated with poor prognosis. In contrast, NEAT1 is downregulated in acute promyelocytic leukaemia where it promotes leucocyte differentiation. In this review, we provide an overview of current evidence concerning the oncogenic role and potential clinical utilities of NEAT1. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the upstream and downstream mechanisms of NEAT1 overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Heyi Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Matthew T V Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - William Ka Kei Wu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease and LKS Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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113
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Wang P, Xiao P, Ye Y, Liu P, Han L, Dong L, She C, Yu J. Rapid response of brain metastasis to crizotinib in a patient with KLC1-ALK fusion and MET gene amplification positive non-small cell lung cancer: a case report. Cancer Biol Med 2017; 14:183-186. [PMID: 28607809 PMCID: PMC5444930 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2017.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ranks as the leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Brain metastasis (BM) is a common complication of NSCLC, with 25%–40% of patients developing BM during the course of the disease. A significant strategy of local disease control in the central nervous system is radiation therapy. With the development of precision medicine, the concept of treating lung cancer BM has gradually changed. In this case, we performed a surgical procedure to obtain enough tumor tissue for the detection of the target gene and other related experiments after the patient was informed. Finally, we found that the patient had both hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET) gene amplification and kinesin light chain 1-anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion (KLC1-ALK) through next-generation sequencing and showed sensitivity to the targeted therapy of crizotinib. The patient exhibited good response. Our case was successful and underwent targeted therapy with the guidance of precise diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lei Han
- Department of Neuro-Oncology
| | - Li Dong
- Department of Neuro-Oncology
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114
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Fiorentino M, Scarpelli M, Lopez-Beltran A, Cheng L, Montironi R. Considerations for standardizing predictive molecular pathology for cancer prognosis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2016; 17:47-55. [PMID: 27897454 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2017.1266258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Molecular tests that were once ancillary to the core business of cyto-histopathology are becoming the most relevant workload in pathology departments after histopathology/cytopathology and before autopsies. This has resulted from innovations in molecular biology techniques, which have developed at an incredibly fast pace. Areas covered: Most of the current widely used techniques in molecular pathology such as FISH, direct sequencing, pyrosequencing, and allele-specific PCR will be replaced by massive parallel sequencing that will not be considered next generation, but rather, will be considered to be current generation sequencing. The pre-analytical steps of molecular techniques such as DNA extraction or sample preparation will be largely automated. Moreover, all the molecular pathology instruments will be part of an integrated workflow that traces the sample from extraction to the analytical steps until the results are reported; these steps will be guided by expert laboratory information systems. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry for quantification will be largely digitalized as much as histology will be mostly digitalized rather than viewed using microscopy. Expert commentary: This review summarizes the technical and regulatory issues concerning the standardization of molecular tests in pathology. A vision of the future perspectives of technological changes is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelangelo Fiorentino
- a Pathology Service , Addarii Institute of Oncology, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital , Bologna , Italy
| | - Marina Scarpelli
- b Section of Pathological Anatomy , Marche Polytechnic University, School of Medicine, United Hospitals , Ancona , Italy
| | | | - Liang Cheng
- d Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis , IN , USA
| | - Rodolfo Montironi
- a Pathology Service , Addarii Institute of Oncology, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital , Bologna , Italy
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115
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Akizuki R, Shimobaba S, Matsunaga T, Endo S, Ikari A. Claudin-5, -7, and -18 suppress proliferation mediated by inhibition of phosphorylation of Akt in human lung squamous cell carcinoma. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1864:293-302. [PMID: 27884700 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal expression of claudin (CLDN) subtypes has been reported in various solid cancers. However, it is unknown which subtype plays a key role in the regulation of proliferation in cancer cells. The expression of CLDN3-5, 7, and 18 in human lung squamous carcinoma tissues was lower than that in normal tissue. Here, we examined which combination of exogenous CLDNs expression inhibits proliferation and the molecular mechanism using human lung squamous RERF-LC-AI cells. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting showed that CLDN3-5, 7, and 18 are little expressed in RERF-LC-AI cells. In the exogenously transfected cells, CLDN5, 7, and 18 were distributed in the cell-cell contact areas concomitant with ZO-1, a tight junctional scaffolding protein, whereas CLDN3 and 4 were not. Cell proliferation was individually and additively suppressed by CLDN5, 7, and 18. The expression of these CLDNs showed no cytotoxicity compared with mock cells. CLDN5, 7, and 18 increased p21 and decreased cyclin D1, resulting in the suppression of cell cycle G1-S transition. The expression of these CLDNs inhibited phosphorylation of Akt without affecting phosphorylated ERK1/2. Furthermore, these CLDNs inhibited the nuclear localization of Akt and its association with 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1). The suppression of G1-S transition caused by CLDN5, 7, and 18 was rescued by the expression of constitutively active-Akt. We suggest that the reduction of CLDN5, 7, and 18 expression loses the suppressive ability of interaction between PDK1 and Akt and causes sustained phosphorylation of Akt, resulting in the disordered proliferation in lung squamous carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Akizuki
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Shun Shimobaba
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Toshiyuki Matsunaga
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Satoshi Endo
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University
| | - Akira Ikari
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Gifu Pharmaceutical University.
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116
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Hsiue EHC, Lee JH, Lin CC, Yang JCH. Profile of the therascreen® EGFR RGQ PCR kit as a companion diagnostic for gefitinib in non-small cell lung cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2016; 16:1251-1257. [DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2016.1248414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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