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Napolitano G, Barone D, Di Meo S, Venditti P. Adrenaline induces mitochondrial biogenesis in rat liver. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2017; 50:11-19. [PMID: 29243009 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-017-9736-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effects of adrenaline administration and depletion (induced by reserpine) on rat liver oxidative metabolism. We showed that adrenaline increases, and reserpine decreases aerobic capacity (inferred by cytochrome oxidase activity) in tissue modifying the hepatic content of mitochondrial proteins without changing mitochondrial aerobic capacity. The changes in tissue cytochrome oxidase activity, which agreed with the expression levels of factors involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, such as PGC-1, NRF-1, and NRF-2, were associated with similar changes in tissue and mitochondrial State 3 respiration. Adrenaline and reserpine induced extensive lipid and protein oxidative damage in tissue and mitochondria. The increase in H2O2 release by respiring mitochondria and the decrease in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase and reductase contributed to the reserpine effect on oxidative damage. The adrenaline effect is more difficult to explain, since the hormone increased the antioxidant enzyme activities but, in respiring mitochondria, increased ROS release rate in the presence of succinate and decreased it in the presence of pyruvate/malate. These opposite changes were due to the increased content of the autoxidizable electron carrier located at complex III and decreased content of that located at complex I. Our data suggest that adrenaline can be involved in the mitochondrial population adaptation which verify in conditions in which an increased body energy expenditure verify such as cold exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetana Napolitano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Barone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Sergio Di Meo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Venditti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy.
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102
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Vargas-Ortiz K, Pérez-Vázquez V, Figueroa A, Díaz FJ, Montaño-Ascencio PG, Macías-Cervantes MH. Aerobic training but no resistance training increases SIRT3 in skeletal muscle of sedentary obese male adolescents. Eur J Sport Sci 2017; 18:226-234. [PMID: 29220206 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1406007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents has increased. A strategy for prevention and management of obesity is aerobic training (AT) due to its effectiveness to decrease fat mass. AT increases the content of SIRT3, a mitochondrial protein that increases the expression of PGC-1α and NFR1, thereby enhances mitochondrial function and metabolic health. Resistance training (RT) provides metabolic benefits but its effect on SIRT3 content is unknown. To compare the effect of AT and RT on SIRT3, PGC-1α and NRF-1 protein levels in skeletal muscle of sedentary obese adolescents. Twenty-seven sedentary obese male adolescents (age: 16.7 ± 0.9 years; BMI: 33.7 ± 4.3 kg/m2) completed a 1-month control period prior to randomization to one of two supervised exercise protocols: AT (3 days/week, 40 min/day, 70-80% peak heart rate) or RT (3 days/week, 11 exercises, 2 sets/exercise, 12 repetitions/set) for 12 weeks. Biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis muscle before and after 12 weeks to analyse SIRT3, PGC-1α and NRF-1 proteins content. Peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) and anthropometric variables were evaluated before and after training. AT increased SIRT3 content, which was associated with improvements in PGC-1α content and body fat percentage. RT did not affect SIRT3 or PGC-1α. VO2peak increased only in AT. The increase in muscle mitochondrial SIRT3 was observed only following AT. In contrast, RT increased muscle mass without improving SIRT3 in obese male adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katya Vargas-Ortiz
- a Department of Medical Science , University of Guanajuato , Guanajuato , Mexico
| | | | - Arturo Figueroa
- c Department of Nutrition, Food, and Exercise Sciences , Florida State University , Tallahassee , FL , USA
| | - Francisco J Díaz
- b Division of Health Science, Department of Applied Work Science , University of Guanajuato , Guanajuato , Mexico
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103
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Mitochondrial energy metabolism and signalling in human glioblastoma cell lines with different PTEN gene status. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2017; 50:33-52. [PMID: 29209894 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-017-9737-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas epidemiology and aggressiveness demand for a well characterization of biochemical mechanisms of the cells. The discovery of oxidative tumours related to chemoresistance is changing the prevalent view of dysfunctional mitochondria in cancer cells. Thus, glioblastomas metabolism is now an area of intense research, wherein was documented a high heterogeneity in energy metabolism and in particular in mitochondrial OxPhos. We report results gained by investigating mitochondrial OxPhos and bioenergetics, in a model of three human glioblastoma cell lines characterized by a different PTEN gene status. Functional data are analysed in relation to the expression levels of some main transcription factors and signalling proteins, which can be involved in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and activity. Collectively, our observations indicate for the three cell lines a similar bioenergetic phenotype maintaining a certain degree of mitochondrial oxidative activity, with some difference for PTEN-wild type SF767 cells respect to PTEN-deleted A172 and U87MG characterized by a loss-of-function point mutation of PTEN. SF767 has lower ATP content and higher ADP/ATP ratio, higher AMPK activating-phosphorylation evoking energy impairment, higher OxPhos complexes and PGC1α-Sirt3-p53 protein abundance, in line with a higher respiration. Finally, SF767 shows a similar mitochondrial energy supply, but higher non-phosphorylating respiration linked to dissipation of protonmotive force. Intriguingly, it is now widely accepted that a regulated mitochondrial proton leak attenuate ROS generation and in tumours may be at the base of pro-survival advantage and chemoresistance.
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104
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Cardoso SM, Correia SC, Carvalho C, Moreira PI. Mitochondria in Alzheimer's Disease and Diabetes-Associated Neurodegeneration: License to Heal! Handb Exp Pharmacol 2017; 240:281-308. [PMID: 28251365 DOI: 10.1007/164_2017_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a difficult puzzle to solve, in part because the etiology of this devastating neurodegenerative disorder remains murky. However, diabetes has been pinpointed as a major risk factor for the sporadic forms of AD. Several overlapping neurodegenerative mechanisms have been identified between AD and diabetes, including mitochondrial malfunction. This is not surprising taking into account that neurons are cells with a complex morphology, long lifespan, and high energetic requirements which make them particularly reliant on a properly organized and dynamic mitochondrial network to sustain neuronal function and integrity. In this sense, this chapter provides an overview on the role of mitochondrial bioenergetics and dynamics to the neurodegenerative events that occur in AD and diabetes, and how these organelles may represent a mechanistic link between these two pathologies. From a therapeutic perspective, it will be discussed how mitochondria can be targeted in order to efficaciously counteract neurodegeneration associated with AD and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana M Cardoso
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-517, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-789, Portugal
| | - Sónia C Correia
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-517, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-789, Portugal
| | - Cristina Carvalho
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-517, Portugal.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3030-789, Portugal
| | - Paula I Moreira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3004-517, Portugal. .,Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal.
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105
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Increase in Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Neuronal Cells by RNS60, a Physically-Modified Saline, via Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-Mediated Upregulation of PGC1α. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2017; 13:143-162. [PMID: 29188424 PMCID: PMC5928179 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-017-9771-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study highlights a novel approach to upregulate mitochondrial biogenesis in neuronal cells. RNS60 is a 0.9% saline solution containing oxygenated nanobubbles that is generated by subjecting normal saline to Taylor-Couette-Poiseuille (TCP) flow under elevated oxygen pressure. RNS60, but not NS (normal saline), PNS60 (saline containing a comparable level of oxygen without the TCP modification), or RNS10.3 (TCP-modified normal saline without excess oxygen), increased the expression of Nrf1, Tfam, Mcu, and Tom20 (genes associated with mitochondrial biogenesis) and upregulated mitochondrial biogenesis in MN9D dopaminergic neuronal cells. Similarly RNS60 also increased mitochondrial biogenesis in primary dopaminergic neurons and in the nigra of MPTP-intoxicated mice. However, RNS60 had no effect on lysosomal biogenesis. Interestingly, we found that RNS60 upregulated PGC1α and siRNA knockdown of PGC1α abrogated the ability of RNS60 to increase mitochondrial biogenesis. Furthermore, we delineated that RNS60 increased the transcription of Pgc1a via type IA phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase-mediated activation of cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB). Accordingly, knockdown of the PI3K – CREB pathway suppressed RNS60-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis. These results describe a novel property of RNS60 of enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis via PI 3-kinase-CREB-mediated up-regulation of PGC1α, which may be of therapeutic benefit in different neurodegenerative disorders.
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106
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Kim K, Ahn N, Jung S, Park S. Effects of intermittent ladder-climbing exercise training on mitochondrial biogenesis and endoplasmic reticulum stress of the cardiac muscle in obese middle-aged rats. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 21:633-641. [PMID: 29200906 PMCID: PMC5709480 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.6.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of intermittent ladder-climbing exercise training on mitochondrial biogenesis and ER stress of the cardiac muscle in high fat diet-induced obese middle-aged rats. We induced obesity over 6 weeks of period in 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats around 50 weeks old, and were randomly divided into four experimental groups: chow, HFD, exercise+HFD, and exercise+chow. The exercising groups underwent high-intensity intermittent training using a ladder-climbing and weight exercise 3 days/week for a total of 8 weeks. High-fat diet and concurrent exercise resulted in no significant reduction in body weight but caused a significant reduction in visceral fat weight (p<0.05). Expression of PPARδ increased in the exercise groups and was significantly increased in the high-fat diet+exercise group (p<0.05). Among the ER stress-related proteins, the expression levels of p-PERK and CHOP, related to cardiac muscle damage, were significantly higher in the cardiac muscle of the high-fat diet group (p<0.05), and were significantly reduced by intermittent ladder-climbing exercise training (p<0.05). Specifically, this reduction was greater when the rats underwent exercise after switching back to the chow diet with a reduced caloric intake. Collectively, these results suggest that the combination of intermittent ladder-climbing exercise training and a reduced caloric intake can decrease the levels of ER stress-related proteins that contribute to cardiac muscle damage in obesity and aging. However, additional validation is required to understand the effects of these changes on mitochondrial biogenesis during exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kijin Kim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Physical Education, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
| | - Nayoung Ahn
- Department of Physical Education, College of Physical Education, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
| | - Suryun Jung
- Department of Physical Education, College of Physical Education, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
| | - Solee Park
- Department of Physical Education, College of Physical Education, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
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107
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Suh KS, Chon S, Choi EM. Cytoprotective effects of xanthohumol against methylglyoxal-induced cytotoxicity in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 38:180-192. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Sik Suh
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, School of Medicine; Kyung Hee University; 1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Chon
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, School of Medicine; Kyung Hee University; 1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Choi
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, School of Medicine; Kyung Hee University; 1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu Seoul 02447 Republic of Korea
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108
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Wang J, Tang C, Wang Q, Su J, Ni T, Yang W, Wang Y, Chen W, Liu X, Wang S, Zhang J, Song H, Zhu J, Wang Y. NRF1 coordinates with DNA methylation to regulate spermatogenesis. FASEB J 2017; 31:4959-4970. [PMID: 28754714 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700093r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a highly coordinated process that requires tightly regulated gene expression programmed by transcription factors and epigenetic modifiers. In this study, we found that nuclear respiratory factor (NRF)-1, a key transcription factor for mitochondrial biogenesis, cooperated with DNA methylation to directly regulate the expression of multiple germ cell-specific genes, including Asz1 In addition, conditional ablation of NRF1 in gonocytes dramatically down-regulated these germline genes, blocked germ cell proliferation, and subsequently led to male infertility in mice. Our data highlight a precise crosstalk between transcriptional regulation by NRF1 and epigenetic modulation during germ cell development and unequivocally demonstrate a novel role of NRF1 in spermatogenesis.-Wang, J., Tang, C., Wang, Q., Su, J., Ni, T., Yang, W., Wang, Y., Chen, W., Liu, X., Wang, S., Zhang, J., Song, H., Zhu, J., Wang, Y. NRF1 coordinates with DNA methylation to regulate spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education (MOE), Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; and
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiqiang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huili Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; and
| | - Yuan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; .,Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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109
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Pérez-Sánchez C, Aguirre MÁ, Ruiz-Limón P, Ábalos-Aguilera MC, Jiménez-Gómez Y, Arias-de la Rosa I, Rodriguez-Ariza A, Fernández-Del Río L, González-Reyes JA, Segui P, Collantes-Estévez E, Barbarroja N, Velasco F, Sciascia S, Cecchi I, Cuadrado MJ, Villalba JM, López-Pedrera C. Ubiquinol Effects on Antiphospholipid Syndrome Prothrombotic Profile: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:1923-1932. [PMID: 28684614 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) leukocytes exhibit an oxidative perturbation, directly linked to alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and metabolism. This disturbance is related to the patients' prothrombotic status and can be prevented by in vitro treatment with coenzyme Q10. Our aim was to investigate short-term effects of in vivo ubiquinol (reduced coenzyme Q10 [Qred]) supplementation on markers related to inflammation and thrombosis in APS through a prospective, randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled trial. APPROACH AND RESULTS Thirty-six patients with APS were randomized to receive Qred (200 mg/d) or placebo for 1 month. Thirty-three patients with APS completed the intervention, which increased plasma coenzyme Q10. Qred improved endothelial function and decreased monocyte expression of prothrombotic and proinflammatory mediators, inhibited phosphorylation of thrombosis-related protein kinases, and decreased peroxides and percentage of monocytes with depolarized mitochondria; mitochondrial size was increased, and mitochondrial biogenesis-related genes were upregulated. Qred ameliorated extruded neutrophil extracellular traps in neutrophils and downregulated peroxides, intracellular elastase, and myeloperoxidase. Nanostring microRNA profiling revealed 20 microRNAs reduced in APS monocytes, and 16 of them, with a preponderance of cardiovascular disease-related target mRNAs, were upregulated. Monocytes gene profiling showed differential expression of 29 atherosclerosis-related genes, 23 of them changed by Qred. Interaction networks of genes and microRNAs were identified. Correlation studies demonstrated co-ordinated effects of Qred on thrombosis and endothelial function-associated molecules. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the potential of Qred to modulate the overexpression of inflammatory and thrombotic risk markers in APS. Because of the absence of clinically significant side effects and its potential therapeutic benefits, Qred might act as safe adjunct to standard therapies in APS. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02218476.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Pérez-Sánchez
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - María Ángeles Aguirre
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - Patricia Ruiz-Limón
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - María Carmen Ábalos-Aguilera
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - Yolanda Jiménez-Gómez
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - Iván Arias-de la Rosa
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - Antonio Rodriguez-Ariza
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - Lucía Fernández-Del Río
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - José Antonio González-Reyes
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - Pedro Segui
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - Eduardo Collantes-Estévez
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - Nuria Barbarroja
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - Francisco Velasco
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - Savino Sciascia
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - Irene Cecchi
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - María José Cuadrado
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - José Manuel Villalba
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.)
| | - Chary López-Pedrera
- From the Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain (C.P.-S., M.Á.A., P.R.-L., M.C.A.-A., Y.J.-G., I.A.-d.l.R., A.R.A., P.S., E.C.-E., N.B., F.V., C.L.-P.); Unidad de Gestión Clínica Reumatología (M.Á.A., E.C.-E., C.L.-P.), Unidad de Gestión Clínica Radiología (P.S.), and Unidad de Gestión Clínica Hematología (F.V.), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain; Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3 (L.F.-d.R., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.) and Departamento de Medicina (Medicina, Dermatología y Otorrinolaringología) (E.C.-E.), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; Lupus Research Unit, Hospital St Thomas, London, United Kingdom (M.J.C.); and Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Network for Rare Diseases, University of Turin, Italy (S.S., I.C.).
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Zhuo C, Zheng D, He Z, Jin J, Ren Z, Jin F, Wang Y. HSV-1 enhances the energy metabolism of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to promote virus infection. Future Virol 2017. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2017-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: To explore the underlying influence of HSV type-1 (HSV-1) infection on the energy metabolism of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs). Methods: UCMSCs (derived from different donors) were isolated from umbilical cord tissue, cultured and infected with HSV-1. Various virology and biochemical assays were used to assess cell viability and function, such as plaque formation assay and mitochondrial mass assay. Results: HSV-1 infection sharply activated mitochondrial biogenesis, increased glucose consumption, oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis of UCMSCs. Treatment with rotenone (a metabolism antagonist) and iodoacetic acid significantly blocked the proliferation of HSV-1 in UCMSCs. Conclusion: This study demonstrates, for the first time, that HSV-1 infection affects the energy metabolism process of UCMSCs. Treatment with the appropriate metabolism antagonists might improve the safety and efficacy of clinical stem cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiqin Zhuo
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science & Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Danlin Zheng
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science & Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Zhe He
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science & Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Ju Jin
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science & Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Zhe Ren
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science & Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Fujun Jin
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science & Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science & Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
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111
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Autism-Like Behaviours and Memory Deficits Result from a Western Diet in Mice. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:9498247. [PMID: 28685102 PMCID: PMC5480052 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9498247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, induced by a Western diet (WD), evokes central and peripheral inflammation that is accompanied by altered emotionality. These changes can be associated with abnormalities in social behaviour, hippocampus-dependent cognitive functions, and metabolism. Female C57BL/6J mice were fed with a regular chow or with a WD containing 0.2% of cholesterol and 21% of saturated fat for three weeks. WD-treated mice exhibited increased social avoidance, crawl-over and digging behaviours, decreased body-body contacts, and hyperlocomotion. The WD-fed group also displayed deficits in hippocampal-dependent performance such as contextual memory in a fear conditioning and pellet displacement paradigms. A reduction in glucose tolerance and elevated levels of serum cholesterol and leptin were also associated with the WD. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PPARGC1a) mRNA, a marker of mitochondrial activity, was decreased in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and dorsal raphe, suggesting suppressed brain mitochondrial functions, but not in the liver. This is the first report to show that a WD can profoundly suppress social interactions and induce dominant-like behaviours in naïve adult mice. The spectrum of behaviours that were found to be induced are reminiscent of symptoms associated with autism, and, if paralleled in humans, suggest that a WD might exacerbate autism spectrum disorder.
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112
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Skeletal Muscle Nucleo-Mitochondrial Crosstalk in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040831. [PMID: 28420087 PMCID: PMC5412415 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction, evidenced by incomplete beta oxidation and accumulation of fatty acid intermediates in the form of long and medium chain acylcarnitines, may contribute to ectopic lipid deposition and insulin resistance during high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. The present review discusses the roles of anterograde and retrograde communication in nucleo-mitochondrial crosstalk that determines skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations, specifically alterations in mitochondrial number and function in relation to obesity and insulin resistance. Special emphasis is placed on the effects of high fat diet (HFD) feeding on expression of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes (NEMGs) nuclear receptor factor 1 (NRF-1) and 2 (NRF-2) and peroxisome proliferator receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) in the onset and progression of insulin resistance during obesity and how HFD-induced alterations in NEMG expression affect skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations in relation to beta oxidation of fatty acids. Finally, the potential ability of acylcarnitines or fatty acid intermediates resulting from mitochondrial beta oxidation to act as retrograde signals in nucleo-mitochondrial crosstalk is reviewed and discussed.
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113
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Cioffi F, Senese R, Lasala P, Ziello A, Mazzoli A, Crescenzo R, Liverini G, Lanni A, Goglia F, Iossa S. Fructose-Rich Diet Affects Mitochondrial DNA Damage and Repair in Rats. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9040323. [PMID: 28338610 PMCID: PMC5409662 DOI: 10.3390/nu9040323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence indicates that many forms of fructose-induced metabolic disturbance are associated with oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondria are prominent targets of oxidative damage; however, it is not clear whether mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage and/or its lack of repair are events involved in metabolic disease resulting from a fructose-rich diet. In the present study, we evaluated the degree of oxidative damage to liver mtDNA and its repair, in addition to the state of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in the liver of rats fed a high-fructose diet. We used male rats feeding on a high-fructose or control diet for eight weeks. Our results showed an increase in mtDNA damage in the liver of rats fed a high-fructose diet and this damage, as evaluated by the expression of DNA polymerase γ, was not repaired; in addition, the mtDNA copy number was found to be significantly reduced. A reduction in the mtDNA copy number is indicative of impaired mitochondrial biogenesis, as is the finding of a reduction in the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. In conclusion, a fructose-rich diet leads to mitochondrial and mtDNA damage, which consequently may have a role in liver dysfunction and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cioffi
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
| | - Rosalba Senese
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Naples II, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
| | - Pasquale Lasala
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
| | - Angela Ziello
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Naples II, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
| | - Arianna Mazzoli
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80100 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Crescenzo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80100 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Liverini
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80100 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Antonia Lanni
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Naples II, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
| | - Fernando Goglia
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy.
| | - Susanna Iossa
- Department of Biology, University of Naples "Federico II", 80100 Napoli, Italy.
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114
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Fiorese CJ, Haynes CM. Integrating the UPR mt into the mitochondrial maintenance network. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 52:304-313. [PMID: 28276702 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2017.1291577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial function is central to many different processes in the cell, from oxidative phosphorylation to the synthesis of iron-sulfur clusters. Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction underlies a diverse array of diseases, from neurodegenerative diseases to cancer. Stress can be communicated to the cytosol and nucleus from the mitochondria through many different signals, and in response the cell can effect everything from transcriptional to post-transcriptional responses to protect the mitochondrial network. How these responses are coordinated have only recently begun to be understood. In this review, we explore how the cell maintains mitochondrial function, focusing on the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), a transcriptional response that can activate a wide array of programs to repair and restore mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Fiorese
- a Department of Molecular Cell and Cancer Biology , University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester , MA , USA.,b BCMB Allied Program , Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , NY , USA
| | - Cole M Haynes
- a Department of Molecular Cell and Cancer Biology , University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester , MA , USA.,b BCMB Allied Program , Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , NY , USA
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115
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Suh KS, Chon S, Choi EM. Actein protects against methylglyoxal-induced oxidative damage in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:207-214. [PMID: 26991449 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylglyoxal (MG) is an endogenous product of glucose metabolism known to be toxic to cells and to be present in elevated concentrations under certain pathophysiological conditions. In the present study the effect of actein isolated from black cohosh on MG-induced cytotoxicity was investigated in MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. RESULTS Treatment of MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells with actein prevented MG-induced cell death and the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial superoxide, inflammatory cytokines and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE). In addition, actein increased the activity of glyoxalase I and levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). These findings suggest that actein protects against MG-induced cell damage by reducing oxidative stress and increasing MG detoxification. Treatment with actein prior to MG exposure reduced MG-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by preventing mitochondrial membrane potential dissipation and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) loss. Additionally, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were significantly increased by actein, suggesting that actein may induce mitochondrial biogenesis. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that actein reduces MG-induced damage in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells by enhancing antioxidant defenses, the glyoxalase system and mitochondrial biogenesis. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Sik Suh
- Research Institute of Endocrinology, Kyung Hee University Hospital, 1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Chon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Choi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea
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116
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Qin G, Wang J, Sang N. Sulfur dioxide inhibits expression of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation genes encoded by both nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA in rat lungs. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:2527-2534. [PMID: 27822693 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7859-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies show that sulfur dioxide (SO2), a major air pollutant, is associated with the morbidity and mortality of respiratory tract diseases. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of SO2 on mitochondria and the corresponding molecular characterization in the lung. Male Wistar rats were exposed to 0, 3.5, 7, and 14 mg/m3 SO2 (4 h/day, 30 days). Mitochondrial dysfunction including decreases of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was observed in the lungs of rats after SO2 inhalation. We showed that total mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content was significantly decreased in the lungs from rats exposed to SO2. Furthermore, SO2 repressed the expression of complex IV and V subunits encoded by both nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mtDNA. Moreover, such changes were accompanied by depressions of three regulatory factors: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1), and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM). The findings suggest that SO2 exposure induced mitochondrial dysfunction in rat lungs. Both nDNA and mtDNA are involved in SO2-induced depression of mitochondrial biogenesis in the lungs. There might be a tissue-specific response of mitochondrial biosynthesis to SO2 inhalation. Such impairment may lead to cellular dysfunction and eventually lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Resources, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jiaoxia Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Resources, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environmental Science and Resources, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China.
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117
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Wang Z, Ye Z, Huang G, Wang N, Wang E, Guo Q. Sevoflurane Post-conditioning Enhanced Hippocampal Neuron Resistance to Global Cerebral Ischemia Induced by Cardiac Arrest in Rats through PI3K/Akt Survival Pathway. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:271. [PMID: 27965539 PMCID: PMC5127837 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this current study was to evaluate whether improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction was involved in the therapeutic effect of sevoflurane post-conditioning in global cerebral ischemia after cardiac arrest (CA) via the PI3K/Akt pathway. In the first experiment, animals were randomly divided into three groups: a sham group, a CA group, a CA+sevoflurane post-conditioning group (CA+SE). Sevoflurane post-conditioning was achieved by administration of 2.5% sevoflurane for 30 min after resuscitation. Sevoflurane post-conditioning has a significant neuroprotective effect by increasing survival rates and reducing neuronal apoptosis. Additionally, the gene and protein expression of PGC-1α, NRF-1, and TFAM, the master regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis, were up-regulated in the CA+SE group, when compared to the CA group. Similarly, in contrast to the CA group, mitochondria-specific antioxidant enzymes, including heat-shock protein 60 (HSP60), peroxiredoxin 3 (Prx3), and thioredoxin 2 (Trx2) were also increased in the CA+SE group. Finally, administration of sevoflurane ameliorated mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and maintained mitochondrial integrity. In the second experiment, we investigated the relationship between the PI3K/Akt pathway and mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondria-specific antioxidant enzymes in sevoflurane-induced neuroprotection. The selective PI3K inhibitor wortmannin not only eliminated the beneficial biochemical processes of sevoflurane by reducing the level of mitochondrial biogenesis-related proteins and aggravating mitochondrial integrity, but also reversed the elevation of mitochondria-specific antioxidant enzymes induced by sevoflurane. Therefore, our data suggested that sevoflurane post-conditioning provides neuroprotection via improving mitochondrial biogenesis and integrity, as well as increasing mitochondria-specific antioxidant enzymes by a mechanism involving the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Hainan General HospitalHaikou, China
| | - Zhi Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha, China
| | - Guoqing Huang
- Emergency Department, Affiliated Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha, China
| | - E Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha, China
| | - Qulian Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha, China
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118
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Bota DA, Davies KJA. Mitochondrial Lon protease in human disease and aging: Including an etiologic classification of Lon-related diseases and disorders. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 100:188-198. [PMID: 27387767 PMCID: PMC5183306 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The Mitochondrial Lon protease, also called LonP1 is a product of the nuclear gene LONP1. Lon is a major regulator of mitochondrial metabolism and response to free radical damage, as well as an essential factor for the maintenance and repair of mitochondrial DNA. Lon is an ATP-stimulated protease that cycles between being bound (at the inner surface of the inner mitochondrial membrane) to the mitochondrial genome, and being released into the mitochondrial matrix where it can degrade matrix proteins. At least three different roles or functions have been ascribed to Lon: 1) Proteolytic digestion of oxidized proteins and the turnover of specific essential mitochondrial enzymes such as aconitase, TFAM, and StAR; 2) Mitochondrial (mt)DNA-binding protein, involved in mtDNA replication and mitogenesis; and 3) Protein chaperone, interacting with the Hsp60-mtHsp70 complex. LONP1 orthologs have been studied in bacteria, yeast, flies, worms, and mammals, evincing the widespread importance of the gene, as well as its remarkable evolutionary conservation. In recent years, we have witnessed a significant increase in knowledge regarding Lon's involvement in physiological functions, as well as in an expanding array of human disorders, including cancer, neurodegeneration, heart disease, and stroke. In addition, Lon appears to have a significant role in the aging process. A number of mitochondrial diseases have now been identified whose mechanisms involve various degrees of Lon dysfunction. In this paper we review current knowledge of Lon's function, under normal conditions, and we propose a new classification of human diseases characterized by a either over-expression or decline or loss of function of Lon. Lon has also been implicated in human aging, and we review the data currently available as well as speculating about possible interactions of aging and disease. Finally, we also discuss Lon as potential therapeutic target in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela A Bota
- Department of Neurology and Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, UC Irvine School of Medicine, 200 S. Manchester Ave., Suite 206, Orange, CA 92868, USA.
| | - Kelvin J A Davies
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology of the Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA; Division of Molecular & Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, & Sciences, The University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
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119
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Koulmann N, Richard‐Bulteau H, Crassous B, Serrurier B, Pasdeloup M, Bigard X, Banzet S. Physical exercise during muscle regeneration improves recovery of the slow/oxidative phenotype. Muscle Nerve 2016; 55:91-100. [DOI: 10.1002/mus.25151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Koulmann
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département Environnements OpérationnelsBretigny‐Sur‐Orge France
- Ecole du Val‐de‐GrâceParis France
| | - Hélène Richard‐Bulteau
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département Environnements OpérationnelsBretigny‐Sur‐Orge France
| | - Brigitte Crassous
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département Environnements OpérationnelsBretigny‐Sur‐Orge France
| | - Bernard Serrurier
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département Environnements OpérationnelsBretigny‐Sur‐Orge France
| | - Marielle Pasdeloup
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département Environnements OpérationnelsBretigny‐Sur‐Orge France
| | - Xavier Bigard
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département Environnements OpérationnelsBretigny‐Sur‐Orge France
- Ecole du Val‐de‐GrâceParis France
| | - Sébastien Banzet
- Ecole du Val‐de‐GrâceParis France
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Département Soutien Médico‐Chirurgical des Forces1 rue du lieutenant Raoul Batany92140Clamart France
- INSERM U1197Clamart France
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120
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McGlory C, Devries MC, Phillips SM. Skeletal muscle and resistance exercise training; the role of protein synthesis in recovery and remodeling. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 122:541-548. [PMID: 27742803 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00613.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise results in the rapid remodeling of skeletal muscle. This process is underpinned by acute and chronic changes in both gene and protein synthesis. In this short review we provide a brief summary of our current understanding regarding how exercise influences these processes as well as the subsequent impact on muscle protein turnover and resultant shift in muscle phenotype. We explore concepts of ribosomal biogenesis and the potential role of increased translational capacity vs. translational efficiency in contributing to muscular hypertrophy. We also examine whether high-intensity sprinting-type exercise promotes changes in protein turnover that lead to hypertrophy or merely a change in mitochondrial content. Finally, we propose novel areas for future study that will fill existing knowledge gaps in the fields of translational research and exercise science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris McGlory
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada
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121
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Lumsden AL, Young RL, Pezos N, Keating DJ. Huntingtin-associated protein 1: Eutherian adaptation from a TRAK-like protein, conserved gene promoter elements, and localization in the human intestine. BMC Evol Biol 2016; 16:214. [PMID: 27737633 PMCID: PMC5064798 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0780-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Huntingtin-associated Protein 1 (HAP1) is expressed in neurons and endocrine cells, and is critical for postnatal survival in mice. HAP1 shares a conserved “HAP1_N” domain with TRAfficking Kinesin proteins TRAK1 and TRAK2 (vertebrate), Milton (Drosophila) and T27A3.1 (C. elegans). HAP1, TRAK1 and TRAK2 have a degree of common function, particularly regarding intracellular receptor trafficking. However, TRAK1, TRAK2 and Milton (which have a “Milt/TRAK” domain that is absent in human and rodent HAP1) differ in function to HAP1 in that they are mitochondrial transport proteins, while HAP1 has emerging roles in starvation response. We have investigated HAP1 function by examining its evolution, and upstream gene promoter sequences. We performed phylogenetic analyses of the HAP1_N domain family of proteins, incorporating HAP1 orthologues (identified by genomic synteny) from 5 vertebrate classes, and also searched the Dictyostelium proteome for a common ancestor. Computational analyses of mammalian HAP1 gene promoters were performed to identify phylogenetically conserved regulatory motifs. Results We found that as recently as marsupials, HAP1 contained a Milt/TRAK domain and was more similar to TRAK1 and TRAK2 than to eutherian HAP1. The Milt/TRAK domain likely arose post multicellularity, as it was absent in the Dictyostelium proteome. It was lost from HAP1 in the eutherian lineage, and also from T27A3.1 in C. elegans. The HAP1 promoter from human, mouse, rat, rabbit, horse, dog, Tasmanian devil and opossum contained common sites for transcription factors involved in cell cycle, growth, differentiation, and stress response. A conserved arrangement of regulatory elements was identified, including sites for caudal-related homeobox transcription factors (CDX1 and CDX2), and myc-associated factor X (MAX) in the region of the TATA box. CDX1 and CDX2 are intestine-enriched factors, prompting investigation of HAP1 protein expression in the human duodenum. HAP1 was localized to singly dispersed mucosal cells, including a subset of serotonin-positive enterochromaffin cells. Conclusion We have identified eutherian HAP1 as an evolutionarily recent adaptation of a vertebrate TRAK protein-like ancestor, and found conserved CDX1/CDX2 and MAX transcription factor binding sites near the TATA box in mammalian HAP1 gene promoters. We also demonstrated that HAP1 is expressed in endocrine cells of the human gut. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0780-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Lumsden
- Centre for Neuroscience and Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Richard L Young
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nektaria Pezos
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Damien J Keating
- Centre for Neuroscience and Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. .,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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122
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Sex dependent alterations in mitochondrial electron transport chain proteins following neonatal rat cerebral hypoxic-ischemia. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2016; 48:591-598. [PMID: 27683241 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-016-9678-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Males are more susceptible to brain mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction following neonatal cerebral hypoxic-ischemia (HI) than females. Mitochondrial biogenesis has been implicated in the cellular response to HI injury, but sex differences in biogenesis following HI have not been described. We tested the hypothesis that mitochondrial biogenesis or the expression of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) proteins are differentially stimulated in the brains of 8 day old male and female rats one day following HI, and promoted by treatment with acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR). There were no sex differences in mitochondrial mass, as reflected by the ratio of mitochondrial to nuclear DNA (mtDNA/nDNA) and citrate synthase enzyme activity present one day following HI or sham surgery. There was an increase in mtDNA/nDNA, however, in the hypoxic and ischemic (ipsilateral) hemisphere after HI in both male and female brains at one day post-injury, which was suppressed by ALCAR. Citrate synthase activity was increased in the ipsilateral hemisphere of ALCAR treated male and female brain. Most importantly, the levels of representative mitochondrial proteins present in ETC complexes I, II and IV increased substantially one day following HI in female, but not male brain. This sex difference is consistent with the increase in the mitochondrial biogenesis-associated transcription factor NRF-2/GABPα following HI in females, in contrast to the decrease observed with males. In conclusion, the female sex-selective increase in ETC proteins following HI may at least partially explain the relative female resilience to mitochondrial respiratory impairment and neuronal death that occur after HI.
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123
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Barone R, Sangiorgi C, Marino Gammazza A, D'Amico D, Salerno M, Cappello F, Pomara C, Zummo G, Farina F, Di Felice V, Macaluso F. Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Associated With Endurance Exercise on Muscle Fibres and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Coactivator 1 α Isoforms. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:1086-1094. [PMID: 27487028 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been reported to improve muscle hypertrophy, steroidogenesis, physical activity, and endurance capacity in mice, although the molecular mechanisms of its actions are not completely understood. The aim of the present study was to identify whether CLA alters the expression of any of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC1α) isoforms, and to evaluate the possible existence of fibre-type-specific hypertrophy in the gastrocnemius and plantaris muscles. Mice were randomly assigned to one of four groups: placebo sedentary, CLA sedentary, placebo trained, or CLA trained. The CLA groups were gavaged with 35 μl per day of Tonalin® FFA 80 food supplement containing CLA throughout the 6-week experimental period, whereas the placebo groups were gavaged with 35 μl sunflower oil each day. Each administered dose of CLA corresponded to approximately 0.7 g/kg or 0.5%, of the dietary daily intake. Trained groups ran 5 days per week on a Rota-Rod for 6 weeks at increasing speeds and durations. Mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and hind limb posterior muscle groups were dissected and used for histological and molecular analyses. Endurance training stimulated mitochondrial biogenesis by PGC1α isoforms (tot, α1, α2, and α3) but CLA supplementation did not stimulate PGC1α isoforms or mitochondrial biogenesis in trained or sedentary mice. In the plantaris muscle, CLA supplementation induced a fibre-type-specific hypertrophy of type IIx muscle fibres, which was associated with increased capillary density and was different from the fibre-type-specific hypertrophy induced by endurance exercise (of types I and IIb muscle fibres). J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1086-1094, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Barone
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudia Sangiorgi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Marino Gammazza
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniela D'Amico
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Monica Salerno
- Department of Forensic Pathology, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Cristoforo Pomara
- Department of Forensic Pathology, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.,Department of Anatomy, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - Giovanni Zummo
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Felicia Farina
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Felice
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Filippo Macaluso
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (BioNeC), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy.,eCampus University, Novedrate (CO), Italy
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124
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Bremer K, Kocha K, Snider T, Moyes C. Sensing and responding to energetic stress: The role of the AMPK-PGC1α-NRF1 axis in control of mitochondrial biogenesis in fish. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 199:4-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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125
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Taub PR, Ramirez-Sanchez I, Patel M, Higginbotham E, Moreno-Ulloa A, Román-Pintos LM, Phillips P, Perkins G, Ceballos G, Villarreal F. Beneficial effects of dark chocolate on exercise capacity in sedentary subjects: underlying mechanisms. A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled trial. Food Funct 2016; 7:3686-93. [PMID: 27491778 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00611f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In heart failure patients the consumption of (-)-epicatechin ((-)-Epi)-rich cocoa can restore skeletal muscle (SkM) mitochondrial structure and decrease biomarkers of oxidative stress. However, nothing is known about its effects on exercise capacity and underlying mechanisms in normal, sedentary subjects. Twenty normal, sedentary subjects (∼50 years old) were randomized to placebo or dark chocolate (DC) groups and consumed 20 g of the products for 3 months. Subjects underwent before and after treatment, bicycle ergometry to assess VO2 max and work, SkM biopsy to assess changes in mitochondrial density, function and oxidative stress and blood sampling to assess metabolic endpoints. Seventeen subjects completed the trial. In the DC group (n = 9), VO2 max increased (17% increase, p = 0.056) as well as maximum work (watts) achieved (p = 0.026) with no changes with placebo (n = 8). The DC group evidenced increases in HDL levels (p = 0.005) and decreased triglycerides (p = 0.07). With DC, SkM evidenced significant increases in protein levels for LKB1, AMPK and PGC1α and in their active forms (phosphorylated AMPK and LKB1) as well as in citrate synthase activity while no changes were observed in mitochondrial density. With DC, significant increases in SkM reduced glutathione levels and decreases in protein carbonylation were observed. Improvements in maximum work achieved and VO2 max may be due to DC activation of upstream control systems and enhancement of SkM mitochondria efficiency. Larger clinical studies are warranted to confirm these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pam R Taub
- University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, USA.
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126
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Webb AE, Kundaje A, Brunet A. Characterization of the direct targets of FOXO transcription factors throughout evolution. Aging Cell 2016; 15:673-85. [PMID: 27061590 PMCID: PMC4933671 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXO transcription factors (FOXOs) are central regulators of lifespan across species, yet they also have cell‐specific functions, including adult stem cell homeostasis and immune function. Direct targets of FOXOs have been identified genome‐wide in several species and cell types. However, whether FOXO targets are specific to cell types and species or conserved across cell types and throughout evolution remains uncharacterized. Here, we perform a meta‐analysis of direct FOXO targets across tissues and organisms, using data from mammals as well as Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila. We show that FOXOs bind cell type‐specific targets, which have functions related to that particular cell. Interestingly, FOXOs also share targets across different tissues in mammals, and the function and even the identity of these shared mammalian targets are conserved in invertebrates. Evolutionarily conserved targets show enrichment for growth factor signaling, metabolism, stress resistance, and proteostasis, suggesting an ancestral, conserved role in the regulation of these processes. We also identify candidate cofactors at conserved FOXO targets that change in expression with age, including CREB and ETS family factors. This meta‐analysis provides insight into the evolution of the FOXO network and highlights downstream genes and cofactors that may be particularly important for FOXO's conserved function in adult homeostasis and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E. Webb
- Department of Genetics Stanford University 300 Pasteur Drive Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Anshul Kundaje
- Department of Genetics Stanford University 300 Pasteur Drive Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Anne Brunet
- Department of Genetics Stanford University 300 Pasteur Drive Stanford CA 94305 USA
- Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging at Stanford Stanford CA 94305 USA
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127
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Srivastava S. Emerging therapeutic roles for NAD(+) metabolism in mitochondrial and age-related disorders. Clin Transl Med 2016; 5:25. [PMID: 27465020 PMCID: PMC4963347 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-016-0104-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a central metabolic cofactor in eukaryotic cells that plays a critical role in regulating cellular metabolism and energy homeostasis. NAD+ in its reduced form (i.e. NADH) serves as the primary electron donor in mitochondrial respiratory chain, which involves adenosine triphosphate production by oxidative phosphorylation. The NAD+/NADH ratio also regulates the activity of various metabolic pathway enzymes such as those involved in glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle, and fatty acid oxidation. Intracellular NAD+ is synthesized de novo from l-tryptophan, although its main source of synthesis is through salvage pathways from dietary niacin as precursors. NAD+ is utilized by various proteins including sirtuins, poly ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs) and cyclic ADP-ribose synthases. The NAD+ pool is thus set by a critical balance between NAD+ biosynthetic and NAD+ consuming pathways. Raising cellular NAD+ content by inducing its biosynthesis or inhibiting the activity of PARP and cADP-ribose synthases via genetic or pharmacological means lead to sirtuins activation. Sirtuins modulate distinct metabolic, energetic and stress response pathways, and through their activation, NAD+ directly links the cellular redox state with signaling and transcriptional events. NAD+ levels decline with mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced NAD+/NADH ratio is implicated in mitochondrial disorders, various age-related pathologies as well as during aging. Here, I will provide an overview of the current knowledge on NAD+ metabolism including its biosynthesis, utilization, compartmentalization and role in the regulation of metabolic homoeostasis. I will further discuss how augmenting intracellular NAD+ content increases oxidative metabolism to prevent bioenergetic and functional decline in multiple models of mitochondrial diseases and age-related disorders, and how this knowledge could be translated to the clinic for human relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarika Srivastava
- Virginia Tech Carilion Research Institute, 2 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, VA, 24016, USA.
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128
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Di Meo S, Reed TT, Venditti P, Victor VM. Role of ROS and RNS Sources in Physiological and Pathological Conditions. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:1245049. [PMID: 27478531 PMCID: PMC4960346 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1245049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 756] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
There is significant evidence that, in living systems, free radicals and other reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play a double role, because they can cause oxidative damage and tissue dysfunction and serve as molecular signals activating stress responses that are beneficial to the organism. Mitochondria have been thought to both play a major role in tissue oxidative damage and dysfunction and provide protection against excessive tissue dysfunction through several mechanisms, including stimulation of opening of permeability transition pores. Until recently, the functional significance of ROS sources different from mitochondria has received lesser attention. However, the most recent data, besides confirming the mitochondrial role in tissue oxidative stress and protection, show interplay between mitochondria and other ROS cellular sources, so that activation of one can lead to activation of other sources. Thus, it is currently accepted that in various conditions all cellular sources of ROS provide significant contribution to processes that oxidatively damage tissues and assure their survival, through mechanisms such as autophagy and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Di Meo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Tanea T. Reed
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, KY 40475, USA
| | - Paola Venditti
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Victor Manuel Victor
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), 46010 Valencia, Spain
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129
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Gabrielson M, Vorkapic E, Folkesson M, Welander M, Matussek A, Dimberg J, Länne T, Skogberg J, Wågsäter D. Altered PPARγ Coactivator-1 Alpha Expression in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Possible Effects on Mitochondrial Biogenesis. J Vasc Res 2016; 53:17-26. [DOI: 10.1159/000446653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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130
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Sádaba MC, Martín-Estal I, Puche JE, Castilla-Cortázar I. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) therapy: Mitochondrial dysfunction and diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:1267-78. [PMID: 27020404 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review resumes the association between mitochondrial function and diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, it summarizes the major role of IGF-1 as a mitochondrial protector, as studied in several experimental models (cirrhosis, aging …). The contribution of mitochondrial dysfunction to impairments in insulin metabolic signaling is also suggested by gene array analysis showing that reductions in gene expression, that regulates mitochondrial ATP production, are associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Moreover, reductions in oxidative capacity of mitochondrial electron transport chain are manifested in obese, insulin-resistant and diabetic patients. Genetic and environmental factors, oxidative stress, and alterations in mitochondrial biogenesis can adversely affect mitochondrial function, leading to insulin resistance and several pathological conditions, such as type 2 diabetes. Finally, it remains essential to know the exact mechanisms involved in mitochondrial generation and metabolism, mitophagy, apoptosis, and oxidative stress to establish new targets in order to develop potentially effective therapies. One of the newest targets to recover mitochondrial dysfunction could be the administration of IGF-1 at low doses. In the last years, it has been observed that IGF-1 therapy has several beneficial effects: restores physiological IGF-1 levels; improves insulin resistance and lipid metabolism; exerts mitochondrial protection; and has hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, antioxidant and antifibrogenic effects. In consequence, treatment of mitochondrial dysfunctions with low doses of IGF-1 could be a powerful and useful effective therapy to restore normal mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Sádaba
- University CEU-San Pablo, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), Madrid, Spain
| | - I Martín-Estal
- School of Medicine, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - J E Puche
- University CEU-San Pablo, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Institute of Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), Madrid, Spain
| | - I Castilla-Cortázar
- School of Medicine, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico; Fundación de Investigación HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain.
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131
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Qin G, Wu M, Wang J, Xu Z, Xia J, Sang N. Sulfur Dioxide Contributes to the Cardiac and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Rats. Toxicol Sci 2016; 151:334-46. [PMID: 26980303 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an association between sulfur dioxide (SO2) and an increase of morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases, such as ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and arrhythmia. Mitochondrion is the most sensitive organelle in myocardium of animals exposed to SO2 Here we study the molecular characterization of mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiac muscles of rat after SO2 exposure. We found that the cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), ATP contents, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contents, and mRNA expression of complexes IV and V subunits encoded by mtDNA were decreased after NaHSO3 treatment in vitro or SO2 inhalation in vivo The mitochondrial dysfunctions were accompanied by depressions of co-activator of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1, and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) mRNA and protein. We observed swollen mitochondria and lower amounts of cristae in hearts of rats after 3.5 mg/m(3) SO2 inhalation for 30 days. Interestingly, NaHSO3 induced mitochondrial dysfunctions marked by ΔΨm and ATP reduction could be inhibited by an antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NALC), accompanied by the restoration of transcriptional factors expressions. The cardiac mitochondrial dysfunctions could also be alleviated by overexpression of TFAM. SO2 induced abnormal left ventricular function was restored by NALC in vivo Our findings demonstrate that SO2 induces cardiac and mitochondrial dysfunction. And inhibition of reactive oxygen species and enhancing the transcriptional network controlling mitochondrial biogenesis can mitigate the SO2-induced mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Qin
- The College of Environmental Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Meiqiong Wu
- The College of Environmental Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Jiaoxia Wang
- The College of Environmental Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Zhifang Xu
- The College of Environmental Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Jin Xia
- The College of Environmental Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Nan Sang
- The College of Environmental Science and Resources, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
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132
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Tryon LD, Vainshtein A, Memme J, Crilly MJ, Hood DA. WITHDRAWN: Relationship between the regulation of muscle atrophy and mitochondrial turnover during chronic disuse. Integr Med Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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133
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Arachidonyl-2-Chloroethylamide Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia Injury Through Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β-Mediated Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Functional Improvement. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:1240-1253. [PMID: 26820679 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9731-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide (ACEA), a highly selective agonist of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R), has been reported to protect neurons in ischemic injury. We sought to investigate whether mitochondrial biogenesis was involved in the therapeutic effect of ACEA in cerebral ischemia. Focal cerebral ischemic injury was induced in adult male Sprague Dawley rats. Intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg/kg ACEA improved neurological behavior, reduced infarct volume, and inhibited apoptosis. The volume and numbers of mitochondria were significantly increased after ACEA administration. Expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam), nuclear transcription factor-1 (Nrf-1), and cytochrome C oxidase subunit IV (COX IV) were also significantly up-regulated in animals administered ACEA. One thousand nanomoles of ACEA inhibited mitochondrial dysfunction in primary rat cortical neurons exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Furthermore, ACEA administration increased phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) after reperfusion. Phosphorylation of GSK-3β induced mitochondrial biogenesis and preserved mitochondrial function whereas inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) dampened phosphorylation of GSK-3β and reversed induction of mitochondrial biogenesis and function following ACEA administration. In conclusion, ACEA could induce mitochondrial biogenesis and improve mitochondrial function at the beginning of cerebral ischemia, thus alleviating cerebral ischemia injury. Phosphorylation of GSK-3β might be involved in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis induced by ACEA.
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134
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Litwiniuk A, Pijet B, Pijet-Kucicka M, Gajewska M, Pająk B, Orzechowski A. FOXO1 and GSK-3β Are Main Targets of Insulin-Mediated Myogenesis in C2C12 Muscle Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146726. [PMID: 26785133 PMCID: PMC4718532 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myogenesis and muscle hypertrophy account for muscle growth and adaptation to work overload, respectively. In adults, insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 stimulate muscle growth, although their links with cellular energy homeostasis are not fully explained. Insulin plays critical role in the control of mitochondrial activity in skeletal muscle cells, and mitochondria are essential for insulin action. The aim of this study was to elucidate molecular mechanism(s) involved in mitochondrial control of insulin-dependent myogenesis. The effects of several metabolic inhibitors (LY294002, PD98059, SB216763, LiCl, rotenone, oligomycin) on the differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts in culture were examined in the short-term (hours) and long-term (days) experiments. Muscle cell viability and mitogenicity were monitored and confronted with the activities of selected genes and proteins expression. These indices focus on the roles of insulin, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) and forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) on myogenesis using a combination of treatments and inhibitors. Long-term insulin (10 nM) treatment in “normoglycemic” conditions led to increased myogenin expression and accelerated myogenesis in C2C12 cells. Insulin-dependent myogenesis was accompanied by the rise of mtTFA, MtSSB, Mfn2, and mitochondrially encoded Cox-1 gene expressions and elevated levels of proteins which control functions of mitochondria (kinase—PKB/AKT, mitofusin 2 protein—Mfn-2). Insulin, via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K)/AKT-dependent pathway reduced transcription factor FOXO1 activity and altered GSK-3β phosphorylation status. Once FOXO1 and GSK-3β activities were inhibited the rise in Cox-1 gene action and nuclear encoded cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV (COX IV) expressions were observed, even though some mRNA and protein results varied. In contrast to SB216763, LiCl markedly elevated Mfn2 and COX IV protein expression levels when given together with insulin. Thus, inhibition of GSK-3β activity by insulin alone or together with LiCl raised the expression of genes and some proteins central to the metabolic activity of mitochondria resulting in higher ATP synthesis and accelerated myogenesis. The results of this study indicate that there are at least two main targets in insulin-mediated myogenesis: notably FOXO1 and GSK-3β both playing apparent negative role in muscle fiber formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Litwiniuk
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Pijet
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, Pasteura 3, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maja Pijet-Kucicka
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Koszykowa 82A, 02-008, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Gajewska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Pająk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.,Electron Microscopy Platform, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre PAS, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Orzechowski
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.,Electron Microscopy Platform, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre PAS, Pawińskiego 5, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
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135
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Yao K, Zhang WW, Yao L, Yang S, Nie W, Huang F. Carvedilol promotes mitochondrial biogenesis by regulating the PGC-1/TFAM pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 470:961-6. [PMID: 26797282 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.01.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Carvedilol, a third-generation and nonselective β-adrenoceptor antagonist, is a licensed drug for treating patients suffering from heart failure in clinics. It has been shown that Carvedilol protects cells against mitochondrial dysfunction. However, it's unknown whether Carvedilol affects mitochondrial biogenesis. In this study, we found that treatment with Carvedilol in HUVECs resulted in a significant increase of PGC-1α, NRF1, and TFAM. Notably, Carvedilol significantly increased mtDNA contents and the two mitochondrial proteins, cytochrome C and COX IV. In addition, MitoTracker Red staining results indicated that treatment with Carvedilol increased mitochondria mass. Mechanistically, we found that the effect of Carvedilol on the expression of PGC-1α is mediated by the PKA-CREB pathway. Importantly, our results revealed that stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis by carvedilol resulted in functional gain of the mitochondria by showing increased oxygen consumption and mitochondrial respiratory rate. The increased expression of PGC-1α and mitochondrial biogenesis induced by Carvedilol might suggest a new mechanism of the therapeutic effects of Carvedilol in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yao
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiang Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Wayne W Zhang
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, 71103, USA
| | - Luyu Yao
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, 71103, USA
| | - Shu Yang
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, 71103, USA
| | - Wanpin Nie
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiang Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Feizhou Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Third Xiang Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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136
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Novin MG, Allahveisi A, Noruzinia M, Farhadifar F, Yousefian E, Fard AD, Salimi M. The relationship between transcript expression levels of nuclear encoded (TFAM, NRF1) and mitochondrial encoded (MT-CO1) genes in single human oocytes during oocyte maturation. Balkan J Med Genet 2015; 18:39-46. [PMID: 26929904 PMCID: PMC4768824 DOI: 10.1515/bjmg-2015-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In some cases of infertility in women, human oocytes fail to mature when they reach the metaphase II (MII) stage. Mitochondria plays an important role in oocyte maturation. A large number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), copied in oocytes, is essential for providing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during oocyte maturation. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between transcript expression levels of the mitochondrial encoded gene (MT-CO1) and two nuclear encoded genes, nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) in various stages of human oocyte maturation. Nine consenting patients, age 21–35 years old, with male factors were selected for ovarian stimulation and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedures. mRNA levels of mitochondrial-related genes were performed by singlecell TaqMan® quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). There was no significant relationship between the relative expression levels in germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes (p = 0.62). On the contrary, a significant relationship was seen between the relative expression levels of TFAM and NRF1 and the MT-CO1 genes at the stages of metaphase I (MI) and MII (p = 0.03 and p = 0.002). A relationship exists between the transcript expression levels of TFAM and NRF1, and MT-CO1 genes in various stages of human oocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ghaffari Novin
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Allahveisi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - M Noruzinia
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Farhadifar
- Deptartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - E Yousefian
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - A Dehghani Fard
- Sarem Cell Research Center (SCRC), Sarem Women's Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Salimi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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137
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Kim Y, Kim D, Good DJ, Park Y. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) influences muscle metabolism via stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis signaling in adult‐onset inactivity induced obese mice. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201500220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Kim
- Department of Food ScienceUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMAUSA
| | - Daeyoung Kim
- Department of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMAUSA
| | - Deborah J. Good
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and ExerciseVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVAUSA
| | - Yeonhwa Park
- Department of Food ScienceUniversity of MassachusettsAmherstMAUSA
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138
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Liu Z, Sancheti H, Cadenas E, Yin F. Energy-Redox Axis in Mitochondria: Interconnection of Energy-Transducing Capacity and Redox Status. OXIDATIVE STRESS AND DISEASE 2015. [DOI: 10.1201/b19420-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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139
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Afolayan AJ, Eis A, Alexander M, Michalkiewicz T, Teng RJ, Lakshminrusimha S, Konduri GG. Decreased endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and function contribute to impaired mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative stress in fetal lambs with persistent pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 310:L40-9. [PMID: 26519208 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00392.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired vasodilation in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction. We investigated the hypothesis that a decreased endothelial nitric oxide synthase level leads to impaired mitochondrial biogenesis and function in a lamb model of PPHN induced by prenatal ductus arteriosus constriction. We ventilated PPHN lambs with 100% O2 alone or with inhaled nitric oxide (iNO). We treated pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) from normal and PPHN lambs with detaNONOate, an NO donor. We observed decreased mitochondrial (mt) DNA copy number, electron transport chain (ETC) complex subunit levels, and ATP levels in PAECs and lung tissue of PPHN fetal lambs at baseline compared with gestation matched controls. Phosphorylation of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) and levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α) and sirtuin-1, which facilitate mitochondrial biogenesis, were decreased in PPHN. Ventilation with 100% O2 was associated with larger decreases in ETC subunits in the lungs of PPHN lambs compared with unventilated PPHN lambs. iNO administration, which facilitated weaning of FiO2 , partly restored mtDNA copy number, ETC subunit levels, and ATP levels. DetaNONOate increased eNOS phosphorylation and its interaction with heat shock protein 90 (HSP90); increased levels of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) mRNA, protein, and activity; and decreased the mitochondrial superoxide levels in PPHN-PAECs. Knockdown of eNOS decreased ETC protein levels in control PAECs. We conclude that ventilation with 100% O2 amplifies oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in PPHN, which are partly improved by iNO and weaning of oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeleye J Afolayan
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute and Cardiovascular Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and
| | - Annie Eis
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute and Cardiovascular Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and
| | - Maxwell Alexander
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute and Cardiovascular Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and
| | - Teresa Michalkiewicz
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute and Cardiovascular Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and
| | - Ru-Jeng Teng
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute and Cardiovascular Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and
| | | | - Girija G Konduri
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Research Institute and Cardiovascular Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and
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140
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Bartz RR, Suliman HB, Piantadosi CA. Redox mechanisms of cardiomyocyte mitochondrial protection. Front Physiol 2015; 6:291. [PMID: 26578967 PMCID: PMC4620408 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative and nitrosative stress are primary contributors to the loss of myocardial tissue in insults ranging from ischemia/reperfusion injury from coronary artery disease and heart transplantation to sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction and drug-induced myocardial damage. This cell damage caused by oxidative and nitrosative stress leads to mitochondrial protein, DNA, and lipid modifications, which inhibits energy production and contractile function, potentially leading to cell necrosis and/or apoptosis. However, cardiomyocytes have evolved an elegant set of redox-sensitive mechanisms that respond to and contain oxidative and nitrosative damage. These responses include the rapid induction of antioxidant enzymes, mitochondrial DNA repair mechanisms, selective mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy), and mitochondrial biogenesis. Coordinated cytoplasmic to nuclear cell-signaling and mitochondrial transcriptional responses to the presence of elevated cytoplasmic oxidant production, e.g., H2O2, allows nuclear translocation of the Nfe2l2 transcription factor and up-regulation of downstream cytoprotective genes such as heme oxygenase-1 which generates physiologic signals, such as CO that up-regulates Nfe212 gene transcription. Simultaneously, a number of other DNA binding transcription factors are expressed and/or activated under redox control, such as Nuclear Respiratory Factor-1 (NRF-1), and lead to the induction of genes involved in both intracellular and mitochondria-specific repair mechanisms. The same insults, particularly those related to vascular stress and inflammation also produce elevated levels of nitric oxide, which also has mitochondrial protein thiol-protective functions and induces mitochondrial biogenesis through cyclic GMP-dependent and perhaps other pathways. This brief review provides an overview of these pathways and interconnected cardiac repair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel R Bartz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine Durham, NC, USA ; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hagir B Suliman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine Durham, NC, USA ; Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine Durham, NC, USA
| | - Claude A Piantadosi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine Durham, NC, USA ; Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine Durham, NC, USA ; Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine Durham, NC, USA ; Durham Veterans Affairs Hospital Durham, NC, USA
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141
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Liu Q, Krishnasamy Y, Rehman H, Lemasters JJ, Schnellmann RG, Zhong Z. Disrupted Renal Mitochondrial Homeostasis after Liver Transplantation in Rats. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140906. [PMID: 26480480 PMCID: PMC4610703 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suppressed mitochondrial biogenesis (MB) contributes to acute kidney injury (AKI) after many insults. AKI occurs frequently after liver transplantation (LT) and increases mortality. This study investigated whether disrupted mitochondrial homeostasis plays a role in AKI after LT. METHODS Livers were explanted from Lewis rats and implanted after 18 h cold storage. Kidney and blood were collected 18 h after LT. RESULTS In the kidney, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) proteins ATP synthase-β and NADH dehydrogenase-3 decreased 44% and 81%, respectively, with marked reduction in associated mRNAs. Renal PGC-1α, the major regulator of MB, decreased 57% with lower mRNA and increased acetylation, indicating inhibited synthesis and suppressed activation. Mitochondrial transcription factor-A, which controls mtDNA replication and transcription, protein and mRNA decreased 66% and 68%, respectively, which was associated with 64% decreases in mtDNA. Mitochondrial fission proteins Drp-1 and Fis-1 and mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin-1 all decreased markedly. In contrast, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 increased markedly after LT, indicating enhanced mitophagy. Concurrently, 18- and 13-fold increases in neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cleaved caspase-3 occurred in renal tissue. Both serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen increased >2 fold. Mild to moderate histological changes were observed in the kidney, including loss of brush border, vacuolization of tubular cells in the cortex, cast formation and necrosis in some proximal tubular cells. Finally, myeloperoxidase and ED-1 also increased, indicating inflammation. CONCLUSION Suppression of MB, inhibition of mitochondrial fission/fusion and enhancement of mitophagy occur in the kidneys of recipients of liver grafts after long cold storage, which may contribute to the occurrence of AKI and increased mortality after LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinlong Liu
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yasodha Krishnasamy
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Hasibur Rehman
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - John J. Lemasters
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, United States of America
| | - Rick G. Schnellmann
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Zhi Zhong
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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142
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Satterstrom FK, Swindell WR, Laurent G, Vyas S, Bulyk ML, Haigis MC. Nuclear respiratory factor 2 induces SIRT3 expression. Aging Cell 2015; 14:818-25. [PMID: 26109058 PMCID: PMC4568969 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial deacetylase SIRT3 regulates several important metabolic processes. SIRT3 is transcriptionally upregulated in multiple tissues during nutrient stresses such as dietary restriction and fasting, but the molecular mechanism of this induction is unclear. We conducted a bioinformatic study to identify transcription factor(s) involved in SIRT3 induction. Our analysis identified an enrichment of binding sites for nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NRF-2), a transcription factor known to play a role in the expression of mitochondrial genes, in the DNA sequences of SIRT3 and genes with closely correlated expression patterns. In vitro, knockdown or overexpression of NRF-2 modulated SIRT3 levels, and the NRF-2α subunit directly bound to the SIRT3 promoter. Our results suggest that NRF-2 is a regulator of SIRT3 expression and may shed light on how SIRT3 is upregulated during nutrient stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Kyle Satterstrom
- Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Cambridge MA 02138USA
- Department of Cell Biology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - William R. Swindell
- Division of Genetics Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115USA
| | - Gaëlle Laurent
- Department of Cell Biology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Sejal Vyas
- Department of Cell Biology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Martha L. Bulyk
- Division of Genetics Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115USA
- Department of Pathology Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115USA
| | - Marcia C. Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology Harvard Medical School Boston MA 02115 USA
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143
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Yin F, Sancheti H, Liu Z, Cadenas E. Mitochondrial function in ageing: coordination with signalling and transcriptional pathways. J Physiol 2015; 594:2025-42. [PMID: 26293414 DOI: 10.1113/jp270541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction entailing decreased energy-transducing capacity and perturbed redox homeostasis is an early and sometimes initiating event in ageing and age-related disorders involving tissues with high metabolic rate such as brain, liver and heart. In the central nervous system (CNS), recent findings from our and other groups suggest that the mitochondrion-centred hypometabolism is a key feature of ageing brains and Alzheimer's disease. This hypometabolic state is manifested by lowered neuronal glucose uptake, metabolic shift in the astrocytes, and alternations in mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle function. Similarly, in liver and adipose tissue, mitochondrial capacity around glucose and fatty acid metabolism and thermogenesis is found to decline with age and is implicated in age-related metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. These mitochondrion-related disorders in peripheral tissues can impact on brain functions through metabolic, hormonal and inflammatory signals. At the cellular level, studies in CNS and non-CNS tissues support the notion that instead of being viewed as autonomous organelles, mitochondria are part of a dynamic network with close interactions with other cellular components through energy- or redox-sensitive cytosolic kinase signalling and transcriptional pathways. Hence, it would be critical to further understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the communication between mitochondria and the rest of the cell. Therapeutic strategies that effectively preserves or improve mitochondrial function by targeting key component of these signalling cascades could represent a novel direction for numerous mitochondrion-implicated, age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yin
- Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-9121, USA
| | - Harsh Sancheti
- Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-9121, USA
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-9121, USA
| | - Enrique Cadenas
- Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-9121, USA
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144
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van der Lee R, Szklarczyk R, Smeitink J, Smeets HJM, Huynen MA, Vogel R. Transcriptome analysis of complex I-deficient patients reveals distinct expression programs for subunits and assembly factors of the oxidative phosphorylation system. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:691. [PMID: 26369791 PMCID: PMC4570683 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1883-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transcriptional control of mitochondrial metabolism is essential for cellular function. A better understanding of this process will aid the elucidation of mitochondrial disorders, in particular of the many genetically unsolved cases of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) deficiency. Yet, to date only few studies have investigated nuclear gene regulation in the context of OXPHOS deficiency. In this study we performed RNA sequencing of two control and two complex I-deficient patient cell lines cultured in the presence of compounds that perturb mitochondrial metabolism: chloramphenicol, AICAR, or resveratrol. We combined this with a comprehensive analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear gene expression patterns, co-expression calculations and transcription factor binding sites. Results Our analyses show that subsets of mitochondrial OXPHOS genes respond opposingly to chloramphenicol and AICAR, whereas the response of nuclear OXPHOS genes is less consistent between cell lines and treatments. Across all samples nuclear OXPHOS genes have a significantly higher co-expression with each other than with other genes, including those encoding mitochondrial proteins. We found no evidence for complex-specific mRNA expression regulation: subunits of different OXPHOS complexes are similarly (co-)expressed and regulated by a common set of transcription factors. However, we did observe significant differences between the expression of nuclear genes for OXPHOS subunits versus assembly factors, suggesting divergent transcription programs. Furthermore, complex I co-expression calculations identified 684 genes with a likely role in OXPHOS biogenesis and function. Analysis of evolutionarily conserved transcription factor binding sites in the promoters of these genes revealed almost all known OXPHOS regulators (including GABP, NRF1/2, SP1, YY1, E-box factors) and a set of novel candidates (ELK1, KLF7, SP4, EHF, ZNF143, and TEL2). Conclusions OXPHOS genes share an expression program distinct from other genes encoding mitochondrial proteins, indicative of targeted nuclear regulation of a mitochondrial sub-process. Within the subset of OXPHOS genes we established a difference in expression between mitochondrial and nuclear genes, and between nuclear genes encoding subunits and assembly factors. Most transcription regulators of genes that co-express with complex I are well-established factors for OXPHOS biogenesis. For the remaining six factors we here suggest for the first time a link with transcription regulation in OXPHOS deficiency. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1883-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin van der Lee
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, PO BOX 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Radek Szklarczyk
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, PO BOX 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Clinical Genetics, Unit Clinical Genomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan Smeitink
- Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, PO BOX 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Hubert J M Smeets
- Unit Clinical Genomics, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, School for Growth and Development and for Cardiovascular Research, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Martijn A Huynen
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, PO BOX 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Rutger Vogel
- Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud university medical center, PO BOX 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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145
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Al-Kafaji G, Sabry MA, Skrypnyk C. Time-course effect of high-glucose-induced reactive oxygen species on mitochondrial biogenesis and function in human renal mesangial cells. Cell Biol Int 2015; 40:36-48. [PMID: 26251331 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the time-course effect of high-glucose-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) on mitochondrial biogenesis and function in human renal mesangial cells and the effect of direct inhibition of ROS on mitochondria. The cells were cultured for 1, 4, and 7 days in normal glucose or high glucose in the presence and absence of Mn(III)tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin chloride (MnTBAP) or catalase. Mitochondrial ROS production was assessed by confocal microscope. mtDNA copy number and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factors 1 (NRF-1), and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) transcripts were analyzed by real-time PCR. PGC-1α, NRF-1, and TFAM proteins were analyzed by Western blotting. Mitochondrial function was determined by assessing mitochondrial membrane potential and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. High glucose induced significant increases in mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) at day 1, which remained significantly elevated at days 4 and 7. The copy number of mtDNA and expression of PGC-1α, NRF-1, and TFAM were significantly increased at 1 day in high glucose but were significantly decreased at 4 and 7 days. A progressive decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential was observed at 1, 4, and 7 days in high glucose, and this was associated with decreased ATP levels. Treatment of cells with MnTBAP or catalase during high-glucose incubation attenuated ROS production and reversed the alterations in mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Increased mitochondrial biogenesis in human renal mesangial cells may be an early adaptive response to high-glucose-induced ROS, and prolonged ROS production induced by chronic high glucose decreased mitochondrial biogenesis and impaired mitochondrial function. Protection of mitochondria from high-glucose-induced ROS may provide a potential approach to retard the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Al-Kafaji
- Department of Molecular Medicine/Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Salmaniya Avenue, Road 2904, Building 293, Block 329, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Mohamed Abdalla Sabry
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Cristina Skrypnyk
- Department of Molecular Medicine/Al-Jawhara Centre for Molecular Medicine, Genetics and Inherited Disorders, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Salmaniya Avenue, Road 2904, Building 293, Block 329, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
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146
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Gomez-Cabrera MC, Salvador-Pascual A, Cabo H, Ferrando B, Viña J. Redox modulation of mitochondriogenesis in exercise. Does antioxidant supplementation blunt the benefits of exercise training? Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 86:37-46. [PMID: 25889822 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise increases the cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in muscle, liver, and other organs. This is unlikely due to increased mitochondrial production but rather to extramitochondrial sources such as NADPH oxidase or xanthine oxidase. We have reported a xanthine oxidase-mediated increase in ROS production in many experimental models from isolated cells to humans. Originally, ROS were considered as detrimental and thus as a likely cause of cell damage associated with exhaustion. In the past decade, evidence showing that ROS act as signals has been gathered and thus the idea that antioxidant supplementation in exercise is always recommendable has proved incorrect. In fact, we proposed that exercise itself can be considered as an antioxidant because training increases the expression of classical antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase and, in general, lowering the endogenous antioxidant enzymes by administration of antioxidant supplements may not be a good strategy when training. Antioxidant enzymes are not the only ones to be activated by training. Mitochondriogenesis is an important process activated in exercise. Many redox-sensitive enzymes are involved in this process. Important signaling molecules like MAP kinases, NF-κB, PGC-1α, p53, heat shock factor, and others modulate muscle adaptation to exercise. Interventions aimed at modifying the production of ROS in exercise must be performed with care as they may be detrimental in that they may lower useful adaptations to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Spain
| | - Andrea Salvador-Pascual
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Spain
| | - Helena Cabo
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Spain
| | - Beatriz Ferrando
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Spain
| | - Jose Viña
- Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Spain.
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147
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Heinonen S, Buzkova J, Muniandy M, Kaksonen R, Ollikainen M, Ismail K, Hakkarainen A, Lundbom J, Lundbom N, Vuolteenaho K, Moilanen E, Kaprio J, Rissanen A, Suomalainen A, Pietiläinen KH. Impaired Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Adipose Tissue in Acquired Obesity. Diabetes 2015; 64:3135-45. [PMID: 25972572 DOI: 10.2337/db14-1937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Low mitochondrial number and activity have been suggested as underlying factors in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. However, the stage at which mitochondrial dysfunction manifests in adipose tissue after the onset of obesity remains unknown. Here we examined subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) samples from healthy monozygotic twin pairs, 22.8-36.2 years of age, who were discordant (ΔBMI >3 kg/m(2), mean length of discordance 6.3 ± 0.3 years, n = 26) and concordant (ΔBMI <3 kg/m(2), n = 14) for body weight, and assessed their detailed mitochondrial metabolic characteristics: mitochondrial-related transcriptomes with dysregulated pathways, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) amount, mtDNA-encoded transcripts, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) protein levels. We report global expressional downregulation of mitochondrial oxidative pathways with concomitant downregulation of mtDNA amount, mtDNA-dependent translation system, and protein levels of the OXPHOS machinery in the obese compared with the lean co-twins. Pathway analysis indicated downshifting of fatty acid oxidation, ketone body production and breakdown, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, which inversely correlated with adiposity, insulin resistance, and inflammatory cytokines. Our results suggest that mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative metabolic pathways, and OXPHOS proteins in SAT are downregulated in acquired obesity, and are associated with metabolic disturbances already at the preclinical stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sini Heinonen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jana Buzkova
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum-Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maheswary Muniandy
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Risto Kaksonen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Siluetti Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miina Ollikainen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Khadeeja Ismail
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Hakkarainen
- Helsinki Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jesse Lundbom
- Helsinki Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nina Lundbom
- Helsinki Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katriina Vuolteenaho
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, University of Tampere School of Medicine and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eeva Moilanen
- The Immunopharmacology Research Group, University of Tampere School of Medicine and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Finnish Twin Cohort Study, Department of Public Health, Hjelt Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aila Rissanen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anu Suomalainen
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum-Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- Obesity Research Unit, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Abdominal Center, Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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148
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Yoshino M, Naka A, Sakamoto Y, Shibasaki A, Toh M, Tsukamoto S, Kondo K, Iida K. Dietary isoflavone daidzein promotes Tfam expression that increases mitochondrial biogenesis in C2C12 muscle cells. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:1193-9. [PMID: 26166229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction in muscles leads to a wide range of metabolic and age-related disorders. Recently, it has been reported that a natural polyphenol, resveratrol, affects mitochondrial biogenesis. This study aimed to identify other natural polyphenolic compounds that regulate mitochondrial biogenesis in muscles. For this purpose, we used the C2C12 murine muscle cell line. Screening involved a reporter assay based on the promoter of mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam). We found that several polyphenols exhibited the ability to increase Tfam promoter activity and that the soy isoflavone daidzein was a most potent candidate that regulated mitochondrial biogenesis. When C2C12 myotubes were treated with 25-50 μM daidzein for 24h, there were significant increases in the expression of Tfam and mitochondrial genes such as COX1 and Cytb as well as the mitochondrial content. Using several mutant Tfam promoter fragments, we found that the transcription factor, nuclear respiratory factor (NRF) and its coactivator, PGC1α, were necessary for the effect of daidzein on Tfam expression. Finally, silencing of sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) by shRNA resulted in inhibition of the daidzein effects on mitochondrial gene expression. In conclusion, daidzein regulates mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle cells by regulating transcriptional networks through a SIRT1-associated pathway. These results suggest that daidzein would be beneficial to protect against a wide range of diseases caused by muscle mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Yoshino
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Ayano Naka
- Institute of Environmental Science for Human Life, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Yuri Sakamoto
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Ayako Shibasaki
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Mariko Toh
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Sakuka Tsukamoto
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kondo
- Institute of Environmental Science for Human Life, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan
| | - Kaoruko Iida
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, 2-1-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan.
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149
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Lochmann TL, Thomas RR, Bennett JP, Taylor SM. Epigenetic Modifications of the PGC-1α Promoter during Exercise Induced Expression in Mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129647. [PMID: 26053857 PMCID: PMC4460005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcriptional coactivator, PGC-1α, is known for its role in mitochondrial biogenesis. Although originally thought to exist as a single protein isoform, recent studies have identified additional promoters which produce multiple mRNA transcripts. One of these promoters (promoter B), approximately 13.7kb upstream of the canonical PGC-1α promoter (promoter A), yields alternative transcripts present at levels much lower than the canonical PGC-1α mRNA transcript. In skeletal muscle, exercise resulted in a substantial, rapid increase of mRNA of these alternative PGC-1α transcripts. Although the β2-adrenergic receptor was identified as a signaling pathway that activates transcription from PGC-1α promoter B, it is not yet known what molecular changes occur to facilitate PGC-1α promoter B activation following exercise. We sought to determine whether epigenetic modifications were involved in this exercise response in mouse skeletal muscle. We found that DNA hydroxymethylation correlated to increased basal mRNA levels from PGC-1α promoter A, but that DNA methylation appeared to play no role in the exercise-induced activation of PGC-1α promoter B. The level of the activating histone mark H3K4me3 increased with exercise 2–4 fold across PGC-1α promoter B, but remained unaltered past the canonical PGC-1α transcriptional start site. Together, these data show that epigenetic modifications partially explain exercise-induced changes in the skeletal muscle mRNA levels of PGC-1α isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy L. Lochmann
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Ravindar R. Thomas
- Parkinson’s Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - James P. Bennett
- Parkinson’s Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Shirley M. Taylor
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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150
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de Andrade DC, de Carvalho SN, Pinheiro D, Thole AA, Moura AS, de Carvalho L, Cortez EAC. Bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation improves mitochondrial bioenergetics in the liver of cholestatic rats. Exp Cell Res 2015; 336:15-22. [PMID: 25978973 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with liver cholestatis. Toxic bile salt accumulation leads to chronic injury with mitochondrial damage, ROS increase and apoptosis, resulting in liver dysfunction. This study aimed to analyze mitochondrial bioenergetics in rats with hepatic fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) after BMMNC transplantation. Livers were collected from normal rats, fibrotic rats after 14 and 21 days of BDL (F14d and F21d) and rats that received BMMNC at 14 days of BDL, analyzed after 7 days. F21d demonstrated increased collagen I content and consequently decrease after BMMNC transplantation. Both F14d and F21d had significantly reduced mitochondrial oxidation capacity and increased mitochondrial uncoupling, which were restored to levels similar to those of normal group after BMMNC transplantation. In addition, F21d had a significantly increase of UCP2, and reduced PGC-1α content. However, after BMMNC transplantation both proteins returned to levels similar to normal group. Moreover, F14d had a significantly increase in 4-HNE content compared to normal group, but after BMMNC transplantation 4-HNE content significantly reduced, suggesting oxidative stress reduction. Therefore, BMMNC transplantation has a positive effect on hepatic mitochondrial bioenergetics of cholestatic rats, increasing oxidative capacity and reducing oxidative stress, which, in turn, contribute to liver function recover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Caldas de Andrade
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 3° andar, 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Simone Nunes de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 3° andar, 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daphne Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 3° andar, 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Alves Thole
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 3° andar, 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anibal Sanchez Moura
- Labotatory of Nutrition and Development Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 5° andar, 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lais de Carvalho
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 3° andar, 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Erika Afonso Costa Cortez
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Av. Prof. Manoel de Abreu 444, 3° andar, 20550-170 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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