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Chemotherapy and palliative care near end-of life: examining the appropriateness at a cancer institute for colorectal cancer patients. BMC Palliat Care 2018; 17:86. [PMID: 29914452 PMCID: PMC6006864 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-018-0339-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Appropriate cessation of chemotherapy and timely referral of patients to hospice services are crucial for the quality of care near death. We investigated the quality of care in our Cancer Institute in very advanced metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated in real life. PATIENTS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of electronic medical data of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who were candidates for chemotherapy during the study period (1 January 2007-30 June 2014) and died before 31 December 2014. Quality-of-cancer-care indicators were calculated for the overuse of chemotherapy and referral to hospice. Predictive factors of chemotherapy discontinuation and hospice referral in end-of life care were investigated using parametric and nonparametric methods. RESULTS Of the 365 patients who died before 31 December 2014, 26 (7.1%) received chemotherapy in the last 14 days of life and 36 (9.8%) started a new chemotherapy regimen in the last 30 days of life. Factors associated with the overuse of chemotherapy were being < 70 years of age for both indicators and not having received advanced chemotherapy treatments for the former indicator. The majority of patients (74.7%) had access to hospice services, of whom only a small percentage (7.2%) accessed them very near to death. CONCLUSIONS According to the criteria used, our Institute provides a good quality of cancer care for dying colorectal cancer patients, measured by the use of chemotherapy and referral to hospice in their last days of life.
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Bestvina CM, Wroblewski KE, Daly B, Beach B, Chow S, Hantel A, Malec M, Huber MT, Polite BN. A Rules-Based Algorithm to Prioritize Poor Prognosis Cancer Patients in Need of Advance Care Planning. J Palliat Med 2018; 21:846-849. [DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2017.0408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bobby Daly
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Brittany Beach
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Selina Chow
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Andrew Hantel
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Monica Malec
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael T. Huber
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Blase N. Polite
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Golčić M, Dobrila-Dintinjana R, Golčić G, Gović-Golčić L, Čubranić A. Physical Exercise: An Evaluation of a New Clinical Biomarker of Survival in Hospice Patients. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2018; 35:1377-1383. [PMID: 29699417 DOI: 10.1177/1049909118772566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Survival analysis is an important issue in palliative care. However, there is a lack of quality clinical biomarkers for assessing survival, especially in bedridden patients. Recent research supports the benefit of physiotherapy in palliative care, as majority of hospice patients are able to perform physical therapy. We propose the hypothesis that the difference in activity during physical exercise can be used as a biomarker of survival in hospice care. METHODS We examined 536 consecutive patients who performed physical exercises in our hospice from March 2013 to July 2017. Univariate, multivariate, and Kaplan-Meier analysis were performed to explore the association between the level of physical exercise activity and survival. RESULTS Physical exercises were performed by almost 70% of our hospice patients. The patients who initially performed active exercises lived longer, on average, compared to patients who only managed passive exercises (15 days vs 6 days, hazard ratio 0.60, 0.49-0.74). Surprisingly, the difference in survival based on the level of physical activity remained consistent regardless of the patient performance score, emphasizing its usefulness as an independent survival biomarker in a hospice setting. This tool also gave us an option to recognize a significant proportion of bedridden patients performing active exercises (30%), previously unrecognized using standard performance scales, exhibiting longer survival compared to others with the same performance score. CONCLUSION Patients' level of activity during physical exercises has the potential to be a valuable new clinical biomarker in palliative care, whether used individually or combined with commonly used performance scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marin Golčić
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Renata Dobrila-Dintinjana
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Goran Golčić
- 1 Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova, Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | - Aleksandar Čubranić
- 3 Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova, Rijeka, Croatia
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104
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While A. Getting palliative care right. Br J Community Nurs 2018; 23:154. [PMID: 29493277 DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2018.23.3.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alison While
- Emeritus Professor of Community Nursing, King's College London, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care and Fellow of the Queen's Nursing Institute
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105
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Burke K, Coombes LH, Menezes A, Anderson AK. The 'surprise' question in paediatric palliative care: A prospective cohort study. Palliat Med 2018. [PMID: 28627303 DOI: 10.1177/0269216317716061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The question 'would you be surprised if this patient died in the next 12-months' is widely used for identifying adult patients in the last year of life. However, this has not yet been studied in children. AIM To assess the prognostic accuracy of the surprise question when used by a multidisciplinary team to predict survival outcomes of children with life-limiting conditions over a 3 and 12 month period. DESIGN A prospective cohort study. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS Six multidisciplinary team members working in a children's hospice answered a 3 and 12 month surprise question about 327 children who were either newly referred or receiving care at the hospice between 2011 and 2013. RESULTS The prognostic accuracy of the multidisciplinary team for the 3 (and 12)month surprise question were: sensitivity 83.3% (83.3%), specificity 93.2% (70.7%), positive predictive value 41.7% (23.6%), negative predictive value 99% (97.5%) and accuracy 92.6% (71.9%). Patients with a 'no' response had an increased risk of death at 3 (hazard ratio, 22.94, p ⩽ 0.001) and 12 months (hazard ratio, 6.53, p ⩽ 0.001). CONCLUSION The surprise question is a highly sensitive prognostic tool for identifying children receiving palliative care who are in the last 3 and 12 months of life. The tool is accurate at recognising children during stable periods demonstrated through a high negative predictive value. In practice, this tool could help identify children who would benefit from specialist end of life care, act as a marker to facilitate communications on advance care planning and assist in resource allocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Burke
- 1 Caroline Menez Research Team, Oak Centre for Children and Young People, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - Lucy Helen Coombes
- 1 Caroline Menez Research Team, Oak Centre for Children and Young People, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK.,2 Shooting Star Chase Children's Hospice, Guildford, UK
| | | | - Anna-Karenia Anderson
- 1 Caroline Menez Research Team, Oak Centre for Children and Young People, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK.,2 Shooting Star Chase Children's Hospice, Guildford, UK
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106
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Dosani M, Tyldesley S, Bakos B, Hamm J, Kong T, Lucas S, Wong J, Liu M, Hamilton S. The TEACHH model to predict life expectancy in patients presenting for palliative spine radiotherapy: external validation and comparison with alternate models. Support Care Cancer 2018; 26:2217-2227. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-018-4064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Magarotto R, Lunardi G, Coati F, Cassandrini P, Picece V, Ferrighi S, Oliosi L, Venturini M. Reduced use of chemotherapy at the end of life in an integrated-care model of oncology and palliative care. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 97:573-7. [DOI: 10.1177/030089161109700506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aims and Background When there is little hope of a clinical benefit, too delayed a withdrawal from chemotherapy might be detrimental for a patient's quality of life. We evaluated appropriately timed cessation of chemotherapy in our Oncology Department after integration of a Supportive and Palliative Care Unit. Methods We carried out a review of deceased patients in our department from January 2006 to December 2009. Activities of the Supportive and Palliative Care Unit started in late 2007. We analyzed the characteristics of patients near the end of life and chemotherapy use within 30 days of death as an aggressiveness of cure index. Results During the considered period, 361 hospitalized patients died: 69 in 2006, 77 in 2007, 97 in 2008 and 118 in 2009; 102 never received chemotherapy. Sixty-one of the remaining 259 patients died within 30 days of the last drug administration. The percentage of patients receiving chemotherapy in their last 30 days fell from 19% in 2006 and 20% in 2007, to 16% in 2008 and 14% in 2009. Conclusions Supportive and Palliative Care Unit integration decreased chemotherapy use in the last 30 days of life. A careful evaluation of prognostic factors of advanced cancer patients and provision of appropriate supportive and palliative cares can reduce the use of futile anticancer chemotherapy and preserve a patient's qualify of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Magarotto
- Oncology Department, Ospedale Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Gianluigi Lunardi
- Oncology Department, Ospedale Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Francesca Coati
- Oncology Department, Ospedale Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Paola Cassandrini
- Oncology Department, Ospedale Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Vincenzo Picece
- Oncology Department, Ospedale Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Silvia Ferrighi
- Oncology Department, Ospedale Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Luciana Oliosi
- Oncology Department, Ospedale Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria, Negrar (VR), Italy
| | - Marco Venturini
- Oncology Department, Ospedale Sacro Cuore-Don Calabria, Negrar (VR), Italy
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108
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Ruggeri E, Agostini F, Fettucciari L, Giannantonio M, Pironi L, Pannuti F. Home Artificial Nutrition in Advanced Cancer Patients. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 99:218-24. [DOI: 10.1177/030089161309900216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Aims and background Malnutrition is over 50% in advanced cancer patients and is related to a decreased survival. Cachexia is the first reason for death in 4–23% of cases. The aim of the study was to estimate the appropriateness of the criteria to select patients for home artificial nutrition and its effectiveness to avoid death from cachexia and to improve quality of life in patients with advanced cancer assisted at home by the National Tumor Association (ANT) Foundation. Methods and study design The criteria for patient selection are: inadequate caloric intake ± malnutrition; life expectancy ≥6 weeks; suitable psycho-physical conditions; informed consent. The measured parameters were sex, age, tumor site, food intake, nutritional status, Karnofsky performance status, indication for home artificial nutrition, type of home artificial nutrition (enteral or parenteral), and survival after starting home artificial nutrition. Results The ANT Foundation assisted 29,348 patients in Bologna and its province from July 1990 to July 2012. Home artificial nutrition had been submitted to 618 patients (2.1%): enteral to 285/618 (46.1%) and parenteral to 333/618 (53.9%). Access routes for home artificial nutrition were: 39% nasogastric tube, 26% percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, 33% digiunostomy, and 2% gastrostomy. The central venous catheters used for home artificial nutrition were: 61% non-tunneled, 13 peripherally inserted, 8% partially tunneled, and 18% totally implanted. By July 2012, all the patients had died. Duration of life ≥6 weeks was 78% (484/618). Karnofsky performance status was related to survival (P <0.0001): one month after starting home artificial nutrition, it decreased in 73 patients (12%), was unchanged in 414 (67%), and increased in 131 (21%). Conclusions The low incidence of home artificial nutrition over all the patients assisted by the ANT Foundation and the achievement to avoid death from cachexia in 78% prove the efficacy of the criteria of patient selection in order to prevent its excessive and indiscriminate use. It was effective in maintaining and improving the performance status in 88% of patients. Karnofsky performance status is a reliable prognostic index to start home artificial nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Ruggeri
- ANT (Associazione Nazionale Tumori) Foundation, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Agostini
- ANT (Associazione Nazionale Tumori) Foundation, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luana Fettucciari
- ANT (Associazione Nazionale Tumori) Foundation, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marilena Giannantonio
- ANT (Associazione Nazionale Tumori) Foundation, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Loris Pironi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Franco Pannuti
- ANT (Associazione Nazionale Tumori) Foundation, S Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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Lissoni P, Brivio F, Fumagalli L, Messina G, Ghezzi V, Frontini L, Giani L, Vaghi M, Ardizzoia A, Gardani GS. Efficacy of Cancer Chemotherapy in Relation to the Pretreatment Number of Lymphocytes in Patients with Metastatic Solid Tumors. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 19:135-40. [PMID: 15255546 DOI: 10.1177/172460080401900208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The evidence of lymphocytopenia has been demonstrated to predict a poor prognosis in terms of survival in advanced cancer patients. This finding is not surprising because of the fundamental role of lymphocytes in mediating tumor cell destruction. Despite the importance of lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of cancer, there are only few data about the profile and the function of lymphocytes during the various antitumor therapies, and in particular the relation between lymphocyte pretreatment number and response to chemotherapy remains to be established. The present study was performed to evaluate whether the evidence of lymphocytopenia before the onset of treatment may influence the efficacy of chemotherapy in metastatic cancer patients affected by the most frequent tumor types. The study included 183 patients (lung cancer: 89; colorectal cancer: 63; breast cancer: 31), 95 of whom had been previously treated with chemotherapy. The chemotherapeutic regimens consisted of oxaliplatin plus 5-fluorouracil and folates in untreated colorectal cancer, weekly irinotecan in pretreated colorectal cancer, cisplatin plus gemcitabine or etoposide in untreated lung cancer, weekly vinorelbine in pretreated lung cancer, and taxotere in breast cancer patients who had been previously treated with anthracyclines. Lymphocyte count was considered to be abnormally low for values below 1500/mm3. Lymphocytopenia was found in 79/183 (43%) patients, without any significant differences in relation to tumor histology. A complete response (CR) was achieved in 6/104 patients with a normal lymphocyte count and in none of the 79 lymphocytopenic patients. A partial response (PR) was obtained in 39 patients with a normal lymphocyte count and in only eight patients with a low lymphocyte count prior to therapy. Therefore, irrespective of the type of chemotherapy, the objective tumor response rate (CR + PR) in lymphocytopenic patients was significantly lower than in patients with normal pretreatment lymphocyte counts (8/79 vs 45/104; p<0. 001). This study shows that the evidence of lymphocytopenia prior to chemotherapy is associated with a lower efficacy of treatment in terms of objective tumor regression rates in patients with metastatic solid tumors, and suggests that the action of chemotherapy may depend at least in part on an interaction with the antitumor immunity. Pretreatment lymphocyte count may represent a new, simple biological marker to be taken into consideration by oncologists in the chemotherapeutic treatment of metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lissoni
- Division of Radiation Oncology Clinical Surgery III, S. Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Milan, Italy
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110
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Uneno Y, Taneishi K, Kanai M, Okamoto K, Yamamoto Y, Yoshioka A, Hiramoto S, Nozaki A, Nishikawa Y, Yamaguchi D, Tomono T, Nakatsui M, Baba M, Morita T, Matsumoto S, Kuroda T, Okuno Y, Muto M. Development and validation of a set of six adaptable prognosis prediction (SAP) models based on time-series real-world big data analysis for patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy: A multicenter case crossover study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183291. [PMID: 28837592 PMCID: PMC5570326 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to develop an adaptable prognosis prediction model that could be applied at any time point during the treatment course for patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy, by applying time-series real-world big data. Methods Between April 2004 and September 2014, 4,997 patients with cancer who had received systemic chemotherapy were registered in a prospective cohort database at the Kyoto University Hospital. Of these, 2,693 patients with a death record were eligible for inclusion and divided into training (n = 1,341) and test (n = 1,352) cohorts. In total, 3,471,521 laboratory data at 115,738 time points, representing 40 laboratory items [e.g., white blood cell counts and albumin (Alb) levels] that were monitored for 1 year before the death event were applied for constructing prognosis prediction models. All possible prediction models comprising three different items from 40 laboratory items (40C3 = 9,880) were generated in the training cohort, and the model selection was performed in the test cohort. The fitness of the selected models was externally validated in the validation cohort from three independent settings. Results A prognosis prediction model utilizing Alb, lactate dehydrogenase, and neutrophils was selected based on a strong ability to predict death events within 1–6 months and a set of six prediction models corresponding to 1,2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 months was developed. The area under the curve (AUC) ranged from 0.852 for the 1 month model to 0.713 for the 6 month model. External validation supported the performance of these models. Conclusion By applying time-series real-world big data, we successfully developed a set of six adaptable prognosis prediction models for patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Uneno
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto city, Japan
| | - Kei Taneishi
- RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science, Kobe city, Japan
| | - Masashi Kanai
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto city, Japan
| | - Kazuya Okamoto
- Division of Information Technology and Administration Planning, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto city, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamamoto
- Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto city, Japan
- Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto city, Japan
| | - Akira Yoshioka
- Department of Palliative Care, Mitsubishi Kyoto Hospital, Kyoto city, Japan
| | - Shuji Hiramoto
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Mitsubishi Kyoto Hospital, Kyoto city, Japan
| | - Akira Nozaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kyoto Min-iren Chuo Hospital, Kyoto city, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nishikawa
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto city, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa city, Japan
| | - Teruko Tomono
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto city, Japan
| | - Masahiko Nakatsui
- Department of Clinical System Onco-Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto city, Japan
| | - Mika Baba
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Suita Tokushukai Hospital, Suita city, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morita
- Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu city, Japan
| | - Shigemi Matsumoto
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto city, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kuroda
- Division of Information Technology and Administration Planning, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto city, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okuno
- RIKEN Advanced Institute for Computational Science, Kobe city, Japan
- Department of Clinical System Onco-Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto city, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Manabu Muto
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto city, Japan
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111
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White N, Kupeli N, Vickerstaff V, Stone P. How accurate is the 'Surprise Question' at identifying patients at the end of life? A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Med 2017; 15:139. [PMID: 28764757 PMCID: PMC5540432 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-017-0907-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinicians are inaccurate at predicting survival. The 'Surprise Question' (SQ) is a screening tool that aims to identify people nearing the end of life. Potentially, its routine use could help identify patients who might benefit from palliative care services. The objective was to assess the accuracy of the SQ by time scale, clinician, and speciality. METHODS Searches were completed on Medline, Embase, CINAHL, AMED, Science Citation Index, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Open Grey literature (all from inception to November 2016). Studies were included if they reported the SQ and were written in English. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS A total of 26 papers were included in the review, of which 22 reported a complete data set. There were 25,718 predictions of survival made in response to the SQ. The c-statistic of the SQ ranged from 0.512 to 0.822. In the meta-analysis, the pooled accuracy level was 74.8% (95% CI 68.6-80.5). There was a negligible difference in timescale of the SQ. Doctors appeared to be more accurate than nurses at recognising people in the last year of life (c-statistic = 0.735 vs. 0.688), and the SQ seemed more accurate in an oncology setting 76.1% (95% CI 69.7-86.3). CONCLUSIONS There was a wide degree of accuracy, from poor to reasonable, reported across studies using the SQ. Further work investigating how the SQ could be used alongside other prognostic tools to increase the identification of people who would benefit from palliative care is warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42016046564 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola White
- Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK.
| | - Nuriye Kupeli
- Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - Victoria Vickerstaff
- Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
| | - Patrick Stone
- Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 7NF, UK
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Liu Y, von Eyben R, Kidd EA. Consideration of patient and disease characteristics in selecting radiation regimens for treatment of bone metastases. Pract Radiat Oncol 2017; 7:403-410. [PMID: 28751228 DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation therapy is one of the mainstays of treatment for painful bone metastases; however, the optimal fractionation and dosing of radiation for a given patient and disease characteristics are still subject to debate. METHODS AND MATERIALS We retrospectively examined 475 patients who received radiation for bone metastases at our institution from 2009 through 2014 and evaluated survival outcomes based on parameters of their first treatment course and patient demographics. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to analyze factors associated with overall survival (OS). A recursive partition analysis (RPA) was used to generate a decision tree of patient characteristics resulting in significant differences in survival. A Cox model was used to verify the RPA and evaluate the significance of biologically equivalent dose (BED) along with other factors. RESULTS In our cohort, median age was 62 years and median Karnofsky performance status (KPS) was 70. Survival time by primary tumor type: breast (median, 35.9 months), prostate (12.8 months), other (median, 11.0 months), lung (median, 5.3 months), and gastrointestinal (median, 4.0 months) (P < .0001). Primary tumor type and KPS significantly affected survival, whereas age was also significant for survival in certain primary tumor types. Pain control was not found to be significantly affected by primary tumor type (P = .72) or BED (P = .14). CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that selection of radiation fractionation schedules should take into account primary tumor type, KPS, and age, and we have generated an RPA model including these factors to help guide decision making. We also found that shorter fractionation schedules are as effective as longer fractionation schedules for pain control, regardless of primary tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Liu
- Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Rie von Eyben
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford Comprehensive Cancer Center, Stanford, California
| | - Elizabeth A Kidd
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford Comprehensive Cancer Center, Stanford, California.
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113
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Baker CM, Glenn CA, Briggs RG, Burks JD, Smitherman AD, Conner AK, Williams AE, Malik MU, Algan O, Sughrue ME. Simultaneous Resection of Multiple Metastatic Brain Tumors with Multiple Keyhole Craniotomies. World Neurosurg 2017; 106:359-367. [PMID: 28652117 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.06.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proper management of symptomatic patients with 2 or more brain metastases is not entirely clear, and the surgical outcomes of these patients undergoing multiple simultaneous craniotomies have not been well described. In this article, we describe patient outcomes after simultaneously resecting metastatic lesions through multiple keyhole craniotomies. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of data obtained for all patients undergoing resection of multiple brain metastases in one operation between 2014 and 2016. We describe a technique for resecting multiple metastatic lesions and share the patient outcomes of this operation. RESULTS Twenty patients with 46 tumor resections were included in the study. The primary site of metastases for the majority of patients was lung, followed by melanoma, renal, breast, colon, and testes. Nine of 20 (45%) patients had 2 preoperative intracranial lesions, and 11 (55%) had three or more. Karnofsky performance scales were calculated for 14 patients: postoperatively 10 of 14 (71%) scores improved, 2 of 14 (14%) worsened, and 2 of 14 (14%) remained unchanged. After surgery, 9 of 14 (64%) patients were weaned off steroids by 2-month follow-up. The overall median survival time from date of surgery was 10.8 months. CONCLUSIONS We present patient outcomes after simultaneously resecting metastatic brain tumors through multiple keyhole craniotomies in symptomatic patients. Our results suggest comparable outcomes and similar surgical risk compared with those undergoing resection of a single brain metastasis. Resection of multiple brain metastases may improve Karnofsky Performance Scale scores in the early postoperative period and allow patients to be weaned from steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordell Michael Baker
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
| | - Chad A Glenn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Robert G Briggs
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Joshua D Burks
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Adam D Smitherman
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Andrew K Conner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Allison E Williams
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Muhammad U Malik
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Ozer Algan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Michael E Sughrue
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
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Reid VL, McDonald R, Nwosu AC, Mason SR, Probert C, Ellershaw JE, Coyle S. A systematically structured review of biomarkers of dying in cancer patients in the last months of life; An exploration of the biology of dying. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175123. [PMID: 28384249 PMCID: PMC5383239 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Neuberger review made a number of recommendations to improve end of life care, including research into the biology of dying. An important aspect of the biology of dying is the identification of biomarkers as indices of disease processes. Biomarkers have the potential to inform the current, limited understanding of the dying process and assist clinicians in recognising dying, in particular how to distinguish dying from reversible acute deterioration. OBJECTIVES To critically appraise the literature on biological factors that may be used as prognostic indicators in advanced cancer patients and to identify candidate biomarkers of the dying process that can be measured serially in cancer patients' bodily fluids. METHODS A systematically structured review was conducted using three electronic databases. A hand search of six peer-reviewed journals and conference abstracts was also conducted. Studies reporting prognostic biomarkers in cancer patients with a median survival of ≤90 days and post-mortem studies were included. Final levels of evidence and recommendations were made using the Evidence Based Medicine modified GRADE system. RESULTS 30 articles were included. Seven prognostic biological factors demonstrated Grade A evidence (lymphocyte count, white blood cell count, serum C-reactive protein, albumin, sodium, urea and alkaline phosphatase). An additional eleven prognostic factors were identified with Grade B evidence (platelet count, international normalised ratio, serum vitamin B12, prealbumin, bilirubin, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, pseudocholinesterase and urate). A number of biomarkers were specifically identified in the last two weeks of life but limitations exist. No post-mortem studies met the inclusion criteria. CONCLUSION The biology of dying is an important area for future research, with the evidence focused on signs, symptoms and prognostic factors. This review identifies a number of common themes shared amongst advanced cancer patients and highlights candidate biomarkers which may be indicative of a common biological process to dying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Louise Reid
- The Marie Curie Palliative Care Institute Liverpool, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael McDonald
- Renal Medicine, Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Amara Callistus Nwosu
- The Marie Curie Palliative Care Institute Liverpool, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen R. Mason
- The Marie Curie Palliative Care Institute Liverpool, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Probert
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - John E. Ellershaw
- The Marie Curie Palliative Care Institute Liverpool, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Séamus Coyle
- The Marie Curie Palliative Care Institute Liverpool, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Omichi M, Konoike S, Yamada Y, Takahashi A, Narita M, Aonuma K, Munakata Y, Yamamoto N, Sugimoto N. Development of Biological Prognostic Score Versions 2 and 3 for Advanced Cancer Patients and a Prospective Study on the Prediction Accuracy: Comparison with the Palliative Prognostic Index. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.2512/jspm.12.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuji Yamada
- Department of Palliative Care, Aiwa Hospital
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Yoon SJ, Suh SY, Lee YJ, Park J, Hwang S, Lee SS, Ahn HY, Koh SJ, Park KU. Prospective Validation of Objective Prognostic Score for Advanced Cancer Inpatients in South Korea: A Multicenter Study. J Palliat Med 2017; 20:65-68. [DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2016.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seok Joon Yoon
- Department of Family Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sang-Yeon Suh
- Department of Medicine, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Yong Joo Lee
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeanno Park
- Palliative Care and Hospice Center, Bobath Memorial Hospital, Sungnam, South Korea
| | - Sunwook Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sanghee Shiny Lee
- Department of Statistics, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong Yup Ahn
- Department of Statistics, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su-Jin Koh
- Department of Hemato-oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Keon Uk Park
- Department of Hemato-oncology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
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Yamada T, Morita T, Maeda I, Inoue S, Ikenaga M, Matsumoto Y, Baba M, Sekine R, Yamaguchi T, Hirohashi T, Tajima T, Tatara R, Watanabe H, Otani H, Takigawa C, Matsuda Y, Ono S, Ozawa T, Yamamoto R, Shishido H, Yamamoto N. A prospective, multicenter cohort study to validate a simple performance status-based survival prediction system for oncologists. Cancer 2016; 123:1442-1452. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yamada
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery; Nippon Medical School; Tokyo Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morita
- Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital; Hamamatsu Japan
| | - Isseki Maeda
- Department of Palliative Medicine; Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University; Osaka Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital; Hamamatsu Japan
| | - Masayuki Ikenaga
- Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital; Osaka Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Matsumoto
- Department of Palliative Medicine; National Cancer Center Hospital East; Kashiwa Japan
| | - Mika Baba
- Department of Palliative Care; Saito Yukoukai Hospital; Osaka Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sekine
- Department of Pain and Palliative Care; Kameda Medical Center; Kamogawa City Japan
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Department of Palliative Medicine; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
| | | | - Tsukasa Tajima
- Department of Palliative Medicine; Tohoku University Hospital; Sendai Japan
| | - Ryohei Tatara
- Department of Palliative Medicine; Osaka City General Hospital; Osaka Japan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Otani
- Department of Palliative Care Team and Palliative and Supportive Care; National Kyushu Cancer Center; Fukuoka Japan
| | - Chizuko Takigawa
- Department of Palliative Care; KKR Sapporo Medical Center; Sapporo Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Matsuda
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine; National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center; Osaka Japan
| | - Shigeki Ono
- Division of Palliative Medicine, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital; Suntou-Gun Japan
| | | | - Ryo Yamamoto
- Department of Palliative Medicine; Saku Central Hospital Advanced Care Center; Nagano Japan
| | | | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Department of Primary Care Service; Shinsei Hospital; Nagano Japan
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Predictors of response to corticosteroids for dyspnea in advanced cancer patients: a preliminary multicenter prospective observational study. Support Care Cancer 2016; 25:1169-1181. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-016-3507-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Alsirafy SA, Zaki O, Sakr AY, Farag DE, El-Sherief WA, Mohammed AA. The Use of the Chuang's Prognostic Scale to Predict the Survival of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients Receiving Palliative Systemic Anticancer Therapy. Indian J Palliat Care 2016; 22:312-6. [PMID: 27559261 PMCID: PMC4973493 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1075.185043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increasing number of agents active against cancer, advanced cancer patients including metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients may continue receiving palliative systemic anticancer therapy (PSAT) near the end-of-life. Validated palliative prognostic models, such as the Chuang's prognostic scale (CPS), may be helpful in identifying mCRC patients with limited survival who are unlikely to benefit from PSAT. AIM To test the ability of the CPS to predict the survival of mCRC under treatment with PSAT. METHODS CPS was prospectively assessed in 36 mCRC patients who were receiving PSAT. The scale is based on eight items: ascites, edema, cognitive impairment, liver and lung metastases, performance status, tiredness, and weight loss. The total CPS score ranges from 0 to 8.5 with the higher score indicating worse prognosis. RESULTS Patients were divided into two groups using a CPS cutoff score of 5, Group 1 with a CPS score ≤5 and Group 2 with a CPS score >5. Using this cutoff value, 3-month mortality was predicted with a positive predictive value of 71%, a negative predictive value of 77%, a sensitivity of 67%, a specificity of 81% and an overall accuracy of 75%. Group 1 patients had a longer median survival of 149 days (95% confidence interval [CI]: 82-216) in comparison to Group 2 patients who had a median survival of 61 days (95% CI: 35-87). The difference in survival was statistically significant (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION CPS may be useful in identifying mCRC patients with limited survival who are unlikely to benefit from PSAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy A Alsirafy
- Kasr Al Ainy Center of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Palliative Medicine Unit, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omar Zaki
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kasr Al Ainy Center of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Y Sakr
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kasr Al Ainy Center of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina E Farag
- Kasr Al Ainy Center of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Palliative Medicine Unit, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wessam A El-Sherief
- Kasr Al Ainy Center of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Palliative Medicine Unit, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abha A Mohammed
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Kasr Al Ainy Center of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Kasr Al Ainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Al Amal Oncology Center, Aden, Yemen
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White N, Reid F, Harris A, Harries P, Stone P. A Systematic Review of Predictions of Survival in Palliative Care: How Accurate Are Clinicians and Who Are the Experts? PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161407. [PMID: 27560380 PMCID: PMC4999179 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prognostic accuracy in palliative care is valued by patients, carers, and healthcare professionals. Previous reviews suggest clinicians are inaccurate at survival estimates, but have only reported the accuracy of estimates on patients with a cancer diagnosis. Objectives To examine the accuracy of clinicians’ estimates of survival and to determine if any clinical profession is better at doing so than another. Data Sources MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Trials. All databases were searched from the start of the database up to June 2015. Reference lists of eligible articles were also checked. Eligibility Criteria Inclusion criteria: patients over 18, palliative population and setting, quantifiable estimate based on real patients, full publication written in English. Exclusion criteria: if the estimate was following an intervention, such as surgery, or the patient was artificially ventilated or in intensive care. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods A quality assessment was completed with the QUIPS tool. Data on the reported accuracy of estimates and information about the clinicians were extracted. Studies were grouped by type of estimate: categorical (the clinician had a predetermined list of outcomes to choose from), continuous (open-ended estimate), or probabilistic (likelihood of surviving a particular time frame). Results 4,642 records were identified; 42 studies fully met the review criteria. Wide variation was shown with categorical estimates (range 23% to 78%) and continuous estimates ranged between an underestimate of 86 days to an overestimate of 93 days. The four papers which used probabilistic estimates tended to show greater accuracy (c-statistics of 0.74–0.78). Information available about the clinicians providing the estimates was limited. Overall, there was no clear “expert” subgroup of clinicians identified. Limitations High heterogeneity limited the analyses possible and prevented an overall accuracy being reported. Data were extracted using a standardised tool, by one reviewer, which could have introduced bias. Devising search terms for prognostic studies is challenging. Every attempt was made to devise search terms that were sufficiently sensitive to detect all prognostic studies; however, it remains possible that some studies were not identified. Conclusion Studies of prognostic accuracy in palliative care are heterogeneous, but the evidence suggests that clinicians’ predictions are frequently inaccurate. No sub-group of clinicians was consistently shown to be more accurate than any other. Implications of Key Findings Further research is needed to understand how clinical predictions are formulated and how their accuracy can be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola White
- Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Fiona Reid
- Department of Primary Care & Public Health Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Harris
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Priscilla Harries
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Brunel University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Stone
- Marie Curie Palliative Care Research Department, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Ohno E, Abe M, Sasaki H, Okuhiro K. Validation of 2 Prognostic Models in Hospitalized Patients With Advanced Hematological Malignancies in Japan. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2016; 34:258-262. [DOI: 10.1177/1049909115615567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced hematological malignancies are less likely to be referred to specialist palliative care services compared with patients having solid tumors. It has been reported that one of the most important reasons for the lack of referral is difficulties in the prognostication of terminally ill patients with hematologic malignancies. The study objective was to evaluate the predictive accuracy of the Palliative Prognostic Index (PPI) and the prognostic model developed by Kripp et al in hospitalized patients under the care of a hematologist. Using clinical charts, we retrospectively calculated the above scores. We reviewed the records of 114 patients admitted to the hematology ward. The inclusion criterion was patient with disease considered incurable using standard treatments. The prognostic models were assessed according to the original reports. Using PPI cutoff points of 2 and 4, we divided the patients into 3 groups of significantly different survival times ( P < .01). Moreover, we confirmed the usefulness of predicting survival <3 and <6 weeks using PPI scores of 6 and 4 as cutoff points, respectively. When we classified patients according to the prognostic model of Kripp et al, the high-risk group survived significantly shorter times than the intermediate- and low-risk groups ( P < .001). However, there was no significant difference in survival between the intermediate- and low-risk groups. Use of these models might enable physicians to provide more appropriate end-of-life care and to refer patients to palliative care earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Ohno
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Almeida Memorial Hospital, Oita, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Almeida Memorial Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Miyuki Abe
- Department of Hematology, Almeida Memorial Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Hitohiro Sasaki
- Department of Hematology, Almeida Memorial Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Kazuki Okuhiro
- Department of Hematology, Almeida Memorial Hospital, Oita, Japan
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Hui D, Park M, Liu D, Paiva CE, Suh SY, Morita T, Bruera E. Clinician prediction of survival versus the Palliative Prognostic Score: Which approach is more accurate? Eur J Cancer 2016; 64:89-95. [PMID: 27372208 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinician prediction of survival (CPS) has low accuracy in the advanced cancer setting, raising the need for prediction models such as the palliative prognostic (PaP) score that includes a transformed CPS (PaP-CPS) and five clinical/laboratory variables (PaP-without CPS). However, it is unclear if the PaP score is more accurate than PaP-CPS, and whether PaP-CPS helps to improve the accuracy of PaP score. We compared the accuracy among PaP-CPS, PaP-without CPS and PaP-total score in patients with advanced cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS In this prospective study, PaP score was documented in hospitalised patients seen by palliative care. We compared the discrimination of PaP-CPS versus PaP-total and PaP-without CPS versus PaP-total using four indices: concordance statistics, area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve (AUC), net reclassification index and integrated discrimination improvement for 30-day survival and 100-day survival. RESULTS A total of 216 patients were enrolled with a median survival of 109 d (95% confidence interval [CI] 71-133 d). The AUC for 30-day survival was 0.57 (95% CI 0.47-0.67) for PaP-CPS, 0.78 (95% CI 0.7-0.87) for PaP-without CPS, and 0.73 (95% CI 0.64-0.82) for PaP-total score. PaP-total was significantly more accurate than PaP-CPS according to all four indices for both 30-day and 100-day survival (P < 0.001). PaP-without CPS was significantly more accurate than PaP-total for 30-day survival (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION We found that PaP score was more accurate than CPS, and the addition of CPS to the prognostic model reduced its accuracy. This study highlights the limitations of clinical gestalt and the need to use objective prognostic factors and models for survival prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hui
- Department of Palliative Care, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, USA.
| | - Minjeong Park
- Department of Biostatistics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, USA
| | - Diane Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, USA
| | - Carlos Eduardo Paiva
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sang-Yeon Suh
- Department of Medicine, Dongguk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tatsuya Morita
- Department of Palliative and Supportive Care, Palliative Care Team and Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Eduardo Bruera
- Department of Palliative Care, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, USA
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Nakamura Y, Watanabe R, Katagiri M, Saida Y, Katada N, Watanabe M, Okamoto Y, Asai K, Enomoto T, Kiribayashi T, Kusachi S. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio has a prognostic value for patients with terminal cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2016; 14:148. [PMID: 27184053 PMCID: PMC4867538 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-016-0904-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Determining prognosis in advanced cancer is of key importance. Various prognostic scores have been developed. However, they are often very complex. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as an index to estimate survival in terminal cancer patients. Methods NLR was calculated retrospectively based on blood tests performed at 3 months, 2 months, 4 weeks, 3 weeks, 2 weeks, 1 week, and within 3 days before death in 160 cancer patients (82 men, 78 women; age range, 33–99 years; mean age, 69.8 years). Results NLR increased significantly with time (P < 0.0001). Mean NLR was significantly higher in patients who died within 4 weeks (29.82) than in those who lived more than 4 weeks (6.15). The NLR cutoff point was set at 9.21 according to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis (area under the curve, 0.82; 95 % confidence interval, 0.79–0.85). We inferred that life expectancy would be <4 weeks when NLR >9.21. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 65.6, 84.1, 90.6, and 51.1 %, respectively. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 4.125 and 0.409, respectively. Conclusions NLR appears to be a useful and simple parameter to predict the clinical outcomes of patients with terminal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Nakamura
- Palliative Care Team, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, 2-17-6 Ohashi, Meguroku, Tokyo, 1538515, Japan. .,Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Meguroku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Ryohei Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Meguroku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miwa Katagiri
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Meguroku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Saida
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Meguroku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsuya Katada
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Meguroku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Meguroku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okamoto
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Meguroku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Asai
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Meguroku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Enomoto
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Meguroku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaharu Kiribayashi
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Meguroku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Kusachi
- Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Meguroku, Tokyo, Japan
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Ohno T, Tamura F, Kikutani T, Morita T, Sumi Y. Change in Food Intake Status of Terminally Ill Cancer Patients during Last Two Weeks of Life: A Continuous Observation. J Palliat Med 2016; 19:879-82. [PMID: 27105180 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2015.0495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oral food intake of terminally ill cancer patients is known to gradually decrease, but there are few reports about how oral intake changes around the terminal stage. It is important to clarify changes in oral food intake, as such changes affect the support and care of terminally ill cancer patients. OBJECTIVE We aimed to clarify changes in oral food intake in terminally ill cancer patients during the last 2 weeks before death. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a designated cancer center hospital in Japan from January 2013 to June 2013. The subjects were recognized as clinically terminally ill cancer patients who were hospitalized for ≥14 days, and who had death as their reason for hospital discharge. One researcher investigated basic patient information and the food intake status of the subjects using their medical records. The basic information investigated was gender, age, type of cancer, and the presence of gastrointestinal obstruction 14 days prior to death. The Food Intake LEVEL Scale (FILS) was prospectively recorded. RESULTS After applying the exclusion criteria, 108 subjects were finally included in the analysis (59 males aged 70.3 ± 13.3 years; 49 females aged 70.3 ± 14.5 years). The FILS gradually declined, and half of the subjects were unable to take food orally 6 days before death. In 81 subjects, after excluding subjects with gastrointestinal obstruction, the FILS gradually declined, and half of the subjects were unable to take food orally 4 days prior to death. CONCLUSIONS Many terminally ill cancer patients can take food orally up to a few days prior to their death. Therefore, various specialists should support the oral intake of terminally ill cancer patients until immediately before their death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Ohno
- 1 Department of Advanced Medicine Dentistry and Dental/OralSurgery, Japanese National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Obu, Japan
| | - Fumiyo Tamura
- 2 Division of Clinical Oral Rehabilitation, The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo , Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kikutani
- 2 Division of Clinical Oral Rehabilitation, The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo , Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morita
- 3 Department of Palliative and Supportive Care, Palliative Care Team and Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital , Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yasunori Sumi
- 1 Department of Advanced Medicine Dentistry and Dental/OralSurgery, Japanese National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology , Obu, Japan
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Ahn HK, Hwang IC, Lee JS, Sym SJ, Cho EK, Shin DB. Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio Predicts Survival in Terminal Cancer Patients. J Palliat Med 2016; 19:437-41. [PMID: 26886409 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2015.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLR) is a prognostic factor in cancer, although its prognostic significance in terminally ill cancer patients is not clear. OBJECTIVE We investigated the association of NLR with survival in patients with terminal cancer. METHODS We retrospectively investigated 205 consecutive patients with terminal cancer admitted to a palliative care unit during 2014. RESULTS The median value of NLR was 9.7. In univariable analysis, NLR of 10 or more was significantly associated with shorter survival and NLR further discriminated survival of each palliative prognostic index (PPI) group. In multivariable analysis, increased NLR (≥10) was associated with shorter survival (hazards ratio [HR] 1.54, p<0.005), along with poor performance status (HR 1.55, p < 0.011), high PPI score (HR 1.59, p<0.003), and hyperbilirubinemia (HR 1.84, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that elevated NLR was an independent prognostic factor for poor survival in patients with terminal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Kyung Ahn
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University , Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Cheol Hwang
- 2 Department of Family Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University , Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Sung Lee
- 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University , Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Jin Sym
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University , Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Cho
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University , Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Bok Shin
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University , Incheon, Republic of Korea
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One-Year Mortality in Older Patients with Cancer: Development and External Validation of an MNA-Based Prognostic Score. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148523. [PMID: 26859298 PMCID: PMC4747505 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The MNA (Mini Nutritional Assessment) is known as a prognosis factor in older population. We analyzed the prognostic value for one-year mortality of MNA items in older patients with cancer treated with chemotherapy as the basis of a simplified prognostic score. Methods The prospective derivation cohort included 606 patients older than 70 years with an indication of chemotherapy for cancers. The endpoint to predict was one-year mortality. The 18 items of the Full MNA, age, gender, weight loss, cancer origin, TNM, performance status and lymphocyte count were considered to construct the prognostic model. MNA items were analyzed with a backward step-by-step multivariate logistic regression and other items were added in a forward step-by-step regression. External validation was performed on an independent cohort of 229 patients. Results At one year 266 deaths had occurred. Decreased dietary intake (p = 0.0002), decreased protein-rich food intake (p = 0.025), 3 or more prescribed drugs (p = 0.023), calf circumference <31cm (p = 0.0002), tumor origin (p<0.0001), metastatic status (p = 0.0007) and lymphocyte count <1500/mm3 (0.029) were found to be associated with 1-year mortality in the final model and were used to construct a prognostic score. The area under curve (AUC) of the score was 0.793, which was higher than the Full MNA AUC (0.706). The AUC of the score in validation cohort (229 subjects, 137 deaths) was 0.698. Conclusion Key predictors of one-year mortality included cancer cachexia clinical features, comorbidities, the origin and the advanced status of the tumor. The prognostic value of this model combining a subset of MNA items and cancer related items was better than the full MNA, thus providing a simple score to predict 1-year mortality in older patients with an indication of chemotherapy.
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Sato K, Yokoi H, Tsuneto S. Shock Index and Decreased Level of Consciousness as Terminal Cancer Patients' Survival Time Predictors: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J Pain Symptom Manage 2016; 51:220-31.e2. [PMID: 26598038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Predicting prognosis using noninvasive and objective tools may facilitate end-of-life decisions for terminal cancer patients, their families, and other health care professionals. OBJECTIVES To investigate if the shock index (SI), along with decreased level of consciousness (DLOC), is a reliable tool for predicting short-term survival time in terminal cancer patients. METHODS A two-part retrospective cohort study was performed on 670 consecutive adult hospice patients. Part 1 of the study was performed to investigate the reliability of SI and DLOC on admission and to make a simple tool for predicting survival time. Part 2 of the study was to validate the tool's reproducibility and analyze the correlation between SI, DLOC, and survival time. RESULTS In Part 1, multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses for all study patients revealed that SI ≥ 1.0 in patients with DLOC was a significant risk factor of death (hazard ratio 3.08; 95% CI 1.72-5.53; P = 0.000). Generalized additive models confirmed that DLOC patients with SI = 1.0 had 9.58 days of mean survival time (MST). Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses of SI in patients with DLOC revealed that a survival time of less than three days was most reliably predicted. In Part 2, an increase in SI statistically decreased survival time. The upper 95% CIs of the calculated mean survival time for DLOC patients with SI ≥ 1.0 were less than one week. Bootstrap analyses revealed that the 95% CIs of the predicted survival time were 4.54-6.18 days in DLOC patients with SI = 1.0. CONCLUSION An SI ≥ 1.0 along with DLOC is a highly reliable tool for predicting short-term survival time in terminal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Sato
- Division of Palliative Medicine, Ise Municipal General Hospital, Ise, Japan.
| | - Hideto Yokoi
- Department of Medical Informatics, Kagawa University Hospital, Kagawa University, Miki, Japan
| | - Satoru Tsuneto
- Palliative Care Center, Department of Palliative Medicine, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Pantano NDP, Paiva BSR, Hui D, Paiva CE. Validation of the Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score in Advanced Cancer Patients Receiving Palliative Care. J Pain Symptom Manage 2016; 51:270-7. [PMID: 26598040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) is a well-known marker of systemic inflammatory response previously associated with poor prognoses in cancer. OBJECTIVES We investigated the relationships between mGPS and clinical variables and the prognostic impact of mGPS in patients with advanced cancer starting palliative care (PC). METHODS Data from two prospective studies conducted at a tertiary cancer center were analyzed (N = 459). Data regarding patient characteristics, Karnofsky Performance Status, and blood samples were collected at the initial evaluation. The mGPS was calculated as follows: C-reactive protein (CRP) < 10 mg/L = 0; CRP > 10 mg/L = 1, CRP > 10 mg/L and albumin < 35 g/L = 2. Chi-square or Fisher exact tests were used for comparisons of categorical variables; continuous variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. For the survival analysis, Cox regression analyses were performed. RESULTS mGPS of 0, 1, and 2 were assigned to 79.7%, 6.8%, and 13.5% of the patients, respectively. A positive association between hepatic metastasis (P = 0.004), primary lung cancer (P = 0.021), PC only (P < 0.001), lower Karnofsky Performance Status (P < 0.001), and higher systemic inflammation (mGPS 1/2) was found. Median overall survival was 1, 3, and 5.7 months for mGPS of 2, 1, and 0, respectively. After multivariate analyses, mGPS remained an independent prognostic marker (mGPS 1, hazard ratio 2.066, P = 0.001; mGPS 2, hazard ratio 2.664, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Systemic inflammatory response is associated with a low functional status, primary lung cancers, and tumors with hepatic metastasis. When starting PC, an mGPS definition may have clinical utility implications, by identifying three groups of patients with advanced cancer patients with distinct survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naitielle de Paula Pantano
- Researcher Support Center, Learning and Research Institute, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil; Palliative Care and Quality of Life Research Group, Post-Graduate Program, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca Sakamoto Ribeiro Paiva
- Researcher Support Center, Learning and Research Institute, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil; Palliative Care and Quality of Life Research Group, Post-Graduate Program, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - David Hui
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Carlos Eduardo Paiva
- Researcher Support Center, Learning and Research Institute, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil; Palliative Care and Quality of Life Research Group, Post-Graduate Program, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Clinical Oncology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Zulfiqar AA, Martin-Kleisch A. Hypervitaminosis B12 As an Additional Prognostic Indicator in Elderly Adults with a Neoplastic Disease: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature. J Am Geriatr Soc 2015; 63:2220-1. [PMID: 26481001 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.13687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abrar-Ahmad Zulfiqar
- Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University Hospital of Reims, Reims, France
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Prognosis is a key driver of clinical decision-making. However, available prognostication tools have limited accuracy and variable levels of validation. METHODS Principles of survival prediction and literature on clinician prediction of survival, prognostic factors, and prognostic models were reviewed, with a focus on patients with advanced cancer and a survival rate of a few months or less. RESULTS The 4 principles of survival prediction are (a) prognostication is a process instead of an event, (b) prognostic factors may evolve over the course of the disease, (c) prognostic accuracy for a given prognostic factor/ tool varies by the definition of accuracy, the patient population, and the time frame of prediction, and (d) the exact timing of death cannot be predicted with certainty. Clinician prediction of survival is the most commonly used approach to formulate prognosis. However, clinicians often overestimate survival rates with the temporal question. Other clinician prediction of survival approaches, such as surprise and probabilistic questions, have higher rates of accuracy. Established prognostic factors in the advanced cancer setting include decreased performance status, delirium, dysphagia, cancer anorexia-cachexia, dyspnea, inflammation, and malnutrition. Novel prognostic factors, such as phase angle, may improve rates of accuracy. Many prognostic models are available, including the Palliative Prognostic Score, the Palliative Prognostic Index, and the Glasgow Prognostic Score. CONCLUSIONS Despite the uncertainty in survival prediction, existing prognostic tools can facilitate clinical decision-making by providing approximated time frames (months, weeks, or days). Future research should focus on clarifying and comparing the rates of accuracy for existing prognostic tools, identifying and validating novel prognostic factors, and linking prognostication to decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hui
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
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131
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Chiang JK, Koo M, Kao YH. Development of a User-Friendly Graphic Tool to Estimate Individualized Survival Curves for Advanced Cancer Patients in Hospice Care. J Palliat Care 2015; 31:29-35. [PMID: 26399088 DOI: 10.1177/082585971503100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This prospective study aimed to develop an individualized prognostic tool for predicting the survival probability at any given point for a hospice patient with advanced cancer. A total of 286 patients with advanced cancer were included in the study. Median observational time was 18 days (range: 1 to 60 days). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that faster heart rate (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.01), jaundice (HR = 2.32), poorer performance status (HR = 2.01), and antifungal treatment (HR = 1.62) were independent predictors of shorter survival time. Patients with infections who received aminoglycoside treatments (HR = 0.45) were associated with longer survival times. Based on this model, we could construct a covariate-adjusted individualized survival curve for a given patient according to his or her clinical condition. This user-friendly tool for estimating the survival probability of patients with advanced cancer in hospice settings could facilitate clinical decision making and medical care planning.
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Chang VT, Scott CB, Gonzalez ML, Einhorn J, Yan H, Kasimis BS. Patient-Reported Outcomes for Determining Prognostic Groups in Veterans With Advanced Cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage 2015; 50:313-20. [PMID: 25912275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Physicians overestimate survival in patients with advanced cancer. Patient-reported outcomes could provide another way to estimate survival. We previously reported four prognostic groups based on Karnofsky Performance Status, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy physical well-being subscale, and Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale-Short Form physical symptom distress subscale scores. OBJECTIVES To determine the validity of these four prognostic groups. METHODS We performed prospective surveys. Data from a total of 880 Veterans Affairs Medical Center patients, 417 in the First Cohort and 463 in the Validation Cohort, were analyzed. Both inpatients and outpatients were prospectively recruited in Institutional Review Board-approved studies from August 1999 to September 2009. Survival was measured from the date of entry until death or December 1, 2009. Patients completed self-assessments with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy and Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale-Short Form. Analysis of variance was used to test differences between groups in continuous variables; a generalized Wilcoxon test was used for differences between groups for survival. RESULTS The average age in the Validation Cohort was 66.5 years and 98% were men. The majority of patients had metastatic cancer (90%), with lung (28%) and prostate (26%) cancers being predominant. The median Karnofsky Performance Status was 70. Median survival was 33, 46.5, 124, and 209.5 days for the four prognostic groups (P < 0.0001, all pair-wise comparisons P < 0.02). CONCLUSION The four prognostic groups remained distinct in the prospective cohort. Small differences in patient-reported physical well-being can halve survival estimates. Patient-reported outcomes can correct for physician overestimate of prognosis. This study provides a way to use patient-reported outcomes for prognosis in patients with advanced cancer, with important implications for assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor T Chang
- Section Hematology Oncology (111), VA New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, New Jersey, USA; Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
| | | | - Melanie L Gonzalez
- Section Hematology Oncology (111), VA New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jan Einhorn
- Section Hematology Oncology (111), VA New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, New Jersey, USA
| | - Houling Yan
- Veterans Biomedical Research Institute, VA New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, New Jersey, USA
| | - Basil S Kasimis
- Section Hematology Oncology (111), VA New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, New Jersey, USA; Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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Mendis R, Soo WK, Zannino D, Michael N, Spruyt O. Multidisciplinary Prognostication Using the Palliative Prognostic Score in an Australian Cancer Center. Palliat Care 2015; 9:7-14. [PMID: 26309410 PMCID: PMC4524542 DOI: 10.4137/pcrt.s24411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Accurate prognostication is important in oncology and palliative care. A multidisciplinary approach to prognostication provides a novel approach, but its accuracy and application is poorly researched. In this study, we describe and analyze our experience of multidisciplinary prognostication in palliative care patients with cancer. OBJECTIVES To assess our accuracy of prognostication using multidisciplinary team prediction of survival (MTPS) alone and within the Palliative Prognostic (PaP) Score. METHODS This retrospective study included all new patients referred to a palliative care consultation service in a tertiary cancer center between January 2010 and December 2011. Initial assessment data for 421 inpatients and 223 outpatients were analyzed according to inpatient and outpatient groups to evaluate the accuracy of prognostication using MTPS alone and within the PaP score (MTPS-PaP) and their correlation with overall survival. RESULTS Inpatients with MTPS-PaP group A, B, and C had a median survival of 10.9, 3.4, and 0.7 weeks, respectively, and a 30-day survival probability of 81%, 40%, and 10%, respectively. Outpatients with MTPS-PaP group A and B had a median survival of 17.3 and 5.1 weeks, respectively, and a 30-day survival probability of 94% and 50%, respectively. MTPS overestimated survival by a factor of 1.5 for inpatients and 1.2 for outpatients. The MTPS-PaP score correlated better than MTPS alone with overall survival. CONCLUSION This study suggests that a multidisciplinary team approach to prognostication within routine clinical practice is possible and may substitute for single clinician prediction of survival within the PaP score without detracting from its accuracy. Multidisciplinary team prognostication can assist treating teams to recognize and articulate prognosis, facilitate treatment decisions, and plan end-of-life care appropriately. PaP was less useful in the outpatient setting, given the longer survival interval of the outpatient palliative care patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruwani Mendis
- Department of Pain & Palliative Care, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, VIC, Australia ; Austin Health, Department of Palliative Care, Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Wee-Kheng Soo
- Department of Pain & Palliative Care, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, VIC, Australia ; Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Diana Zannino
- Centre for Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, VIC, Australia
| | - Natasha Michael
- Department of Palliative Care, Cabrini Health, Prahran, VIC, Australia
| | - Odette Spruyt
- Department of Pain & Palliative Care, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, VIC, Australia
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Survival prediction for advanced cancer patients in the real world: A comparison of the Palliative Prognostic Score, Delirium-Palliative Prognostic Score, Palliative Prognostic Index and modified Prognosis in Palliative Care Study predictor model. Eur J Cancer 2015; 51:1618-29. [PMID: 26074396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and accuracy of the Palliative Prognostic Score (PaP score), Delirium-Palliative Prognostic Score (D-PaP score), Palliative Prognostic Index (PPI) and modified Prognosis in Palliative Care Study predictor model (PiPS model). PATIENTS AND METHODS This multicentre prospective cohort study involved 58 palliative care services, including 19 hospital palliative care teams, 16 palliative care units and 23 home palliative care services, in Japan from September 2012 to April 2014. Analyses were performed involving four patient groups: those treated by palliative care teams, those in palliative care units, those at home and those receiving chemotherapy. RESULTS We recruited 2426 participants, and 2361 patients were finally analysed. Risk groups based on these instruments successfully identified patients with different survival profiles in all groups. The feasibility of PPI and modified PiPS-A was more than 90% in all groups, followed by PaP and D-PaP scores; modified PiPS-B had the lowest feasibility. The accuracy of prognostic scores was ⩾69% in all groups and the difference was within 13%, while c-statistics were significantly lower with the PPI than PaP and D-PaP scores. CONCLUSION The PaP score, D-PaP score, PPI and modified PiPS model provided distinct survival groups for patients in the three palliative care settings and those receiving chemotherapy. The PPI seems to be suitable for routine clinical use for situations where rough estimates of prognosis are sufficient and/or patients do not want invasive procedure. If clinicians can address more items, the modified PiPS-A would be a non-invasive alternative. In cases where blood samples are available or those requiring more accurate prediction, the PaP and D-PaP scores and modified PiPS-B would be more appropriate.
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Hamano J, Morita T, Inoue S, Ikenaga M, Matsumoto Y, Sekine R, Yamaguchi T, Hirohashi T, Tajima T, Tatara R, Watanabe H, Otani H, Takigawa C, Matsuda Y, Nagaoka H, Mori M, Yamamoto N, Shimizu M, Sasara T, Kinoshita H. Surprise Questions for Survival Prediction in Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study. Oncologist 2015; 20:839-44. [PMID: 26054631 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2015-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predicting the short-term survival in cancer patients is an important issue for patients, family, and oncologists. Although the prognostic accuracy of the surprise question has value in 1-year mortality for cancer patients, the prognostic value for short-term survival has not been formally assessed. The primary aim of the present study was to assess the prognostic value of the surprise question for 7-day and 30-day survival in patients with advanced cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS The present multicenter prospective cohort study was conducted in Japan from September 2012 through April 2014, involving 16 palliative care units, 19 hospital-based palliative care teams, and 23 home-based palliative care services. RESULTS We recruited 2,425 patients and included 2,361 for analysis: 912 from hospital-based palliative care teams, 895 from hospital palliative care units, and 554 from home-based palliative care services. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the 7-day survival surprise question were 84.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 80.7%-88.0%), 68.0% (95% CI, 67.3%-68.5%), 30.3% (95% CI, 28.9%-31.5%), and 96.4% (95% CI, 95.5%-97.2%), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for the 30-day surprise question were 95.6% (95% CI, 94.4%-96.6%), 37.0% (95% CI, 35.9%-37.9%), 57.6% (95% CI, 56.8%-58.2%), and 90.4% (95% CI, 87.7%-92.6%), respectively. CONCLUSION Surprise questions are useful for screening patients for short survival. However, the high false-positive rates do not allow clinicians to provide definitive prognosis prediction. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The findings of this study indicate that clinicians can screen patients for 7- or 30-day survival using surprise questions with 90% or more sensitivity. Clinicians cannot provide accurate prognosis estimation, and all patients will not always die within the defined periods. The screened patients can be regarded as the subjects to be prepared for approaching death, and proactive discussion would be useful for such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hamano
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morita
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ikenaga
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Matsumoto
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sekine
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamaguchi
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hirohashi
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Tajima
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryohei Tatara
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Watanabe
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Otani
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chizuko Takigawa
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Matsuda
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroka Nagaoka
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masanori Mori
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mie Shimizu
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sasara
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroya Kinoshita
- Division of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan; Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Japan; Hospice Children's Hospice Hospital, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan; Department of Pain and Palliative Care, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, Mitui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan; Department of Palliative Care Team, and Palliative and Supportive Care, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Palliative Care, KKR Sapporo Medical Center, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kinki-Chuo Chest Medical Center, Osaka, Japan; Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan; Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan; Department of Primary Care Service, Shinsei Hospital, Nagano, Japan; Saiseikai Matsusaka General Hospital, Matsusaka, Japan; Yuuaikai Nanbu Hospital, Itoman, Japan; Department of Palliative Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
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Associations between oral complications and days to death in palliative care patients. Support Care Cancer 2015; 24:157-161. [PMID: 25962615 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-015-2759-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adverse oral symptoms gradually appear in advanced cancer patients as the disease progresses. We retrospectively investigated the associations between the incidence of oral problems and the days to death (DTD) in patients receiving palliative care. METHODS The dental assessment sheets and medical charts of 105 patients who had been admitted into the palliative care unit at our hospital were examined. Case data included evaluations of organic and functional oral conditions at the time of admission for all patients. The cohort was divided into two groups according to the DTD as the short group (<28 days from the time of dental assessment until death) and the long group (≥28 days). We compared the incidences of organic and functional oral problems between these groups. RESULTS Dry mouth, tongue inflammation, and bleeding spots were significantly more frequent in the short group than in the long group (78 vs. 54% for dry mouth, 67 vs. 46% for tongue inflammation, 35 vs. 14% for bleeding spots, respectively; p < 0.05). Tongue coating and candidiasis were comparable between the two groups. Dysphagia was significantly more common in the short group (43%) than in the long group (20%) (p = 0.01), as was assistance with oral health care (76 vs. 50%) (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that, during palliative care, oral complications appear more frequently when the DTD period is shorter. These symptoms may be useful indicators when deciding on the proper timing of intensive oral care intervention to decrease oral problems and pain in terminally ill patients.
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Baba M, Maeda I, Morita T, Hisanaga T, Ishihara T, Iwashita T, Kaneishi K, Kawagoe S, Kuriyama T, Maeda T, Mori I, Nakajima N, Nishi T, Sakurai H, Shimoyama S, Shinjo T, Shirayama H, Yamada T, Ono S, Ozawa T, Yamamoto R, Tsuneto S. Independent validation of the modified prognosis palliative care study predictor models in three palliative care settings. J Pain Symptom Manage 2015; 49:853-60. [PMID: 25499420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Accurate prognostic information in palliative care settings is needed for patients to make decisions and set goals and priorities. The Prognosis Palliative Care Study (PiPS) predictor models were presented in 2011, but have not yet been fully validated by other research teams. OBJECTIVES The primary aim of this study is to examine the accuracy and to validate the modified PiPS (using physician-proxy ratings of mental status instead of patient interviews) in three palliative care settings, namely palliative care units, hospital-based palliative care teams, and home-based palliative care services. METHODS This multicenter prospective cohort study was conducted in 58 palliative care services including 16 palliative care units, 19 hospital-based palliative care teams, and 23 home-based palliative care services in Japan from September 2012 through April 2014. RESULTS A total of 2426 subjects were recruited. For reasons including lack of followup and missing variables (primarily blood examination data), we obtained analyzable data from 2212 and 1257 patients for the modified PiPS-A and PiPS-B, respectively. In all palliative care settings, both the modified PiPS-A and PiPS-B identified three risk groups with different survival rates (P<0.001). The absolute agreement ranged from 56% to 60% in the PiPS-A model and 60% to 62% in the PiPS-B model. CONCLUSION The modified PiPS was successfully validated and can be useful in palliative care units, hospital-based palliative care teams, and home-based palliative care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Baba
- Department of Palliative Care, Saito Yukoukai Hospital, Ibaragi, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Isseki Maeda
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morita
- Palliative and Supportive Care Division, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | - Tatsuhiko Ishihara
- Palliative Care Department, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital, Okayama City, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Keisuke Kaneishi
- Department of Palliative Care Unit, JCHO Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Toshiyuki Kuriyama
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Wakayama Medical University Hospital Oncology Center, Kimiidera, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Maeda
- Department of Palliative Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center, Komagome Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Nobuhisa Nakajima
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nishi
- Kawasaki Comprehensive Care Center, Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hospital, Nakahara-ku, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sakurai
- Department of Palliative Care, St. Luke's International Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satofumi Shimoyama
- Department of Palliative Care, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Hiroto Shirayama
- Iryouhoujinn Takumikai Osaka Kita Homecare Clinic, Osaka City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yamada
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Ono
- Division of Palliative Medicine, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Suntou-gun, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | - Ryo Yamamoto
- Department of Palliative Medicine, Saku Central Hospital Advanced Care Center, Saku-shi, Nagano, Japan
| | - Satoru Tsuneto
- Department of Multidisciplinary Cancer Treatment, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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Pacetti P, Paganini G, Orlandi M, Mambrini A, Pennucci MC, Del Freo A, Cantore M. Chemotherapy in the last 30 days of life of advanced cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 2015; 23:3277-80. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-015-2733-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Chen YT, Ho CT, Hsu HS, Huang PT, Lin CY, Liu CS, Li TC, Lin CC, Lin WY. Objective palliative prognostic score among patients with advanced cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage 2015; 49:690-6. [PMID: 25261639 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2014.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The accurate prediction of survival is one of the key factors in the decision-making process for patients with advanced illnesses. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to develop a short-term prognostic prediction method that included such objective factors as medical history, vital signs, and blood tests for use with patients with advanced cancer. METHODS Medical records gathered at the admission of patients with advanced cancer to the hospice palliative care unit at a tertiary hospital in Taiwan were reviewed retrospectively. The records included demographics, history of cancer treatments, performance status, vital signs, and biological parameters, Multivariate logistic regression analyses and receiver operating characteristic curves were used for model development. RESULTS The Objective Palliative Prognostic Score was determined by using six objective predictors identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The predictors include heart rate >120/min, white blood cells >11,000/mm(3), platelets <130,000/mm(3), serum creatinine level >1.3 mg/dL, serum potassium level >5 mg/dL, and no history of chemotherapy. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve used to predict seven-day survival was 82.0% (95% confidence interval 75.2%-88.8%). If any three predictors of the six were reached, death within seven days was predicted with 68.8% sensitivity, 86.0% specificity, 55.9% positive predictive value, and 91.4% negative predictive value. CONCLUSION The Objective Palliative Prognostic Score consists of six objective predictors for the estimation of seven-day survival among patients with advanced cancer and showed a relatively high accuracy, specificity, and negative predictive value. Objective signs, such as vital signs and blood test results, may help clinicians make decisions at the end of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ting Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Hospice Palliative Medicine Unit, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Te Ho
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Hospice Palliative Medicine Unit, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Shai Hsu
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Hospice Palliative Medicine Unit, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Tsung Huang
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Hospice Palliative Medicine Unit, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Yu Lin
- Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Shong Liu
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chung Li
- Graduate Institute of Biostatistics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Health Care Administration, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Health Care Administration, College of Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yuan Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Hospice Palliative Medicine Unit, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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140
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Murakami N, Tanabe K, Morita T, Kadoya S, Shimada M, Ishiguro K, Endo N, Sawada K, Fujikawa Y, Takashima R, Amemiya Y, Iida H, Koseki S, Yasuda H, Kashii T. Going back to home to die: does it make a difference to patient survival? BMC Palliat Care 2015; 14:7. [PMID: 25821408 PMCID: PMC4376364 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-015-0003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many patients wish to stay at home during the terminal stage of cancer. However, there is concern that medical care provided at home may negatively affect survival. This study therefore explored whether the survival duration differed between cancer patients who received inpatient care and those who received home care. Methods We retrospectively investigated the place of care/death and survival duration of 190 cancer patients after their referral to a palliative care consultation team in a Japanese general hospital between 2007 and 2012. The patients were classified into a hospital care group consisting of those who received palliative care in the hospital until death, and a home care group including patients who received palliative care at home from doctors in collaboration with the palliative care consultation team. Details of the place of care, survival duration, and patient characteristics (primary site, gender, age, history of chemotherapy, and performance status) were obtained from electronic medical records, and analyzed after propensity score matching in the place of care. Results Median survival adjusted for propensity score was significantly longer in the home care group (67.0 days, n = 69) than in the hospital care group (33.0 days, n = 69; P = 0.0013). Cox’s proportional hazard analysis revealed that the place of care was a significant factor for survival following adjustment for covariates including performance status. Conclusions This study suggests that the general concern that home care shortens the survival duration of patients is not based on evidence. A cohort study including more known prognostic factors is necessary to confirm the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomu Murakami
- Home Palliative Care Committee, Takaoka Medical Service Region, 387-1 Futatsuka, Takaoka, Toyama 933-0816 Japan
| | - Kouichi Tanabe
- Department of Medical Oncology, Toyama University Hospital, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama 930-0194 Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morita
- Department of Palliative and Supportive Care, Seirei Mikatahara Hospital, 3453 Mikataharacho, Kita-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 433-8105 Japan
| | - Shinichi Kadoya
- Board of Palliative Care, Saiseikai Takaoka Hospital, Toyama Prefecture, 387-1 Futatsuka, Takaoka, Toyama 933-0816 Japan
| | - Masanari Shimada
- Board of Palliative Care, Saiseikai Takaoka Hospital, Toyama Prefecture, 387-1 Futatsuka, Takaoka, Toyama 933-0816 Japan
| | - Kaname Ishiguro
- Board of Palliative Care, Saiseikai Takaoka Hospital, Toyama Prefecture, 387-1 Futatsuka, Takaoka, Toyama 933-0816 Japan
| | - Naoki Endo
- Board of Palliative Care, Saiseikai Takaoka Hospital, Toyama Prefecture, 387-1 Futatsuka, Takaoka, Toyama 933-0816 Japan
| | - Koichiro Sawada
- Board of Palliative Care, Saiseikai Takaoka Hospital, Toyama Prefecture, 387-1 Futatsuka, Takaoka, Toyama 933-0816 Japan
| | - Yasunaga Fujikawa
- Board of Palliative Care, Saiseikai Takaoka Hospital, Toyama Prefecture, 387-1 Futatsuka, Takaoka, Toyama 933-0816 Japan
| | - Rumi Takashima
- Board of Palliative Care, Saiseikai Takaoka Hospital, Toyama Prefecture, 387-1 Futatsuka, Takaoka, Toyama 933-0816 Japan
| | - Yoko Amemiya
- Board of Palliative Care, Saiseikai Takaoka Hospital, Toyama Prefecture, 387-1 Futatsuka, Takaoka, Toyama 933-0816 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Iida
- Board of Palliative Care, Saiseikai Takaoka Hospital, Toyama Prefecture, 387-1 Futatsuka, Takaoka, Toyama 933-0816 Japan
| | - Shiro Koseki
- Home Palliative Care Committee, Takaoka Medical Service Region, 387-1 Futatsuka, Takaoka, Toyama 933-0816 Japan
| | - Hatsuna Yasuda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Toyama University Hospital, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama 930-0194 Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kashii
- Department of Medical Oncology, Toyama University Hospital, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama 930-0194 Japan
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141
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Thai V, Tarumi Y, Wolch G. A brief review of survival prediction of advanced cancer patients. Int J Palliat Nurs 2015; 20:530-4. [PMID: 25426879 DOI: 10.12968/ijpn.2014.20.11.530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Survival prediction of advanced cancer patients remains an important task for palliative clinicians. It has transformed from an art form into a more scientific branch of the discipline with the evolution of palliative medicine and use of statistical estimates of survival. Both clinician predicted survival and actuarial estimation of survival have their uses and drawbacks. This article gives a practical and quick summary of the pros and cons of clinician survival prediction and actuarial-based prognostic tools used at the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Thai
- Director of University of Alberta Hospital Palliative Services, Associate Clinical Professor, Palliative Care Medicine, Department of Oncology, Alberta, Canada
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142
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Abstract
The role of total serum testosterone in the prognosis of terminal cancer is unclear. We retrospectively investigated the total serum testosterone level in 69 male patients with terminal cancer in a palliative care unit. The association between the serum testosterone level and survival was assessed using Cox proportional hazard model. The median value of serum total testosterone was 44.5 ng/dL, far lower than previously reported in patients with advanced cancer. Multivariate analysis revealed thrombocytopenia (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.68), hypoalbuminemia (aHR, 2.02), azotemia (aHR, 2.67), and lower serum testosterone level (aHR, 2.03) were significantly negatively prognostic of survival. Lower serum testosterone level was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for life expectancy in male patients with terminal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Won Kim
- Department of Medicine, Gachon University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Cheol Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Ahn
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Kyung
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Yup Ahn
- Department of Statistics, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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143
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Kim HM, Ha KS, Hwang IC, Ahn HY, Youn CH. Random Serum Cortisol as a Predictor for Survival of Terminally Ill Patients With Cancer: A Preliminary Study. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2014; 33:281-5. [PMID: 25500431 DOI: 10.1177/1049909114563065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although previous research found that serum cortisol levels were associated with cancer prognosis, it is unclear whether this association remains robust even at the very end of life of patients with cancer. We conducted a retrospective chart review of 125 patients with terminal cancer to investigate the role of random serum cortisol levels in predicting the remaining life expectancy. The high random cortisol group had a significantly shorter survival time than the low random cortisol group (7.5 vs 26 days). After adjusting for potential confounders, key factors such as poor performance status, hypoalbuminemia, and high random cortisol level are associated with poor survival. Our results suggest that the random serum cortisol level is an independent predictor of survival time of patients with terminally ill cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Min Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Sang Ha
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Cheol Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Yup Ahn
- Department of Statistics, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Ho Youn
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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144
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Yoon SJ, Jung JG, Kim JS, Kim SS, Kim S. Comparison of Accuracy Among Prognostic Scores for Predicting Life Expectancy in Korean Patients With Cancer With Weeks of Survival. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2014; 31:845-852. [DOI: 10.1177/1049909113503486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To compare the accuracy among 4 prognostic scores (Palliative Prognostic Score (PaP), Delirium-PaP (D-PaP), Palliative Prognostic Index (PPI), Objective Prognostic Score (OPS)) for predicting life expectancy in Korean cancer patients with weeks of survival, we conducted a retrospective study by reviewing medical records of 94 patients and compared the accuracy of 3-week and 30-day survival among the 4 prognostic scores. Three-week survival estimates were highest for the PaP and 30-day estimates were similar for the 4 prognostic scores. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was highest for the PaP and lowest for the PPI, but there were no significant differences. The prognostics scores did not differ from each other in a significant manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Joon Yoon
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin-Gyu Jung
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jong-Sung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Samyong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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145
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Bruera S, Chisholm G, Dos Santos R, Crovador C, Bruera E, Hui D. Variations in vital signs in the last days of life in patients with advanced cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage 2014; 48:510-7. [PMID: 24731412 PMCID: PMC4197073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2013.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Few studies have examined variation in vital signs in the last days of life. OBJECTIVES We determined the variation of vital signs in the final two weeks of life in patients with advanced cancer and examined their association with impending death in three days. METHODS In this prospective, longitudinal, observational study, we enrolled consecutive patients admitted to two acute palliative care units and documented their vital signs (heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and temperature) twice a day serially from admission to death or discharge. RESULTS Of 357 patients, 203 (57%) died in hospital. Systolic blood pressure (P < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.001), and oxygen saturation (P < 0.001) decreased significantly in the final three days of life, and temperature increased slightly (P < 0.04). Heart rate (P = 0.22) and respiratory rate (P = 0.24) remained similar in the last three days. Impending death in three days was significantly associated with increased heart rate (odds ratio [OR] = 2; P = 0.01), decreased systolic blood pressure (OR = 2.5; P = 0.004), decreased diastolic blood pressure (OR = 2.3; P = 0.002), and decreased oxygen saturation (OR = 3.7; P = 0.003) from baseline readings on admission. These changes had high specificity (≥ 80%), low sensitivity (≤ 35%), and modest positive likelihood ratios (≤ 5) for impending death within three days. A large proportion of patients had normal vital signs in the last days of life. CONCLUSION Blood pressure and oxygen saturation decreased in the last days of life. Clinicians and families cannot rely on vital sign changes alone to rule in or rule out impending death. Our findings do not support routine vital signs monitoring of patients who are imminently dying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Bruera
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gary Chisholm
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Renata Dos Santos
- Department of Palliative Care, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Camila Crovador
- Department of Palliative Care, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bruera
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David Hui
- Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
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146
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Chiang JK, Kao YH. Prediction of Patient Survival by Change in Daily Opioid Dosage in Advanced Cancer Patients: A Prospective Hospital-based Epidemiologic Study. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2014; 44:1189-97. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyu153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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147
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Westhoff PG, de Graeff A, Monninkhof EM, Bollen L, Dijkstra SP, van der Steen-Banasik EM, van Vulpen M, Leer JWH, Marijnen CA, van der Linden YM. An easy tool to predict survival in patients receiving radiation therapy for painful bone metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014; 90:739-47. [PMID: 25260489 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with bone metastases have a widely varying survival. A reliable estimation of survival is needed for appropriate treatment strategies. Our goal was to assess the value of simple prognostic factors, namely, patient and tumor characteristics, Karnofsky performance status (KPS), and patient-reported scores of pain and quality of life, to predict survival in patients with painful bone metastases. METHODS AND MATERIALS In the Dutch Bone Metastasis Study, 1157 patients were treated with radiation therapy for painful bone metastases. At randomization, physicians determined the KPS; patients rated general health on a visual analogue scale (VAS-gh), valuation of life on a verbal rating scale (VRS-vl) and pain intensity. To assess the predictive value of the variables, we used multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses and C-statistics for discriminative value. Of the final model, calibration was assessed. External validation was performed on a dataset of 934 patients who were treated with radiation therapy for vertebral metastases. RESULTS Patients had mainly breast (39%), prostate (23%), or lung cancer (25%). After a maximum of 142 weeks' follow-up, 74% of patients had died. The best predictive model included sex, primary tumor, visceral metastases, KPS, VAS-gh, and VRS-vl (C-statistic = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.70-0.74). A reduced model, with only KPS and primary tumor, showed comparable discriminative capacity (C-statistic = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.69-0.72). External validation showed a C-statistic of 0.72 (95% CI = 0.70-0.73). Calibration of the derivation and the validation dataset showed underestimation of survival. CONCLUSION In predicting survival in patients with painful bone metastases, KPS combined with primary tumor was comparable to a more complex model. Considering the amount of variables in complex models and the additional burden on patients, the simple model is preferred for daily use. In addition, a risk table for survival is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulien G Westhoff
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Alexander de Graeff
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Evelyn M Monninkhof
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laurens Bollen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | - Sander P Dijkstra
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marco van Vulpen
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem H Leer
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Corrie A Marijnen
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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148
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Tsai JS, Chen CH, Wu CH, Chiu TY, Morita T, Chang CH, Hung SH, Lee YP, Chen CY. Consciousness levels one week after admission to a palliative care unit improve survival prediction in advanced cancer patients. J Palliat Med 2014; 18:170-5. [PMID: 25191971 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2014.0220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consciousness is an important factor of survival prediction in advanced cancer patients. However, effects on survival of changes over time in consciousness in advanced cancer patients have not been fully explored. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated changes in consciousness after admission to a palliative care unit and their correlation with prognosis in terminal cancer patients. METHODS This is a prospective observational study. From a palliative care unit in Taiwan, 531 cancer patients (51.8% male) were recruited. Consciousness status was assessed at admission and one week afterwards and recorded as normal or impaired. RESULTS The mean age was 65.28±13.59 years, and the average survival time was 23.41±37.69 days. Patients with normal consciousness at admission (n=317) had better survival than those with impaired consciousness at admission (n=214): (17.0 days versus 6.0 days, p<0.001). In the analysis on survival within one week after admission, those with normal consciousness at admission had a higher percentage of survival than the impaired (78.9% versus 44.3%, p<0.001). Patients were further classified into four groups according to consciousness levels: (1) normal at admission and one week afterwards, (2) impaired at admission but normal one week afterwards, (3) normal at admission but impaired one week afterwards, and (4) impaired both at admission and one week afterwards. The former two groups had significantly better survival than the latter two groups: (median survival counted from day 7 after admission), 25.5, 27.0, 7.0, and 7.0 days, respectively. CONCLUSION Consciousness levels one week after admission should be integrated into survival prediction in advanced cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaw-Shiun Tsai
- 1 Hospice and Palliative Care Unit, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Hospital, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan
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Lee GJ, Ahn HS, Go SE, Kim JH, Seo MW, Kang SH, Yang YR, Lee MY, Lee KO, Chun SH, Jin JY. Patient's Factors at Entering Hospice Affecting Length of Survival in a Hospice Center. Cancer Res Treat 2014; 47:1-8. [PMID: 25345463 PMCID: PMC4296857 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2013.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In order to provide effective hospice care, adequate length of survival (LOS) in hospice is necessary. However the reported average LOS is much shorter. Analysis of LOS in hospice has not been reported from Korea. We evaluated the duration of LOS and the factors associated with LOS at our hospice center. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively examined 446 patients who were admitted to our hospice unit between January 2010 and December 2012. We performed univariate and multivariate analysis for analysis of factors associated with LOS. RESULTS The median LOS was 9.5 days (range, 1 to 186 days). The LOS of 389 patients (86.8%) was< 1 month. At the time of admission to hospice, 112 patients (25.2%) were completely bedridden, 110 patients (24.8%) had mouth care only without intake, and 134 patients (30.1%) had decreased consciousness, from confusion to coma. The median time interval between the day of the last anticancer treatment and the day of hospice admission was 75 days. By analysis of the results of multivariate analysis, decreased intake and laboratory results showing increased total white blood cell (WBC), decreased platelet count, increased serum creatinine, increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level were poor prognostic factors for survival in hospice. CONCLUSION Before hospice admission, careful evaluation of the patient's performance, particularly the oral intake, and total WBC, platelet, creatinine, AST, ALT, and LDH level is essential, because these were strong predictors of shorter LOS. In the future, conduct of prospective controlled studies is warranted in order to confirm the relationship between potential prognostic factors and LOS in hospice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guk Jin Lee
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Hye Shin Ahn
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Se Eun Go
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Min Wu Seo
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Seung Hun Kang
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Yeo Ree Yang
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Mi Yeong Lee
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Ku Ock Lee
- Hospice Unit, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Chun
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jong Youl Jin
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
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150
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Jang RW, Caraiscos VB, Swami N, Banerjee S, Mak E, Kaya E, Rodin G, Bryson J, Ridley JZ, Le LW, Zimmermann C. Simple prognostic model for patients with advanced cancer based on performance status. J Oncol Pract 2014; 10:e335-41. [PMID: 25118208 DOI: 10.1200/jop.2014.001457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Providing survival estimates is important for decision making in oncology care. The purpose of this study was to provide survival estimates for outpatients with advanced cancer, using the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), Palliative Performance Scale (PPS), and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) scales, and to compare their ability to predict survival. METHODS ECOG, PPS, and KPS were completed by physicians for each new patient attending the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre outpatient Oncology Palliative Care Clinic (OPCC) from April 2007 to February 2010. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The log-rank test for trend was employed to test for differences in survival curves for each level of performance status (PS), and the concordance index (C-statistic) was used to test the predictive discriminatory ability of each PS measure. RESULTS Measures were completed for 1,655 patients. PS delineated survival well for all three scales according to the log-rank test for trend (P < .001). Survival was approximately halved for each worsening performance level. Median survival times, in days, for each ECOG level were: EGOG 0, 293; ECOG 1, 197; ECOG 2, 104; ECOG 3, 55; and ECOG 4, 25.5. Median survival times, in days, for PPS (and KPS) were: PPS/KPS 80-100, 221 (215); PPS/KPS 60 to 70, 115 (119); PPS/KPS 40 to 50, 51 (49); PPS/KPS 10 to 30, 22 (29). The C-statistic was similar for all three scales and ranged from 0.63 to 0.64. CONCLUSION We present a simple tool that uses PS alone to prognosticate in advanced cancer, and has similar discriminatory ability to more complex models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond W Jang
- University of Toronto; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Valerie B Caraiscos
- University of Toronto; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nadia Swami
- University of Toronto; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Subrata Banerjee
- University of Toronto; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ernie Mak
- University of Toronto; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ebru Kaya
- University of Toronto; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gary Rodin
- University of Toronto; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Bryson
- University of Toronto; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia Z Ridley
- University of Toronto; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa W Le
- University of Toronto; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Camilla Zimmermann
- University of Toronto; and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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