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Zhang T, Zhou W, Jin W, Jin Q, Chen H. Direct detection of aromatic amines and observation of intermediates of Schiff-base reactions by reactive desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2012.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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102
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Shen L, Zhang J, Yang Q, Manicke NE, Ouyang Z. High throughput paper spray mass spectrometry analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 420:28-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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103
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LIU HY, ZHU JJ. Preparation of Electrochemical Immunosensor Using Gold Nanoclusters as Signal Amplification Labels. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(13)60646-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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104
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Morelato M, Beavis A, Kirkbride P, Roux C. Forensic applications of desorption electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (DESI-MS). Forensic Sci Int 2013; 226:10-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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105
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REN XX, LIU J, ZHANG CS, LUO H. Rapid and Direct Analysis of Active Ingredients in Drug Tablets Using Atmospheric Pressure Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(13)60636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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106
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Liu P, Lu M, Zheng Q, Zhang Y, Dewald HD, Chen H. Recent advances of electrochemical mass spectrometry. Analyst 2013; 138:5519-39. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an00709j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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107
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Li LP, Feng BS, Yang JW, Chang CL, Bai Y, Liu HW. Applications of ambient mass spectrometry in high-throughput screening. Analyst 2013; 138:3097-103. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an00119a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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108
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Zhu Z, Han J, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Xu N, Zhang B, Gu H, Chen H. Sensitive ionization of non-volatile analytes using protein solutions as spray liquid in desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2012; 26:2770-2776. [PMID: 23124668 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) is the most popular ambient ionization technique for direct analysis of complex samples without sample pretreatment. However, for many applications, especially for trace analysis, it is of interest to improve the sensitivity of DESI-mass spectrometry (MS). METHODS In traditional DESI-MS, a mixture of methanol/water/acetic acid is usually used to generate the primary ions. In this article, dilute protein solutions were electrosprayed in the DESI method to create multiply charged primary ions for the desorption ionization of trace analytes on various surfaces (e.g., filter paper, glass, Al-foil) without any sample pretreatment. The analyte ions were then detected and structurally characterized using a LTQ XL mass spectrometer. RESULTS Compared with the methanol/water/acetic acid (49:49:2, v/v/v) solution, protein solutions significantly increased the signal levels of non-volatile compounds such as benzoic acid, TNT, o-toluidine, peptide and insulin in either positive or negative ion detection mode. For all the analytes tested, the limits of detection (LODs) were reduced to about half of the original values which were obtained using traditional DESI. The results showed that the signal enhancement is highly correlated with the molecular weight of the proteins and the selected solid surfaces. CONCLUSIONS The proposed DESI method is a universal strategy for rapid and sensitive detection of trace amounts of strongly bound and/or non-volatile analytes, including explosives, peptides, and proteins. The results indicate that the sensitivity of DESI can be further improved by selecting larger proteins and appropriate solid surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330013, PR China
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109
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Douglass KA, Jain S, Brandt WR, Venter AR. Deconstructing desorption electrospray ionization: independent optimization of desorption and ionization by spray desorption collection. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2012; 23:1896-1902. [PMID: 22907171 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-012-0468-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Spray desorption collection (SDC) and reflective electrospray ionization (RESI) were used to independently study the desorption and ionization processes that together comprise desorption electrospray ionization (DESI). Both processes depend on several instrumental parameters, including the nebulizing gas flow rate, applied potential, and source geometries. Each of these parameters was optimized for desorption, as represented by the results obtained by SDC, and ionization, as represented by the results obtained by RESI. The optimized conditions were then compared to the optimization results for DESI. Our results confirm that optimal conditions for desorption and ionization are different and that in some cases the optimized DESI conditions are a compromise between both sets. The respective results for DESI, RESI, and SDC for each parameter were compared across the methods to draw conclusions about the contribution of each parameter to desorption and ionization separately and then combined within DESI. Our results indicate that desorption efficiency is (1) independent of the applied potential and (2) the impact zone to inlet distance, and that (3) gas pressure settings and (4) sprayer to impact zone distances above optimal for DESI are detrimental to desorption but beneficial for ionization. In addition, possible interpretations for the observed trends are presented.
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Abstract
Sample preparation has historically been, and continues to be, the most challenging part of the bioanalytical workflow. Several techniques have been developed over the years to deal with the problems of recovery and matrix effects in an effort to increase the reliability and robustness of the bioanalytical method. In recent years certain techniques have come into prominence and gained acceptance in routine sample preparation, and some have shown promise in their use in a discovery environment where speed is critical and method development time is often limited. The aim of this review is to examine several of these techniques and provide examples of their use from the literature, as well as comment on their utility in current workflows.
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111
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Romão W, Sabino BD, Bueno MIM, Vaz BG, Júnior AC, Maldaner AO, de Castro EV, Lordeiro RA, Nascentes CC, Eberlin MN, Augusti R. LSD and 9,10-dihydro-LSD Analyses in Street Drug Blotter Samples via Easy Ambient Sonic-Spray Ionization MassSpectrometry (EASI-MS). J Forensic Sci 2012; 57:1307-12. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02237.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 01/29/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanderson Romão
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory; Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP; Campinas SP 13084-971 Brazil
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Espírito Santo; Vitória ES 29075-910 Brazil
| | - Bruno D. Sabino
- Carlos Éboli Institute of Criminalistic; Rio de Janeiro 20060-050 Brazil
| | - Maria Izabel M.S. Bueno
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory; Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP; Campinas SP 13084-971 Brazil
| | - Boniek G. Vaz
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory; Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP; Campinas SP 13084-971 Brazil
| | - Amadeu C. Júnior
- Carlos Éboli Institute of Criminalistic; Rio de Janeiro 20060-050 Brazil
| | - Adriano O. Maldaner
- Brazilian Federal Police, Ministry of Justice, National Institute of Criminalistic - INC; Brasilia DF 70390-145 Brazil
| | | | - Rogério A. Lordeiro
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG 29075-910 Brazil
- Institute of Criminalistic - Civil Police of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG 30180-060 Brazil
| | - Clésia C. Nascentes
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG 29075-910 Brazil
| | - Marcos N. Eberlin
- ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory; Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP; Campinas SP 13084-971 Brazil
| | - Rodinei Augusti
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte MG 29075-910 Brazil
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112
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Przybylski C, Gonnet F, Buchmann W, Daniel R. Critical parameters for the analysis of anionic oligosaccharides by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2012; 47:1047-1058. [PMID: 22899514 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Sulfated oligosaccharides derived from glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are fragile compounds, highly polar and anionic. We report here on the rare but successful application of desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) - LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (MS) to the high-resolution analysis of anionic and sulfated oligosaccharides derived from the GAGs hyaluronic acid and heparin. For that purpose, key parameters affecting DESI performance, comprising the geometric parameters of the DESI source, the probed surface and the spraying conditions, applied spray voltage, flow rates and solvent composition were investigated. Under suitable conditions, the DESI technique allows the preservation of the structural integrity of such fragile compounds. DESI enabled the sensitive detection of anionic hyaluronic acid and heparin oligosaccharides with a limit of detection (LOD) down to 5 fmol (≈10 pg) for the hyaluronic acid decasaccharide. Detection of hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides in urine sample was also successfully achieved with LOD values inferior to the ng range. Multistage tandem mass spectrometry (MS(n) ) through the combination of the DESI source with a hybrid linear ion trap-orbitrap mass spectrometer allowed the discrimination of isomeric sulfated oligosaccharides and the sequence determination of a hyaluronic acid decasaccharide. These results open promising ways in glycomic and glycobiology fields where structure-activity relationships of bioactive carbohydrates are currently questioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Przybylski
- CNRS UMR 8587, Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l'Environnement, F-91025, Evry, France
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113
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Laskin J, Eckert PA, Roach PJ, Heath BS, Nizkorodov SA, Laskin A. Chemical Analysis of Complex Organic Mixtures Using Reactive Nanospray Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2012; 84:7179-87. [DOI: 10.1021/ac301533z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sergey A. Nizkorodov
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California,
Irvine, California 92697-2025,
United States
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114
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Campbell DI, Ferreira CR, Eberlin LS, Cooks RG. Improved spatial resolution in the imaging of biological tissue using desorption electrospray ionization. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:389-98. [PMID: 22706326 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6173-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Desorption electrospray ionization imaging allows biomarker discovery and disease diagnosis through chemical characterization of biological samples in their native environment. Optimization of experimental parameters including emitter capillary size, solvent composition, solvent flow rate, mass spectrometry scan-rate and step-size is shown here to improve the resolution available in the study of biological tissue from 180 μm to about 35 μm using an unmodified commercial mass spectrometer. Mouse brain tissue was used to optimize and measure resolution based on known morphological features and their known relationships to major phospholipid components. Features of approximately 35 μm were resolved and correlations drawn between features in grey matter (principally PS (18:0/22:6), m/z 834) and in white matter (principally ST (24:1), m/z 888). The improved spatial resolution allowed characterization of the temporal changes in lipid profiles occurring within mouse ovaries during the ovulatory cycle. An increase in the production of phosphatidylinositol (PI 38:4) m/z 885 and associated fatty acids such as arachidonic acid (FA 20:4) m/z 303 and adrenic acid (FA 22:4) m/z 331was seen with the postovulatory formation of the corpus luteum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahlia I Campbell
- Chemistry Department, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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115
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Morelato M, Beavis A, Ogle A, Doble P, Kirkbride P, Roux C. Screening of gunshot residues using desorption electrospray ionisation–mass spectrometry (DESI–MS). Forensic Sci Int 2012; 217:101-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Revised: 09/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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116
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Fuchs B. Analysis of phospolipids and glycolipids by thin-layer chromatography-matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1259:62-73. [PMID: 22503924 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thin-layer chromatography-matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization mass spectrometry (TLC-MALDI-MS) of organic extracts from biological samples allows untargeted analysis and structural characterization of phospholipids and glycolipids ionized from the near-surface region of a sample separated on a TLC-plate. In particular, MALDI-MS enables the sensitive detection of many analytes directly from the solid surface of an ordinary TLC-plate even without previous staining. It will be shown that the detailed fatty acyl composition of phospholipids can be determined solely by TLC-MALDI-MS without previous derivatization, enzymatic cleavage and/or reversed phase separation. MALDI-time-of-flight (TOF) MS is thus a powerful method in this field due to its high sensitivity, low extent of induced fragmentation and simple, user-friendly performance. This review summarizes the so far available knowledge about combined TLC-MALDI-MS for phospholipid and glycolipid characterization together with the technical workflow and a survey of applications. Finally a perspective on the future of TLC-MALDI-MS is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Fuchs
- University of Leipzig, Medical Department, Institute of Medical Physics & Biophysics, Härtelstr. 16/18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany.
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117
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Zhang J, Li Z, Zhang C, Feng B, Zhou Z, Bai Y, Liu H. Graphite-Coated Paper as Substrate for High Sensitivity Analysis in Ambient Surface-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2012; 84:3296-301. [DOI: 10.1021/ac300002g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular
Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of
Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Ze Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular
Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of
Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Chengsen Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular
Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of
Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Baosheng Feng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular
Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of
Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Zhigui Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular
Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of
Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Yu Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular
Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of
Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
| | - Huwei Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular
Sciences,
Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of
Ministry of Education, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, College
of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P.R. China
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118
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D'Aloise P, Chen H. Rapid determination of flunitrazepam in alcoholic beverages by desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Sci Justice 2012; 52:2-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2011.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Revised: 08/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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119
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Garimella S, Xu W, Huang G, Harper JD, Cooks RG, Ouyang Z. Gas-flow assisted ion transfer for mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2012; 47:201-207. [PMID: 22359330 DOI: 10.1002/jms.2955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Methods and devices that use gas flows to collect ions and transfer them over long distances for mass spectrometric analysis have been developed. Gas flows derived from the ionization source itself or provided by means of additional pumping were used to generate a laminar flow inside cylindrical tube. Hydrodynamic simulations and experimental tests demonstrate that laminar flow can transfer ions over long distance. The typical angular discrimination effects encountered when sampling ions from ambient ionization sources are minimized, and the sampling of relatively large surface areas is demonstrated with desorption electrospray ionization (DESI). Ion transfer over 6 m has been achieved and its application to multiplexed chemical analysis is demonstrated on samples at locations remote from the mass spectrometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandilya Garimella
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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120
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Ma L, Xin B, Chen Y. Direct mass spectrometric detection of trace explosives in soil samples. Analyst 2012; 137:1730-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an16058g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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121
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Fabrizi G, Fioretti M, Mainero Rocca L, Curini R. DESI-MS2: a rapid and innovative method for trace analysis of six cytostatic drugs in health care setting. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 403:973-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5626-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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122
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Romão W, Vaz BG, Lalli PM, Bueno MIMS, Correa DN, Telles VLCN, de Castro EVR, Eberlin MN. Analyzing Brazilian Vehicle Documents for Authenticity by Easy Ambient Sonic-Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry*. J Forensic Sci 2011; 57:539-43. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.02005.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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123
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Huang MZ, Cheng SC, Cho YT, Shiea J. Ambient ionization mass spectrometry: A tutorial. Anal Chim Acta 2011; 702:1-15. [PMID: 21819855 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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124
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Ferguson CN, Benchaar SA, Miao Z, Loo JA, Chen H. Direct ionization of large proteins and protein complexes by desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2011; 83:6468-73. [PMID: 21774530 DOI: 10.1021/ac201390w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) has advantages for rapid sample analysis with little or no sample pretreatment, but performance for large biomolecules has not been demonstrated. In this study, liquid sample DESI, an extended version of DESI used for analysis of liquid samples, was shown to have capabilities for direct ionization of large noncovalent protein complexes (>45 kDa) and proteins (up to 150 kDa). Protein complex ions (e.g., superoxide dismutase, enolase, and hemoglobin) desorbed from solution by liquid sample DESI were measured intact, indicating the capability of DESI for preserving weak noncovalent interactions. Doping the DESI spray solvent with supercharging reagents resulted in protein complex ions having increased multiple charging without complex dissociation. Ion mobility measurements of model protein cytochrome c showed that the supercharging reagent favored the more compact conformation for the lower charged protein ions. Liquid sample DESI of hydrophobic peptide gramicidin D suggests that the ionization mechanism involves a droplet pick-up mixing process. Measurement of liquid samples significantly extends the mass range of DESI-MS, allowing the analysis of high-mass proteins such as 150 kDa immunoglobulin G (IgG) and thus represents the largest protein successfully ionized by DESI to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly N Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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125
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Miao Z, Chen H, Liu P, Liu Y. Development of Submillisecond Time-Resolved Mass Spectrometry Using Desorption Electrospray Ionization. Anal Chem 2011; 83:3994-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac200842e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Miao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Intelligent Chemical Instrumentation, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Intelligent Chemical Instrumentation, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Pengyuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Intelligent Chemical Instrumentation, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Intelligent Chemical Instrumentation, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
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126
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Twohig M, Skilton SJ, Fujimoto G, Ellor N, Plumb RS. Rapid detection and identification of counterfeit and [corrected] adulterated products of synthetic phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors with an atmospheric solids analysis probe. Drug Test Anal 2011; 2:45-50. [PMID: 20878886 DOI: 10.1002/dta.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The market success of the three approved synthetic phosphodiesterase type-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors for the treatment of erectile dysfunction has led to an explosion in counterfeit versions of these drugs. In parallel a large market has developed for herbal products claimed to be natural alternatives to these synthetic drugs. The herbal products are heavily advertised on the internet and are freely available to purchase without prescription. Furthermore, adulteration of these supposed natural medicines is a very common and serious phenomenon. Recent reports have shown that the adulteration has extended to the analogues of the three approved synthetic PDE-5 inhibitors. An Atmospheric Solids Analysis Probe (ASAP) was used for the direct analysis of the counterfeit pharmaceuticals and herbal products. Using the ASAP combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF MS) it was possible to detect fraudulent counterfeit tablets. The physical appearance of the pills resembled the pills from the original manufacturer but contained the wrong active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). Detecting adulteration for five herbal supplements marketed as natural alternatives to PDE-5 inhibitors was also possible using the ASAP. Three types of adulteration were found in the five samples: adulteration with tadalafil or sildenafil, mixed adulteration (tadalafil and sildenafil), and adulteration with analogues of these drugs.
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127
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Gillespie TA, Winger BE. Mass spectrometry for small molecule pharmaceutical product development: a review. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2011; 30:479-490. [PMID: 21500245 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Developing a pharmaceutical product has become increasingly difficult and expensive. With an emphasis on developing project knowledge at an earlier stage in development, the use of information-rich technologies (particularly MS) has continued to expand throughout product development. Continued improvements in LC/MS technology have widened the scope of utilizing MS methods for performing both qualitative and quantitative applications within product development. This review describes a multi-tiered MS strategy designed to enhance and accelerate the identification and profiling of both process- and degradation-related impurities in either the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) or formulated product. Such impurities can be formed either during chemical synthesis, formulation, or during storage. This review provides an overview of a variety of orthogonal-mass spectrometric methodologies, namely GC/MS, LC/MS, and ICP-MS, in support of product development. This review is not meant to be all inclusive; however, it has been written to highlight the increasing use of hyphenated MS techniques within the pharmaceutical development area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Gillespie
- Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, USA.
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128
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Liu W, Liu S, Li H, Song F, Liu Z, Liu S. Binding of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein with aconitum alkaloids: an investigation using an intensity fading matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform mass spectrometry method. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:973-978. [PMID: 21416535 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Intensity fading matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (IF-MALDI) mass spectrometry has become an alternative screening approach for the affinity-binding analysis of proteins and peptides with ligands. In this study, an attempt has been made to study the interaction of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) with aconitum alkaloids by IF-MALDI Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (IF-MALDI-FT-MS). Compared with the nonbinding internal standard, clear reduction in the ion abundances of the target alkaloids was observed with the addition of AGP. Relative binding affinities of different alkaloids towards the protein could also be estimated using IF-MALDI-FT-MS. The binding affinity was also investigated by using ultrafiltration liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ultrafiltration LC-DAD/ESI-MS), and results were consistent with that of IF-MALDI-FT-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Liu
- Changchun Center of Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, PR China
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129
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Perry RH, Splendore M, Chien A, Davis NK, Zare RN. Detecting reaction intermediates in liquids on the millisecond time scale using desorption electrospray ionization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:250-4. [PMID: 21110361 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201004861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard H Perry
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305-5080, USA
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130
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Chemical profile of meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-CPP) in ecstasy tablets by easy ambient sonic-spray ionization, X-ray fluorescence, ion mobility mass spectrometry and NMR. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 400:3053-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4883-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Revised: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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131
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Huang D, Luo L, Jiang C, Han J, Wang J, Zhang T, Jiang J, Zhou Z, Chen H. Sinapine detection in radish taproot using surface desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:2148-2156. [PMID: 21332204 DOI: 10.1021/jf103725f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Plant research and natural product detection are of sustainable interests. Benefited by direct detection with no sample preparation, sinapine, a bioactive chemical usually found in various seeds of Brassica plants, has been unambiguously detected in radish taproot (Raphanus sativus) tissue using a liquid-assisted surface desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (DAPCI-MS). A methanol aqueous solution (1:1) was nebulized by a nitrogen sheath gas toward the corona discharge, resulting in charged ambient small droplets, which affected the radish tissue for desorption/ionization of analytes on the tissue surface. Thus, sinapine was directly detected and identified by tandem DAPCI-MS experiments without sample pretreatment. The typical relative standard deviation (RSD) of this method for sinapine detection was 5-8% for six measurements (S/N=3). The dynamic response range was 10(-12)-10(-7) g/cm2 for sinapine on the radish skin surface. The discovery of sinapine in radish taproot was validated by using HPLC-UV methods. The data demonstrated that DAPCI assisted by solvent enhanced the overall efficiency of the desorption/ionization process, enabling sensitive detection of bioactive compounds in plant tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejuan Huang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, College of Chemistry, Biology and Material Science, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330013, People's Republic of China
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132
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Wang H, Manicke NE, Yang Q, Zheng L, Shi R, Cooks RG, Ouyang Z. Direct analysis of biological tissue by paper spray mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2011; 83:1197-201. [PMID: 21247069 PMCID: PMC3039116 DOI: 10.1021/ac103150a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS) is explored as a fast and convenient way for direct analysis of molecules in tissues with minimum sample pretreatment. This technique allows direct detection of different types of compounds such as hormones, lipids, and therapeutic drugs in short total analysis times (less than 1 min) using a small volume of tissue sample (typically 1 mm(3) or less). The tissue sample could be obtained by needle aspiration biopsy, by punch biopsy, or by rubbing a thin tissue section across the paper. There exists potential for the application of paper spray mass spectrometry together with tissue biopsy for clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Qian Yang
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Lingxing Zheng
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Riyi Shi
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - R. Graham Cooks
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Center for Analytical Instrumentation Development, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Zheng Ouyang
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Center for Analytical Instrumentation Development, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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133
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Barbula GK, Safi S, Chingin K, Perry RH, Zare RN. Interfacing capillary-based separations to mass spectrometry using desorption electrospray ionization. Anal Chem 2011; 83:1955-9. [PMID: 21319740 DOI: 10.1021/ac102648k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The powerful hybrid analysis method of capillary-based separations followed by mass spectrometric analysis gives substantial chemical identity and structural information. It is usually carried out using electrospray ionization. However, the salts and detergents used in the mobile phase for electrokinetic separations suppress ionization efficiencies and contaminate the inlet of the mass spectrometer. This report describes a new method that uses desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) to overcome these limitations. Effluent from capillary columns is deposited on a rotating Teflon disk that is covered with paper. As the surface rotates, the temporal separation of the eluting analytes (i.e., the electropherogram) is spatially encoded on the surface. Then, using DESI, surface-deposited analytes are preferentially ionized, reducing the effects of ion suppression and inlet contamination on signal. With the use of this novel approach, two capillary-based separations were performed: a mixture of the rhodamine dyes at milligram/milliliter levels in a 10 mM sodium borate solution was separated by capillary electrophoresis, and a mixture of three cardiac drugs at milligram/milliliter levels in a 12.5 mM sodium borate and 12.5 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate solution was separated by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. In both experiments, the negative effects of detergents and salts on the MS analyses were minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griffin K Barbula
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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134
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Jain S, Heiser A, Venter AR. Spray desorption collection: an alternative to swabbing for pharmaceutical cleaning validation. Analyst 2011; 136:1298-301. [PMID: 21258676 DOI: 10.1039/c0an00728e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Spray Desorption Collection (SDC) allows for much larger areas of surfaces to be sampled compared to traditional swabbing techniques, providing a valuable pre-concentration advantage. Closely related to desorption electrospray ionization (DESI), analytes from the sample surface are collected onto a selected collection surface, which in a second step can be analyzed directly. Here we demonstrate the application of SDC as a large surface area sampling tool coupled with paper spray MS (PS-MS) and demonstrate its capabilities for cleaning validation of pharmaceutical equipment for both acidic and basic active ingredients from an aluminium surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
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135
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Richards AL, Marshall DD, Inutan ED, McEwen CN, Trimpin S. High-throughput analysis of peptides and proteins by laserspray ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:247-250. [PMID: 21157869 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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136
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137
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Sabino BD, Romão W, Sodré ML, Correa DN, Pinto DBR, Alonso FOM, Eberlin MN. Analysis of Cocaine and Crack Cocaine via Thin Layer Chromatography Coupled to Easy Ambient Sonic-Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2011.26075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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138
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Vaikkinen A, Kotiaho T, Kostiainen R, Kauppila T. Desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization with polydimethylsiloxane as extraction phase and sample plate material. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 682:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Revised: 09/03/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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139
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Xu W, Manicke NE, Cooks GR, Ouyang Z. Miniaturization of Mass Spectrometry Analysis Systems. JALA (CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA.) 2010; 15:433-439. [PMID: 21278840 PMCID: PMC3026596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jala.2010.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The key concepts and technologies developed in our laboratories in Purdue University for the miniaturization of mass spectrometry analysis systems are introduced. Mass analyzers of simple geometries with a novel atmospheric pressure interface were employed allowed reduction in the size of the ion trap mass spectrometer. Ambient ionization methods were developed and coupled to miniature mass spectrometers to allow direct MS analysis of complex samples without sample preparation and chemical separation. The performance of desorption electrospray ionization, low temperature plasma probe, paper spray as well as two handheld MS systems, Mini 10 and Mini 11, are described with demonstrations of capabilities for chemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | | | - Graham R. Cooks
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Zheng Ouyang
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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140
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Perry RH, Splendore M, Chien A, Davis NK, Zare RN. Detecting Reaction Intermediates in Liquids on the Millisecond Time Scale Using Desorption Electrospray Ionization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201004861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard H. Perry
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305‐5080 (USA), Fax: (+650)725‐0259
| | - Maurizio Splendore
- Stanford University Mass Spectrometry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305‐5080 (USA)
| | - Allis Chien
- Stanford University Mass Spectrometry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305‐5080 (USA)
| | - Nick K. Davis
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305‐5080 (USA), Fax: (+650)725‐0259
| | - Richard N. Zare
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, 333 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305‐5080 (USA), Fax: (+650)725‐0259
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141
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Przybylski C, Gonnet F, Hersant Y, Bonnaffé D, Lortat-Jacob H, Daniel R. Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry of Glycosaminoglycans and Their Protein Noncovalent Complex. Anal Chem 2010; 82:9225-33. [DOI: 10.1021/ac1016198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Przybylski
- CNRS UMR 8587, Université d’Evry-Val-d’Essonne, Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l’Environnement, F-91025 Evry, France, CNRS UMR 8182, Université d’Orsay, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Multifonctionnelle, ICMO, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France, and Institut de Biologie Structurale, CNRS, CEA, Université Joseph Fourier, UMR 5075, 38027 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - F. Gonnet
- CNRS UMR 8587, Université d’Evry-Val-d’Essonne, Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l’Environnement, F-91025 Evry, France, CNRS UMR 8182, Université d’Orsay, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Multifonctionnelle, ICMO, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France, and Institut de Biologie Structurale, CNRS, CEA, Université Joseph Fourier, UMR 5075, 38027 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Y. Hersant
- CNRS UMR 8587, Université d’Evry-Val-d’Essonne, Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l’Environnement, F-91025 Evry, France, CNRS UMR 8182, Université d’Orsay, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Multifonctionnelle, ICMO, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France, and Institut de Biologie Structurale, CNRS, CEA, Université Joseph Fourier, UMR 5075, 38027 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - D. Bonnaffé
- CNRS UMR 8587, Université d’Evry-Val-d’Essonne, Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l’Environnement, F-91025 Evry, France, CNRS UMR 8182, Université d’Orsay, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Multifonctionnelle, ICMO, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France, and Institut de Biologie Structurale, CNRS, CEA, Université Joseph Fourier, UMR 5075, 38027 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - H. Lortat-Jacob
- CNRS UMR 8587, Université d’Evry-Val-d’Essonne, Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l’Environnement, F-91025 Evry, France, CNRS UMR 8182, Université d’Orsay, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Multifonctionnelle, ICMO, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France, and Institut de Biologie Structurale, CNRS, CEA, Université Joseph Fourier, UMR 5075, 38027 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - R. Daniel
- CNRS UMR 8587, Université d’Evry-Val-d’Essonne, Laboratoire Analyse et Modélisation pour la Biologie et l’Environnement, F-91025 Evry, France, CNRS UMR 8182, Université d’Orsay, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Multifonctionnelle, ICMO, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France, and Institut de Biologie Structurale, CNRS, CEA, Université Joseph Fourier, UMR 5075, 38027 Grenoble Cedex, France
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142
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143
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Özdemir A, Chen CH. Electrode-assisted desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2010; 45:1203-1211. [PMID: 20857387 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A new ion source has been developed for rapid, noncontact analysis of materials at ambient conditions. The method provides desorption of analytes under ambient conditions directly from different surfaces with little or no sample preparation. The new method, termed electrode-assisted desorption electrospray ionization (EADESI), is on the basis of the ionization of molecules on different surfaces by highly charged droplets produced on a sharp-edged high voltage tip, and ions produced are introduced into the mass spectrometer through a capillary. The EADESI technique can be applied to various samples including amino acids, peptides, proteins, drugs and human fluids such as urine and blood. EADESI is promising for routine analyses in different fields such as forensic, environmental and material sciences. EADESI interface can be fit to a conventional ion-trap mass spectrometer. It can be used for various types of samples with a broad mass range. EADESI can also provide real-time analysis which is very valuable for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdil Özdemir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, 54187 Esentepe, Sakarya, Turkey
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144
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Basile F, Sibray T, Belisle JT, Bowen RA. Analysis of lipids from crude lung tissue extracts by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and pattern recognition. Anal Biochem 2010; 408:289-96. [PMID: 20868645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Revised: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 09/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A method is described using desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) mass spectrometry (MS) to obtain phospholipid mass spectral profiles from crude lung tissue extracts. The measured DESI mass spectral lipid fingerprints were then analyzed by unsupervised learning principal components analysis (PCA). This combined approach was used to differentiate the effect(s) of two vaccination routes on lipid composition in mouse lungs. Specifically, the two vaccination routes compared were intranasal (i.n.) and intradermal (i.d.) inoculation of the Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain (Ft-LVS). Lung samples of control and LVS-inoculated mice were quickly extracted with a methanol/chloroform solution, and the crude extract was directly analyzed by DESI-MS, with a total turnaround time of less than 10 min/sample. All of the measured DESI mass spectra (in both positive and negative ion mode) were compared via PCA, resulting in clear differentiation of mass spectral profiles of i.n.-inoculated mouse lung tissues from those of i.d.-inoculated and control mouse lung tissues. Lipid biomarkers responsible for sample differentiation were identified via tandem MS (MS/MS) measurements or by comparison with mass spectra of lipid standards. The DESI-MS approach described here provided a practical and rapid means to analyze tissue samples without extensive extractions and solvent changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Basile
- Department of Chemistry, University Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
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145
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Zhang X, Jia B, Huang K, Hu B, Chen R, Chen H. Tracing Origins of Complex Pharmaceutical Preparations Using Surface Desorption Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2010; 82:8060-70. [DOI: 10.1021/ac100407k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinglei Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, East China Institute of Technology, Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province 344000, P. R. China, and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130023, P. R. China
| | - Bin Jia
- Department of Applied Chemistry, East China Institute of Technology, Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province 344000, P. R. China, and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130023, P. R. China
| | - Keke Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, East China Institute of Technology, Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province 344000, P. R. China, and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130023, P. R. China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, East China Institute of Technology, Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province 344000, P. R. China, and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130023, P. R. China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, East China Institute of Technology, Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province 344000, P. R. China, and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130023, P. R. China
| | - Huanwen Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, East China Institute of Technology, Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province 344000, P. R. China, and College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130023, P. R. China
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146
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Chan CC, Bolgar MS, Miller SA, Attygalle AB. Desorption ionization by charge exchange (DICE) for sample analysis under ambient conditions by mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2010; 21:1554-1560. [PMID: 20542709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2010.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Revised: 04/29/2010] [Accepted: 04/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
An ambient pressure ionization technique for mass spectrometric analysis of substances present on solid surfaces was developed. A nebulized spray containing molecular ions of a solvent such as toluene can be generated by passing the solvent through a stainless steel capillary held at a high voltage. When the stream of charged droplets produced in this way is directed onto a solid surface, the analytes present on the surface are desorbed and ionized by a charge exchange process. This technique was shown to desorb and generate positively charged molecular ions from compounds that are not readily ionized by some other ambient methods, under positive-ion generation mode. For example, intense signals representing radical cations of 1,4-hydroquinone, limonene, thymol, and several other compounds were observed when the analytes were deposited on a metal surface and exposed to a toluene spray nebulized from the metal capillary maintained at a potential of about +5 kV. In contrast, when the same samples were exposed to a spray of water/methanol/formic acid under customary DESI-like (positive-ion mode) conditions, no peaks representing the analytes were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ching Chan
- Center for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology, and Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, USA
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147
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Gerbig S, Takáts Z. Analysis of triglycerides in food items by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2010; 24:2186-92. [PMID: 20583323 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The triglyceride composition and oxidation behavior of edible oil and margarine samples were analyzed by desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS). For the characterization of the lipids, the chain length and the degree of unsaturation of the fatty acids were determined. The measurements were carried out in positive ion mode; the triglycerides were detected as alkali metal or ammonium adducts. The DESI solvent was water/methanol 1:1 (v/v); measurements were carried out both with and without the addition, as an ionizing agent, of ammonium acetate that enhances the signal intensity of the ammonium adduct ions. The spectra were interpreted for both cases and intensities were compared. Triglyceride monomers and dimers were observed in the spectra. Tandem mass spectrometric (MS/MS) measurements were carried out to determine the structure of the triglycerides. It was demonstrated that the terminal fatty acids in the sn1- or sn3-position are more likely to be cleaved than the internal fatty acid (sn2-position). Characteristic triglyceride patterns were obtained using a simple and rapid sample preparation protocol comprising the simple deposition of samples onto a glass carrier surface. The triglyceride data was analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA). The different edible oils were clearly separated and the hydrogenated derivatives were identified by their triglyceride spectra. The oxidation of the oil samples was observed and the oxidation products were detected and identified. This method provides a fast and simple technique for the detection and analysis of triglycerides in oil- or fat-containing samples ranging from food items to tissue samples. The potential application areas include nutritional studies, the food industry and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Gerbig
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University, Schubertstrasse 60, Giessen, D-35392 Germany
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148
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CHEN HW, HU B, ZHANG X. Principle and Application of Ambient Mass Spectrometry for Direct Analysis of Complex Samples. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(09)60060-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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149
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Badu-Tawiah A, Cooks RG. Enhanced ion signals in desorption electrospray ionization using surfactant spray solutions. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2010; 21:1423-1431. [PMID: 20483640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2010.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2010] [Revised: 03/30/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Solvent optimization is an important procedure in desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) and in this study the effects of solvent surface tension are explored. Data are presented for methanol/water/surfactant solvent systems, which show increases in ion signals of more than an order of magnitude when low concentrations of surfactants are added to the standard methanol/water (1:1) spray solvent. Examples of analytes tested include food chemicals, peptides, pharmaceuticals, and drugs of abuse. The improvement in ion intensity is mainly attributed to the effect of surface tension in producing smaller spray droplets, which are shown to cover a larger surface area. Surfactant-containing spray solutions allowed extension of DESI-MS analysis to previously intractable analytes like melamine and highly hydrophobic compounds like the sudan dyes.
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150
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Zhu L, Hu Z, Gamez G, Law WS, Chen H, Yang S, Chingin K, Balabin RM, Wang R, Zhang T, Zenobi R. Simultaneous sampling of volatile and non-volatile analytes in beer for fast fingerprinting by extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:405-13. [PMID: 20644917 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3945-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2010] [Revised: 06/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
By gently bubbling nitrogen gas through beer, an effervescent beverage, both volatile and non-volatile compounds can be simultaneously sampled in the form of aerosol. This allows for fast (within seconds) fingerprinting by extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (EESI-MS) in both negative and positive ion mode, without the need for any sample pre-treatment such as degassing and dilution. Trace analytes such as volatile esters (e.g., ethyl acetate and isoamyl acetate), free fatty acids (e.g., caproic acid, caprylic acid, and capric acid), semi/non-volatile organic/inorganic acids (e.g., lactic acid), and various amino acids, commonly present in beer at the low parts per million or at sub-ppm levels, were detected and identified based on tandem MS data. Furthermore, the appearance of solvent cluster ions in the mass spectra gives insight into the sampling and ionization mechanisms: aerosol droplets containing semi/non-volatile substances are thought to be generated via bubble bursting at the surface of the liquid; these neutral aerosol droplets then collide with the charged primary electrospray ionization droplets, followed by analyte extraction, desolvation, ionization, and MS detection. With principal component analysis, several beer samples were successfully differentiated. Therefore, the present study successfully extends the applicability of EESI-MS to the direct analysis of complex liquid samples with high gas content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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