101
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Bai W, Hu Z, Xiao C, Guo J, Li Z, Zou Y, Liu X, Zhao J, Tong W, Yan W, Qu Z, Ye B, Xie Y. Parasitic Ferromagnetism in Few-Layered Transition-Metal Chalcogenophosphate. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10849-10855. [PMID: 32432866 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Since the rise of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors, it seems that electronic devices will soon be upgraded with spintronics, in which the manipulation of spin degree of freedom endows it obvious advantages over conventional charge-based electronics. However, as the most crucial prerequisite for the above-mentioned expectation, 2D semiconductors with adjustable magnetic interaction are still rare, which has greatly hampered the promotion of spintronics. Recently, transition metal phosphates have attracted tremendous interest due to their intrinsic antiferromagnetism and potential applications in spintronics. In the work described herein, parasitic ferromagnetism is achieved for the first time by exfoliating an antiferromagnetic chalcogenophosphate to a few layers. Taking the transition metal chalcogenophosphate Mn2P2S6 as an example, the antiferromagnetic transition at the Néel temperature is completely suppressed, and the magnetic behaviors of the as-obtained few-layered Mn2P2S6 are dominated by parasitic ferromagnetism. We experimentally verify an electron redistribution by which part of the Mn 3d electrons migrate and redistribute on P atoms in few-layered Mn2P2S6 due to the introduced Mn vacancies. The results demonstrated here broaden the tunability of the material's magnetic properties and open up a new strategy to rationally design the magnetic behaviors of 2D semiconductors, which could accelerate the applications of spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Bai
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhongqiang Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Chong Xiao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.,Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
| | - Junqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Youming Zou
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory (HMFL), Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Xuguang Liu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jiyin Zhao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Wei Tong
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory (HMFL), Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Wensheng Yan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Qu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory (HMFL), Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, CAS, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
| | - Bangjiao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.,Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui 230031, P. R. China
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102
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Pasquini C, D'Amario L, Zaharieva I, Dau H. Operando Raman spectroscopy tracks oxidation-state changes in an amorphous Co oxide material for electrocatalysis of the oxygen evolution reaction. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:194202. [PMID: 33687254 DOI: 10.1063/5.0006306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal oxides are of high interest in both energy storage (batteries) and production of non-fossil fuels by (photo)electrocatalysis. Their functionally crucial charge (oxidation state) changes and electrocatalytic properties are best investigated under electrochemical operation conditions. We established operando Raman spectroscopy for investigation of the atomic structure and oxidation state of a non-crystalline, hydrated, and phosphate-containing Co oxide material (CoCat), which is an electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at neutral pH and is structurally similar to LiCoO2 of batteries. Raman spectra were collected at various sub-catalytic and catalytic electric potentials. 2H labeling suggests Co oxidation coupled to Co-OH deprotonation at catalytic potentials. 18O labeling supports O-O bond formation starting from terminally coordinated oxygen species. Two broad bands around 877 cm-1 and 1077 cm-1 are assigned to CoCat-internal H2PO4 -. Raman peaks corresponding to terminal oxide (Co=O) or reactive oxygen species were not detectable; 1000-1200 cm-1 bands were instead assigned to two-phonon Raman scattering. At an increasingly positive potential, the intensity of the Raman bands decreased, which is unexpected and explained by self-absorption relating to CoCat electrochromism. A red-shift of the Co-O Raman bands with increasing potentials was described by four Gaussian bands of potential-dependent amplitudes. By linear combination of Raman band amplitudes, we can follow individually the Co(2+/3+) and Co(3+/4+) redox transitions, whereas previously published x-ray absorption spectroscopy analysis could determine only the averaged Co oxidation state. Our results show how electrochemical operando Raman spectroscopy can be employed as a potent analytical tool in mechanistic investigations on OER catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pasquini
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Luca D'Amario
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ivelina Zaharieva
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Dau
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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103
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Machine-learning-revealed statistics of the particle-carbon/binder detachment in lithium-ion battery cathodes. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2310. [PMID: 32385347 PMCID: PMC7210251 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16233-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The microstructure of a composite electrode determines how individual battery particles are charged and discharged in a lithium-ion battery. It is a frontier challenge to experimentally visualize and, subsequently, to understand the electrochemical consequences of battery particles’ evolving (de)attachment with the conductive matrix. Herein, we tackle this issue with a unique combination of multiscale experimental approaches, machine-learning-assisted statistical analysis, and experiment-informed mathematical modeling. Our results suggest that the degree of particle detachment is positively correlated with the charging rate and that smaller particles exhibit a higher degree of uncertainty in their detachment from the carbon/binder matrix. We further explore the feasibility and limitation of utilizing the reconstructed electron density as a proxy for the state-of-charge. Our findings highlight the importance of precisely quantifying the evolving nature of the battery electrode’s microstructure with statistical confidence, which is a key to maximize the utility of active particles towards higher battery capacity. Developing understanding of degradation phenomena in nickel rich cathodes is under intense investigation. Here the authors use learning-assisted statistical analysis and experiment-informed mathematical modelling to resolve the microstructure of a Ni-rich NMC composite cathode.
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104
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Supported dual-atom catalysts: Preparation, characterization, and potential applications. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(20)63536-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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105
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Wei C, Hong Y, Tian Y, Yu X, Liu Y, Pianetta P. Quantifying redox heterogeneity in single-crystalline LiCoO 2 cathode particles. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2020; 27:713-719. [PMID: 32381772 PMCID: PMC7285691 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577520002076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Active cathode particles are fundamental architectural units for the composite electrode of Li-ion batteries. The microstructure of the particles has a profound impact on their behavior and, consequently, on the cell-level electrochemical performance. LiCoO2 (LCO, a dominant cathode material) is often in the form of well-shaped particles, a few micrometres in size, with good crystallinity. In contrast to secondary particles (an agglomeration of many fine primary grains), which are the other common form of battery particles populated with structural and chemical defects, it is often anticipated that good particle crystallinity leads to superior mechanical robustness and suppressed charge heterogeneity. Yet, sub-particle level charge inhomogeneity in LCO particles has been widely reported in the literature, posing a frontier challenge in this field. Herein, this topic is revisited and it is demonstrated that X-ray absorption spectra on single-crystalline particles with highly anisotropic lattice structures are sensitive to the polarization configuration of the incident X-rays, causing some degree of ambiguity in analyzing the local spectroscopic fingerprint. To tackle this issue, a methodology is developed that extracts the white-line peak energy in the X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra as a key data attribute for representing the local state of charge in the LCO crystal. This method demonstrates significantly improved accuracy and reveals the mesoscale chemical complexity in LCO particles with better fidelity. In addition to the implications on the importance of particle engineering for LCO cathodes, the method developed herein also has significant impact on spectro-microscopic studies of single-crystalline materials at synchrotron facilities, which is broadly applicable to a wide range of scientific disciplines well beyond battery research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Wei
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People’s Republic of China
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Yanshuai Hong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yangchao Tian
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiqian Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yijin Liu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Piero Pianetta
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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106
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Tian C, Xu Y, Kan WH, Sokaras D, Nordlund D, Shen H, Chen K, Liu Y, Doeff M. Distinct Surface and Bulk Thermal Behaviors of LiNi 0.6Mn 0.2Co 0.2O 2 Cathode Materials as a Function of State of Charge. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:11643-11656. [PMID: 32057227 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how structural and chemical transformations take place in particles under thermal conditions can inform designing thermally robust electrode materials. Such a study necessitates the use of diagnostic techniques that are capable of probing the transformations at multiple length scales and at different states of charge (SOC). In this study, the thermal behavior of LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC-622) was examined as a function of SOC, using an array of bulk and surface-sensitive techniques. In general, thermal stability decreases as lithium content is lowered and conversion in the bulk to progressively reduced metal oxides (spinels, rock salt) occurs as the temperature is raised. Hard X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray Raman spectroscopy (XRS) experiments, which probe the bulk, reveal that Ni and Co are eventually reduced when partially delithiated samples (regardless of the SOC) are heated, although Mn is not. Surface-sensitive synchrotron techniques, such as soft XAS and transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM), however, reveal that for 50% delithiated samples, apparent oxidation of nickel occurs at particle surfaces under some circumstances. This is partially compensated by reduction of cobalt but may also be a consequence of redistribution of lithium ions upon heating. TXM results indicate the movement of reduced nickel ions into particle interiors or oxidized nickel ions to the surface or both. These experiments illustrate the complexity of the thermal behavior of NMC cathode materials. The study also informs the importance of investigating the surface and bulk difference as a function of SOC when studying the thermal behaviors of battery materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chixia Tian
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Academy of Integrated Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Yahong Xu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Wang Hay Kan
- Dongguan Neutron Science Center, Dongguan, Guangdong 523803, China
| | - Dimosthenis Sokaras
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Hao Shen
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Yijin Liu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Marca Doeff
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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107
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Wang Y, Ma Y, Li XB, Gao L, Gao XY, Wei XZ, Zhang LP, Tung CH, Qiao L, Wu LZ. Unveiling Catalytic Sites in a Typical Hydrogen Photogeneration System Consisting of Semiconductor Quantum Dots and 3d-Metal Ions. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4680-4689. [PMID: 32066243 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) in conjunction with non-noble 3d-metal ions (e.g., Fe3+, Co2+, and Ni2+) have emerged as an extremely efficient, facile, and cost-effective means of solar-driven hydrogen (H2) evolution. However, the exact structural change of the active sites under realistic conditions remains elusive, and the mechanism of H2 evolution behind the remarkable activity is poorly understood. Here, we successfully track the structural variation of the catalytic sites in the typical H2 photogeneration system consisting of CdSe/CdS QDs and 3d-metal ions (i.e., Ni2+ used here). That is, the nickel precursor of Ni(OAc)2 changes to Ni(H2O)62+ in neutral H2O and eventually transforms to Ni(OH)2 nanosheets in alkaline media. Furthermore, the in operando spectroscopic techniques of electron paramagnetic resonance and X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveal the photoinduced transformation of Ni(OH)2 to a defective structure [Nix0/Ni1-x(OH)2], which acts as the real catalytic species of H2 photogeneration. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further indicate that the surface Ni-vacancies (VNi) on the Ni(OH)2 nanosheets enhance the adsorption and dissociation of H2O molecules to enhance the local proton concentration, while the Ni0 clusters behave as H2-evolution sites, thereby synergistically promoting the activity of H2 photogeneration in alkaline media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ya Gao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Zhu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lijie Qiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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108
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Drozhzhin OA, Grigoriev VV, Alekseeva AM, Ryazantsev SV, Tyablikov OA, Chernyshov D, Abakumov AM, Antipov EV. Phase Transformations and Charge Ordering during Li
+
Intercalation into Hollandite‐Type TiO
2
Studied by
Operando
Synchrotron X‐ray Powder Diffraction. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg A. Drozhzhin
- Chemistry Department Lomonosov Moscow State University 119991 Moscow Russia
- Center for Energy Science and Technology Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology 143026 Moscow Russia
| | | | | | - Sergey V. Ryazantsev
- Chemistry Department Lomonosov Moscow State University 119991 Moscow Russia
- Center for Energy Science and Technology Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology 143026 Moscow Russia
| | - Oleg A. Tyablikov
- Chemistry Department Lomonosov Moscow State University 119991 Moscow Russia
- Center for Energy Science and Technology Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology 143026 Moscow Russia
| | - Dmitry Chernyshov
- SwissNorwegian Beamlines European Synchrotron ESRF 71 Rue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University 195251 Saint‐Petersburg Russia
| | - Artem M. Abakumov
- Center for Energy Science and Technology Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology 143026 Moscow Russia
| | - Evgeny V. Antipov
- Chemistry Department Lomonosov Moscow State University 119991 Moscow Russia
- Center for Energy Science and Technology Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology 143026 Moscow Russia
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109
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Zhao H, Storey BD, Braatz RD, Bazant MZ. Learning the Physics of Pattern Formation from Images. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:060201. [PMID: 32109085 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.060201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Using a framework of partial differential equation-constrained optimization, we demonstrate that multiple constitutive relations can be extracted simultaneously from a small set of images of pattern formation. Examples include state-dependent properties in phase-field models, such as the diffusivity, kinetic prefactor, free energy, and direct correlation function, given only the general form of the Cahn-Hilliard equation, Allen-Cahn equation, or dynamical density functional theory (phase-field crystal model). Constraints can be added based on physical arguments to accelerate convergence and avoid spurious results. Reconstruction of the free energy functional, which contains nonlinear dependence on the state variable and differential or convolutional operators, opens the possibility of learning nonequilibrium thermodynamics from only a few snapshots of the dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Brian D Storey
- Toyota Research Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Olin College, Needham, Massachusetts 02492, USA
| | - Richard D Braatz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Martin Z Bazant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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110
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Wu J, Zhuo Z, Rong X, Dai K, Lebens-Higgins Z, Sallis S, Pan F, Piper LFJ, Liu G, Chuang YD, Hussain Z, Li Q, Zeng R, Shen ZX, Yang W. Dissociate lattice oxygen redox reactions from capacity and voltage drops of battery electrodes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaaw3871. [PMID: 32083173 PMCID: PMC7007267 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw3871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The oxygen redox (OR) activity is conventionally considered detrimental to the stability and kinetics of batteries. However, OR reactions are often confused by irreversible oxygen oxidation. Here, based on high-efficiency mapping of resonant inelastic x-ray scattering of both the transition metal and oxygen, we distinguish the lattice OR in Na0.6[Li0.2Mn0.8]O2 and compare it with Na2/3[Mg1/3Mn2/3]O2. Both systems display strong lattice OR activities but with distinct electrochemical stability. The comparison shows that the substantial capacity drop in Na0.6[Li0.2Mn0.8]O2 stems from non-lattice oxygen oxidations, and its voltage decay from an increasing Mn redox contribution upon cycling, contrasting those in Na2/3[Mg1/3Mn2/3]O2. We conclude that lattice OR is not the ringleader of the stability issue. Instead, irreversible oxygen oxidation and the changing cationic reactions lead to the capacity and voltage fade. We argue that lattice OR and other oxygen activities should/could be studied and treated separately to achieve viable OR-based electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Wu
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Zengqing Zhuo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaohui Rong
- Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kehua Dai
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Zachary Lebens-Higgins
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Shawn Sallis
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Feng Pan
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Louis F. J. Piper
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Gao Liu
- Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yi-de Chuang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Qinghao Li
- Key Laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhi-xun Shen
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Wanli Yang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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111
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Liu H, Li Z, Grenier A, Kamm GE, Yin L, Mattei GS, Cosby MR, Khalifah PG, Chupas PJ, Chapman KW. Best practices for operando depth-resolving battery experiments. J Appl Crystallogr 2020. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576719016315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Operando studies that probe how electrochemical reactions propagate through a battery provide valuable feedback for optimizing the electrode architecture and for mitigating reaction heterogeneity. Transmission-geometry depth-profiling measurements carried out with the beam directed parallel to the battery layers – in a radial geometry – can provide quantitative structural insights that resolve depth-dependent reaction heterogeneity which are not accessible from conventional transmission measurements that traverse all battery layers. However, these spatially resolved measurements are susceptible to aberrations that do not affect conventional perpendicular-beam studies. Key practical considerations that can impact the interpretation of synchrotron depth-profiling studies, which are related to the signal-to-noise ratio, cell alignment and lateral heterogeneity, are described. Strategies to enable accurate quantification of state of charge during rapid depth-profiling studies are presented.
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112
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Gill SK, Huang J, Mausz J, Gakhar R, Roy S, Vila F, Topsakal M, Phillips WC, Layne B, Mahurin S, Halstenberg P, Dai S, Wishart JF, Bryantsev VS, Frenkel AI. Connections between the Speciation and Solubility of Ni(II) and Co(II) in Molten ZnCl2. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:1253-1258. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simerjeet K. Gill
- Nuclear Science and Technology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Jiahao Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Julia Mausz
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Ruchi Gakhar
- Pyrochemistry and Molten Salt Systems Department, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
| | - Santanu Roy
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Fernando Vila
- Physics Department, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Mehmet Topsakal
- Nuclear Science and Technology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - William C. Phillips
- Pyrochemistry and Molten Salt Systems Department, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, United States
| | - Bobby Layne
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Shannon Mahurin
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Phillip Halstenberg
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Sheng Dai
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - James F. Wishart
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Vyacheslav S. Bryantsev
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Anatoly I. Frenkel
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
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113
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Xu Z, Jiang Z, Kuai C, Xu R, Qin C, Zhang Y, Rahman MM, Wei C, Nordlund D, Sun CJ, Xiao X, Du XW, Zhao K, Yan P, Liu Y, Lin F. Charge distribution guided by grain crystallographic orientations in polycrystalline battery materials. Nat Commun 2020; 11:83. [PMID: 31913275 PMCID: PMC6949258 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13884-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Architecting grain crystallographic orientation can modulate charge distribution and chemomechanical properties for enhancing the performance of polycrystalline battery materials. However, probing the interplay between charge distribution, grain crystallographic orientation, and performance remains a daunting challenge. Herein, we elucidate the spatially resolved charge distribution in lithium layered oxides with different grain crystallographic arrangements and establish a model to quantify their charge distributions. While the holistic “surface-to-bulk” charge distribution prevails in polycrystalline particles, the crystallographic orientation-guided redox reaction governs the charge distribution in the local charged nanodomains. Compared to the randomly oriented grains, the radially aligned grains exhibit a lower cell polarization and higher capacity retention upon battery cycling. The radially aligned grains create less tortuous lithium ion pathways, thus improving the charge homogeneity as statistically quantified from over 20 million nanodomains in polycrystalline particles. This study provides an improved understanding of the charge distribution and chemomechanical properties of polycrystalline battery materials. The authors here report on the influence of grain orientation on the charge distribution in polycrystalline materials for batteries. The quantitative characterization provides mechanistic insight into the way the grain orientation can be engineered to mitigate the charge heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrui Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Zhisen Jiang
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Chunguang Kuai
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.,Institute of New-Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Rong Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Changdong Qin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Properties of Solids, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.,Institute of New-Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | | | - Chenxi Wei
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Dennis Nordlund
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Cheng-Jun Sun
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Xianghui Xiao
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Xi-Wen Du
- Institute of New-Energy Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Kejie Zhao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Pengfei Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Properties of Solids, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Yijin Liu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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114
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Wu J, Yang Y, Yang W. Advances in soft X-ray RIXS for studying redox reaction states in batteries. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:13519-13527. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01782e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High-efficiency mapping of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (mRIXS) for detecting and quantifying both cationic and anionic redox states in batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
| | - Wanli Yang
- Advanced Light Source
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
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115
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Chen T, Ellis I, Hooper TJN, Liberti E, Ye L, Lo BTW, O'Leary C, Sheader AA, Martinez GT, Jones L, Ho PL, Zhao P, Cookson J, Bishop PT, Chater P, Hanna JV, Nellist P, Tsang SCE. Interstitial Boron Atoms in the Palladium Lattice of an Industrial Type of Nanocatalyst: Properties and Structural Modifications. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:19616-19624. [PMID: 31747756 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
It is well-established that the inclusion of small atomic species such as boron (B) in powder metal catalysts can subtly modify catalytic properties, and the associated changes in the metal lattice imply that the B atoms are located in the interstitial sites. However, there is no compelling evidence for the occurrence of interstitial B atoms, and there is a concomitant lack of detailed structural information describing the nature of this occupancy and its effects on the metal host. In this work, we use an innovative combination of high-resolution 11B magic-angle-spinning (MAS) and 105Pd static solid-state NMR nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD), in situ X-ray pair distribution function (XPDF), scanning transmission electron microscopy-annular dark field imaging (STEM-ADF), electron ptychography, and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) to investigate the B atom positions, properties, and structural modifications to the palladium lattice of an industrial type interstitial boron doped palladium nanoparticle catalyst system (Pd-intB/C NPs). In this study, we report that upon B incorporation into the Pd lattice, the overall face centered cubic (FCC) lattice is maintained; however, short-range disorder is introduced. The 105Pd static solid-state NMR illustrates how different types (and levels) of structural strain and disorder are introduced in the nanoparticle history. These structural distortions can lead to the appearance of small amounts of local hexagonal close packed (HCP) structured material in localized regions. The short-range lattice tailoring of the Pd framework to accommodate interstitial B dopants in the octahedral sites of the distorted FCC structure can be imaged by electron ptychography. This study describes new toolsets that enable the characterization of industrial metal nanocatalysts across length scales from macro- to microanalysis, which gives important guidance to the structure-activity relationship of the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Chen
- Wolfson Catalysis Center, Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3QR , United Kingdom.,Department of Materials , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3PH , United Kingdom
| | - Ieuan Ellis
- Wolfson Catalysis Center, Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3QR , United Kingdom.,Johnson Matthey , Blount's Court, Sonning Common , Reading RG4 9NH , United Kingdom
| | - Thomas J N Hooper
- Department of Physics , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Emanuela Liberti
- Department of Materials , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3PH , United Kingdom
| | - Lin Ye
- Wolfson Catalysis Center, Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3QR , United Kingdom
| | - Benedict T W Lo
- Wolfson Catalysis Center, Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3QR , United Kingdom
| | - Colum O'Leary
- Department of Materials , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3PH , United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra A Sheader
- Department of Materials , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3PH , United Kingdom
| | - Gerardo T Martinez
- Department of Materials , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3PH , United Kingdom
| | - Lewys Jones
- Department of Materials , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3PH , United Kingdom
| | - Ping-Luen Ho
- Wolfson Catalysis Center, Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3QR , United Kingdom.,Department of Materials , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3PH , United Kingdom
| | - Pu Zhao
- Wolfson Catalysis Center, Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3QR , United Kingdom
| | - James Cookson
- Johnson Matthey , Blount's Court, Sonning Common , Reading RG4 9NH , United Kingdom
| | - Peter T Bishop
- Johnson Matthey , Blount's Court, Sonning Common , Reading RG4 9NH , United Kingdom
| | - Philip Chater
- Diamond Light Source Ltd. , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE , United Kingdom
| | - John V Hanna
- Department of Physics , University of Warwick , Coventry CV4 7AL , United Kingdom
| | - Peter Nellist
- Department of Materials , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3PH , United Kingdom
| | - Shik Chi Edman Tsang
- Wolfson Catalysis Center, Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3QR , United Kingdom
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116
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Jung SK, Hwang I, Chang D, Park KY, Kim SJ, Seong WM, Eum D, Park J, Kim B, Kim J, Heo JH, Kang K. Nanoscale Phenomena in Lithium-Ion Batteries. Chem Rev 2019; 120:6684-6737. [PMID: 31793294 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical properties and performances of lithium-ion batteries are primarily governed by their constituent electrode materials, whose intrinsic thermodynamic and kinetic properties are understood as the determining factor. As a part of complementing the intrinsic material properties, the strategy of nanosizing has been widely applied to electrodes to improve battery performance. It has been revealed that this not only improves the kinetics of the electrode materials but is also capable of regulating their thermodynamic properties, taking advantage of nanoscale phenomena regarding the changes in redox potential, solid-state solubility of the intercalation compounds, and reaction paths. In addition, the nanosizing of materials has recently enabled the discovery of new energy storage mechanisms, through which unexplored classes of electrodes could be introduced. Herein, we review the nanoscale phenomena discovered or exploited in lithium-ion battery chemistry thus far and discuss their potential implications, providing opportunities to further unveil uncharted electrode materials and chemistries. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the nanoscale phenomena presently employed in battery applications and suggest strategies to overcome these limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Kyun Jung
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.,Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Insang Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghee Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Young Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Mo Seong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Donggun Eum
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooha Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Byunghoon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyeon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Heo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisuk Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.,Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Engineering Research, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
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117
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Sun N, Liu Q, Cao Y, Lou S, Ge M, Xiao X, Lee W, Gao Y, Yin G, Wang J, Sun X. Anisotropically Electrochemical–Mechanical Evolution in Solid‐State Batteries and Interfacial Tailored Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Sun
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Yi Cao
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Shuaifeng Lou
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Mingyuan Ge
- National Synchrotron Light Source IIBrookhaven National Laboratory Building 743 Ring Road Upton NY 11973 USA
| | - Xianghui Xiao
- National Synchrotron Light Source IIBrookhaven National Laboratory Building 743 Ring Road Upton NY 11973 USA
| | - Wah‐Keat Lee
- National Synchrotron Light Source IIBrookhaven National Laboratory Building 743 Ring Road Upton NY 11973 USA
| | - Yunzhi Gao
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Geping Yin
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Xueliang Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringUniversity of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond St London Ontario N6A 3K7 Canada
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118
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Cheng C, Li S, Liu T, Xia Y, Chang LY, Yan Y, Ding M, Hu Y, Wu J, Guo J, Zhang L. Elucidation of Anionic and Cationic Redox Reactions in a Prototype Sodium-Layered Oxide Cathode. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:41304-41312. [PMID: 31603303 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The ever-increasing demand for large-scale energy storage has driven the prosperous investigation of sodium-ion batteries (NIBs). As a promising cathode candidate for NIBs, P2-type Na2/3Ni1/3Mn2/3O2 (NaNMO), a prototype sodium-layered oxide, has attracted extensive attention because of its high operating voltage and high capacity density. Although its electrochemical properties have been extensively investigated, the fundamental charge compensation mechanism, that is, the cationic and anionic redox reactions, is still elusive. In this report, we have systematically investigated the transition metal and oxygen redox reactions of NaNMO nanoflakes using bulk-sensitive soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy and full-range mapping of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering from an atomic-level view. We show that the bulk Mn3+/Mn4+ redox couple emerges from the first discharge process with the increment of inactive Mn3+ upon cycling, which may have a negative effect on the cyclability. In contrast, the bulk Ni redox mainly stems from the Ni2+/Ni3+ redox couple, in contrast to the conventional wisdom of the Ni2+/Ni4+ redox couple. The quantitative analysis provides unambiguous evidence for the continuous reduction of the average valence state of Mn and Ni over extended cycles, leading to the voltage fading. In addition, we reveal that the oxygen anions also participate in the charge compensation process mainly through irreversible oxygen release rather than reversible lattice oxygen redox. Such understanding is vital for the precise design and optimization of NaNMO electrodes for rechargeable NIBs with outstanding performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cheng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices , Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Siyuan Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014 , Zhejiang , China
| | - Tiefeng Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014 , Zhejiang , China
| | - Yujian Xia
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices , Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Lo-Yueh Chang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices , Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Yingying Yan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices , Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Manling Ding
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices , Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Yue Hu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices , Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Jinpeng Wu
- Advanced Light Source, Advanced Light Source , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley 94720 , California , United States
| | - Jinghua Guo
- Advanced Light Source, Advanced Light Source , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley 94720 , California , United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Cruz 95064 , California , United States
| | - Liang Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices , Soochow University , 199 Ren'ai Road , Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu , China
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119
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Sun N, Liu Q, Cao Y, Lou S, Ge M, Xiao X, Lee W, Gao Y, Yin G, Wang J, Sun X. Anisotropically Electrochemical–Mechanical Evolution in Solid‐State Batteries and Interfacial Tailored Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18647-18653. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Sun
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Yi Cao
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Shuaifeng Lou
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Mingyuan Ge
- National Synchrotron Light Source IIBrookhaven National Laboratory Building 743 Ring Road Upton NY 11973 USA
| | - Xianghui Xiao
- National Synchrotron Light Source IIBrookhaven National Laboratory Building 743 Ring Road Upton NY 11973 USA
| | - Wah‐Keat Lee
- National Synchrotron Light Source IIBrookhaven National Laboratory Building 743 Ring Road Upton NY 11973 USA
| | - Yunzhi Gao
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Geping Yin
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and StorageSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China
| | - Xueliang Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringUniversity of Western Ontario 1151 Richmond St London Ontario N6A 3K7 Canada
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120
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Short O-O separation in layered oxide Na 0.67CoO 2 enables an ultrafast oxygen evolution reaction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:23473-23479. [PMID: 31685612 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1901046116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The layered oxide Na0.67CoO2 with Na+ occupying trigonal prismatic sites between CoO2 layers exhibits a remarkably high room temperature oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity in alkaline solution. The high activity is attributed to an unusually short O-O separation that favors formation of peroxide ions by O--O- interactions followed by O2 evolution in preference to the conventional route through surface O-OH- species. The dependence of the onset potential on the pH of the alkaline solution was found to be consistent with the loss of H+ ions from the surface oxygen to provide surface O- that may either be attacked by solution OH- or react with another O-; a short O-O separation favors the latter route. The role of a strong hybridization of the O-2p and low-spin CoIII/CoIV π-bonding d states is also important; the OER on other CoIII/CoIV oxides is compared with that on Na0.67CoO2 as well as that on IrO2.
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121
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Wang FM, Alemu T, Yeh NH, Wang XC, Lin YW, Hsu CC, Chang YJ, Liu CH, Chuang CI, Hsiao LH, Chen JM, Haw SC, Chen WL, Pham QT, Su CH. Interface Interaction Behavior of Self-Terminated Oligomer Electrode Additives for a Ni-Rich Layer Cathode in Lithium-Ion Batteries: Voltage and Temperature Effects. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:39827-39840. [PMID: 31597424 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Self-terminated oligomer additives synthesized from bismaleimide and barbituric acid derivatives improve the safety and performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This study investigates the interface interaction of these additives and the cathode material. Two additives were synthesized by Michael addition (additive A) and aza-Michael addition (additive B). The electrochemical performances of bare and modified LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC622) materials are studied. The cycling stability and rate capability of NMC622 considerably improve on surface modification with additive B. According to the differential scanning calorimetry results, the exothermic heat of fully deliathiated NMC622 is dramatically decreased through surface modification with both additives. The electrode surface kinetics and interface interaction phenomena of the additives are determined through surface plasma resonance measurements in operando gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS) and in situ soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The binding rate constant of additive B onto NMC622 particles is 1.2-2.3 × 104 M-1 s-1 in the temperature range of 299-311 K, which is ascribed to the strong binding affinity toward the electrode surface. This affinity enhances Li+ diffusion, which allows the electrode modified by additive B to provide high electrochemical performance with superior thermal stability. In operando GCMS reveals that gas evolution due to the electrolyte degradation at the NMC622 surface contributes to safety hazards in the bare NMC622 material. In situ soft XAS indicates the occurrence of structural transformation in the bare NMC622 material after it is fully charged and at elevated temperatures. The NMC622 material is stabilized by incorporating additives. The unique performance of additive B can be attributed to its linear structure that allows superior electrode surface adhesion compared with that of additive A. Therefore, this study presents an optimized working principle of self-terminated oligomers, which can be developed and applied to improve the safety and performance of LIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jin-Ming Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsin-Chu 30076 , Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chih Haw
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center , Hsin-Chu 30076 , Taiwan
| | | | | | - Chia-Hung Su
- Graduate School of Biochemical Engineering , Ming Chi University of Technology , New Taipei 24301 , Taiwan
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122
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Real-time Observation of Interface Atomic Structures by an Energy-Dispersive Surface X-ray Diffraction. E-JOURNAL OF SURFACE SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2019.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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123
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Guan D, Zhou J, Huang YC, Dong CL, Wang JQ, Zhou W, Shao Z. Screening highly active perovskites for hydrogen-evolving reaction via unifying ionic electronegativity descriptor. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3755. [PMID: 31434892 PMCID: PMC6704169 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11847-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Facile and reliable screening of cost-effective, high-performance and scalable electrocatalysts is key for energy conversion technologies such as water splitting. ABO3-δ perovskites, with rich constitutions and structures, have never been designed via activity descriptors for critical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Here, we apply coordination rationales to introduce A-site ionic electronegativity (AIE) as an efficient unifying descriptor to predict the HER activities of 13 cobalt-based perovskites. Compared with A-site structural or thermodynamic parameter, AIE endows the HER activity with the best volcano trend. (Gd0.5La0.5)BaCo2O5.5+δ predicted from an AIE value of ~2.33 exceeds the state-of-the-art Pt/C catalyst in electrode activity and stability. X-ray absorption and computational studies reveal that the peak HER activities at a moderate AIE value of ~2.33 can be associated with the optimal electronic states of active B-sites via inductive effect in perovskite structure (~200 nm depth), including Co valence, Co-O bond covalency, band gap and O 2p-band position. Facile and reliable screening of efficient electrocatalysts is important for energy conversion technologies such as water splitting. Here, authors introduce A-site ionic electronegativity as a descriptor to understand the hydrogen-evolution activities of cobalt-based perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqin Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Huang
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, 151 Yingzhuan Rd., New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Li Dong
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, 151 Yingzhuan Rd., New Taipei City, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Qiang Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
| | - Zongping Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
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Qu J, Wang D, Yang ZG, Wu ZG, Qiu L, Guo XD, Li JT, Zhong BH, Chen XC, Dou SX. Ion-Doping-Site-Variation-Induced Composite Cathode Adjustment: A Case Study of Layer-Tunnel Na 0.6MnO 2 with Mg 2+ Doping at Na/Mn Site. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:26938-26945. [PMID: 31271031 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b07865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Composite cathodes have attracted great attention due to the integrated advantages of each pure structure. Also, the component ratio deserves a careful modulation to further improve the corresponding electrochemical performance. Mn-based layer-tunnel hybrid composite became a focus in sodium-ion batteries due to the superiority in terms of high performance, low cost, and nontoxicity. In the previous reports, the structure modulation was carried out via changing the synthesis condition, varying the transition-metal-element ratio, and different ion doping. Also, it is still challenging to explore a more feasible method to simplify the adjustment process. Herein, we introduced Mg2+ into Na sites or transition-metal sites in Na0.6MnO2 and first discovered the doping-site-variation-induced structural adjustment phenomenon. Specifically, Mg doping in transition-metal sites could be beneficial for the growth of the P2-type structure, while layer/tunnel component ratio decreased when locating Mg2+ in Na sites. The P2-O2 phase transformations could be effectively suppressed by locating Mg2+ in both sites in high-voltage regions and thus improve the cycling performance. The designed material, Na0.6Mn0.99Mg0.01O2, could attain a decent capacity of 100 mA h g-1 at 1000 mA g-1 and a satisfied retention of 76.6% after 500 cycles. Additionally, ex situ X-ray diffraction analysis experiments verify the excellent structural stability of Mg-substituted samples during charge-discharge processes. Moreover, the Na0.6Mn0.99Mg0.01O2 also displays superior sodium-ion full-cell properties when merged with hard carbon anode. Thus, this research may indicate a proper novel thread for designing high-performance composite electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiao-Dong Guo
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , NSW 2522 , Australia
| | | | | | | | - Shi-Xue Dou
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials , University of Wollongong , Wollongong , NSW 2522 , Australia
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125
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Yang B, Jiang H, Zhou Y, Liang Z, Zhao T, Lu YC. Critical Role of Anion Donicity in Li 2S Deposition and Sulfur Utilization in Li-S Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:25940-25948. [PMID: 31246006 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b07048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur batteries offer a high theoretical gravimetric energy density and low cost, but the full utilization of the sulfur electrode has been limited by the premature passivation of insulating lithium sulfide (Li2S). Anion has been one of the major parameters to improve Li-S batteries in addition to solvent, additives, and electrode structures. Here, we reveal the role of anion donicity on the passivation of Li-S battery and its underlying working mechanism. We show that anions with high donicity effectively reduce the charge-transfer resistance during the cycling of Li-S cells and alleviate the Li2S passivation by transforming the dense film Li2S to porous three-dimensional flake Li2S. UV-vis spectroscopy revealed that anions with higher donicity exhibit higher Li2S4 solubility, which is consistent with their stronger bonding to Li+, as revealed by nuclear magnetic resonance and density functional theory calculations. Our study reveals the role of anion donicity in Li2S passivation and its underlying mechanism, offering rational design consideration for electrolyte salts in achieving high sulfur utilization and high energy efficiency for Li-S batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Electrochemical Energy and Interfaces Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , N.T. 999077 Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Haoran Jiang
- HKUST Energy Institute, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon 999077 , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Yucun Zhou
- Electrochemical Energy and Interfaces Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , N.T. 999077 Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Zhuojian Liang
- Electrochemical Energy and Interfaces Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , N.T. 999077 Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Tianshou Zhao
- HKUST Energy Institute, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon 999077 , Hong Kong SAR , China
| | - Yi-Chun Lu
- Electrochemical Energy and Interfaces Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , N.T. 999077 Hong Kong SAR , China
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126
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Understanding the Reaction Mechanism of Lithium–Sulfur Batteries by In Situ/Operando X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-019-03808-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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127
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Abstract
Synchrotron-based scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM) has opened unique opportunities for exploiting processes occurring at surfaces and interfaces, which control the properties of materials for electrochemical devices, where issues of chemical and morphological complexity at microscopic length scales should be faced and understood. The present article aims to demonstrate the present capabilities of SPEM to explore the surface composition of micro- and nano-structured materials, focusing on cases relevant to electrochemical technologies. We report and discuss a selection of recent results about three different systems, targeting hot topics in the fields of electrochemical energy storage and electrochemical fabrication: (i) an in-depth analysis of Ag-In electrodeposited alloys exhibiting dynamic pattern formation, (ii) the analysis of electrochemical processes at the electrodes of a self-driven solid oxide fuel cell and (iii) an operando characterization of a single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell. The last example has been performed at near-ambient pressure conditions using a unique specially designed setup which extends the traditional capabilities of scanning photoemission microscopes in the ultra-high and high-vacuum regimes to operating conditions that are closer to realistic ones, contributing to overcome the so-called “pressure gap”.
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128
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Li L, Lee E, Freeland JW, Fister TT, Thackeray MM, Chan MKY. Identifying the Chemical Origin of Oxygen Redox Activity in Li-Rich Anti-Fluorite Lithium Iron Oxide by Experimental and Theoretical X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:806-812. [PMID: 30615467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b03271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Harnessing oxygen redox reactions is an intriguing route to increasing capacity in Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Despite numerous experimental and theoretical attempts to unravel the mechanism of oxygen redox behavior, the electronic origin of oxygen activities in energy storage of Li-rich LIB materials remains under intense debate. In this work, the onset of oxygen activity was examined using a Li-rich material that has been reported to exhibit oxygen redox, namely, Li5FeO4. By comparing experimental measurements and first-principles Bethe-Salpeter equation calculations of oxygen K-edge X-ray absorption spectra (XAS), it was found that experimentally-observed changes in XAS originate from the nonbonding oxygen states in cation-disordered delithiated Li5FeO4, and the spectral features of oxygen dimers were also determined. This combined experimental and theoretical study offers an effective approach to disentangle the intertwined signals in XAS and can be further utilized in broader contexts for characterizing other energy storage and conversion materials.
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129
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Lv C, Yang J, Peng Y, Duan X, Ma J, Li Q, Wang T. 1D Nb-doped LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 nanostructures as excellent cathodes for Li-ion battery. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.11.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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130
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Metallosupramolecular Polymer Precursor Design for Multi-Element Co-Doped Carbon Shells with Improved Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalytic Activity. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heteroatom-doped carbon materials have been extensively studied in the field of electrochemical catalysis to solve the challenges of energy shortage. In particular, there is vigorous research activity in the design of multi-element co-doped carbon materials for the improvement of electrochemical performance. Herein, we developed a supramolecular approach to construct metallosupramolecular polymer hollow spheres, which could be used as precursors for the generation of carbon shells co-doped with B, N, F and Fe elements. The metallosupramolecular polymer hollow spheres were fabricated through a simple route based on the Kirkendall effect. The in situ reaction between the boronate polymer spheres and Fe3+ could easily control the component and shell thickness of the precursors. The as-prepared multi-element co-doped carbon shells showed excellent catalytic activity in an oxygen reduction reaction, with onset potential (Eonset) 0.91 V and half-wave (Ehalf-wave) 0.82 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). The fluorine element in the carbon matrix was important for the improvement of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity performance through designing the control experiment. This supramolecular approach may afford a new route to explore good activity and a low-cost catalyst for ORR.
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131
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Carbone JP, Cheng L, Myhre RH, Matthews D, Koch H, Coriani S. An analysis of the performance of coupled cluster methods for K-edge core excitations and ionizations using standard basis sets. ADVANCES IN QUANTUM CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aiq.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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132
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Zhao E, Wang J, Li F, Jiang Z, Yang XQ, Wang F, Li H, Yu X. Exploring reaction dynamics in lithium–sulfur batteries by time-resolved operando sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4993-4996. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00485h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The multistep kinetic-determining conversion process of a sulfur electrode is directly revealed through time-resolved operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enyue Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering
| | - Junyang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering
| | - Feng Li
- Advanced Carbon Division
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science
- Institute of Metal Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenyang 110016
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Xiao-Qing Yang
- Chemistry Division
- Brookhaven National Laboratory
- Upton
- USA
| | - Fangwei Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering
| | - Hong Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering
| | - Xiqian Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering
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133
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Wang QC, Meng JK, Yue XY, Qiu QQ, Song Y, Wu XJ, Fu ZW, Xia YY, Shadike Z, Wu J, Yang XQ, Zhou YN. Tuning P2-Structured Cathode Material by Na-Site Mg Substitution for Na-Ion Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:840-848. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Chao Wang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ke Meng
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yang Yue
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi-Qi Qiu
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Song
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jing Wu
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Wen Fu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Yao Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zulipiya Shadike
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Jinpeng Wu
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xiao-Qing Yang
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Yong-Ning Zhou
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China
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134
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Nie K, Hong Y, Qiu J, Li Q, Yu X, Li H, Chen L. Interfaces Between Cathode and Electrolyte in Solid State Lithium Batteries: Challenges and Perspectives. Front Chem 2018; 6:616. [PMID: 30619824 PMCID: PMC6299818 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid state lithium batteries are widely accepted as promising candidates for next generation of various energy storage devices with the probability to realize improved energy density and superior safety performances. However, the interface between electrode and solid electrolyte remain a key issue that hinders practical development of solid state lithium batteries. In this review, we specifically focus on the interface between solid electrolytes and prevailing cathodes. The basic principles of interface layer formation are summarized and three kinds of interface layers can be categorized. For typical solid state lithium batteries, a most common and daunting challenge is to achieve and sustain intimate solid-solid contact. Meanwhile, different specific issues occur on various types of solid electrolytes, depending on the intrinsic properties of adjacent solid components. Our discussion mostly involves following electrolytes, including solid polymer electrolyte, inorganic solid oxide and sulfide electrolytes as well as composite electrolytes. The effective strategies to overcome the interface instabilities are also summarized. In order to clarify interfacial behaviors fundamentally, advanced characterization techniques with time, and atomic-scale resolution are required to gain more insights from different perspectives. And recent progresses achieved from advanced characterization are also reviewed here. We highlight that the cooperative characterization of diverse advanced characterization techniques is necessary to gain the final clarification of interface behavior, and stress that the combination of diverse interfacial modification strategies is required to build up decent cathode-electrolyte interface for superior solid state lithium batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihui Nie
- Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanshuai Hong
- Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiliang Qiu
- Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghao Li
- Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiqian Yu
- Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Li
- Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liquan Chen
- Renewable Energy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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135
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Winter
- MEET Battery Research Center, University of Münster and Helmholtz-Institute Münster, IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Brian Barnett
- Battery Perspectives LLC, Carlisle, Massachusetts 01741, United States
| | - Kang Xu
- Electrochemistry Branch, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
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136
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Wei C, Xia S, Huang H, Mao Y, Pianetta P, Liu Y. Mesoscale Battery Science: The Behavior of Electrode Particles Caught on a Multispectral X-ray Camera. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:2484-2492. [PMID: 29889493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Functional materials and devices are usually morphologically complex and chemically heterogeneous. Their structures are often designed to be hierarchical because of the desired functionalities, which usually require many different components to work together in a coherent manner. The lithium ion battery, as an energy storage device, is a very typical example of this kind of structure. In a lithium ion battery, the cathode, anode, and separator are soaked in a liquid electrolyte, facilitating the back and forward shuttling of the lithium ions for energy storage and release. The desired performance of a lithium ion battery has many different aspects that need to be engineered and balanced depending on the targeted applications. In most cases, the cathode material has become the limiting factor for further improvements and, thus, has attracted intense attention from the research community. While the improvement in the overall performance of the lithium ion battery is the ultimate goal of the research in this field, understanding the relationship between the microscopic properties and the macroscopic behaviors of the materials/devices can inform the design of better battery chemistries for practical applications. As a result, it is of great fundamental and practical importance to investigate the electrode materials using experimental probes that can provide good chemical sensitivity and sufficient spatial resolution, ideally, under operating conditions. With this motivation, our group has been focusing on the development of the nanoscale full-field X-ray spectro-microscopy, which has now become a well-recognized tool for imaging battery electrode materials at the particle level. With nanoscale spatial resolution, this technique can effectively and efficiently tackle the intrinsically complicated mesoscale chemistry. It allows us to monitor the particles' morphological and chemical evolution upon battery operation, providing valuable insights that can be incorporated into the design of new battery chemistries. In this Account, we review a series of our recent studies of battery electrode materials using nanoscale full-field X-ray spectro-microscopy. The materials that are the subjects of our studies, including layer-structured and spinel-structured oxide cathodes, are technically very important as they not only play an important role in today's devices but also possess promising potential for future developments. We discuss how the subparticle level compositional and state-of-charge heterogeneity can be visualized and linked to the bulk performance through systematic quantification of the imaging data. Subsequently, we highlight recent ex situ and in situ observations of the cathode particles' response to different reaction conditions, including the spontaneously adjusted reaction pathways and the morphological changes for the mechanical strain release. The important role of surface chemistry in the system is also discussed. While the microscopic investigation at the particle level provides useful insights, the degree to which this represents the overall properties of the battery is always a question for further generalizing the conclusions. In order to address this concern, we finally discuss a high throughput experimental approach, in which a large number of cathode particles are scanned. We discuss a case study that demonstrates the identification and analysis of functionally important minority phases in an operating battery cell through big data mining methods. With an emphasis on the data/information mining aspect of the nanoscale X-ray spectro-microscopic study of battery cathode particles, we anticipate that this Account will attract more research to this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Wei
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230027 , China
| | - Sihao Xia
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
- School of Electronic and Optical Engineering , Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing , Jiangsu 210094 , China
| | - Hai Huang
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200083 , China
| | - Yuwei Mao
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
- School of Computer Science and Technology , Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing , Jiangsu 211100 , China
| | - Piero Pianetta
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
| | - Yijin Liu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , Menlo Park , California 94025 , United States
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137
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Zhang L, Sun D, Kang J, Wang HT, Hsieh SH, Pong WF, Bechtel HA, Feng J, Wang LW, Cairns EJ, Guo J. Tracking the Chemical and Structural Evolution of the TiS 2 Electrode in the Lithium-Ion Cell Using Operando X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:4506-4515. [PMID: 29856638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As the lightest and cheapest transition metal dichalcogenide, TiS2 possesses great potential as an electrode material for lithium batteries due to the advantages of high energy density storage capability, fast ion diffusion rate, and low volume expansion. Despite the extensive investigation of its electrochemical properties, the fundamental discharge-charge reaction mechanism of the TiS2 electrode is still elusive. Here, by a combination of ex situ and operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy with density functional theory calculations, we have clearly elucidated the evolution of the structural and chemical properties of TiS2 during the discharge-charge processes. The lithium intercalation reaction is highly reversible and both Ti and sulfur are involved in the redox reaction during the discharge and charge processes. In contrast, the conversion reaction of TiS2 is partially reversible in the first cycle. However, Ti-O related compounds are developed during electrochemical cycling over extended cycles, which results in the decrease of the conversion reaction reversibility and the rapid capacity fading. In addition, the solid electrolyte interphase formed on the electrode surface is found to be highly dynamic in the initial cycles and then gradually becomes more stable upon further cycling. Such understanding is important for the future design and optimization of TiS2 based electrodes for lithium batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hsiao-Tsu Wang
- Department of Physics , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | | | - Way-Faung Pong
- Department of Physics , Tamkang University , Tamsui 251 , Taiwan
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138
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Tang Y, Zhang Y, Malyi OI, Bucher N, Xia H, Xi S, Zhu Z, Lv Z, Li W, Wei J, Srinivasan M, Borgna A, Antonietti M, Du Y, Chen X. Identifying the Origin and Contribution of Surface Storage in TiO 2 (B) Nanotube Electrode by In Situ Dynamic Valence State Monitoring. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1802200. [PMID: 29971849 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201802200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fundamental insight into the surface charging mechanism of TiO2 (B) nanomaterials is limited due to the complicated nature of lithiation behavior, as well as the limitations of available characterization tools that can directly probe surface charging process. Here, an in situ approach is reported to monitor the dynamic valence state of TiO2 (B) nanotube electrodes, which utilizes in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) to identify the origin and contribution of surface storage. A real-time correlation is elucidated between the rate-dependent electrode performance and dynamic Ti valence-state change. A continuous Ti valence state change is directly observed through the whole charging/discharging process regardless of charging rates, which proves that along with the well-known non-faradaic reaction, the surface charging process also originates from a faradaic reaction. The quantification of these two surface storage contributions at different charging rates is further realized through in situ dynamic valence state monitoring combined with traditional cyclic voltammetry measurement. The methodology reported here can also be applied to other electrode materials for the real-time probing of valence state change during electrochemical reactions, the quantification of the faradaic and non-faradaic reactions, and the eventual elucidation of electrochemical surface charging mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Tang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Oleksandr I Malyi
- Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1048 Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nicolas Bucher
- Technische Universität München, 85748, Garching, Germany
- TUM CREATE, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Huarong Xia
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shibo Xi
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zhisheng Lv
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Wenlong Li
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jiaqi Wei
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Madhavi Srinivasan
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- TUM CREATE, Singapore, 138602, Singapore
| | - Armando Borgna
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Markus Antonietti
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Yonghua Du
- Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences, 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore, 627833, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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139
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Coupling of electrochemically triggered thermal and mechanical effects to aggravate failure in a layered cathode. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2437. [PMID: 29934582 PMCID: PMC6014973 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04862-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemically driven functioning of a battery inevitably induces thermal and mechanical effects, which in turn couple with the electrochemical effect and collectively govern the performance of the battery. However, such a coupling effect, whether favorable or detrimental, has never been explicitly elucidated. Here we use in situ transmission electron microscopy to demonstrate such a coupling effect. We discover that thermally perturbating delithiated LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 will trigger explosive nucleation and propagation of intragranular cracks in the lattice, providing us a unique opportunity to directly visualize the cracking mechanism and dynamics. We reveal that thermal stress associated with electrochemically induced phase inhomogeneity and internal pressure resulting from oxygen release are the primary driving forces for intragranular cracking that resembles a "popcorn" fracture mechanism. The present work reveals that, for battery performance, the intricate coupling of electrochemical, thermal, and mechanical effects will surpass the superposition of individual effects.
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140
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Puthusseri D, Wahid M, Ogale S. Conversion-type Anode Materials for Alkali-Ion Batteries: State of the Art and Possible Research Directions. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:4591-4601. [PMID: 31458682 PMCID: PMC6641647 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the potential of conversion-type anode materials for alkali-ion batteries has been examined and analyzed in terms of the parameters of prime importance for practical alkali-ion systems. Issues like voltage hysteresis, discharge profile, rate stabilities, cyclic stabilities, irreversible capacity loss, and Columbic efficiencies have been specifically addressed and analyzed as the key subjects. Relevant studies on achieving a better performance by addressing one or more of the issues have been carefully selected and outlook has been presented on the basis of this literature. Mechanistic insights into the subject of conversion reactions are discussed in light of the use of recent and advanced techniques like in situ transmission electron microscopy, in operando X-ray diffraction, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Three-dimensional plots depicting the performance of different materials, morphologies, and compositions with respect to these parameters are also presented to highlight the systematic of multiparameter dependencies. Inferences are drawn from these plots in the form of a short section at the end, which should be helpful to the readers, especially young researchers. We believe that this study differs from others on the subject in being focused toward addressing the practical limitations and providing possible research directions to achieve the best possible results from conversion-type anode materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanya Puthusseri
- Department
of Physics and Centre for Energy Science and Department of Chemistry and Centre
for Energy Science, Indian Institute of
Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Malik Wahid
- Department
of Physics and Centre for Energy Science and Department of Chemistry and Centre
for Energy Science, Indian Institute of
Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - Satishchandra Ogale
- Department
of Physics and Centre for Energy Science and Department of Chemistry and Centre
for Energy Science, Indian Institute of
Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
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141
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Wu J, Sallis S, Qiao R, Li Q, Zhuo Z, Dai K, Guo Z, Yang W. Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering. J Vis Exp 2018:57415. [PMID: 29733322 PMCID: PMC6100655 DOI: 10.3791/57415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy storage has become more and more a limiting factor of today's sustainable energy applications, including electric vehicles and green electric grid based on volatile solar and wind sources. The pressing demand of developing high-performance electrochemical energy storage solutions, i.e., batteries, relies on both fundamental understanding and practical developments from both the academy and industry. The formidable challenge of developing successful battery technology stems from the different requirements for different energy-storage applications. Energy density, power, stability, safety, and cost parameters all have to be balanced in batteries to meet the requirements of different applications. Therefore, multiple battery technologies based on different materials and mechanisms need to be developed and optimized. Incisive tools that could directly probe the chemical reactions in various battery materials are becoming critical to advance the field beyond its conventional trial-and-error approach. Here, we present detailed protocols for soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (sXAS), soft X-ray emission spectroscopy (sXES), and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) experiments, which are inherently elemental-sensitive probes of the transition-metal 3d and anion 2p states in battery compounds. We provide the details on the experimental techniques and demonstrations revealing the key chemical states in battery materials through these soft X-ray spectroscopy techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Wu
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University; Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
| | - Shawn Sallis
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Binghamton University
| | - Ruimin Qiao
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
| | - Qinghao Li
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; School of Physics, National Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University
| | - Zengqing Zhuo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; School of Advanced Materials, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School
| | - Kehua Dai
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University
| | - Zixuan Guo
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California-Santa Barbara
| | - Wanli Yang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory;
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142
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Kourousias G, Bozzini B, Jones MWM, Van Riessen GA, Dal Zilio S, Billè F, Kiskinova M, Gianoncelli A. Monitoring dynamic electrochemical processes with in situ ptychography. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-018-0703-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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143
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley D. Minteer
- JACS Associate Editor and USTAR Professor of
Chemistry, University of Utah
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144
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Mukai K. A series of zero-strain lithium insertion materials that undergo a non-topotactic reaction. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.01.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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145
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Hoffman AS, Azzam S, Zhang K, Xu Y, Liu Y, Bare SR, Simonetti DA. Direct observation of the kinetics of gas–solid reactions using in situ kinetic and spectroscopic techniques. REACT CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00020d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In situ spectroscopic techniques provide kinetic and chemical structure data for elucidation of reaction mechanisms and pathways during reactive separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam S. Hoffman
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
- Menlo Park
- USA
| | - Sara Azzam
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department
- University of California-Los Angeles
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Kai Zhang
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
- Menlo Park
- USA
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility
| | - Yahong Xu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
- Menlo Park
- USA
| | - Yijin Liu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
- Menlo Park
- USA
| | - Simon R. Bare
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
- Menlo Park
- USA
| | - Dante A. Simonetti
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department
- University of California-Los Angeles
- Los Angeles
- USA
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146
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Tardif S, Pavlenko E, Quazuguel L, Boniface M, Maréchal M, Micha JS, Gonon L, Mareau V, Gebel G, Bayle-Guillemaud P, Rieutord F, Lyonnard S. Operando Raman Spectroscopy and Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction of Lithiation/Delithiation in Silicon Nanoparticle Anodes. ACS NANO 2017; 11:11306-11316. [PMID: 29111665 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b05796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Operando Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction were combined to probe the evolution of strain in Li-ion battery anodes made of crystalline silicon nanoparticles. The internal structure of the nanoparticles during two discharge/charge cycles was evaluated by analyzing the intensity and position of Si diffraction peaks and Raman TO-LO phonons. Lithiation/delithiation of the silicon under limited capacity conditions triggers the formation of "crystalline core-amorphous shell" particles, which we evidenced as a stepwise decrease in core size, as well as sequences of compressive/tensile strain due to the stress applied by the shell. In particular, we showed that different sequences occur in the first and the second cycle, due to different lithiation processes. We further evidenced critical experimental conditions for accurate operando Raman spectroscopy measurements due to the different heat conductivity of lithiated and delithiated Si. Values of the stress extracted from both operando XRD and Raman are in excellent agreement. Long-term ex situ measurements confirmed the continuous increase of the internal compressive strain, unfavorable to the Si lithiation and contributing to the capacity fading. Finally, a simple mechanical model was used to estimate the sub-nanometer thickness of the interfacial shell applying the stress on the crystalline core. Our complete operando diagnosis of the strain and stress in SiNPs provides both a detailed scenario of the mechanical consequences of lithiation/delithiation in SiNP and also experimental values that are much needed for the benchmarking of theoretical models and for the further rational design of SiNP-based electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Tardif
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC, MEM , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ekaterina Pavlenko
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, SYMMES , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Lucille Quazuguel
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, SYMMES , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Maxime Boniface
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC, MEM , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Manuel Maréchal
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, SYMMES , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Laurent Gonon
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, SYMMES , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Vincent Mareau
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, SYMMES , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Gérard Gebel
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LITEN , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - François Rieutord
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INAC, MEM , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sandrine Lyonnard
- University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, INAC, SYMMES , F-38000 Grenoble, France
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