101
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Qu P, Kuepfert M, Ahmed E, Liu F, Weck M. Cross‐Linked Polymeric Micelles as Catalytic Nanoreactors. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peiyuan Qu
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Square East New York, NY 10003 USA
| | - Michael Kuepfert
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Square East New York, NY 10003 USA
| | - Eman Ahmed
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Square East New York, NY 10003 USA
| | - Fangbei Liu
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Square East New York, NY 10003 USA
| | - Marcus Weck
- Molecular Design Institute and Department of Chemistry New York University 100 Washington Square East New York, NY 10003 USA
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102
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Abstract
Significant advances in enzyme discovery, protein and reaction engineering have transformed biocatalysis into a viable technology for the industrial scale manufacturing of chemicals. Multi-enzyme catalysis has emerged as a new frontier for the synthesis of complex chemicals. However, the in vitro operation of multiple enzymes simultaneously in one vessel poses challenges that require new strategies for increasing the operational performance of enzymatic cascade reactions. Chief among those strategies is enzyme co-immobilization. This review will explore how advances in synthetic biology and protein engineering have led to bioinspired co-localization strategies for the scaffolding and compartmentalization of enzymes. Emphasis will be placed on genetically encoded co-localization mechanisms as platforms for future autonomously self-organizing biocatalytic systems. Such genetically programmable systems could be produced by cell factories or emerging cell-free systems. Challenges and opportunities towards self-assembling, multifunctional biocatalytic materials will be discussed.
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103
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Lacto- N-biose synthesis via a modular enzymatic cascade with ATP regeneration. iScience 2021; 24:102236. [PMID: 33748718 PMCID: PMC7967015 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), the third most abundant solid component of human milk, are reported to be beneficial to infant health. The biosynthesis of lacto-N-biose (LNB), the building block for HMOs, suffers from excessive addition of cofactors and intermediate inhibition. Here, we developed an in vitro multienzyme cascade composed of LNB module, ATP regeneration, and pyruvate oxidase-driven phosphate recycling to produce LNB. The integration between ATP regeneration and Pi alleviation increased the LNB conversion ratio and resulted in a ΔG'° decrease of 540 KJ/mol. Under optimal conditions, the LNB conversion ratio was improved from 0.34 to 0.83 mol/mol GlcNAc and the ATP addition decreased to 50%. Finally, 0.96 mol/mol GlcNAc and 71.6 mg LNB g-1 GlcNAc h-1 of LNB yield was achieved in a 100-mL reaction system. The synergistic strategy not only paves the way for producing LNB but also facilitates other chemicals with multienzyme cascades.
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104
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Inprung N, James MJ, Taylor RJK, Unsworth WP. A Thiol-Mediated Three-Step Ring Expansion Cascade for the Conversion of Indoles into Functionalized Quinolines. Org Lett 2021; 23:2063-2068. [PMID: 33645997 PMCID: PMC8041380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
An operationally simple, high yielding three-step cascade process is described for the direct conversion of indole-tethered ynones into functionalized quinolines. A single "multitasking" thiol reagent is used to promote a three-step dearomatizing spirocyclization, nucleophilic substitution, and one-atom ring expansion reaction cascade under remarkably mild conditions. In addition, a novel route to thio-oxindoles is described, which was discovered by serendipity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nantachai Inprung
- Department of Chemistry, University
of York, Heslington, York, U.K.., YO10 5DD
| | - Michael J. James
- Department of Chemistry, University
of York, Heslington, York, U.K.., YO10 5DD
| | | | - William P. Unsworth
- Department of Chemistry, University
of York, Heslington, York, U.K.., YO10 5DD
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105
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Martínez
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Lukas Veth
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bruno Lainer
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Paweł Dydio
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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106
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Sarak S, Sung S, Jeon H, Patil MD, Khobragade TP, Pagar AD, Dawson PE, Yun H. An Integrated Cofactor/Co-Product Recycling Cascade for the Biosynthesis of Nylon Monomers from Cycloalkylamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:3481-3486. [PMID: 33140477 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We report a highly atom-efficient integrated cofactor/co-product recycling cascade employing cycloalkylamines as multifaceted starting materials for the synthesis of nylon building blocks. Reactions using E. coli whole cells as well as purified enzymes produced excellent conversions ranging from >80 and 95 % into desired ω-amino acids, respectively with varying substrate concentrations. The applicability of this tandem biocatalytic cascade was demonstrated to produce the corresponding lactams by employing engineered biocatalysts. For instance, ϵ-caprolactam, a valuable polymer building block was synthesized with 75 % conversion from 10 mM cyclohexylamine by employing whole-cell biocatalysts. This cascade could be an alternative for bio-based production of ω-amino acids and corresponding lactam compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharad Sarak
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 050-29, South Korea
| | - Sihyong Sung
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 050-29, South Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Jeon
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 050-29, South Korea
| | - Mahesh D Patil
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 050-29, South Korea
| | - Taresh P Khobragade
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 050-29, South Korea
| | - Amol D Pagar
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 050-29, South Korea
| | - Philip E Dawson
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Hyungdon Yun
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 050-29, South Korea
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107
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Dubey NC, Tripathi BP. Nature Inspired Multienzyme Immobilization: Strategies and Concepts. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:1077-1114. [PMID: 35014469 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In a biological system, the spatiotemporal arrangement of enzymes in a dense cellular milieu, subcellular compartments, membrane-associated enzyme complexes on cell surfaces, scaffold-organized proteins, protein clusters, and modular enzymes have presented many paradigms for possible multienzyme immobilization designs that were adapted artificially. In metabolic channeling, the catalytic sites of participating enzymes are close enough to channelize the transient compound, creating a high local concentration of the metabolite and minimizing the interference of a competing pathway for the same precursor. Over the years, these phenomena had motivated researchers to make their immobilization approach naturally realistic by generating multienzyme fusion, cluster formation via affinity domain-ligand binding, cross-linking, conjugation on/in the biomolecular scaffold of the protein and nucleic acids, and self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules. This review begins with the discussion of substrate channeling strategies and recent empirical efforts to build it synthetically. After that, an elaborate discussion covering prevalent concepts related to the enhancement of immobilized enzymes' catalytic performance is presented. Further, the central part of the review summarizes the progress in nature motivated multienzyme assembly over the past decade. In this section, special attention has been rendered by classifying the nature-inspired strategies into three main categories: (i) multienzyme/domain complex mimic (scaffold-free), (ii) immobilization on the biomolecular scaffold, and (iii) compartmentalization. In particular, a detailed overview is correlated to the natural counterpart with advances made in the field. We have then discussed the beneficial account of coassembly of multienzymes and provided a synopsis of the essential parameters in the rational coimmobilization design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi C Dubey
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Bijay P Tripathi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
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108
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Simultaneous directed evolution of coupled enzymes for efficient asymmetric synthesis of l-phosphinothricin. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:AEM.02563-20. [PMID: 33310717 PMCID: PMC8090864 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02563-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional strategy to improve the efficiency of an entire coupled enzyme system relies on separate direction of the evolution of enzymes involved in their respective enzymatic reactions. This strategy can lead to enhanced single-enzyme catalytic efficiency but may also lead to loss of coordination among enzymes. This study aimed to overcome such shortcomings by executing a directed evolution strategy on multiple enzymes in one combined group that catalyzes the asymmetric biosynthesis of l-phosphinothricin. The genes of a glutamate dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas moorei (PmGluDH) and a glucose dehydrogenase from Exiguobacterium sibiricum (EsGDH), along with other gene parts (promoters, ribosomal binding sites (RBSs), and terminators) were simultaneously evolved. The catalytic efficiency of PmGluDH was boosted by introducing the beneficial mutation A164G (from 1.29 s-1mM-1 to 183.52 s-1mM-1), and the EsGDH expression level was improved by optimizing the linker length between the RBS and the start codon of gdh. The total turnover numbers of the bioreaction increased from 115 (GluDH WTNADPH) to 5846 (A164GNADPH coupled with low expression of EsGDH), and to 33950 (A164GNADPH coupled with high expression of EsGDH). The coupling efficiency was increased from ∼30% (GluDH_WT with low expression of GDH) to 83.3% (GluDH_A164G with high expression of GDH). In the batch production of l-phosphinothricin utilizing whole-cell catalysis, the strongest biocatalytic reaction exhibited a high space-time yield (6410 g·L-1·d-1) with strict stereoselectivity (>99% enantiomeric excess).Importance: The traditional strategy to improve multienzyme-catalyzed reaction efficiency may lead to enhanced single-enzyme catalytic efficiency but may also result in loss of coordination among enzymes. We describe a directed evolution strategy of an entire coupled enzyme system to simultaneously enhance enzyme coordination and catalytic efficiency. The simultaneous evolution strategy was applied to a multienzyme-catalyzed reaction for the asymmetric synthesis of l-phosphinothricin, which not only enhanced the catalytic efficiency of GluDH but also improved the coordination between GluDH and GDH. Since this strategy is enzyme-independent, it may be applicable to other coupled enzyme systems for chiral chemical synthesis.
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109
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Sun K, Ding Z, Zhang J, Chen H, Qin Y, Xu S, Wu C, Yu J, Chiu DT. Enhancing the Long-Term Stability of a Polymer Dot Glucose Transducer by Using an Enzymatic Cascade Reaction System. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001019. [PMID: 33094566 PMCID: PMC8168372 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Impaired glucose metabolism in diabetes causes severe acute and long-term complications, making real-time detection of blood glucose indispensable for diabetic patients. Existing continuous glucose monitoring systems are unsuitable for long-term clinical glycemic management due to poor long-term stability. Polymer dot (Pdot) glucose transducers are implantable optical nanosensors that exhibit excellent brightness, sensitivity, selectivity, and biocompatibility. Here, it is shown that hydrogen peroxide-a product of glucose oxidation in Pdot glucose sensors-degrades sensor performance via photobleaching, reduces glucose oxidase activity, and generates cytotoxicity. By adding catalase to a glucose oxidase-based Pdot sensor to create an enzymatic cascade, the hydrogen peroxide product of glucose oxidation is rapidly decomposed by catalase, preventing its accumulation and improving the sensor's photostability, enzymatic activity, and biocompatibility. Thus, a next-generation Pdot glucose transducer with a multienzyme reaction system (Pdot-GOx/CAT) that provides excellent sensing characteristics as well as greater detection system stability is presented. Pdot glucose transducers that incorporate this enzymatic cascade to eliminate hydrogen peroxide will possess greater long-term stability for improved continuous glucose monitoring in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Zhaoyang Ding
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Jicheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Haobin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Yuling Qin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Shihan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Changfeng Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jiangbo Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Daniel T Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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110
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Švarc A, Fekete M, Hernandez K, Clapés P, Findrik Blažević Z, Szekrenyi A, Skendrović D, Vasić-Rački Đ, Charnock SJ, Presečki AV. An innovative route for the production of atorvastatin side-chain precursor by DERA-catalysed double aldol addition. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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111
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Richter M, Vieira L, Sieber V. Sustainable Chemistry - An Interdisciplinary Matrix Approach. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:251-265. [PMID: 32945148 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Within the framework of green chemistry, the continuous development of new and advanced tools for sustainable synthesis is essential. For this, multi-facetted underlying demands pose inherent challenges to individual chemical disciplines. As a solution, both interdisciplinary technology screening and research can enhance the possibility for groundbreaking innovation. To illustrate the stages from discovery to the implementing of combined technologies, a SusChem matrix model is proposed inspired by natural product biosynthesis. The model describes a multi-dimensional and dynamic exploratory space where necessary interaction is exclusively provided and guided by sustainable themes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Richter
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB Bio- Electro-and Chemocatalysis BioCat Straubing Branch, Schulgasse 11a, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Luciana Vieira
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB Bio- Electro-and Chemocatalysis BioCat Straubing Branch, Schulgasse 11a, 94315, Straubing, Germany
| | - Volker Sieber
- Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB Bio- Electro-and Chemocatalysis BioCat Straubing Branch, Schulgasse 11a, 94315, Straubing, Germany
- Technical University of Munich Campus, Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Schulgasse 16, 94315, Straubing, Germany
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112
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Su D, Li H, Yan X, Lin Y, Lu G. Biosensors based on fluorescence carbon nanomaterials for detection of pesticides. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.116126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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113
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Jia TZ, Wang PH, Niwa T, Mamajanov I. Connecting primitive phase separation to biotechnology, synthetic biology, and engineering. J Biosci 2021; 46:79. [PMID: 34373367 PMCID: PMC8342986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
One aspect of the study of the origins of life focuses on how primitive chemistries assembled into the first cells on Earth and how these primitive cells evolved into modern cells. Membraneless droplets generated from liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) are one potential primitive cell-like compartment; current research in origins of life includes study of the structure, function, and evolution of such systems. However, the goal of primitive LLPS research is not simply curiosity or striving to understand one of life's biggest unanswered questions, but also the possibility to discover functions or structures useful for application in the modern day. Many applicational fields, including biotechnology, synthetic biology, and engineering, utilize similar phaseseparated structures to accomplish specific functions afforded by LLPS. Here, we briefly review LLPS applied to primitive compartment research and then present some examples of LLPS applied to biomolecule purification, drug delivery, artificial cell construction, waste and pollution management, and flavor encapsulation. Due to a significant focus on similar functions and structures, there appears to be much for origins of life researchers to learn from those working on LLPS in applicational fields, and vice versa, and we hope that such researchers can start meaningful cross-disciplinary collaborations in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony Z Jia
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-IE-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550 Japan
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, 1001 4th Ave., Suite 3201, Seattle, Washington 98154 USA
| | - Po-Hsiang Wang
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-IE-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550 Japan
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Central University, Zhongli Dist, 300 Zhongda Rd, Taoyuan City, 32001 Taiwan
| | - Tatsuya Niwa
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503 Japan
| | - Irena Mamajanov
- Earth-Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-IE-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550 Japan
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114
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Development of a Cofactor Balanced, Multi Enzymatic Cascade Reaction for the Simultaneous Production of L-Alanine and L-Serine from 2-Keto-3-deoxy-gluconate. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic reaction cascades represent a powerful tool to convert biogenic resources into valuable chemicals for fuel and commodity markets. Sugars and their breakdown products constitute a significant group of possible substrates for such biocatalytic conversion strategies to value-added products. However, one major drawback of sugar cascades is the need for cofactor recycling without using additional enzymes and/or creating unwanted by-products. Here, we describe a novel, multi-enzymatic reaction cascade for the one-pot simultaneous synthesis of L-alanine and L-serine, using the sugar degradation product 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate and ammonium as precursors. To pursue this aim, we used four different, thermostable enzymes, while the necessary cofactor NADH is recycled entirely self-sufficiently. Buffer and pH optimisation in combination with an enzyme titration study yielded an optimised production of 21.3 +/− 1.0 mM L-alanine and 8.9 +/− 0.4 mM L-serine in one pot after 21 h.
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115
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Sarak S, Sung S, Jeon H, Patil MD, Khobragade TP, Pagar AD, Dawson PE, Yun H. An Integrated Cofactor/Co‐Product Recycling Cascade for the Biosynthesis of Nylon Monomers from Cycloalkylamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharad Sarak
- Department of Systems Biotechnology Konkuk University 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu Seoul 050-29 South Korea
| | - Sihyong Sung
- Department of Systems Biotechnology Konkuk University 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu Seoul 050-29 South Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Jeon
- Department of Systems Biotechnology Konkuk University 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu Seoul 050-29 South Korea
| | - Mahesh D. Patil
- Department of Systems Biotechnology Konkuk University 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu Seoul 050-29 South Korea
| | - Taresh P. Khobragade
- Department of Systems Biotechnology Konkuk University 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu Seoul 050-29 South Korea
| | - Amol D. Pagar
- Department of Systems Biotechnology Konkuk University 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu Seoul 050-29 South Korea
| | - Philip E. Dawson
- Department of Chemistry The Scripps Research Institute 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA
| | - Hyungdon Yun
- Department of Systems Biotechnology Konkuk University 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu Seoul 050-29 South Korea
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116
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Chen LZ, Huang SL, Hou J, Guo XP, Wang FS, Sheng JZ. Cell-based and cell-free biocatalysis for the production of D-glucaric acid. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:203. [PMID: 33303009 PMCID: PMC7731778 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01847-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
D-Glucaric acid (GA) is a value-added chemical produced from biomass, and has potential applications as a versatile platform chemical, food additive, metal sequestering agent, and therapeutic agent. Marketed GA is currently produced chemically, but increasing demand is driving the search for eco-friendlier and more efficient production approaches. Cell-based production of GA represents an alternative strategy for GA production. A series of synthetic pathways for GA have been ported into Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris, respectively, and these engineered cells show the ability to synthesize GA de novo. Optimization of the GA metabolic pathways in host cells has leapt forward, and the titer and yield have increased rapidly. Meanwhile, cell-free multi-enzyme catalysis, in which the desired pathway is constructed in vitro from enzymes and cofactors involved in GA biosynthesis, has also realized efficient GA bioconversion. This review presents an overview of studies of the development of cell-based GA production, followed by a brief discussion of potential applications of biosensors that respond to GA in these biosynthesis routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Zhou Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Si-Ling Huang
- Bloomage BioTechnology Corp., Ltd., Jinan, 250010, China
| | - Jin Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xue-Ping Guo
- Bloomage BioTechnology Corp., Ltd., Jinan, 250010, China
| | - Feng-Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ju-Zheng Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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117
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Zhou K, Tian T, Wang C, Zhao H, Gao N, Yin H, Wang P, Ravoo BJ, Li G. Multifunctional Integrated Compartment Systems for Incompatible Cascade Reactions Based on Onion-Like Photonic Spheres. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20605-20615. [PMID: 33245854 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
One of the central aims of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering is to mimic the integrality of eukaryotic cells to construct a multifunctional compartment system to perform multistep incompatible cascade reactions in a one-pot, controlled, and selective fashion. The key challenge is how to address the coexistence of antagonistic reagents and to incorporate these functionalities into an integrated system in a smart and efficient way. A novel strategy called "iterative etching-grafting" is proposed here based on monodispersed photonic spheres (PSs) prepared by microfluidics, which constructs a universal platform for incompatible cascade reactions. As a proof of concept, we spatiotemporally regulated the degree of etching of PSs, then grafted precursory groups of acid and base onto PSs, and incorporated a photocleavage method, which were capable of compartmentalizing the acid and base inside PSs. Utilizing the band-gap offsets of PSs could track the progress of cascade reactions in situ, and grafting various charged polymers on the surface of the pores by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) achieved the selectivity of the substrates, which flexibly constructed a multifunctional and integrated acid-base photonic multicompartment system (PMCS). The created PMCS shows excellent catalytic performance, convenient monitoring, and efficient substrate selectivity in the deacetalization-Knoevenagel cascade reaction. Furthermore, two types of electrophile/nucleophile PMCSs have also been accessibly constructed, demonstrating the facile generation of other incompatible systems with the versatility as well as the advancement and extensibility of the developed strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Chemistry, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Hongwei Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ning Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hang Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organic Chemistry Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Guangtao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Vanderstraeten J, Briers Y. Synthetic protein scaffolds for the colocalisation of co-acting enzymes. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 44:107627. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Abstract
Cascade reactions have been described as efficient and universal tools, and are of substantial interest in synthetic organic chemistry. This review article provides an overview of the novel and recent achievements in enzyme cascade processes catalyzed by multi-enzymatic or chemoenzymatic systems. The examples here selected collect the advances related to the application of the sequential use of enzymes in natural or genetically modified combination; second, the important combination of enzymes and metal complex systems, and finally we described the application of biocatalytic biohybrid systems on in situ catalytic solid-phase as a novel strategy. Examples of efficient and interesting enzymatic catalytic cascade processes in organic chemistry, in the production of important industrial products, such as the designing of novel biosensors or bio-chemocatalytic systems for medicinal chemistry application, are discussed
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Wohlgemuth R. Biocatalysis - Key enabling tools from biocatalytic one-step and multi-step reactions to biocatalytic total synthesis. N Biotechnol 2020; 60:113-123. [PMID: 33045418 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the area of human-made innovations to improve the quality of life, biocatalysis has already had a great impact and contributed enormously to a growing number of catalytic transformations aimed at the detection and analysis of compounds, the bioconversion of starting materials and the preparation of target compounds at any scale, from laboratory small scale to industrial large scale. The key enabling tools which have been developed in biocatalysis over the last decades also provide great opportunities for further development and numerous applications in various sectors of the global bioeconomy. Systems biocatalysis is a modular, bottom-up approach to designing the architecture of enzyme-catalyzed reaction steps in a synthetic route from starting materials to target molecules. The integration of biocatalysis and sustainable chemistry in vitro aims at ideal conversions with high molecular economy and their intensification. Retrosynthetic analysis in the chemical and biological domain has been a valuable tool for target-oriented synthesis while, on the other hand, diversity-oriented synthesis builds on forward-looking analysis. Bioinformatic tools for rapid identification of the required enzyme functions, efficient enzyme production systems, as well as generalized bioprocess design tools, are important for rapid prototyping of the biocatalytic reactions. The tools for enzyme engineering and the reaction engineering of each enzyme-catalyzed one-step reaction are also valuable for coupling reactions. The tools to overcome interaction issues with other components or enzymes are of great interest in designing multi-step reactions as well as in biocatalytic total synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Wohlgemuth
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland; Swiss Coordination Committee on Biotechnology (SKB), Nordstrasse 15, 8021 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Chen H, Zhang YHPJ. Enzymatic regeneration and conservation of ATP: challenges and opportunities. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 41:16-33. [PMID: 33012193 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1826403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the universal energy currency of life, has a central role in numerous biochemical reactions with potential for the synthesis of numerous high-value products. ATP can be regenerated by three types of mechanisms: substrate level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation, and photophosphorylation. Current ATP regeneration methods are mainly based on substrate level phosphorylation catalyzed by one enzyme, several cascade enzymes, or in vitro synthetic enzymatic pathways. Among them, polyphosphate kinases and acetate kinase, along with their respective phosphate donors, are the most popular approaches for in vitro ATP regeneration. For in vitro artificial pathways, either ATP-free or ATP-balancing strategies can be implemented via smart pathway design by choosing ATP-independent enzymes. Also, we discuss some remaining challenges and suggest perspectives, especially for industrial biomanufacturing. Development of ATP regeneration systems featuring low cost, high volumetric productivity, long lifetime, flexible compatibility, and great robustness could be one of the bottom-up strategies for cascade biocatalysis and in vitro synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongge Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi-Heng P Job Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, China
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Martínez-Rodríguez S, Torres JM, Sánchez P, Ortega E. Overview on Multienzymatic Cascades for the Production of Non-canonical α-Amino Acids. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:887. [PMID: 32850740 PMCID: PMC7431475 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The 22 genetically encoded amino acids (AAs) present in proteins (the 20 standard AAs together with selenocysteine and pyrrolysine), are commonly referred as proteinogenic AAs in the literature due to their appearance in ribosome-synthetized polypeptides. Beyond the borders of this key set of compounds, the rest of AAs are generally named imprecisely as non-proteinogenic AAs, even when they can also appear in polypeptide chains as a result of post-transductional machinery. Besides their importance as metabolites in life, many of D-α- and L-α-"non-canonical" amino acids (NcAAs) are of interest in the biotechnological and biomedical fields. They have found numerous applications in the discovery of new medicines and antibiotics, drug synthesis, cosmetic, and nutritional compounds, or in the improvement of protein and peptide pharmaceuticals. In addition to the numerous studies dealing with the asymmetric synthesis of NcAAs, many different enzymatic pathways have been reported in the literature allowing for the biosynthesis of NcAAs. Due to the huge heterogeneity of this group of molecules, this review is devoted to provide an overview on different established multienzymatic cascades for the production of non-canonical D-α- and L-α-AAs, supplying neophyte and experienced professionals in this field with different illustrative examples in the literature. Whereas the discovery of new or newly designed enzymes is of great interest, dusting off previous enzymatic methodologies by a "back and to the future" strategy might accelerate the implementation of new or improved multienzymatic cascades.
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125
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Liang J, Liang K. Multi‐enzyme Cascade Reactions in Metal‐organic Frameworks. CHEM REC 2020; 20:1100-1116. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202000067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jieying Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Kang Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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126
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Che S, Wang J, Ji X, Su Z, Wang S, Zhang S. Positional assembly of multi-enzyme cascade reaction in polyelectrolyte doped microcapsule through electrospray and layer-by-layer assembly. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2020; 5:206-213. [PMID: 32671236 PMCID: PMC7339003 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte-doped microcapsules (PDM) was fabricated by coaxial electrospray of a mixture of glycerol and water containing 10 mg/mL cationic polyelectrolyte poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) fed as the core phase solution, and a N,N-dimethylacetylamide solution of 10 wt% polyurethane fed as the shell phase solution. Multi-enzyme system involving Candida Antarctica lipase B (CALB), glucose oxidase (GOD), and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for cascade reaction was assembled in the PDM at three different places, namely, surface, shell, and lumen. Placing of enzyme inside aqueous lumen of the PDM was realized by in situ encapsulation through adding the enzyme in the core-phase solution for coaxial electrospray. By ion-pairing of enzyme with cationic surfactant CTAB, an organic soluble enzyme-CTAB complex was prepared, so that in situ embedding of enzyme in the shell of the PDM was realized by adding it into the shell phase solution. Surface attachment of enzymes was achieved by layer-by-layer (LbL) technology, which is based on the ion-exchange interactions between oppositely charged enzymes and PAH that was doped in PDM. The enzyme-decorated microcapsule was then studied as a micro-bioreactor, in which 1-Oxododecyla-α-glucopyranoside was converted by CALB to glucose, which was oxidised by GOD to gluconolactone in a second step. The hydrogen peroxide produced was then used by HRP to oxidize ABTS to form coloured radical cation ABTS•+ for activity analysis. The successful fabrication of the PDM and precise localization of enzymes in the PDM by different strategies were fully characterized. By varying the immobilization strategy, totally six PDM bioreactors with three enzymes precisely positional assembled in different strategies were constructed and their activities for the cascade reaction were investigated and compared. The PDM micro-bioreactor prepared by novel electrospray technologies provide a smart platform for positional assembly of multi-enzyme cascade reaction in a precise and well-controlled manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Che
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19 Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhiguo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Shaomin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Songping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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127
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Liu JL, Zabetakis D, Breger JC, Anderson GP, Goldman ER. Multi-Enzyme Assembly on T4 Phage Scaffold. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:571. [PMID: 32671028 PMCID: PMC7327620 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, various scaffolds have been designed and synthesized to organize enzyme cascades spatially for enhanced enzyme activity based on the concepts of substrate channeling and enhanced stability. The most bio-compatible synthetic scaffolds known for enzyme immobilization are protein and DNA nanostructures. Herein, we examined the utility of the T4 phage capsid to serve as a naturally occurring protein scaffold for the immobilization of a three-enzyme cascade: Amylase, Maltase, and Glucokinase. Covalent constructs between each of the enzymes and the outer capsid protein Hoc were prepared through SpyTag-SpyCatcher pairing and assembled onto phage capsids in vitro with an estimated average of 90 copies per capsid. The capsid-immobilized Maltase has a fourfold higher initial rate relative to Maltase free in solution. Kinetic analysis also revealed that the immobilized three-enzyme cascade has an 18-fold higher converted number of NAD+ to NADH relative to the mixtures in solution. Our results demonstrate that the T4 phage capsid can act as a naturally occurring scaffold with substantial potential to enhance enzyme activity by spatially organizing enzymes on the capsid Hoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinny L Liu
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Daniel Zabetakis
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Joyce C Breger
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
| | - George P Anderson
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Ellen R Goldman
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
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128
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Karagoz P, Mandair R, Manayil JC, Lad J, Chong K, Kyriakou G, Lee AF, Wilson K, Bill RM. Purification and immobilization of engineered glucose dehydrogenase: a new approach to producing gluconic acid from breadwaste. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2020; 13:100. [PMID: 32514312 PMCID: PMC7268246 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01735-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platform chemicals are essential to industrial processes. Used as starting materials for the manufacture of diverse products, their cheap availability and efficient sourcing are an industrial requirement. Increasing concerns about the depletion of natural resources and growing environmental consciousness have led to a focus on the economics and ecological viability of bio-based platform chemical production. Contemporary approaches include the use of immobilized enzymes that can be harnessed to produce high-value chemicals from waste. RESULTS In this study, an engineered glucose dehydrogenase (GDH) was optimized for gluconic acid (GA) production. Sulfolobus solfataricus GDH was expressed in Escherichia coli. The K m and V max values for recombinant GDH were calculated as 0.87 mM and 5.91 U/mg, respectively. Recombinant GDH was immobilized on a hierarchically porous silica support (MM-SBA-15) and its activity was compared with GDH immobilized on three commercially available supports. MM-SBA-15 showed significantly higher immobilization efficiency (> 98%) than the commercial supports. After 5 cycles, GDH activity was at least 14% greater than the remaining activity on commercial supports. Glucose in bread waste hydrolysate was converted to GA by free-state and immobilized GDH. After the 10th reuse cycle on MM-SBA-15, a 22% conversion yield was observed, generating 25 gGA/gGDH. The highest GA production efficiency was 47 gGA/gGDH using free-state GDH. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the feasibility of enzymatically converting BWH to GA: immobilizing GDH on MM-SBA-15 renders the enzyme more stable and permits its multiple reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinar Karagoz
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET UK
| | - Ravneet Mandair
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET UK
| | | | - Jai Lad
- European Bioenergy Research Institute (EBRI), Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET UK
| | - Katie Chong
- European Bioenergy Research Institute (EBRI), Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET UK
| | - Georgios Kyriakou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 265 04 Patras, Greece
| | - Adam F. Lee
- Applied Chemistry & Environmental Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Karen Wilson
- Applied Chemistry & Environmental Science, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Roslyn M. Bill
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET UK
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129
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Wang T, Lei QL, Wang M, Deng G, Yang L, Liu X, Li C, Wang Q, Liu Z, Wang J, Cui Z, Utama KG, Ni R, Chen X. Mechanical Tolerance of Cascade Bioreactions via Adaptive Curvature Engineering for Epidermal Bioelectronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2000991. [PMID: 32323403 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal bioelectronics that can monitor human health status non-invasively and in real time are core to wearable healthcare equipment. Achieving mechanically tolerant surface bioreactions that convert biochemical information to detectable signals is crucial for obtaining high sensing fidelity. In this work, by combining simulations and experiments, a typical epidermal biosensor system is investigated based on a redox enzyme cascade reaction (RECR) comprising glucose oxidase/lactate oxidase enzymes and Prussian blue nanoparticles. Simulations reveal that strain-induced change in surface reactant flux is the key to the performance drop in traditional flat bioelectrodes. In contrast, wavy bioelectrodes capable of curvature adaptation maintain the reactant flux under strain, which preserves sensing fidelity. This rationale is experimentally proven by bioelectrodes with flat/wavy geometry under both static strain and dynamic stretching. When exposed to 50% strain, the signal fluctuations for wavy bioelectrodes are only 7.0% (4.9%) in detecting glucose (lactate), which are significantly lower than the 40.3% (51.8%) in flat bioelectrodes. Based on this wavy bioelectrode, a stable human epidermal metabolite biosensor insensitive to human gestures is further demonstrated. This mechanically tolerant biosensor based on adaptive curvature engineering provides a reliable bio/chemical-information monitoring platform for soft healthcare bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qun-Li Lei
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Ming Wang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Guoying Deng
- Trauma & Emergency Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, P. R. China
| | - Le Yang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
| | - Xijian Liu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Chunlin Li
- Trauma & Emergency Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Trauma & Emergency Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, P. R. China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jianwu Wang
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zequn Cui
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Kevin Goldio Utama
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ran Ni
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459, Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Innovative Center for Flexible Devices (iFLEX), Max Planck-NTU Joint Lab for Artificial Senses, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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130
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Zhou Y, Sekar BS, Wu S, Li Z. Benzoic acid production via cascade biotransformation and coupled fermentation‐biotransformation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:2340-2350. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.27366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences InstituteNational University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Balaji Sundara Sekar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Shuke Wu
- Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences InstituteNational University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Zhi Li
- Synthetic Biology for Clinical and Technological Innovation (SynCTI), Life Sciences InstituteNational University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
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131
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Maskeri MA, Schrader ML, Scheidt KA. A Sequential Umpolung/Enzymatic Dynamic Kinetic Resolution Strategy for the Synthesis of γ-Lactones. Chemistry 2020; 26:5794-5798. [PMID: 32084294 PMCID: PMC7210063 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Combining biological and small-molecule catalysts under a chemoenzymatic manifold presents a series of significant advantages to the synthetic community. We report herein the successful development of a two-step/single flask synthesis of γ-lactones through the merger of Umpolung catalysis with a ketoreductase-catalyzed dynamic kinetic resolution, reduction, and cyclization. This combined approach delivers highly enantio- and diastereoenriched heterocycles and demonstrates the feasibility of integrating NHC catalysis with enzymatic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Maskeri
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug, Discovery, Northwestern University, Silverman Hall, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Malte L. Schrader
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug, Discovery, Northwestern University, Silverman Hall, Evanston, Illinois 60208
| | - Karl A. Scheidt
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug, Discovery, Northwestern University, Silverman Hall, Evanston, Illinois 60208
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132
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Krishnan BP, Prieto-López LO, Hoefgen S, Xue L, Wang S, Valiante V, Cui J. Thermomagneto-Responsive Smart Biocatalysts for Malonyl-Coenzyme A Synthesis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:20982-20990. [PMID: 32268726 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Smart biocatalysts, in which enzymes are conjugated to stimuli-responsive polymers, have gained considerable attention because of their catalytic switchability and recyclability. Although many systems have been developed, they require separate laboratory techniques for their recovery, making them unsuitable for many practical applications. To address these issues, we designed a thermomagneto-responsive biocatalyst by immobilizing an enzyme on the terminal of thermo-responsive polymer brushes tethered on magnetic nanoparticle (NP) clusters. The concept is demonstrated by a system consisting of iron oxide NPs, poly(N-isopropyl-acrylamide), and a malonyl-Coenzyme A synthetase (MatB). By using free malonate and coenzyme A (CoA), the designed catalyst exhibits adequate activity for the production of malonyl-CoA. Thanks to the use of a magnetic NP cluster, whose magnetic moment is high, this system is fully recoverable under the magnetic field at above 32 °C because of the collapse of the thermo-responsive polymer shell in the clusters. In addition, the recycled catalyst maintains moderate activity even after three cycles, and it also shows excellent catalytic switchability, that is, negligible catalytic activity at 25 °C because of the blockage of the active sites of the enzyme by the extended hydrophilic polymer chains but great catalytic activity at a temperatures above the lower critical solution temperature at which the enzymes are exposed to the reaction medium because of the thermo-responsive contraction of polymer chains. Because the azide functionality in our system can be easily functionalized depending upon our need, such catalytically switchable, fully recoverable, and recyclable multiresponsive catalytic systems can be of high relevance for other cell-free biosynthetic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiju P Krishnan
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | | | - Sandra Hoefgen
- Leibniz Research Group-Biobricks of Microbial Natural Product Syntheses, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 23, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Lulu Xue
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Sheng Wang
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Vito Valiante
- Leibniz Research Group-Biobricks of Microbial Natural Product Syntheses, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 23, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jiaxi Cui
- INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
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133
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Liao C, Seebeck FP. Asymmetric β‐Methylation of
l
‐ and
d
‐α‐Amino Acids by a Self‐Contained Enzyme Cascade. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201916025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cangsong Liao
- Department for ChemistryUniversity of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1002 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Florian P. Seebeck
- Department for ChemistryUniversity of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1002 4056 Basel Switzerland
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134
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Liao C, Seebeck FP. Asymmetric β‐Methylation of
l
‐ and
d
‐α‐Amino Acids by a Self‐Contained Enzyme Cascade. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:7184-7187. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201916025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cangsong Liao
- Department for Chemistry University of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1002 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Florian P. Seebeck
- Department for Chemistry University of Basel Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1002 4056 Basel Switzerland
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135
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Claaßen C, Mack K, Rother D. Benchtop NMR for Online Reaction Monitoring of the Biocatalytic Synthesis of Aromatic Amino Alcohols. ChemCatChem 2020; 12:1190-1199. [PMID: 32194875 PMCID: PMC7074048 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Online analytics provides insights into the progress of an ongoing reaction without the need for extensive sampling and offline analysis. In this study, we investigated benchtop NMR as an online reaction monitoring tool for complex enzyme cascade reactions. Online NMR was used to monitor a two-step cascade beginning with an aromatic aldehyde and leading to an aromatic amino alcohol as the final product, applying two different enzymes and a variety of co-substrates and intermediates. Benchtop NMR enabled the concentration of the reaction components to be detected in buffered systems in the single-digit mM range without using deuterated solvent. The concentrations determined via NMR were correlated with offline samples analyzed via uHPLC and displayed a good correlation between the two methods. In summary, benchtop NMR proved to be a sensitive, selective and reliable method for online reaction monitoring in (multi-step) biosynthesis. In future, online analytic systems such as the benchtop NMR devices described might not only enable direct monitoring of the reaction, but may also form the basis for self-regulation in biocatalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Claaßen
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences – Biotechnology (IBG-1)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425JülichGermany
| | - K. Mack
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences – Biotechnology (IBG-1)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425JülichGermany
- Aachen Biology and Biotechnology (ABBt)RWTH Aachen University52074AachenGermany
| | - D. Rother
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences – Biotechnology (IBG-1)Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425JülichGermany
- Aachen Biology and Biotechnology (ABBt)RWTH Aachen University52074AachenGermany
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136
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Giannakopoulou A, Gkantzou E, Polydera A, Stamatis H. Multienzymatic Nanoassemblies: Recent Progress and Applications. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:202-216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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137
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Zhong C, Duić B, Bolivar JM, Nidetzky B. Three‐Enzyme Phosphorylase Cascade Immobilized on Solid Support for Biocatalytic Synthesis of Cello−oligosaccharides. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhong
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical EngineeringGraz University of Technology, NAWI Graz Petersgasse 12 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Božidar Duić
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical EngineeringGraz University of Technology, NAWI Graz Petersgasse 12 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Juan M. Bolivar
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical EngineeringGraz University of Technology, NAWI Graz Petersgasse 12 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical EngineeringGraz University of Technology, NAWI Graz Petersgasse 12 8010 Graz Austria
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology Petersgasse 14 8010 Graz Austria
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138
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Quantum Dots and Gold Nanoparticles as Scaffolds for Enzymatic Enhancement: Recent Advances and the Influence of Nanoparticle Size. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle scaffolds can impart multiple benefits onto immobilized enzymes including enhanced stability, activity, and recoverability. The magnitude of these benefits is modulated by features inherent to the scaffold–enzyme conjugate, amongst which the size of the nanoscaffold itself can be critically important. In this review, we highlight the benefits of enzyme immobilization on nanoparticles and the factors affecting these benefits using quantum dots and gold nanoparticles as representative materials due to their maturity. We then review recent literature on the use of these scaffolds for enzyme immobilization and as a means to dissect the underlying mechanisms. Detailed analysis of the literature suggests that there is a “sweet-spot” for scaffold size and the ratio of immobilized enzyme to scaffold, with smaller scaffolds and lower enzyme:scaffold ratios generally providing higher enzymatic activities. We anticipate that ongoing studies of enzyme immobilization onto nanoscale scaffolds will continue to sharpen our understanding of what gives rise to beneficial characteristics and allow for the next important step, namely, that of translation to large-scale processes that exploit these properties.
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139
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Zhang X, Cui X, Li Z. Characterization of Two Polyphosphate Kinase 2 Enzymes Used for ATP Synthesis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 191:881-892. [PMID: 31907778 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03224-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes used for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis play important roles in energy-dependent cascade reactions in vitro. In this study, two novel polyphosphate kinase 2 (PPK2) enzymes, HbPPK2 from Hydrogenophilaceae bacterium and NdPPK2 from Nocardioides dokdonensis, were characterized for ATP synthesis with the substrate polyphosphate (polyP). The optimum temperature and pH of both purified HbPPK2 and NdPPK2 were 30 °C and 6.5. HbPPK2 and NdPPK2 retained 30% and 14% of the initial activity at 30 °C for 12 h, respectively, whereas the presence of polyP significantly enhanced the stability of enzymes. The two PPK2s preferentially catalyzed the long-chain polyP hexametaphosphate as the phosphate donor. Adenosine monophosphate could not be used by HbPPK2 and NdPPK2 to synthesize ATP, indicating that they belonged to the class I subfamily of PPK2. HbPPK2 was used for ATP regeneration to produce glutathione by a two-enzyme cascade in vitro. 47.1 ± 0.4 mM glutathione was synthesized with a productivity of 13.5 ± 0.1 mM/h. ATP was regenerated approximately 471 times in the system within 3.5 h. HbPPK2 showed potential application for ATP regeneration in cascade reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xiangwei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zhimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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140
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Begander B, Huber A, Döring M, Sperl J, Sieber V. Development of an Improved Peroxidase-Based High-Throughput Screening for the Optimization of D-Glycerate Dehydratase Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21010335. [PMID: 31947885 PMCID: PMC6982167 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Successful directed evolution examples span a broad range of improved enzyme properties. Nevertheless, the most challenging step for each single directed evolution approach is an efficient identification of improved variants from a large genetic library. Thus, the development and choice of a proper high-throughput screening is a central key for the optimization of enzymes. The detection of low enzymatic activities is especially complicated when they lead to products that are present in the metabolism of the utilized genetic host. Coupled enzymatic assays based on colorimetric products have enabled the optimization of many of such enzymes, but are susceptible to problems when applied on cell extract samples. The purpose of this study was the development of a high-throughput screening for D-glycerate dehydratase activity in cell lysates. With the aid of an automated liquid handling system, we developed a high-throughput assay that relied on a pre-treatment step of cell extract prior to performing the enzymatic and assay reactions. We could successfully apply our method, which should also be transferable to other cell extract-based peroxidase assays, to identify an improved enzyme for the dehydration of D-glycerate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Begander
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, D-94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Anna Huber
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, D-94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Manuel Döring
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, D-94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Josef Sperl
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, D-94315 Straubing, Germany
| | - Volker Sieber
- Chair of Chemistry of Biogenic Resources, Campus Straubing for Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Schulgasse 16, D-94315 Straubing, Germany
- Catalysis Research Center, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9421-187-300
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141
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Woodley JM. Advances in biological conversion technologies: new opportunities for reaction engineering. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00422j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction engineering needs to embrace biological conversion technologies, on the road to identify more sustainable routes for chemical manufacture.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M. Woodley
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
- DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby
- Denmark
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142
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Srinivasamurthy VS, Böttcher D, Engel J, Kara S, Bornscheuer UT. A whole-cell process for the production of ε-caprolactone in aqueous media. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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143
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Petroll K, Care A, Bergquist PL, Sunna A. A novel framework for the cell-free enzymatic production of glucaric acid. Metab Eng 2020; 57:162-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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144
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Abstract
We here described a three-step multi-enzymatic reaction for the one-pot synthesis of vidarabine 5′-monophosphate (araA-MP), an antiviral drug, using arabinosyluracil (araU), adenine (Ade), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as precursors. To this aim, three enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of nucleosides and nucleotides were used in a cascade mode after immobilization: uridine phosphorylase from Clostridium perfringens (CpUP), a purine nucleoside phosphorylase from Aeromonas hydrophila (AhPNP), and deoxyadenosine kinase from Dictyostelium discoideum (DddAK). Specifically, CpUP catalyzes the phosphorolysis of araU thus generating uracil and α-d-arabinose-1-phosphate. AhPNP catalyzes the coupling between this latter compound and Ade to form araA (vidarabine). This nucleoside becomes the substrate of DddAK, which produces the 5′-mononucleotide counterpart (araA-MP) using ATP as the phosphate donor. Reaction conditions (i.e., medium, temperature, immobilization carriers) and biocatalyst stability have been balanced to achieve the highest conversion of vidarabine 5′-monophosphate (≥95.5%). The combination of the nucleoside phosphorylases twosome with deoxyadenosine kinase in a one-pot cascade allowed (i) a complete shift in the equilibrium-controlled synthesis of the nucleoside towards the product formation; and (ii) to overcome the solubility constraints of araA in aqueous medium, thus providing a new route to the highly productive synthesis of araA-MP.
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145
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Heuson E, Dumeignil F. The various levels of integration of chemo- and bio-catalysis towards hybrid catalysis. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00696c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid catalysis is an emerging concept that combines chemo- and biocatalysts in a wide variety of approaches. Combining the specifications and advantages of multiple disciplines, it is a very promising way to diversify tomorrow's catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egon Heuson
- Univ. Lille
- INRA
- ISA
- Univ. Artois
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale
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146
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Kadambar VK, Bellare M, Bollella P, Katz E, Melman A. Electrochemical control of the catalytic activity of immobilized enzymes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13800-13803. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06190e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of the catalytic activity of enzymes immobilized on carbon nanotube electrodes was achieved by changing their local pH environment using electrochemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madhura Bellare
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science
- Clarkson University
- Potsdam
- USA
| | - Paolo Bollella
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science
- Clarkson University
- Potsdam
- USA
| | - Evgeny Katz
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science
- Clarkson University
- Potsdam
- USA
| | - Artem Melman
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science
- Clarkson University
- Potsdam
- USA
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147
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Song JW, Seo JH, Oh DK, Bornscheuer UT, Park JB. Design and engineering of whole-cell biocatalytic cascades for the valorization of fatty acids. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01802f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This review presents the key factors to construct a productive whole-cell biocatalytic cascade exemplified for the biotransformation of renewable fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Won Song
- Department of Food Science and Engineering
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 03760
- Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hyun Seo
- Department of Bio and Fermentation Convergence Technology
- Kookmin University
- Seoul 02707
- Republic of Korea
| | - Doek-Kun Oh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology
- Konkuk University
- Seoul 143-701
- Republic of Korea
| | - Uwe T. Bornscheuer
- Institute of Biochemistry
- Department of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis
- Greifswald University
- 17487 Greifswald
- Germany
| | - Jin-Byung Park
- Department of Food Science and Engineering
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 03760
- Republic of Korea
- Institute of Molecular Microbiology and Biosystems Engineering
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148
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Klein WP, Thomsen RP, Turner KB, Walper SA, Vranish J, Kjems J, Ancona MG, Medintz IL. Enhanced Catalysis from Multienzyme Cascades Assembled on a DNA Origami Triangle. ACS NANO 2019; 13:13677-13689. [PMID: 31751123 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Developing reliable methods of constructing cell-free multienzyme biocatalytic systems is a milestone goal of synthetic biology. It would enable overcoming the limitations of current cell-based systems, which suffer from the presence of competing pathways, toxicity, and inefficient access to extracellular reactants and removal of products. DNA nanostructures have been suggested as ideal scaffolds for assembling sequential enzymatic cascades in close enough proximity to potentially allow for exploiting of channeling effects; however, initial demonstrations have provided somewhat contradictory results toward confirming this phenomenon. In this work, a three-enzyme sequential cascade was realized by site-specifically immobilizing DNA-conjugated amylase, maltase, and glucokinase on a self-assembled DNA origami triangle. The kinetics of seven different enzyme configurations were evaluated experimentally and compared to simulations of optimized activity. A 30-fold increase in the pathway's kinetic activity was observed for enzymes assembled to the DNA. Detailed kinetic analysis suggests that this catalytic enhancement originated from increased enzyme stability and a localized DNA surface affinity or hydration layer effect and not from a directed enzyme-to-enzyme channeling mechanism. Nevertheless, the approach used to construct this pathway still shows promise toward improving other more elaborate multienzymatic cascades and could potentially allow for the custom synthesis of complex (bio)molecules that cannot be realized with conventional organic chemistry approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P Klein
- National Research Council , Washington , D.C. 20001 , United States
| | - Rasmus P Thomsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
| | | | - Scott A Walper
- National Research Council , Washington , D.C. 20001 , United States
| | - James Vranish
- Ave Maria University , Ave Maria , Florida 34142 , United States
| | - Jørgen Kjems
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics , Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus , Denmark
| | | | - Igor L Medintz
- National Research Council , Washington , D.C. 20001 , United States
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149
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Lorillière M, Guérard‐Hélaine C, Gefflaut T, Fessner W, Clapés P, Charmantray F, Hecquet L. Convergent
in situ
Generation of Both Transketolase Substrates
via
Transaminase and Aldolase Reactions for Sequential One‐Pot, Three‐Step Cascade Synthesis of Ketoses. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Lorillière
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA ClermontInstitut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF) Clermont-Ferrand F63000 France
| | - Christine Guérard‐Hélaine
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA ClermontInstitut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF) Clermont-Ferrand F63000 France
| | - Thierry Gefflaut
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA ClermontInstitut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF) Clermont-Ferrand F63000 France
| | - Wolf‐Dieter Fessner
- Institut für Organische Chemie und BiochemieTechnische Universität Darmstadt Darmstadt 64287 Germany
| | - Pere Clapés
- Biotransformation and Bioactive Molecules GroupInstituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña IQAC-CSIC Jordi Barcelona 08034 Spain
| | - Franck Charmantray
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA ClermontInstitut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF) Clermont-Ferrand F63000 France
| | - Laurence Hecquet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA ClermontInstitut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF) Clermont-Ferrand F63000 France
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150
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Seo EJ, Kim HJ, Kim MJ, Kim JS, Park JB. Cofactor specificity engineering of a long-chain secondary alcohol dehydrogenase from Micrococcus luteus for redox-neutral biotransformation of fatty acids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:14462-14465. [PMID: 31728457 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc06447h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Structure-based engineering of a NAD+-dependent secondary alcohol dehydrogenase from Micrococcus luteus led to a 1800-fold increase in catalytic efficiency for NADP+. Furthermore, the engineered enzymes (e.g., D37S/A38R/V39S/T15I) were successfully coupled to a NADPH-dependent Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase from Pseudomonas putida KT2440 for redox-neutral biotransformations of C18 fatty acids into C9 chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Seo
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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