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Tahara M, Okano S, Enokida T, Ueda Y, Fujisawa T, Shinozaki T, Tomioka T, Okano W, Biel MA, Ishida K, Hayashi R. A phase I, single-center, open-label study of RM-1929 photoimmunotherapy in Japanese patients with recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Clin Oncol 2021; 26:1812-1821. [PMID: 34165660 PMCID: PMC8449763 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-021-01960-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Background To determine the safety, preliminary efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of a single cycle of RM-1929 photoimmunotherapy, an anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab conjugated with a light-activatable dye (IRDye®700DX), in Japanese patients with recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (rHNSCC).
Methods Patients received a single fixed dose (640 mg/m2) of RM-1929 and a fixed light treatment dose (50 J/cm2 for superficial illumination; 100 J/cm fiber diffuser length for interstitial illumination). Safety, tumor response (modified RECIST v1.1 by central radiology review), pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity were evaluated.
Results Three Japanese patients were enrolled who had failed ≥ 3 prior lines of therapy including radiation, chemotherapy, cetuximab, and immunotherapy. Target lesions were: submental lesion; right superficial cervical node lesion and oropharynx lesion; and external auditory canal lesion. All patients experienced ≥ 1 treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE), but none were considered dose-limiting. TEAEs were mild to moderate in severity except for one grade 3 application-site pain, which was transient, resolved without sequelae within 24 h, and did not affect study treatment administration. Thirteen of 17 TEAEs reported were possibly or probably related to study treatment. Three patient reports of application-site pain and localized edema were deemed probably related to study treatment. Objective response was observed in two patients (both partial responses). The third patient had disease progression. RM-1929 concentrations and pharmacokinetic parameters were similar in all patients. No patients tested positive for anti-drug antibodies.
Conclusions RM-1929 photoimmunotherapy showed a manageable safety profile in rHNSCC. Tumor response in these heavily pre-treated patients was clinically meaningful and warrants further investigation. Clinical trial registration The trial was registered with the Japanese registry of clinical trials as jRCT2031200133. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10147-021-01960-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Tahara
- Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan.
| | - Susumu Okano
- Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Enokida
- Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Yuri Ueda
- Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Takao Fujisawa
- Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8577, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shinozaki
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Tomioka
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Wataru Okano
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Merrill A Biel
- Clinical Development, Rakuten Medical Inc., 900 Concar Drive, San Mateo, CA, 94402, USA
| | - Kosuke Ishida
- Clinical Development, Rakuten Medical Japan, K.K., Futako Tamagawa Rise Office, 2-21-1, Tamagawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Hayashi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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Shieh P, Hill MR, Zhang W, Kristufek SL, Johnson JA. Clip Chemistry: Diverse (Bio)(macro)molecular and Material Function through Breaking Covalent Bonds. Chem Rev 2021; 121:7059-7121. [PMID: 33823111 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the two decades since the introduction of the "click chemistry" concept, the toolbox of "click reactions" has continually expanded, enabling chemists, materials scientists, and biologists to rapidly and selectively build complexity for their applications of interest. Similarly, selective and efficient covalent bond breaking reactions have provided and will continue to provide transformative advances. Here, we review key examples and applications of efficient, selective covalent bond cleavage reactions, which we refer to herein as "clip reactions." The strategic application of clip reactions offers opportunities to tailor the compositions and structures of complex (bio)(macro)molecular systems with exquisite control. Working in concert, click chemistry and clip chemistry offer scientists and engineers powerful methods to address next-generation challenges across the chemical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton Shieh
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Megan R Hill
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Wenxu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Samantha L Kristufek
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jeremiah A Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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Kobayashi H. Expanding the application of cancer near-infrared photoimmunotherapy. EBioMedicine 2021; 68:103416. [PMID: 34134087 PMCID: PMC8214082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States of America.
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Ogawa M, Takakura H. Photoimmunotherapy: A new cancer treatment using photochemical reactions. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 43:116274. [PMID: 34139484 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is a new molecular-targeted phototherapy in which administration of an antibody conjugated to IR700 (Ab-IR700, a phthalocyanine derivative) is followed by irradiation with near-infrared light. PIT induces cell death due to cell membrane damage, and the formation of IR700 aggregates on the cell membrane triggered by photochemical reactions is an important mechanism of cell killing. Specifically, water-soluble axial ligands of IR700 are cleaved by the photochemical reaction, and the phthalocyanine stacks up due to the π-π interaction, resulting in the formation of aggregates. In addition, the formation of IR700 radical anions and their protonation are essential for the progress of this photochemical reaction. The elucidation of these mechanisms may lead to the development of more effective compounds in the future. In addition, the optical properties of phthalocyanine are expected to expand the medical application of phthalocyanine derivatives in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikako Ogawa
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12 Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Hideo Takakura
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12 Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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105
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Li F, Mao C, Yeh S, Sun Y, Xin J, Shi Q, Ming X. MRP1-targeted near infrared photoimmunotherapy for drug resistant small cell lung cancer. Int J Pharm 2021; 604:120760. [PMID: 34077781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), one of the most aggressive cancers, has a high mortality rate and poor prognosis, and the clinical therapeutic outcomes of multidrug resistant SCLC are even worse. Multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1), one of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins that cause decreased drug accumulation in cancer cells, is overexpressed in drug resistant SCLC cells and could be a promising target for treating the patients suffering from this illness. Near infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed approach for targeted cancer treatment which uses a conjugate of a monoclonal antibody and photoabosorber IR700 followed by NIR light irradiation to induce rapid cancer cell death. In the present study, an anti-MRP1 antibody (Mab) -IR700 conjugate (Mab-IR700) was synthesized, purified and used to treat chemoresistant SCLC H69AR cells that overexpressed MRP1, while non-MRP1-expressing H69 cells were used as a control. Then, the photokilling and tumor suppression effect were separately evaluated in H69AR cells both in vitro and in vivo. Higher cellular delivery of Mab-IR700 was detected in H69AR cells, whereas there was little uptake of IgG-IR700 in both H69 and H69AR cells. Due to the targeting activity of Mab, stronger photokilling effect was found both in H69AR cells and spheroids treated with Mab-IR700, while superior tumor suppression effect was also observed in the mice treated with Mab-IR700 and light illumination. Photoacoustic imaging results proved that oxygen was involved in NIR-PIT treatment, and TUNEL staining images showed the occurrence of cell apoptosis, which was also testified by HE staining. This research provides MRP1 as a novel target for PIT and presents a prospective way for treating drug resistant SCLC and, thus, should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China; Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27157, USA.
| | - Chengqiong Mao
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27157, USA
| | - Stacy Yeh
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27157, USA
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27157, USA
| | - Junbo Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
| | - Qin Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224005, China
| | - Xin Ming
- Department of Cancer Biology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27157, USA.
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Kato T, Wakiyama H, Furusawa A, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Near Infrared Photoimmunotherapy; A Review of Targets for Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112535. [PMID: 34064074 PMCID: PMC8196790 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed cancer treatment that uses an antibody-photoabsorber (IRDye700DX) conjugate (APC) that is activated by NIR light irradiation. A major benefit of NIR-PIT is that only APC-bound cancer cells that are exposed to NIR light are killed by NIR-PIT; thus, minimal damage occurs in adjacent normal cells. NIR-PIT has now been applied to many cancers expressing various cell-surface target proteins using monoclonal antibodies designed to bind to them. Moreover, NIR-PIT is not limited to tumor antigens but can also be used to kill specific host cells that create immune-permissive environments in which tumors grow. Moreover, multiple targets can be treated simultaneously with NIR-PIT using a cocktail of APCs. NIR-PIT has great potential to treat a wide variety of cancers by targeting appropriate tumor cells, immune cells, or both, and can be augmented by other immunotherapies. Abstract Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed cancer treatment that uses an antibody-photoabsorber (IRDye700DX) conjugate (APC) that is activated by NIR light irradiation. In September 2020, the first APC and laser system were conditionally approved for clinical use in Japan. A major benefit of NIR-PIT is that only APC-bound cancer cells that are exposed to NIR light are killed by NIR-PIT; thus, minimal damage occurs in adjacent normal cells. These early trials have demonstrated that in addition to direct cell killing, there is a significant therapeutic host immune response that greatly contributes to the success of the therapy. Although the first clinical use of NIR-PIT targeted epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), many other targets are suitable for NIR-PIT. NIR-PIT has now been applied to many cancers expressing various cell-surface target proteins using monoclonal antibodies designed to bind to them. Moreover, NIR-PIT is not limited to tumor antigens but can also be used to kill specific host cells that create immune-permissive environments in which tumors grow. Moreover, multiple targets can be treated simultaneously with NIR-PIT using a cocktail of APCs. NIR-PIT can be used in combination with other therapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, to enhance the therapeutic effect. Thus, NIR-PIT has great potential to treat a wide variety of cancers by targeting appropriate tumor cells, immune cells, or both, and can be augmented by other immunotherapies.
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Takahashi K, Sugiyama A, Ohkubo K, Tatsumi T, Kodama T, Yamatsugu K, Kanai M. Axially-substituted silicon phthalocyanine payloads for antibody-drug conjugates. Synlett 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1503-6425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
IR700, a silicon phthalocyanine (SiPc) photosensitizer, is an antibody-drug conjugate payload used clinically. It is, however, the sole SiPc payload to date, possibly due to the difficulty of its synthesis, resulting from its asymmetric phathalocyanine skeleton. Here we report a new axially-substituted SiPc payload with easier synthesis. Trastuzumab conjugated with the SiPc showed light- and antigen-dependent cytotoxicity in HER2-overexpressed cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Takahashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Akira Sugiyama
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Osaka University, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Tatsumi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Kenzo Yamatsugu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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108
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Okuyama S, Fujimura D, Inagaki F, Okada R, Maruoka Y, Wakiyama H, Kato T, Furusawa A, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Real-time IR700 Fluorescence Imaging During Near-infrared Photoimmunotherapy Using a Clinically-approved Camera for Indocyanine Green. CANCER DIAGNOSIS & PROGNOSIS 2021; 1:29-34. [PMID: 35403125 PMCID: PMC8962761 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Near-infrared photoimmuno-therapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly approved cancer phototherapy. We aim to confirm whether a clinically approved camera for indocyanine green (ICG) could monitor IR700 fluorescence in real time during exposure to therapeutic NIR light. MATERIALS AND METHODS An NIR camera, LIGHTVISION, designed to image ICG fluorescence, was used. A431-GFP/luc tumor-bearing mice were exposed to therapeutic NIR light and real-time fluorescence imaging (RT-FI) was obtained and measured with LIGHTVISION. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) was performed to confirm cell death. RESULTS RT-FI during NIR-PIT revealed an initial rapid loss of fluorescence, followed by a plateau which occurred at a light dose of approximately 30 J/cm 2 . Correlation between BLI and IR700 fluorescence loss showed that loss of fluorescence was associated with increased cell death. CONCLUSION The efficacy of NIR-PIT could be monitored non-invasively and in real-time using weak fluorescence at wavelengths much longer than the peak fluorescence of IR700. This technique can achieve precise light dosimetry that allows us to decide on the optimal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Okuyama
- Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National CancerInstitute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A
| | - Daiki Fujimura
- Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National CancerInstitute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A
| | - Fuyuki Inagaki
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National CancerInstitute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A
| | - Ryuhei Okada
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National CancerInstitute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A
| | - Yasuhiro Maruoka
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National CancerInstitute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A
| | - Hiroaki Wakiyama
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National CancerInstitute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A
| | - Takuya Kato
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National CancerInstitute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A
| | - Aki Furusawa
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National CancerInstitute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National CancerInstitute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National CancerInstitute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, U.S.A
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Yasui H, Nishinaga Y, Taki S, Takahashi K, Isobe Y, Shimizu M, Koike C, Taki T, Sakamoto A, Katsumi K, Ishii K, Sato K. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy targeting GPR87: Development of a humanised anti-GPR87 mAb and therapeutic efficacy on a lung cancer mouse model. EBioMedicine 2021; 67:103372. [PMID: 33993055 PMCID: PMC8138482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GPR87 is a G-protein receptor that is specifically expressed in tumour cells, such as lung cancer, and rarely expressed in normal cells. GPR87 is a promising target for cancer therapy, but its ligand is controversial. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a novel cancer therapy in which a photosensitiser, IRDye700DX (IR700), binds to antibodies and specifically destroys target cells by irradiating them with near-infrared-light. Here, we aimed to develop a NIR-PIT targeting GPR87. METHODS We evaluated the expression of GPR87 in resected specimens of lung cancer and malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) resected at Nagoya University Hospital using immunostaining. Humanised anti-GPR87 antibody (huGPR87) was generated by introducing CDRs from mouse anti-GPR87 antibody generated by standard hybridoma method. HuGPR87 was conjugated with IR700 and the therapeutic effect of NIR-PIT was evaluated in vitro and in vivo using lung cancer or MPM cell lines. FINDINGS Among the surgical specimens, 54% of lung cancer and 100% of MPM showed high expression of GPR87. It showed therapeutic effects on lung cancer and MPM cell lines in vitro, and showed therapeutic effects in multiple models in vivo. INTERPRETATION These results suggest that NIR-PIT targeting GPR87 is a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of thoracic cancer. FUNDING This research was supported by the Program for Developing Next-generation Researchers (Japan Science and Technology Agency), KAKEN (18K15923, 21K07217, JSPS), FOREST-Souhatsu, CREST (JST).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotoshi Yasui
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuko Nishinaga
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shunichi Taki
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuomi Takahashi
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Isobe
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Aichi, Japan
| | - Misae Shimizu
- Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC) / Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), B3 Unit, 65, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Aichi, Japan
| | - Chiaki Koike
- Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC) / Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), B3 Unit, 65, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Taki
- Department of Pathology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Aichi, Japan
| | - Aya Sakamoto
- Perseus Proteomics, Inc., 4-7-6, Komaba 153-0041, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Katsumi
- Perseus Proteomics, Inc., 4-7-6, Komaba 153-0041, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ishii
- Perseus Proteomics, Inc., 4-7-6, Komaba 153-0041, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Sato
- Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Aichi, Japan; Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC) / Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), B3 Unit, 65, Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8560, Aichi, Japan; FOREST- Souhatsu, CREST, JST; Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, S-YLC, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Aichi,, Japan.
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Paraboschi I, Turnock S, Kramer-Marek G, Musleh L, Barisa M, Anderson J, Giuliani S. Near-InfraRed PhotoImmunoTherapy (NIR-PIT) for the local control of solid cancers: Challenges and potentials for human applications. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 161:103325. [PMID: 33836238 PMCID: PMC8177002 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Near-InfraRed PhotoImmunoTherapy (NIR-PIT) is a novel cancer-targeted treatment effected by a chemical conjugation between a photosensitiser (e.g. the NIR phthalocyanine dye IRDye700DX) and a cancer-targeting moiety (e.g. a monoclonal antibody, moAb). Delivery of a conjugate in vivo leads to accumulation at the tumour cell surface by binding to cell surface receptors or antigens. Upon deployment of focal NIR-light, irradiation of the conjugate results in a rapid, targeted cell death. However, the mechanisms of action to produce the cytotoxic effects have yet to be fully understood. Herein, we bring together the current knowledge of NIR-PIT from preclinical and clinical studies in a variety of cancers highlighting the key unanswered research questions. Furthermore, we discuss how to enhance the local control of solid cancers using this novel treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Paraboschi
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional & Surgical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen Turnock
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Layla Musleh
- Department of Specialist Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Marta Barisa
- Cancer Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - John Anderson
- Cancer Section, Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Oncology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, England, UK
| | - Stefano Giuliani
- Wellcome/EPSRC Centre for Interventional & Surgical Sciences, University College London, London, UK; Department of Specialist Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Okada R, Furusawa A, Vermeer DW, Inagaki F, Wakiyama H, Kato T, Nagaya T, Choyke PL, Spanos WC, Allen CT, Kobayashi H. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy targeting human-EGFR in a mouse tumor model simulating current and future clinical trials. EBioMedicine 2021; 67:103345. [PMID: 33933782 PMCID: PMC8102756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a cancer treatment that uses antibody-photoabsorber (IRDye700DX, IR700) conjugates (APCs) which bind to target cells and are photoactivated by NIR light inducing rapid necrotic cell death. NIR-PIT targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor (hEGFR) has been shown to destroy hEGFR expressing human tumor cells and to be effective in immunodeficient mouse models. NIR-PIT can also be targeted to cells in the tumor microenvironment, for instance, CD25-targeted NIR-PIT can be used to selectively deplete regulatory T cells (Tregs) within a tumor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined therapeutic efficacy of hEGFR and CD25-targeted NIR-PIT in a newly established hEGFR expressing murine oropharyngeal cell line (mEERL-hEGFR). Methods panitumumab conjugated with IR700 (pan-IR700) was used as the cancer cell-directed component of NIR-PIT and anti-CD25-F(ab′)2-IR700 was used as the tumor microenvironment-directed component of NIR-PIT. Efficacy was evaluated using tumor-bearing mice in four groups: (1) non-treatment group (control), (2) pan-IR700 based NIR-PIT (pan-PIT), (3) anti-CD25-F(ab′)2-IR700 based NIR-PIT (CD25-PIT), (4) combined NIR-PIT with pan-IR700 and anti-CD25- F(ab′)2-IR700 (combined PIT). Findings the combined PIT group showed the greatest inhibition of tumor growth. Destruction of cancer cells likely leads to an immune response which is amplified by the loss of Tregs in the tumor microenvironment. Interpretation combined hEGFR and CD25-targeted NIR-PIT is a promising treatment for hEGFR expressing cancers in which Treg cells play an immunosuppressive role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuhei Okada
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Aki Furusawa
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Daniel W Vermeer
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, United States
| | - Fuyuki Inagaki
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Hiroaki Wakiyama
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Takuya Kato
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Tadanobu Nagaya
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - William C Spanos
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, United States; Department of Surgery, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, United States
| | - Clint T Allen
- Translational Tumor Immunology Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
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112
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Watanabe T, Tateno H. Elimination of cells deviated from human induced pluripotent stem cells with a photoactivatable IR700-labelled antibody. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 554:13-18. [PMID: 33774274 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are important starting materials for cell therapy products (CTPs) used for transplantation. During cell culture, hiPSCs often spontaneously undergo morphological changes and lose pluripotency. Such cells are called 'deviated cells', which are deviated from the undifferentiated state of hiPSCs, lack the expression of hiPSC markers and become positive for the early differentiation marker SSEA1 (stage-specific embryonic antigen 1, Lewis X glycan). Previously, we identified fibronectin (FN) as a predominant carrier protein of SSEA1 secreted from deviated cells, but not hiPSCs. A sandwich assay using antibodies (Abs) against FN and SSEA1 was developed for non-destructive quantitative evaluation of deviated cells present in hiPSC cultures. In this study, a novel technology was developed to specifically eliminate deviated cells using an anti-FN Ab along with a near-infrared (NIR) photoabsorber, IRDye700DX N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (IR700), which has been used for cancer photoimmunotherapy. The anti-FN Ab conjugated with the IR700 dye (IR700-αFN) bound to and induced the death of deviated cells upon NIR irradiation. In contrast, IR700-αFN failed to stain the hiPSCs, and IR700-αFN/NIR had little or no effect on survival. Finally, IR700-αFN/NIR irradiation induced selective removal of deviated cells from a mixed culture with hiPSCs, demonstrating that the proposed method is suitable for the removal of unwanted deviated cells present in hiPSC culture for the production of CTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Watanabe
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tateno
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan.
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113
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Analysis of the triplet-state kinetics of a photosensitizer for photoimmunotherapy by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.113094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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114
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Inagaki FF, Fujimura D, Furusawa A, Okada R, Wakiyama H, Kato T, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Fluorescence Imaging of Tumor-Accumulating Antibody-IR700 Conjugates Prior to Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) Using a Commercially Available Camera Designed for Indocyanine Green. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:1238-1246. [PMID: 33502869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c01107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed cancer treatment that uses antibody-IRDye700DX (IR700) conjugates and was recently approved in Japan for patients with inoperable head and neck cancer. Exposure of the tumor with NIR light at a wavelength of 690 nm leads to physicochemical changes in the antibody-IR700 conjugate-cell receptor complex, resulting in increased hydrophobicity and damage to the integrity of the cell membrane. However, it is important that the tumor be completely exposed to light during NIR-PIT, and thus, a method to provide real-time information on tumor location would help clinicians direct light more accurately. IR700 is a fluorophore that emits at 702 nm; however, there is no clinically available device optimized for detecting this fluorescence. On the other hand, many indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging devices have been approved for clinical use in operating rooms. Therefore, we investigated whether LIGHTVISION, one of the clinically available ICG cameras, could be employed for NIR-PIT target tumor detection. Due to the limited benefits of adding IR700 molecules, the additional conjugation of IRDye800CW (IR800) or ICG-EG4-Sulfo-OSu (ICG-EG4), which has an overlapping spectrum with ICG, to trastuzumab-IR700 conjugates was performed. Conjugation of second NIR dyes did not interfere the efficacy of NIR-PIT. The dual conjugation of IR800 and IR700 to trastuzumab clearly visualized target tumors with LIGHTVISION by detecting emission light of IR800. We demonstrated that the conjugation of second NIR dyes enables us to provide a real-time feedback of tumor locations prior to NIR-PIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyuki F Inagaki
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Daiki Fujimura
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Aki Furusawa
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Ryuhei Okada
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Hiroaki Wakiyama
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Takuya Kato
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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115
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Hirata H, Kuwatani M, Nakajima K, Kodama Y, Yoshikawa Y, Ogawa M, Sakamoto N. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) on cholangiocarcinoma using a novel catheter device with light emitting diodes. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:828-838. [PMID: 33345417 PMCID: PMC7894014 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a novel therapy for cancers that uses NIR light and antibody-photosensitizer (IR700) conjugates. However, it is difficult to deliver NIR light into the bile duct for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) from the conventional extracorporeal apparatus. Thus, in this study, we developed a dedicated catheter with light emitting diodes (LEDs) that supersedes conventional external irradiation devices; we investigated the therapeutic effect of NIR-PIT for CCA using the novel catheter. The new catheter was designed to be placed in the bile duct and a temperature sensor was attached to the tip of the catheter to avoid thermal burn. An anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody, Panitumumab-IR700 conjugate or anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) antibody, Trastuzumab-IR700 conjugate, was used with EGFR- or HER2-expressing cell lines, respectively. The in vitro efficacy of NIR-PIT was confirmed in cultured cells; the capability of the new catheter for NIR-PIT was then tested in a mouse tumor model. NIR-PIT via the developed catheter treated CCA xenografts in mice. NIR-PIT had an effect in Panitumumab-IR700 conjugate- and Trastuzumab-IR700 conjugate-treated CCA cells that depended on the receptor expression level. Tumor growth was significantly suppressed in mice treated with NIR-PIT using the novel catheter compared with controls (P < .01). NIR-PIT was an effective treatment for EGFR- and HER2-expressing CCA cells, and the novel catheter with mounted LEDs was useful for NIR-PIT of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Hirata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masaki Kuwatani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kohei Nakajima
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | | | - Mikako Ogawa
- Laboratory of Bioanalysis and Molecular Imaging, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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116
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Yasui H, Takahashi K, Taki S, Shimizu M, Koike C, Umeda K, Rahman S, Akashi T, Nguyen VS, Nakagawa Y, Sato K. Near Infrared Photo‐Antimicrobial Targeting Therapy for
Candida albicans. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotoshi Yasui
- Respiratory Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
| | - Kazuomi Takahashi
- Respiratory Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
| | - Shunichi Taki
- Respiratory Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
| | - Misae Shimizu
- Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), B3 Unit Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
| | - Chiaki Koike
- Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), B3 Unit Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
| | - Koji Umeda
- EW Nutrition Japan Immunology Research Institute in Gifu 839‐7, Gifu‐City Sano Gifu 501‐1101 Japan
| | - Shofiqur Rahman
- EW Nutrition Japan Immunology Research Institute in Gifu 839‐7, Gifu‐City Sano Gifu 501‐1101 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Akashi
- Division of OMICS Analysis Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
- Division of Systems Biology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
- S‐YLC Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research Furo‐cho, Chikusa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 464‐8601 Japan
| | - Van Sa Nguyen
- EW Nutrition Japan Immunology Research Institute in Gifu 839‐7, Gifu‐City Sano Gifu 501‐1101 Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Nakagawa
- Division of OMICS Analysis Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
| | - Kazuhide Sato
- Respiratory Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine 65 Tsuumai‐cho, Showa‐ku Nagoya Aichi 466‐8550 Japan
- CREST, JST Honcho Kawaguchi Saitama 332‐0012 Japan
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117
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Gu W, Meng F, Haag R, Zhong Z. Actively targeted nanomedicines for precision cancer therapy: Concept, construction, challenges and clinical translation. J Control Release 2021; 329:676-695. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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118
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Kobayashi H, Furusawa A, Rosenberg A, Choyke PL. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy of cancer: a new approach that kills cancer cells and enhances anti-cancer host immunity. Int Immunol 2021; 33:7-15. [PMID: 32496557 PMCID: PMC7771006 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxaa037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a recently developed hybrid cancer therapy that directly kills cancer cells as well as producing a therapeutic host immune response. Conventional immunotherapies, such as immune-activating cytokine therapy, checkpoint inhibition, engineered T cells and suppressor cell depletion, do not directly destroy cancer cells, but rely exclusively on activating the immune system. NIR-PIT selectively destroys cancer cells, leading to immunogenic cell death that initiates local immune reactions to released cancer antigens from dying cancer cells. These are characterized by rapid maturation of dendritic cells and priming of multi-clonal cancer-specific cytotoxic T cells that kill cells that escaped the initial direct effects of NIR-PIT. The NIR-PIT can be applied to a wide variety of cancers either as monotherapy or in combination with conventional immune therapies to further activate anti-cancer immunity. A global Phase 3 clinical trial (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03769506) of NIR-PIT targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in patients with recurrent head and neck cancer is underway, employing RM1929/ASP1929, a conjugate of anti-EGFR antibody (cetuximab) plus the photo-absorber IRDye700DX (IR700). NIR-PIT has been given fast-track recognition by regulators in the USA and Japan. A variety of imaging methods, including direct IR700 fluorescence imaging, can be used to monitor NIR-PIT. As experience with NIR-PIT grows, additional antibodies will be employed to target additional antigens on other cancers or to target immune-suppressor cells to enhance host immunity. NIR-PIT will be particularly important in patients with localized and locally advanced cancers and may help such patients avoid side-effects associated with surgery, radiation and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aki Furusawa
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Adrian Rosenberg
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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119
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Mitra K, Hartman MCT. Silicon phthalocyanines: synthesis and resurgent applications. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1168-1190. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02299c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Their unique axial bonds and NIR optical properties have made silicon phthalocyanines (SiPcs) valuable compounds. Herein, we present key synthetic strategies and emerging applications of SiPcs over the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushambi Mitra
- Department of Chemistry
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Richmond
- USA
- Massey Cancer Center
| | - Matthew C. T. Hartman
- Department of Chemistry
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Richmond
- USA
- Massey Cancer Center
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120
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Wang M, Rao J, Wang M, Li X, Liu K, Naylor MF, Nordquist RE, Chen WR, Zhou F. Cancer photo-immunotherapy: from bench to bedside. Theranostics 2021; 11:2218-2231. [PMID: 33500721 PMCID: PMC7797676 DOI: 10.7150/thno.53056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy and immunotherapy in combination is considered the ideal strategy for treating metastatic cancer, as it can eliminate the primary tumors and induce host immunity to control distant metastases. Phototherapy, a promising targeted therapy, eradicates primary tumors using an appropriate dosage of focal light irradiation, while initiating antitumor immune responses through induced immunogenic tumor cell death. Recently, phototherapy has been employed to improve the efficacy of immunotherapies such as chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Phototherapy and immunoadjuvant therapy have been used in combination clinically, wherein the induced immunogenic cell death and enhanced antigen presentation synergy, inducing a systemic antitumor immune response to control residual tumor cells at the treatment site and distant metastases. This review summarizes studies on photo-immunotherapy, the combination of phototherapy and immunotherapy, especially focusing on the development and progress of this unique combination from a benchtop project to a promising clinical therapy for metastatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jie Rao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Meng Wang
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xiaosong Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Kaili Liu
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | | | - Robert E. Nordquist
- Immunophotonics, Inc., 4320 Forest Park Ave., #303 (BAL), St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | - Wei R. Chen
- Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Feifan Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
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121
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Kim J, Lee S, Na K. Glycyrrhetinic Acid-Modified Silicon Phthalocyanine for Liver Cancer-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy. Biomacromolecules 2020; 22:811-822. [PMID: 33356155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
To supplement shortcomings of existing treatments and enhance the therapeutic effect for liver cancer, a novel photosensitizer is designed using silicon phthalocyanine (SiPC) and a unique targeting moiety, glycyrrhetinic acid (GA). The SiPC is modified with a hydrophilic polymer and finally bound with GA. The solubility, fluorescence, singlet oxygen generation, and UV-vis absorbance are analyzed, and receptor-dependent intracellular influx is estimated in various cell lines. Using flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, intracellular fluorescence was detected in liver cancer because of GA receptor overexpression. To prove in vitro photodynamic therapeutic effects, the sample treated cells are irradiated and viability of liver cancer cells decreases in proportion to laser power. Then, it is confirmed that GA-modified SiPC effectively accumulated in liver cancer of HepG2 tumor-bearing mouse. Additionally, the PDT-combined therapeutic effect of GA-modified SiPC is observed in the tumor model and shown to have a tumor growth inhibition effect (60.36 times higher than the control group) and supported by histological analyses. These results demonstrate that the newly modified SiPC can be applied to liver cancer-specific treatment with high therapeutic efficacy. Consequently, novel SiPC has the potential to alter conventional liver cancer-targeted therapy and chemotherapy in clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghee Lee
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Na
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
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122
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Weinstain R, Slanina T, Kand D, Klán P. Visible-to-NIR-Light Activated Release: From Small Molecules to Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2020; 120:13135-13272. [PMID: 33125209 PMCID: PMC7833475 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoactivatable (alternatively, photoremovable, photoreleasable, or photocleavable) protecting groups (PPGs), also known as caged or photocaged compounds, are used to enable non-invasive spatiotemporal photochemical control over the release of species of interest. Recent years have seen the development of PPGs activatable by biologically and chemically benign visible and near-infrared (NIR) light. These long-wavelength-absorbing moieties expand the applicability of this powerful method and its accessibility to non-specialist users. This review comprehensively covers organic and transition metal-containing photoactivatable compounds (complexes) that absorb in the visible- and NIR-range to release various leaving groups and gasotransmitters (carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, and hydrogen sulfide). The text also covers visible- and NIR-light-induced photosensitized release using molecular sensitizers, quantum dots, and upconversion and second-harmonic nanoparticles, as well as release via photodynamic (photooxygenation by singlet oxygen) and photothermal effects. Release from photoactivatable polymers, micelles, vesicles, and photoswitches, along with the related emerging field of photopharmacology, is discussed at the end of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Weinstain
- School
of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Tomáš Slanina
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dnyaneshwar Kand
- School
of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Petr Klán
- Department
of Chemistry and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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123
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Wakiyama H, Furusawa A, Okada R, Inagaki F, Kato T, Maruoka Y, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Increased Immunogenicity of a Minimally Immunogenic Tumor after Cancer-Targeting Near Infrared Photoimmunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3747. [PMID: 33322807 PMCID: PMC7763141 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a highly selective cancer treatment that employs an antibody photoabsorber conjugate (APC) composed of a targeting monoclonal antibody (mAb) conjugated with a photoactivatable phthalocyanine-derivative dye. Once injected and allowed to bind to a tumor, the APC is activated by local near-infrared light which kills cancer cells and induces a strong immune response in the tumor microenvironment by unmasking of new tumor antigens emerging from damaged tumor cells. Due to its ability to incite an immune reaction, even in poorly immunogenic tumors, NIR-PIT has the potential to enhance immunogenicity in tumors especially after immune checkpoint inhibition. In this study, we employ a poorly immunogenic MOC2-luc syngeneic tumor model and evaluate the efficacy of cancer-targeting CD44-targeted NIR-PIT. Increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells observed after NIR-PIT suggested an enhanced immune environment. Next, we evaluated tumor progression and survival after the combination of CD44-targeted NIR-PIT and short-term administration of an anti-PD1 immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) to further activate CD8+ T cells. Additionally, in mice in which the tumors were eradicated by this combination therapy, a re-challenge with fresh MOC2-luc cells demonstrated failure of tumor implantation implying acquired long-term immunity against the cancer cells. Combination therapy decreased tumor progression and prolonged survival significantly. Therefore, we concluded that NIR-PIT was able to convert a minimally immunogenic tumor unresponsive to anti-PD-1 ICI into a highly immunogenic tumor responsive to anti-PD-1 ICI, and this therapy was capable of inducing long-term immunity against the treated cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (H.W.); (A.F.); (R.O.); (F.I.); (T.K.); (Y.M.); (P.L.C.)
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124
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Luo D, Wang X, Walker E, Wang J, Springer S, Lou J, Ramamurthy G, Burda C, Basilion JP. Nanoparticles Yield Increased Drug Uptake and Therapeutic Efficacy upon Sequential Near-Infrared Irradiation. ACS NANO 2020; 14:15193-15203. [PMID: 33090762 PMCID: PMC9109620 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles offer great opportunities for precision medicine. However, the use of nanoparticles as smart photosensitizers that target tumor biomarkers and are responsive to the tumor microenvironment has yet to be explored. Herein, prostate cancer (PCa)-selective theranostic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for precise cancer imaging and therapy are developed. Silicon phthalocyanine, Pc158, was synthesized and deactivated by conjugating it to AuNPs via a biocleavable linker. In vitro and in vivo, the targeted AuNPs show excellent selectivity for PSMA-positive tumor cells. Triggered release of the therapeutic, Pc158, followed by sequential photodynamic therapy (PDT) results in significant inhibition of tumor growth. Further, we demonstrate that multiple sequential PDT greatly enhances nanoparticle uptake and therapeutic efficacy. PSMA is highly expressed in the neovasculature of most other solid tumors in humans, as well as PCa, making this approach of great practical interest for precision PDT in a wide range of cancers.
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125
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Gierlich P, Mata AI, Donohoe C, Brito RMM, Senge MO, Gomes-da-Silva LC. Ligand-Targeted Delivery of Photosensitizers for Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2020; 25:E5317. [PMID: 33202648 PMCID: PMC7698280 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising cancer treatment which involves a photosensitizer (PS), light at a specific wavelength for PS activation and oxygen, which combine to elicit cell death. While the illumination required to activate a PS imparts a certain amount of selectivity to PDT treatments, poor tumor accumulation and cell internalization are still inherent properties of most intravenously administered PSs. As a result, common consequences of PDT include skin photosensitivity. To overcome the mentioned issues, PSs may be tailored to specifically target overexpressed biomarkers of tumors. This active targeting can be achieved by direct conjugation of the PS to a ligand with enhanced affinity for a target overexpressed on cancer cells and/or other cells of the tumor microenvironment. Alternatively, PSs may be incorporated into ligand-targeted nanocarriers, which may also encompass multi-functionalities, including diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we highlight the major advances in active targeting of PSs, either by means of ligand-derived bioconjugates or by exploiting ligand-targeting nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Gierlich
- CQC, Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-435 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.G.); (A.I.M.); (C.D.); (R.M.M.B.)
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St. James’s Hospital, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Ana I. Mata
- CQC, Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-435 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.G.); (A.I.M.); (C.D.); (R.M.M.B.)
| | - Claire Donohoe
- CQC, Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-435 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.G.); (A.I.M.); (C.D.); (R.M.M.B.)
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St. James’s Hospital, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Rui M. M. Brito
- CQC, Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-435 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.G.); (A.I.M.); (C.D.); (R.M.M.B.)
- BSIM Therapeutics, Instituto Pedro Nunes, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mathias O. Senge
- Medicinal Chemistry, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, St. James’s Hospital, D08W9RT Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Lígia C. Gomes-da-Silva
- CQC, Coimbra Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-435 Coimbra, Portugal; (P.G.); (A.I.M.); (C.D.); (R.M.M.B.)
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Gomes-da-Silva LC, Kepp O, Kroemer G. Regulatory approval of photoimmunotherapy: photodynamic therapy that induces immunogenic cell death. Oncoimmunology 2020; 9:1841393. [PMID: 33178498 PMCID: PMC7595598 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2020.1841393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In September 2020, the Japanese government approved cetuximab saratolacan (previously known as RM-1929, commercial name: Akalux) for the treatment of unresectable locally advanced or recurrent head and neck cancer. Cetuximab saratolacan is a chemical conjugate of the photosensitizer IR700 with cetuximab, which targets EGFR. The treatment consists in the intravenous injection of cetuximab saratolacan, which binds to head and neck cancer cells expressing high levels of EGFR, followed by illumination of the tumor with red light (690 nm) for photodynamic therapy. This approach causes immunogenic cell death in malignant tissues, thus triggering a potent anticancer immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Villejuif, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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127
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Immunomodulatory activity of IR700-labelled affibody targeting HER2. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:886. [PMID: 33082328 PMCID: PMC7576828 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03077-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop therapeutic approaches that can increase the response rate to immuno-oncology agents. Photoimmunotherapy has recently been shown to generate anti-tumour immunological responses by releasing tumour-associated antigens from ablated tumour cell residues, thereby enhancing antigenicity and adjuvanticity. Here, we investigate the feasibility of a novel HER2-targeted affibody-based conjugate (ZHER2:2395-IR700) selectively to induce cancer cell death in vitro and in vivo. The studies in vitro confirmed the specificity of ZHER2:2395-IR700 binding to HER2-positive cells and its ability to produce reactive oxygen species upon light irradiation. A conjugate concentration- and light irradiation-dependent decrease in cell viability was also demonstrated. Furthermore, light-activated ZHER2:2395-IR700 triggered all hallmarks of immunogenic cell death, as defined by the translocation of calreticulin to the cell surface, and the secretion of ATP, HSP70/90 and HMGB1 from dying cancer cells into the medium. Irradiating a co-culture of immature dendritic cells (DCs) and cancer cells exposed to light-activated ZHER2:2395-IR700 enhanced DC maturation, as indicated by augmented expression of CD86 and HLA-DR. In SKOV-3 xenografts, the ZHER2:2395-IR700-based phototherapy delayed tumour growth and increased median overall survival. Collectively, our results strongly suggest that ZHER2:2395-IR700 is a promising new therapeutic conjugate that has great potential to be applicable for photoimmunotherapy-based regimens.
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128
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Li L, Yang Z, Chen X. Recent Advances in Stimuli-Responsive Platforms for Cancer Immunotherapy. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:2044-2054. [PMID: 32877161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has attracted significant interest because of its tremendous potential in cancer therapy. The recent advances in the identification of cancer-associated neoantigens, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), have revolutionized the field of cancer immunotherapy. Cancer immunotherapeutic agents typically exhibit strong immune activation or inhibition activity, thereby inducing robust biological effect even when administered at a small dosage. However, in most cases, cancer immunotherapeutic targets are not cancer specific. Some of them are also expressed in nonmalignant normal tissues and the undesired release of the cancer immunotherapeutic agents into these normal tissues may lead to severe side effects. Thus, the on-demand release of the cancer immunotherapeutic agents into the target site is critical to achieving efficient antitumor immune responses while minimizing the side effects.In this Account, we introduce the recent progress of our group and others on the development of stimuli-responsive platforms for cancer immunotherapy. Stimuli-responsive platforms have been constructed for on-demand release of payloads in a temporally and spatially controllable manner. First, we give a brief introduction to the endogenous and exogenous stimuli that are employed to trigger the release of cancer immunotherapeutic agents. The chemical design strategies to construct the specific stimuli-responsive delivery systems are highlighted. Moreover, the recently developed representative stimuli-responsive platforms for the delivery of immune checkpoint inhibitors, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors, stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists, and near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) agents are discussed in detail. Meanwhile, we summarize the general chemical design for constructing stimuli-responsive delivery platforms targeting immune targets at distinct locations. Lastly, the probable issues on the clinical translation of these stimuli-responsive platforms for cancer immunotherapy are outlined. Since we are still on the way of exploring the immune system and optimizing the chemical design of biomaterials, we hope the information in this account can provide some valuable references for the development of optimal cancer immunotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH) Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Zhen Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH) Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine (LOMIN), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB), National Institutes of Health (NIH) Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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Polikarpov DM, Campbell DH, Lund ME, Lu Y, Lu Y, Wu J, Walsh BJ, Zvyagin AV, Gillatt DA. The feasibility of Miltuximab®-IRDye700DX-mediated photoimmunotherapy of solid tumors. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 32:102064. [PMID: 33069874 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.102064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is an emerging method of cancer treatment based on the use of a photosensitizer near-infrared dye IRDye700DX (IR700) conjugated to a monoclonal antibody. The antibody selectively delivers IR700 to cancer cells, which can then be killed after photoexcitation. Glypican-1 (GPC-1) is a novel target expressed specifically in malignant tumors. We aimed to investigate whether anti-GPC-1 antibody Miltuximab® (Glytherix Ltd., Sydney, Australia) can be conjugated with IR700 for PIT of solid tumors. METHODS The dye IR700 was conjugated with Miltuximab® and characterized by spectrophotometry and flow cytometry. Miltuximab®-IR700-mediated PIT was tested in prostate (DU-145), bladder (C3 and T-24), brain (U-87 and U-251) and ovarian (SKOV-3) cancer cell lines. After 1 h incubation with Miltuximab®-IR700, the cells were washed by PBS and illuminated using a 690-nm light-emitting diode. The viability of the cells was assessed by a CCK-8 viability kit 24 h later. RESULTS Miltuximab®-IR700-mediated PIT caused 67.3-92.3% reduction in viability of cells with medium-high GPC-1 expression and did not affect the viability of GPC-1-low cells. Cytotoxicity was attributed to the targeted binding of the conjugate with subsequent photoactivation, as the conjugate or light exposure alone had no effect on the cell viability. Miltuximab®-IR700 did not induce cytotoxicity in cells blocked by unconjugated Miltuximab®. CONCLUSIONS PIT with Miltuximab®-IR700 appears to be highly specific and effective against GPC-1-expressing cancer cells, indicating that it holds promise for an effective and safe treatment of early stage solid tumors or as adjuvant therapy following surgical resection. These findings necessitate further investigation of PIT with Miltuximab®-IR700 in other GPC-1-expressing cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo in xenograft tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry M Polikarpov
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | | | | | - Yanling Lu
- Glytherix Ltd., Sydney, NSW, 2113, Australia
| | - Yiqing Lu
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Jiehua Wu
- Glytherix Ltd., Sydney, NSW, 2113, Australia
| | | | - Andrei V Zvyagin
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia; Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - David A Gillatt
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
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130
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Lum YL, Luk JM, Staunton DE, Ng DKP, Fong WP. Cadherin-17 Targeted Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy for Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancer. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:3941-3951. [PMID: 32931292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In cancer photodynamic therapy (PDT), a photosensitizer taken up by cancer cells can generate reactive oxygen species upon near-infrared light activation to induce cancer cell death. To increase PDT potency and decrease its adverse effect, one approach is to conjugate the photosensitizer with an antibody that specifically targets cancer cells. In the present study, IR700, a hydrophilic phthalocyanine photosensitizer, was conjugated to the humanized monoclonal antibody ARB102, which binds specifically cadherin-17 (CDH17 aka CA17), a cell surface marker highly expressed in gastrointestinal cancer to produce ARB102-IR700. Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) of gastrointestinal cancer cell lines was conducted by ARB102-IR700 treatment and near-infrared light irradiation. The results showed that ARB102-IR700 PIT could induce cell death in CDH17-positive cancer cells with high potency. In a co-culture model, CDH17-negative and CDH17-overexpressing SW480 cells were labeled with distinct fluorescent dyes and cultured together prior to PIT treatment. The results confirmed that ARB102-IR700 PIT could kill CDH17-positive cells specifically, while leaving the adjacent CDH17-negative cells unaffected. An in vivo efficacy study was conducted using a pancreatic adenocarcinoma AsPC-1 xenograft tumor model in nude mice. Fluorescence scanning indicated that ARB102-IR700 accumulated specifically in the tumor sites. To perform PIT, at 24 and 48 h postinjection, mice were irradiated with a 680 nm laser at the tumor site to activate the photosensitizer. It was shown that ARB102-IR700 PIT could inhibit tumor growth significantly. In summary, this study demonstrated that the novel ARB102-IR700 is a promising agent for PIT in gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yick-Liang Lum
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - John M Luk
- Arbele Limited, Shatin N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Ping Fong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
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131
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Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy Combined with CTLA4 Checkpoint Blockade in Syngeneic Mouse Cancer Models. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8030528. [PMID: 32937841 PMCID: PMC7564971 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Near infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed and highly selective cancer treatment that induces necrotic/immunogenic cell death. It employs a monoclonal antibody (mAb) conjugated to a photo-absorber dye, IRDye700DX, which is activated by NIR light. Tumor-targeting NIR-PIT is also at least partly mediated by a profound immune response against the tumor. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4) is widely recognized as a major immune checkpoint protein, which inhibits the immune response against tumors and is therefore, a target for systemic blockade. We investigated the effect of combining tumor-targeted NIR-PIT against the cell-surface antigen, CD44, which is known as a cancer stem cell marker, with a systemic CTLA4 immune checkpoint inhibitor in three syngeneic tumor models (MC38-luc, LL/2, and MOC1). CD44-targeted NIR-PIT combined with CTLA4 blockade showed greater tumor growth inhibition with longer survival compared with CTLA4 blockade alone in all tumor models. NIR-PIT and CTLA4 blockade produced more complete remission in MOC1 tumors (44%) than NIR-PIT and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade (8%), which was reported in our previous paper. However, the combination of NIR-PIT and CTLA4 blockade was less effective in MC38-luc tumors (11%) than the combination of NIR-PIT and PD-1 blockade (70%). Nonetheless, in many cases ineffective results with NIR-PIT and PD-1 blockade were reversed with NIR-PIT and CTLA4 blockade.
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132
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Maruoka Y, Furusawa A, Okada R, Inagaki F, Wakiyama H, Kato T, Nagaya T, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Interleukin-15 after Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) Enhances T Cell Response against Syngeneic Mouse Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092575. [PMID: 32927646 PMCID: PMC7564397 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Near infrared photoimmunotherapy is a newly developed and highly selective cancer treatment that employs a monoclonal antibody conjugated to a photo-absorber dye, IRDye700DX, which is activated by 690 nm light. Cancer cell-targeted near infrared photoimmunotherapy selectively induces rapid necrotic/immunogenic cell death only on target cancer cells and this induces antitumor host immunity including re-priming and proliferation of multi-chronal T-cells that can react with cancer-specific antigens. Interleukin-15 is a type-I cytokine that activates natural killer-, B- and T-cells while having minimal effect on regulatory T-cells that lack the interleukin-15 receptor. Therefore, interleukin-15 administration combined with cancer cell-targeted near infrared photoimmunotherapy could further inhibit tumor growth by increasing antitumor host immunity. In tumor-bearing immunocompetent mice receiving this combination therapy, significant tumor growth inhibition and prolonged survival was demonstrated compared with either single therapy alone, and tumor infiltrating CD8+ T-cells increased in number in combination-treated mice. Interleukin-15 enhances therapeutic effects of cancer-targeted near infrared photoimmunotherapy. Abstract Near infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed and highly selective cancer treatment that employs a monoclonal antibody (mAb) conjugated to a photo-absorber dye, IRDye700DX, which is activated by 690 nm light. Cancer cell-targeted NIR-PIT induces rapid necrotic/immunogenic cell death (ICD) that induces antitumor host immunity including re-priming and proliferation of T cells. Interleukin-15 (IL-15) is a cytokine that activates natural killer (NK)-, B- and T-cells while having minimal effect on regulatory T cells (Tregs) that lack the IL-15 receptor. Here, we hypothesized that IL-15 administration with cancer cell-targeted NIR-PIT could further inhibit tumor growth by increasing antitumor host immunity. Three syngeneic mouse tumor models, MC38-luc, LL/2, and MOC1, underwent combined CD44-targeted NIR-PIT and short-term IL-15 administration with appropriate controls. Comparing with the single-agent therapy, the combination therapy of IL-15 after NIR-PIT inhibited tumor growth, prolonged survival, and increased tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells more efficiently in tumor-bearing mice. IL-15 appears to enhance the therapeutic effect of cancer-targeted NIR-PIT.
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Komatsu T, Kyo E, Ishii H, Tsuchikama K, Yamaguchi A, Ueno T, Hanaoka K, Urano Y. Antibody Clicking as a Strategy to Modify Antibody Functionalities on the Surface of Targeted Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15644-15648. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Komatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Etsu Kyo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Haruki Ishii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kyoji Tsuchikama
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Aiko Yamaguchi
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1881 East Road, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Tasuku Ueno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Hanaoka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), 1-7-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
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Nakajima K, Ogawa M. Phototoxicity in near-infrared photoimmunotherapy is influenced by the subcellular localization of antibody-IR700. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 31:101926. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Fujimura D, Inagaki F, Okada R, Rosenberg A, Furusawa A, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Conjugation Ratio, Light Dose, and pH Affect the Stability of Panitumumab-IR700 for Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:1598-1604. [PMID: 32832029 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT), a newly developed cancer-cell-specific therapy, relies on a monoclonal antibody-photoabsorber conjugate (APC) and is based on a photoinduced ligand release reaction. Local exposure of the tumor to NIR light induces rapid immunogenic necrotic cell death. The molecular properties of APCs, including their stability and aggregation properties, have important implications for the long-term stability and shelf life. In this study, panitumumab was conjugated with IRDye700DX (IR700) as a model for other NIR-PIT agents. Higher IR700-to-mAb conjugation ratios correlated with increased in vitro cell death up to a ratio of 2.5 dye molecules per antibody. Conjugation ratios higher than 2.5 did not improve cell killing activity. APC aggregation was induced in a light-dose-dependent manner. A near-room-level light dose was sufficient to induce aggregation of APCs. Solvent pH lower than 4 induced aggregation, but higher pH did not induce aggregation. The IR700-to-mAb conjugation ratio, light irradiation dose, and solvent pH affect the APC stability and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Fujimura
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Fuyuki Inagaki
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Ryuhei Okada
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Adrian Rosenberg
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Aki Furusawa
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Peter L. Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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van den Brand D, van Lith SAM, de Jong JM, Gorris MAJ, Palacio-Castañeda V, Couwenbergh ST, Goldman MRG, Ebisch I, Massuger LF, Leenders WPJ, Brock R, Verdurmen WPR. EpCAM-Binding DARPins for Targeted Photodynamic Therapy of Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1762. [PMID: 32630661 PMCID: PMC7409335 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy due to late detection associated with dissemination throughout the abdominal cavity. Targeted photodynamic therapy (tPDT) aimed at epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), overexpressed in over 90% of ovarian cancer metastatic lesions, is a promising novel therapeutic modality. Here, we tested the specificity and activity of conjugates of EpCAM-directed designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) with the photosensitizer IRDye 700DX in in vitro and in vivo ovarian cancer models. EpCAM-binding DARPins (Ec1: Kd = 68 pM; Ac2: Kd = 130 nM) and a control DARPin were site-specifically functionalized with fluorophores or IRDye 700DX. Conjugation of anti-EpCAM DARPins with fluorophores maintained EpCAM-specific binding in cell lines and patient-derived ovarian cancer explants. Penetration of DARPin Ec1 into tumor spheroids was slower than that of Ac2, indicative of a binding site barrier effect for Ec1. DARPin-IRDye 700DX conjugates killed EpCAM-expressing cells in a highly specific and illumination-dependent fashion in 2D and 3D cultures. Furthermore, they effectively homed to EpCAM-expressing subcutaneous OV90 xenografts in mice. In conclusion, the high activity and specificity observed in preclinical ovarian cancer models, combined with a high specificity in patient material, warrant a further investigation of EpCAM-targeted PDT for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk van den Brand
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (D.v.d.B.); (J.M.d.J.); (V.P.-C.); (S.T.C.); (M.R.G.G.); (W.P.J.L.); (R.B.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Sanne A. M. van Lith
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Jelske M. de Jong
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (D.v.d.B.); (J.M.d.J.); (V.P.-C.); (S.T.C.); (M.R.G.G.); (W.P.J.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Mark A. J. Gorris
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Valentina Palacio-Castañeda
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (D.v.d.B.); (J.M.d.J.); (V.P.-C.); (S.T.C.); (M.R.G.G.); (W.P.J.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Stijn T. Couwenbergh
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (D.v.d.B.); (J.M.d.J.); (V.P.-C.); (S.T.C.); (M.R.G.G.); (W.P.J.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Mark R. G. Goldman
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (D.v.d.B.); (J.M.d.J.); (V.P.-C.); (S.T.C.); (M.R.G.G.); (W.P.J.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Inge Ebisch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Weg door Jonkerbos 100, 6532 SZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Leon F. Massuger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - William P. J. Leenders
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (D.v.d.B.); (J.M.d.J.); (V.P.-C.); (S.T.C.); (M.R.G.G.); (W.P.J.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Roland Brock
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (D.v.d.B.); (J.M.d.J.); (V.P.-C.); (S.T.C.); (M.R.G.G.); (W.P.J.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Wouter P. R. Verdurmen
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (D.v.d.B.); (J.M.d.J.); (V.P.-C.); (S.T.C.); (M.R.G.G.); (W.P.J.L.); (R.B.)
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137
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Xu X, Lu H, Lee R. Near Infrared Light Triggered Photo/Immuno-Therapy Toward Cancers. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:488. [PMID: 32528941 PMCID: PMC7264102 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials-based phototherapies, mainly including photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photoimmunotherapy (PIT), present high efficacy, minimal invasion and negligible adverse effects in cancer treatment. The integrated phototherapeutic modalities can enhance the efficiency of cancer immunotherapy for clinical application transformation. The near-infrared (NIR) light source enables phototherapies with the high penetration depth in the biological tissues, less toxic to normal cells and tissues and a low dose of light irradiation. Mediated via the novel NIR-responsive nanomaterials, PTT and PDT are able to provoke cancer cells apoptosis from the generated heat and reactive oxygen species, respectively. The released cancer-specific antigens and membrane damage danger signals from the damaged cancer cells trigger immune responses, which would enhance the antitumor efficacy via a variety of immunotherapy. This review summarized the recent advances in NIR-triggered photo-/immune-therapeutic modalities and their synergistic mechanisms and applications toward cancers. Furthermore, the challenges, potential solutions and future directions of NIR-triggered photo-/immunotherapy were briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Xu
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hongxu Lu
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ruda Lee
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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138
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Wei D, Tao Z, Shi Q, Wang L, Liu L, She T, Yi Q, Wen X, Liu L, Li S, Yang H, Jiang X. Selective Photokilling of Colorectal Tumors by Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy with a GPA33-Targeted Single-Chain Antibody Variable Fragment Conjugate. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:2508-2517. [PMID: 32396000 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-based near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is an attractive strategy for cancer treatment. Tumor cells can be selectively and efficiently killed by the targeted delivery of an antibody-photoabsorber complex followed by exposure to NIR light. Glycoprotein A33 antigen (GPA33) is highly expressed in most human colorectal cancers (CRCs) and is an ideal diagnostic and therapeutic target. We previously produced a single-chain fragment of a variable antibody against GPA33 (A33scFv antibody). Here, we investigate the efficacy of NIR-PIT by combining A33scFv with the NIR photoabsorber IR700 (A33scFv-IR700). In vitro, recombinant A33scFv displayed specific binding and delivery of an NIR dye to GPA33-positive tumor cells. Furthermore, A33scFv-IR700-mediated NIR-PIT was successful in rapidly and specifically killing GPA33-positive colorectal tumor cells. NIR-PIT treatment induced the release of lactate dehydrogenase from tumor cells, followed by cell necrosis, rather than apoptosis, through the promotion of reactive oxygen species accumulation in tumor cells. In mice bearing LS174T tumor grafts, A33scFv selectively accumulated in GPA33-positive tumors. Following only a single injection of the conjugate and subsequent illumination, A33scFv-IR700-mediated NIR-PIT induced a significant increase in therapeutic response in LS174T-tumor mice compared with that in the non-NIR-PIT groups (p < 0.001). Because the GPA33 antigen is specifically expressed in CRC tumors, A33scFv-IR700 might be a promising antibody fragment-photoabsorber conjugate for NIR-PIT of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Wei
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.,Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Affiliated Chengdu Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu 610031, China.,Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ze Tao
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiuxiao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Affiliated Chengdu Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Affiliated Chengdu Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Tianshan She
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qin Yi
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiang Wen
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shengfu Li
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medical Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Kobayashi M, Harada M, Takakura H, Ando K, Goto Y, Tsuneda T, Ogawa M, Taketsugu T. Theoretical and Experimental Studies on the Near‐Infrared Photoreaction Mechanism of a Silicon Phthalocyanine Photoimmunotherapy Dye: Photoinduced Hydrolysis by Radical Anion Generation. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1959-1963. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Kobayashi
- Faculty of Science Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
- WPI-ICReDD Hokkaido University Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Mei Harada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0812 Japan
| | - Hideo Takakura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0812 Japan
| | - Kanta Ando
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0812 Japan
| | - Yuto Goto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0812 Japan
| | - Takao Tsuneda
- Faculty of Science Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
- Graduate School of Science Technology, and Innovation Kobe University Kobe 657-8501 Japan
| | - Mikako Ogawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0812 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Taketsugu
- Faculty of Science Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
- WPI-ICReDD Hokkaido University Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
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140
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Targeted Phototherapy for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy Targeting Podoplanin. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041019. [PMID: 32326079 PMCID: PMC7225918 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) has extremely limited treatment despite a poor prognosis. Moreover, molecular targeted therapy for MPM has not yet been implemented; thus, a new targeted therapy is highly desirable. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a recently developed cancer therapy that combines the specificity of antibodies for targeting tumors with toxicity induced by the photoabsorber after exposure to NIR-light. In this study, we developed a new phototherapy targeting podoplanin (PDPN) for MPM with the use of both NIR-PIT and an anti-PDPN antibody, NZ-1. An antibody–photosensitizer conjugate consisting of NZ-1 and phthalocyanine dye was synthesized. In vitro NIR-PIT-induced cytotoxicity was measured with both dead cell staining and luciferase activity on various MPM cell lines. In vivo NIR-PIT was examined in both the flank tumor and orthotopic mouse model with in vivo real-time imaging. In vitro NIR-PIT-induced cytotoxicity was NIR-light dose dependent. In vivo NIR-PIT led to significant reduction in both tumor volume and luciferase activity in a flank model (p < 0.05, NIR-PIT group versus NZ-1-IR700 group). The PDPN-targeted NIR-PIT resulted in a significant antitumor effect in an MPM orthotopic mouse model (p < 0.05, NIR-PIT group versus NZ-1-IR700 group). This study suggests that PDPN-targeted NIR-PIT could be a new promising treatment for MPM.
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141
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Sorrin AJ, Ruhi MK, Ferlic NA, Karimnia V, Polacheck WJ, Celli JP, Huang HC, Rizvi I. Photodynamic Therapy and the Biophysics of the Tumor Microenvironment. Photochem Photobiol 2020; 96:232-259. [PMID: 31895481 PMCID: PMC7138751 DOI: 10.1111/php.13209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Targeting the tumor microenvironment (TME) provides opportunities to modulate tumor physiology, enhance the delivery of therapeutic agents, impact immune response and overcome resistance. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photochemistry-based, nonthermal modality that produces reactive molecular species at the site of light activation and is in the clinic for nononcologic and oncologic applications. The unique mechanisms and exquisite spatiotemporal control inherent to PDT enable selective modulation or destruction of the TME and cancer cells. Mechanical stress plays an important role in tumor growth and survival, with increasing implications for therapy design and drug delivery, but remains understudied in the context of PDT and PDT-based combinations. This review describes pharmacoengineering and bioengineering approaches in PDT to target cellular and noncellular components of the TME, as well as molecular targets on tumor and tumor-associated cells. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of mechanical stress in the context of targeted PDT regimens, and combinations, for primary and metastatic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. Sorrin
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Mustafa Kemal Ruhi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Nathaniel A. Ferlic
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Vida Karimnia
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Mathematics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - William J. Polacheck
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jonathan P. Celli
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Mathematics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Huang-Chiao Huang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Imran Rizvi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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142
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Isobe Y, Sato K, Nishinaga Y, Takahashi K, Taki S, Yasui H, Shimizu M, Endo R, Koike C, Kuramoto N, Yukawa H, Nakamura S, Fukui T, Kawaguchi K, Chen-Yoshikawa TF, Baba Y, Hasegawa Y. Near infrared photoimmunotherapy targeting DLL3 for small cell lung cancer. EBioMedicine 2020; 52:102632. [PMID: 31981983 PMCID: PMC6992936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has a poor prognosis, and its treatment options are limited. Delta-like protein 3 (DLL3) is expressed specifically in SCLC and is considered a promising therapeutic target for patients with this disease. Rovalpituzumab tesirine (Rova-T) was the first antibody-drug conjugate targeting DLL3. Although Rova-T development was unfortunately terminated, DLL3 remains an ideal target for SCLC. Near infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a new form of cancer treatment that employs an antibody-photosensitiser conjugate followed by NIR light exposure and damage target cells specifically. In this study, we demonstrate DLL3-targeted NIR-PIT to develop a novel molecularly targeted treatment for SCLC. METHODS The anti-DLL3 monoclonal antibody rovalpituzumab was conjugated to an IR700 photosensitiser (termed 'rova-IR700'). SCLC cells overexpressing DLL3 as well as non-DLL3-expressing controls were incubated with rova-IR700 and then exposed to NIR-light. Next, mice with SCLC xenografts were injected with rova-IR700 and irradiated with NIR-light. FINDINGS DLL3-overexpressing cells underwent immediate destruction upon NIR-light exposure, whereas the control cells remained intact. The xenograft in mice treated with rova-IR700 and NIR-light shrank markedly, whereas neither rova-IR700 injection nor NIR-light irradiation alone affected tumour size. INTERPRETATION Our data suggest that targeting of DLL3 using NIR-PIT could be a novel and promising treatment for SCLC. FUNDING Research supported by grants from the Program for Developing Next-generation Researchers (Japan Science and Technology Agency), KAKEN (18K15923, JSPS), Medical Research Encouragement Prize of The Japan Medical Association, The Nitto Foundation, Kanae Foundation for the Promotion of Medical Science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Isobe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; S-YLC, Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Japan; B3-Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Japan.
| | - Yuko Nishinaga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuomi Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shunichi Taki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Yasui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan
| | - Misae Shimizu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; B3-Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Japan
| | - Rena Endo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; B3-Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Japan
| | - Chiaki Koike
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan; B3-Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Japan
| | - Noriko Kuramoto
- B3-Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yukawa
- B3-Unit, Advanced Analytical and Diagnostic Imaging Center (AADIC)/Medical Engineering Unit (MEU), Nagoya University Institute for Advanced Research, Japan; Nagoya University Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Japan; Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Nagoya University Graduate School of Engineering, Japan
| | - Shota Nakamura
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fukui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Koji Kawaguchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | | | - Yoshinobu Baba
- Nagoya University Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Japan; Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Nagoya University Graduate School of Engineering, Japan
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143
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Maruoka Y, Furusawa A, Okada R, Inagaki F, Fujimura D, Wakiyama H, Kato T, Nagaya T, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Combined CD44- and CD25-Targeted Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy Selectively Kills Cancer and Regulatory T Cells in Syngeneic Mouse Cancer Models. Cancer Immunol Res 2020; 8:345-355. [PMID: 31953245 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a newly developed and selective cancer treatment that induces necrotic and immunogenic cell death and utilizes a mAb conjugated to a photo-absorber dye, IR700DX, activated by NIR light. Although CD44 is a surface cancer marker associated with drug resistance, anti-CD44-IR700 NIR-PIT results in inhibited cell growth and prolonged survival in multiple tumor types. Meanwhile, CD25-targeted NIR-PIT has been reported to achieve selective and local depletion of FOXP3+CD25+CD4+ regulatory T cells (Treg), which are primary immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), resulting in activation of local antitumor immunity. Combined NIR-PIT with CD44- and CD25-targeted agents has the potential to directly eliminate tumor cells and also amplify the immune response by removing FOXP3+CD25+CD4+ Tregs from the TME. We investigated the difference in therapeutic effects of CD44-targeted NIR-PIT alone, CD25-targeted NIR-PIT alone, and the combination of CD44- and CD25-targeted NIR-PIT in several syngeneic tumor models, including MC38-luc, LL/2, and MOC1. The combined NIR-PIT showed significant tumor growth inhibition and prolonged survival compared with CD44-targeted NIR-PIT alone in all tumor models and showed prolonged survival compared with CD25-targeted NIR-PIT alone in MC38-luc and LL/2 tumors. Combined CD44- and CD25-targeted NIR-PIT also resulted in some complete remissions. Therefore, combined NIR-PIT simultaneously targeting cancer antigens and immunosuppressive cells in the TME may be more effective than either type of NIR-PIT alone and may have potential to induce prolonged immune responses in treated tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Maruoka
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Aki Furusawa
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ryuhei Okada
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Fuyuki Inagaki
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Daiki Fujimura
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hiroaki Wakiyama
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Takuya Kato
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tadanobu Nagaya
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Peter L Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
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144
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Kobayashi H, Griffiths GL, Choyke PL. Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy: Photoactivatable Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs). Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:28-36. [PMID: 31479610 PMCID: PMC7414968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cancer treatment has been founded traditionally on the three approaches of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy with the latter recognized as the obvious systemic treatment approach applicable to disease that has spread. Although significant progress has been made over nearly 100 years of developing systemic treatments, it remains clear that use of the toxic agents involved is a two-edged sword with normal organ toxicities always needing to be balanced with and against administration of relevant therapeutic doses. With the advent of monoclonal antibodies targeted against tumor-associated antigens that could be used as carriers of potently toxic chemotherapy drugs, it was thought that such antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) could engender the answer to the toxicity/therapeutic equation by shifting the equation more toward beneficial therapeutic efficacy. However, over 40 or so years, antibody-drug conjugates have not significantly affected the toxicity/therapy balance paradigm in most cancer indications, especially in solid tumors. Ideally, a further step may be required in that a non-tumor-targeted antibody-drug conjugate should be essentially nontoxic in its native administered form, with toxic effects unleashed only at the site of targeted tumors. A new approach that employs this principle is the use of an antibody-drug conjugate that is essentially nontoxic to normal tissues by virtue of requiring an extra step of light activation to become potent. We describe the preclinical data and first clinical results gained over the past few years by use of antibody-drug conjugates wherein the drug comprises a near-infrared photoactivatable dye delivered to tumors by a monoclonal antibody and is subsequently activated to a toxic entity solely at sites of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute MSC 1002, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1002
| | - Gary L. Griffiths
- Clinical Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702-1201
| | - Peter L. Choyke
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute MSC 1002, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1002
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145
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Lo PC, Rodríguez-Morgade MS, Pandey RK, Ng DKP, Torres T, Dumoulin F. The unique features and promises of phthalocyanines as advanced photosensitisers for photodynamic therapy of cancer. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 49:1041-1056. [PMID: 31845688 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00129h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 369] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Phthalocyanines exhibit superior photoproperties that make them a surely attractive class of photosensitisers for photodynamic therapy of cancer. Several derivatives are at various phases of clinical trials, and efforts have been put continuously to improve their photodynamic efficacy. To this end, various strategies have been applied to develop advanced phthalocyanines with optimised photoproperties, dual therapeutic actions, tumour-targeting properties and/or specific activation at tumour sites. The advantageous properties and potential of phthalocyanines as advanced photosensitisers for photodynamic therapy of cancer are highlighted in this tutorial review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui-Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Elekonawo FMK, Bos DL, Goldenberg DM, Boerman OC, Rijpkema M. Carcinoembryonic antigen-targeted photodynamic therapy in colorectal cancer models. EJNMMI Res 2019; 9:108. [PMID: 31828541 PMCID: PMC6906275 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-019-0580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In colorectal cancer, survival of patients is drastically reduced when complete resection is hampered by involvement of critical structures. Targeted photodynamic therapy (tPDT) is a local and targeted therapy which could play a role in eradicating residual tumor cells after incomplete resection. Since carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA; CEACAM5) is abundantly overexpressed in colorectal cancer, it is a potential target for tPDT of colorectal cancer. METHODS To address the potential of CEA-targeted PDT, we compared colorectal cancer cell lines with different CEA-expression levels (SW-48, SW-480, SW-620, SW-1222, WiDr, HT-29, DLD-1, LS174T, and LoVo) under identical experimental conditions. We evaluated the susceptibility to tPDT by varying radiant exposure and concentration of our antibody conjugate (DTPA-hMN-14-IRDye700DX). Finally, we assessed the efficacy of tPDT in vivo in 18 mice (BALB/cAnNRj-Foxn1nu/nu) with subcutaneously xenografted LoVo tumors. RESULTS In vitro, the treatment effect of tPDT varied per cell line and was dependent on both radiant exposure and antibody concentration. Under standardized conditions (94.5 J/cm2 and 0.5 μg/μL antibody conjugate concentration), the effect of tPDT was higher in cells with higher CEA availability: SW-1222, LS174T, LoVo, and SW-48 (22.8%, 52.8%, 49.9%, and 51.9% reduction of viable cells, respectively) compared to cells with lower CEA availability. Compared to control groups (light or antibody conjugate only), tumor growth rate was reduced in mice with s.c. LoVo tumors receiving tPDT. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest cells (and tumors) have different levels of susceptibility for tPDT even though they all express CEA. Furthermore, tPDT can effectively reduce tumor growth in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fortuné M K Elekonawo
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Desirée L Bos
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - David M Goldenberg
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Immunology, Mendham, NJ, USA
- Immunomedics, Inc. and IBC Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Morris Plains, NJ, USA
| | - Otto C Boerman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Rijpkema
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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147
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Shirasu N, Shibaguchi H, Yamada H, Kuroki M, Yasunaga S. Highly versatile cancer photoimmunotherapy using photosensitizer-conjugated avidin and biotin-conjugated targeting antibodies. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:299. [PMID: 31787847 PMCID: PMC6858743 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-1034-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) employing antibody-photosensitizer conjugates is a promising treatment for cancer. However, the fixed antigen specificity severely limits the efficacy and the applicability. Here we describe a universal strategy for PIT of cancer by using a near-infrared (NIR) photosensitizer IRDye700DX-conjugated NeutrAvidin, designated as AvIR, together with various biotinylated antibodies (BioAbs) for cellular targeting. Methods Cytotoxicity of AvIR-mediated PIT was evaluated by fluorescence imaging and cell viability assay. Phototoxic effect on tumorigenicity was assessed by tumorsphere-formation assay and Matrigel invasion assay. Cancer stem cell-like side-population (SP) cells were identified by flow cytometry. Results CHO cells stably expressing carcinoembryonic antigen or EpCAM were pre-labeled with each BioAb for the corresponding antigen, followed by AvIR administration. NIR light irradiation specifically killed the targeted cells, but not off-targets, demonstrating that the AvIR-mediated PIT does work as expected. CSC-like subpopulation of MCF-7 cells (CD24low/CD44high) and SP of HuH-7 cells (CD133+/EpCAM+) were effectively targeted and photokilled by AvIR-PIT with anti-CD44 BioAb or anti-CD133/anti-EpCAM BioAbs, respectively. As results, the neoplastic features of the cell lines were sufficiently suppressed. Cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-targeted AvIR-PIT by using anti-fibroblast activation protein BioAb showed an abolishment of CAF-enhanced clonogenicity of MCF-7 cells. Conclusions Collectively, our results demonstrate that AvIR-mediated PIT can greatly broaden the applicable range of target specificity, with feasibility of efficacious and integrative control of CSC and its microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Shirasu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Hirotomo Shibaguchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Hiromi Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Masahide Kuroki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Shin'ichiro Yasunaga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
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148
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Nath S, Saad MA, Pigula M, Swain JW, Hasan T. Photoimmunotherapy of Ovarian Cancer: A Unique Niche in the Management of Advanced Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1887. [PMID: 31783651 PMCID: PMC6966499 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OvCa) is the leading cause of gynecological cancer-related deaths in the United States, with five-year survival rates of 15-20% for stage III cancers and 5% for stage IV cancers. The standard of care for advanced OvCa involves surgical debulking of disseminated disease in the peritoneum followed by chemotherapy. Despite advances in treatment efficacy, the prognosis for advanced stage OvCa patients remains poor and the emergence of chemoresistant disease localized to the peritoneum is the primary cause of death. Therefore, a complementary modality that is agnostic to typical chemo- and radio-resistance mechanisms is urgently needed. Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a photochemistry-based process, is an ideal complement to standard treatments for residual disease. The confinement of the disease in the peritoneal cavity makes it amenable for regionally localized treatment with PDT. PDT involves photochemical generation of cytotoxic reactive molecular species (RMS) by non-toxic photosensitizers (PSs) following exposure to non-harmful visible light, leading to localized cell death. However, due to the complex topology of sensitive organs in the peritoneum, diffuse intra-abdominal PDT induces dose-limiting toxicities due to non-selective accumulation of PSs in both healthy and diseased tissue. In an effort to achieve selective damage to tumorous nodules, targeted PS formulations have shown promise to make PDT a feasible treatment modality in this setting. This targeted strategy involves chemical conjugation of PSs to antibodies, referred to as photoimmunoconjugates (PICs), to target OvCa specific molecular markers leading to enhanced therapeutic outcomes while reducing off-target toxicity. In light of promising results of pilot clinical studies and recent preclinical advances, this review provides the rationale and methodologies for PIC-based PDT, or photo-immunotherapy (PIT), in the context of OvCa management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (S.N.); (M.A.S.); (M.P.)
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149
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Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy Using a Small Protein Mimetic for HER2-Overexpressing Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20235835. [PMID: 31757056 PMCID: PMC6928895 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20235835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a new and promising cancer therapy based on a monoclonal antibody conjugated to a photosensitizer which is activated by near-infrared light irradiation, causing cell death. We investigated NIR-PIT using a small protein mimetic (6-7 kDa), Affibody molecules, instead of a monoclonal antibody for HER2-overexpressing cancer. Because of its small size, the Affibody has rapid clearance, high imaging contrast, and good tumor penetration. Due to the small size of the Affibodies, which can cross the blood-brain barrier, NIR-PIT using Affibodies has the potential to extend the target cancer of NIR-PIT, including brain metastases. In vitro, NIR-PIT using HER2 Affibody-IR700Dye conjugates induced the selective destruction of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells without damage to control cells having low level expression of HER2. HER2-overexpressing cancer cells showed necrotic cell death and their viability maintained at low levels, even 5 days after NIR-PIT. In contrast, treatment with high concentration of HER2 Affibody-IR700Dye conjugate alone or irradiation with high dose of NIR light alone was without effect on cell viability. Affibody and IR700Dye are currently used clinically, and therefore, we would expect the current formulation to be safely and quickly transitioned into clinical trials.
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150
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Nishimura T, Mitsunaga M, Sawada R, Saruta M, Kobayashi H, Matsumoto N, Kanke T, Yanai H, Nakamura K. Photoimmunotherapy targeting biliary-pancreatic cancer with humanized anti-TROP2 antibody. Cancer Med 2019; 8:7781-7792. [PMID: 31674732 PMCID: PMC6912056 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is a new type of tumor‐specific treatment utilizing monoclonal antibody (mAb)‐photosensitizer conjugates and near‐infrared (NIR) light irradiation. One potential PIT target, the type I transmembrane protein TROP2, is expressed at high levels in many cancers, including pancreatic carcinoma (PC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC), in which its expression is correlated with poor prognosis and tumor aggressiveness. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of PIT utilizing newly developed humanized anti‐TROP2 mAb conjugated to the photosensitizer IR700 (TROP2‐IR700) for PC and CC. Immunohistochemistry on PC and CC tissue microarrays confirmed that TROP2 is overexpressed in about half of PC and CC specimens. Using cultured PC and CC cells, TROP2‐IR700 localized TROP2‐specific and target‐specific cell killing was observed after NIR light irradiation. In addition, TROP2‐IR700 was localized to mouse xenograft tumors expressing TROP2 after intravenous injection. PC and CC xenograft tumor growth was significantly inhibited by TROP2‐targeted PIT relative to controls. The efficacy of TROP2‐targeted PIT in vitro and against xenografted tumors in vivo suggests promise as a therapy for human PC and CC, both of which currently have dismal prognoses and limited therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nishimura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Mitsunaga
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Sawada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Saruta
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Toru Kanke
- Drug Discovery Laboratories, Chiome Bioscience, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yanai
- Drug Discovery Laboratories, Chiome Bioscience, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Koji Nakamura
- Drug Discovery Laboratories, Chiome Bioscience, Kawasaki, Japan
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