1
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Xue EY, Yang C, Zhou Y, Ng DKP. A Bioorthogonal Antidote Against the Photosensitivity after Photodynamic Therapy. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2306207. [PMID: 38161212 PMCID: PMC10953549 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
As an effective and non-invasive treatment modality for cancer, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted considerable interest. With the recent advances in the photosensitizing agents, the fiber-optic systems, and other aspects, its application is extended to a wide range of superficial and localized cancers. However, for the few clinically used photosensitizers, most of them suffer from the drawback of causing prolonged photosensitivity after the treatment. As a result, post-PDT management is also a crucial issue. Herein, a facile bioorthogonal approach is reported that can effectively suppress this common side effect of PDT in nude mice. It involves the use of an antidote that contains a black-hole quencher BHQ-3 conjugated with a bicyclo[6.1.0]non-4-yne (BCN) moiety and a tetrazine-substituted boron dipyrromethene-based photosensitizer. By using tumor-bearing nude mice as an animal model, it is demonstrated that after PDT with this photosensitizer, the administration of the antidote can effectively quench the photodynamic activity of the residual photosensitizer by bringing the BHQ-3 quencher close to the photosensitizing unit through a rapid click reaction. It results in substantial reduction in skin damage upon light irradiation. The overall results demonstrate that this simple and facile strategy can provide an effective means for minimizing the photosensitivity after PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Y. Xue
- Department of ChemistryThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatin, N.T.Hong KongChina
| | - Caixia Yang
- Department of ChemistryThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatin, N.T.Hong KongChina
| | - Yimin Zhou
- Department of ChemistryThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatin, N.T.Hong KongChina
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of ChemistryThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatin, N.T.Hong KongChina
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2
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Chu JH, Xiong J, Wong CTT, Wang S, Tam DY, García-Fernández A, Martínez-Máñez R, Ng DKP. Detection and Elimination of Senescent Cells with a Self-Assembled Senescence-Associated β-Galactosidase-Activatable Nanophotosensitizer. J Med Chem 2024; 67:234-244. [PMID: 38113190 PMCID: PMC10788907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Senescent cells have become an important therapeutic target for many age-related dysfunctions and diseases. We report herein a novel nanophotosensitizing system that is responsive to the senescence-associated β-galactosidase (β-gal) for selective detection and elimination of these cells. It involves a dimeric zinc(II) phthalocyanine linked to a β-galactose unit via a self-immolative linker. This compound can self-assemble in aqueous media, forming stable nanoscale particles in which the phthalocyanine units are stacked and self-quenched for fluorescence emission and singlet oxygen production. Upon internalization into senescent HeLa cells, these nanoparticles interact with the overproduced senescence-associated β-gal inside the cells to trigger the disassembly process through enzymatic cleavage of the glycosidic bonds, followed by self-immolation to release the photoactive monomeric phthalocyanine units. These senescent cells can then be lit up with fluorescence and eliminated through the photodynamic action upon light irradiation with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 0.06 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky
C. H. Chu
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Junlong Xiong
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
- Department
of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Luohu Hospital
of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518001, China
| | - Clarence T. T. Wong
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
- Department
of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Dick Yan Tam
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Alba García-Fernández
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento, Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat
Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Valencia46022, Spain
- CIBER
de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Unidad Mixta
UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina,
Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia46012, Spain
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto
Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento, Molecular
y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat
Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Valencia46022, Spain
- CIBER
de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
- Unidad Mixta
UPV-CIPF de Investigación en Mecanismos de Enfermedades y Nanomedicina,
Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia46012, Spain
- Unidad
Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Instituto
de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IIS La Fe), Universitat Politècnica e València, Valencia 46026, Spain
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
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3
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Tam LKB, Lo PC, Cheung PCK, Ng DKP. A Tetrazine-Caged Carbon-Dipyrromethene as a Bioorthogonally Activatable Fluorescent Probe. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300562. [PMID: 37489571 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble 1,2,4,5-tetrazine-substituted carbon-dipyrromethene (C-DIPY) was synthesized from the previously reported carbonyl pyrrole dimer through a two-step procedure. Owing to the presence of a tetrazine moiety, the fluorescence emission of this compound was largely quenched in phosphate-buffered saline at pH 7.4. Upon addition of a bicyclo[6.1.0]non-4-yne (BCN) derivative, the tetrazine-based quenching component of the compound was disrupted through the inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction to restore the fluorescence in up to 6.6-fold. This bioorthogonal activation was also demonstrated using U-87 MG human glioblastoma cells, in which the fluorescence intensity of this C-DIPY could be enhanced by 8.7-fold upon post-incubation with the BCN derivative. The results showed that this tetrazine-caged C-DIPY can serve as a bioorthogonally activatable fluorescent probe for bioimaging. The compound, however, was found to reside preferentially in the lysosomes instead of the mitochondria of the cells as predicted based on its cationic character, which could be attributed to its energy-dependent endocytic cellular uptake pathway, for which lysosomes are the end station.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo K B Tam
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Pui-Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peter Chi Keung Cheung
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China
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4
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Liu S, Ma J, Xue EY, Wang S, Zheng Y, Ng DKP, Wang A, Zheng N. Polymeric Phthalocyanine-Based Nanosensitizers for Enhanced Photodynamic and Sonodynamic Therapies. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300481. [PMID: 37019442 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy and sonodynamic therapy are two highly promising modalities for cancer treatment. The latter holds an additional advantage in deep-tumor therapy owing to the deep penetration of the ultrasonic radiation. The therapeutic efficacy depends highly on the photo/ultrasound-responsive properties of the sensitizers as well as their tumor-localization property and pharmacokinetics. A novel nanosensitizer system based on a polymeric phthalocyanine (pPC-TK) is reported herein in which the phthalocyanine units are connected with cleavable thioketal linkers. Such polymer could self-assemble in water forming nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter of 48 nm. The degradable and flexible thioketal linkers could effectively inhibit the π-π stacking of the phthalocyanine units, rendering the resulting nanoparticles an efficient generator of reactive oxygen species upon light or ultrasonic irradiation. The nanosensitizer could be internalized into cancer cells readily, inducing cell death by efficient photodynamic and sonodynamic effects. The potency is significantly higher than that of the monomeric phthalocyanine (PC-4COOH). The nanosensitizer could also effectively inhibit the growth of tumor in liver tumor-bearing mice by these two therapies without causing noticeable side effects. More importantly, it could also retard the growth of a deep-located orthotopic liver tumor in vivo by sonodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxin Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jinjuan Ma
- Department of Comparative Medicine Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, China
| | - Evelyn Y Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin N.T., Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Shaolei Wang
- Department of Radiology Intervention, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, 110801, China
| | - Yubin Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- Dalian University of Technology Corporation of Changshu Research Institution, Suzhou, 215500, China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin N.T., Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Aiguo Wang
- Department of Comparative Medicine Laboratory Animal Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116000, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- Dalian University of Technology Corporation of Changshu Research Institution, Suzhou, 215500, China
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5
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Xue EY, Kang F, Zhou Y, Ng DKP. Design and synthesis of a NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1-activatable photosensitiser for controlled photodynamic therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37212063 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00683b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The utilisation of enzymes as stimuli can activate theranostic agents in a highly specific manner. We report herein a far-red-absorbing boron dipyrromethene-based photosensitiser that is responsive towards the cancer-associated human NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1, enabling the controlled restoration of photodynamic activity for selective elimination of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Y Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Fangyuan Kang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yimin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
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6
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Lo PC, Ng DKP, Pandey RK, Zimcik P. Photodynamic Therapy: An Innovative and Versatile Treatment Modality Triggered by Light. Chempluschem 2023:e202300159. [PMID: 37042437 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Guest Editors Pui-Chi Lo, Dennis Ng, Ravindra Pandey, and Petr Zimcik introduce the Special Collection on Photodynamic Therapy and give an overview of the developments and challenges in this exciting field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui-Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Tung Biochemical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Ravindra K Pandey
- Photodynamic Therapy Center, Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center Buffalo, New York, 14263, USA
| | - Petr Zimcik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Ak. Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Kralove, 50005, Czech Republic
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7
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Chen XF, Gobeze HB, D'Souza F, Ng DKP. Assembling Artificial Photosynthetic Models in Water Using β-Cyclodextrin-Conjugated Phthalocyanines as Building Blocks. Chemistry 2023:e202300709. [PMID: 36988198 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Two water-soluble zinc(II) phthalocyanines substituted with two or four permethylated β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) moieties at the α positions have been utilized as building blocks for the construction of artificial photosynthetic models in water. The hydrophilic and bulky β-CD moieties not only can increase the water solubility of the phthalocyanine core and prevent its stacking in water but can also bind with a tetrasulfonated zinc(II) porphyrin (ZnTPPS) and/or sodium 2-anthraquinonesulfonate (AQ) in water through host-guest interactions. The binding interactions of these species have been studied spectroscopically, while the photoinduced processes of the resulting complexes have been investigated using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic methods. In the ternary complexes, the ZnTPPS units serve as light-harvesting antennas to capture the light energy and transfer it to the phthalocyanine core via efficient excitation energy transfer. The excited phthalocyanine is subsequently quenched by the electron-deficient AQ units through electron transfer. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy provides clear evidence for the singlet-singlet energy transferfrom the photo-excited ZnTPPS to the phthalocyanine core with a rate constant (kENT) in the order of 109 s-1. Thepopulation of phthalocyanine radical cations indicates the occurrence of electron transfer from the excited phthalocyanine to the AQ moieties, forming a charge-separated state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Chen
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Chemistry, CHINA
| | | | | | - Dennis K P Ng
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Chemistry, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, Hong Kong, CHINA
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8
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Tam LKB, Chu JCH, He L, Yang C, Han KC, Cheung PCK, Ng DKP, Lo PC. Enzyme-Responsive Double-Locked Photodynamic Molecular Beacon for Targeted Photodynamic Anticancer Therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:7361-7375. [PMID: 36961946 PMCID: PMC10080691 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
An advanced photodynamic molecular beacon (PMB) was designed and synthesized, in which a distyryl boron dipyrromethene (DSBDP)-based photosensitizer and a Black Hole Quencher 3 moiety were connected via two peptide segments containing the sequences PLGVR and GFLG, respectively, of a cyclic peptide. These two short peptide sequences are well-known substrates of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and cathepsin B, respectively, both of which are overexpressed in a wide range of cancer cells either extracellularly (for MMP-2) or intracellularly (for cathepsin B). Owing to the efficient Förster resonance energy transfer between the two components, this PMB was fully quenched in the native form. Only upon interaction with both MMP-2 and cathepsin B, either in a buffer solution or in cancer cells, both of the segments were cleaved specifically, and the two components could be completely separated, thereby restoring the photodynamic activities of the DSBDP moiety. This PMB could also be activated in tumors, and it effectively suppressed the tumor growth in A549 tumor-bearing nude mice upon laser irradiation without causing notable side effects. In particular, it did not cause skin photosensitivity, which is a very common side effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using conventional "always-on" photosensitizers. The overall results showed that this "double-locked" PMB functioned as a biological AND logic gate that could only be unlocked by the coexistence of two tumor-associated enzymes, which could greatly enhance the tumor specificity in PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo K B Tam
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Jacky C H Chu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Caixia Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Kam-Chu Han
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Chai Wan, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peter Chi Keung Cheung
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Pui-Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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9
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Xiong J, Cheung YK, Fong WP, Wong CTT, Ng DKP. Selective photodynamic eradication of senescent cells with a β-galactosidase-activated photosensitiser. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3471-3474. [PMID: 36877479 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06661k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
A β-galactosidase-responsive photosensitiser has been designed and synthesised. It contains a galactosyl substrate, a boron dipyrromethene-based photosensitising unit and a black hole quencher 2 connected via an AB2-type self-immolative linker. This novel photosensitiser can be selectively activated by the senescence-associated β-galactosidase in senescent cells, leading to restoration in fluorescence emission and effective killing of the cells via photodynamic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ying-Kit Cheung
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Ping Fong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Clarence T T Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
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Durán-Sampedro G, Xue EY, Moreno-Simoni M, Paramio C, Torres T, Ng DKP, de la Torre G. Glycosylated BODIPY- Incorporated Pt(II) Metallacycles for Targeted and Synergistic Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3448-3459. [PMID: 36802644 PMCID: PMC10009748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Pt(II)-BODIPY complexes combine the chemotherapeutic activity of Pt(II) with the photocytotoxicity of BODIPYs. Additional conjugation with targeting ligands can boost the uptake by cancer cells that overexpress the corresponding receptors. We describe two Pt(II) triangles, 1 and 2, built with pyridyl BODIPYs functionalized with glucose (3) or triethylene glycol methyl ether (4), respectively. Both 1 and 2 showed higher singlet oxygen quantum yields than 3 and 4, due to the enhanced singlet-to-triplet intersystem crossing. To evaluate the targeting effect of the glycosylated derivative, in vitro experiments were performed using glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1)-positive HT29 and A549 cancer cells, and noncancerous HEK293 cells as control. Both 1 and 2 showed higher cellular uptake than 3 and 4. Specifically, 1 was selective and highly cytotoxic toward HT29 and A549 cells. The synergistic chemo- and photodynamic behavior of the metallacycles was also confirmed. Notably, 1 exhibited superior efficacy toward the cisplatin-resistant R-HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Durán-Sampedro
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Institute
for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Evelyn Y. Xue
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Shatin,
N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Marta Moreno-Simoni
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Celia Paramio
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Institute
for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
- IMDEA
Nanociencia, C/Faraday
9, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department
of Chemistry, The Chinese University of
Hong Kong, Shatin,
N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Gema de la Torre
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
- Institute
for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
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11
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Xiong J, Xue EY, Ng DKP. Synthesis, Cellular Uptake, and Photodynamic Activity of Oligogalactosyl Zinc(II) Phthalocyanines. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202200406. [PMID: 36445036 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Invited for this month's cover is the group of Prof. Dennis K. P. Ng at The Chinese University of Hong Kong. The cover picture shows the selective internalization of molecules of a di-galactosyl zinc(II) phthalocyanine into a cancer cell. Upon light irradiation, these molecules are excited and interact with the endogenous oxygen to generate highly reactive singlet oxygen, which oxidatively damages the cellular components, leading to cell death eventually. More information can be found in the Research Article by Dennis K. P. Ng, and co-workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Evelyn Y Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, P. R. China
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Xiong J, Xue EY, Ng DKP. Synthesis, Cellular Uptake, and Photodynamic Activity of Oligogalactosyl Zinc(II) Phthalocyanines. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202200285. [PMID: 36229229 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A series of di-α-substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanines with different number of galactose moieties, ranging from 1 to 8, namely Pc-galn (n=1, 2, 4, and 8) were designed and synthesized. The synthesis involved the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction of a mono- or dialkynyl zinc(II) phthalocyanine with an acetyl-protected galactosyl azide or its dendritic derivative with four acetyl-protected galactosyl groups, followed by removal of the acetyl protecting groups via alkaline hydrolysis. In N,N-dimethylformamide, these oligogalactosyl phthalocyanines were non-aggregated as shown by the strong Q-band absorption and fluorescence emission. Owing to the di-α-substitution, they also behaved as efficient singlet oxygen generators upon light irradiation with a singlet oxygen quantum yield of 0.84. The spectroscopic and photophysical properties were not affected by the number of galactosyl units. In contrast, the compounds became significantly aggregated and quenched in phosphate-buffered saline. Their cellular uptake was then studied using a range of cell lines, which generally followed the order Pc-gal1 >Pc-gal2 ≈Pc-gal4 >Pc-gal8 . Interestingly, the di-galactosyl analogue exhibited selective uptake against HeLa human cervical carcinoma cells through an energy-dependent pathway instead of the expected asialoglycoprotein receptor. Upon light irradiation, it could effectively kill the cells with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 0.58 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Evelyn Y Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, P. R. China
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13
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Chu JCH, Wong CTT, Ng DKP. Toward Precise Antitumoral Photodynamic Therapy Using a Dual Receptor-Mediated Bioorthogonal Activation Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202214473. [PMID: 36376249 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202214473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery and specific activation of photosensitizers can greatly improve the treatment outcome of photodynamic therapy. To this end, we report herein a novel dual receptor-mediated bioorthogonal activation approach to enhance the tumor specificity of the photodynamic action. It involves the targeted delivery of a biotinylated boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based photosensitizer, which is quenched in the native form by the attached 1,2,4,5-tetrazine unit, and an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeting cyclic peptide conjugated with a bicycle[6.1.0]non-4-yne moiety. Only for cancer cells that overexpress both the biotin receptor and EGFR, the two components can be internalized preferentially where they undergo an inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction, leading to restoration of the photodynamic activity of the BODIPY core. By using a range of cell lines with different expression levels of these two receptors, we have demonstrated that this stepwise "deliver-and-click" approach can confine the photodynamic action on a specific type of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky C H Chu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Clarence T T Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.,Current address: Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
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14
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Xiong J, Xue EY, Wu Q, Lo PC, Ng DKP. A tetrazine-responsive isonitrile-caged photosensitiser for site-specific photodynamic therapy. J Control Release 2023; 353:663-674. [PMID: 36503072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We report herein a versatile and efficient bioorthogonal strategy to actualise targeted delivery and site-specific activation of photosensitisers for precise antitumoural photodynamic therapy. The strategy involved the use of an isonitrile-caged distyryl boron dipyrromethene-based photosensitiser, labelled as NC-DSBDP, of which the photoactivities could be specifically activated upon conversion of the meso ester substituent to carboxylate initiated by the [4 + 1] cycloaddition with a tetrazine derivative. By using two tetrazines conjugated with a galactose moiety or the GE11 peptide, labelled as gal-Tz and GE11-Tz, we could selectively label the cancer cells overexpressed with the asialoglycoprotein receptor and the epidermal growth factor receptor respectively. Upon encountering the internalised NC-DSBDP, these tetrazines triggered the "ester-to-carboxylate" transformation of this compound, activating its fluorescence and reactive oxygen species generation inside the target cells. The bioorthogonal activation was also demonstrated in vivo, leading to effective photo-eradication of the tumour in nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Evelyn Y Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Qianqian Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pui-Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
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15
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Xiong J, Xue EY, Ng DKP. Synthesis, Cellular Uptake, and Photodynamic Activity of Oligogalactosyl Zinc(II) Phthalocyanines. Chempluschem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Xiong
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Evelyn Y. Xue
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong P. R. China
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16
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Chu JCH, Wong CTT, Ng DKP. Toward Precise Antitumoral Photodynamic Therapy Using a Dual Receptor‐Mediated Bioorthogonal Activation Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202214473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Clarence T. T. Wong
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Applied Biology and Chemical Technology CHINA
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong Chemistry Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong Hong Kong CHINA
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17
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Tam LKB, He L, Ng DKP, Cheung PCK, Lo P. A Tumor‐Targeting Dual‐Stimuli‐Activatable Photodynamic Molecular Beacon for Precise Photodynamic Therapy. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201652. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leo K. B. Tam
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong China
| | - Lin He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong China
| | - Peter C. K. Cheung
- School of Life Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N. T. Hong Kong China
| | - Pui‐Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong China
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18
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Chan JYM, Okada Y, Satsuki Y, Kawata T, Kobayashi N, Ng DKP. Phenanthrodiazaporphyrins: 1,10-Phenanthroline-Embedded Diazaporphyrin Analogues. BCSJ 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Y. M. Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Yusuke Okada
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Yoshida Satsuki
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kawata
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
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19
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Xiong J, Chu JCH, Fong WP, Wong CTT, Ng DKP. Specific Activation of Photosensitizer with Extrinsic Enzyme for Precisive Photodynamic Therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10647-10658. [PMID: 35639988 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of functional proteins into the intracellular space has been a challenging task that could lead to a myriad of therapeutic applications. We report herein a novel bioconjugation strategy for enzyme modification and selective delivery into cancer cells for lock-and-key-type activation of photosensitizers. Using a bifunctional linker containing a bis(bromomethyl)phenyl group and an o-phthalaldehyde moiety, it could induce cyclization of the peptide sequence Ac-NH-CRGDfC-CONH2 through site-specific dibenzylation with the two cysteine residues and further coupling with β-galactosidase via the phthalaldehyde-amine capture reaction. This facile two-step one-pot procedure enabled the preparation of cyclic RGD-modified β-galactosidase readily, which could be internalized selectively into αvβ3 integrin-overexpressed cancer cells. Upon encountering an intrinsically quenched distyryl boron dipyrromethene-based photosensitizer conjugated with a galactose moiety through a self-immolative linker inside the cells, the extrinsic enzyme induced specific cleavage of the β-galactosidic bond followed by self-immolation to release an activated derivative, thereby restoring the photodynamic activities and causing cell death effectively. The high specificity of this extrinsic enzyme-activated photosensitizing system was also demonstrated in vivo using nude mice bearing an αvβ3 integrin-positive U87-MG tumor. The specific activation at the tumor site resulted in lighting up and complete eradication of the tumor upon laser irradiation, while by using the native β-galactosidase, the effects were largely reduced. In contrast to the conventional activation using intrinsic enzymes, this extrinsic enzyme activatable approach can further minimize the nonspecific activation toward precisive photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Jacky C H Chu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Ping Fong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Clarence T T Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
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20
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Chan JYM, Ng DKP. [3 + 1] Mixed Cyclization: A Synthetic Route to Prepare Low-Symmetry Phthalocyanines. J Org Chem 2022; 87:7213-7218. [PMID: 35608557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel synthetic strategy for low-symmetry phthalocyanines has been developed, which involves the base-promoted cyclization of a preconnected trisphthalonitrile and a free phthalonitrile in the presence of a metal template. By using this [3 + 1] mixed cyclization approach, a series of zinc(II) phthalocyanine derivatives have been synthesized in up to 12% yields, including a very rare ABCD-type phthalocyanine and an amphiphilic ABAC-type analogue that can self-assemble in aqueous media, forming stable spherical nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Y M Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
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21
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Xue EY, Yang C, Fong WP, Ng DKP. Site-Specific Displacement-Driven Activation of Supramolecular Photosensitizing Nanoassemblies for Antitumoral Photodynamic Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:14903-14915. [PMID: 35333503 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The delivery and activation of photosensitizers in a specific manner is crucial in photodynamic therapy. For an antitumoral application, it can confine the photodynamic action on the cancer cells, thereby enhancing the treatment efficacy and reducing the side effects. We report herein a novel supramolecular photosensitizing nanosystem that can be specifically activated in cancer cells and tumors that overexpress epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). It involves the self-assembly of the amphiphilic host-guest complex of a β-cyclodextrin-conjugated phthalocyanine-based photosensitizer (Pc-CD) and a ferrocene-substituted poly(ethylene glycol) (Mn = 2000) (Fc-PEG) in aqueous media. The resulting nanosystem Pc-CD@Fc-PEG with a hydrodynamic diameter of 124-147 nm could not emit fluorescence and generate reactive oxygen species due to the self-quenching effect and the ferrocene-based quencher. Upon interactions with molecules of adamantane substituted with an EGFR-targeting peptide (Ad-QRH*) in water and in EGFR-positive HT29 and A431 cells, the ferrocene guest species were displaced, resulting in disassembly of the nanoparticles and restoration of these photoactivities. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration values were down to 1.24 μM (for HT29 cells). The nanosystem Pc-CD@Fc-PEG could also be activated in an Ad-QRH*-treated HT29 tumor in nude mice, leading to increased intratumoral fluorescence intensity and effective eradication of the tumor upon laser irradiation. The results showed that this two-step supramolecular approach can actualize site-specific photosensitization and minimize nonspecific phototoxicity in a general photodynamic treatment.
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22
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Casellas NM, Dai G, Xue Y, Vicente-Arana MJ, Ng DKP, Torres T, García-Iglesias M. Porphyrin-based supramolecular nanofibres as a dynamic and activatable photosensitiser for photodynamic therapy. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3259-3267. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00173j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) represents a promising treatment modality for a range of cancers and other non-malignant diseases due to its non-invasive nature arising from the light-dependent activation. However, PDT has...
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23
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Dai G, Choi CKK, Choi CHJ, Fong WP, Ng DKP. Glutathione-degradable polydopamine nanoparticles as a versatile platform for fabrication of advanced photosensitisers for anticancer therapy. Biomater Sci 2021; 10:189-201. [PMID: 34817474 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01482j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of glutathione (GSH)-responsive polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared using a disulfide-linked dopamine dimer as starting material, of which the size could be tuned systematically by adjusting the amount of ammonia solution used. Molecules of a phthalocyanine (Pc)-based photosensitiser and an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeting peptide were then sequentially immobilised on the surface of the NPs through coupling with the surface functionalities of PDA. The immobilised Pc molecules in the resulting nanosystem were photodynamically inactive due to the strong self-quenching effect and the quenching by the PDA core. Upon exposure to GSH in phosphate-buffered saline or EGFR-positive cancer cells, namely A549 and A431 cells, the NPs were disassembled through cleavage of the disulfide linkages to release the Pc molecules, thereby restoring their fluorescence emission and singlet oxygen generation. The NPs with the smallest size (ca. 200 nm in diameter) exhibited the highest cellular uptake and high photocytotoxicity with IC50 values as low as 0.05 μM based on Pc. These NPs could also accumulate and be activated in the tumour of A431 tumour-bearing nude mice, lighting up the tumour with fluorescence over a period of 72 h and completely eradicating the tumour through laser irradiation for 10 min (675 nm, 20 J cm-2). The results suggest that these biodegradable and versatile PDA-based NPs can serve as a promising nanoplatform for fabrication of advanced photosensitisers for targeted photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaole Dai
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chun Kit K Choi
- Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung Hang Jonathan Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Ping Fong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
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24
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Casellas NM, Dai G, Xue EY, Fonseca A, Ng DKP, García-Iglesias M, Torres T. A self-assembled subphthalocyanine-based nanophotosensitiser for photodynamic therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:669-672. [PMID: 34919102 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05977g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A subphthalocyanine substituted with nine tetra(ethylene glycol) chains on the periphery has been synthesised. This novel amphiphilic and cone-shaped compound can self-assemble in water into spherical nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic diameter of 154 nm. These nanoparticles can be taken up readily by cancer cells and localised predominately in lysosomes where they disassemble gradually, leading to activation in fluorescence emission and, photocytotoxicity, showing IC50 values of as low as 1.2 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás M Casellas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IadChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, Madrid 28049, Spain. .,IMDEA Nanociencia, c/Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Gaole Dai
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Evelyn Y Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Alba Fonseca
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IadChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, Madrid 28049, Spain.
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N. T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Miguel García-Iglesias
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IadChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, Madrid 28049, Spain. .,IMDEA Nanociencia, c/Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain.,QUIPRE Department, University of Cantabria, Avd. de Los Castros, 46, Santander 39005, Spain.
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IadChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, Madrid 28049, Spain. .,IMDEA Nanociencia, c/Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
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25
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Tam LKB, Yu L, Wong RCH, Fong WP, Ng DKP, Lo PC. Dual Cathepsin B and Glutathione-Activated Dimeric and Trimeric Phthalocyanine-Based Photodynamic Molecular Beacons for Targeted Photodynamic Therapy. J Med Chem 2021; 64:17455-17467. [PMID: 34846143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two dual stimuli-activated photosensitizers were developed, in which two or three glutathione (GSH)-responsive 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonate (DNBS)-substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine units were connected via one or two cathepsin B-cleavable Gly-Phe-Leu-Gly peptide linker(s). These dimeric and trimeric phthalocyanines were fully quenched in the native form due to the photoinduced electron transfer to the DNBS substituents and the self-quenching of the phthalocyanine units. In the presence of GSH and cathepsin B, or upon internalization into A549 and HepG2 cancer cells, these probes were activated through the release of free phthalocyanine units. The intracellular fluorescence intensity was increased upon post-incubation with GSH ester or reduced upon pre-treatment with a cathepsin B inhibitor. Upon light irradiation, these photosensitizers became highly cytotoxic with IC50 values of 0.21-0.39 μM. The photocytotoxicity was also dependent on the intracellular GSH and cathepsin B levels. The results showed that these conjugates could serve as smart photosensitizers for targeted photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo K B Tam
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Ligang Yu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Roy C H Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Ping Fong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Pui-Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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26
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Chu JCH, Shao C, Ha SYY, Fong WP, Wong CTT, Ng DKP. One-pot peptide cyclisation and surface modification of photosensitiser-loaded red blood cells for targeted photodynamic therapy. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:7832-7837. [PMID: 34726672 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01306h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report herein a one-pot approach to cyclise a tumour-targeting peptide and conjugate it on the surface of red blood cells loaded with a boron dipyrromethene-based photosensitiser using a bifunctional linker consisting of a bis(bromomethyl)phenyl unit and an ortho-phthalaldehyde unit. This cell-based photosensitiser with surface modification with cyclic RGD peptide moieties can selectively bind against the αvβ3 integrin-overexpressed cancer cells, leading to enhanced photocytotoxicity. The results demonstrate that this facile strategy is effective for live-cell surface modification for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky C H Chu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Chihao Shao
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Summer Y Y Ha
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wing-Ping Fong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Clarence T T Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
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27
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Xue EY, Shi WJ, Fong WP, Ng DKP. Targeted Delivery and Site-Specific Activation of β-Cyclodextrin-Conjugated Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy through a Supramolecular Bio-orthogonal Approach. J Med Chem 2021; 64:15461-15476. [PMID: 34662121 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of photosensitizers using hydrophilic and tumor-directing carriers and site-specific activation of their photocytotoxicity are two common strategies to enhance the specificity of anticancer photodynamic therapy. We report herein a novel supramolecular bio-orthogonal approach to integrate these two functions. A β-cyclodextrin-substituted aza-boron-dipyrromethene-based photosensitizer was first complexed with a ferrocene-substituted black-hole quencher to inhibit its photosensitizing ability. Upon encountering the adamantane moieties that had been delivered to target cancer cells through specific binding of the conjugated peptide to the overexpressed epidermal growth factor receptor, the ferrocene-based guest species were displaced due to the stronger binding interactions between β-cyclodextrin and adamantane, thereby restoring the photodynamic activity of the photosensitizer. Hence, this two-step process enabled targeted delivery and site-specific activation of the photosensitizer, as demonstrated through a series of experiments in aqueous media, in a range of cancer cell lines and in tumor-bearing nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Y Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Wen-Jing Shi
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Ping Fong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
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28
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Martínez‐Edo G, Xue EY, Ha SYY, Pontón I, González‐Delgado JA, Borrós S, Torres T, Ng DKP, Sánchez‐García D. Cover Feature: Nanoparticles for Triple Drug Release for Combined Chemo‐ and Photodynamic Therapy (Chem. Eur. J. 59/2021). Chemistry 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Martínez‐Edo
- Grup d'Enginyera de Materials (GEMAT) Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull Via Augusta 390 08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - Evelyn Y. Xue
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong China
| | - Summer Y. Y. Ha
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong China
| | - Iris Pontón
- Grup d'Enginyera de Materials (GEMAT) Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull Via Augusta 390 08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - José Antonio González‐Delgado
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid c/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Grup d'Enginyera de Materials (GEMAT) Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull Via Augusta 390 08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem) Universidad Autónoma de Madrid c/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia c/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong China
| | - David Sánchez‐García
- Grup d'Enginyera de Materials (GEMAT) Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull Via Augusta 390 08017 Barcelona Spain
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Martínez-Edo G, Xue EY, Ha SYY, Pontón I, González-Delgado JA, Borrós S, Torres T, Ng DKP, Sánchez-García D. Nanoparticles for Triple Drug Release for Combined Chemo- and Photodynamic Therapy. Chemistry 2021; 27:14610-14618. [PMID: 34460988 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A pH-responsive drug delivery system (DDS) based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) has been prepared for the delivery of three anticancer drugs with different modes of action. The novelty of this system is its ability to combine synergistic chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy. A photoactive conjugate of a phthalocyanine (Pc) and a topoisomerase I inhibitor (topo-I), namely camptothecin (CPT), linked by a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chain has been synthesized and then loaded into the mesopores of MSNs. Doxorubicin (DOX), which is a topoisomerase II inhibitor (topo-II), has also been covalently anchored to the outer surface of the MSNs through a dihydrazide PEG linker. In the acidic environment of tumor cells, selective release of the three drugs takes place. In vitro studies have demonstrated the endocytosis of the system into HeLa and HepG2 cells, and the subsequent release of the three drugs into the cytoplasm and nucleus. Furthermore, the cytotoxic effect of DOX, CPT and Pc has been assessed in vitro before and upon light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Martínez-Edo
- Grup d'Enginyera de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Evelyn Y Xue
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Summer Y Y Ha
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Iris Pontón
- Grup d'Enginyera de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Antonio González-Delgado
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Grup d'Enginyera de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tomás Torres
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/ Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Nanociencia, c/ Faraday 9, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - David Sánchez-García
- Grup d'Enginyera de Materials (GEMAT), Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017, Barcelona, Spain
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Dai G, Chu JCH, Chan CKW, Choi CHJ, Ng DKP. Reactive oxygen species-responsive polydopamine nanoparticles for targeted and synergistic chemo and photodynamic anticancer therapy. Nanoscale 2021; 13:15899-15915. [PMID: 34522935 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04278e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A thioketal-linked dimer of 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine was prepared which underwent self-polymerisation in the presence of doxorubicin (Dox) in an ethanol/water (1 : 4, v/v) mixture with ammonia. The resulting Dox-encapsulated polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles were further conjugated with molecules of a zinc(II) phthalocyanine (Pc)-based photosensitiser and a peptide containing the heptapeptide QRHKPRE sequence (labelled as QRH) that can target the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpressed in cancer cells. Upon internalisation into these cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis, these nanoparticles labelled as PDA-Dox-Pc-QRH were disassembled gradually via cleavage of the thioketal linkages by the intrinsic intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). The stacked Pc molecules were then disaggregated, resulting in activation of their photosensitising property upon irradiation. The ROS generated by the activated Pc promoted further degradation of the nanoparticles and release of Dox, thereby enhancing cell death by synergistic chemo and photodynamic therapy. Systemic injection of PDA-Dox-Pc-QRH into EGFR-overexpressed tumour-bearing nude mice led to targeted delivery to the tumour, and subsequent light irradiation caused complete tumour ablation without inducing notable toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaole Dai
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jacky C H Chu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Cecilia Ka Wing Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung Hang Jonathan Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
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Xu Y, Lin S, He R, Zhang Y, Gao Q, Ng DKP, Geng J. Cover Feature: C=C Bond Oxidative Cleavage of BODIPY Photocages by Visible Light (Chem. Eur. J. 44/2021). Chemistry 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Xu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Shanmeng Lin
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Rongkun He
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Yichuan Zhang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Quan Gao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shatin N.T., Hong Kong China
| | - Jin Geng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
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Chan JYM, Okada Y, Kawata T, Kobayashi N, Ng DKP. Phenanthroline-Fused Phthalocyanine Analogues Having a Monovalent Corrole Inner Perimeter and 4nπ Nonaromatic Properties. Org Lett 2021; 23:5942-5946. [PMID: 34310155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Condensation of 4,5-bis(4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethylphenoxy)phthalonitrile with 2,9-diamino-1,10-phenanthroline in the presence of M(OAc)2 (M = Ni, Pd, Zn) afforded a series of phenanthroline-fused phthalocyanine analogues with a 16 π-electron skeleton. While the arrangement of elements along the inner perimeter of these macrocycles is the same as that of the hitherto reported trivalent corroles, they represent the first example of porphyrinoids possessing a monovalent corrole inner perimeter and nonaromatic characteristics as revealed by their spectroscopic data and theoretical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Y M Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Yusuke Okada
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kawata
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
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Xu Y, Lin S, He R, Zhang Y, Gao Q, Ng DKP, Geng J. C=C Bond Oxidative Cleavage of BODIPY Photocages by Visible Light. Chemistry 2021; 27:11268-11272. [PMID: 34114272 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Photocages for protection and the controlled release of bioactive compounds have been widely investigated. However, the vast majority of these photocages employ the cleavage of single bonds and high-energy ultraviolet light. The construction of a photoactivation system that uses visible light to cleave unsaturated bonds still remains a challenge. Herein, we report a regioselective oxidative cleavage of C=C bonds from a boron-dipyrrolemethene (BODIPY)-based photocage by illumination at 630 nm, resulting in a free aldehyde and a thiol fluorescent probe. This strategy was demonstrated in live HeLa cells, and the generated α-formyl-BODIPY allowed real-time monitoring of aldehyde release in the cells. In particular, it is shown that a mannose-functionalized photocage can target HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Xu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Shanmeng Lin
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Rongkun He
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yichuan Zhang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Quan Gao
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Jin Geng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
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Chen XF, Ng DKP. β-Cyclodextrin-conjugated phthalocyanines as water-soluble and recyclable sensitisers for photocatalytic applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3567-3570. [PMID: 33704330 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00713k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two zinc(ii) phthalocyanines substituted with two and four permethylated β-cyclodextrin moieties at the α positions have been synthesised and immobilised on the surface of adamantane-modified silica nanoparticles through host-guest interactions. These molecular and supramolecular systems can catalyse the photooxygenation of 1-naphthol and 2-furoic acid in organic and aqueous media with high conversion efficiency and reaction yield, and photodegradation of 2-chlorophenol in water. Having a higher photostability and recyclability, the supramolecular nanosystems are particularly promising for these photocatalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
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Dai G, Choi CKK, Zhou Y, Bai Q, Xiao Y, Yang C, Choi CHJ, Ng DKP. Immobilising hairpin DNA-conjugated distyryl boron dipyrromethene on gold@polydopamine core-shell nanorods for microRNA detection and microRNA-mediated photodynamic therapy. Nanoscale 2021; 13:6499-6512. [PMID: 33885529 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr09135a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel nanosystem of polydopamine-coated gold nanorods (AuNR@PDA) immobilised with molecules of hairpin DNA-conjugated distyryl boron dipyrromethene (DSBDP) was designed and fabricated for detection of microRNA-21 (miR-21). By using this oncogenic stimulus, the photodynamic effect of the DSBDP-based photosensitiser was also activated. In the presence of miR-21, the fluorescence intensity of the nanosystem was increased due to the dissociation of the conjugate from AuNR@PDA upon hybridisation. The intracellular fluorescence intensity triggered by intracellular miR-21 was in the order: MCF-7 > HeLa > HEK-293, which was in accordance with their miR-21 expression levels. The specificity was demonstrated by comparing the results with those of an analogue with a scrambled DNA sequence. The nanosystem could also result in miR-21-mediated photodynamic eradication of miR-21-overexpressed MCF-7 cells. After intravenous injection of the nanosystem into HeLa tumour-bearing nude mice, the fluorescence intensity of the tumour was increased over 24 h and was about 3-fold stronger than that of the scrambled analogue. Upon irradiation, the nanosystem could also greatly reduce the size of the tumour without causing significant tissue damage in the major organs. The overall results showed that this nanoplatform can serve as a specific and potent theranostic agent for simultaneous miR-21 detection and miR-21-mediated photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaole Dai
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
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Zhang Y, Cheung YK, Ng DKP, Fong WP. Enhancement of innate and adaptive anti-tumor immunity by serum obtained from vascular photodynamic therapy-cured BALB/c mouse. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:3217-3233. [PMID: 33821298 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-02917-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved treatment for various types of cancer. Besides killing the tumor cells directly, PDT has also been reported to trigger anti-tumor immunity. In our previous study, BAM-SiPc-based PDT was shown to induce immunogenic cell death on CT26 murine colon tumor cells in vitro. Using the BALB/c mouse animal model and a vascular-PDT (VPDT) approach, it could also eradicate tumor in ∼ 70% of tumor-bearing mice and elicit an anti-tumor immune response. In the present study, the serum obtained from the VPDT-cured mice was studied and found to possess various immunomodulatory properties. In in vitro studies, it stimulated cytokine secretions of IL-6 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligands 1-3 in CT26 cells through the NF-κB and MAPK pathways. The complement protein C5a boosted in the serum was shown to be involved in the process. The serum also induced calreticulin exposure on CT26 cells and activated dendritic cells. It contained CT26-targeting antibodies which, through the Fc region, induced macrophage engulfment of the tumor cells. In in vivo studies, inoculation of the serum-treated CT26 cells to mice demonstrated a retarded tumor growth with leukocytes, particularly T cells, attracted to the tumor site. In addition, the VPDT-cured mice showed different degrees of resistance against challenge of other types of murine tumor cells, for example, the breast tumor 4T1 and EMT6 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying-Kit Cheung
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Ping Fong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
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Chu JCH, Fong WP, Wong CTT, Ng DKP. Facile Synthesis of Cyclic Peptide-Phthalocyanine Conjugates for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Targeted Photodynamic Therapy. J Med Chem 2021; 64:2064-2076. [PMID: 33577327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A facile procedure for in situ peptide cyclization and phthalocyanine conjugation was developed by utilizing a bifunctional linker incorporated with a bis(bromomethyl)benzene unit and a cyclopentadiene moiety. These functional groups facilitated the nucleophilic substitution with the two cysteine residues of the linear peptides followed by the Diels-Alder reaction with the maleimide moiety attached to a zinc(II) phthalocyanine. With this approach, three cyclic peptide-phthalocyanine conjugates were prepared in 20-26% isolated yield via a one-pot procedure. One of the conjugates containing a cyclic form of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-binding peptide sequence CMYIEALDKYAC displayed superior features as an advanced photosensitizer. It showed preferential uptake by two EGFR-positive cancer cell lines (HT29 and HCT116) compared with two EGFR-negative counterparts (HeLa and HEK293), resulting in significantly higher photocytotoxicity. Intravenous administration of this conjugate into HT29 tumor-bearing nude mice resulted in selective localization in tumor and effective inhibition of tumor growth upon photodynamic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky C H Chu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Ping Fong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Clarence T T Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
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Cao Y, Han S, Zhang H, Wang J, Jiang QY, Zhou Y, Yu YJ, Wang J, Chen F, Ng DKP. Detection of cell-surface sialic acids and photodynamic eradication of cancer cells using dye-modified polydopamine-coated gold nanobipyramids. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:5780-5784. [PMID: 34269776 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01274f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A nanoprobe based on polydopamine-coated gold nanobipyramids surface modified with molecules of a phenylboronic acid-substituted distyryl boron dipyrromethene has been fabricated and characterised using various physical and spectroscopic methods. It serves as an ultrasensitive sensor for sialic acids on the surface of cancer cells based on its dual surface-enhanced Raman scattering and fluorescence response. This biomarker can also trigger the photodynamic activity of these nanobipyramids, effectively eradicating the cancer cells mainly through apoptosis as shown by various bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China. and Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Shenghua Han
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
| | - Qiao-Yan Jiang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
| | - Yimin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China.
| | - You-Jia Yu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, China.
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Chu JCH, Chin ML, Wong CTT, Hui M, Lo P, Ng DKP. One‐Pot Synthesis of a Cyclic Antimicrobial Peptide‐Conjugated Phthalocyanine for Synergistic Chemo‐Photodynamic Killing of Multidrug‐Resistant Bacteria. Adv Therap 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202000204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacky C. H. Chu
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong China
| | - Miu Ling Chin
- Department of Microbiology The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong China
| | - Clarence T. T. Wong
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong China
| | - Mamie Hui
- Department of Microbiology The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong China
| | - Pui‐Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories Hong Kong China
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Dharmaratne P, Wang B, Wong RCH, Chan BCL, Lau KM, Ke MR, Lau CBS, Ng DKP, Fung KP, Ip M. Monosubstituted tricationic Zn(II) phthalocyanine enhances antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and cytotoxicity evaluation for topical applications: in vitro and in vivo study. Emerg Microbes Infect 2020; 9:1628-1637. [PMID: 32619386 PMCID: PMC7473158 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1790305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is an innovative approach to combat multi-drug resistant bacteria. It is known that cationic Zn(II) phthalocyanines (ZnPc) are effective in mediating aPDT against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Here we used ZnPc-based photosensitizer named ZnPcE previously reported by our research group to evaluate its aPDT efficacy against broad spectrum of clinically relevant MRSAs. Remarkably, in vitro anti-MRSA activity was achieved using near-infrared (NIR, >610 nm) light with minimal bactericidal concentrations ranging <0.019-0.156 µM against the panel of MRSAs. ZnPcE was not only significantly (p < .05) more potent than methylene blue, which is a clinically approved photosensitizer but also demonstrated low cytotoxicity against human fibroblasts cell line (Hs-27) and human immortalized keratinocytes cell line (HaCaT). The toxicity was further evaluated on human 3-D skin constructs and found ZnPcE did not manifest in vivo skin irritation at ≤7.8 µM concentration. In the murine MRSA wound model, ZnPcE with PDT group demonstrated > 4 log10 CFU reduction and the value is significantly higher (p < .05) than all test groups except positive control. To conclude, results of present study provide a scientific basis for future clinical evaluation of ZnPcE-PDT on MRSA wound infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanga Dharmaratne
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), People’s Republic of China
| | - Baiyan Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), People’s Republic of China
| | - Roy C. H. Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), People’s Republic of China
| | - Ben C. L. Chan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), People’s Republic of China
| | - Kit-Man Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei-Rong Ke
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), People’s Republic of China
| | - Clara B. S. Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), People’s Republic of China
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), People’s Republic of China
| | - Kwok-Pui Fung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), People’s Republic of China
- CUHK-Zhejiang University Joint Laboratory on Natural Products and Toxicology Research, Hong Kong (SAR), People's Republic of China
| | - Margaret Ip
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong (SAR), People’s Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
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Li Y, Sun P, Zhao L, Yan X, Ng DKP, Lo P. Ferric Ion Driven Assembly of Catalase‐like Supramolecular Photosensitizing Nanozymes for Combating Hypoxic Tumors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23228-23238. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Pan Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Luyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xuehai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N.T. Hong Kong China
| | - Pui‐Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong China
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Li Y, Sun P, Zhao L, Yan X, Ng DKP, Lo P. Ferric Ion Driven Assembly of Catalase‐like Supramolecular Photosensitizing Nanozymes for Combating Hypoxic Tumors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong China
| | - Pan Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Luyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xuehai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin N.T. Hong Kong China
| | - Pui‐Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong China
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43
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Chu JCH, Yang C, Fong WP, Wong CTT, Ng DKP. Facile one-pot synthesis of cyclic peptide-conjugated photosensitisers for targeted photodynamic therapy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11941-11944. [PMID: 32931540 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05264g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel synthetic strategy for in situ cyclisation of peptides and conjugation with functional boron dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) has been developed. Linear peptides with up to 16 amino acid residues can be cyclised effectively and the resulting conjugates can be isolated in higher than 20% yield. One of the conjugates having a cyclic RGD moiety has been studied both in vitro and in vivo. It exhibits high and selective affinity towards the αvβ3-positive cell lines and induces high photocytotoxicity. The conjugate can also selectively localise in and effectively inhibit the growth of αvβ3-overexpressed tumour in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky C H Chu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
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Abstract
In cancer photodynamic therapy (PDT), a photosensitizer taken up by cancer cells can generate reactive oxygen species upon near-infrared light activation to induce cancer cell death. To increase PDT potency and decrease its adverse effect, one approach is to conjugate the photosensitizer with an antibody that specifically targets cancer cells. In the present study, IR700, a hydrophilic phthalocyanine photosensitizer, was conjugated to the humanized monoclonal antibody ARB102, which binds specifically cadherin-17 (CDH17 aka CA17), a cell surface marker highly expressed in gastrointestinal cancer to produce ARB102-IR700. Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) of gastrointestinal cancer cell lines was conducted by ARB102-IR700 treatment and near-infrared light irradiation. The results showed that ARB102-IR700 PIT could induce cell death in CDH17-positive cancer cells with high potency. In a co-culture model, CDH17-negative and CDH17-overexpressing SW480 cells were labeled with distinct fluorescent dyes and cultured together prior to PIT treatment. The results confirmed that ARB102-IR700 PIT could kill CDH17-positive cells specifically, while leaving the adjacent CDH17-negative cells unaffected. An in vivo efficacy study was conducted using a pancreatic adenocarcinoma AsPC-1 xenograft tumor model in nude mice. Fluorescence scanning indicated that ARB102-IR700 accumulated specifically in the tumor sites. To perform PIT, at 24 and 48 h postinjection, mice were irradiated with a 680 nm laser at the tumor site to activate the photosensitizer. It was shown that ARB102-IR700 PIT could inhibit tumor growth significantly. In summary, this study demonstrated that the novel ARB102-IR700 is a promising agent for PIT in gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yick-Liang Lum
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - John M Luk
- Arbele Limited, Shatin N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Ping Fong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
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45
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Wong CTT, Chu JCH, Ha SYY, Wong RCH, Dai G, Kwong TT, Wong CH, Ng DKP. Phthalaldehyde-Amine Capture Reactions for Bioconjugation and Immobilization of Phthalocyanines. Org Lett 2020; 22:7098-7102. [PMID: 32806143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A phthalaldehyde-substituted phthalocyanine has been synthesized that can conjugate with a range of biomolecules, including peptides, monosaccharides, lipids, and DNAs, and be immobilized on the surface of bovine serum album nanoparticles and glass slides using the versatile and efficient phthalaldehyde-amine capture reactions. The light-induced cytotoxic effects of the latter two materials have also been examined against cancer cells and bacteria, respectively, showing that they are highly efficient photosensitizing systems for photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarence T T Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jacky C H Chu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Summer Y Y Ha
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Roy C H Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gaole Dai
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tsz-Tung Kwong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Hang Wong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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46
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Zhang Y, Cheung YK, Ng DKP, Fong WP. Immunogenic necroptosis in the anti-tumor photodynamic action of BAM-SiPc, a silicon(IV) phthalocyanine-based photosensitizer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 70:485-495. [PMID: 32839829 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02700-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an anti-tumor modality which employs three individually non-toxic substances, including photosensitizer, light and oxygen, to produce a toxic effect. Besides causing damage to blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the tumor and killing the tumor by a direct cytotoxic effect, PDT has also been known to trigger an anti-tumor immune response. For instance, our previous study showed that PDT with BAM-SiPc, a silicon(IV) phthalocyanine based-photosensitizer, can not only eradicate the mouse CT26 tumor cells in a Balb/c mouse model, but also protect the mice against further re-challenge of the tumor cells through an immunomodulatory mechanism. To understand more about the immune effect, the biochemical actions of BAM-SiPc-PDT on CT26 cells were studied in the in vitro system. It was confirmed that the PDT treatment could induce immunogenic necroptosis in the tumor cells. Upon treatment, different damage-associated molecular patterns were exposed onto the cell surface or released from the cells. Among them, calreticulin was found to translocate to the cell membrane through a pathway similar to that in chemotherapy. The activation of immune response was also demonstrated by an increase in the expression of different chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying-Kit Cheung
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Dennis K P Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Ping Fong
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
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Ha SYY, Zhou Y, Fong WP, Ng DKP. Multifunctional Molecular Therapeutic Agent for Targeted and Controlled Dual Chemo- and Photodynamic Therapy. J Med Chem 2020; 63:8512-8523. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Dharmaratne P, Wong RCH, Wang J, Lo PC, Wang B, Chan BCL, Lau KM, Lau CBS, Fung KP, Ip M, Ng DKP. Synthesis and In Vitro Photodynamic Activity of Cationic Boron Dipyrromethene-Based Photosensitizers against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E140. [PMID: 32485946 PMCID: PMC7344895 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8060140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of cationic boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) derivatives were synthesized and characterized with various spectroscopic methods. Having the ability to generate singlet oxygen upon irradiation, these compounds could potentially serve as photosensitizers for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Of the five BODIPYs being examined, the dicationic aza-BODIPY analogue (compound 5) demonstrated the highest potency against a broad spectrum of clinically relevant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), including four ATCC-type strains (ATCC 43300, ATCC BAA-42, ATCC BAA-43, and ATCC BAA-44), two strains carrying specific antibiotic resistance mechanisms [-AAC(6')-APH(2") and RN4220/pUL5054], and ten non-duplicate clinical strains from hospital- and community-associated MRSAs of the important clonal types ST239, ST30, and ST59, which have previously been documented to be prevalent in Hong Kong and its neighboring countries. The in vitro anti-MRSA activity of compound 5 was achieved upon irradiation with near-infrared light (>610 nm) with minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) ranging from 12.5 to 25 µM against the whole panel of MRSAs, except the hospital-associated MRSAs for which the MBCs were in the range of 50-100 µM. Compound 5 was significantly (p < 0.05) more potent than methylene blue, which is a clinically approved photosensitizer, indicating that it is a promising antimicrobial agent that is worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanga Dharmaratne
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong; (P.D.); (B.W.); (K.-P.F.)
| | - Roy C. H. Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong;
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong; (J.W.); (P.-C.L.)
| | - Pui-Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong; (J.W.); (P.-C.L.)
| | - Baiyan Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong; (P.D.); (B.W.); (K.-P.F.)
| | - Ben C. L. Chan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong; (B.C.L.C.); (K.-M.L.); (C.B.S.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Kit-Man Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong; (B.C.L.C.); (K.-M.L.); (C.B.S.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Clara B. S. Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong; (B.C.L.C.); (K.-M.L.); (C.B.S.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Research on Bioactivities and Clinical Applications of Medicinal Plants, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Kwok-Pui Fung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong; (P.D.); (B.W.); (K.-P.F.)
- CUHK-Zhejiang University Joint Laboratory on Natural Products and Toxicology Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Margaret Ip
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong;
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Li Y, Wong RCH, Yan X, Ng DKP, Lo PC. Self-Assembled Nanophotosensitizing Systems with Zinc(II) Phthalocyanine-Peptide Conjugates as Building Blocks for Targeted Chemo-Photodynamic Therapy. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2020; 3:5463-5473. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Roy C. H. Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Xuehai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Pui-Chi Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518057, China
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50
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Abstract
A novel phthalocyanine has been designed and synthesised whose response towards different stimuli can be manipulated to enable it to function as a four-input molecular keypad lock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Summer Y. Y. Ha
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
| | - Dennis K. P. Ng
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin
- China
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