101
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Chen D, Gelenter MD, Hong M, Cohen RE, McKinley GH. Icephobic Surfaces Induced by Interfacial Nonfrozen Water. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:4202-4214. [PMID: 28054770 PMCID: PMC6911363 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b13773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
It is known that smooth, hydrophobic solid surfaces exhibit low ice adhesion values, which have been shown to approach a lower ice adhesion strength limit (∼150 kPa) defined by the water receding contact angle. To overcome this limit, we have designed self-lubricating icephobic coatings by blending polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) amphiphilic copolymers into a polymer matrix. Such coatings provide low ice adhesion strength values (∼50 kPa) that can substantially reduce the lower bound of the ice adhesion strength achieved previously on smooth, hydrophobic solid surfaces. Different molecular mechanisms are responsible for the low ice adhesion strength attained by these two approaches. For the smooth hydrophobic surfaces, an increased water depletion layer thickness at the interface weakens the van der Waals' interactions between the ice and the polymeric substrate. For the self-lubricating icephobic coatings, the PEG component of the amphiphilic copolymer is capable of strongly hydrogen bonding with water molecules. The surface hydrogen-bonded water molecules do not freeze, even at substantial levels of subcooling, and therefore serve as a self-lubricating interfacial liquid-like layer that helps to reduce the adhesion strength of ice to the surface. The existence of nonfrozen water molecules at the ice-solid interface is confirmed by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
| | | | - Mei Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
| | - Robert E. Cohen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Corresponding authors: Robert E. Cohen, Fax: 01 617 258 8224. , Gareth H. McKinley, Fax: 01 617 258 8559.
| | - Gareth H. McKinley
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Corresponding authors: Robert E. Cohen, Fax: 01 617 258 8224. , Gareth H. McKinley, Fax: 01 617 258 8559.
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102
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Liu Z, He Z, Lv J, Jin Y, Wu S, Liu G, Zhou F, Wang J. Ion-specific ice propagation behavior on polyelectrolyte brush surfaces. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24847k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Various hydration states of PB lead to a difference of ice propagation rate up to five orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Zhiyuan He
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Jianyong Lv
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Yuankai Jin
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Shuwang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Guangming Liu
- Department of Chemical Physics
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale
- University of Science and Technology of China
- Hefei
- PR China
| | - Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Lanzhou
- PR China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- PR China
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103
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Zhu G, Fan H, Huang H, Duan F. Coalescence of droplets on micro-structure patterned hydrophobic planar solid surfaces. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03323k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The motion and coalescence of sessile liquid droplets on patterned solid surfaces are investigated systematically in terms of the liquid and substrate surface properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiping Zhu
- College of Astronautics
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing
- China 210016
| | - Hui Fan
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
| | - Hulin Huang
- College of Astronautics
- Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
- Nanjing
- China 210016
| | - Fei Duan
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 639798
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104
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Zhang W, Cao Y, Tian P, Guo F, Tian Y, Zheng W, Ji X, Liu J. Soluble, Exfoliated Two-Dimensional Nanosheets as Excellent Aqueous Lubricants. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:32440-32449. [PMID: 27933826 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b09752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Dispersion in water of two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets is conducive to their practical applications in fundamental science communities due to their abundance, low cost, and ecofriendliness. However, it is difficult to achieve stable aqueous 2D material suspensions because of the intrinsic hydrophobic properties of the layered materials. Here, we report an effective and economic way of producing various 2D nanosheets (h-BN, MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, and graphene) as aqueous dispersions using carbon quantum dots (CQDs) as exfoliation agents and stabilizers. The dispersion was prepared through a liquid phase exfoliation. The as-synthesized stable 2D nanosheets based dispersions were characterized by UV-vis, HRTEM, AFM, Raman, XPS, and XRD. The solutions based on CQD decorated 2D nanosheets were utilized as aqueous lubricants, which realized a friction coefficient as low as 0.02 and even achieved a superlubricity under certain working conditions. The excellent lubricating properties were attributed to the synergetic effects of the 2D nanosheets and CQDs, such as good dispersion stability and easy-sliding interlayer structure. This work thus proposes a novel strategy for the design and preparation of high-performance water based green lubricants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenling Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory, Qingdao University , Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanlin Cao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory, Qingdao University , Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Pengyi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wen Zheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory, Qingdao University , Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xuqiang Ji
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory, Qingdao University , Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingquan Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Laboratory of Fiber Materials and Modern Textile, The Growing Base for State Key Laboratory, Qingdao University , Qingdao 266071, China
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105
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Yeong YH, Wang C, Wynne KJ, Gupta MC. Oil-Infused Superhydrophobic Silicone Material for Low Ice Adhesion with Long-Term Infusion Stability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:32050-32059. [PMID: 27797475 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b11184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A new approach for anti-icing materials was created to combat the effects of ice accretion and adhesion. The concept combines the strengths of individual characteristics for low ice adhesion based on elasticity, superhydrophobicity, and slippery liquid infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) for an optimal combination of high water repellency and ice-phobicity. This was achieved by replicating microtextures from a laser-irradiated aluminum substrate to an oil-infused polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer, the result of which is a flexible, superhydrophobic, and lubricated material. This design provides multiple strategies of icing protection through high water repellency to retard ice accretion and with elasticity and oil infusion for low ice adhesion in a single material. Studies showed that an infusion of silicone oils with viscosity at 100 cSt and below 8 wt % in PDMS solution is sufficient to reduce the ice shear strength to an average of 38 kPa while maintaining contact angles and roll-off angles of above 150° and below 10°, respectively. This ice-adhesion value is a ∼95% reduction from a bare aluminum surface and ∼30% reduction from a microtextured, superhydrophobic PDMS material without oil infusion. In addition, three-month aging studies showed that the wetting and ice-adhesion performance of this material did not significantly degrade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Han Yeong
- Charles. L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Kenneth J Wynne
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Mool C Gupta
- Charles. L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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106
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Ozbay S, Erbil H. Ice accretion by spraying supercooled droplets is not dependent on wettability and surface free energy of substrates. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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107
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Xiao S, He J, Zhang Z. Nanoscale deicing by molecular dynamics simulation. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:14625-14632. [PMID: 27431975 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr02398c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Deicing is important to human activities in low-temperature circumstances, and is critical for combating the damage caused by excessive accumulation of ice. The aim of creating anti-icing materials, surfaces and applications relies on the understanding of fundamental nanoscale ice adhesion mechanics. Here in this study, we employ all-atom modeling and molecular dynamics simulation to investigate ice adhesion. We apply force to detach and shear nano-sized ice cubes for probing the determinants of atomistic adhesion mechanics, and at the same time investigate the mechanical effect of a sandwiched aqueous water layer between ice and substrates. We observe that high interfacial energy restricts ice mobility and increases both ice detaching and shearing stresses. We quantify up to a 60% decrease in ice adhesion strength by an aqueous water layer, and provide atomistic details that support previous experimental studies. Our results contribute quantitative comparison of nanoscale adhesion strength of ice on hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces, and supply for the first time theoretical references for understanding the mechanics at the atomistic origins of macroscale ice adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senbo Xiao
- Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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108
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Rahimi M, Afshari A, Thormann E. Effect of Aluminum Substrate Surface Modification on Wettability and Freezing Delay of Water Droplet at Subzero Temperatures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:11147-11153. [PMID: 27045573 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b02321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have investigated the freezing delay of a water droplet on precooled substrates of an aluminum alloy that is commonly used for heat-exchanger fins. The surfaces of the substrates were modified to obtain surfaces with different hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity and different surface chemistry but without significantly modifying the surface topography. The freezing delays and water contact angles were measured as a function of the substrate temperature and the results were compared to the predictions of the heterogeneous ice nucleation theory. Although the trends for each sample followed the trend in this theory, the differences in the extents of freezing delays were in apparent disagreement with the predictions. Concretely, a slightly hydrophilic substrate modified by (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) showed longer freezing delays than both more hydrophilic and more hydrophobic substrates. We suggest that this is because this particular surface chemistry prevents ice formation at the interface of the substrate, prior to the deposition of the water droplet. On the basis of our results, we suggest that not only wettability and topography but also the concrete surface chemistry plays a significant role in the kinetics of the ice formation process when a water droplet is placed on a precooled substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maral Rahimi
- Department of Energy and Environment, Danish Building Research Institute, Aalborg University , A.C. Meyers Vænge 15, 2450 København SV, Denmark
| | - Alireza Afshari
- Department of Energy and Environment, Danish Building Research Institute, Aalborg University , A.C. Meyers Vænge 15, 2450 København SV, Denmark
| | - Esben Thormann
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark , Kemitorvet 207, DK-2800 Kgs Lyngby, Denmark
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109
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Heydari G, Tyrode E, Visnevskij C, Makuska R, Claesson PM. Temperature-Dependent Deicing Properties of Electrostatically Anchored Branched Brush Layers of Poly(ethylene oxide). LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:4194-4202. [PMID: 27064661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The hydration water of hydrophilic polymers freezes at subzero temperatures. The adsorption of such polymers will result in a hydrophilic surface layer that strongly binds water. Provided this interfacial hydration water remains liquidlike at subzero temperatures, its presence could possibly reduce ice adhesion, in particular, if the liquidlike layer is thicker than or comparable to the surface roughness. To explore this idea, a diblock copolymer, having one branched bottle-brush block of poly(ethylene oxide) and one linear cationic block, was electrostatically anchored on flat silica surfaces. The shear ice adhesion strength on such polymer-coated surfaces was investigated down to -25 °C using a homebuilt device. In addition, the temperature dependence of the ice adhesion on surfaces coated with only the cationic block, only the branched bottle-brush block, and with linear poly(ethylene oxide) was investigated. Significant ice adhesion reduction, in particular, at temperatures above -15 °C, was observed on silica surfaces coated with the electrostatically anchored diblock copolymer. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements on bulk polymer solutions demonstrate different thermal transitions of water interacting with branched and linear poly(ethylene oxide) (with hydration water melting points of about -18 and -10 °C, respectively). This difference is consistent with the low shear ice adhesion strength measured on surfaces carrying branched bottle-brush structured poly(ethylene oxide) at -10 °C, whereas no significant adhesion reduction was obtained with linear poly(ethylene oxide) at this temperature. We propose a lubrication effect of the hydration water bound to the branched bottle-brush structured poly(ethylene oxide), which, in the bulk, does not freeze until -18 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golrokh Heydari
- Department of Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eric Tyrode
- Department of Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ceslav Visnevskij
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Vilnius University , Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ricardas Makuska
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Vilnius University , Naugarduko 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Per M Claesson
- Department of Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology , Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Chemistry, Materials and Surfaces, SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden , Box 5607, SE-114 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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110
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Ling EJY, Uong V, Renault-Crispo JS, Kietzig AM, Servio P. Reducing Ice Adhesion on Nonsmooth Metallic Surfaces: Wettability and Topography Effects. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:8789-800. [PMID: 26953827 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The effects of ice formation and accretion on external surfaces range from being mildly annoying to potentially life-threatening. Ice-shedding materials, which lower the adhesion strength of ice to its surface, have recently received renewed research attention as a means to circumvent the problem of icing. In this work, we investigate how surface wettability and surface topography influence the ice adhesion strength on three different surfaces: (i) superhydrophobic laser-inscribed square pillars on copper, (ii) stainless steel 316 Dutch-weave meshes, and (iii) multiwalled carbon nanotube-covered steel meshes. The finest stainless steel mesh displayed the best performance with a 93% decrease in ice adhesion relative to polished stainless steel, while the superhydrophobic square pillars exhibited an increase in ice adhesion by up to 67% relative to polished copper. Comparisons of dynamic contact angles revealed little correlation between surface wettability and ice adhesion. On the other hand, by considering the ice formation process and the fracture mechanics at the ice-substrate interface, we found that two competing mechanisms governing ice adhesion strength arise on nonplanar surfaces: (i) mechanical interlocking of the ice within the surface features that enhances adhesion, and (ii) formation of microcracks that act as interfacial stress concentrators, which reduce adhesion. Our analysis provides insight toward new approaches for the design of ice-releasing materials through the use of surface topographies that promote interfacial crack propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Jee Yang Ling
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University , 3610 University Street, Montréal, Québec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Victor Uong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University , 3610 University Street, Montréal, Québec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | | | - Anne-Marie Kietzig
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University , 3610 University Street, Montréal, Québec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Phillip Servio
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University , 3610 University Street, Montréal, Québec H3A 0C5, Canada
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111
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Golovin K, Kobaku SPR, Lee DH, DiLoreto ET, Mabry JM, Tuteja A. Designing durable icephobic surfaces. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1501496. [PMID: 26998520 PMCID: PMC4795665 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1501496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Ice accretion has a negative impact on critical infrastructure, as well as a range of commercial and residential activities. Icephobic surfaces are defined by an ice adhesion strength τice < 100 kPa. However, the passive removal of ice requires much lower values of τice, such as on airplane wings or power lines (τice < 20 kPa). Such low τice values are scarcely reported, and robust coatings that maintain these low values have not been reported previously. We show that, irrespective of material chemistry, by tailoring the cross-link density of different elastomeric coatings and by enabling interfacial slippage, it is possible to systematically design coatings with extremely low ice adhesion (τice < 0.2 kPa). These newfound mechanisms allow for the rational design of icephobic coatings with virtually any desired ice adhesion strength. By using these mechanisms, we fabricate extremely durable coatings that maintain τice < 10 kPa after severe mechanical abrasion, acid/base exposure, 100 icing/deicing cycles, thermal cycling, accelerated corrosion, and exposure to Michigan wintery conditions over several months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Golovin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sai P. R. Kobaku
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Duck Hyun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Edward T. DiLoreto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Joseph M. Mabry
- Rocket Propulsion Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Edwards Air Force Base, CA 93524, USA
| | - Anish Tuteja
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Corresponding author. E-mail:
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112
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Sojoudi H, Wang M, Boscher ND, McKinley GH, Gleason KK. Durable and scalable icephobic surfaces: similarities and distinctions from superhydrophobic surfaces. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:1938-1963. [PMID: 26757856 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02295a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Formation, adhesion, and accumulation of ice, snow, frost, glaze, rime, or their mixtures can cause severe problems for solar panels, wind turbines, aircrafts, heat pumps, power lines, telecommunication equipment, and submarines. These problems can decrease efficiency in power generation, increase energy consumption, result in mechanical and/or electrical failure, and generate safety hazards. To address these issues, the fundamentals of interfaces between liquids and surfaces at low temperatures have been extensively studied. This has lead to development of so called "icephobic" surfaces, which possess a number of overlapping, yet distinctive, characteristics from superhydrophobic surfaces. Less attention has been given to distinguishing differences between formation and adhesion of ice, snow, glaze, rime, and frost or to developing a clear definition for icephobic, or more correctly pagophobic, surfaces. In this review, we strive to clarify these differences and distinctions, while providing a comprehensive definition of icephobicity. We classify different canonical families of icephobic (pagophobic) surfaces providing a review of those with potential for scalable and robust development.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sojoudi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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113
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114
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Pant R, Roy PK, Nagarajan AK, Khare K. Slipperiness and stability of hydrophilic surfaces coated with a lubricating fluid. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra23140j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stable slippery lubricating-fluid-coated surfaces on smooth hydrophilic silicon surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reeta Pant
- Department of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | - Pritam Kumar Roy
- Department of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | | | - Krishnacharya Khare
- Department of Physics
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
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115
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Liu B, Zhang K, Tao C, Zhao Y, Li X, Zhu K, Yuan X. Strategies for anti-icing: low surface energy or liquid-infused? RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11383d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent progress on the preparation and surface characteristics of polymeric anti-icing coatings from low surface energy or liquid-infused slippery surfaces is reviewed and illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Kaiqiang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Chao Tao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Yunhui Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Kongying Zhu
- Analysis and Measurement Center
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Xiaoyan Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
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116
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Sun J, Bao B, He M, Zhou H, Song Y. Recent Advances in Controlling the Depositing Morphologies of Inkjet Droplets. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:28086-99. [PMID: 26642390 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b07006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Inkjet printing has been widely used in functional material patterning for fabrication of optical/electrical devices. The depositing morphologies of inkjet droplets are critical to the resolution and performance of resulted functional patterns. This review summarizes various strategies to control the depositing morphologies of inkjet droplets, including suppressing and utilizing coffee-ring effect, employing liquid substrates, developing patterned substrates and controlling droplets coalescence. Moreover, the remaining challenges in controlling inkjet droplets are presented, and the broad research and application prospects of controlling nanomaterial patterning by inkjet printing are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhen Sun
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University , Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bin Bao
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Min He
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Haihua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yanlin Song
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University , Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
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117
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Chanda J, Ionov L, Kirillova A, Synytska A. New insight into icing and de-icing properties of hydrophobic and hydrophilic structured surfaces based on core-shell particles. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:9126-9134. [PMID: 26411650 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02143j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Icing is an important problem, which often leads to emergency situations in northern countries. The reduction of icing requires a detailed understanding of this process. In this work, we report on a systematic investigation of the effects of geometry and chemical properties of surfaces on the formation of an ice layer, its properties, and thawing. We compare in detail icing and ice thawing on flat and rough hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. We also show advantages and disadvantages of the surfaces of each kind. We demonstrate that water condenses in a liquid form, leading to the formation of a thin continuous water layer on a hydrophilic surface. Meanwhile, separated rounded water droplets are formed on hydrophobic surfaces. As a result of slower heat exchange, the freezing of rounded water droplets on a hydrophobic surface occurs later than the freezing of the continuous water layer on a hydrophilic one. Moreover, growth of ice on hydrophobic surfaces is slower than on the hydrophilic ones, because ice grows due to the condensation of water vapor on already formed ice crystals, and not due to the condensation on the polymer surface. Rough hydrophobic surfaces also demonstrate a very low ice adhesion value, which is because of the reduced contact area with ice. The main disadvantage of hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces is the pinning of water droplets on them after thawing. Flat hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol)-modified surfaces also exhibit very low ice adhesion, which is due to the very low freezing point of the water-poly(ethylene glycol) mixtures. Water easily leaves from flat hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol)-modified surfaces, and they quickly become dry. However, the ice growth rate on poly(ethylene glycol)-modified hydrophilic surfaces is the highest. These results indicate that neither purely (super)hydrophobic polymeric surfaces, nor "antifreeze" hydrophilic ones provide an ideal solution to the problem of icing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagannath Chanda
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research e.V. Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany and Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Leonid Ionov
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research e.V. Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany and Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Alina Kirillova
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research e.V. Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany and Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Alla Synytska
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research e.V. Dresden, Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany and Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
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118
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Zhu L, Hu X, Xiong J, Shentu B, Weng Z. Synthesis of fluorinated polyester used for hydrophobic coating: Influence of fluoroalkyl group length on enrichment behavior. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1560090415070076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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119
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Ozbay S, Yuceel C, Erbil HY. Improved Icephobic Properties on Surfaces with a Hydrophilic Lubricating Liquid. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:22067-22077. [PMID: 26375386 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b07265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces were developed recently for icephobic surface applications. Perfluorinated liquids, silicone oil, hydrocarbon, and water were used as lubricating liquids to form a continuous layer on a suitable substrate to prevent icing. However, ice accretion performances of these surfaces have not been reported previously depending on the type of the lubricant. In this work, fluorinated aliphatics, polyalphaolefin, silicone oil, and decamethylcyclopenta siloxane were used as hydrophobic lubricants; water, ethylene glycol, formamide, and water-glycerine mixture were used as hydrophilic lubricants to be impregnated by hydrophobic polypropylene and hydrophilic cellulose-based filter paper surfaces; ice accretion, drop freezing delay time, and ice adhesion strength properties of these surfaces were examined; and the results were compared to those of the reference surfaces such as aluminum, copper, polypropylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene. An ice accretion test method was also developed to investigate the increase of the mass of formed ice gravimetrically by spraying supercooled water onto these surfaces at different subzero temperatures ranging between -1 and -5 °C. It was determined that hydrophilic solvents (especially a water-glycerine mixture) that impregnated hydrophilic porous surfaces would be a promising candidate for anti-icing applications at -2 °C and 56-83% relative humidity because ice accretion and ice adhesion strength properties of these surface decreased simultaneously in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salih Ozbay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Gebze Technical University , Gebze 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Yuceel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Gebze Technical University , Gebze 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - H Yildirim Erbil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Gebze Technical University , Gebze 41400, Kocaeli, Turkey
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120
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Shen Y, Tao J, Tao H, Chen S, Pan L, Wang T. Anti-icing potential of superhydrophobic Ti6Al4V surfaces: ice nucleation and growth. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:10799-10806. [PMID: 26367109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of the icing-delay performance and ice adhesion strength, the anti-icing potential of the superhydrophobic surface has been well-investigated in the past few years. The present work mainly emphasized the investigations of ice nucleation and growth to fully explore the anti-icing potential of the superhydrophobic surface. We took the various surfaces ranging from hydrophilic to superhydrophobic as the research objects and, combining the classical nucleation theory, discussed the ice nucleation behaviors of the water droplets on these sample surfaces under the condition of supercooling. Meanwhile, the macroscopical growth processes of ice on these surfaces were analyzed on the basis of the growth mechanism of the ice nucleus. It was found that the superhydrophobic surface could greatly reduce the solid-liquid interface nucleation rate, owing to the extremely low actual solid-liquid contact area caused by the composite micro-nanoscale hierarchical structures trapping air pockets, leading to the bulk nucleation dominating the entire ice nucleation at the lower temperatures. Furthermore, ice on the superhydrophobic surface possessed a lower macroscopical growth velocity as a result of the less ice nucleation rate and the insulating action of the trapped air pockets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Shen
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Tao
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Tao
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanlong Chen
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Pan
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Material Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210016, People's Republic of China
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121
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Yao X, Wu S, Chen L, Ju J, Gu Z, Liu M, Wang J, Jiang L. Self-Replenishable Anti-Waxing Organogel Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:8975-9. [PMID: 26083324 PMCID: PMC5033071 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201503031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Solid deposition, such as the formation of ice on outdoor facilities, the deposition of scale in water reservoirs, the sedimentation of fat, oil, and grease (FOG) in sewer systems, and the precipitation of wax in petroleum pipelines, cause a serious waste of resources and irreversible environmental pollution. Inspired by fish and pitcher plants, we present a self‐replenishable organogel material which shows ultra‐low adhesion to solidified paraffin wax and crude oil by absorption of low‐molar‐mass oil from its crude‐oil environment. Adhesion of wax on the organogel surface was over 500 times lower than adhesion to conventional material surfaces and the wax was found to slide off under the force of gravity. This design concept of a gel with decreased adhesion to wax and oil can be extended to deal with other solid deposition problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 (P.R. China).,College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012 (P.R. China)
| | - Shuwang Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 (P.R. China)
| | - Lie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191 (P.R. China)
| | - Jie Ju
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 (P.R. China)
| | - Zhandong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191 (P.R. China)
| | - Mingjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191 (P.R. China)
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 (P.R. China).
| | - Lei Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 (P.R. China)
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122
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Yao X, Wu S, Chen L, Ju J, Gu Z, Liu M, Wang J, Jiang L. Self-Replenishable Anti-Waxing Organogel Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201503031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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123
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Schutzius TM, Jung S, Maitra T, Eberle P, Antonini C, Stamatopoulos C, Poulikakos D. Physics of icing and rational design of surfaces with extraordinary icephobicity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:4807-4821. [PMID: 25346213 DOI: 10.1021/la502586a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Icing of surfaces is commonplace in nature and technology, affecting everyday life and sometimes causing catastrophic events. Understanding (and counteracting) surface icing brings with it significant scientific challenges that requires interdisciplinary knowledge from diverse scientific fields such as nucleation thermodynamics and heat transfer, fluid dynamics, surface chemistry, and surface nanoengineering. Here we discuss key aspects and findings related to the physics of ice formation on surfaces and show how such knowledge could be employed to rationally develop surfaces with extreme resistance to icing (extraordinary icephobicity). Although superhydrophobic surfaces with micro-, nano-, or (often biomimetic) hierarchical roughnesses have shown in laboratory settings (under certain conditions) excellent repellency and low adhesion to water down to temperatures near or below the freezing point, extreme icephobicity necessitates additional important functionalities. Other approaches, such as lubricant-impregnated surfaces, exhibit both advantages and serious limitations with respect to icing. In all, a clear path toward passive surfaces with extreme resistance to ice formation remains a challenge, but it is one well worth undertaking. Equally important to potential applications is scalable surface manufacturing and the ability of icephobic surfaces to perform reliably and sustainably outside the laboratory under adverse conditions. Surfaces should possess mechanical and chemical stability, and they should be thermally resilient. Such issues and related research directions are also addressed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Schutzius
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Mechanical and Process Engineering Department, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Jung
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Mechanical and Process Engineering Department, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tanmoy Maitra
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Mechanical and Process Engineering Department, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patric Eberle
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Mechanical and Process Engineering Department, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Antonini
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Mechanical and Process Engineering Department, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christos Stamatopoulos
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Mechanical and Process Engineering Department, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dimos Poulikakos
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging Technologies, Mechanical and Process Engineering Department, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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124
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Zhang X, He J. Hydrogen-bonding-supported self-healing antifogging thin films. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9227. [PMID: 25784188 PMCID: PMC4363865 DOI: 10.1038/srep09227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Inspired by the repair of DNA through efficient reformation of hydrogen bonds (H-bonds), herein we report a facile one-step approach to construction of self-healing antifogging thin films on the basis of partly cross-linked poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) and poly(acrylic acid)(PAA). By designing the molar ratio of hydroxyl groups to carboxyl groups, the cross-linked polymer thin films maintain abundant free hydroxyl groups to present excellent antifogging property, which is derived from the hydrophilicity and hygroscopicity of the thin films. The thin films showed smart intrinsic self-healing characteristics towards wounds caused by external forces, which is attributed to sufficient free hydroxyl groups at the scratched interfaces to reform H-bonds across the interfaces and a sufficient chain mobility that is indispensable for chain diffusion across the interfaces and hydroxyl groups association to form H-bonds. No synthetic surfaces reported so far possess all the unique characteristics of the polymer thin films: intrinsic self-healing, long-term antifogging, excellent mechanical property, high transmittance and large-scale feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Zhang
- Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, Center for Micro/Nanomaterials and Technology and Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancundonglu 29, Haidianqu, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100864, China
| | - Junhui He
- Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, Center for Micro/Nanomaterials and Technology and Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongguancundonglu 29, Haidianqu, Beijing 100190, China
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125
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Li X, Zhang K, Zhao Y, Zhu K, Yuan X. Enhancement of icephobic properties based on UV-curable fluorosilicone copolymer films. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15920b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
UV-curable fluorosilicone triblock methacrylate copolymer films were prepared for icephobic applications. Water droplets could rebound from the film surfaces at −15 °C due to their high receding contact angles, avoiding ice accretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Kaiqiang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Yunhui Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Kongying Zhu
- Analysis and Measurement Center
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Xiaoyan Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
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126
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Hao Q, Pang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Feng J, Yao S. Mechanism of delayed frost growth on superhydrophobic surfaces with jumping condensates: more than interdrop freezing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:15416-15422. [PMID: 25466489 DOI: 10.1021/la504166x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Delayed frost growth on superhydrophobic surfaces (SHSs) with jumping condensates has been found by many researchers recently. However, the mechanism of this phenomenon has not been elucidated clearly. In this study, copper SHSs with or without jumping condensates were selected as the substrates for observing condensation icing at a relative humidity (RH) of 60%. The results showed that only SHS with jumping condensates showed delayed condensation icing. Moreover, when such SHSs were placed upward and the surface temperature was held at -10 °C, some discrete frozen drops first appeared on the SHSs. The following icing mainly occurred on these discrete global crystals and then expanded around them until covering the entire surface. Little macroscopic interdrop freezing phenomenon was found. The growth of the frost front is mainly dominated by jumping freezing (the condensed droplets jumped onto the ice crystals and were frozen) or direct vapor-ice deposition. Using microscopy, we found interdrop freezing occurred, in addition to the two mechanisms mentioned above. By placing the SHS downward at -10 °C and intentionally introducing or eliminating tiny dusts, we confirmed that there were no superhydrophobic defects on our SHSs. The discrete frozen drops first appearing on the SHSs were triggered by tiny dusts falling on the surface before or during condensation icing. The key approach in delaying or resisting frost growth on SHSs with jumping condensates is to retard initial ice crystal formation, e.g., eliminating the edge effect and keeping the SHSs clean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanyong Hao
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014, China
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127
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Fu Q, Wu X, Kumar D, Ho JWC, Kanhere PD, Srikanth N, Liu E, Wilson P, Chen Z. Development of sol-gel icephobic coatings: effect of surface roughness and surface energy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:20685-20692. [PMID: 25382856 DOI: 10.1021/am504348x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sol-gel coatings with different roughness and surface energy were prepared on glass substrates. Methyl triethoxysilane (MTEOS), 3-Glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GLYMO) and fluoroalkylsilane (FAS) were used to obtain a mechanically robust icephobic coating. Different amount of hydrophobic silica nano particles was added as fillers to introduce different roughness and surface energy to the coatings. The microstructure, roughness, and surface energy, together with elemental information and surface chemical state, were investigated at room temperature. The contact angle and sliding angle were measured at different temperatures to correlate the wetting behavior at low temperature with the anti-icing performance. The ice adhesion shear strength was measured inside an ice chamber using a self-designed tester. The factors influencing the ice adhesion were discussed, and the optimum anti-icing performance found in the series of coatings. It was found that lower surface energy leads to lower ice adhesion regardless of the roughness, while the roughness plays a more complicated role. The wetting behavior of the droplet on surface changes as temperature decreases. The anti-icing performance is closely related to the antiwetting property of the surfaces at subzero temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qitao Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and §School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University , 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798
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128
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Boinovich L, Emelyanenko AM. Role of water vapor desublimation in the adhesion of an iced droplet to a superhydrophobic surface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:12596-12601. [PMID: 25286023 DOI: 10.1021/la503447f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The study of the adhesion of solid and liquid aqueous phases to superhydrophobic surfaces has become an attractive topic for researchers in various fields as a vital step in the design of icephobic coatings. The analysis of the available results shows that the experimentally measured values of adhesion strength for superhydrophobic substrates, which in some cases are quite small, are still essentially higher than might be expected from the portion of the actual wetted area. In this study we have considered the peculiarities of the three-phase contact zone between sessile supercooled water or ice droplets and a superhydrophobic coating at negative temperatures (below 0 °C) and during the water-ice phase transition. Two types of superhydrophobic coatings with very different textures were used to analyze the evolution of shape parameters of a sessile water droplet during droplet cooling and freezing. It was shown that the evolution of the contact angle and droplet contact diameter of a water droplet deposited on a superhydrophobic surface does not undergo essential changes when the droplet is cooled simultaneously with the substrate and the surrounding environment, and the humidity is maintained close to 100% during the cooling process. However, the phase transition from supercooled water to ice droplets leads to the growth of a metastable iced meniscus and a frost halo in the vicinity of the three-phase contact zone. The meniscus effectively increases the area of adhesive contact between the droplet and the substrate. This phenomenon is intrinsically related to the release of the heat of crystallization and is responsible for the enhancement of adhesion to a superhydrophobic substrate upon droplet transition from supercooled water to ice. At the same time, it was shown that the metastable state of the above meniscus leads to its spontaneous sublimation during exposure at negative temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Boinovich
- A. N. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninsky Prospect 31, 119071 Moscow, Russia
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129
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He Y, Jiang C, Wang S, Hao Y, Xie J, Cao X, Tian W, Yuan W. Ice shear fracture on nanowires with different wetting states. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:18063-18071. [PMID: 25237730 DOI: 10.1021/am504940s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the function of nanoscale structure morphology in ice adhesion properties is important in deicing applications. The correlation between ice adhesion and nanowire morphology as well as the corresponding ice shear fracture mechanism are presented for the first time. Ice adhesion on nanowires was measured using a tangential ice-detaching instrument that was developed in-house. Stress analysis was performed using a COMSOL software. Nanowire surface shifted from Wenzel to Cassie transition and Cassie wetting states when the nanowire length was increased. Tangential ice-detaching forces were greater on the hydrophilic surface than those on the hydrophobic surface. Ice-ice internal shear fracture occurred on the ice and force probe contact area at the Wenzel state or on the ice and nanowire contact area at Cassie transition and Cassie state. Different lengths of nanowires caused different wetting states; thus, different fracture areas were formed, which resulted in different tangential ice-detaching forces. This paper presents a new way of tailoring surface ice adhesion via rational design of nanowire morphology with different wetting states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace, Ministry of Education and Shaan'xi Key provincial Laboratory of Micro and Nano Electromechanical Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, and ‡Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Ministry of Education and Shaan'xi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710072, P. R. China
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