101
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Ermelindo A, Gambino G, Tei L. Synthesis of a mixed carboxylate–phosphinate AAZTA-like ligand and relaxometric characterization of its GdIII complex. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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102
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Morgenstern B, Neis C, Zaschka A, Romba J, Weyhermüller T, Hegetschweiler K. Formation and base hydrolysis of oxidimethaneamine bridges in CoIII-amine complexes. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:12080-97. [PMID: 24088115 DOI: 10.1021/ic4019053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
cis-[CoL2](3+) (1a(3+)), trans-[CoL2](3+) (2a(3+)), cis-[Co(MeL)2](3+) (1b(3+)), and trans-[Co(MeL)2](3+) (2b(3+)), L = 1,4-diazepan-6-amine (daza) and MeL = 6-methyl-1,4-diazepan-6-amine (Medaza), were allowed to react as templates in acetonitrile with paraformaldehyde and triethylamine. Several Co(III) complexes, where two adjacent amino groups of two ligand moieties are interlinked by an oxidimethaneamine bridge, were obtained. Connection of a primary with a secondary amino group (prim-sec bridging) was found to be predominant. The singly and doubly bridged daza- and Medaza-derivatives 7a(3+), 9a(3+) and 7b(3+), 9b(3+) were characterized by crystal-structure analysis. The bridging process resulted in a slight lengthening of the mean Co-N distance, a red shift of the A1g-T1g transition, and an increase of the Co(III)/Co(II) reduction potential. Several minor components, which could be only partially separated by chromatographic methods, were also formed. The daza-derivatives 6a(3+) (prim-prim bridged) and 10a(3+) (bidentate coordination of one daza frame) formed in small quantities. The Medaza derivatives 3b(3+) and 4b(3+) (trans configuration of the Medaza frames, with additional pending carbinolamino groups), and 8b(3+) (with a methylideneimino group) represent intermediates of the condensation process. Their structure was again corroborated by X-ray diffraction. All bridged species (6a(3+), 7a(3+), 7b(3+), 8b(3+), 9a(3+), 9b(3+), and 10a(3+)) exhibited exclusively a cis orientation of the two diazepane frames, even if the trans configured 2a(3+) or 2b(3+) were used as starting materials. Molecular mechanics calculations indicate that in the bridged species with a trans configuration steric strain is substantially more pronounced. In alkaline aqueous media, 9a(3+) and 9b(3+) revealed a complete degradation of the bridges whereby the original 1a(3+) and 1b(3+) reformed. The pseudo-first-order rate constant k(obs) of the degradation reaction was found to depend linearly on OH(-) concentration. The degradation of the first bridge is about 100 times faster than the degradation of the second. The mechanism of formation and degradation of such oxidimethaneamine bridges is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Morgenstern
- Anorganische Chemie, Universität des Saarlandes , Postfach 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
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103
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Gambino G, De Pinto S, Tei L, Cassino C, Arena F, Gianolio E, Botta M. A new ditopic Gd(III) complex functionalized with an adamantyl moiety as a versatile building block for the preparation of supramolecular assemblies. J Biol Inorg Chem 2013; 19:133-43. [PMID: 24100595 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-013-1050-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A dimeric GdAAZTA-like complex (AAZTA is 6-amino-6-methylperhydro-1,4-diazepinetetraacetic acid) bearing an adamantyl group (Gd2L1) able to form strong supramolecular adducts with specific hosts such as β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), poly-β-CD, and human serum albumin (HSA) is reported. The relaxometric properties of Gd2L1 were investigated in aqueous solution by measuring the (1)H relaxivity as a function of pH, temperature, and magnetic field strength. The relaxivity of Gd2L1 (per Gd atom) at 40 MHz and 298 K is 17.6 mM(-1) s(-1), a value that remains almost constant at higher fields owing to the great compactness and rigidity of the bimetallic chelate, resulting in an ideal value for the rotational correlation time for high-field MRI applications (1.5-3.0 T). The noncovalent interaction of Gd2L1 with β-CD, poly-β-CD, and HSA and the relaxometric properties of the resulting host-guest adducts were investigated using (1)H relaxometric methods. Relaxivity enhancements of 29 and 108 % were found for Gd2L1-β-CD and Gd2L1-poly-β-CD, respectively. Binding of Gd2L1 to HSA (KA = 1.2 × 10(4) M(-1)) results in a remarkable relaxivity of 41.4 mM(-1) s(-1) for the bound form (+248 %). The relaxivity is only limited by the local rotation of the complex within the binding site, which decreases on passing from Gd2L1-β-CD to Gd2L1-HSA. Finally, the applicability of Gd2L1 as tumor-targeting agent through passive accumulation of the HSA-bound adduct was evaluated via acquisition of magnetic resonance images at 1 T of B16-tumor-bearing mice. These experiments indicate a considerable signal enhancement (+160 %) in tumor after 60 min from the injection and a very low hepatic accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gambino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Viale T. Michel 11, 15121, Alessandria, Italy
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104
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Artali R, Bombieri G, Giovenzana G, Galli M, Lattuada L, Meneghetti F. Preparation, crystallographic and theoretical study on a bifunctional Gd-AAZTA derivative as potential MRI contrast agent precursor. Inorganica Chim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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105
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Tircsó G, Garda Z, Kálmán FK, Baranyai Z, Pócsi I, Balla G, Tóth I. Lanthanide(III) complexes of some natural siderophores: A thermodynamic, kinetic and relaxometric study. J Inorg Biochem 2013; 127:53-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Revised: 06/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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106
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Gale EM, Kenton N, Caravan P. [Gd(CyPic3A)(H2O)2]-: a stable, bis(aquated) and high-relaxivity Gd(III) complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:8060-2. [PMID: 23903523 PMCID: PMC3791611 DOI: 10.1039/c3cc44116d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and MR relevant properties of CyPic3A, a heptadentate chelator that forms ternary Gd(III) complexes of hydration state q = 2. [Gd(CyPic3A)(H2O)2](-) affords an r1 value of 5.70 mM(-1) s(-1) at 1.41 T and 310 K and displays thermodynamic stability and kinetic inertness comparable to FDA approved MR imaging probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Gale
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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107
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Two multinuclear GdIII macrocyclic complexes as contrast agents with high relaxivity and stability using rigid linkers. Inorganica Chim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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108
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Avedano S, Botta M, Haigh JS, Longo D, Woods M. Coupling fast water exchange to slow molecular tumbling in Gd3+ chelates: why faster is not always better. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:8436-50. [PMID: 23841587 PMCID: PMC3769110 DOI: 10.1021/ic400308a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The influence of dynamics on solution state structure is a widely overlooked consideration in chemistry. Variations in Gd(3+) chelate hydration with changing coordination geometry and dissociative water exchange kinetics substantially impact the effectiveness (or relaxivity) of monohydrated Gd(3+) chelates as T1-shortening contrast agents for MRI. Theory shows that relaxivity is highly dependent upon the Gd(3+)-water proton distance (rGdH), and yet this distance is almost never considered as a variable in assessing the relaxivity of a Gd(3+) chelate as a potential contrast agent. The consequence of this omission can be seen when considering the relaxivity of isomeric Gd(3+) chelates that exhibit different dissociative water exchange kinetics. The results described herein show that the relaxivity of a chelate with "optimal" dissociative water exchange kinetics is actually lower than that of an isomeric chelate with "suboptimal" dissociative water exchange. When the rate of molecular tumbling of these chelates is slowed, an approach that has long been understood to increase relaxivity, the observed difference in relaxivity is increased with the more rapidly exchanging ("optimal") chelate exhibiting lower relaxivity than the "suboptimally" exchanging isomer. The difference between the chelates arises from a non-field-dependent parameter: either the hydration number (q) or rGdH. For solution state Gd(3+) chelates, changes in the values of q and rGdH are indistinguishable. These parametric expressions simply describe the hydration state of the chelate--i.e., the number and position of closely associating water molecules. The hydration state (q/rGdH(6)) of a chelate is intrinsically linked to its dissociative water exchange rate kex, and the interrelation of these parameters must be considered when examining the relaxivity of Gd(3+) chelates. The data presented herein indicate that the changes in the hydration parameter (q/rGdH(6)) associated with changing dissociative water exchange kinetics has a profound effect on relaxivity and suggest that achieving the highest relaxivities in monohydrated Gd(3+) chelates is more complicated than simply "optimizing" dissociative water exchange kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Avedano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Mauro Botta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Julian S. Haigh
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, 1719 SW 10th Ave, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Dario Longo
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie Molecolari e Scienze della Salute and Molecular Imaging Center, Università di Torino, Via Nizza 52, I-10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Mark Woods
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, 1719 SW 10th Ave, Portland, OR 97201, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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109
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Gambino G, Engelmann J, Tei L, Botta M, Logothetis NK, Mamedov I. Multimodal contrast agents for in vivo neuroanatomical analysis of monosynaptic connections. Biomaterials 2013; 34:7135-42. [PMID: 23790308 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We developed and examined the applicability of two multimodal paramagnetic contrast agents for the longitudinal in vivo investigations of the brain projections. The classical dextran based neuroanatomical tracer was conjugated with mono- and bimetal Gd(3+) complexes and an optical reporter. Relaxometric studies of both tracer molecules were performed in vitro followed by in cellulo MR and microscopy investigations. Finally, tracers were injected into the motor cortex of the rat brain; uptake and transporting properties were compared by MRI. The advantage of the multimodal approach was taken and histological studies were performed on the same animals. The histology results confirm the MRI studies demonstrating that the applied tracers labelled anterogradely the regions known for their connections with the motor cortex of the rat brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Gambino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
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110
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Polasek M, Caravan P. Is macrocycle a synonym for kinetic inertness in Gd(III) Complexes? Effect of coordinating and noncoordinating substituents on inertness and relaxivity of Gd(III) chelates with DO3A-like ligands. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:4084-96. [PMID: 23517079 PMCID: PMC3640422 DOI: 10.1021/ic400227k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Gadolinium chelates with octadentate ligands are widely used as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), with macrocyclic ligands based on DO3A being preferred for the high kinetic inertness of their Gd chelates. A major challenge in the design of new bifunctional MRI probes is the need to control the rotational motion of the chelate, which greatly affects its relaxivity. In this work we explored facile alkylation of a secondary amine in macrocyclic DO3A-like ligands to create a short, achiral linkage to limit the undesired internal motion of chelates within larger molecular constructs. The acetate moiety on the trans nitrogen was also replaced with either a bidentate (ethoxyacetate, L1 or methyl picolinate, L2) or bulky monodentate (methyl phosphonate, L3) donor arm to give octa- or heptadentate ligands, respectively. The resultant Gd(III) complexes were all monohydrated (q = 1) and exhibited water residency times that spanned 2 orders of magnitude (τM = 2190 ± 170, 3500 ± 90, and 12.7 ± 3.8 ns at 37 °C for GdL1, GdL2, and GdL3, respectively). Alkylation of the secondary amine with a noncoordinating biphenyl moiety resulted in coordinatively saturated q = 0 complexes of octadentate ligands L1 and L2. Relaxivities were limited by slow water exchange and/or lack of water coligand. All complexes showed decreased inertness compared to [Gd(DO3A)] despite higher ligand denticity, and inertness was further decreased upon N-alkylation. These results demonstrate that high kinetic inertness and in vivo safety of Gd chelates with macrocyclic ligands should not be generalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miloslav Polasek
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 Thirteenth Street, Suite 2301, Charlestown, MA 02129
| | - Peter Caravan
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 Thirteenth Street, Suite 2301, Charlestown, MA 02129
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111
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Goswami LN, Ma L, Chakravarty S, Cai Q, Jalisatgi SS, Hawthorne MF. Discrete nanomolecular polyhedral borane scaffold supporting multiple gadolinium(III) complexes as a high performance MRI contrast agent. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:1694-700. [PMID: 23126285 PMCID: PMC3577990 DOI: 10.1021/ic3017613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An icosahedral closo-B(12)(2-) scaffold supports 12 copies of Gd(3+)-chelate held in close proximity with each other by suitable linkers which employ azide-alkyne click chemistry. This design is the first member of a new class of polyfunctional MRI contrast agents carrying a high payload of Gd(3+)-chelate in a sterically constrained configuration. The resulting contrast agent shows higher relaxivity values at high magnetic fields. MRI contrast agents currently in use are not as effective in this regard, presumably due to a lack of steric constraint of gadolinium centers and lower water exchange rates. In vivo MRI studies in mice show excellent contrast enhancement even at one-seventh of the safe clinical dose (0.04 mmol Gd/kg) for up to a 1 h exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit N. Goswami
- International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-3450
| | - Lixin Ma
- International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-3450
| | - Shatadru Chakravarty
- International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-3450
| | - Quanyu Cai
- International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-3450
| | - Satish S. Jalisatgi
- International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-3450
| | - M. Frederick Hawthorne
- International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-3450
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112
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Sherry AD, Wu Y. The importance of water exchange rates in the design of responsive agents for MRI. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2013; 17:167-74. [PMID: 23333571 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The rate of water exchange in lanthanide complexes is often overlooked as an important parameter in the design of responsive MR imaging agents. Most often, the number of inner-sphere water coordination sites or the rotational mobility of the complex is considered as the central theme while water exchange is either assumed to be "fast enough" or entirely ignored. On the contrary, relaxation and shift theories predict that water exchange rates may indeed be the key parameter one should consider in any new molecular design. In this short review, the impact of water exchange rates on three classes of lanthanide-based MRI contrast agents, T₁-based relaxation agents, T₂ exchange line-broadening agents and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) agents, is illustrated and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Dean Sherry
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, United States.
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113
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Parker D, Waldron BP. Conformational analysis and synthetic approaches to polydentate perhydro-diazepine ligands for the complexation of gallium(iii). Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:2827-38. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40287h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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114
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Parker D, Waldron BP, Yufit DS. Crystallographic and solution NMR structural analyses of four hexacoordinated gallium(iii) complexes based on ligands derived from 6-amino-perhydro-1,4-diazepine. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:8001-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt50287b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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115
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Waldron BP, Parker D, Burchardt C, Yufit DS, Zimny M, Roesch F. Structure and stability of hexadentate complexes of ligands based on AAZTA for efficient PET labelling with gallium-68. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:579-81. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc37544c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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116
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Baranyai Z, Uggeri F, Maiocchi A, Giovenzana GB, Cavallotti C, Takács A, Tóth I, Bányai I, Bényei A, Brucher E, Aime S. Equilibrium, Kinetic and Structural Studies of AAZTA Complexes with Ga3+, In3+and Cu2+. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201201108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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117
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Boros E, Polasek M, Zhang Z, Caravan P. Gd(DOTAla): a single amino acid Gd-complex as a modular tool for high relaxivity MR contrast agent development. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:19858-68. [PMID: 23157602 DOI: 10.1021/ja309187m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
MR imaging at high magnetic fields benefits from an increased signal-to-noise ratio; however T(1)-based MR contrast agents show decreasing relaxivity (r(1)) at higher fields. High field, high relaxivity contrast agents can be designed by carefully controlling the rotational dynamics of the molecule. To this end, we investigated applications of the alanine analogue of Gd(DOTA), Gd(DOTAla). Fmoc-protected DOTAla suitable for solid phase peptide synthesis was synthesized and integrated into polypeptide structures. Gd(III) coordination results in very rigid attachment of the metal chelate to the peptide backbone through both the amino acid side chain and coordination of the amide carbonyl. Linear and cyclic monomers (GdL1, GdC1), dimers (Gd(2)L2, Gd(2)C2), and trimers (Gd(3)L3, Gd(3)C3) were prepared and relaxivities were determined at different field strengths ranging from 0.47 to 11.7 T. Amide carbonyl coordination was indirectly confirmed by determination of the hydration number q for the EuL1 integrated into a peptide backbone, q = 0.96 ± 0.09. The water residency time of GdL1 at 37 °C was optimal for relaxivity, τ(M) = 17 ± 2 ns. Increased molecular size leads to increased per Gd relaxivity (from r(1) = 7.5 for GdL1 to 12.9 mM(-1) s(-1) for Gd(3)L3 at 1.4 T, 37 °C). The cyclic, multimeric derivatives exhibited slightly higher relaxivities than the corresponding linearized multimers (Gd(2)C2: r(1) = 10.5 mM(-1) s(-1) versus Gd(2)C2-red r(1) = 9 mM(-1) s(-1) at 1.4 T, 37 °C). Overall, all six synthesized Gd complexes had higher relaxivities at low, intermediate, and high fields than the clinically used small molecule contrast agent [Gd(HP-DO3A)(H(2)O)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Boros
- The Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 Thirteenth Street, Suite 2301, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
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118
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Geninatti Crich S, Alberti D, Orio L, Stefania R, Longo D, Aime S. Lipid-Based Nanoparticles in Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING REPORTS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12410-012-9180-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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119
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Manus LM, Strauch RC, Hung AH, Eckermann AL, Meade TJ. Analytical methods for characterizing magnetic resonance probes. Anal Chem 2012; 84:6278-87. [PMID: 22624599 PMCID: PMC3418482 DOI: 10.1021/ac300527z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of Gd(III) contrast agents in magnetic resonance image enhancement is governed by a set of tunable structural parameters. Understanding and measuring these parameters requires specific analytical techniques. This Feature describes strategies to optimize each of the critical Gd(III) relaxation parameters for molecular imaging applications and the methods employed for their evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M. Manus
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Renee C. Strauch
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Andy H. Hung
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Amanda L. Eckermann
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Thomas J. Meade
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Biosciences, Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Radiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
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120
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Baranyai Z, Botta M, Fekete M, Giovenzana GB, Negri R, Tei L, Platas-Iglesias C. Lower ligand denticity leading to improved thermodynamic and kinetic stability of the Gd3+ complex: the strange case of OBETA. Chemistry 2012; 18:7680-5. [PMID: 22615142 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBETA, OBETA, you bet: Thermodynamic and kinetic measurements show an apparent paradox. The stability of complexes of lanthanide trivalent ions is higher with the heptadentate ligand OBETA (ethylene glycol-bis(2-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid) than with its octadentate homologue EGTA (2,2'-oxybis(ethylamine)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid). The unusual properties of Gd(OBETA)(-) (see structure), combined with the presence of two fast exchanging coordinated water molecules, candidates this complex as an MRI contrast agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Baranyai
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, H-4010, Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1., Hungary
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121
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Manzoni L, Belvisi L, Arosio D, Bartolomeo MP, Bianchi A, Brioschi C, Buonsanti F, Cabella C, Casagrande C, Civera M, De Matteo M, Fugazza L, Lattuada L, Maisano F, Miragoli L, Neira C, Pilkington-Miksa M, Scolastico C. Synthesis of Gd and68Ga Complexes in Conjugation with a Conformationally Optimized RGD Sequence as Potential MRI and PET Tumor-Imaging Probes. ChemMedChem 2012; 7:1084-93. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201200043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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122
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Botta M, Tei L. Relaxivity Enhancement in Macromolecular and Nanosized GdIII-Based MRI Contrast Agents. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201101305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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123
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Bonnet CS, Tóth É. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents. Supramol Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470661345.smc104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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124
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Baranyai Z, Tei L, Giovenzana GB, Kálmán FK, Botta M. Equilibrium and NMR Relaxometric Studies on the s-Triazine-Based Heptadentate Ligand PTDITA Showing High Selectivity for Gd3+ Ions. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:2597-607. [DOI: 10.1021/ic202559h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Baranyai
- Department of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, H-4010, Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - Lorenzo Tei
- Dipartimento di Scienze
e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Giovanni B. Giovenzana
- Dipartimento di
Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Largo Donegani 2/3, I-28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Ferenc K. Kálmán
- Department of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, H-4010, Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - Mauro Botta
- Dipartimento di Scienze
e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, I-15121 Alessandria, Italy
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125
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Forgács A, Giovenzana GB, Botta M, Brücher E, Tóth I, Baranyai Z. Influence of
gem
‐Dimethyl Substitution on the Stability, Kinetics and Relaxometric Properties of PDTA Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201101294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Attila Forgács
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4010 Debrecen, Hungary, Fax: +36‐52‐518‐660
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DISAV), Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Giovanni B. Giovenzana
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Alimentari, Farmaceutiche e Farmacologiche (DiSCAFF), Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Via Bovio 6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Mauro Botta
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DISAV), Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Ernő Brücher
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4010 Debrecen, Hungary, Fax: +36‐52‐518‐660
| | - Imre Tóth
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4010 Debrecen, Hungary, Fax: +36‐52‐518‐660
| | - Zsolt Baranyai
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, 4010 Debrecen, Hungary, Fax: +36‐52‐518‐660
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126
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Giovenzana GB, Negri R, Rolla GA, Tei L. Gd-Aminoethyl-DO3A Complexes: A Novel Class of pH-Sensitive MRI Contrast Agents. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201101296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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127
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Martinelli J, Gugliotta G, Tei L. Synthesis of 6-Substituted 6-Nitroperhydro-1,4-diazepines via Novel Tandem Retro-Henry and Mannich/Michael Reactions. Org Lett 2012; 14:716-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ol203101s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Martinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gugliotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Tei
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
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128
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Nonat AM, Gateau C, Fries PH, Helm L, Mazzanti M. New Bisaqua Picolinate-Based Gadolinium Complexes as MRI Contrast Agents with Substantial High-Field Relaxivities. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201101162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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129
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Yang CT, Chuang KH. Gd(iii) chelates for MRI contrast agents: from high relaxivity to “smart”, from blood pool to blood–brain barrier permeable. MEDCHEMCOMM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2md00279e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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130
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Rey NA, Neves A, Bortoluzzi AJ, Haase W, Tomkowicz Z. Doubly phenoxo–hydroxo-bridged dicopper(ii) complexes: individual contributions of the bridges to antiferromagnetic coupling based on two related biomimetic models for catechol oxidases. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:7196-200. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30419h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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131
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Mamedov I, Engelmann J, Eschenko O, Beyerlein M, Logothetis NK. Dual-functional probes towards in vivo studies of brain connectivity and plasticity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:2755-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc15991g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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132
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Frullano L, Caravan P. Strategies for the preparation of bifunctional gadolinium(III) chelators. Curr Org Synth 2011; 8:535-565. [PMID: 22375102 DOI: 10.2174/157017911796117250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The development of gadolinium chelators that can be easily and readily linked to various substrates is of primary importance for the development high relaxation efficiency and/or targeted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Over the last 25 years a large number of bifunctional chelators have been prepared. For the most part, these compounds are based on ligands that are already used in clinically approved contrast agents. More recently, new bifunctional chelators have been reported based on complexes that show a more potent relaxation effect, faster complexation kinetics and in some cases simpler synthetic procedures. This review provides an overview of the synthetic strategies used for the preparation of bifunctional chelators for MRI applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Frullano
- Case Western Reserve University. 11100 Euclid Ave Cleveland, OH 44106
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133
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Verwilst P, Eliseeva SV, Carron S, Vander Elst L, Burtea C, Dehaen G, Laurent S, Binnemans K, Muller RN, Parac-Vogt TN, De Borggraeve WM. A Modular Approach towards the Synthesis of Target-Specific MRI Contrast Agents. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201100575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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134
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Optimization of gadolinium-based MRI contrast agents for high magnetic-field applications. Future Med Chem 2011; 2:385-96. [PMID: 21426173 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.09.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for higher spatial resolution and better sensitivity stimulates the development of high-field (3 T) and ultrahigh field (>3 T) MRI scanners. Gadolinium-based MRI contrast agents, commercial ones used in clinics, as well as recently developed more efficient ones, become less and less effective as the magnetic field is increased above 3 T and, therefore, special contrast agents for ultrahigh-field MRI have to be developed. As the relaxivity, defined as relaxation enhancement per Gd-ion, is rather limited, marked boosts in performance can only be achieved by creating systems transporting many paramagnetic centers to the desired site. To obtain maximum efficiency gadolinium chelates with more than one water molecule in the first coordination sphere must be used. The rotational correlation time should be in the range of 0.5-1 ns and the residence time of first sphere water molecules should be short (<10 ns).
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135
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Improved paramagnetic liposomes for MRI visualization of pH triggered release. J Control Release 2011; 154:196-202. [PMID: 21621569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This work aims at assessing the in vitro potential of paramagnetic pH sensitive liposomes as imaging tools for visualizing drug-delivery and release processes by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). pH sensitive liposomes (pSLs) were formulated using the fusogenic phospholipid 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (POPE), the membrane stabilizer D-α-tocopherol-hemisuccinate (THS), and were loaded with several paramagnetic complexes including the clinically approved Gadoteridol (marketed as ProHance™). The proposed formulation allows the fast and full release of Gadoteridol at pH 5.5. The leakage of the imaging reporter from the vesicles was associated with a relaxivity enhancement that allowed its visualization by MRI. It was observed that the release mechanism implies the protonation of the THS basic sites that leads to vesicle aggregation, thus enabling the expression of the fusogenic property of POPE. Attempts for improving the MRI properties of pSLs were pursued through the encapsulation of imaging agents with higher relaxivity than Gadoteridol, but it was observed that the release kinetic can be significantly affected by the probe size. Aiming at preparing stealth pSLs, PEG chains were conjugated to the external surface of the vesicles via cleavable disulphide bridges. Such nanomedicines do not release their content at acidic pH as long as the coating polymer is not removed from the surface. The results obtained suggest that the liposomal formulation investigated in this work has the potential for visualizing drug-delivery and release processes by in vivo MRI preclinical studies.
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136
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Giovenzana GB, Imperio D, Lattuada L, Uggeri F. Stevens rearrangement as a tool for the structural modification of polyaminopolycarboxylic ligands. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:679-81. [PMID: 21249235 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00909a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyaminopolycarboxylic acids are a well known class of ligands employed for metal ion complexation. Despite the large commercial availability, reports of their use as substrates for direct structural modifications are rare. Herein we report a simple and efficient protocol for the preparation of substituted polyaminopolycarboxylic ligands relying on a one-pot N-alkylation-Stevens rearrangement cascade.
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137
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Martinelli J, Fekete M, Tei L, Botta M. Cleavable β-cyclodextrin nanocapsules incorporating Gd(III)-chelates as bioresponsive MRI probes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:3144-6. [PMID: 21270985 DOI: 10.1039/c0cc05428c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Perthiolated β-cyclodextrin-based nanocapsules incorporating diaquo Gd(III)-complexes represent a promising new type of bioresponsive MRI contrast agent, showing a pronounced relaxivity change upon degradation in a reducing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Martinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università del Piemonte Orientale Amedeo Avogadro, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
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138
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Tei L, Gugliotta G, Fekete M, Kálmán FK, Botta M. Mn(ii) complexes of novel hexadentate AAZTA-like chelators: a solution thermodynamics and relaxometric study. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:2025-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01114b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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139
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Dastrù W, Longo D, Aime S. Contrast agents and mechanisms. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2011; 8:e109-e115. [PMID: 24990259 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2011.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
MRI contrast agents are routinely used in clinical settings. Important advances in their design have been attained in the past few years to overcome sensitivity issues and to make possible molecular imaging applications by means of this modality. Besides the sensitivity enhancement of paramagnetic relaxation probes, outstanding results have been obtained in the development of novel classes of frequency-encoding agents such as chemical exchange saturation transfer and hyperpolarized (13)C-enriched molecules.:
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Dastrù
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Fisica e dei Materiali, Centro di Imaging Molecolare, via Nizza, 52-10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Dario Longo
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Fisica e dei Materiali, Centro di Imaging Molecolare, via Nizza, 52-10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Silvio Aime
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica, Fisica e dei Materiali, Centro di Imaging Molecolare, via Nizza, 52-10126 Torino, Italy.
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140
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Lattuada L, Barge A, Cravotto G, Giovenzana GB, Tei L. The synthesis and application of polyamino polycarboxylic bifunctional chelating agents. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 40:3019-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cs00199f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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141
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Neis C, Petry D, Demangeon A, Morgenstern B, Kuppert D, Huppert J, Stucky S, Hegetschweiler K. Facially Coordinating Triamine Ligands with a Cyclic Backbone: Some Structure−Stability Correlations. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:10092-107. [PMID: 20925419 DOI: 10.1021/ic101360d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Neis
- Anorganische Chemie, Universität des Saarlandes, Postfach 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - David Petry
- Anorganische Chemie, Universität des Saarlandes, Postfach 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alexandre Demangeon
- Anorganische Chemie, Universität des Saarlandes, Postfach 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Bernd Morgenstern
- Anorganische Chemie, Universität des Saarlandes, Postfach 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Dirk Kuppert
- Anorganische Chemie, Universität des Saarlandes, Postfach 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jochen Huppert
- Anorganische Chemie, Universität des Saarlandes, Postfach 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Stefan Stucky
- Anorganische Chemie, Universität des Saarlandes, Postfach 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Kaspar Hegetschweiler
- Anorganische Chemie, Universität des Saarlandes, Postfach 15 11 50, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany
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142
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Tircsó G, Benyó ET, Suh EH, Jurek P, Kiefer GE, Sherry AD, Kovács Z. (S)-5-(p-nitrobenzyl)-PCTA, a promising bifunctional ligand with advantageous metal ion complexation kinetics. Bioconjug Chem 2010; 20:565-75. [PMID: 19220012 DOI: 10.1021/bc8004914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A bifunctional version of PCTA (3,6,9,15-tetraazabicyclo[9.3.1]pentadeca-1(15),11,13-triene-3,6,9,-triacetic acid) that exhibits fast complexation kinetics with the trivalent lanthanide(III) ions was synthesized in reasonable yields starting from N,N',N''-tristosyl-(S)-2-(p-nitrobenzyl)-diethylenetriamine. pH-potentiometric studies showed that the basicities of p-nitrobenzyl-PCTA and the parent ligand PCTA were similar. The stability of M(NO(2)-Bn-PCTA) (M = Mg(2+), Ca(2+), Cu(2+), Zn(2+)) complexes was similar to that of the corresponding PCTA complexes, while the stability of Ln(3+) complexes of the bifunctional ligand is somewhat lower than that of PCTA chelates. The rate of complex formation of Ln(NO(2)-Bn-PCTA) complexes was found to be quite similar to that of PCTA, a ligand known to exhibit the fastest formation rates among all lanthanide macrocyclic ligand complexes studied to date. The acid-catalyzed decomplexation kinetic studies of the selected Ln(NO(2)-Bn-PCTA) complexes showed that the kinetic inertness of the complexes was comparable to that of Ln(DOTA) chelates making the bifunctional ligand NO(2)-Bn-PCTA suitable for labeling biological vectors with radioisotopes for nuclear medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyula Tircsó
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
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143
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Terreno E, Castelli DD, Viale A, Aime S. Challenges for molecular magnetic resonance imaging. Chem Rev 2010; 110:3019-42. [PMID: 20415475 DOI: 10.1021/cr100025t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 563] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Terreno
- Department of Chemistry IFM and Molecular Imaging Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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144
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Towards highly efficient, intelligent and bimodal imaging probes: Novel approaches provided by lanthanide coordination chemistry. CR CHIM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2010.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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145
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Gianolio E, Ramalingam K, Song B, Kalman F, Aime S, Swenson R. Improving the relaxivity by dimerizing Gd-AAZTA: Insights for enhancing the sensitivity of MRI contrast agents. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2010.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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146
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Sengar RS, Geib SJ, Nigam A, Wiener EC. Tri-tert-butyl 3-oxo-4-oxa-1,8,11-triazaspiro[5.6]dodecane-1,8,11-triacetate. Acta Crystallogr C 2010; 66:o174-5. [PMID: 20354302 DOI: 10.1107/s0108270109049361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The title compound, C(26)H(45)N(3)O(8), is a bicyclic molecule; the seven-membered diazepane ring has a twisted-chair conformation and the six-membered morpholine ring has a boat conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghvendra Singh Sengar
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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147
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Tallec G, Imbert D, Fries PH, Mazzanti M. Highly stable and soluble bis-aqua Gd, Nd, Yb complexes as potential bimodal MRI/NIR imaging agents. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:9490-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00994f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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148
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Imperio D, Giovenzana GB, Law GL, Parker D, Walton JW. Synthesis and comparative anion binding profiles of two di-aqua Eu(iii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:9897-903. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00773k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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149
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Gugliotta G, Botta M, Tei L. AAZTA-based bifunctional chelating agents for the synthesis of multimeric/dendrimeric MRI contrast agents. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:4569-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00096e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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150
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Tei L, Benzi M, Kielar F, Botta M, Cavallotti C, Giovenzana G, Aime S. Synthesis and Relaxometric Properties of Gadolinium(III) Complexes of New Triazine-Based Polydentate Ligands. Helv Chim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200900189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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