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Albuquerque C, Vanneschi L, Henriques R, Castelli M, Póvoa V, Fior R, Papanikolaou N. Object detection for automatic cancer cell counting in zebrafish xenografts. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260609. [PMID: 34843603 PMCID: PMC8629215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell counting is a frequent task in medical research studies. However, it is often performed manually; thus, it is time-consuming and prone to human error. Even so, cell counting automation can be challenging to achieve, especially when dealing with crowded scenes and overlapping cells, assuming different shapes and sizes. In this paper, we introduce a deep learning-based cell detection and quantification methodology to automate the cell counting process in the zebrafish xenograft cancer model, an innovative technique for studying tumor biology and for personalizing medicine. First, we implemented a fine-tuned architecture based on the Faster R-CNN using the Inception ResNet V2 feature extractor. Second, we performed several adjustments to optimize the process, paying attention to constraints such as the presence of overlapped cells, the high number of objects to detect, the heterogeneity of the cells' size and shape, and the small size of the data set. This method resulted in a median error of approximately 1% of the total number of cell units. These results demonstrate the potential of our novel approach for quantifying cells in poorly labeled images. Compared to traditional Faster R-CNN, our method improved the average precision from 71% to 85% on the studied data set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Albuquerque
- Nova Information Management School (NOVA IMS), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Leonardo Vanneschi
- Nova Information Management School (NOVA IMS), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Roberto Henriques
- Nova Information Management School (NOVA IMS), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mauro Castelli
- Nova Information Management School (NOVA IMS), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vanda Póvoa
- Computational Clinical Imaging Group, Center for the Unknown, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rita Fior
- Computational Clinical Imaging Group, Center for the Unknown, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nickolas Papanikolaou
- Computational Clinical Imaging Group, Center for the Unknown, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisboa, Portugal
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2
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Yang H, Xu W. STAT3 promotes peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer by enhancing mesothelial-mesenchymal transition. Biol Chem 2021; 402:739-748. [PMID: 33711213 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a widely-reported oncogene in many human cancers, but its role in the peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer (GC) has yet to be studied. The expression level of STAT3 in GC patient tissues was assessed. Stable shRNA knockdown (KD) of STAT3 was established in GC cell line AGS, followed by examination of its effect on AGC cell viability and proliferation, xenograft tumor growth, metastatic potential, mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (MMT)-related properties and peritoneal metastasis in a mouse model. The specific STAT3 inhibitor BP1-102 was also employed to verify findings from STAT3 KD experiments. Expression of activated STAT3 was upregulated in GC patient tumor tissues, and further elevated among patients diagnosed with peritoneal metastasis. STAT3 deactivation suppressed viability and proliferation of GC cells in vitro, as well as GC tumorigenesis in vivo. Furthermore, the metastatic properties and production of MMT-inducing factors of GC cells in vitro were also dependent on STAT3 activation. Importantly, STAT3 KD significantly compromised peritoneal metastasis of GC in vivo. STAT3 activation contributes to peritoneal metastasis of GC by promoting MMT, warranting further investigation to explore its potential for GC treatment, in particular among peritoneal metastasis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkui Yang
- Department of Oncology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248-252 Dong Road, Quanzhou362000, Fujian, China
| | - Wenjun Xu
- Department of Oncology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, No. 248-252 Dong Road, Quanzhou362000, Fujian, China
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3
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Mihara K, Matsuda S, Nakamura Y, Aiura K, Kuwahata A, Chikaki S, Sekino M, Kusakabe M, Suzuki S, Fuchimoto D, Onishi A, Kuramoto J, Kameyama K, Itano O, Yagi H, Abe Y, Kitago M, Shinoda M, Kitagawa Y. Intraoperative laparoscopic detection of sentinel lymph nodes with indocyanine green and superparamagnetic iron oxide in a swine gallbladder cancer model. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248531. [PMID: 33705492 PMCID: PMC7951925 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mapping of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) can enable less invasive surgery. However, mapping is challenging for cancers of difficult-to-access visceral organs, such as the gallbladder, because the standard method using radioisotopes (RIs) requires preoperative tracer injection. Indocyanine green (ICG) and superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) have also been used as alternative tracers. In this study, we modified a previously reported magnetic probe for laparoscopic use and evaluated the feasibility of detecting SLNs of the gallbladder using a laparoscopic dual tracer method by injecting ICG and SPIO into five swine and one cancer-bearing swine. The laparoscopic probe identified SPIO nanoparticles in the nodes of 4/5 swine in situ, the magnetic field counts were 2.5-15.9 μT, and fluorescence was detected in SLNs in all five swine. ICG showed a visual lymph flow map, and SPIO more accurately identified each SLN with a measurable magnetic field quite similar to the RI. We then developed an advanced gallbladder cancer model with lymph node metastasis using recombination activating gene 2-knockout swine. We identified an SLN in the laparoscopic investigation, and the magnetic field count was 3.5 μT. The SLN was histologically determined to be one of the two metastatic lymph nodes. In conclusion, detecting the SLNs of gallbladder cancer in situ using a dual tracer laparoscopic technique with ICG and SPIO was feasible in a swine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisyo Mihara
- Department of Surgery, Kawasaki Municipal Kawasaki Hospital, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Matsuda
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Aiura
- Department of Surgery, Kawasaki Municipal Kawasaki Hospital, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kuwahata
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Chikaki
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Sekino
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Moriaki Kusakabe
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Research Center for Food Safety, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Matrix Cell Research Institute, Inc., Ushiku, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shunichi Suzuki
- Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Daiichiro Fuchimoto
- Division of Animal Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akira Onishi
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science and Resources, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Junko Kuramoto
- Department of Pathology, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Kameyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Keio University Hospital, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Itano
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yagi
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Abe
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minoru Kitago
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shinoda
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
Ovarian cancer survival and the recurrence rate are drastically affected by the amount of tumor that can be surgically removed prior to chemotherapy. Surgeons are currently limited to visual inspection, making smaller tumors difficult to be removed surgically. Enhancing the surgeon's ability to selectively remove cancerous tissue would have a positive effect on a patient's prognosis. One approach to aid in surgical tumor removal involves using targeted fluorescent probes to selectively label cancerous tissue. To date, there has been a trade-off in balancing two requirements for the surgeon: the ability to see maximal tumors and the ability to identify these tumors by eye while performing the surgery. The ability to see maximal tumors has been prioritized and this has led to the use of fluorophores activated by near-infrared (NIR) light as NIR penetrates most deeply in this surgical setting, but the light emitted by traditional NIR fluorophores is invisible to the naked eye. This has necessitated the use of specialty detectors and monitors that the surgeon must consult while performing the surgery. In this study, we develop nanoparticles that selectively label ovarian tumors and are activated by NIR light but emit visible light. This potentially allows for maximal tumor observation and real-time detection by eye during surgery. We designed two generations of up-converting nanoparticles that emit green light when illuminated with NIR light. These particles specifically label ovarian tumors most likely via tumor-associated macrophages, which are prominent in the tumor microenvironment. Our results demonstrate that this approach is a viable means of visualizing tumors during surgery without the need for complicated, expensive, and bulky detection equipment. Continued improvement and experimentation could expand our approach into a much needed surgical technique to aid ovarian tumor removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B. Marotta
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California, 91125, United States
- Corresponding Author: Christopher B Marotta -Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California, 91125, United States, ()
| | - Tom Haber
- Department of Molecular Medicine at City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, California 91010, United States
| | - Jacob M. Berlin
- Department of Molecular Medicine at City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, California 91010, United States
| | - Robert H. Grubbs
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California, 91125, United States
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5
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Xu W, Cui P, Happonen E, Leppänen J, Liu L, Rantanen J, Majda D, Saukko A, Thapa R, Nissinen T, Tynkkynen T, Töyräs J, Fan L, Liu W, Lehto VP. Tailored Synthesis of PEGylated Bismuth Nanoparticles for X-ray Computed Tomography and Photothermal Therapy: One-Pot, Targeted Pyrolysis, and Self-Promotion. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:47233-47244. [PMID: 32970405 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Complex experimental design is a common problem in the preparation of theranostic nanoparticles, resulting in poor reaction control, expensive production cost, and low experiment success rate. The present study aims to develop PEGylated bismuth (PEG-Bi) nanoparticles with a precisely controlled one-pot approach, which contains only methoxy[(poly(ethylene glycol)]trimethoxy-silane (PEG-silane) and bismuth oxide (Bi2O3). A targeted pyrolysis of PEG-silane was achieved to realize its roles as both the reduction and PEGylation agents. The unwanted methoxy groups of PEG-silane were selectively pyrolyzed to form reductive agents, while the useful PEG-chain was fully preserved to enhance the biocompatibility of Bi nanoparticles. Moreover, Bi2O3 not only acted as the raw material of the Bi source but also presented a self-promotion in the production of Bi nanoparticles via catalyzing the pyrolysis of PEG-silane. The reaction mechanism was systematically validated with different methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The PEG-Bi nanoparticles showed better compatibility and photothermal conversion than those prepared by the complex multiple step approaches in literature studies. In addition, the PEG-Bi nanoparticles possessed prominent performance in X-ray computed tomography imaging and photothermal cancer therapy in vivo. The present study highlights the art of precise reaction control in the synthesis of PEGylated nanoparticles for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujun Xu
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pang Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, and Oncology Department of Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 169th Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032 Shaanxi, China
| | - Emilia Happonen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jukka Leppänen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lizhi Liu
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jimi Rantanen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Dorota Majda
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 2 Gronostajowa Street, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Annina Saukko
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rinez Thapa
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuomo Nissinen
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuulia Tynkkynen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juha Töyräs
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Li Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, and Oncology Department of Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 169th Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032 Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenchao Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, and Oncology Department of Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, 169th Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032 Shaanxi, China
| | - Vesa-Pekka Lehto
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
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6
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Jeevarathinam AS, Lemaster JE, Chen F, Zhao E, Jokerst JV. Photoacoustic Imaging Quantifies Drug Release from Nanocarriers via Redox Chemistry of Dye-Labeled Cargo. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4678-4683. [PMID: 31840357 PMCID: PMC7101078 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We report a new approach to monitor drug release from nanocarriers via a paclitaxel-methylene blue conjugate (PTX-MB) with redox activity. This construct is in a photoacoustically silent reduced state inside poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (PTX-MB@PLGA NPs). During release, PTX-MB is spontaneously oxidized to produce a concentration-dependent photoacoustic signal. An in vitro drug-release study showed an initial burst release (25 %) between 0-24 h and a sustained release between 24-120 h with a cumulative release of 40.6 % and a 670-fold increase in photoacoustic signal. An in vivo murine drug release showed a photoacoustic signal enhancement of up to 649 % after 10 hours. PTX-MB@PLGA NPs showed an IC50 of 78 μg mL-1 and 44.7±4.8 % decrease of tumor burden in an orthotopic model of colon cancer via luciferase-positive CT26 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeanne E. Lemaster
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Eric Zhao
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jesse V. Jokerst
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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7
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Wang Y, Li X, Chen P, Dong Y, Liang G, Yu Y. Enzyme-instructed self-aggregation of Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles for enhanced MRI T 2 imaging and photothermal therapy of tumors. Nanoscale 2020; 12:1886-1893. [PMID: 31904049 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09235h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles (NPs) can greatly enhance magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2-weighted imaging and near-infrared (NIR) absorption in experiments. In this study, an Ac-Arg-Val-Arg-Arg-Cys(StBu)-Lys-CBT probe was designed and coupled with monodispersed carboxyl-decorated SPIO NPs to form SPIO@1NPs, which use it for intracellular self-aggregation. In vitro experiments showed that the self-aggregation of SPIO@1NPs was induced by a condensation reaction mediated by the enzyme furin in furin-overexpressing tumor cells. Moreover, the NPs in the aggregated state showed significantly higher MR r2 values and photothermal conversion efficiency than the NPs in the monodisperse state. Then, the in vivo SPIO@1NP self-aggregation in tumors can facilitate accurate MRI T2 imaging-guided photothermal therapy for effectively killing cancer cells. We believe that this basic technique, based on tumor-specific enzyme-instructed intracellular self-aggregation of NPs, could be useful for the rational synthesis of other inorganic NPs for use in the fields of tumor diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaguang Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China.
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8
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Zhang J, Cui YX, Feng XN, Cheng M, Tang AN, Kong DM. pH-Controlled Intracellular in Situ Reversible Assembly of a Photothermal Agent for Smart Chemo-Photothermal Synergetic Therapy and ATP Imaging. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:39624-39632. [PMID: 31573175 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b14186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To advance anti-tumor efficiency and lessen the adverse effect caused by nanodrug residues in the body, a smart nanoagent system is developed and successfully used in intracellular ATP imaging and in vivo chemo-photothermal synergetic therapy. The nanoagent system is facilely prepared using a DNA complex to modify gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The DNA complex is formed by three oligonucleotides (ATP aptamer, rC-DNA, and rG-DNA). The CG-rich structure in a ternary DNA complex could be exploited for payload of chemotherapeutic medicine doxorubicin (DOX), thus making efficient DOX transport into the tumor site possible. In tumor cells, especially in acidic organelles (e.g., endosome and lysosome), DOX could be rapidly released via the dual stimuli of overexpressed ATP and pH. What is more, the specific recognition of a fluorescently labeled aptamer strand to ATP can achieve the intracellular ATP imaging. pH-controlled reversible folding and unfolding of intermolecular i-motif formed by C-rich strands can lead to intracellular in situ assembly of AuNP aggregates with high photothermal conversion efficiency and promote relatively facile renal clearance of AuNPs through the disassociation of the aggregates in extracellular environments. Experiments in vivo and vitro present feasibility for a synergetic chemo-photothermal therapy. Such an in situ reversible assembly strategy of a chemo-photothermal agent also presents a new paradigm for a smart and highly efficient disease treatment with reduced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
| | - Yun-Xi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
| | - Xue-Nan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
| | - Meng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
| | - An-Na Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
| | - De-Ming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry , Nankai University , Tianjin 300071 , P. R. China
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9
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Simeone K, Guay-Lord R, Lateef MA, Péant B, Kendall-Dupont J, Orimoto AM, Carmona E, Provencher D, Saad F, Gervais T, Mes-Masson AM. Paraffin-embedding lithography and micro-dissected tissue micro-arrays: tools for biological and pharmacological analysis of ex vivo solid tumors. Lab Chip 2019; 19:693-705. [PMID: 30671574 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00982a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need and strong clinical and pharmaceutical interest in developing assays that allow for the direct testing of therapeutic agents on primary tissues. Current technologies fail to provide the required sample longevity, throughput, and integration with standard clinically proven assays to make the approach viable. Here we report a microfluidic micro-histological platform that enables ex vivo culture of a large array of prostate and ovarian cancer micro-dissected tissue (MDT) followed by direct on-chip fixation and paraffination, a process we term paraffin-embedding lithography (PEL). The result is a high density MDT-Micro Array (MDTMA) compatible with standard clinical histopathology that can be used to analyse ex vivo tumor response or resistance to therapeutic agents. The cellular morphology and tissue architecture are preserved in MDTs throughout the 15 day culture period. We also demonstrate how this methodology can be used to study molecular pathways involved in cancer by performing in-depth characterization of biological and pharmacological mechanisms such as p65 nuclear translocation via TNF stimuli, and to predict the treatment outcome in the clinic via MDT response to taxane-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Simeone
- Centre de recherche du CHUM (CRCHUM)/Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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10
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Shi Y, Li J, Zhang Z, Duan D, Zhang Z, Liu H, Liu T, Liu Z. Tracing Boron with Fluorescence and Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Boronated Porphyrin Nanocomplex for Imaging-Guided Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:43387-43395. [PMID: 30451482 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) induces high-energy radiation within cancer cells while avoiding damage to normal cells without uptake of BNCT drugs, which is holding great promise to provide excellent control over locally invasive malignant tumors. However, lack of quantitative imaging technique to determine local boron concentration has been a great challenge for nuclear physicians to apply accurate neutron irradiation during the treatment, which is a key factor that has limited BNCT's application in clinics. To meet this challenge, this study describes coating boronated porphyrins with a biocompatible poly(lactide- co-glycolide)-monomethoxy-poly(polyethylene-glycol) (PLGA-mPEG) micelle for selective tumor accumulation and reduced toxicity comparing with the previously reported boronated porphyrin drugs. Fluorescence imaging and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging were performed, unveiling the potential imaging properties of this boronated porphyrin nanocomplex (BPN) to locate tumor region and to determine tissue-localized boron concentration which facilitates treatment planning. By studying the pharmacokinetics of BPN with Cu-64 PET imaging, the treatment plan was adjusted from single bolus injection to multiple times of injections of smaller doses. As expected, high tumor uptake of boron (125.17 ± 13.54 ppm) was achieved with an extraordinarily high tumor to normal tissue ratio: tumors to liver, muscle, fat, and blood were 3.24 ± 0.22, 61.46 ± 20.26, 31.55 ± 10.30, and 33.85 ± 5.73, respectively. At last, neutron irradiation with BPN showed almost complete tumor suppression, demonstrating that BPN holds a great potential for being an efficient boron delivery agent for imaging-guided BNCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Shi
- Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Jiyuan Li
- Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Zizhu Zhang
- Beijing Capture Tech Co., Ltd. , Beijing 102413 , China
| | - Dongban Duan
- Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Zhengchu Zhang
- Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Hui Liu
- Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Tong Liu
- Beijing Capture Tech Co., Ltd. , Beijing 102413 , China
| | - Zhibo Liu
- Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
- Peking University-Tsinghua University Center for Life Sciences , Beijing 100871 , China
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11
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Chen Z, Shi C, Gao S, Song D, Feng Y. Impact of protamine I on colon cancer proliferation, invasion, migration, diagnosis and prognosis. Biol Chem 2018; 399:265-275. [PMID: 29140788 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2017-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper investigates protamine I (PRM1) expression and its effects on proliferation, invasion and migration of colon cancer cells as well as its function in clinical diagnosis and prognosis. Gene chips were used to screen differentially expressed genes. PRM1 expression was detected by Western blotting and quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry were utilized to compare the expression of PRM1 from multiple differentiation levels of colon cancer tissues. Cell viability, cell apoptosis and cell cycle were tested using the MTT assay and flow cytometry. Cell invasion and migration capability were tested using the Transwell assay and wound healing. In vivo effects of PRM1 on colon cancer were explored using a xenograft model. PRM1 expression in serum was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression level of PRM1 was significantly higher in colon cancer tissues and the staining degree of PRM1 in poorly-differentiated was stronger. pcDNA3.1-PRM1 decreased cell apoptosis while it increased the proliferation, cell invasion and migration. The si-PRM1 group displayed an opposite tendency. The serum PRM1 level was significantly higher and could serve as a diagnostic biomarker for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin 130021, Changchun, China
| | - Chunyu Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Jilin 130033, Changchun, China
| | - Shuohui Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Jilin 130033, Changchun, China
| | - Defeng Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Jilin 130033, Changchun, China
| | - Ye Feng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126 Xiantai Street, Jilin 130033, Changchun, China
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12
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Tavallaie R, McCarroll J, Le Grand M, Ariotti N, Schuhmann W, Bakker E, Tilley RD, Hibbert DB, Kavallaris M, Gooding JJ. Nucleic acid hybridization on an electrically reconfigurable network of gold-coated magnetic nanoparticles enables microRNA detection in blood. Nat Nanotechnol 2018; 13:1066-1071. [PMID: 30150634 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-018-0232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
There is intense interest in quantifying the levels of microRNA because of its importance as a blood-borne biomarker. The challenge has been to develop methods that can monitor microRNA expression both over broad concentration ranges and in ultralow amounts directly in a patient's blood. Here, we show that, through electric-field-induced reconfiguration of a network of gold-coated magnetic nanoparticles modified by probe DNA (DNA-Au@MNPs), it is possible to create a highly sensitive sensor for direct analysis of nucleic acids in samples as complex as whole blood. The sensor is the first to be able to detect concentrations of microRNA from 10 aM to 1 nM in unprocessed blood samples. It can distinguish small variations in microRNA concentrations in blood samples of mice with growing tumours. The ultrasensitive and direct detection of microRNA using an electrically reconfigurable DNA-Au@MNPs network makes the reported device a promising tool for cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Tavallaie
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joshua McCarroll
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Tumour Biology and Targeting Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marion Le Grand
- Tumour Biology and Targeting Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas Ariotti
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New I South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Eric Bakker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Richard David Tilley
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New I South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Brynn Hibbert
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Tumour Biology and Targeting Program, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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13
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Wu X, Yan Y, Li H, Ji N, Yu T, Huang Y, Shi W, Gao L, Ma L, Hu Y. DNA copy number gain-mediated lncRNA LINC01061 upregulation predicts poor prognosis and promotes papillary thyroid cancer progression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:1247-1253. [PMID: 30029886 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Several DNA copy number amplifications (CNAs) have been reported in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, the functional role of CNAs in PTC remains very unclear. And whether there is a correlation between long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and CNA requires to be explored. Here, we identified a novel lncRNA LINC01061. The genomic copy number of LINC01061 is amplified, which leads to its elevated expression level in PTC tissues. Moreover, increased level of LINC01061 was correlated with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics. Functional study indicated that LINC01061 silence significantly inhibited the proliferation, cell-cycle and invasion of PTC cells in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, we showed that LINC01061 interacted with miR-4316 to promote E2F6 expression. The expression of miR-4316 was downregulated in PTC tissues while that of E2F6 was upregulated. Through rescue assay, we demonstrated that LINC01061 promoted PTC cell proliferation, cell-cycle progression and invasion by regulating miR-4316/E2F6 signaling pathway. In conclusion, our research indicated that LINC01061 might be a target for PTC therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- DNA Copy Number Variations
- Disease Progression
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasms, Experimental/diagnosis
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Prognosis
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/diagnosis
- Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/genetics
- Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/pathology
- Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics
- Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology
- Up-Regulation
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhua Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaian Hospital of Huaian District, Huaian, 223200, Jiangsu province, China.
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaian Hospital of Huaian District, Huaian, 223200, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Hang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaian Hospital of Huaian District, Huaian, 223200, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Ning Ji
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaian Hospital of Huaian District, Huaian, 223200, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaian Hospital of Huaian District, Huaian, 223200, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Yujie Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaian Hospital of Huaian District, Huaian, 223200, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Wen Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaian Hospital of Huaian District, Huaian, 223200, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Lingcheng Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaian Hospital of Huaian District, Huaian, 223200, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Liming Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Huaian Hospital of Huaian District, Huaian, 223200, Jiangsu province, China
| | - Yunshu Hu
- Department of Laboratory, Xin'an Hospital, Huaian, 223200, Jiangsu province, China
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14
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Zhang L, Yin T, Li B, Zheng R, Qiu C, Lam KS, Zhang Q, Shuai X. Size-Modulable Nanoprobe for High-Performance Ultrasound Imaging and Drug Delivery against Cancer. ACS Nano 2018; 12:3449-3460. [PMID: 29634240 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Among medical imaging modalities available in the clinic, ultrasonography is the most convenient, inexpensive, ionizing-radiation-free, and most common. Micrometer-size perfluorocarbon bubbles have been used as efficient contrast for intravascular ultrasonography, but they are too big for tumor penetration. Nanodroplets (250-1000 nm) encapsulating both perfluorocarbon and drug have been used as an ultrasound-triggered release drug delivery platform against cancer, but they are generally not useful as a tumor imaging agent. The present study aims to develop a type of pH-sensitive, polymersome-based, perfluorocarbon encapsulated ultrasonographic nanoprobe, capable of maintaining at 178 nm during circulation and increasing to 437 nm at the acidic tumor microenvironment. Its small size allowed efficient tumor uptake. At the tumor site, the nanoparticle swells, resulting in lowering of the vaporization threshold for the perfluorocarbon, efficient conversion of nanoprobes to echogenic nano/microbubbles for ultrasonic imaging, and eventual release of doxorubicin from the theranostic nanoprobe for deep tissue chemotherapy, triggered by irradiation with low-frequency ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Liver Disease and Department of Medical Ultrasonic , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of California Davis , Sacramento , California 95817 , United States
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Tinghui Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Liver Disease and Department of Medical Ultrasonic , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
| | - Bo Li
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Rongqin Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Liver Disease and Department of Medical Ultrasonic , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Liver Disease and Department of Medical Ultrasonic , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
| | - Kit S Lam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of California Davis , Sacramento , California 95817 , United States
| | - Qi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Liver Disease and Department of Medical Ultrasonic , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
| | - Xintao Shuai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Liver Disease and Department of Medical Ultrasonic , The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510630 , China
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
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15
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Wang Z, Shao D, Chang Z, Lu M, Wang Y, Yue J, Yang D, Li M, Xu Q, Dong WF. Janus Gold Nanoplatform for Synergetic Chemoradiotherapy and Computed Tomography Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ACS Nano 2017; 11:12732-12741. [PMID: 29140684 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b07486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
There is a pressing need to develop nanoplatforms that integrate multimodal therapeutics to improve treatment responses and prolong the survival of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mesoporous silica-coated gold nanomaterials have emerged as a novel multifunctional platform combining tunable surface plasmon resonance and mesoporous properties that exhibit multimodality properties in cancer theranostics. However, their reduced radiation-absorption efficiency and limited surface area hinder their further radiochemotherapeutic applications. To address these issues, we designed Janus-structured gold-mesoporous silica nanoparticles using a modified sol-gel method. This multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform was subsequently modified via the conjugation of folic acid for enhanced HCC targeting and internalization. The loaded anticancer agent doxorubicin can be released from the mesopores in a pH-responsive manner, facilitating selective and safe chemotherapy. Additionally, the combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy induced synergistic anticancer effects in vitro and exhibited remarkable inhibition of tumor growth in vivo along with significantly reduced systematic toxicity. Additionally, the Janus NPs acted as targeted computed tomography (CT)-imaging agents for HCC diagnosis. Given their better performance in chemoradiotherapy and CT imaging as compared with that of their core-shell counterparts, this new nanoplatform designed with dual functionalities provides a promising strategy for unresectable HCC theranostics.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/chemistry
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnostic imaging
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Chemoradiotherapy
- Doxorubicin/chemistry
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Folic Acid/chemistry
- Gold/chemistry
- Humans
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Liver Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/therapy
- Metal Nanoparticles/chemistry
- Mice
- Neoplasms, Experimental/diagnosis
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/therapy
- Particle Size
- Porosity
- Silicon Dioxide/chemistry
- Surface Properties
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215163, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dan Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215163, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Zhimin Chang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Mengmeng Lu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing 210029, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Yingshuai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215163, China
| | - Juan Yue
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215163, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dian Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215163, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Qiaobing Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University , 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Wen-Fei Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215163, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
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16
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Fang Y, Wolfson B, Godbey WT. Non-invasive detection of bladder cancer via expression-targeted gene delivery. J Gene Med 2017; 19:366-375. [PMID: 29024250 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of the time and expense associated with the procedures and possible distress to the patient, cystoscopy or other imaging techniques are typically not used for bladder cancer detection before symptoms become present. Alternatively, commercial assays for urinary tumor markers exist but are marred by low sensitivity and high cost. There is a need for a simple and sensitive means of tumor detection, such as via the analysis of urine. METHODS Plasmids encoding the secretable reporter Gaussia Luciferase (G.LUC), under the control of cmv, cox2 or opn promoters, were delivered via polyethylenimine into bladder tumor cells in culture and into the bladders of mice. Expression profiles of the reporter were recorded, the optimal times for reporter detection were determined and the relationship of reporter expression with tumor size was calculated. RESULTS In vitro results showed that both the cox2 and opn promoters can drive significant expression of G.LUC in bladder carcinoma cells in a targeted fashion. In vivo results demonstrated that the cox2 promoter caused expression of G.LUC at detectable levels in the urine, with local signal maxima occurring at 48 and 72 h post-transfection. G.LUC levels in the urine had a 24-h periodicity, with the periodicity partly being the result of an agent secreted by tumor cells that served to mask the luciferase signal. CONCLUSIONS Having shown tumor specificity and having been calibrated with respect to circadian expression patterns, the detection system shows great promise for future investigation of tumor presence both in the urinary bladder and other models of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlan Fang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Benjamin Wolfson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - W T Godbey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
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17
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Abbasi Pour S, Shaterian HR. Design and characterization of lisinopril-loaded superparamagnetic nanoparticles as a new contrast agent for in vitro, in vivo MRI imaging, diagnose the tumors and drug delivery system. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2017; 28:91. [PMID: 28497361 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-5900-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic γ-Fe2O3@SiO2@lisinopril (MNPs-Lisinopril) nanoparticles are T2 and T2* negative contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. In this work, we report the preparation of lisinopril-coated MNPs for the first time as new T2 and T2* negative contrast agent for in vitro and in vivo MRI imaging and demonstrate the potential it simultaneously for drug delivery system, diagnose the tumors and MRI contrast agent. Measurements on the relaxivities (r1, r2 and r2*) of the MNPs-Lisinopril were determined in deionized water (in vitro). Furthermore, after subcutaneous injection of the MNPs-Lisinopril into 4T1 (ATCC® CRL2539™) tumor in BALB/c mice, the relaxivities were determined by a 1.5 T MRI apparatus (in vivo). T2- and T2*-weighted MRI images of MNPs-Lisinopril showed that the MR signal intensity decreased significantly with increasing nanoparticle concentration in water. With measured r2 values up to 236.66 mM-1s -1, our MNPs-Lisinopril show better performance than commercial alternatives. Also we tested drug release of Lisinopril coated MNPs at two different pHs. The MNPs- Lisinopril is a pH-sensitive drug delivery system and releases different amounts of lisinopril from MNPs-Captopril in different pHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Abbasi Pour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, PO Box 98135-674, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Shaterian
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, PO Box 98135-674, Zahedan, Iran.
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18
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Chen X, Zhu H, Huang X, Wang P, Zhang F, Li W, Chen G, Chen B. Novel iodinated gold nanoclusters for precise diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Nanoscale 2017; 9:2219-2231. [PMID: 28120979 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr07656d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
As the most common endocrine malignancy with a high incidence, thyroid cancer lacks a dual-modal imaging method for precise diagnosis. An accurate and multimodal imaging system is pivotal to solve this problem. Herein, dual-modality fluorescence/Computed Tomography (CT) iodinated gold nanoclusters for malignant thyroid cancer visualization have been recently fabricated. In this study, innovative iodinated gold nanoclusters (AuNCs@BSA-I) were synthesized via Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and chloramine-T. AuNCs@BSA-I not only possess an ultra-small size and brilliant biocompatibility but also exhibit excellent fluorescence/CT imaging properties. Particularly with regard to CT imaging properties, AuNCs@BSA-I rival the clinical CT contrast medium. And the fluorescence emission spectrum of AuNCs@BSA-I falls in the near infrared region (NIR). For further translational application in medicine, we established an orthotopic human thyroid cancer patient tissue derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model, highly close to the actual human thyroid cancer. The results unveil that AuNCs@BSA-I exert sensitive and accurate diagnosis characteristics. To be more specific, the AuNCs@BSA-I fluorescent/CT signals in the thyroid tumor represent characteristics of 'slow in fast out', compared to those in the normal thyroid. Moreover, AuNCs@BSA-I could distinguish minimal thyroid cancer, as small as 2 mm3. Therefore, AuNCs@BSA-I appear to be a promising nanoprobe which could be applied to preclinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71, Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China and The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanhuan Zhu
- The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Peisong Wang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71, Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Fulei Zhang
- International Joint Cancer Institute, The Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- International Joint Cancer Institute, The Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, No. 71, Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingdi Chen
- The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine, Shanghai East Hospital, The Institute for Biomedical Engineering & Nano Science, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
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19
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Luciano M, Erfanzadeh M, Zhou F, Zhu H, Bornhütter T, Röder B, Zhu Q, Brückner C. In vivo photoacoustic tumor tomography using a quinoline-annulated porphyrin as NIR molecular contrast agent. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:972-983. [PMID: 28059409 PMCID: PMC5302001 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02640k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and photophysical properties of a tetra-PEG-modified and freely water-soluble quinoline-annulated porphyrin are described. We previously demonstrated the ability of quinoline-annulated porphyrins to act as an in vitro NIR photoacoustic imaging (PAI) contrast agent. The solubility of the quinoline-annulated porphyrin derivative in serum now allowed the assessment of the efficacy of the PEGylated derivative as an in vivo NIR contrast agent for the PAI of an implanted tumor in a mouse model. A multi-fold contrast enhancement when compared to the benchmark dye ICG could be shown, a finding that could be traced to its photophysical properties (short triplet lifetimes, low fluorescence and singlet oxygen sensitization quantum yields). A NIR excitation wavelength of 790 nm could be used, fully taking advantage of the optical window of tissue. Rapid renal clearance of the dye was observed. Its straight-forward synthesis, optical properties with the possibility for further optical fine-tuning, nontoxicity, favorable elimination rates, and contrast enhancement make this a promising PAI contrast agent. The ability to conjugate the PAI chromophore with a fluorescent tag using a facile and general conjugation strategy was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Luciano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA.
| | - Mohsen Erfanzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-4157, USA
| | - Feifei Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-4157, USA
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA.
| | - Tobias Bornhütter
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beate Röder
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Newtonstraße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Quing Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-4157, USA
| | - Christian Brückner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA.
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20
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Guo T, Lin Y, Li Z, Chen S, Huang G, Lin H, Wang J, Liu G, Yang HH. Gadolinium oxysulfide-coated gold nanorods with improved stability and dual-modal magnetic resonance/photoacoustic imaging contrast enhancement for cancer theranostics. Nanoscale 2017; 9:56-61. [PMID: 27906396 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr08281e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanorods (GNRs) are emerging as a promising nanoplatform for cancer theranostics because of their unique optical properties. However, they still suffer from many limitations, such as high cytotoxicity, low thermodynamic and biological stability, and a tedious process for integrating other imaging modalities, for further practical biomedical applications. In this work, a strategy by one-step coating of Gd2O2S around GNRs is reported to address these limitations of GNRs. After the coating of the Gd2O2S shell, the as-fabricated Gd2O2S coated GNRs (GNRs@Gd2O2S) show enhanced biocompatibility and photostability, and tunable localized surface plasmon resonance. The strong absorption in the near-infrared region renders GNRs@Gd2O2S outstanding photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy capabilities. Moreover, owing to the T1 shortening ability of Gd2O2S, the GNRs@Gd2O2S also show an excellent T1 MRI contrast performance. The GNRs@Gd2O2S thus can serve as a versatile nanoplatform for cancer theranostics combining dual-modal imaging and photothermal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Guo
- The Key Lab of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety of the MOE, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China.
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21
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Schellnegger R, Quante A, Rospleszcz S, Schernhammer M, Höhl B, Tobiasch M, Pastula A, Brandtner A, Abrams JA, Strauch K, Schmid RM, Vieth M, Wang TC, Quante M. Goblet Cell Ratio in Combination with Differentiation and Stem Cell Markers in Barrett Esophagus Allow Distinction of Patients with and without Esophageal Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2016; 10:55-66. [PMID: 27807078 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-16-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is mirrored by the increasing prevalence of Barrett esophagus, a precursor lesion resulting in a large number of individuals "at risk" for this lethal malignancy. Among patients with Barrett esophagus, only about 0.3% annually will develop EAC. Because large numbers of patients are followed in endoscopic surveillance, there is a need for risk prediction among a growing population of patients with Barrett esophagus. We identified four potential biomarkers from an inflammation (IL1β)-dependent mouse model of Barrett esophagus and tested them in 189 patients with Barrett esophagus with and without high-grade dysplasia (HGD)/early cancer (T1). The primary goal was to distinguish patients with Barrett esophagus with no evidence of dysplasia from those with dysplasia. Increasing stem cell marker LGR5 and niche cell marker DCLK1 and decreasing differentiation marker (secretory mucus cells, TFF2+ cells) correlated with elevated tumor score in the mouse. Having outlined the origin of those markers in the Barrett esophagus mouse model, we showed the applicability for human Barrett esophagus. We compared 94 patients with nondysplastic Barrett esophagus tissue with 95 patients with Barrett esophagus and HGD or early cancer. Low levels of TFF2 (AUC 87.2%) provided the best discrimination between nondysplastic Barrett esophagus and Barrett esophagus with cancer, followed by high levels of DCLK1 (AUC 83.4%), low goblet cell ratio (AUC 79.4%), and high LGR5 (AUC 71.4%). The goblet cell ratio, rather than the presence of goblet cells per se, was found to be an important discriminator. These findings may be useful in developing future risk prediction models for patients with Barrett esophagus and ultimately to improve EAC surveillance. Cancer Prev Res; 10(1); 55-66. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Schellnegger
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinilkum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet München, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Quante
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Rospleszcz
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martina Schernhammer
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinilkum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina Höhl
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinilkum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet München, Munich, Germany
| | - Moritz Tobiasch
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinilkum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet München, Munich, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Pastula
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinilkum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet München, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Brandtner
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinilkum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian A Abrams
- Department of Medicine and Irving Cancer Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Genetic Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Roland M Schmid
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinilkum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Vieth
- Klinikum Bayreuth, Institut für Pathologie, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Timothy C Wang
- Department of Medicine and Irving Cancer Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Michael Quante
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinilkum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitaet München, Munich, Germany.
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22
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Zhang J, Chen N, Wang H, Gu W, Liu K, Ai P, Yan C, Ye L. Dual-targeting superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoprobes with high and low target density for brain glioma imaging. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 469:86-92. [PMID: 26874270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A major limit of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging nanoprobe in clinical applications is that the SPIONs are unable to reach sufficient concentrations at the tumor site by passive targeting to produce an obvious contrast effect for tumor imaging. Single-targeting SPIONs systems have been applied to improve the contrast effect. However, they still suffer from a lack of efficiency and specificity of the SPIONs to tumors. Herein, we developed folic acid (FA) and cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Tyr-Lys (c(RGDyK)) dual-targeting nanoprobes based on Cy5.5 labeled Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs). The synergistic targeting ability of the dual-targeting Fe3O4 NPs and the effect of the dual-target density on targeting specificity were investigated in brain glioma-bearing mice. In vivo T2-weighted MR imaging of brain glioma-bearing mice and ex vivo near-infrared imaging of brains harboring gliomas suggested that the combination of dual-target increased the uptake of NPs by glioma, consequently, enhanced the contrast effect. Moreover, it was revealed that the density of dual-target plays an important role in targeting specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Wei Gu
- School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Kang Liu
- School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China
| | - Penghui Ai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Changxiang Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100093, PR China.
| | - Ling Ye
- School of Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, PR China.
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23
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Sun L, Gai Y, Anderson CJ, Zeng D. Highly-efficient and versatile fluorous-tagged Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition ligand for preparing bioconjugates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:17072-5. [PMID: 26426419 PMCID: PMC4654650 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06858d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel ligand (FBTTBE) for Cu(i)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) has been developed, which demonstrates not only superior catalytic efficiency but also the ease of removing toxic copper species. FBTTBE has also been successfully applied in the synthesis of radiometal-labeled peptide and antibody without observable transchelation with the non-radioactive Cu(i) catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Sun
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
| | - Yongkang Gai
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
| | - Carolyn J Anderson
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
| | - Dexing Zeng
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, 100 Technology Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA.
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Yeo SY, Elevelt A, Donato K, van Rietbergen B, Ter Hoeve ND, van Diest PJ, Grüll H. Bone metastasis treatment using magnetic resonance-guided high intensity focused ultrasound. Bone 2015; 81:513-523. [PMID: 26325304 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bone pain resulting from cancer metastases reduces a patient's quality of life. Magnetic Resonance-guided High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (MR-HIFU) is a promising alternative palliative thermal treatment technique for bone metastases that has been tested in a few clinical studies. Here, we describe a comprehensive pre-clinical study to investigate the effects, and efficacy of MR-HIFU ablation for the palliative treatment of osteoblastic bone metastases in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prostate cancer cells (MATLyLu) were injected intra-osseously in Copenhagen rats. Upon detection of pain, as determined with a dynamic weight bearing (DWB) system, a MR-HIFU system was used to thermally ablate the bone region with tumor. Treatment effect and efficacy were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with technetium-99m medronate ((99m)Tc-MDP), micro-computed tomography (μCT) and histology. RESULTS DWB analysis demonstrated that MR-HIFU-treated animals retained 58.6 ± 20.4% of limb usage as compared to 2.6 ± 6.3% in untreated animals (P=0.003). MR-HIFU delayed tumor specific growth rates (SGR) from 29 ± 6 to 13 ± 5%/day (P<0.001). Untreated animals (316.5 ± 78.9 mm(3)) had a greater accumulation of (99m)Tc-MDP than HIFU-treated animals (127.0 ± 42.7 mm(3), P=0.004). The total bone volume increase for untreated and HIFU-treated animals was 15.6 ± 9.6% and 3.0 ± 4.1% (P=0.004), respectively. Histological analysis showed ablation of nerve fibers, tumor, inflammatory and bone cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a detailed characterization of the effects of MR-HIFU treatment on bone metastases, and provides fundamental data, which may motivate and advance its use in the clinical treatment of painful bone metastases with MR-HIFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin Yuin Yeo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, High Tech Campus 11-p1.243, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Aaldert Elevelt
- Philips Research Europe, High Tech Campus 11-p1.261A, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Katia Donato
- Philips Research Europe, High Tech Campus 11-p1.261A, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Bert van Rietbergen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, High Tech Campus 11-p1.243, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Natalie D Ter Hoeve
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Room H04.312, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Paul J van Diest
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Room H04.312, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Holger Grüll
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, High Tech Campus 11-p1.243, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands; Philips Research Europe, High Tech Campus 11-p1.261A, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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25
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Zhang W, Hubbard A, Pang L, Parkinson LB, Brunhoeber P, Wang Y, Tang L. Protecting Quantum Dot Fluorescence from Quenching to Achieve a Reliable Automated Multiplex Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Assay. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2015; 11:1583-96. [PMID: 26485928 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2015.2095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Quantum dots (QD) are novel inorganic fluorochromes that are ultra-bright, photo-stable, and available in multiple, highly-resolvable colors. QDs represent an ideal detection material for in situ hybridization (ISH) because they may provide unprecedented resolution and strong signal intensities that are not attainable with traditional fluorophores. Unfortunately, lack of reliability has been an impediment to widespread adoption of QD-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (QD FISH) technology. By optimizing QD-to-target accessibility, we have developed a QD FISH staining procedure that dramatically improves the reliability of an automated ERG/PTEN QD FISH assay (91% 1st pass rate). Here, we report improvements to the assay that protects QD fluorescence from quenching due to trace amounts of heavy metals and minimizes QD background signals. When using this method, highly-consistent staining was observed with the ERG/PTEN QD FISH assay in prostate tissue. Successful staining of several other clinically-relevant genetic markers was also possible. We further demonstrated improved reliability for determining HER2 gene status in breast cancer, identifying anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene break-apart in non-small cell lung cancer, and detecting human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. The enhanced QD FISH assay allows for examining complicated genetic aberrances without use of enzymatic amplification. Our optimized methods now demonstrate reliability sufficient for QD FISH technology to be a diagnostic tool in a clinical setting.
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26
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Shamsi MH, Choi K, Ng AHC, Chamberlain MD, Wheeler AR. Electrochemiluminescence on digital microfluidics for microRNA analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 77:845-52. [PMID: 26516684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a sensitive analytical technique with great promise for biological applications, especially when combined with microfluidics. Here, we report the first integration of ECL with digital microfluidics (DMF). ECL detectors were fabricated into the ITO-coated top plates of DMF devices, allowing for the generation of light from electrically excited luminophores in sample droplets. The new system was characterized by making electrochemical and ECL measurements of soluble mixtures of tris(phenanthroline)ruthenium(II) and tripropylamine (TPA) solutions. The system was then validated by application to an oligonucleotide hybridization assay, using magnetic particles bearing 21-mer, deoxyribose analogues of the complement to microRNA-143 (miRNA-143). The system detects single nucleotide mismatches with high specificity, and has a limit of detection of 1.5 femtomoles. The system is capable of detecting miRNA-143 in cancer cell lysates, allowing for the discrimination between the MCF-7 (less aggressive) and MDA-MB-231 (more aggressive) cell lines. We propose that DMF-ECL represents a valuable new tool in the microfluidics toolbox for a wide variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohtashim H Shamsi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3H6; Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3E1
| | - Kihwan Choi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3H6; Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3E1
| | - Alphonsus H C Ng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3H6; Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3E1; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G9
| | - M Dean Chamberlain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3H6; Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3E1
| | - Aaron R Wheeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St George St., Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3H6; Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, 160 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3E1; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College St., Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G9.
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27
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Wang H, Yuan Y, Chai Y, Yuan R. Sandwiched Electrochemiluminescent Peptide Biosensor for the Detection of Prognostic Indicator in Early-Stage Cancer Based on Hollow, Magnetic, and Self-Enhanced Nanosheets. Small 2015; 11:3703-3709. [PMID: 25833656 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201500321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Currently, peptide-based protein-recognition has been recognized as an effective and promising approach for protein assays. However, sandwiched peptide-based biosensor with high sensitivity and low background has not been proposed before. Herein, a sandwiched electrochemiluminescence (ECL) peptide-based biosensor is constructed for Cyclin A(2) (CA2), a prognostic indicator in early stage of multiple cancers, based on nanosheets with hollow, magnetic, and ECL self-enhanced properties. First, hollow and magnetic manganese oxide nanocrystals (H-Mn(3)O(4)) are synthesized using triblock copolymeric micelles with core-shell-corona architecture as templates. Then, polyethyleneimine (PEI) and the composite of platinum nanoparticles and tris (4,4'-dicarboxylicacid-2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium (II) (PtNPs-Ru) are immobilized on H-Mn(3)O(4) to form H-Mn(3)O(4) -PEI-PtNPs-Ru nanocomposite, in which PEI as coreactant can effectively enhance the luminous efficiency and PtNPs as nanochannels can greatly accelerate the electron transfer. Finally, due to the coordination between Eu(3+) and carboxyl, the obtained H-Mn(3)O(4) -PEI-PtNPs-Ru aggregates locally to form sheet-like nanostructures ((H-Mn(3)O(4) -PEI-PtNPs-Ru)(n) -Eu(3+)), by which the luminous efficiency is further increased. Based on the nanosheets and two designed peptides, a sandwiched ECL biosensor, using palladium nanocages synthesized through galvanic replacement reaction as substrate, is proposed for CA2 with a linear range from 0.001 to 100 ng mL(-1) and a detection limit of 0.3 pg mL(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-TimeAnalytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yali Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-TimeAnalytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yaqin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-TimeAnalytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescent and Real-TimeAnalytical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, P. R. China
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Bhattacharjee T, Tawde S, Hudlikar R, Mahimkar M, Maru G, Ingle A, Murali Krishna C. Ex vivo Raman spectroscopic study of breast metastatic lesions in lungs in animal models. J Biomed Opt 2015; 20:85006. [PMID: 26295177 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.8.085006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The lung is one of the most common sites of metastases, with approximately 50% of patients with extrathoracic cancer exhibiting pulmonary metastases. Correct identification of the metastatic status of a lung lesion is vital to therapeutic planning and better prognosis. However, currently available diagnostic techniques, such as conventional radiography and low dose computed tomography (LDCT), may fail to identify metastatic lesions. Alternative techniques such as Raman spectroscopy (RS) are hence being extensively explored for correct diagnosis of metastasis. The current ex vivo study aims to evaluate the ability of a fiber optic-based Raman system to distinguish breast cancer metastasis in lung from primary breast and lung tumor in animal models. In this study, spectra were acquired from normal breast, primary breast tumor, normal lung, primary lung tumor, and breast cancer metastasis in lung tissues and analyzed using principal component analysis and principal component-linear discriminant analysis. Breast cancer metastasis in lung could be classified with 71% classification efficiency. Approximately 6% breast metastasis spectra were misclassified with breast tumor, probably due to the presence of breast cancer cells in metastasized lungs. Test prediction results show 64% correct prediction of breast metastasis, while 13% breast metastasis spectra were wrongly predicted as breast tumor, suggesting the possible influence of breast cancer cells. Thus, findings of this study, the first of such explorations, demonstrate the potential of RS in classifying breast metastasis in lungs from primary lung and primary breast tumor. Prospective evaluation on a larger cohort with better multivariate analysis, combined with LDCT and recently developed real-time in vivo probes, RS can play a significant role in nonsurgical screening of lesions, which can lead to individualized therapeutic regimes and improved prognoses.
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Abstract
Background Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) biomarkers have proven utility in tumors in evaluating microvascular perfusion and permeability, but it is unclear whether measurements made in different centers are comparable due to methodological differences. Purpose To evaluate how commonly utilized analytical methods for DCE-MRI biomarkers affect both the absolute parameter values and repeatability. Materials and Methods DCE-MRI was performed on three consecutive days in twelve rats bearing C6 xenografts. Endothelial transfer constant (Ktrans), extracellular extravascular space volume fraction (ve), and contrast agent reflux rate constant (kep) measures were computed using: 2-parameter (“Tofts” or “standard Kety”) vs. 3-parameter (“General Kinetic” or “extended Kety”) compartmental models (including blood plasma volume fraction (vp) with 3-parameter models); individual- vs. population-based vascular input functions (VIFs); and pixel-by-pixel vs. whole tumor-ROI. Variability was evaluated by within-subject coefficient of variation (wCV) and variance components analyses. Results DCE-MRI absolute parameter values and wCVs varied widely by analytical method. Absolute parameter values ranged, as follows, median Ktrans, 0.09–0.18 min-1; kep, 0.51–0.92 min-1; ve, 0.17–0.23; and vp, 0.02–0.04. wCVs also varied widely by analytical method, as follows: mean Ktrans, 32.9–61.9%; kep, 11.6–41.9%; ve, 16.1–54.9%; and vp, 53.9–77.2%. Ktrans and kep values were lower with 3- than 2-parameter modeling (p<0.0001); kep and vp were lower with pixel- than whole-ROI analyses (p<0.0006). wCVs were significantly smaller for ve, and larger for kep, with individual- than population-based VIFs. Conclusions DCE-MRI parameter values and repeatability can vary widely by analytical methodology. Absolute values of DCE-MRI biomarkers are unlikely to be comparable between different studies unless analyses are carefully standardized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaan S. Ng
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - James A. Bankson
- Department of Biostatistics Imaging Physics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Murali K. Ravoori
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - David W. Brammer
- Department of Biostatistics Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sherry Klumpp
- Department of Biostatistics Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - John C. Waterton
- Personalised Healthcare and Biomarkers, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Cheshire, United Kingdom
| | - Edward F. Jackson
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States of America
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Qu E, Dai Z, Liang X, Qian Y, Wang S, Ke H, Wang J. Detection and Pathologic Evaluation of Sentinel Lymph Nodes in the VX2 Tumor Model Using a Novel Ultrasound/Near-Infrared Dual-Modality Contrast Agent. Ultrasound Med Biol 2015; 41:1905-1912. [PMID: 25842255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted with the aim of developing a microbubble agent for near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence and ultrasound dual-modality contrast microbubbles applicable to imaging of sentinel lymph nodes in the VX2 rabbit tumor model. Specific ligands of phosphatidylserine (PS) and Cy7 NIR fluorescent dyes with long emission wavelengths (750-900 nm) were conjugated to the surface of ultrasound contrast microbubbles (MBs), termed Cy7 PS MBs. Ultrasound lymphography and NIR fluorescence imaging were performed using subcutaneous injection of Cy7 PS MBs to visualize the sentinel lymph node. Sentinel lymph node detection rates using the patent blue method, ultrasound lymphography and NIR fluorescence imaging were 95%, 79% and 95%, respectively, and sensitivity was 87%, 74% and 92%, respectively. With 2-D ultrasound, the diagnostic sensitivity for detection of sentinel lymph node metastases was 60% and the specificity was 74%, whereas Cy7 PS MB-enhanced ultrasound had a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 87%. The results indicate that dual-modality Cy7 PS MBs combined with ultrasound lymphography and NIR fluorescence may be useful in the detection of normal and metastasized sentinel lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enze Qu
- Department of Ultrasound, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhifei Dai
- Department of Life Sciences, Peking University Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolong Liang
- Department of Life Sciences, Peking University Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yajun Qian
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hengte Ke
- Department of Life Sciences, Peking University Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jinrui Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Li L, Zhang L, Wang T, Wu X, Ren H, Wang C, Su Z. Facile and Scalable Synthesis of Novel Spherical Au Nanocluster Assemblies@Polyacrylic Acid/Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles for Dual-Modal Imaging-Guided Cancer Chemotherapy. Small 2015; 11:3162-3173. [PMID: 25755105 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201403517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Engineering novel theranostic agents with both imaging and therapeutic functions have profound impact on molecular diagnostics, imaging, and therapeutics. In this paper, we develop for the first time a simple, scalable, and reproducible route to synthesize novel multifunctional spherical Au nanoclusters assemblies encapsulated by a polyacylic acid (PAA)/calcium phosphate (CaP) shell with aggregation enhanced fluorescence property (designated as AuNCs-A@PAA/CaP). Furthermore, the resulting AuNCs-A@PAA/CaP nanoparticles (NPs) possess a high payload of doxorubicin as synergetic pH-sensitive drug delivery vehicles to employ for dual-modal computed tomography (CT) and fluorescence imaging-guided liver cancer chemotherapy in vivo. The results reveal that AuNCs-A@PAA/CaP NPs not only provide excellent bimodal CT and fluorescence contrast imaging but also present efficient tumor ablation under the guidance of CT and fluorescence imaging, to achieve excellent chemotherapeutic efficacy to the hepatocarcinoma cell line (H-22) bearing mice through intravenous injection. Comprehensive blood tests and careful histological examinations reveal no apparent toxicity of AuNCs-A@PAA/CaP NPs. Our work highlights the great promise of AuNCs-A@PAA/CaP NPs for guiding and monitoring the chemotherapeutic process using simultaneous dual-modality CT and fluorescence imaging through a single theranostic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotong Wu
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| | - Hong Ren
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| | - Chungang Wang
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
| | - Zhongmin Su
- Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, P.R. China
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Farzam P, Durduran T. Multidistance diffuse correlation spectroscopy for simultaneous estimation of blood flow index and optical properties. J Biomed Opt 2015; 20:55001. [PMID: 25938205 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.20.5.055001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) measures microvascular blood flow by fitting a physical model to the measurement of the intensity autocorrelation function from a single source-detector pair. This analysis relies on the accurate knowledge of the optical properties, absorption, and reduced scattering coefficients of the medium. Therefore, DCS is often deployed together with diffuse optical spectroscopy. We present an algorithm that employs multidistance DCS (MD-DCS) for simultaneous measurement of bloodflow index, as well as an estimate of the optical properties of the tissue. The algorithm has been validated through noise-free and noise-added simulated data and phantom measurements. A longitudinal in vivo measurement ofa mouse tumor is also shown. MD-DCS is introduced as a stand-alone system for small source-detector separations (<2 cm) for noninvasive measurement of microvascular blood flow.
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Zhang Y, Hiroshima Y, Ma H, Zhang N, Zhao M, Hoffman RM. Complementarity of variable-magnification and spectral-separation fluorescence imaging systems for noninvasive detection of metastasis and intravital detection of single cancer cells in mouse models. Anticancer Res 2015; 35:661-667. [PMID: 25667443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Imaging of tumor growth, progression and metastasis with fluorescent proteins in mouse models is a powerful technology. A limit to fluorescent-protein imaging has been for non-invasive deep-seated tumors, such as those in the lung. In the present study, the Maestro spectral-separation fluorescence imaging system and the OV100 variable-magnification imaging system were compared for noninvasive detection of metastasis in fluorescent protein-expressing orthotopic lung, liver, pancreas, and colon cancer in nude mouse tumor models, as well as for intravital single-cell imaging. Sensitivity, multispectral capability, contrast, and single cell resolution were investigated. The Maestro system outperformed the OV100 for noninvasive imaging of primary and metastatic tumors. The Maestro system detected brain tumor metastasis five days earlier than did the OV100. The Maestro had greater depth of detection compared with the OV100. By separating skin and food autofluorescence, the Maestro provided high-contrast images. The Maestro system was able to produce composite images with more unmixed components and detected more different color signals simultaneously than did the OV100. However, the OV100 system had higher resolution and was able to detect single cells in vivo unlike the Maestro. The present study demonstrates that the two instruments are complementary for imaging of all stages of cancer in mice, including single-cell trafficking and the superiority of in vivo fluorescent-protein imaging over luciferase imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
| | - Yukihiko Hiroshima
- AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA, U.S.A. Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A. Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Huaiyu Ma
- AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
| | - Nan Zhang
- AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
| | - Ming Zhao
- AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA, U.S.A
| | - Robert M Hoffman
- AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA, U.S.A. Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, CA, U.S.A.
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Li C, Xiong Y, Yang X, Wang L, Zhang S, Dai N, Li M, Ren T, Yang Y, Zhou SF, Gan L, Wang D. Lost expression of ADAMTS5 protein associates with progression and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:1773-83. [PMID: 25848214 PMCID: PMC4378293 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s77069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered expression of ADAMTS5 is associated with human carcinogenesis and tumor progression. However, the role of ADAMTS5 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear. This study analyzed ADAMTS5 expression in HCC tissues and tested for association with clinicopathological and survival data from HCC patients and then explored the role of ADAMTS5 in HCC cells in vitro. Paraffin blocks from 48 HCC patients were used to detect ADAMTS5 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and microvessel density (MVD). A normal liver cell line and HCC cell lines were used to detect ADAMTS5 expression and for ADAMTS5 manipulation. ADAMTS5 cDNA was stably transfected into HCC cells and ADAMTS5 expression assessed by Western blot analysis. Tumor cell-conditioned growth medium was used to assess human umbilical vein endothelial cell migration and Matrigel tube formation. Xenograft assay was performed to determine the role of ADAMTS5 in vivo. The data showed that the expression of ADAMTS5 was reduced in HCC, which was inversely associated with VEGF expression, MVD, and tumor size and associated with poor overall survival of HCC patients. Lentivirus-mediated ADAMTS5 expression significantly inhibited tumor angiogenesis by downregulating in vitro expression of VEGF and inhibiting migration and tube formations, and also inhibited tumor growth and VEGF expression and reduced MVD in vivo in a mouse xenograft model. Taken together, these results suggest that ADAMTS5 plays a role in suppression of HCC progression, which could be further studied as a promising novel therapeutic target and a potential prognostic marker in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyi Li
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanli Xiong
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueqin Yang
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin’ang Wang
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiheng Zhang
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Dai
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengxia Li
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Ren
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Lixia Gan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Lixia Gan, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Main Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing 400038, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 23 6875 2945, Fax +86 23 6889 4062, Email
| | - Dong Wang
- Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Dong Wang, Cancer Center, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, The Third Military Medical University, 10 Changjiang Zhi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400042, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 23 6875 7151, Fax +86 23 6889 4062, Email
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Palmowski K, Rix A, Lederle W, Behrendt FF, Mottaghy FM, Gray BD, Pak KY, Palmowski M, Kiessling F. A low molecular weight zinc2+-dipicolylamine-based probe detects apoptosis during tumour treatment better than an annexin V-based probe. Eur Radiol 2014; 24:363-70. [PMID: 24121671 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-013-3014-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Molecular imaging of apoptosis is frequently discussed for monitoring cancer therapies. Here, we compare the low molecular weight phosphatidylserine-targeting ligand zinc2+-dipicolylamine (Zn2+-DPA) with the established but reasonably larger protein annexin V. METHODS Molecular apoptosis imaging with the fluorescently labelled probes annexin V (750 nm, 36 kDa) and Zn2+-DPA (794 nm, 1.84 kDa) was performed in tumour-bearing mice (A431). Three animal groups were investigated: untreated controls and treated tumours after 1 or 4 days of anti-angiogenic therapy (SU11248). Additionally, μPET with 18 F-FDG was performed. Imaging data were displayed as tumour-to-muscle ratio (TMR) and validated by quantitative immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Compared with untreated control tumours, TUNEL staining indicated significant apoptosis after 1 day (P < 0.05) and 4 days (P < 0.01) of treatment. Concordantly, Zn2+-DPA uptake increased significantly after 1 day (P < 0.05) and 4 days (P < 0.01). Surprisingly, annexin V failed to detect significant differences between control and treated animals. Contrary to the increasing uptake of Zn2+-DPA, 18 F-FDG tumour uptake decreased significantly at days 1 (P < 0.05) and 4 (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Increase in apoptosis during anti-angiogenic therapy was detected significantly better with the low molecular weight probe Zn2+-DPA than with the annexin V-based probe. Additionally, significant treatment effects were detectable as early using Zn2+-DPA as with measurements of the glucose metabolism using 18 F-FDG. KEY POINTS • The detection of apoptosis by non-invasive imaging is important in oncology. • A new low molecular weight probe Zn2+-DPA shows promise in depicting anti-angiogenic effects. • The small Zn2+-DPA ligand appears well suited for monitoring therapy. • Treatment effects are detectable just as early with Zn2+-DPA as with 18F-FDG.
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Matsushita H, Mizukami S, Sugihara F, Nakanishi Y, Yoshioka Y, Kikuchi K. Multifunctional core–shell silica nanoparticles for highly sensitive (19)F magnetic resonance imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:1008-11. [PMID: 24446255 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201308500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
19F magnetic resonance imaging (19F MRI) is useful for monitoring particular signals from biological samples, cells, and target tissues, because background signals are missing in animal bodies. Therefore, highly sensitive 19F MRI contrast agents are in great demand for their practical applications. However, we have faced the following challenges: 1) increasing the number of fluorine atoms decreases the solubility of the molecular probes, and 2) the restriction of the molecular mobility attenuates the 19F MRI signals. Herein, we developed novel multifunctional core–shell nanoparticles to solve these issues. They are composed of a core micelle filled with liquid perfluorocarbon and a robust silica shell. These core–shell nanoparticles have superior properties such as high sensitivity, modifiability of the surface, biocompatibility, and sufficient in vivo stability. By the adequate surface modifications, gene expression in living cells and tumor tissue in living mice were successfully detected by 19F MRI.
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Yoshida M, Kamiya M, Yamasoba T, Urano Y. A highly sensitive, cell-membrane-permeable fluorescent probe for glutathione. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4363-4366. [PMID: 25176192 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is a primary intracellular antioxidant. Here, we developed a novel, highly sensitive fluorescent probe for GSH, designated DNs-HMRG, whose fluorescence is regulated by two distinct switching mechanisms, intramolecular spirocyclization and photo-induced electron transfer (PeT). DNs-HMRG showed good cell permeability, and a rapid increase in fluorescence intensity was observed when it was applied to living cells. Further, taking advantage of the fact that the intracellular GSH level in tumor tissue is higher than that in normal tissue, we employed this probe for rapid (within a few tens of seconds) in vivo detection of tiny tumor nodules (less than 1mm in diameter) in tumor-bearing mice. This probe is expected be a powerful tool in various biological applications, especially studies on redox status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Yoshida
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 0033, Japan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 0033, Japan
| | - Mako Kamiya
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 0033, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 0033, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 0033, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113 0033, Japan; Basic Research Program, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Sanbancho-blg, 5 Sanbancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
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Wu L, Ma C, Ge L, Kong Q, Yan M, Ge S, Yu J. Paper-based electrochemiluminescence origami cyto-device for multiple cancer cells detection using porous AuPd alloy as catalytically promoted nanolabels. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 63:450-457. [PMID: 25128625 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The detection of cancer cells is important and fundamental for cancer diagnosis and therapy, which has attracted considerable interest recently. Although traditional cyto-sensors have been widely explored due to their high sensitivity and selectivity, it is still a challenge to develop a low-cost, portable, disposable, fast, and easy-to-use cancer cell detection method for applying in the field of cancer diagnosis and therapy. Herein, to address these challenges, we developed a microfluidic paper-based electrochemiluminescence origami cyto-device (μ-PECLOC), in which aptamers modified 3D macroporous Au-paper electrodes were employed as the working electrodes and efficient platforms for the specific cancer cells capture. Owing to the effective disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide and specific recognition of mannose on cell surface, concanavalin-A conjugated porous AuPd alloy nanoparticles were introduced into this μ-PECLOC as the catalytically promoted nanolabels for peroxydisulfate ECL system. Under the optimal conditions, the proposed μ-PECLOC exhibited excellent analytical performance with good stability, reproducibility, and accuracy, towards the cyto-sensing of four types of cancer cells indicating the potential applications to facilitate effective and multiple early cancer diagnosis and clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Lei Ge
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Qingkun Kong
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Mei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Shenguang Ge
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
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Ma X, Kang F, Xu F, Feng A, Zhao Y, Lu T, Yang W, Wang Z, Lin M, Wang J. Enhancement of Cerenkov luminescence imaging by dual excitation of Er(3+),Yb(3+)-doped rare-earth microparticles. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77926. [PMID: 24205030 PMCID: PMC3808356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) has been successfully utilized in various fields of preclinical studies; however, CLI is challenging due to its weak luminescent intensity and insufficient penetration capability. Here, we report the design and synthesis of a type of rare-earth microparticles (REMPs), which can be dually excited by Cerenkov luminescence (CL) resulting from the decay of radionuclides to enhance CLI in terms of intensity and penetration. METHODS Yb(3+)- and Er(3+)- codoped hexagonal NaYF4 hollow microtubes were synthesized via a hydrothermal route. The phase, morphology, and emission spectrum were confirmed for these REMPs by power X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and spectrophotometry, respectively. A commercial CCD camera equipped with a series of optical filters was employed to quantify the intensity and spectrum of CLI from radionuclides. The enhancement of penetration was investigated by imaging studies of nylon phantoms and nude mouse pseudotumor models. RESULTS the REMPs could be dually excited by CL at the wavelengths of 520 and 980 nm, and the emission peaks overlaid at 660 nm. This strategy approximately doubled the overall detectable intensity of CLI and extended its maximum penetration in nylon phantoms from 5 to 15 mm. The penetration study in living animals yielded similar results. CONCLUSIONS this study demonstrated that CL can dually excite REMPs and that the overlaid emissions in the range of 660 nm could significantly enhance the penetration and intensity of CL. The proposed enhanced CLI strategy may have promising applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Fei Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Ailing Feng
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Ying Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Tianjian Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
| | - Weidong Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
| | - Min Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China
- * E-mail: (JW); (ML)
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, PR China
- * E-mail: (JW); (ML)
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Wen ZP, Liu HY, Wen M, He HR, Tan SD, Li SL. [Optimal time for MRI scanning of tumors in BALB/c mice using c-erbB2 antisense probe labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles]. Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2013; 44:708-712. [PMID: 24325095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the optimal time for MRI scanning of tumors in BALB/c mice using c-erbB2 antisense probe labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. METHODS SK-Br-3 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice (n= 30) were injected with antisense probe (12.0 mg Fe/kg). MRI scanning was performed on 5 mice before the injection and 60 min, 180 min, 360 min, 720 min and 1 440 min after the injection, respectively. Tumor tissues were taken immediately after the scanning and fixed with 10% formalin and paraffin-embedded sections. The MRI signal strength of the tumors and adjacent muscles were compared with changes detected under a microscope using HE and Prussian blue staining. RESULTS SK-Br-3 tumors were introduced to the BALB/c mice successfully. The strongest signal intensity was detected by the MRI 360 min after injection with the antisense probe. The pathological examination revealed structural disorders of the tumor issues, with a large number of special-shaped cells arranged in a cancer nest shape. Punctuate blue iron particles were observed in all of the tumor issues, with the greatest density occurring at 360 min after the injection with the antisense probe. CONCLUSION The MR4 optimal time for MRI scanning of tumors in BALB/c mice using c-erbB2 antisense probe labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles should be set at 360 min after injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Peng Wen
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Price EW, Zeglis BM, Cawthray JF, Ramogida CF, Ramos N, Lewis JS, Adam MJ, Orvig C. H(4)octapa-trastuzumab: versatile acyclic chelate system for 111In and 177Lu imaging and therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:12707-21. [PMID: 23901833 PMCID: PMC3787943 DOI: 10.1021/ja4049493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A bifunctional derivative of the versatile acyclic chelator H4octapa, p-SCN-Bn-H4octapa, has been synthesized for the first time. The chelator was conjugated to the HER2/neu-targeting antibody trastuzumab and labeled in high radiochemical purity and specific activity with the radioisotopes (111)In and (177)Lu. The in vivo behavior of the resulting radioimmunoconjugates was investigated in mice bearing ovarian cancer xenografts and compared to analogous radioimmunoconjugates employing the ubiquitous chelator 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA). The H4octapa-trastuzumab conjugates displayed faster radiolabeling kinetics with more reproducible yields under milder conditions (15 min, RT, ~94-95%) than those based on DOTA-trastuzumab (60 min, 37 °C, ~50-88%). Further, antibody integrity was better preserved in the (111)In- and (177)Lu-octapa-trastuzumab constructs, with immunoreactive fractions of 0.99 for each compared to 0.93-0.95 for (111)In- and (177)Lu-DOTA-trastuzumab. These results translated to improved in vivo biodistribution profiles and SPECT imaging results for (111)In- and (177)Lu-octapa-trastuzumab compared to (111)In- and (177)Lu-DOTA-trastuzumab, with increased tumor uptake and higher tumor-to-tissue activity ratios.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/chemistry
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Chelating Agents/chemistry
- Chelating Agents/therapeutic use
- Ethylamines/chemistry
- Ethylamines/pharmacology
- Female
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/chemistry
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Indium Radioisotopes/chemistry
- Indium Radioisotopes/therapeutic use
- Lutetium/chemistry
- Lutetium/therapeutic use
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Structure
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Neoplasms, Experimental/diagnosis
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Pyridines/chemistry
- Pyridines/pharmacology
- Radiopharmaceuticals/chemistry
- Radiopharmaceuticals/therapeutic use
- Tissue Distribution
- Trastuzumab
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric W. Price
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 2A3
| | - Brian M. Zeglis
- Department of Radiology and Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York, 10065, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline F. Cawthray
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 2A3
| | - Caterina F. Ramogida
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 2A3
| | - Nicholas Ramos
- Department of Radiology and Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York, 10065, United States of America
| | - Jason S. Lewis
- Department of Radiology and Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York, 10065, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Adam
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 2A3
| | - Chris Orvig
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z1
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Burrell JS, Walker-Samuel S, Baker LCJ, Boult JKR, Jamin Y, Halliday J, Waterton JC, Robinson SP. Exploring ΔR(2) * and ΔR(1) as imaging biomarkers of tumor oxygenation. J Magn Reson Imaging 2013; 38:429-34. [PMID: 23293077 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.23987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the combined use of hyperoxia-inducedΔR(2) * and ΔR(1) as a noninvasive imaging biomarker of tumor hypoxia. MATERIALS AND METHODS MRI was performed on rat GH3 prolactinomas (n = 6) and human PC3 prostate xenografts (n = 6) propagated in nude mice. multiple gradient echo and inversion recovery truefisp images were acquired from identical transverse slices to quantify tumor R(2) * and R(1)before and during carbogen (95% O2 /5% CO2 ) challenge, and correlates of ΔR(2) * and ΔR(1) assessed. RESULTS Mean baseline R(2) * and R(1) were 119 ± 7 s(-1) and 0.6 ± 0.03 s(-1) for GH3 prolactinomas and 77 ± 12 s(-1) and 0.7 ± 0.02 s(-1) for PC3 xenografts, respectively. During carbogen breathing, mean ΔR(2) * and ΔR(1) were -20 ± 8 s(-1) and 0.08 ± 0.03 s(-1) for GH3 and -0.5 ± 1 s(-1) and 0.2 ± 0.08 s(-1) for the PC3 tumors, respectively. A pronounced relationship betweenΔR(2) * and ΔR(1) was revealed. CONCLUSION Considering the blood oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve, fast R2 * suggested that GH3 prolactinomas were more hypoxic at baseline, and their carbogen response dominated by increased hemoglobin oxygenation, evidenced by highly negative ΔR(2) *. PC3 tumors were less hypoxic at baseline, and their response to carbogen dominated by increased dissolved oxygen, evidenced by highly positive ΔR(1) . Because the two biomarkers are sensitive to different oxygenation ranges, the combination of ΔR(2) * and ΔR(1) may better characterize tumor hypoxia than each alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake S Burrell
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5NG, United Kingdom
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43
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Liberman A, Wu Z, Barback CV, Viveros R, Blair SL, Ellies LG, Vera DR, Mattrey RF, Kummel AC, Trogler WC. Color Doppler ultrasound and gamma imaging of intratumorally injected 500 nm iron-silica nanoshells. ACS Nano 2013; 7:6367-77. [PMID: 23802554 PMCID: PMC3777724 DOI: 10.1021/nn402507d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoropentane gas filled iron-silica nanoshells have been developed as stationary ultrasound contrast agents for marking tumors to guide surgical resection. It is critical to establish their long-term imaging efficacy, as well as biodistribution. This work shows that 500 nm Fe-SiO2 nanoshells can be imaged by color Doppler ultrasound over the course of 10 days in Py8119 tumor bearing mice. The 500 nm nonbiodegradable SiO2 and biodegradable Fe-SiO2 nanoshells were functionalized with diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) ligand and radiolabeled with (111)In(3+) for biodistribution studies in nu/nu mice. The majority of radioactivity was detected in the liver and kidneys following intravenous (IV) administration of nanoshells to healthy animals. By contrast, after nanoshells were injected intratumorally, most of the radioactivity remained at the injection site; however, some nanoshells escaped into circulation and were distributed similarly as those given intravenously. For intratumoral delivery of nanoshells and IV delivery to healthy animals, little difference was seen between the biodistribution of SiO2 and biodegradable Fe-SiO2 nanoshells. However, when nanoshells were administered IV to tumor bearing mice, a significant increase was observed in liver accumulation of SiO2 nanoshells relative to biodegradable Fe-SiO2 nanoshells. Both SiO2 and Fe-SiO2 nanoshells accumulate passively in proportion to tumor mass, during intravenous delivery of nanoshells. This is the first report of the biodistribution following intratumoral injection of any biodegradable silica particle, as well as the first report demonstrating the utility of DTPA-(111)In labeling for studying silica nanoparticle biodistributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Liberman
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California,
San Diego
| | - Zhe Wu
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego
| | | | - Robert Viveros
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San
Diego
| | - Sarah L. Blair
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego
| | - Lesley G. Ellies
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, 9500
Gilman Drive, #0358, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - David R. Vera
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego
| | | | - Andrew C. Kummel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California,
San Diego
| | - William C. Trogler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California,
San Diego
- Corresponding Author: William C. Trogler, Professor,
Dept. Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500
Gilman Drive, #0358, La Jolla, CA 92093,
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44
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Yoshimura K, Mandal MK, Hara M, Fujii H, Chen LC, Tanabe K, Hiraoka K, Takeda S. Real-time diagnosis of chemically induced hepatocellular carcinoma using a novel mass spectrometry-based technique. Anal Biochem 2013; 441:32-7. [PMID: 23851340 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2013.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Real-time analyses of hepatocellular carcinoma were performed in living mice to assess the applicability of probe electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (PESI-MS) in medical diagnosis. The number of peaks and the abundance of ions corresponding to triacylglycerols (TAGs) were higher in cancerous tissues than in noncancerous tissues. Multiple sequential scans of the specimens were performed along a predetermined line extending over the noncancerous region to detect the boundary of the cancerous region. Our system successfully discriminated the noncancerous and cancerous tissues based on the intensities of the TAG ions. These results highlight the potential application of PESI-MS for clinical diagnosis in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Yoshimura
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
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45
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Viel T, Schelhaas S, Wagner S, Wachsmuth L, Schwegmann K, Kuhlmann M, Faber C, Kopka K, Schäfers M, Jacobs AH. Early assessment of the efficacy of temozolomide chemotherapy in experimental glioblastoma using [18F]FLT-PET imaging. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67911. [PMID: 23861829 PMCID: PMC3701682 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Addition of temozolomide (TMZ) to radiation therapy is the standard treatment for patients with glioblastoma (GBM). However, there is uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of TMZ. Considering the rapid evolution of the disease, methods to assess TMZ efficacy early during treatment would be of great benefit. Our aim was to monitor early effects of TMZ in a mouse model of GBM using positron emission tomography (PET) with 3′-deoxy-3′-[18F]fluorothymidine ([18F]FLT). Methods Human glioma cells sensitive to TMZ (Gli36dEGFR-1) were treated with sub-lethal doses of TMZ to obtain cells with lower sensitivity to TMZ (Gli36dEGFR-2), as measured by growth and clonogenic assays. Gli36dEGFR-1 and Gli36dEGFR-2 cells were subcutaneously (s.c.) or intracranially (i.c.) xenografted into nude mice. Mice were treated for 7 days with daily injection of 25 or 50 mg/kg TMZ. Treatment efficacy was measured using [18F]FLT-PET before treatment and after 2 days. Computed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) were used to determine tumor volumes before treatment and after 7 days. Results A significant difference was observed between TMZ and DMSO treated tumors in terms of variations of [18F]FLT T/B ratio as soon as day 2 in the i.c. as well as in the s.c. mouse model. Variations of [18F]FLT T/B uptake ratio between days 0 and 2 correlated with variations of tumor size between days 0 and 7 (s.c. model: ntumor = 17 in nmice = 11, P<0.01; i.c. model: ntumor/mice = 9, P<0.01). Conclusions Our results indicate that [18F]FLT-PET may be useful for an early evaluation of the response of GBM to TMZ chemotherapy in patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Viel
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University (WWU), Münster, Germany
| | - Sonja Schelhaas
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University (WWU), Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Wagner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms-University (WWU), Münster, Germany
| | - Lydia Wachsmuth
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms-University (WWU), Münster, Germany
| | - Katrin Schwegmann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University (WWU), Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Kuhlmann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University (WWU), Münster, Germany
| | - Cornelius Faber
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms-University (WWU), Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Schäfers
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University (WWU), Münster, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Westfälische Wilhelms-University (WWU), Münster, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Clinical Research (IZKF), Westfälische Wilhelms-University (WWU), Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas H. Jacobs
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), Westfälische Wilhelms-University (WWU), Münster, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Clinical Research (IZKF), Westfälische Wilhelms-University (WWU), Münster, Germany
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Evangelische Kliniken, Johanniter Krankenhaus, Bonn, Germany
- * E-mail:
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46
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Abstract
Due to their efficient conversion of absorbed light energy to heat gold nanorods have been proved to be an amazing tool for minimally invasive photo-thermal cancer therapy. The present in vitro study demonstrates the ability of silica coated Au nanorods to function as a dual probe for cancer-cell therapy and imaging without any toxic side-effects. HeLa cells were incubated with silica coated Au nanorods and imaged inside the cell just after 1 hour of incubation by a dark field set up due to strong surface enhanced Raman scattering. To induce hyperthermia, silica coated Au nanorod incubated HeLa cells were illuminated with a diode laser (671 nm, 200 mW, 10 min). Cell destruction was observed even at a very low dose of nanorods, whereas none was observed in the absence of nanorods. Silica coated Au nanorods thus offer a promising, novel class of selective photo-thermal agents for cancer therapy and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Mallick
- Division of Bionanotechnology, GachonBionano Institute, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do 461-701, South Korea
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47
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Inkster J, Lin KS, Ait-Mohand S, Gosselin S, Bénard F, Guérin B, Pourghiasian M, Ruth T, Schaffer P, Storr T. 2-Fluoropyridine prosthetic compounds for the 18F labeling of bombesin analogues. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:3920-6. [PMID: 23683595 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Acetylene-bearing 2-[(18)F]fluoropyridines [(18)F]FPy5yne and PEG-[(18)F]FPyKYNE were prepared via efficient nucleophilic heteroaromatic [(18)F]fluorination of their corresponding 2-trimethylammoniumpyrdinyl precursors. The prosthetic groups were conjugated to azide- and PEG3-modified bombesin(6-14) analogues via copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition couplings to yield mono- and di-mini-PEGylated ligands for PET imaging of the gastrin- releasing peptide receptor. The PEG3- and PEG2/PEG3-bearing (18)F peptides showed decreased lipophilicity relative to an analogous non-mini-PEGylated (18)F peptide. Assessment of water-soluble peptide pharmacokinetics and tumour-targeting capabilities in a mouse model of prostate cancer is currently underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Inkster
- TRIUMF, Nuclear Medicine Division, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, Canada BC V6T 2A3.
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48
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Hu DH, Sheng ZH, Zhang PF, Yang DZ, Liu SH, Gong P, Gao DY, Fang ST, Ma YF, Cai LT. Hybrid gold-gadolinium nanoclusters for tumor-targeted NIRF/CT/MRI triple-modal imaging in vivo. Nanoscale 2013; 5:1624-1628. [PMID: 23334397 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr33543c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal imaging is highly desirable for accurate diagnosis because it can provide complementary information from each imaging modality. In this study, we prepared hybrid gold-gadolinium nanoclusters (NCs), which are ultrasmall, stable, biocompatible, and suitable for triple-modal NIRF/CT/MRI imaging. Upon intravenously injected, the hybrid NCs are effectively accumulated in tumor tissues and quickly clear by renal excretion, indicating their capacity of tumor targeting and low body residues. Notably, the ultrasmall hybrid NCs would penetrate into the solid tumor for capturing its heterostructure and do not induce potential toxicity in vivo. Hence, the well-defined hybrid gold-gadolinium NCs provide a versatile nanoprobe for cancer targeted imaging and diagnosis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Hong Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cancer Nanotechnology, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Goswami LN, Ma L, Cai Q, Sarma SJ, Jalisatgi SS, Hawthorne MF. cRGD peptide-conjugated icosahedral closo-B12(2-) core carrying multiple Gd3+-DOTA chelates for α(v)β3 integrin-targeted tumor imaging (MRI). Inorg Chem 2013; 52:1701-9. [PMID: 23391150 PMCID: PMC3593306 DOI: 10.1021/ic302340c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A vertex-differentiated icosahedral closo-B(12)(2-) core was utilized to construct a α(v)β(3) integrin receptor-targeted (via cRGD peptide) high payload MRI contrast agent (CA-12) carrying 11 copies of Gd(3+)-DOTA chelates attached to the closo-B(12)(2-) surface via suitable linkers. The resulting polyfunctional MRI contrast agent possessed a higher relaxivity value per-Gd compared to Omniscan, a small molecular contrast agent commonly used in clinical settings. The α(v)β(3) integrin receptor specificity of CA-12 was confirmed via in vitro cellular binding experiments and in vivo MRI of mice bearing human PC-3 prostate cancer xenografts. Integrin α(v)β(3)-positive MDA-MB-231 cells exhibited 300% higher uptake of CA-12 than α(v)β(3)-negative T47D cells. Serial T1-weighted MRI showed superior contrast enhancement of tumors by CA-12 compared to both a nontargeted 12-fold Gd(3+)-DOTA closomer control (CA-7) and Omniscan. Contrast enhancement by CA-12 persisted for 4 h postinjection, and subsequent enhancement of kidney tissue indicated a renal elimination route similar to Omniscan. No toxic effects of CA-12 were apparent in any mice for up to 24 h postinjection. Post-mortem ICP-OES analysis at 24 h detected no residual Gd in any of the tissue samples analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit N. Goswami
- International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-3450
| | - Lixin Ma
- International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-3450
| | - Quanyu Cai
- International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-3450
| | - Saurav J. Sarma
- International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-3450
| | - Satish S. Jalisatgi
- International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-3450
| | - M. Frederick Hawthorne
- International Institute of Nano and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211-3450
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50
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Bokacheva L, Kotedia K, Reese M, Ricketts SA, Halliday J, Le CH, Koutcher JA, Carlin S. Response of HT29 colorectal xenograft model to cediranib assessed with 18 F-fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography, dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MRI. NMR Biomed 2013; 26:151-163. [PMID: 22777834 PMCID: PMC3524412 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cediranib is a small-molecule pan-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor. The tumor response to short-term cediranib treatment was studied using dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MRI at 7 T, as well as (18) F-fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography and histological markers. Rats bearing subcutaneous HT29 human colorectal tumors were imaged at baseline; they then received three doses of cediranib (3 mg/kg per dose daily) or vehicle (dosed daily), with follow-up imaging performed 2 h after the final cediranib or vehicle dose. Tumors were excised and evaluated for the perfusion marker Hoechst 33342, the endothelial cell marker CD31, smooth muscle actin, intercapillary distance and tumor necrosis. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI-derived parameters decreased significantly in cediranib-treated tumors relative to pretreatment values [the muscle-normalized initial area under the gadolinium concentration curve decreased by 48% (p=0.002), the enhancing fraction by 43% (p=0.003) and K(trans) by 57% (p=0.003)], but remained unchanged in controls. No change between the pre- and post-treatment tumor apparent diffusion coefficients in either the cediranib- or vehicle-treated group was observed over the course of this study. The (18) F-fluoromisonidazole mean standardized uptake value decreased by 33% (p=0.008) in the cediranib group, but showed no significant change in the control group. Histological analysis showed that the number of CD31-positive vessels (59 per mm(2) ), the fraction of smooth muscle actin-positive vessels (80-87%) and the intercapillary distance (0.17 mm) were similar in cediranib- and vehicle-treated groups. The fraction of perfused blood vessels in cediranib-treated tumors (81 ± 7%) was lower than that in vehicle controls (91 ± 3%, p=0.02). The necrotic fraction was slightly higher in cediranib-treated rats (34 ± 12%) than in controls (26 ± 10%, p=0.23). These findings suggest that short-term treatment with cediranib causes a decrease in tumor perfusion/permeability across the tumor cross-section, but changes in vascular morphology, vessel density or tumor cellularity are not manifested at this early time point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Bokacheva
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Khushali Kotedia
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan Reese
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jane Halliday
- Department of Imaging, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, United Kingdom
| | - Carl H. Le
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason A. Koutcher
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sean Carlin
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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