101
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Zhou N, Yuan XA, Zhao Y, Xie J, Zhu C. Synergistic Photoredox Catalysis and Organocatalysis for Inverse Hydroboration of Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201800421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nengneng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Ai Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Qufu Normal University; Qufu 273165 P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry; Shanghai 200032 P. R. China
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102
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Zhou N, Yuan XA, Zhao Y, Xie J, Zhu C. Synergistic Photoredox Catalysis and Organocatalysis for Inverse Hydroboration of Imines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3990-3994. [PMID: 29446188 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201800421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The first catalytic inverse hydroboration of imines with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) boranes has been realized by means of cooperative organocatalysis and photocatalysis. This catalytic combination provides a promising platform for promoting NHC-boryl radical chemistry under sustainable and radical-initiator-free conditions. The highly important functional-group compatibility and possible application in late-stage hydroborations represent an important step forward to an enhanced α-amino organoboron library.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengneng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Ai Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Chengjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
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103
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Bamford KL, Longobardi LE, Liu L, Grimme S, Stephan DW. FLP reduction and hydroboration of phenanthrene o-iminoquinones and α-diimines. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:5308-5319. [PMID: 28382362 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01024a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Redox active, or non-innocent, ligands containing O or N heteroatoms are frequently used in transition metal complexes, imparting unique catalytic properties, but have seen comparatively limited use in the chemistry of group 13 elements. In this article we report the frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) hydrogenation and hydroboration of an N-aryl-phenanthrene-o-iminoquinone and two N,N'-diaryl-phenanthrene α-diimines. These reactions exploit B(C6F5)3/H2, HB(C6F5)2 and H2BC6F5·SMe2 to give a series of derivatives including 1,3,2-oxaza- and diazaboroles and borocyclic radicals. The reaction pathways leading to these products are outlined and supported by DFT-calculations and experimental insight. The modular and unusual synthetic strategies described herein give access to new boroles as well as air-stable boron-containing radicals, thus extending the chemistry of redox active ligands in main group systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlee L Bamford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
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104
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Yu YJ, Zhang FL, Cheng J, Hei JH, Deng WT, Wang YF. Lewis Base–Boryl Radicals Enabled the Desulfurizative Reduction and Annulation of Thioamides. Org Lett 2017; 20:24-27. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- You-Jie Yu
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Feng-Lian Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jing-Hao Hei
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wei-Ting Deng
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yi-Feng Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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105
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106
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Walton JC, McFadden TR, Curran DP. Generation and Structure of Unique Boriranyl Radicals. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:16514-16517. [PMID: 29099598 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Three-member ring boracyclopropanes (boriranes) with N-heterocyclic carbene substituents were prepared by a recently discovered route. H atoms were selectively abstracted from the boron atoms by t-butoxyl radicals and this enabled boriranyl radicals to be detected and characterized by EPR spectroscopy for the first time. Their EPR parameters indicated they had planar π-character. From competition experiments, the rate constant for H atom abstraction was determined and found to be about 2 orders of magnitude less than for NHC-boranes. The B-H BDE of an NHC-borirane was estimated to be about 95 kcal mol-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Walton
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews , St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy R McFadden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Dennis P Curran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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107
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Thorsheim K, Manner S, Ellervik U. Expanding the scope of methyl xanthate esters - From Barton-McCombie reaction auxiliary to versatile protective group. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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108
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Rosenthal AJ, Mallet-Ladeira S, Bouhadir G, Sosa-Carrizo ED, Miqueu K, Bourissou D. B-Centered Reactivity of Persistent P-Stabilized Boryl Radicals. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amos J. Rosenthal
- CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (FR 2599), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Ghenwa Bouhadir
- CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
| | - Eric-Daiann Sosa-Carrizo
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, France
| | - Karinne Miqueu
- CNRS/UNIV PAU & PAYS ADOUR, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux, Hélioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Angot, 64053 Pau Cedex 09, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (LHFA, UMR 5069), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 09, France
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109
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Ge JT, Li YY, Tian J, Liao RZ, Dong H. Synthesis of Deoxyglycosides by Desulfurization under UV Light. J Org Chem 2017; 82:7008-7014. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Tao Ge
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China
| | - Jun Tian
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China
| | - Hai Dong
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, P.R. China
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110
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Fawcett A, Pradeilles J, Wang Y, Mutsuga T, Myers EL, Aggarwal VK. Photoinduced decarboxylative borylation of carboxylic acids. Science 2017; 357:283-286. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aan3679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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111
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Vara BA, Patel NR, Molander GA. O-Benzyl Xanthate Esters under Ni/Photoredox Dual Catalysis: Selective Radical Generation and Csp 3-Csp 2 Cross-Coupling. ACS Catal 2017; 7:3955-3959. [PMID: 28603657 PMCID: PMC5460664 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b00772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alkyl xanthate esters are perhaps best known for their use in deoxygenation chemistry. However, their use in cross-coupling chemistry has not been productive, which is due, in part, to inadequate xanthate activation strategies. Herein, we report the use of O-benzyl xanthate esters, readily derived from alcohols, as radical pronucleophiles in Csp3-Csp2 cross-couplings under Ni/photoredox dual catalysis. Xanthate (C-O) cleavage is found to be reliant on photogenerated (sec-butyl) radical activators to form new carbon-centered radicals primed for nickel-catalyzed cross-couplings. Mechanistic experiments support the fact that the key radical components are formed independently, and relative rates are carefully orchestrated, such that no cross reactivity is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A. Vara
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Niki R. Patel
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Gary A. Molander
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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112
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Supranovich VI, Levin VV, Struchkova MI, Korlyukov AA, Dilman AD. Radical Silyldifluoromethylation of Electron-Deficient Alkenes. Org Lett 2017; 19:3215-3218. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav I. Supranovich
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky prosp. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vitalij V. Levin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky prosp. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Marina I. Struchkova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky prosp. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander A. Korlyukov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Vavilov str. 28, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander D. Dilman
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky prosp. 47, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
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113
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Ren SC, Zhang FL, Qi J, Huang YS, Xu AQ, Yan HY, Wang YF. Radical Borylation/Cyclization Cascade of 1,6-Enynes for the Synthesis of Boron-Handled Hetero- and Carbocycles. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:6050-6053. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Chao Ren
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Feng-Lian Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jing Qi
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yun-Shuai Huang
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ai-Qing Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hong-Yi Yan
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yi-Feng Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory
for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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114
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Watanabe T, Hirose D, Curran DP, Taniguchi T. Borylative Radical Cyclizations of Benzo[3,4]cyclodec-3-ene-1,5-diynes and N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Boranes. Chemistry 2017; 23:5404-5409. [PMID: 28205265 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201700689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Borylative radical cyclization of benzo[3,4]cyclodec-3-ene-1,5-diynes to provide 5-borylated 6,7,8,9-tetrahydrobenzo[a]azulenes has been developed. The experimental results suggest that the reaction proceeds by a radical chain mechanism, in which di-tert-butyl hyponitrite (TBHN) works as a good radical initiator to form boryl radicals from N-heterocyclic carbene-boranes (NHC-boranes). The present reaction is a rare model that illustrates addition of boryl radicals to alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Watanabe
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hirose
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Dennis P Curran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Tsuyoshi Taniguchi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
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115
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Wang G, Cao J, Gao L, Chen W, Huang W, Cheng X, Li S. Metal-Free Synthesis of C-4 Substituted Pyridine Derivatives Using Pyridine-boryl Radicals via a Radical Addition/Coupling Mechanism: A Combined Computational and Experimental Study. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:3904-3910. [PMID: 28212014 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory investigations revealed that the pyridine-boryl radical generated in situ using 4-cyanopyridine and bis(pinacolato)diboron could be used as a bifunctional "reagent", which serves as not only a pyridine precursor but also a boryl radical. With the unique reactivity of such radicals, 4-substituted pyridine derivatives could be synthesized using α,β-unsaturated ketones and 4-cyanopyridine via a novel radical addition/C-C coupling mechanism. Several controlled experiments were conducted to provide supportive evidence for the proposed mechanism. In addition to enones, the scope could be extended to a wide range of boryl radical acceptors, including various aldehydes and ketones, aryl imines and alkynones. Lastly, this transformation was applied in the late-stage modification of a complicated pharmaceutical molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jia Cao
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical engineering, Yan'an University , Yan'an 716000, P. R. China
| | - Liuzhou Gao
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Wenxin Chen
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Material, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Huang
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Material, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Institute of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Material, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University , Nankai P. R. China
| | - Shuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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116
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Wu C, Hou X, Zheng Y, Li P, Lu D. Electrophilicity and Nucleophilicity of Boryl Radicals. J Org Chem 2017; 82:2898-2905. [PMID: 28224797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We carried out a survey of the relative reactivity of a collection of 91 neutral boryl radicals using density functional calculations. Their reactivities were characterized by four indices, i.e., the global electrophilicity, global nucleophilicity, local electrophilicity, and local nucleophilicity. Particularly, the global electrophilicity and nucleophilicity indices span over a moderately wider range than those of carbon radicals, indicating their potentially broader reactivity. Thus, boryl radicals may be utilized in electrophilic radical reactions, while traditionally they are only considered for nucleophilic radical reactions. In contrast, the local electrophilicity and nucleophilicity indices at the boron center show a different reactivity picture than their global counterparts. The inconsistency is rooted in the low and varying spin density on boron (for most radicals, less than 50%) in different boryl radicals, which is a combinative result of radical stabilization via electron delocalization and the low electronegativity of boron (compared to carbon). In short, the boron character in boryl radicals may be weak and their reactivity is not reflected by the local indices based on boron but by the global ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Xiufang Hou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan'an University , Yan'an 716000, China
| | - Yuheng Zheng
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Dongmei Lu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
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117
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Wang MH, Chen LY. An efficient FeCl 3 -mediated approach for reduction of ketones through N -heterocyclic carbene boranes. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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118
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Yu L, Li Y, Wang X, Wang X, Zhou P, Jiang S, Pan X. Consecutive reduction, radical-cyclization, and oxidative-dehydrogenation reaction of ortho-substituted diboryl compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:9737-9740. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc05689c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An elegant synthetic route to a ladder-type di-borate compound 2a was reported based on the reduction, radical-cyclization, and oxidative-dehydrogenation reaction of 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Yanglizhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Xingyong Wang
- School of Chemistry
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong
- Australia
| | - Panpan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
| | - Shangda Jiang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Perking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Xiaobo Pan
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000
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119
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Wang J, Zheng W, Ding L, Wang Y. Computational study on C–B homolytic bond dissociation enthalpies of organoboron compounds. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj02887j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The theoretical study of three hybridized C–B BDEs with different substituents can provide corresponding guidance to experimental research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiaoYang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science
- Shanghai 201620
- China
| | - WenRui Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science
- Shanghai 201620
- China
| | - LanLan Ding
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science
- Shanghai 201620
- China
| | - YingXing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai University of Engineering Science
- Shanghai 201620
- China
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120
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Longobardi LE, Zatsepin P, Korol R, Liu L, Grimme S, Stephan DW. Reactions of Boron-Derived Radicals with Nucleophiles. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 139:426-435. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E. Longobardi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Pavel Zatsepin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Roman Korol
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Lei Liu
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut fuer Physikalische und
Theoretische Chemie, Universitaet Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut fuer Physikalische und
Theoretische Chemie, Universitaet Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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121
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Silva Valverde MF, Schweyen P, Gisinger D, Bannenberg T, Freytag M, Kleeberg C, Tamm M. Durch N-heterocyclische Carbene stabilisierte Borylradikale. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel F. Silva Valverde
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Peter Schweyen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Daria Gisinger
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Thomas Bannenberg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Christian Kleeberg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Matthias Tamm
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
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122
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Silva Valverde MF, Schweyen P, Gisinger D, Bannenberg T, Freytag M, Kleeberg C, Tamm M. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Stabilized Boryl Radicals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 56:1135-1140. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel F. Silva Valverde
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Peter Schweyen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Daria Gisinger
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Thomas Bannenberg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Matthias Freytag
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Christian Kleeberg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Matthias Tamm
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Technische Universität Braunschweig; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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123
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular
Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Lei Jiao
- Center of Basic Molecular
Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
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124
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Yoshimura A, Takamachi Y, Mihara K, Saeki T, Kawaguchi SI, Han LB, Nomoto A, Ogawa A. Photoinduced metal-free diboration of alkynes in the presence of organophosphine catalysts. Tetrahedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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125
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Huang JS, Lee WH, Shen CT, Lin YF, Liu YH, Peng SM, Chiu CW. Cp*-Substituted Boron Cations: The Effect of NHC, NHO, and CAAC Ligands. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:12427-12434. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jih-Sheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hua Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Tang Shen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fan Lin
- Department
of Medical and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan First Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hung Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shie-Ming Peng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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126
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Tambutet G, Guindon Y. Diastereoselective Radical Hydrogen Transfer Reactions using N-Heterocyclic Carbene Boranes. J Org Chem 2016; 81:11427-11431. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Tambutet
- Bio-Organic
Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
- Département
de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Yvan Guindon
- Bio-Organic
Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
- Département
de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Québec H3A 2K6, Canada
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127
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Olefin Hydroborations with Diamidocarbene–BH3 Adducts at Room Temperature. Catalysts 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/catal6090141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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128
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129
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Wang H, Zhang J, Lin Z, Xie Z. Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Carbene-Stabilized Carborane-Fused Azaborolyl Radical Cation and Dicarbollyl-Fused Azaborole. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiji Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,
Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People’s Republic of China
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130
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Walton JC. Synthetic Strategies for 5- and 6-Membered Ring Azaheterocycles Facilitated by Iminyl Radicals. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050660. [PMID: 27213311 PMCID: PMC6273063 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The totality of chemical space is so immense that only a small fraction can ever be explored. Computational searching has indicated that bioactivity is associated with a comparatively small number of ring-containing structures. Pyrrole, indole, pyridine, quinoline, quinazoline and related 6-membered ring-containing aza-arenes figure prominently. This review focuses on the search for fast, efficient and environmentally friendly preparative methods for these rings with specific emphasis on iminyl radical-mediated procedures. Oxime derivatives, particularly oxime esters and oxime ethers, are attractive precursors for these radicals. Their use is described in conventional thermolytic, microwave-assisted and UV-vis based preparative procedures. Photoredox-catalyzed protocols involving designer oxime ethers are also covered. Choice can be made amongst these synthetic strategies for a wide variety of 5- and 6-membered ring heterocycles including phenanthridine and related aza-arenes. Applications to selected natural products and bioactive molecules, including trispheridine, vasconine, luotonin A and rutaecarpine, are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Walton
- University of St. Andrews, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK.
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131
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Longobardi LE, Liu L, Grimme S, Stephan DW. Stable Borocyclic Radicals via Frustrated Lewis Pair Hydrogenations. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:2500-3. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E. Longobardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George
Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George
Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George
Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George
Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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132
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Lastovickova DN, Bielawski CW. Diamidocarbene Induced B–H Activation: A New Class of Initiator-Free Olefin Hydroboration Reagents. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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133
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Zhao D, Xie Z. Visible-Light-Promoted Photocatalytic B−C Coupling via a Boron-Centered Carboranyl Radical: Facile Synthesis of B(3)-Arylatedo-Carboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:3166-70. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Da Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic, Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic, Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong China
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134
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Zhao D, Xie Z. Visible-Light-Promoted Photocatalytic B−C Coupling via a Boron-Centered Carboranyl Radical: Facile Synthesis of B(3)-Arylatedo-Carboranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Da Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic, Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong China
| | - Zuowei Xie
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic, Chemistry; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; Shatin, N.T. Hong Kong China
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135
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Nguyen TAN, Huynh TPL, Le TH, Pham VT, Dang TH. A Comparison of Donor-acceptor Interactions in Borane Complexes of Divalent Tetrylenes(II) and Divalent Tetrylones(0) using Energy Decomposition Analysis Method with Natural Orbital for Chemical Valence Theory. SMART SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/23080477.2016.1168634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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136
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Ledet AD, Hudnall TW. Reduction of a diamidocarbene-supported borenium cation: isolation of a neutral boryl-substituted radical and a carbene-stabilized aminoborylene. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:9820-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00300a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized the first diamidocarbene (DAC)-supported borenium salt which was found to readily undergo two sequential 1-electron reductions to give a boryl-substituted DAC-centred radical and a DAC-supported aminoborylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony D. Ledet
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas State University
- San Marcos
- USA
| | - Todd W. Hudnall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Texas State University
- San Marcos
- USA
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137
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Liu T, Chen LY, Sun Z. Asymmetric Reduction of tert-Butanesulfinyl Ketimines by N-Heterocyclic Carbene Boranes. J Org Chem 2015; 80:11441-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling-yan Chen
- College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhihua Sun
- College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, 333 Longteng Road, Shanghai, China
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138
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Telitel S, Vallet AL, Flanigan DM, Graff B, Morlet-Savary F, Rovis T, Lalevée J, Lacôte E. Influence of Electronic Effects on the Reactivity of Triazolylidene-Boryl Radicals: Consequences for the use of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Boranes in Organic and Polymer Synthesis. Chemistry 2015; 21:13772-7. [PMID: 26239157 PMCID: PMC4986694 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A small library of triazolylidene-boranes that differ only in the nature of the aryl group on the external nitrogen atom was prepared. Their reactivity as hydrogen-atom donors, as well as that of the corresponding N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-boryl radicals toward methyl acrylate and oxygen, was investigated by laser flash photolysis, molecular orbital calculations, and ESR spin-trapping experiments, and benchmarked relative to the already known dimethyltriazolylidene-borane. The new NHC-boranes were also used as co-initiators for the Type I photopolymerization of acrylates. This allowed a structure-reactivity relationship with regard to the substitution pattern of the NHC to be established and the role of electronic effects in the reactivity of NHC-boryl radicals to be probed. Although their rate of addition to methyl acrylate depends on their electronegativity, the radicals are all nucleophilic and good initiators for photopolymerization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Telitel
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M - UMR CNRS 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, 15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3-89-33-60-69
| | - Anne-Laure Vallet
- ICSN CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex (France)
| | - Darrin M Flanigan
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 (USA)
| | - Bernadette Graff
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M - UMR CNRS 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, 15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3-89-33-60-69
| | - Fabrice Morlet-Savary
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M - UMR CNRS 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, 15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3-89-33-60-69
| | - Tomislav Rovis
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 (USA)
| | - Jacques Lalevée
- Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M - UMR CNRS 7361, Université de Haute-Alsace, 15 rue Jean Starcky, 68057 Mulhouse Cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 3-89-33-60-69.
| | - Emmanuel Lacôte
- ICSN CNRS, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex (France).
- Université de Lyon, Institut de chimie de Lyon, UMR 5265 CNRS-Université Lyon I-ESCPE Lyon, 43 Bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69616 Villeurbanne Cedex (France), Fax: (+33) 4-72-43-17-95.
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139
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Manley DW, Walton JC. Preparative semiconductor photoredox catalysis: An emerging theme in organic synthesis. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:1570-82. [PMID: 26664577 PMCID: PMC4660884 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous semiconductor photoredox catalysis (SCPC), particularly with TiO2, is evolving to provide radically new synthetic applications. In this review we describe how photoactivated SCPCs can either (i) interact with a precursor that donates an electron to the semiconductor thus generating a radical cation; or (ii) interact with an acceptor precursor that picks up an electron with production of a radical anion. The radical cations of appropriate donors convert to neutral radicals usually by loss of a proton. The most efficient donors for synthetic purposes contain adjacent functional groups such that the neutral radicals are resonance stabilized. Thus, ET from allylic alkenes and enol ethers generated allyl type radicals that reacted with 1,2-diazine or imine co-reactants to yield functionalized hydrazones or benzylanilines. SCPC with tertiary amines enabled electron-deficient alkenes to be alkylated and furoquinolinones to be accessed. Primary amines on their own led to self-reactions involving C-N coupling and, with terminal diamines, cyclic amines were produced. Carboxylic acids were particularly fruitful affording C-centered radicals that alkylated alkenes and took part in tandem addition cyclizations producing chromenopyrroles; decarboxylative homo-dimerizations were also observed. Acceptors initially yielding radical anions included nitroaromatics and aromatic iodides. The latter led to hydrodehalogenations and cyclizations with suitable precursors. Reductive SCPC also enabled electron-deficient alkenes and aromatic aldehydes to be hydrogenated without the need for hydrogen gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Manley
- University of St. Andrews, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - John C Walton
- University of St. Andrews, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
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140
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Wu H, Garcia JM, Haeffner F, Radomkit S, Zhugralin AR, Hoveyda AH. Mechanism of NHC-Catalyzed Conjugate Additions of Diboron and Borosilane Reagents to α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:10585-602. [PMID: 26263513 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Broadly applicable enantioselective C-B and C-Si bond-forming processes catalyzed by an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) were recently introduced; these boryl and silyl conjugate addition reactions (BCA and SCA, respectively), which proceed without the need for a transition-metal complex, represent reaction pathways that are distinct from those facilitated by transition-metal-containing species (e.g., Cu, Ni, Pt, Pd, or Rh based). The Lewis-base-catalyzed (NHC) transformations are valuable to chemical synthesis, as they can generate high enantioselectivities and possess unique chemoselectivity profiles. Here, the results of investigations that elucidate the principal features of the NHC-catalyzed BCA and SCA processes are detailed. Spectroscopic evidence is provided illustrating why the presence of excess base and MeOH or H2O is required for efficient and enantioselective boryl and silyl addition reactions. It is demonstrated that the proton sources influence the efficiency and/or enantioselectivity of NHC-catalyzed enantioselective transformations in several ways. The positive, and at times adverse, impact of water (biphasic conditions) on catalytic enantioselective silyl addition reactions is analyzed. It is shown that a proton source can facilitate nonenantioselective background reactions and NHC decomposition, requiring the catalyst to surpass such complications. Stereochemical models are presented that account for the identity of the observed major enantiomers, providing a rationale for the differences in selectivity profiles of BCA and SCA processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College , Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Jeannette M Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College , Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Fredrik Haeffner
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College , Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Suttipol Radomkit
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College , Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Adil R Zhugralin
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College , Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Amir H Hoveyda
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College , Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
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141
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Rosenthal AJ, Devillard M, Miqueu K, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D. A Phosphine-Coordinated Boron-Centered Gomberg-Type Radical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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142
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Rosenthal AJ, Devillard M, Miqueu K, Bouhadir G, Bourissou D. A Phosphine-Coordinated Boron-Centered Gomberg-Type Radical. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:9198-202. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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143
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Kawamoto T, Geib SJ, Curran DP. Radical Reactions of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Boranes with Organic Nitriles: Cyanation of NHC-Boranes and Reductive Decyanation of Malononitriles. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:8617-22. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b04677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuji Kawamoto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Steven J. Geib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Dennis P. Curran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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144
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Ji L, Edkins RM, Lorbach A, Krummenacher I, Brückner C, Eichhorn A, Braunschweig H, Engels B, Low PJ, Marder TB. Electron Delocalization in Reduced Forms of 2-(BMes2)pyrene and 2,7-Bis(BMes2)pyrene. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:6750-3. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b03805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ji
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Robert M. Edkins
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Lorbach
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Brückner
- Institut
für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Straße 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Antonius Eichhorn
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Engels
- Institut
für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Straße 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Paul J. Low
- School
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Todd B. Marder
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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145
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Park J, Song H, Kim Y, Eun B, Kim Y, Bae DY, Park S, Rhee YM, Kim WJ, Kim K, Lee E. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Nitric Oxide Radicals. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:4642-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b01976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junbeom Park
- Department
of Chemistry and §Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoung Song
- Department
of Chemistry and §Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsuk Kim
- Department
of Chemistry and §Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
| | - Bit Eun
- Center
for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry and §Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghwi Kim
- Center
for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry and §Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Young Bae
- Center
for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry and §Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Park
- Center
for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Rhee
- Center
for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry and §Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Jong Kim
- Center
for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry and §Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
| | - Kimoon Kim
- Center
for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry and §Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunsung Lee
- Center
for Self-Assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
- Department
of Chemistry and §Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790−784, Republic of Korea
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146
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Asakawa H, Lee KH, Furukawa K, Lin Z, Yamashita M. Lowering the reduction potential of a boron compound by means of the substituent effect of the boryl group: one-electron reduction of an unsymmetrical diborane(4). Chemistry 2015; 21:4267-71. [PMID: 25639658 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We have clarified and observed the high electron affinity of pinB-BMes2 (1; Mes = mesityl, pin = pinacolato). By using electrochemistry, it was shown that 1 has a higher electron affinity than those of B2pin2 and Mes3B. One-electron reduction of 1 gave the corresponding radical anion. The ESR spectroscopy and DFT calculation revealed the unsymmetrical distribution of electron density over the B-B bond. UV/Vis spectroscopy showed that the SOMO-related absorption supports the deep purple color of the radical anion. DFT studies on the torsion angle dependency of the LUMO levels and relative energies revealed the reason why 1 has high electron affinity as a result of the substituent effect of the Bpin group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Asakawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27, Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, 112-8551 Tokyo (Japan) http://www.chem.chuo-u.ac.jp/∼element/index-e.html
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147
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Akbari A, Golzadeh B, Arshadi S, Kassaee MZ. A quest for stable 2,5-bis(halobora)cyclopentenylidene and its Si, Ge, Sn and Pb analogs at theoretical levels. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04911c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interesting π- and σ-bond hyperconjugations cause the unusual stability of the puckered Arduengo type divalents with electron deficient boron atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Akbari
- Department of Chemistry
- Payame Noor University (PNU)
- 19395-4697 Tehran
- Iran
| | - Babak Golzadeh
- Department of Chemistry
- Payame Noor University (PNU)
- 19395-4697 Tehran
- Iran
| | - Sattar Arshadi
- Department of Chemistry
- Payame Noor University (PNU)
- 19395-4697 Tehran
- Iran
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148
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149
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Ghadwal RS, Schürmann CJ, Andrada DM, Frenking G. Mono- and di-cationic hydrido boron compounds. Dalton Trans 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt02237a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stable mono- and di-cationic hydrido boron compounds featuring CH2BH2(μ-H)BH2CH2 and CH2BH(μ-H)2BHCH2 cores are readily accessible by dehydrogenative hydride abstractions. NBO calculations revealed the occurrence of two B–H–B 3c–2e bonds in the HB(μ-H)2BH moiety of di-cations (7 and 8), where 43% is located at the H bridges and ∼28% at each boron atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra S. Ghadwal
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Universität Bielefeld
- 33615 Bielefeld
- Germany
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
| | - Christian J. Schürmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
- 37077 Göttingen
- Germany
| | - Diego M. Andrada
- Fachbereich Chemie
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35032 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Fachbereich Chemie
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- 35032 Marburg
- Germany
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150
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Liu C, Shi E, Xu F, Luo Q, Wang H, Chen J, Wan X. Combination of fluoroalkylation and Kornblum–DeLaMare reaction: a new strategy for the construction of (Z)-β-perfluoroalkyl enaminones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:1214-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc07833k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A novel strategy has been developed for the highly chemo- and stereo-selective synthesis of (Z)-β-perfluoroalkyl enaminones via a multicomponent radical reaction involving sequential fluoroalkylation and Kornblum–DeLaMare reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- 215123 Suzhou
| | - Erbo Shi
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- 215123 Suzhou
| | - Feng Xu
- SABIC Technology Center
- Riyadh 11551
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Qiang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- 215123 Suzhou
| | - Hongxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- 215123 Suzhou
| | - Jijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- 215123 Suzhou
| | - Xiaobing Wan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- 215123 Suzhou
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