Spatiotemporal occurrence and characteristics of microplastics in the urban road dust in a megacity, eastern China

The pervasive issue of microplastics pollution has garnered public attention, yet urban residents remain unaware of the threat within their living spaces. Urban road dust, as primary reservoirs for environmental microplastics, offers an insightful perspective into their occurrence and characteristics. This study investigated microplastics in the urban road dust in Nanjing, a megacity in eastern China, to reveal their spatiotemporal pattern. The abundance of microplastics in the road dust measured 143.3 ± 40.8 particles/m2, with predominant fragments and suspected tire wear particles, particularly those below 100 µm. Significant spatial variations were observed across urban functional zones (P < 0.05), with commercial and heavy industrial areas experiencing the highest microplastic pollution (up to 223.5 particles/m2). Infrared spectroscopy analysis identified 29 polymer types, with polystyrene (PS), polyamide (PA), and polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) prevailing. Light industrial zones exhibited slight contamination (mean = 93.4 particles/m2) but with diverse polymer components (24 types). Redundancy analysis and variation partitioning revealed that urban functional zoning, 7-day accumulated precipitation, and monthly PM2.5 primarily influenced the occurrence and characteristics of microplastics in urban road dust (P = 0.001). This study deepened our understanding of microplastics pollution in urban environments, providing novel insights for effective urban environmental management and improvement.

A 15-Inflammation-Related Gene Signature Predicts the Prognosis of Patients With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Chronic inflammation promotes the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and PDAC-related inflammatory tumor microenvironment facilitates tumor growth and metastasis. Thus, we aimed to study the association between inflammatory response and prognosis in patients with PDAC. We conducted the whole transcriptomic sequencing using tissue samples collected from patients diagnosed with PDAC (n = 106) recruited from Shandong Cancer Hospital. We first constructed a prognostic signature using 15 inflammation-related genes in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort (n = 177) and further validated it in an independent International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohort (n = 90) and our in-house cohort. PDAC patients with a higher risk score had poorer overall survival (OS) (P < 0.001; HR, 3.02; 95% CI, 1.94-4.70). The association between the prognostic signature and OS remained significant in the multivariable Cox regression adjusting for age, sex, alcohol exposure, diabetes, and stage (P < 0.001; HR, 2.91; 95% CI, 1.73-4.89). This gene signature also robustly predicted prognosis in the ICGC cohort (P = 0.01; HR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.14-3.30) and our cohort (P < 0.001; HR, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.45-3.97). Immune subtype C3 (inflammatory) was enriched and CD8+ T cells were higher in patients with a lower risk score (P < 0.05). Furthermore, PDAC patients with higher risk scores were more sensitive to chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and PARP inhibitors (P < 0.05). In sum, we identified a novel gene signature that was associated with inflammatory response for risk stratification, prognosis prediction, and therapy guidance in PDAC patients. Future studies are warranted to validate the clinical utility of the signature.

Spatiotemporal distribution, source apportionment, and ecological risk of bisphenol analogues in a highly urbanized river basin

Bisphenol analogues (BPs), as one of the endocrine disruptors, have received wide attention due to their adverse impacts on ecosystems. However, the seasonal spatiotemporal distribution, source apportionment, and ecological risk of BPs in natural basins are poorly understood. Especially in highly urbanized river basins with the extensive economic development and anthropogenic activities threaten these critical but ecologically fragile regions. In this study, field investigations of BPs in the waters of the entire Qinhuai River Basin (QRB) were conducted in June (before the annual flood period) and August (after the annual flood period) 2023. The Qinhuai River, an important primary tributary of the lower Yangtze River, is located in eastern China and the QRB is characterized by a high population density and dense urbanization. Thirty-two sites were sampled for six types of BPs known to be ubiquitous in the surface water of the QRB. Significant differences in the concentrations of those BPs were found. Specifically, the concentration of total BPs (ΣBPs) was significantly higher before than after the flood period: 20.3-472 ng/L (mean = 146 ng/L) and 14.1-105 ng/L (mean = 35.9 ng/L), respectively. BPA was the main contributor to ΣBPs before the flood, and BPB followed by BPA after the flood. ΣBP concentrations were 12-241 % higher downstream than upstream of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The results of a principal component analysis followed by multiple linear regression (PCA-MLR) suggested that untreated wastewater discharge from the WWTPs is an important source of BPs in the basin, with urban rainfall runoff as another potential source after the flood period. An assessment of the ecological risk of BPs, based on a calculation of the risk quotient, showed that BPA and BPS should be given due attention, and overall ecological risk of BPs pose a low risk to local algae but high and medium risks to invertebrates and fish, respectively.

Occurrence, source apportionment, and ecological risk of legacy and emerging per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the Dahei river basin of a typical arid region in China

Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are artificial chemicals with broad commercial and industrial applications. Many studies about PFASs have been conducted in densely industrial and populated regions. However, fewer studies have focused on the PFASs' status in a typical arid region. Here, we investigated 30 legacy and emerging PFASs in surface water from the mainstream and tributaries of the Dahei River. Our results revealed that total PFASs concentrations (∑30PFASs) in water ranged from 3.13 to 289.1 ng/L (mean: 25.40 ng/L). Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) had the highest mean concentration of 2.44 ng/L with a 100% detection frequency (DF), followed by perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) (mean concentration: 1.34 ng/L, DF: 59.26%). Also, perfluorohexane sulfonate (DF: 44.44%), perfluorobutane sulfonate (DF: 88.89%), and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) (DF: 92.59%) had mean concentrations of 12.94, 2.00, and 1.05 ng/L, respectively. Source apportionment through ratio analysis and principal component analysis-multiple linear regression analysis showed that treated or untreated sewage, aqueous film-forming foam, degradation of precursors, and fluoropolymer production were the primary sources. The PFOS alternatives were more prevalent than those of PFOA. Conductivity, total phosphorus, and chlorophyll a positively correlated with Σ30PFASs and total perfluoroalkane sulfonates concentrations. Furthermore, ecological risk assessment showed that more attention should be paid to perfluorooctadecanoic acid, perfluorohexadecanoic acid, perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorohexane sulfonate, and (6:2 and 6:2/8:2) polyfluoroalkyl phosphate mono- and di-esters. The mass load of PFASs to the Yellow River was 1.28 kg/year due to the low annual runoff in the Dahei River in the arid region. This study provides baseline data for PFASs in the Dahei River that can aid in the development of effective management strategies for controlling PFASs pollution in typical arid regions in China.

ZFP541 and KCTD19 regulate chromatin organization and transcription programs for male meiotic progression

The successful progression of meiosis prophase I requires integrating information from the structural and molecular levels. In this study, we show that ZFP541 and KCTD19 work in the same genetic pathway to regulate the progression of male meiosis and thus fertility. The Zfp541 and/or Kctd19 knockout male mice show various structural and recombination defects including detached chromosome ends, aberrant localization of chromosome axis components and recombination proteins, and globally altered histone modifications. Further analyses on RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, and ATAC-seq data provide molecular evidence for the above defects and reveal that ZFP541/KCTD19 activates the expression of many genes by repressing several major transcription repressors. More importantly, we reveal an unexpected role of ZFP541/KCTD19 in directly modulating chromatin organization. These results suggest that ZFP541/KCTD19 simultaneously regulates the transcription cascade and chromatin organization to ensure the coordinated progression of multiple events at chromosome structural and biochemical levels during meiosis prophase I.

Prognostic factors for postoperative papillary thyroid cancer with unexplained elevated Tg: A retrospective study

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the underlying reasons for unexplained elevated thyroglobulin (Tg) in postoperative papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients according to follow-up results post RAT and to explore the long-term clinical outcomes and prognostic factors associated with these patients.

Methods

From April 2016 to June 2019, a retrospective study was conducted on postoperative PTC patients who underwent RAT at our institution. Patients with preablative stimulated thyroglobulin (psTg) > 10 ng/mL but no structurally evident disease were enrolled. The causal categorization for elevated Tg was analyzed 6 months post RAT and the long-term therapeutic responses were assessed at the end of follow-up. To identify risk factors influencing recurrence-free survival (RFS), both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were employed. Kaplan-Meier method was utilized for plotting survival curves.

Results

A cohort of 165 subjects was enrolled for the analyses. Based on the results of a six-month follow-up, the postoperative unexplained elevated Tg among 165 patients could be ultimately attributed to thyroid remnant in 13.94% (23/165), biochemical disease in 60.00% (99/165), and structural disease in 26.06% (43/165). With a median follow-up of 58 months, 51 (30.91%), 34 (20.60%), 21 (12.73%), and 59 (35.76%) of the 165 patients achieved ER, IDR, BIR and SIR, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that N stage, TNM stage and suppressed Tg 6 months post RAT may be prognostic factors affecting RFS. Multivariate analysis showed that N1b stage [HR:2.749, P = 0.003] and II/III stage [HR:2.910, P = 0.001] were independent risk factors for RFS.

Conclusion

The proportion of 165 postoperative PTC patients with unexplained elevated Tg developing structural disease within nearly 5 years was over 30%. Patients with N1b stage and higher TNM stage were more likely to develop structural disease.

Amplitude Analysis of the B^{0}→K^{*0}μ^{+}μ^{-} Decay

An amplitude analysis of the B^{0}→K^{*0}μ^{+}μ^{-} decay is presented using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.7  fb^{-1} of pp collision data collected with the LHCb experiment. For the first time, the coefficients associated to short-distance physics effects, sensitive to processes beyond the standard model, are extracted directly from the data through a q^{2}-unbinned amplitude analysis, where q^{2} is the μ^{+}μ^{-} invariant mass squared. Long-distance contributions, which originate from nonfactorizable QCD processes, are systematically investigated, and the most accurate assessment to date of their impact on the physical observables is obtained. The pattern of measured corrections to the short-distance couplings is found to be consistent with previous analyses of b- to s-quark transitions, with the largest discrepancy from the standard model predictions found to be at the level of 1.8 standard deviations. The global significance of the observed differences in the decay is 1.4 standard deviations.

New findings on CD16brightCD62Ldim neutrophil subtypes in sepsis-associated ARDS: an observational clinical study

Background

The CD16brightCD62Ldim neutrophil subtype is a recently identified neutrophil subtype. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes of peripheral blood CD16brightCD62Ldim neutrophils in patients with sepsis-associated ARDS.

Methods

We prospectively recruited adult patients with sepsis-associated ARDS in the intensive care unit (ICU). Patient demographic data, medical history information, and laboratory data were collected within 48 hours of enrollment, and flow cytometry was applied to analyze the CD16brightCD62Ldim neutrophil subtype in the patients' peripheral blood. Multifactor COX regression models were used to analyze factors affecting prognosis, and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to analyze clinical and laboratory indicators affecting complications of infection.

Results

Of the 40 patients, 9 patients died by the 28-day follow-up, indicating a mortality rate of 22.5%. Patients in the nonsurvival group had higher CD16brightCD62Ldim neutrophil levels. Patients with sepsis-associated ARDS who had a baseline proportion of CD16brightCD62Ldim neutrophil subtypes to total neutrophils in peripheral blood >3.73% had significantly higher 28-day mortality, while patients with CD16brightCD62Ldim neutrophil subtypes counts >2.62×109/L were also associated with significantly higher 28-day mortality. The percentage of the CD16brightCD62Ldim neutrophil subtype (HR=5.305, 95% CI 1.986-14.165, p=0.001) and IL-8 (HR=3.852, 95% CI 1.561-9.508, p=0.003) were independent risk factors for the development of infectious complications in patients with sepsis-related ARDS. The percentage of CD16brightCD62Ldim neutrophil subtypes predicted an AUC of 0.806 (95% CI 0.147-0.964, P=0.003) for the development of infectious complications, and 0.742 (95% CI 0.589-0.895, P=0.029) for the prediction of death within 28 days.

Conclusion

We identified for the first time that CD16brightCD62Ldim neutrophils are elevated in patients with sepsis-associated ARDS and are associated with infectious complications and poor prognosis. The percentage of CD16brightCD62Ldim neutrophil subtypes may serve as a predictor of the development of infectious complications in patients with ARDS.

Fraction of χ_{c} Decays in Prompt J/ψ Production Measured in pPb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16 TeV

The fraction of χ_{c1} and χ_{c2} decays in the prompt J/ψ yield, F_{χ_{c}→J/ψ}=σ_{χ_{c}→J/ψ}/σ_{J/ψ}, is measured by the LHCb detector in pPb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=8.16  TeV. The study covers the forward (1.5 Collapse

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Affiliation(s)

R Aaij Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
A S W Abdelmotteleb Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
C Abellan Beteta Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
F Abudinén Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
T Ackernley Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
B Adeva Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
M Adinolfi H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
P Adlarson Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
C Agapopoulou European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
C A Aidala University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
Z Ajaltouni Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
S Akar University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
K Akiba Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
P Albicocco INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
J Albrecht Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
F Alessio European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M Alexander School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
A Alfonso Albero ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Z Aliouche Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
P Alvarez Cartelle Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
R Amalric LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
S Amato Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
J L Amey H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
Y Amhis Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
L An School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
L Anderlini INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
M Andersson Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
A Andreianov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
P Andreola Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
M Andreotti INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
D Andreou Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
A A Anelli INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
D Ao University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
F Archilli INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
M Argenton INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
S Arguedas Cuendis Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), San Jose, Costa Rica
A Artamonov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Artuso Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
E Aslanides Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
M Atzeni Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
B Audurier Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
D Bacher Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
I Bachiller Perea Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
S Bachmann Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
M Bachmayer Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
J J Back Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
A Bailly-Reyre LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
P Baladron Rodriguez Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
V Balagura Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
W Baldini INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
J Baptista de Souza Leite Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
M Barbetti INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
I R Barbosa Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
R J Barlow Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
S Barsuk Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
W Barter School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
M Bartolini Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
F Baryshnikov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
J M Basels I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
G Bassi INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
B Batsukh Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
A Battig Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
A Bay Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
A Beck Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
M Becker Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
F Bedeschi INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
I B Bediaga Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
A Beiter Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
S Belin Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
V Bellee Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
K Belous Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
I Belov INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
I Belyaev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
G Benane Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
G Bencivenni INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
E Ben-Haim LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
A Berezhnoy Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
R Bernet Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
S Bernet Andres DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
H C Bernstein Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
C Bertella Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
A Bertolin Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
C Betancourt Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
F Betti School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
J Bex Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
Ia Bezshyiko Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
J Bhom Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
M S Bieker Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
N V Biesuz INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
P Billoir LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
A Biolchini Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
M Birch Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
F C R Bishop Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
A Bitadze Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
A Bizzeti School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), San Jose, Costa Rica Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg, Germany Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland NSC Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (NSC KIPT), Kharkiv, Ukraine Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China) Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China) Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China) School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China) Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France) Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany) Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary (associated with European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland) Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands) Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands) Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland) Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom) University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA) Departement de Physique Nucleaire (SPhN), Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
M P Blago Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
T Blake Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
F Blanc Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
J E Blank Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
S Blusk Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
D Bobulska School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
V Bocharnikov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
J A Boelhauve Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
O Boente Garcia Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
T Boettcher University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
A Bohare School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
A Boldyrev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
C S Bolognani Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
R Bolzonella INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
N Bondar Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
F Borgato Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
S Borghi Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
M Borsato INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
J T Borsuk Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
S A Bouchiba Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
T J V Bowcock Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
A Boyer European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
C Bozzi INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
M J Bradley Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
S Braun University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
A Brea Rodriguez Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
N Breer Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
J Brodzicka Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
A Brossa Gonzalo Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
J Brown Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
D Brundu INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
A Buonaura Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
L Buonincontri Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
A T Burke Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
C Burr European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
A Bursche Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
A Butkevich Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
J S Butter Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
J Buytaert European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
W Byczynski European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
S Cadeddu INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
H Cai School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
R Calabrese INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
L Calefice Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
S Cali INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
M Calvi INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
M Calvo Gomez DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
J Cambon Bouzas Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
P Campana INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
D H Campora Perez Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
A F Campoverde Quezada University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
S Capelli INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
L Capriotti INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
R Caravaca-Mora Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), San Jose, Costa Rica
A Carbone INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
L Carcedo Salgado Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
R Cardinale INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
A Cardini INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
P Carniti INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
L Carus Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
A Casais Vidal Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
R Caspary Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
G Casse Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
J Castro Godinez Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), San Jose, Costa Rica
M Cattaneo European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
G Cavallero INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
V Cavallini INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
S Celani Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
J Cerasoli Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
D Cervenkov Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
S Cesare INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
A J Chadwick Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
I Chahrour University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
M Charles LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
Ph Charpentier European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
C A Chavez Barajas Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
M Chefdeville Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
C Chen Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
S Chen Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
A Chernov Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
S Chernyshenko Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
V Chobanova Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
S Cholak Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
M Chrzaszcz Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
A Chubykin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
V Chulikov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
P Ciambrone INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
M F Cicala Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
X Cid Vidal Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
G Ciezarek European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
P Cifra European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
P E L Clarke School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
M Clemencic European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
H V Cliff Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
J Closier European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
J L Cobbledick Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
C Cocha Toapaxi Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
V Coco European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
J Cogan Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
E Cogneras Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
L Cojocariu Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
P Collins European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
T Colombo European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
A Comerma-Montells ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
L Congedo INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
A Contu INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
N Cooke School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
I Corredoira Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
A Correia LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
G Corti European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
J J Cottee Meldrum H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
B Couturier European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
D C Craik Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
M Cruz Torres Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
R Currie School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
C L Da Silva Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
S Dadabaev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
L Dai School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
X Dai School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
E Dall'Occo Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
J Dalseno Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
C D'Ambrosio European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
J Daniel Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
A Danilina Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
P d'Argent INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
A Davidson Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
J E Davies Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
A Davis Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
O De Aguiar Francisco Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
C De Angelis INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
J de Boer Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
K De Bruyn Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
S De Capua Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
M De Cian Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
U De Freitas Carneiro Da Graca Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
E De Lucia INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
J M De Miranda Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
L De Paula Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
M De Serio INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
D De Simone Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
P De Simone INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
F De Vellis Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
J A de Vries Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
F Debernardis INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
D Decamp Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
V Dedu Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
L Del Buono LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
B Delaney Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
H-P Dembinski Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
J Deng Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
V Denysenko Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
O Deschamps Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
F Dettori INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
B Dey Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary (associated with European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland)
P Di Nezza INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
I Diachkov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
S Didenko Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
S Ding Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
V Dobishuk Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
A D Docheva School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
A Dolmatov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
C Dong Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
A M Donohoe School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
F Dordei INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
A C Dos Reis Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
L Douglas School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
A G Downes Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
W Duan Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
P Duda Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
M W Dudek Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
L Dufour European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
V Duk INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
P Durante European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M M Duras Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
J M Durham Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
A Dziurda Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
A Dzyuba Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
S Easo European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
E Eckstein Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
U Egede School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
A Egorychev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
V Egorychev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
C Eirea Orro Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
S Eisenhardt School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
E Ejopu Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
S Ek-In Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
L Eklund Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
M Elashri University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
J Ellbracht Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
S Ely Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
A Ene Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
E Epple University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
S Escher I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
J Eschle Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
S Esen Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
T Evans Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
F Fabiano INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
L N Falcao Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Y Fan University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
B Fang Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
L Fantini INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
M Faria Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
K Farmer School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
D Fazzini INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
L Felkowski Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
M Feng Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
M Feo European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M Fernandez Gomez Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
A D Fernez University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
F Ferrari INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
F Ferreira Rodrigues Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
S Ferreres Sole Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
M Ferrillo Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
M Ferro-Luzzi European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
S Filippov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
R A Fini INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
M Fiorini INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
M Firlej AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
K M Fischer Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
D S Fitzgerald University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
C Fitzpatrick Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
T Fiutowski AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
F Fleuret Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
M Fontana INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
F Fontanelli INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
L F Foreman Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
R Forty European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
D Foulds-Holt Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
M Franco Sevilla University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
M Frank European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
E Franzoso INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
G Frau Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
C Frei European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
D A Friday Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
L Frontini INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
J Fu University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Q Fuehring Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
Y Fujii School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
T Fulghesu LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
E Gabriel Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
G Galati INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
M D Galati Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
A Gallas Torreira Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
D Galli INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
S Gambetta European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
M Gandelman Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
P Gandini INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
H Gao University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
R Gao Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Y Gao Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
Y Gao School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
Y Gao Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
M Garau INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
L M Garcia Martin Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
P Garcia Moreno ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
J García Pardiñas European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
B Garcia Plana Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
K G Garg Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
L Garrido ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
C Gaspar European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
R E Geertsema Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
L L Gerken Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
E Gersabeck Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
M Gersabeck Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
T Gershon Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
Z Ghorbanimoghaddam H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
L Giambastiani Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
F I Giasemis LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
V Gibson Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
H K Giemza National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
A L Gilman Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
M Giovannetti INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
A Gioventù ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
P Gironella Gironell ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
C Giugliano INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
M A Giza Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
E L Gkougkousis Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
F C Glaser Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
V V Gligorov LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
C Göbel Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
E Golobardes DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
D Golubkov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Golutvin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
A Gomes Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
S Gomez Fernandez ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
F Goncalves Abrantes Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
M Goncerz Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
G Gong Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
J A Gooding Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
I V Gorelov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
C Gotti INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
J P Grabowski Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
L A Granado Cardoso European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
E Graugés ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
E Graverini Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
L Grazette Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
G Graziani School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), San Jose, Costa Rica Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg, Germany Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland NSC Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (NSC KIPT), Kharkiv, Ukraine Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China) Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China) Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China) School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China) Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France) Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany) Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary (associated with European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland) Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands) Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands) Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland) Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom) University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA) Departement de Physique Nucleaire (SPhN), Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
A T Grecu Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
L M Greeven Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
N A Grieser University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
L Grillo School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
S Gromov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
C Gu Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
M Guarise INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
M Guittiere Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
V Guliaeva Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
P A Günther Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
A-K Guseinov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
E Gushchin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
Y Guz School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
T Gys European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
T Hadavizadeh School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
C Hadjivasiliou University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
G Haefeli Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
C Haen European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
J Haimberger European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M Hajheidari European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
T Halewood-Leagas Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
M M Halvorsen European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
P M Hamilton University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
J Hammerich Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
Q Han Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
X Han Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
S Hansmann-Menzemer Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
L Hao University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
N Harnew Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
T Harrison Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
M Hartmann Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
C Hasse European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
J He University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
K Heijhoff Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
F Hemmer European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
C Henderson University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
R D L Henderson School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
A M Hennequin European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
K Hennessy Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
L Henry Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
J Herd Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
J Heuel I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
A Hicheur Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
D Hill Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
S E Hollitt Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
J Horswill Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
R Hou Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
Y Hou Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
N Howarth Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
J Hu Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
J Hu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
W Hu School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
X Hu Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
W Huang University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
W Hulsbergen Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
R J Hunter Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
M Hushchyn Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
D Hutchcroft Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
M Idzik AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
D Ilin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
P Ilten University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
A Inglessi Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Iniukhin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Ishteev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
K Ivshin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
R Jacobsson European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
H Jage I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
S J Jaimes Elles Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
S Jakobsen European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
E Jans Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
B K Jashal Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
A Jawahery University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
V Jevtic Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
E Jiang University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
X Jiang Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Y Jiang University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Y J Jiang School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
M John Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
D Johnson University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
C R Jones Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
T P Jones Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
S Joshi National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
B Jost European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
N Jurik European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
I Juszczak Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
D Kaminaris Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
S Kandybei NSC Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (NSC KIPT), Kharkiv, Ukraine
Y Kang Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
M Karacson European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
D Karpenkov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Karpov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A M Kauniskangas Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
J W Kautz University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
F Keizer European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
D M Keller Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
M Kenzie Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
T Ketel Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
B Khanji Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
A Kharisova Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
S Kholodenko INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
G Khreich Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
T Kirn I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
V S Kirsebom Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
O Kitouni Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
S Klaver Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
N Kleijne INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
K Klimaszewski National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
M R Kmiec National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
S Koliiev Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
L Kolk Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
A Konoplyannikov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
P Kopciewicz AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
P Koppenburg Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
M Korolev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
I Kostiuk Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
O Kot Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
S Kotriakhova School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), San Jose, Costa Rica Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg, Germany Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland NSC Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (NSC KIPT), Kharkiv, Ukraine Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (associated with Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China) Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China) Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China) School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China) Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France) Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany) Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary (associated with European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland) Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands) Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands) Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland) Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom) University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA) Departement de Physique Nucleaire (SPhN), Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
A Kozachuk Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
P Kravchenko Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
L Kravchuk Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Kreps Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
S Kretzschmar I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
P Krokovny Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
W Krupa Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
W Krzemien National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
J Kubat Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
S Kubis Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Cracow, Poland (associated with Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland)
W Kucewicz Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
M Kucharczyk Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
V Kudryavtsev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
E Kulikova Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Kupsc Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
B K Kutsenko Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
D Lacarrere European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
A Lai INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
A Lampis INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
D Lancierini Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
C Landesa Gomez Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
J J Lane School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
R Lane H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
C Langenbruch Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
J Langer Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
O Lantwin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
T Latham Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
F Lazzari INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
C Lazzeroni University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
R Le Gac Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
S H Lee University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
R Lefèvre Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
A Leflat Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
S Legotin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Lehuraux Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
O Leroy Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
T Lesiak Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
B Leverington Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
A Li Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
H Li Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
K Li Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
L Li Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
P Li European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
P-R Li Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China)
S Li Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
T Li Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
T Li Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
Y Li Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
Y Li Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
Z Li Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
Z Lian Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
X Liang Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
C Lin University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
T Lin STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
R Lindner European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
V Lisovskyi Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
R Litvinov INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
G Liu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
H Liu University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
K Liu Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China)
Q Liu University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
S Liu Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Y Liu School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Y Liu Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (associated with Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China)
Y L Liu Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
A Lobo Salvia ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
A Loi INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
J Lomba Castro Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
T Long Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
J H Lopes Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
A Lopez Huertas ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
S López Soliño Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
G H Lovell Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
C Lucarelli INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
D Lucchesi Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
S Luchuk Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Lucio Martinez Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
V Lukashenko Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
Y Luo Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
A Lupato Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
E Luppi INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
K Lynch School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
X-R Lyu University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
G M Ma Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
R Ma University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
S Maccolini Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
F Machefert Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
F Maciuc Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
I Mackay Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
L R Madhan Mohan Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
M M Madurai University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
A Maevskiy Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
D Magdalinski Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
D Maisuzenko Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M W Majewski AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
J J Malczewski Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
S Malde Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
B Malecki Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
L Malentacca European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
A Malinin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
T Maltsev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
G Manca INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
G Mancinelli Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
C Mancuso Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
R Manera Escalero ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
D Manuzzi INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
D Marangotto INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
J F Marchand Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
R Marchevski Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
U Marconi INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
S Mariani European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
C Marin Benito ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
J Marks Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
A M Marshall H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
P J Marshall Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
G Martelli INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
G Martellotti INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
L Martinazzoli European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M Martinelli INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
D Martinez Santos Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
F Martinez Vidal Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
A Massafferri Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
M Materok I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
R Matev European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
A Mathad Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
V Matiunin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
C Matteuzzi Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
K R Mattioli Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
A Mauri Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
E Maurice Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
J Mauricio ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
P Mayencourt Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
M Mazurek European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M McCann Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
L Mcconnell School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
T H McGrath Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
N T McHugh School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
A McNab Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
R McNulty School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
B Meadows University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
G Meier Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
D Melnychuk National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
M Merk Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
A Merli INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
L Meyer Garcia Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
D Miao Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
H Miao University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
M Mikhasenko Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
D A Milanes Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
A Minotti INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
E Minucci Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
T Miralles Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
S E Mitchell School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
B Mitreska Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
D S Mitzel Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
A Modak STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
A Mödden Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
R A Mohammed Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
R D Moise I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
S Mokhnenko Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
T Mombächer European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M Monk School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
I A Monroy Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
S Monteil Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
A Morcillo Gomez Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
G Morello INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
M J Morello INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
M P Morgenthaler Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
J Moron AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
A B Morris European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
A G Morris Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
R Mountain Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
H Mu Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Z M Mu School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
E Muhammad Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
F Muheim School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
M Mulder Van Swinderen Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
K Müller Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
F Mũnoz-Rojas Consejo Nacional de Rectores (CONARE), San Jose, Costa Rica
R Murta Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
P Naik Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
T Nakada Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
R Nandakumar STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
T Nanut European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
I Nasteva Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
M Needham School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
N Neri INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
S Neubert Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
N Neufeld European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
P Neustroev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
R Newcombe Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
J Nicolini Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
D Nicotra Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
E M Niel Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
N Nikitin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
P Nogga Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
N S Nolte Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
C Normand Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
J Novoa Fernandez Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
G Nowak University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
C Nunez University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
H N Nur School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
A Oblakowska-Mucha AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
V Obraztsov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
T Oeser I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
S Okamura INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
R Oldeman INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
F Oliva School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
M Olocco Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
C J G Onderwater Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
R H O'Neil School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
J M Otalora Goicochea Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
T Ovsiannikova Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
P Owen Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
A Oyanguren Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
O Ozcelik School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
K O Padeken Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
B Pagare Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
P R Pais Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
T Pajero Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
A Palano INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
M Palutan INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
G Panshin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
L Paolucci Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
A Papanestis STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
M Pappagallo INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
L L Pappalardo INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
C Pappenheimer University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
C Parkes Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
B Passalacqua INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
G Passaleva INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
D Passaro INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
A Pastore INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
M Patel Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
J Patoc Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
C Patrignani INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
C J Pawley Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
A Pellegrino Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
M Pepe Altarelli INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
S Perazzini INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
D Pereima Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Pereiro Castro Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
P Perret Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
A Perro European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
K Petridis H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
A Petrolini INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
S Petrucci School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
H Pham Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
L Pica INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
M Piccini INFN Sezione di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
B Pietrzyk Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
G Pietrzyk Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
D Pinci INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
F Pisani European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M Pizzichemi INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
V Placinta Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
M Plo Casasus Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
F Polci LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M Poli Lener INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
A Poluektov Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
N Polukhina Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
I Polyakov European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
E Polycarpo Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
S Ponce European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
D Popov University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
S Poslavskii Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
K Prasanth Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
C Prouve Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
V Pugatch Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences (KINR), Kyiv, Ukraine
V Puill Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
G Punzi INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
H R Qi Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
W Qian University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
N Qin Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
S Qu Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
R Quagliani Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
R I Rabadan Trejo Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
B Rachwal AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
J H Rademacker H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
M Rama INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
M Ramírez García University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
M Ramos Pernas Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
M S Rangel Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
F Ratnikov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
G Raven Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
M Rebollo De Miguel Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
F Redi European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
J Reich H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
F Reiss Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
Z Ren University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
P K Resmi Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
R Ribatti INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
G R Ricart Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France Departement de Physique Nucleaire (SPhN), Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
D Riccardi INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
S Ricciardi STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
K Richardson Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
M Richardson-Slipper School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
K Rinnert Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
P Robbe Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
G Robertson School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
E Rodrigues European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
E Rodriguez Fernandez Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
J A Rodriguez Lopez Departamento de Fisica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia (associated with LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France)
E Rodriguez Rodriguez Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
A Rogovskiy STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
D L Rolf European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
A Rollings Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
P Roloff European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
V Romanovskiy Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Romero Lamas Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
A Romero Vidal Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
G Romolini INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
F Ronchetti Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
M Rotondo INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
S R Roy Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
M S Rudolph Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
T Ruf European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M Ruiz Diaz Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
R A Ruiz Fernandez Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
J Ruiz Vidal Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (associated with School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom)
A Ryzhikov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
J Ryzka AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
J J Saborido Silva Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
R Sadek Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France
N Sagidova Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
N Sahoo University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
B Saitta INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
M Salomoni INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
C Sanchez Gras Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
I Sanderswood Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
R Santacesaria INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
C Santamarina Rios Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
M Santimaria INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
L Santoro Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
E Santovetti INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
A Saputi INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
D Saranin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
G Sarpis School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
M Sarpis Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
A Sarti INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
C Satriano INFN Sezione di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
A Satta INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
M Saur School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
D Savrina Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
H Sazak Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
L G Scantlebury Smead Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
A Scarabotto LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
S Schael I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
S Scherl Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
A M Schertz Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary (associated with European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland)
M Schiller School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
H Schindler European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M Schmelling Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg, Germany
B Schmidt European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
S Schmitt I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
H Schmitz Universität Bonn - Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen und Kernphysik, Bonn, Germany (associated with Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany)
O Schneider Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
A Schopper European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
N Schulte Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
S Schulte Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
M H Schune Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
R Schwemmer European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
G Schwering I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
B Sciascia INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
A Sciuccati European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
S Sellam Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
A Semennikov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Senghi Soares Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
A Sergi INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
N Serra European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
L Sestini Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
A Seuthe Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
Y Shang School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
D M Shangase University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (associated with Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA)
M Shapkin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
I Shchemerov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
L Shchutska Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
T Shears Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
L Shekhtman Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
Z Shen School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
S Sheng Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
V Shevchenko Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
B Shi University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
E B Shields INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
Y Shimizu Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
E Shmanin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
R Shorkin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
J D Shupperd Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
R Silva Coutinho Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
G Simi Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
S Simone INFN Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
N Skidmore Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
R Skuza Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
T Skwarnicki Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
M W Slater University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
J C Smallwood Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
E Smith Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
K Smith Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
M Smith Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
A Snoch Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
L Soares Lavra School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
M D Sokoloff University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
F J P Soler School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
A Solomin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
A Solovev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
I Solovyev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
R Song School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
Y Song Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
Y Song Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Y S Song School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
F L Souza De Almeida Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
B Souza De Paula Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
E Spadaro Norella INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
E Spedicato INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
J G Speer Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
E Spiridenkov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
P Spradlin School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
V Sriskaran European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
F Stagni European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M Stahl European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
S Stahl European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
S Stanislaus Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
E N Stein European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
O Steinkamp Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
O Stenyakin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
H Stevens Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
D Strekalina Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
Y Su University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
F Suljik Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
J Sun INFN Sezione di Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
L Sun School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
Y Sun University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
P N Swallow University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
K Swientek AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
F Swystun Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
A Szabelski National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
T Szumlak AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
M Szymanski European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
Y Tan Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
S Taneja Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
M D Tat Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
A Terentev Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
F Terzuoli INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
F Teubert European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
E Thomas European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
D J D Thompson University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
H Tilquin Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
V Tisserand Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
S T'Jampens Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
M Tobin Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
L Tomassetti INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
G Tonani INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
X Tong School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
D Torres Machado Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
L Toscano Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
D Y Tou Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
C Trippl DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
G Tuci Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
N Tuning Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
L H Uecker Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
A Ukleja AGH - University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, Kraków, Poland
D J Unverzagt Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
E Ursov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Usachov Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
A Ustyuzhanin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
U Uwer Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
V Vagnoni INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
A Valassi European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
G Valenti INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
N Valls Canudas DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
H Van Hecke Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
E van Herwijnen Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
C B Van Hulse Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
R Van Laak Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
M van Veghel Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
R Vazquez Gomez ICCUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
P Vazquez Regueiro Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
C Vázquez Sierra Instituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
S Vecchi INFN Sezione di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
J J Velthuis H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
M Veltri INFN Sezione di Firenze, Firenze, Italy
A Venkateswaran Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
M Vesterinen Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
D Vieira University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
M Vieites Diaz European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
X Vilasis-Cardona DS4DS, La Salle, Universitat Ramon Llull, Barcelona, Spain
E Vilella Figueras Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
A Villa INFN Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
P Vincent LPNHE, Sorbonne Université, Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS/IN2P3, Paris, France
F C Volle Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
D Vom Bruch Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, France
V Vorobyev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
N Voropaev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
K Vos Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands (associated with Nikhef National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands)
G Vouters Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IN2P3-LAPP, Annecy, France
C Vrahas School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
J Walsh INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
E J Walton School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
G Wan School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
C Wang Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
G Wang Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
J Wang School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
J Wang Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
J Wang Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
J Wang School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
M Wang INFN Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy
N W Wang University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
R Wang H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
X Wang Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
X W Wang Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
Y Wang Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
Z Wang Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
Z Wang Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Z Wang University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
J A Ward School of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
N K Watson University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
D Websdale Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
Y Wei School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
B D C Westhenry H.H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
D J White Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
M Whitehead School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
A R Wiederhold Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
D Wiedner Fakultät Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
G Wilkinson Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
M K Wilkinson University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
M Williams Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
M R J Williams School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
R Williams Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
F F Wilson STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
W Wislicki National Center for Nuclear Research (NCBJ), Warsaw, Poland
M Witek Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
L Witola Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
C P Wong Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
G Wormser Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
S A Wotton Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
H Wu Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
J Wu Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
Y Wu School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
K Wyllie European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
S Xian Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, Institute of Quantum Matter, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China (associated with Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China)
Z Xiang Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
Y Xie Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
A Xu INFN Sezione di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
J Xu University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
L Xu Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
L Xu Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
M Xu Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
Z Xu Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Z Xu University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Z Xu Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
D Yang Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
S Yang University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
X Yang School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
Y Yang INFN Sezione di Genova, Genova, Italy
Z Yang School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
Z Yang University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
V Yeroshenko Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
H Yeung Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
H Yin Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
C Y Yu School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
J Yu School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
X Yuan Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China
E Zaffaroni Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
M Zavertyaev Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik (MPIK), Heidelberg, Germany
M Zdybal Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
M Zeng Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
C Zhang School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
D Zhang Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
J Zhang University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
L Zhang Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
S Zhang School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Changsha City, China (associated with Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China)
S Zhang School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
Y Zhang School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
Y Zhang Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Y Z Zhang Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Y Zhao Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
A Zharkova Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Zhelezov Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
X Z Zheng Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Y Zheng University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
T Zhou School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
X Zhou Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
Y Zhou University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
V Zhovkovska Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
L Z Zhu University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
X Zhu Center for High Energy Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
X Zhu Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
Z Zhu University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
V Zhukov I. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
J Zhuo Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular, Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia - CSIC, Valencia, Spain
Q Zou Institute Of High Energy Physics (IHEP), Beijing, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
D Zuliani Università degli Studi di Padova, Università e INFN, Padova, Padova, Italy
G Zunica Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

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Improvement of evapotranspiration simulation study in the Hailar River basin under the influence of vegetation dynamics

In arid and semi-arid areas with <400 mm of precipitation, evapotranspiration (ET) accounts for about 80% of precipitation and is the main water consumer in the watershed. However, vegetation greening in recent years will increase ET and exacerbate the aridity of the area by affecting soil moisture in the root system. Vegetation changes are regional and spatially heterogeneous, therefore, in order to characterize ET changes under vegetation dynamics, it is necessary to expand the spatial scale of ET simulation. However, widely used evapotranspiration simulation models, such as the Shuttleworth-Wallace model (SW model), are deficient in reflecting the direct and indirect effects of vertical (i.e., soil depths) and horizontal (i.e., vegetation dynamics) directions. Based on field sampling and constructed structural equation model (SEM), we found that vegetation dynamics affect evapotranspiration not only directly, but also indirectly by affecting soil moisture at different depths. On this basis, we defined the weighting coefficients of 0.85 and 0.15 for grassland vegetation zones, 0.3, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.10 for forest-grass interspersed zones, and 0.20, 0.55, 0.25 for forested zones, respectively, based on the SEM results. Different soil moisture weighting coefficients were defined within different vegetation type zones and the improved SW model is called S-W-α. Comparing the simulation results with the measured data, S-W-α improved the ET simulation accuracy in this region by 33.92% and the improved ET spatial trend can respond to the dynamic changes of vegetation. Replacing the ET module in the Block-wise use of TOPMODEL and Muskingum-Cunge method mode (BTOP model) with the modified S-W-α, the results show that the simulation accuracy of the improved model is increased by 25%, and the Nash is higher than 75% for both the rate period and the validation period, which realizes the extension of the model from the point scale to the basin scale. The modified model may provide technical support for simulation of evapotranspiration and management of ecosystem health in ecologically fragile areas.

Time-sensitive prediction of NO2 concentration in China using an ensemble machine learning model from multi-source data

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) poses a critical potential risk to environmental quality and public health. A reliable machine learning (ML) forecasting framework will be useful to provide valuable information to support government decision-making. Based on the data from 1609 air quality monitors across China from 2014-2020, this study designed an ensemble ML model by integrating multiple types of spatial-temporal variables and three sub-models for time-sensitive prediction over a wide range. The ensemble ML model incorporates a residual connection to the gated recurrent unit (GRU) network and adopts the advantage of Transformer, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and GRU with residual connection network, resulting in a 4.1%±1.0% lower root mean square error over XGBoost for the test results. The ensemble model shows great prediction performance, with coefficient of determination of 0.91, 0.86, and 0.77 for 1-hr, 3-hr, and 24-hr averages for the test results, respectively. In particular, this model has achieved excellent performance with low spatial uncertainty in Central, East, and North China, the major site-dense zones. Through the interpretability analysis based on the Shapley value for different temporal resolutions, we found that the contribution of atmospheric chemical processes is more important for hourly predictions compared with the daily scale predictions, while the impact of meteorological conditions would be ever-prominent for the latter. Compared with existing models for different spatiotemporal scales, the present model can be implemented at any air quality monitoring station across China to facilitate achieving rapid and dependable forecast of NO2, which will help developing effective control policies.

Subnational estimates of vitamin A supplementation coverage in children: a geospatial analysis of 45 low- and middle-income countries

OBJECTIVES

Vitamin A supplementation (VAS) can protect children from the adverse health consequences of vitamin A deficiency. Granular data on VAS coverage can guide global and national efforts to achieve universal VAS coverage. To provide geographically precise targeting of VAS programs and to monitor progress in reducing geographic disparities, we aimed to create high-resolution (5 × 5 km2) maps of VAS coverage in children under 5 years across VAS priority countries.

STUDY DESIGN

We used cross-sectional data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program.

METHODS

We used data from the DHS program for United Nations Children's Fund -designated VAS priority countries between 2000 and 2017 with data available from 2005 or later. The outcome variable was the proportion of children under 5 years who received a vitamin A dose in each sampled cluster. We applied a Bayesian geostatistical approach incorporating geographic, climatic, and nutritional covariates to estimate VAS coverage for each cell. We estimated and mapped absolute VAS coverage, Bayesian uncertainty intervals, and exceedance probabilities.

RESULTS

Our sample included countries from Latin America and the Caribbean, Asia, and Africa. Most countries had estimated VAS coverage levels <70%, and our exceedance probabilities indicated high certainty that our estimates fell below this threshold in most grid cells. International variations were most notable in the Latin America and the Caribbean region and Africa. Intranational variations were greatest in some South Asian and West and Central African countries.

CONCLUSIONS

These prevalence and exceedance maps, especially used with data on indicators of VAS need, could help to improve equity.

Treatment of auricular pseudocysts using enhanced negative drainage: a prospective study of 21 cases

OBJECTIVE

Auricular pseudocysts are rare, painless, benign intracartilaginous cysts of the auricle that are not lined by epithelium and have no known aetiology.

METHOD

This was a prospective study conducted in an ENT department from January 2020 to June 2022. In 21 patients, complete aspiration of the pseudocyst with enhanced negative drainage was performed. They were followed for a minimum of six months.

RESULTS

All patients completely responded to the negative drainage treatment. No cases of recurrence or obvious deformities were observed.

CONCLUSION

Aspiration with intensified negative drainage was associated with a positive response in patients with auricular pseudocysts. Complete resolution of the swelling can be achieved without any serious complications. Thus, it appears to be a simple and effective method for managing the condition.

Prospective observational study on biomarkers of response in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Adjuvant chemotherapy benefits patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but the compromised physical state of post-operative patients can hinder compliance. Biomarkers that identify candidates for prompt adjuvant therapy are needed. In this prospective observational study, 1,171 patients with PDAC who underwent pancreatectomy were enrolled and extensively followed-up. Proteomic profiling of 191 patient samples unveiled clinically relevant functional protein modules. A proteomics-level prognostic risk model was established for PDAC, with its utility further validated using a publicly available external cohort. More importantly, through an interaction effect regression analysis leveraging both clinical and proteomic datasets, we discovered two biomarkers (NDUFB8 and CEMIP2), indicative of the overall sensitivity of patients with PDAC to adjuvant chemotherapy. The biomarkers were validated through immunohistochemistry on an internal cohort of 386 patients. Rigorous validation extended to two external multicentic cohorts-a French multicentric cohort (230 patients) and a cohort from two grade-A tertiary hospitals in China (466 patients)-enhancing the robustness and generalizability of our findings. Moreover, experimental validation through functional assays was conducted on PDAC cell lines and patient-derived organoids. In summary, our cohort-scale integration of clinical and proteomic data demonstrates the potential of proteomics-guided prognosis and biomarker-aided adjuvant chemotherapy for PDAC.

Observation of Cabibbo-Suppressed Two-Body Hadronic Decays and Precision Mass Measurement of the Ω_{c}^{0} Baryon

The first observation of the singly Cabibbo-suppressed Ω_{c}^{0}→Ω^{-}K^{+} and Ω_{c}^{0}→Ξ^{-}π^{+} decays is reported, using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.4  fb^{-1}, collected with the LHCb detector between 2016 and 2018. The branching fraction ratios are measured to be B(Ω_{c}^{0}→Ω^{-}K^{+})/B(Ω_{c}^{0}→Ω^{-}π^{+})=[6.08±0.51(stat)±0.40(syst)]%,B(Ω_{c}^{0}→Ξ^{-}π^{+})/B(Ω_{c}^{0}→Ω^{-}π^{+})=[15.81±0.87(stat)±0.44(syst)±0.16(ext)]%. In addition, using the Ω_{c}^{0}→Ω^{-}π^{+} decay channel, the Ω_{c}^{0} baryon mass is measured to be M(Ω_{c}^{0})=2695.28±0.07(stat)±0.27(syst)±0.30(ext)  MeV, improving the precision of the previous world average by a factor of 4.

Enhanced Production of Λ_{b}^{0} Baryons in High-Multiplicity pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV

The production rate of Λ_{b}^{0} baryons relative to B^{0} mesons in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy sqrt[s]=13  TeV is measured by the LHCb experiment. The ratio of Λ_{b}^{0} to B^{0} production cross sections shows a significant dependence on both the transverse momentum and the measured charged-particle multiplicity. At low multiplicity, the ratio measured at LHCb is consistent with the value measured in e^{+}e^{-} collisions, and increases by a factor of ∼2 with increasing multiplicity. At relatively low transverse momentum, the ratio of Λ_{b}^{0} to B^{0} cross sections is higher than what is measured in e^{+}e^{-} collisions, but converges with the e^{+}e^{-} ratio as the momentum increases. These results imply that the evolution of heavy b quarks into final-state hadrons is influenced by the density of the hadronic environment produced in the collision. Comparisons with several models and implications for the mechanisms enforcing quark confinement are discussed.

Efficacy and safety of intrathecal pemetrexed for TKI-failed leptomeningeal metastases from EGFR+ NSCLC: an expanded, single-arm, phase II clinical trial

BACKGROUND

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intrathecal pemetrexed (IP) for treating patients with leptomeningeal metastases (LM) from non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who progressed from epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment in an expanded, prospective, single-arm, phase II clinical study (ChiCTR1800016615).

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Patients with confirmed NSCLC-LM who progressed from TKI received IP (50 mg, day 1/day 5 for 1 week, then every 3 weeks for four cycles, and then once monthly) until disease progression or intolerance. Objectives were to assess overall survival (OS), response rate, and safety. Measurable lesions were assessed by investigator according to RECIST version 1.1. LM were assessed according to the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria.

RESULTS

The study included 132 patients; 68% were female and median age was 52 years (31-74 years). The median OS was 12 months (95% confidence interval 10.4-13.6 months), RANO-assessed response rate was 80.3% (106/132), and the most common adverse event was myelosuppression (n = 42; 31.8%), which reversed after symptomatic treatment. The results of subgroup analysis showed that absence of brain parenchymal metastasis, good Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group score, good response to IP treatment, negative cytology after treatment, and patients without neck/back pain/difficult defecation had longer survival. Gender, age, previous intrathecal methotrexate/cytarabine, and whole-brain radiotherapy had no significant influence on OS.

CONCLUSIONS

This study further showed that IP is an effective and safe treatment method for the EGFR-TKI-failed NSCLC-LM, and should be recommended for these patients in clinical practice and guidelines.

The prognostic significance and clinical relevance of stem cell characteristic in bladder cancer

Background

Bladder cancer (BLCA) is a common malignant tumor of urinary system and prognostic biomarkers are needed for better clinical decision-making and patient management. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are involved in carcinogenesis, development, metastasis and recurrence of BLCA. This study explored the prognostic and predictive value of CSCs-related genes and laid the groundwork for precision treatment development in BLCA.

Methods

The mRNA data and corresponding clinical information obtained from TCGA-BLCA cohort was used to discover biomarkers and develop CSCs-related prognostic model, which was further validated in GSE32548 and GSE32894 datasets. In addition, the association between CSCs-related risk score and therapeutic efficacy was analyzed to explore the potential predictive value of the prognostic model.

Results

We identified four CSCs-related subtypes and 900 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among subtypes. Then the CSCs-related prognostic model was built based on 16 CSCs-related DEGs with the most significant prognostic value. Patients in the low-risk group had better overall survival than those in high-risk group (P < 0.001; HR, 0.42; 95 %CI, 0.31-0.57). Multivariable Cox analysis in training and test sets confirmed the independence of CSCs-related risk score as a prognostic factor (P < 0.05). The difference of survival between two risk groups were probably due to the significantly varied immune microenvironment based on the analysis of infiltrated immune cells. Additionally, the risk score was significantly associated with chemotherapy sensitivity and the response to anti-PD-L1 therapy (P < 0.05) which suggested a potential predictive value of CSCs-related risk model.

Conclusion

We established a risk classifier based on 16 CSCs-related genes for predicting survival in patients with BLCA. The CSCs-related risk model has both prognostic value and potential predictive value for therapeutic efficacy, which brings us closer to understanding the important role of CSCs in BLCA and may provide guidance for clinical treatment decision-making and patient management. The clinical utility of the CSCs-related risk classifier warrants further studies.

Improved Measurement of CP Violation Parameters in B_{s}^{0}→J/ψK^{+}K^{-} Decays in the Vicinity of the ϕ(1020) Resonance

The decay-time-dependent CP asymmetry in B_{s}^{0}→J/ψ(→μ^{+}μ^{-})K^{+}K^{-} decays is measured using proton-proton collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6  fb^{-1}, collected with the LHCb detector at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. Using a sample of approximately 349 000 B_{s}^{0} signal decays with an invariant K^{+}K^{-} mass in the vicinity of the ϕ(1020) resonance, the CP-violating phase ϕ_{s} is measured, along with the difference in decay widths of the light and heavy mass eigenstates of the B_{s}^{0}-B[over ¯]_{s}^{0} system, ΔΓ_{s}, and the difference of the average B_{s}^{0} and B^{0} meson decay widths, Γ_{s}-Γ_{d}. The values obtained are ϕ_{s}=-0.039±0.022±0.006  rad, ΔΓ_{s}=0.0845±0.0044±0.0024  ps^{-1}, and Γ_{s}-Γ_{d}=-0.0056_{-0.0015}^{+0.0013}±0.0014  ps^{-1}, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. These are the most precise single measurements to date and are consistent with expectations based on the Standard Model and with the previous LHCb analyses of this decay. These results are combined with previous independent LHCb measurements. The phase ϕ_{s} is also measured independently for each polarization state of the K^{+}K^{-} system and shows no evidence for polarization dependence.

Effect of contact precautions on preventing meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus transmission in intensive care units: a review and modelling study of field trials

BACKGROUND

Contact precautions (CPs) have been widely implemented in hospitals, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs), as the standard approach for managing meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, the effectiveness of CPs in preventing MRSA transmission remains a subject of debate.

AIM

To assess the effectiveness of CPs in reducing MRSA transmission within ICUs.

METHODS

A comprehensive analysis was conducted using data from 16 sets of parameters collected from 13 field studies investigating the effectiveness of CPs in ICUs, and an epidemiologic model was developed to simulate the dynamics of MRSA incidence in the hospital setting.

FINDINGS

The analysis demonstrated a mean reduction of 20.52% (95% confidence interval -30.52 to 71.60%) in the MRSA transmission rate associated with the implementation of CPs. Furthermore, reducing the time-delay of screening tests and increasing the percentage of patients identified with MRSA through screening at admission were found to contribute to the effectiveness of CPs.

CONCLUSION

Proper implementation of CPs, with a particular emphasis on early identification of MRSA-colonized/infected patients, demonstrated a strong association with reduced MRSA transmission within the hospital setting. However, further research is necessary to investigate the effectiveness and safety of decolonization and other interventions used in conjunction with CPs to mitigate the risk of infection among colonized patients.

Remote sensing retrieval and driving analysis of phytoplankton density in the large storage freshwater lake: A study based on random forest and Landsat-8 OLI

Remote sensing monitoring of seasonal changes in phytoplankton density and analyses of the driving factors of phytoplankton densities are necessary for assessing the health of aquatic ecosystems, controlling lake eutrophication, and formulating ecological restoration policies. Building upon the satellite-ground synchronization experiment that involves the in situ aquatic ecological monitoring conducted in Nansi Lake, which is the largest storage lake situated along the eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, we developed a phytoplankton density retrieval model utilizing the random forest (RF) method and Landsat-8 OLI data. On this basis, we mapped the seasonal fluctuations and spatial disparities in the phytoplankton densities from 2013 to 2023. Subsequently, we conducted a detailed analysis of the driving factors and considered both the natural and anthropogenic aspects. The results indicate that (1) the RF model, when utilizing three band combinations, yielded favorable results with R2, RMSE and MAE values of 0.67, 1.31 × 106 cells/L and 1.18 × 106 cells/L, respectively. (2) The phytoplankton densities exhibited both seasonal and spatial variations, with higher concentrations in summer and autumn than in spring and winter. Significantly, the northwestern region of Zhaoyang Lake and the southeastern region of Weishan Lake had substantially greater phytoplankton densities than did the other areas. Furthermore, overarching upward trends were observed from 2013 to 2023, reflecting an annual rate of increase of 3.32%. (3) An analysis of the causal factors indicated that temperatures and gross agricultural production levels are the primary drivers influencing the seasonal variations and distributions of phytoplankton densities. In the future, we will delve into the potential of deep learning and utilize various satellite sensors to explore the intricacies of phytoplankton monitoring, as well as the complex mechanisms that influence aquatic ecological health.

Bronchiolar adenoma/ciliated muconodular papillary tumour: advancing clinical, pathological, and imaging insights for future perspectives

Bronchiolar adenoma/ciliated muconodular papillary tumour (BA/CMPT) is a benign peripheral lung tumour composed of bilayered bronchiolar-type epithelium containing a continuous basal cell layer; however, the similarities in imaging and tissue biopsy findings at histopathology between BA/CMPT and malignant tumours, including lung adenocarcinoma, pose significant challenges in accurately diagnosing BA/CMPT preoperatively. This difficulty in differentiation often results in misdiagnosis and unnecessary overtreatment. The objective of this article is to provide a comprehensive and systematic review of BA/CMPT, encompassing its clinical manifestations, pathological basis, imaging features, and differential diagnosis. By enhancing healthcare professionals' understanding of this disease, we aim to improve the accuracy of preoperative BA/CMPT diagnosis. This improvement is crucial for the development of appropriate therapeutic strategies and the overall improvement of patient prognosis.

Identification of pollution source and prediction of water quality based on deep learning techniques

Semi-arid rivers are particularly vulnerable and responsive to the impacts of industrial contamination. Prompt identification and projection of pollutant dynamics are crucial in the accidental pollution incidents, therefore required the timely informed and effective management strategies. In this study, we collected water quality monitoring data from a typical semi-arid river. By water quality inter-correlation mapping, we identified the regularity and abnormal fluctuations of pollutant discharges. Combining the association rule method (Apriori) and characterized pollutants of different industries, we tracked major industrial pollution sources in the Dahei River Basin. Meanwhile, we deployed the integrated multivariate long and short-term memory network (LSTM) to forecast principal contaminants. Our findings revealed that (1) biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen exhibited high inter-correlations in water quality mapping, with lead and cadmium also demonstrating a strong association; (2) The main point sources of contaminant were coking, metal mining, and smelting industries. The government should strengthen the regulation and control of these industries and prevent further pollution of the river; (3) We confirmed 4 key pollutants: COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. Our study accurately predicted the future changes in this water quality index. The best results were obtained when the prediction period was 1 day. The prediction accuracies reached 85.85%, 47.15%, 85.66%, and 89.07%, respectively. In essence, this research developed effective water quality traceability and predictive analysis methods in semi-arid river basins. It provided an effective tool for water quality surveillance in semi-arid river basins and imparts a scientific scaffold for the environmental stewardship endeavors of pertinent authorities.

MAEL in human cancers and implications in prognostication and predicting benefit from immunotherapy over VEGFR/mTOR inhibitors in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a bioinformatic analysis

Maelstrom (MAEL), a novel cancer/testis-associated gene, may facilitate the initiation and progression of human malignancies, warranting comprehensive investigations. Single-cell and tissue-bulk transcriptomic data demonstrated higher MAEL expression in testis (spermatogonia/spermatocyte), kidney (proximal tubular cell), and brain (neuron/astrocyte), and corresponding cancers, including testicular germ cell tumor, glioma, papillary renal cell carcinoma, and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Of these cancers, only in ccRCC did MAEL expression exhibit associations with both recurrence-free survival and overall survival. High MAEL expression was associated with an anti-inflammatory tumor immune microenvironment and VEGFR/mTOR activation in ccRCC tissues and high sensitivities to VEGFR/PI3K-AKT-mTOR inhibitors in ccRCC cell lines. Consistent with these, low rather than high MAEL expression indicated remarkable progression-free survival benefits from immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based immunotherapies over VEGFR/mTOR inhibitors in two large phase III trials (JAVELIN Renal 101 and CheckMate-025). MAEL is a biologically and clinically significant determinant with potential for prognostication after nephrectomy and patient selection for VEGFR/mTOR inhibitors and immunotherapy-based treatments.

Integration of gut microbiome and serum metabolome revealed the effect of Qing-Wei-Zhi-Tong Micro-pills on gastric ulcer in rats

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE

Qing-Wei-Zhi-Tong Micro-pills (QWZT) is herbal compound used in the treatment of GU, whose functions include clearing the stomach and fire, softening the liver and relieving pain. However, its mechanistic profile on host intestinal microbiota and metabolism has not been determined.

AIM OF THE STUDY

The present study aimed to observe the healing effect of QWZT on acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer in a rat model and to preliminarily elucidate its possible therapeutic mechanism from the perspective of host intestinal microbiota and metabolism.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The Wistar male rats (7 weeks old; weight 180-200 g) were randomly divided into normal control group (NC), acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer group (GU), and QWZT treatment group (High dose: 1250 mg/kg/day, Middle dose: 625 mg/kg/day, Low dose: 312.5 mg/kg/day) of 6 rats each. An acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer rat model was constructed based on anatomical surgery. QWZT (High dose, Middle dose, and Low dose) was used to treat gastric ulcer rats for 7 days by gavage. At the end of treatment, the body weight, macroscopic condition of gastric tissue ulcers, pathological changes (HE staining), inflammatory factors, oxidative stress factors, and endocrine factors were assessed in each group of rats. Fresh feces and serum from each group of rats were collected for microbiome and metabolome analysis on the machine, respectively. Drug-disease common targets and functional pathways were captured based on network pharmacology. The complex network of Herbs-Targets-Pathways-Metabolites-Microbiota interactions was constructed. Ultimately, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) evaluated the contribution of gut microbiota in disease.

RESULTS

QWZT increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria (Bacteroides, Alloprevotella, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Parabacteroides, etc.), reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria (Micromonospora, Geobacter, Nocardioides, and Arenimonas, etc.), reduced the levels of inflammatory mediators (12,13-EpOME, 9,10-Epoxyoctadecenoic acid, SM(d18:1/16:0) and Leukotriene A4, etc.), restored host metabolic disorders (Linoleic acid metabolism, Glycerophospholipid metabolism, and Arachidonic acid metabolism), and regulated the level of cytokines (IL-6, TNF-a, SOD, MDA, PEG-2 and NO), ultimately exerting an anti-ulcer effect. Apart from that, FMT improved acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in rats.

CONCLUSION

QWZT improved acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in rats by remodeling intestinal microbiota and regulating host metabolism. This work may promote the process of developing and utilizing clinical applications of QWZT.

Notch activation defines immune-suppressive subsets of ccRCCs with unfavorable benefits from immunotherapy over VEGFR/mTOR inhibitors

The evolutionarily conserved Notch pathway, involved in cancer stem cell capacity and cancer immunity, may predict the benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). In the TCGA dataset, mRNA expression of Notch pathway genes identified three clusters with different prognoses and molecular characteristics. Based on the differentially expressed Notch pathway genes between clusters, we constructed the Notch-score, correlated with Notch activation, angiogenesis, PI3K-AKT-mTOR activity, and sensitivities to VEGFR/mTOR inhibitors. A high Notch-score was linked with more "resting"/"anti-inflammatory" rather than "activated"/"pro-inflammatory" tumor-infiltrating immune cells, inactivated immune pathways, and scarce any benefits from ICI-based therapies over VEGFR/mTOR inhibitors in the JAVELIN Renal 101 (avelumab plus axitinib vs. sunitinib) and the CheckMate-009/010/025 trials (nivolumab vs. everolimus). For the Notch-activated ccRCCs, ICIs provide limited advantages and might not be strongly recommended, by which the cost-effectiveness of treatments in ccRCCs may be potentially improved.

T proliferating cells derived autophagy signature associated with prognosis and immunotherapy resistance in a pan-cancer analysis

Despite autophagy modulating tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME), the immunotherapeutic efficacy and potential mechanism of autophagy signature was not explicit. We manually curated an autophagy gene set and defined a pan-cancer autophagy signature by comparing malignant tissues and normal tissues in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. The pan-cancer autophagy signature was derived from T proliferating cells as demonstrated in multiple single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets. The pan-cancer autophagy signature could influence the cell-cell interactions in the TME and predict the responsiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the metastatic renal cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, bladder cancer, and melanoma cohorts. Metabolism inactivation accompanied with dysregulation of autophagy was investigated with transcriptomic and proteomic data. The immunotherapeutic predictive role and mechanism regulation of the autophagy signature was validated in an in-house cohort. Our study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of ICI resistance.

Positively Charged Silver and Gold Nanoparticles with Controllable Size Distribution for SERS Detection of Negatively Charged Molecules

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been demonstrated as an ultrasensitive tool for various molecules. However, for the negatively charged molecules, the widely used SERS substrate [negatively charged Ag and Au nanoparticles (Ag or Au NPs (-)] showed either low sensitivity or poor stability. The best solution is to synthesize positively charged silver or gold nanoparticles [Ag or Au NPs (+)] with high stability and excellent SERS performance, which are currently unavailable. To this end, we revitalized the strategy of "charge reversal and seed growth". By selection of ascorbic acid as the reductant and surfactant, the surface charge of Ag or Au NP (-) seeds is adjusted to a balanced state, where the surface charge is negative enough to satisfy the stabilization of the NPs (-) but does not hinder the subsequent charge reversal. By optimization of the chain length and electric charge of polyamine molecules, the highly stable and size-controllable uniform Ag NPs (+) and Au NPs (+) were seed-growth synthesized with high reproducibility. More importantly, the SERS performance of both Ag NPs (+) and Au NPs (+) achieved the trace detection of negatively charged molecules at the level of 1 μg/L, demonstrating an improved SERS sensitivity of up to 3 orders of magnitude compared to the previously reported sensitivity. Promisingly, the introduction of polyamine-capped Ag NPs (+) and Au NPs (+) as SERS substrates with high stability (1 year shelf life) will significantly broaden the application of SERS.

Analysis of clinical characteristics and factors influencing herpes simplex virus keratitis

Objective

To investigate the clinical characteristics and factors associated with herpes simplex virus keratitis.

Methods

Patients with herpes simplex virus keratitis who came to our hospital from January 2018 to June 2022 were selected and divided into a good prognosis group and a poor prognosis group according to their prognosis. The clinical data of the two groups were compared, and univariate/multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing the poor prognosis of herpes simplex virus keratitis.

Results

A one-way analysis of variance showed that, compared with the good prognosis group, the poor prognosis group had more elderly patients and a longer course of disease, and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). There were significant differences in the types of patients between the two groups (p < 0.05). Univariate logistic regression analysis also showed that age (≥65 years) (OR: 1.557, 95%CI: 1.081-2.183, p < 0.05), course of disease (> 7 months) (OR: 1.303, 95%CI: 1.003-1.829, p < 0.05), epithelial type (OR: 2.321, 95%CI: 1.198-4.321, p < 0.05), and stromal type (OR: 2.536, 95%CI: 1.672-3.871, p < 0.05) were risk factors for poor prognosis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (≥65 years) (OR: 1.656, 95%CI: 1.168-2.357, p < 0.05) and course of disease (> 7 months) (OR: 1.461, 95%CI: 1.031-2.001, p < 0.05) were independent risk factors for the prognosis of herpes simplex keratitis.

Conclusion

The clinical symptoms of herpes simplex virus keratitis include corneal opacity, corneal posterior elastic layer folds, corneal infiltration, posterior corneal mass, corneal edema, and ocular pain. Age and course of disease are important factors in the prognosis of herpes simplex virus keratitis.

Measurement of CP Violation in B^{0}→ψ(→ℓ^{+}ℓ^{-})K_{S}^{0}(→π^{+}π^{-}) Decays

A measurement of time-dependent CP violation in the decays of B^{0} and B[over ¯]^{0} mesons to the final states J/ψ(→μ^{+}μ^{-})K_{S}^{0}, ψ(2S)(→μ^{+}μ^{-})K_{S}^{0} and J/ψ(→e^{+}e^{-})K_{S}^{0} with K_{S}^{0}→π^{+}π^{-} is presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 6  fb^{-1} collected at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s]=13  TeV with the LHCb detector. The CP-violation parameters are measured to be S_{ψK_{S}^{0}}=0.717±0.013(stat)±0.008(syst) and C_{ψK_{S}^{0}}=0.008±0.012(stat)±0.003(syst). This measurement of S_{ψK_{S}^{0}} represents the most precise single measurement of the CKM angle β to date and is more precise than the current world average. In addition, measurements of the CP-violation parameters of the individual channels are reported and a combination with the LHCb Run 1 measurements is performed.

Development of the Clinical pHysical rEsilience assEssment Scale (CHEES) in Chinese Older Adults

BACKGROUND

Physical resilience is an emerging concept that describes an individual's capacity to recover from stressors. However, few instruments are currently available for assessing physical resilience.

OBJECTIVE

To develop a scale to assess physical resilience in older adults.

DESIGN

Development of a clinical scale.

SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS

A total of 172 hospitalized older adults were recruited.

MEASUREMENTS

This study comprised two stages. First, a pool of physical resilience scale items was created through a literature review, and the Delphi method was used to establish an initial scale. Second, the initial physical resilience scale was tested on hospitalized older adults.

RESULTS

Five primary and 19 secondary items were identified after reviewing the literature. After two rounds of expert consultations, three primary and 16 secondary items were determined. The overall Cronbach's alpha for the scale was 0.760. Except for items N2, N4, N5, N8, and N14, Pearson's correlation between the scores of the remaining items and the total score ranged from 0.407 to 0.672. Except for items N2, N4, and N5, the corrected item-total correlation results ranged from 0.301 to 0.580, indicating good consistency between each item and the overall scale. Factor analysis showed that except for N7, the factor loadings of the remaining items were between 0.584 and 0.844. After expert discussions, items N2, N4, N7, and N14 were included in the scale, and items N5 and N8 were removed.

CONCLUSION

A 14-item physical resilience scale, CHEES, was developed to assess physical resilience levels in older adults.

Diagnostic performance of SPECT in lumbar spondylolysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

AIM

To evaluate the diagnostic value and clinical applicability of single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) for lumbar spondylolysis using meta-analysis.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Stata 12.0, was used to test the heterogeneity, and the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and other effect sizes were collected to generate the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve for comprehensive evaluation. Meta-regression analysis was used to explore the source of heterogeneity, and subgroup analysis was performed. Funnel plots, Fagan's line diagrams, and likelihood ratio dot plots were drawn to evaluate publication bias and clinical applicability.

RESULTS

Eight studies involving 785 patients were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, odds ratio, and area under the SROC curve of SPECT for the diagnosis of lumbar spondylolysis were 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.70 0.93), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.60 0.99), 11.01 (95% CI: 1.61 75.18), 0.17 (95% CI: 0.08 0.35), 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90 0.94). Meta-regression analysis showed that the sources of heterogeneity were region and age. Subgroup analysis showed that the specificity of the child and adolescent subgroup was significantly higher than that of the middle-aged and elderly subgroups. Deek's funnel plots showed no significant publication bias. The pooled effect of the likelihood ratio dot plot for diagnosis is in the upper-right quadrant.

CONCLUSION

As a diagnostic tool for spondylolysis, SPECT has a high degree of specificity, moderate sensitivity, and relatively high diagnostic effectiveness. It can be used as an auxiliary sign in the diagnosis and treatment of lumbar spondylolysis.

Facile Construction of CuFe-Based Metal Phosphides for Synergistic NOx - Reduction to NH3 and Zn-Nitrite Batteries in Electrochemical Cell

The electrocatalytic nitrite/nitrate reduction reaction (eNO2 RR/eNO3 RR) offer a promising route for green ammonia production. The development of low cost, highly selective and long-lasting electrocatalysts for eNO2 RR/eNO3 RR is challenging. Herein, a method is presented for constructing Cu3 P-Fe2 P heterostructures on iron foam (CuFe-P/IF) that facilitates the effective conversion of NO2 - and NO3 - to NH3 . At -0.1 and -0.2 V versus RHE (reversible hydrogen electrode), CuFe-P/IF achieves a Faradaic efficiency (FE) for NH3 production of 98.36% for eNO2 RR and 72% for eNO3 RR, while also demonstrating considerable stability across numerous cycles. The superior performance of CuFe-P/IF catalyst is due tothe rich Cu3 P-Fe2 P heterstuctures. Density functional theory calculations have shed light on the distinct roles that Cu3 P and Fe2 P play at different stages of the eNO2 RR/eNO3 RR processes. Fe2 P is notably active in the early stages, engaging in the capture of NO2 - /NO3 - , O─H formation, and N─OH scission. Conversely, Cu3 P becomes more dominant in the subsequent steps, which involve the formation of N─H bonds, elimination of OH* species, and desorption of the final products. Finally, a primary Zn-NO2 - battery is assembled using CuFe-P/IF as the cathode catalyst, which exhibits a power density of 4.34 mW cm-2 and an impressive NH3 FE of 96.59%.

Deep learning for complex chemical systems

Deep learning forms a bridge between the local features of molecular fragments/localized orbitals and the global properties of complex systems, enabling multi-scale simulations of complex chemical systems and reaction processes.

Hepatic mitochondrial NAD + transporter SLC25A47 activates AMPKα mediating lipid metabolism and tumorigenesis

BACKGROUND AIMS

SLC25A47 was initially identified as a mitochondrial HCC-downregulated carrier protein, but its physiological functions and transport substrates are unknown. We aimed to investigate the physiological role of SLC25A47 in hepatic metabolism.

APPROACH RESULTS

In the treatment of hepatocytes with metformin, we found that metformin can transcriptionally activate the expression of Slc25a47 , which is required for AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) phosphorylation. Slc25a47 -deficient mice had increased hepatic lipid content, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels, and we found that Slc25a47 deficiency suppressed AMPKα phosphorylation and led to an increased accumulation of nuclear SREBPs, with elevated fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthetic activities. Conversely, when Slc25a47 was overexpressed in mouse liver, AMPKα was activated and resulted in the inhibition of lipogenesis. Moreover, using a diethylnitrosamine-induced mouse HCC model, we found that the deletion of Slc25a47 promoted HCC tumorigenesis and development through the activated mammalian target of rapamycin cascade. Employing homology modeling of SLC25A47 and virtual screening of the human metabolome database, we demonstrated that NAD + was an endogenous substrate for SLC25A47, and the activity of NAD + -dependent sirtuin 3 declined in Slc25a47 -deficient mice, followed by inactivation of AMPKα.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings reveal that SLC25A47, a hepatocyte-specific mitochondrial NAD + transporter, is one of the pharmacological targets of metformin and regulates lipid homeostasis through AMPKα, and may serve as a potential drug target for treating NAFLD and HCC.

AI's deep dive into complex pediatric inguinal hernia issues: a challenge to traditional guidelines?

OBJECTIVE

This study utilized ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence program based on large language models, to explore controversial issues in pediatric inguinal hernia surgery and compare its responses with the guidelines of the European Association of Pediatric Surgeons (EUPSA).

METHODS

Six contentious issues raised by EUPSA were submitted to ChatGPT 4.0 for analysis, for which two independent responses were generated for each issue. These generated answers were subsequently compared with systematic reviews and guidelines. To ensure content accuracy and reliability, a content analysis was conducted, and expert evaluations were solicited for validation. Content analysis evaluated the consistency or discrepancy between ChatGPT 4.0's responses and the guidelines. An expert scoring method assess the quality, reliability, and applicability of responses. The TF-IDF model tested the stability and consistency of the two responses.

RESULTS

The responses generated by ChatGPT 4.0 were mostly consistent with the guidelines. However, some differences and contradictions were noted. The average quality score was 3.33, reliability score was 2.75, and applicability score was 3.46 (out of 5). The average similarity between the two responses was 0.72 (out of 1), Content analysis and expert ratings yielded consistent conclusions, enhancing the credibility of our research.

CONCLUSION

ChatGPT can provide valuable responses to clinical questions, but it has limitations and requires further improvement. It is recommended to combine ChatGPT with other reliable data sources to improve clinical practice and decision-making.

Intelligent antepartum fetal monitoring via deep learning and fusion of cardiotocographic signals and clinical data

Purpose

Cardiotocography (CTG), which measures uterine contraction (UC) and fetal heart rate (FHR), is a crucial tool for assessing fetal health during pregnancy. However, traditional computerized cardiotocography (cCTG) approaches have non-negligible calibration errors in feature extraction and heavily rely on the expertise and prior experience to define diagnostic features from CTG or FHR signals. Although previous works have studied deep learning methods for extracting CTG or FHR features, these methods still neglect the clinical information of pregnant women.

Methods

In this paper, we proposed a multimodal deep learning architecture (MMDLA) for intelligent antepartum fetal monitoring that is capable of performing automatic CTG feature extraction, fusion with clinical data and classification. The multimodal feature fusion was achieved by concatenating high-level CTG features, which were extracted from preprocessed CTG signals via a convolution neural network (CNN) with six convolution layers and five fully connected layers, and the clinical data of pregnant women. Eventually, light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) was implemented as fetal status assessment classifier. The effectiveness of MMDLA was evaluated using a dataset of 16,355 cases, each of which includes FHR signal, UC signal and pertinent clinical data like maternal age and gestational age.

Results

With an accuracy of 90.77% and an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.9201, the multimodal features performed admirably. The data imbalance issue was also effectively resolved by the LGBM classifier, with a normal-F1 value of 0.9376 and an abnormal-F1 value of 0.8223.

Conclusion

In summary, the proposed MMDLA is conducive to the realization of intelligent antepartum fetal monitoring.

New insight into biodegradation mechanism of phenylurea herbicides by cytochrome P450 enzymes: Successive N-demethylation mechanism

Phenylurea herbicides (PUHs) present one of the most important herbicides, which have cause serious effects on ecological environment and humans. Nowadays enzyme strategy shows great advantages in degradation of PUHs. Here density functional theory (DFT), quantitative structure - activity relationship (QSAR) and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) approaches are used to investigate the degradation mechanism of PUHs catalyzed by P450 enzymes. Two successive N-demethylation pathways are identified and two hydrogen abstraction (H-abstraction) reaction pathways are identified as the rate-determining step through high-throughput DFT calculations. The Boltzmann-weighted average energy barrier of the second H-abstraction pathway (19.95 kcal/mol) is higher than that of the first H-abstraction pathway (16.80 kcal/mol). Two QSAR models are established to predict the energy barriers of the two H-abstraction pathways based on the quantum chemical descriptors and mordred molecular descriptors. The determination coefficient (R2) values of QSAR models are > 0.9, which reveal that the established QSAR models have great predictive capability. QM/MM calculations indicate that human P450 enzymes are more efficient in degradation of PUHs than crop and weed P450 enzymes. Correlations between energy barriers and key structural/charge parameters are revealed and key parameters that have influence on degradation efficiency of PUHs are identified. This study provides lateral insights into the biodegradation strategy and removal method of PUHs and valuable information for designing or engineering of highly efficient degradation enzymes and genetically modified crops.

Lasofoxifene versus fulvestrant for ER+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer with an ESR1 mutation: results from the randomized, phase II ELAINE 1 trial

BACKGROUND

Acquired estrogen receptor alpha (ER/ESR1) mutations commonly cause endocrine resistance in ER+ metastatic breast cancer (mBC). Lasofoxifene, a novel selective ER modulator, stabilizes an antagonist conformation of wild-type and ESR1-mutated ER-ligand binding domains, and has antitumor activity in ESR1-mutated xenografts.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

In this open-label, randomized, phase II, multicenter, ELAINE 1 study (NCT03781063), we randomized women with ESR1-mutated, ER+/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2-) mBC that had progressed on an aromatase inhibitor (AI) plus a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) to oral lasofoxifene 5 mg daily or IM fulvestrant 500 mg (days 1, 15, and 29, and then every 4 weeks) until disease progression/toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS); secondary endpoints were safety/tolerability.

RESULTS

A total of 103 patients received lasofoxifene (n = 52) or fulvestrant (n = 51). The most current efficacy analysis showed that lasofoxifene did not significantly prolong median PFS compared with fulvestrant: 24.2 weeks (∼5.6 months) versus 16.2 weeks (∼3.7 months; P = 0.138); hazard ratio 0.699 (95% confidence interval 0.434-1.125). However, PFS and other clinical endpoints numerically favored lasofoxifene: clinical benefit rate (36.5% versus 21.6%; P = 0.117), objective response rate [13.2% (including a complete response in one lasofoxifene-treated patient) versus 2.9%; P = 0.124], and 6-month (53.4% versus 37.9%) and 12-month (30.7% versus 14.1%) PFS rates. Most common treatment-emergent adverse events with lasofoxifene were nausea, fatigue, arthralgia, and hot flushes. One death occurred in the fulvestrant arm. Circulating tumor DNA ESR1 mutant allele fraction (MAF) decreased from baseline to week 8 in 82.9% of evaluable lasofoxifene-treated versus 61.5% of fulvestrant-treated patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Lasofoxifene demonstrated encouraging antitumor activity versus fulvestrant and was well tolerated in patients with ESR1-mutated, endocrine-resistant mBC following progression on AI plus CDK4/6i. Consistent with target engagement, lasofoxifene reduced ESR1 MAF, and to a greater extent than fulvestrant. Lasofoxifene may be a promising targeted treatment for patients with ESR1-mutated mBC and warrants further investigation.

Cellular and Molecular Connections Between Bone Fracture Healing and Exosomes

Fracture healing is a multifaceted process that requires various phases and intercellular interactions. In recent years, investigations have been conducted to assess the feasibility of utilizing exosomes, small extracellular vesicles (EVs), to enhance and accelerate the healing process. Exosomes serve as a cargo transport platform, facilitating intercellular communication, promoting the presentation of antigens to dendritic cells, and stimulating angiogenesis. Exosomes have a special structure that gives them a special function, especially in the healing process of bone injuries. This article provides an overview of cellular and molecular processes associated with bone fracture healing, as well as a survey of existing exosome research in this context. We also discuss the potential use of exosomes in fracture healing, as well as the obstacles that must be overcome to make this a viable clinical practice.

Hyperon Polarization along the Beam Direction Relative to the Second and Third Harmonic Event Planes in Isobar Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV

The polarization of Λ and Λ[over ¯] hyperons along the beam direction has been measured relative to the second and third harmonic event planes in isobar Ru+Ru and Zr+Zr collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200  GeV. This is the first experimental evidence of the hyperon polarization by the triangular flow originating from the initial density fluctuations. The amplitudes of the sine modulation for the second and third harmonic results are comparable in magnitude, increase from central to peripheral collisions, and show a mild p_{T} dependence. The azimuthal angle dependence of the polarization follows the vorticity pattern expected due to elliptic and triangular anisotropic flow, and qualitatively disagrees with most hydrodynamic model calculations based on thermal vorticity and shear induced contributions. The model results based on one of existing implementations of the shear contribution lead to a correct azimuthal angle dependence, but predict centrality and p_{T} dependence that still disagree with experimental measurements. Thus, our results provide stringent constraints on the thermal vorticity and shear-induced contributions to hyperon polarization. Comparison to previous measurements at RHIC and the LHC for the second-order harmonic results shows little dependence on the collision system size and collision energy.

Mechanical force of uterine occupation enables large vesicle extrusion from proteostressed maternal neurons

Large vesicle extrusion from neurons may contribute to spreading pathogenic protein aggregates and promoting inflammatory responses, two mechanisms leading to neurodegenerative disease. Factors that regulate extrusion of large vesicles, such as exophers produced by proteostressed C. elegans touch neurons, are poorly understood. Here we document that mechanical force can significantly potentiate exopher extrusion from proteostressed neurons. Exopher production from the C. elegans ALMR neuron peaks at adult day 2 or 3, coinciding with the C. elegans reproductive peak. Genetic disruption of C. elegans germline, sperm, oocytes, or egg/early embryo production can strongly suppress exopher extrusion from the ALMR neurons during the peak period. Conversely, restoring egg production at the late reproductive phase through mating with males or inducing egg retention via genetic interventions that block egg-laying can strongly increase ALMR exopher production. Overall, genetic interventions that promote ALMR exopher production are associated with expanded uterus lengths and genetic interventions that suppress ALMR exopher production are associated with shorter uterus lengths. In addition to the impact of fertilized eggs, ALMR exopher production can be enhanced by filling the uterus with oocytes, dead eggs, or even fluid, supporting that distention consequences, rather than the presence of fertilized eggs, constitute the exopher-inducing stimulus. We conclude that the mechanical force of uterine occupation potentiates exopher extrusion from proximal proteostressed maternal neurons. Our observations draw attention to the potential importance of mechanical signaling in extracellular vesicle production and in aggregate spreading mechanisms, making a case for enhanced attention to mechanobiology in neurodegenerative disease.

Remediation of the soil contaminated by heavy metals with nano-hydroxy iron phosphate coated with fulvic acid

Heavy metals pose a serious threat and damage to ecological health when released into the environment. n-HFP is usually used to remediate soils contaminated with heavy metals, but its ability to solidify heavy metals is limited. FA has good ability to trap heavy metals due to its abundant oxygen-containing functional groups. However, the solubility of FA in water limits its application in the field of heavy metal removal. In this paper, n-HFP@FA was prepared by co-precipitation method. Through FT-IR and BET analysis, the oxygen-containing functional groups and specific surface area of n-HFP@FA increased due to the addition of FA. The adsorption behaviour of n-HFP@FA on Pb, Cd, and Cu followed the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models. In addition, the maximum adsorption capacities of n-HFP@FA for Pb, Cd, and Cu were 371.1, 190.5, and 129.75 mg/g, respectively. As shown by FT-IR and XPS analysis, the main mechanisms of Pb, Cd and Cu removal by n-HFP@FA are: complexation, electrostatic and precipitation. The n-HFP@FA showed high removal rates of Pb, Cd, and Cu in soil leachates of different pH. In the soil remediation experiments, the BCR method and Pearson correlation analysis showed that the acid-soluble, reducible and oxidizable fractions of Pb, Cd, and Cu in the soil were effectively converted into a more stable residual fraction. This study opens up a prospect for the application of n-HFP@FA composites in the remediation of contaminated soil.

The glyoxylate shunt protein ICL-1 protects from mitochondrial superoxide stress through activation of the mitochondrial unfolded protein response

Disrupting mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD) causes neonatal lethality in mice and death of flies within 24 h after eclosion. Deletion of mitochondrial sod genes in C. elegans impairs fertility as well, but surprisingly is not detrimental to survival of progeny generated. The comparison of metabolic pathways among mouse, flies and nematodes reveals that mice and flies lack the glyoxylate shunt, a shortcut that bypasses part of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Here we show that ICL-1, the sole protein that catalyzes the glyoxylate shunt, is critical for protection against embryonic lethality resulting from elevated levels of mitochondrial superoxide. In exploring the mechanism by which ICL-1 protects against ROS-mediated embryonic lethality, we find that ICL-1 is required for the efficient activation of mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt) and that ATFS-1, a key UPRmt transcription factor and an activator of icl-1 gene expression, is essential to limit embryonic/neonatal lethality in animals lacking mitochondrial SOD. In sum, we identify a biochemical pathway that highlights a molecular strategy for combating toxic mitochondrial superoxide consequences in cells.