101
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Yuan H, Li H, Yu P, Fan Q, Zhang X, Huang W, Shen J, Cui Y, Zhou W. Involvement of HDAC6 in ischaemia and reperfusion-induced rat retinal injury. BMC Ophthalmol 2018; 18:300. [PMID: 30453928 PMCID: PMC6245782 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-018-0951-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of histone deacetylases 6 (HDAC6) has been elucidated in various neurodegenerative diseases. However, the effect of HDAC6 on retinal degenerative processes remains unknown. The aim of this study was to elucidate the potential role of HDAC6 in the retinal ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury model. METHODS The retinal pathological lesion was evaluated by haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. HDAC expression or activity was detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting assays or colorimetric assays. The expression of apoptotic- and autophagic- related proteins were quantified by Western blotting and RT-PCR. The expression of peroxiredoxin 2 (Prx2) was determined by RT-PCR and ELISA. The levels of acetylated α-tubulin and acetylated histone 3 in the retina were assayed by Western blotting. RESULTS We found that I/R-induced reduction of the retinal thickness was ameliorated, and the survival of RGCs was increased by the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) as well as by tubacin (an HDAC6 selective inhibitor). The decreased expression of THY (thymus cell antigen) in the I/R-induced retinas was also reversed by TSA and tubacin. Elevated HDAC6 expression and activity in the retina from I/R injury were significantly inhibited by tubacin, which also attenuated I/R-mediated apoptosis by decreasing TUNEL-positive RGCs and Bax expression and increasing Bcl-2 expression. Additionally, tubacin increased the expression of autophagy-related gene Beclin 1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) and the levels of Prx2. Furthermore, the protective effect of tubacin was associated with acetylated α-tubulin and was independent of acetylated histone 3. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that tubacin exhibits neuroprotective effects after I/R retinal injury, and HDAC6 may be a potential therapeutic target for the retinal neurodegenerative disease of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihong Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qichen Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Junyi Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yongyao Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Wei Zhou
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 115 Jin Zun Road, Shanghai, 200125, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
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102
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Pandey V, Zhang M, You M, Zhang W, Chen R, Zhang W, Ma L, Wu ZS, Zhu T, Xu XQ, Lobie PE. Expression of two non-mutated genetic elements is sufficient to stimulate oncogenic transformation of human mammary epithelial cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:1147. [PMID: 30451834 PMCID: PMC6242831 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1177-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) expression is positively associated with advanced clinicopathological features of mammary carcinoma (MC). Herein, we provide evidence for a functional role of TFF3 in oncogenic transformation of immortalized, but otherwise normal human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs), namely, HMEC-hTERT, MCF10A, and MCF12A. Forced expression of TFF3 in immortalized-HMECs enhanced cell proliferation, cell survival, anchorage-independent growth, produced highly disorganised three-dimensional (3D) acinar structures and generated tumours in immunocompromised mice. Forced expression of TFF3 in immortalized-HMECs stimulated STAT3 activity that was required for TFF3-stimulated cell proliferation, survival, and anchorage-independent growth. TFF3 specifically utilised STAT3 activity to govern a transcriptional program, which was required for TFF3-stimulated oncogenic transformation of immortalized-HMECs, including transcriptional upregulation of CCND1 and BCL2. siRNA-mediated depletion or functional inhibition of STAT3 significantly inhibited the TFF3-stimulated transcription of CCND1 and BCL2 and oncogenicity in immortalized-HMECs. Furthermore, DOX-inducible expression of TFF3 in HMEC-hTERT cells also permitted anchorage-independent growth and produced disorganized acinar structures in 3D Matrigel culture. Removal of DOX-induced expression of TFF3 in HMEC-hTERT cells, previously grown with DOX, resulted in efficient normalisation of the disorganized acinar architecture and attenuated cell viability in Matrigel culture. Cumulatively, these findings suggest that TFF3 is a potent oncogene and its increased expression along with hTERT in HMECs is sufficient to produce oncogenic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Pandey
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Mingliang You
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Rumei Chen
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lan Ma
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Zheng-Sheng Wu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiu Qin Xu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College, Xiamen University, Fujian, PR China.
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, PR China. .,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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103
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Li D, Ni T, Tao L, Jin F, Wang H, Feng J, Zhu G, Qian Y, Ding Y, Sunagagwa M, Liu Y. Jinlong Capsule (JLC) inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:738-745. [PMID: 30138896 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a representative traditional Chinese medicine made by modern pharmaceutical technology, Jinlong Capsule (JLC) has been used for several decades to treat liver cancer with significantly improved clinical outcomes as adjuvant therapy. JLC consists of three medicinal animals including freshly prepared Bungarus, Agkistrodon and Gecko. The active components were extracted by the process of modern cryogenic and biochemical separation from raw animals. However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor activities of JLC were not fully investigated. In the current study, experiments were carried out to examine the effect of JLC on anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic activities of human gastric cancer (GC) cell lines in vivo and in vitro. METHODS MTT assay was used to observe the viability of MGC-803 and BGC-823 cells treated with JLC. Apoptosis and cell cycle distribution of MGC-803 and BGC-823 cells induced by JLC were analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blot assay was used to detect the effect of JLC on apoptosis-related proteins, including Bax, Bcl-2, survivin and caspase-3. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to evaluate the microstructure of apoptotic GC cells. Tumor growth in vivo was monitored using live-imaging system. Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) was used to examine the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in tumor tissues. RESULTS Our data indicated that JLC inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of MGC-803 and BGC-823 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. JLC significantly inhibited tumor growth in nude mice. Both in vivo and in vitro studies showed that JLC could downregulate the expression of Bcl-2 and survivin, whereas upregulate the levels of bax and caspase-3. JLC had significant antitumor effects in human GC through cell cycle arresting. Besides, JLC altered the microstructure of GC cells. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that JLC can be considered as a promising candidate in GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Institute of Traslational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, PR China
| | - Tengyang Ni
- Institute of Traslational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, PR China
| | - Li Tao
- Institute of Traslational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, PR China
| | - Feng Jin
- Institute of Traslational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, PR China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Institute of Traslational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, PR China
| | - Jun Feng
- Institute of Traslational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, PR China
| | - Guang Zhu
- Institute of Traslational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, PR China
| | - Yayun Qian
- Institute of Traslational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China; Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, PR China
| | - Yanbing Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Masataka Sunagagwa
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142, Japan
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou 225001, PR China.
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104
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Liu Y, Qin L, Bi T, Dai W, Liu W, Gao Q, Shen G. Oxymatrine Synergistically Potentiates the Antitumor Effects of Cisplatin in Human Gastric Cancer Cells. J Cancer 2018; 9:4527-4535. [PMID: 30519359 PMCID: PMC6277667 DOI: 10.7150/jca.28532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) has been extensively used for gastric cancer (GC) treatment but limited by drug resistance and severe toxicity. The chemo-sensitizers that enhance its efficiency and overcome its limitation are urgently needed. Oxymatrine (OMT), a primary active ingredient from the dry roots of Sophora favescens, has shown powerful anti-cancer property with little side-effect. In this study, we explored the chemo-sensitization of OMT to potentiate the anti-tumor effect of CDDP. GC cell lines were dealt with OMT and/or CDDP and then subjected to different experimental methods. We found that OMT could significantly potentiate the CDDP-caused BGC-823 and SGC7901 cells viability loss, and OMT acts synergistically with CDDP. The combinative treatment could arrest cell cycle in G0/G1 phase by increasing p21, p27 and decreasing cyclin D1, and induced apoptosis by ROS generation and AKT/ERK inactivation. Inhibition of ROS respectively reversed the cell death induced by OMT and/or CDDP, suggesting the pivotal roles of ROS in the process. Moreover, OMT enhanced the antitumor effects of CDDP in nude mice bearing BGC823 tumor xenografts in vivo. Taken together, this study highlights that the co-treatment with OMT and CDDP exerted synergistic antitumor effects in GC cells, and that these effects may be mediated by ROS generation and inactivation of the AKT/ERK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Wujiang No.1 People's Hospital affiliated to Nantong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200, PR China.,Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200, PR China
| | - Lei Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Hepatobiliary surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200, PR China
| | - Tingting Bi
- Department of General Surgery, Wujiang No.1 People's Hospital affiliated to Nantong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200, PR China
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Wujiang No.1 People's Hospital affiliated to Nantong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Wujiang No.1 People's Hospital affiliated to Nantong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200, PR China
| | - Quangen Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Wujiang No.1 People's Hospital affiliated to Nantong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200, PR China
| | - Genhai Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Wujiang No.1 People's Hospital affiliated to Nantong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200, PR China
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105
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Biochanin A Induces S Phase Arrest and Apoptosis in Lung Cancer Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3545376. [PMID: 30402472 PMCID: PMC6192129 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3545376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is among the most common malignancies with a poor 5-year survival rate reaching only 16%. Thus, new effective treatment modalities and drugs are urgently needed for the treatment of this malignancy. In this study, we conducted the first investigation of the effects of Biochanin A on lung cancer and revealed the mechanisms underlying its potential anticancer effects. Biochanin A decreased cell viability in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner and suppressed colony formation in A549 and 95D cells. In addition, Biochanin A induced S phase arrest and apoptosis and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in A549 and 95D cells in a dose-dependent manner. Our results of subcutaneous xenograft models showed that the growth of Biochanin A group was significantly inhibited compared with that of control groups. Finally, P21, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2 were activated in Biochanin A-treated cells and Biochanin A-treated xenografts which also demonstrated that Biochanin A induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in lung cancer cells by regulating expression of cell cycle-related proteins and apoptosis-related proteins. In conclusion, this study suggests that Biochanin A inhibits the proliferation of lung cancer cells and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis mainly by regulating cell cycle-related protein expression and activating the Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 pathways, thus suggesting that Biochanin A may be a promising drug to treat lung cancer.
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106
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Mamriev D, Larisch S. Another one bites the dust; ARTS enables degradation of Bcl-2 by XIAP. Mol Cell Oncol 2018; 5:e1441630. [PMID: 30250908 PMCID: PMC6149843 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2018.1441630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
ARTS (Sept4_i2) is a pro-apoptotic mitochondrial tumor suppressor protein which binds to and causes degradation of XIAP (X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis). We recently showed that ARTS brings XIAP into close proximity to Bcl-2, creating a complex which enables degradation of both these major anti-apoptotic proteins and promotes apoptosis. The possible therapeutic implications are discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Mamriev
- Cell Death and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Sarit Larisch
- Cell Death and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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107
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Vinod Prabhu V, Elangovan P, Niranjali Devaraj S, Sakthivel KM. Targeting apoptosis by 1,2-diazole through regulation of EGFR, Bcl-2 and CDK-2 mediated signaling pathway in human non-small cell lung carcinoma A549 cells. Gene 2018; 679:352-359. [PMID: 30218747 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), a heterogeneous class of tumors, represents approximately 85% of all new lung cancer diagnosis. Conventional treatment options have limited efficacy because most cases are in the advanced stage at the time of diagnosis. The present study evaluates the anti-cancer activity of 1,2-diazole (pyrazole), a natural compound from mangrove plant Rhizophora apiculata (R.apiculata) on A549 lung carcinoma cells. In the present study the anti-cancer mechanism of pyrazole, was examined by the expression level of proteins Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (CDK-2) which are commonly associated with the cell signaling pathways that control cell survival and apoptosis, that could facilitate to develop a novel target and effective treatment approach for patients with NSCLC. Pyrazole significantly induced cell cycle arrest and initiated apoptosis through inhibition of downstream components of EGFR tyrosine kinase pathway. Pyrazole disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential and modulated the protein levels of Bax and Bcl-2 which could probably lead to caspase-3 activation. Furthermore, Pyrazole suppresses the expression of CDK-2 resulting in cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and in the G1-S phase transition. Taken together, the current study provides new insight in to the precise molecular mechanisms responsible for the anti-cancer activity of pyrazole in NSCLC, A549 cells. The study opens an avenue for development of a natural compound as a potential therapeutic agent which could target cell signaling pathways to combat human NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal Vinod Prabhu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Perumal Elangovan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Kunnathur Murugesan Sakthivel
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Diagnostics, Division of Cancer Research, Regional Cancer Center, Medical College Post, Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India; Department of Biochemistry, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641014, Tamil Nadu, India
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108
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Zaim Ö, Doğanlar O, Zreigh MM, Doğanlar ZB, Özcan H. Synthesis, Cancer-Selective Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects of Some (±)-Naringenin Cycloaminoethyl Derivatives. Chem Biodivers 2018; 15:e1800016. [PMID: 29766645 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201800016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Naringenin is a naturally occurring flavonoid and due to its broad spectrum of biological activities, including anticancer properties, has attracted scientific attention in recent years. To contribute to these studies, we synthesized some new (±)-naringenin cyclic aminoethyl derivatives, analyzed the cytotoxic and anti-proliferative properties of them via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and mitochondrial apoptosis signaling response and gene expressions belong to caspase-3 depended apoptosis as biomarkers in both healthy and cancer cell lines. Our results suggest that some of our naringenin derivatives are potential anticancer agents with a selective death potential and targeting properties for mitochondrial apoptosis signaling against at least human cervix and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Zaim
- Department of Chemistry, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Oğuzhan Doğanlar
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Mohamed M Zreigh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zawia University, P.O. Box 16168, Zawia, Libya
| | - Zeynep Banu Doğanlar
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Hafize Özcan
- Department of Chemistry, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
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109
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Edison N, Curtz Y, Paland N, Mamriev D, Chorubczyk N, Haviv-Reingewertz T, Kfir N, Morgenstern D, Kupervaser M, Kagan J, Kim HT, Larisch S. Degradation of Bcl-2 by XIAP and ARTS Promotes Apoptosis. Cell Rep 2018; 21:442-454. [PMID: 29020630 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a mechanism by which the anti-apoptotic B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein is downregulated to induce apoptosis. ARTS (Sept4_i2) is a tumor suppressor protein that promotes cell death through specifically antagonizing XIAP (X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis). ARTS and Bcl-2 reside at the outer mitochondrial membrane in living cells. Upon apoptotic induction, ARTS brings XIAP and Bcl-2 into a ternary complex, allowing XIAP to promote ubiquitylation and degradation of Bcl-2. ARTS binding to Bcl-2 involves the BH3 domain of Bcl-2. Lysine 17 in Bcl-2 serves as the main acceptor for ubiquitylation, and a Bcl-2 K17A mutant has increased stability and is more potent in protection against apoptosis. Bcl-2 ubiquitylation is reduced in both XIAP- and Sept4/ARTS-deficient MEFs, demonstrating that XIAP serves as an E3 ligase for Bcl-2 and that ARTS is essential for this process. Collectively, these results suggest a distinct model for the regulation of Bcl-2 by ARTS-mediated degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Edison
- Cell Death and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
| | - Yael Curtz
- Cell Death and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
| | - Nicole Paland
- Cell Death and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
| | - Dana Mamriev
- Cell Death and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
| | - Nicolas Chorubczyk
- Cell Death and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
| | - Tali Haviv-Reingewertz
- Cell Death and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
| | - Nir Kfir
- Cell Death and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
| | - David Morgenstern
- De Botton Institute for Protein Profiling, Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Meital Kupervaser
- De Botton Institute for Protein Profiling, Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Juliana Kagan
- Cell Death and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel
| | - Hyoung Tae Kim
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sarit Larisch
- Cell Death and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa 31905, Israel.
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110
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Wang J, He G, Yang Q, Bai L, Jian B, Li Q, Li Z. B-cell lymphoma 2 is associated with advanced tumor grade and clinical stage, and reduced overall survival in young Chinese patients with colorectal carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9009-9016. [PMID: 29844818 PMCID: PMC5958813 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of biomarkers that accurately and reliably detect colorectal cancer is a promising approach for colorectal cancer screening. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the protein expression of α-methylacyl-CoA racemase (P504S/AMACR), tumor protein p53 (p53), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Ki-67/mindbomb E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 (MIB-1) in a population of Chinese patients with colorectal carcinoma. Colorectal tumors with matched normal tissue margins were collected from 148 surgical patients, and the demographic and clinical characteristics were collected. Immunohistochemical staining and western blot analysis of P504S/AMACR, p53, Bcl-2 and Ki-67/MIB-1 were conducted. Statistical analyses were used to compare protein expression in the colorectal tumors and matched normal tissue margins and to identify any associations between them and various clinicopathological parameters. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method. In the present study, immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis revealed significantly higher expression of all four proteins in colorectal tumors compared with matched normal tissue margins (P<0.001). Spearman's rank correlation analysis revealed that Bcl-2 expression was negatively correlated with pathological grade and Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage (-0.827 and -0.388, respectively; P<0.05). Bcl-2 expression was revealed to be a significant prognostic indicator of colorectal carcinoma [relative risk (95% CI), 0.703 (0.552-0.895); P<0.05]. The log-rank test revealed a significant association between low Bcl-2 expression and reduced overall survival (P=0.039), as well as a significant association between older age (>55 years) and reduced overall survival (P<0.001) in Chinese patients with colorectal carcinoma. In conclusion, low expression of Bcl-2 is significantly correlated with advanced pathological grade and TNM stage and is a prognostic indicator of reduced overall survival in young Chinese patients with colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Gan He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Lian Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Bin Jian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Qugang Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yongchuan Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 402160, P.R. China
| | - Zhongfu Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Center Hospital of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
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111
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Kubasch AS, Platzbecker U. Beyond the Edge of Hypomethylating Agents: Novel Combination Strategies for Older Adults with Advanced MDS and AML. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E158. [PMID: 29795051 PMCID: PMC6025349 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10060158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) of the elderly exhibit several commonalities, including first line treatment with hypomethylating agents (HMA) like azacitidine (AZA) or decitabine (DAC). Until today, response to treatment occurs in less than 50 percent of patients, and is often short-lived. Moreover, patients failing HMA have a dismal prognosis. Current developments include combinations of HMA with novel drugs targeting epigenetic or immunomodulatory pathways. Other efforts focus on the prevention of resistance to HMA using checkpoint inhibitors to enhance immune attack. This review focuses on recent advances in the field of HMA-based front-line therapies in elderly patients with myeloid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Sophie Kubasch
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Uwe Platzbecker
- Medical Clinic and Policlinic I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 01307 Dresden, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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112
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De Blasio A, Vento R, Di Fiore R. Mcl-1 targeting could be an intriguing perspective to cure cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:8482-8498. [PMID: 29797573 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The Bcl-2 family, which plays important roles in controlling cancer development, is divided into antiapoptotic and proapoptotic members. The change in the balance between these members governs the life and death of the cells. Mcl-1 is an antiapoptotic member of this family and its distribution in normal and cancerous tissues strongly differs from that of Bcl-2. In human cancers, where upregulation of antiapoptotic proteins is common, Mcl-1 expression is regulated independent of Bcl-2 and its inhibition promotes senescence, a major barrier to tumorigenesis. Cancer chemotherapy determines various kinds of responses, such as senescence and autophagy; however, the ideal response to chemotherapy is apoptosis. Mcl-1 is a potent oncogene that is regulated at the transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational levels. Mcl-1 is a short-lived protein that, in the NH2 terminal region, contains sites for posttranslational regulation that can lead to proteasomal degradation. The USP9X Mcl-1 deubiquitinase regulates Mcl-1 and the levels of these two proteins are strongly correlated. Mcl-1 has three splicing variants (the antiapoptotic protein Mcl-1L and the proapoptotic proteins Mcl-1S and Mcl-1ES), each contributing toward apoptosis regulation. In cancers responsible for the most deaths in the world, the presence of Mcl-1 is associated with malignant cell growth and evasion of apoptosis. Mcl-1 is also one of the key regulators of cancer stem cells' self-renewal that contributes to tumor survival. A great number of indirect and selective Mcl-1 inhibitors have been produced and some of these have shown efficacy in several clinical trials. Thus, therapeutic manipulation of Mcl-1 can be a useful strategy to combat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna De Blasio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Polyclinic, Palermo, Italy.,Associazione Siciliana per la Lotta contro i Tumori (ASLOT), Palermo, Italy
| | - Renza Vento
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Polyclinic, Palermo, Italy.,Associazione Siciliana per la Lotta contro i Tumori (ASLOT), Palermo, Italy.,Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Riccardo Di Fiore
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Polyclinic, Palermo, Italy.,Associazione Siciliana per la Lotta contro i Tumori (ASLOT), Palermo, Italy.,Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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113
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Oak C, Khalifa AO, Isali I, Bhaskaran N, Walker E, Shukla S. Diosmetin suppresses human prostate cancer cell proliferation through the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:835-843. [PMID: 29767250 PMCID: PMC6017185 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diosmetin, a plant flavonoid, has been shown to exert promising effects on prostate cancer cells as an anti‑proliferative and anticancer agent. In this study, using western blot analysis for protein expression and flow cytometry for cell cycle analysis, we determined that the treatment of the LNCaP and PC‑3 prostate cancer cells with diosmetin resulted in a marked decrease in cyclin D1, Cdk2 and Cdk4 expression levels (these proteins remain active in the G0‑G1 phases of the cell cycle). These changes were accompanied by a decrease in c-Myc and Bcl-2 expression, and by an increase in Bax, p27Kip1 and FOXO3a protein expression, which suggests the potential modulatory effects of diosmetin on protein transcription. The treatment of prostate cancer cells with diosmetin set in motion an apoptotic machinery by inhibiting X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) and increasing cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3 expression levels. On the whole, the findings of this study provide an in-depth analysis of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the regulatory effects of diosmetin on key molecules that perturb the cell cycle to inhibit cell growth, and suggest that diosmetin may prove to be an effective anticancer agent for use in the treatment of prostate cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Oak
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ahmad O Khalifa
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ilaha Isali
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Natarajan Bhaskaran
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Ethan Walker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Sanjeev Shukla
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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114
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Wu J, Cai Y, Li M, Zhang Y, Li H, Tan Z. Oxymatrine Promotes S-Phase Arrest and Inhibits Cell Proliferation of Human Breast Cancer Cells in Vitro through Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 40:1232-1239. [PMID: 28769005 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies in the world. Oxymatrine is the major effective and toxic alkaloid component which is derived from the root of Sophora flavescens AIT, a traditional Chinese medicine which is widely distributed in Asia and the Pacific Islands. In the current research study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of action of oxymatrine on breast cancer cells. We demonstrated that the viability and single cell proliferation capability of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, two breast cancer cell lines which are widely used in in vitro study, were significantly suppressed in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the cell cycle of breast cancer cells treated with oxymatrine was arrested at the S-phase of the cell cycle. Oxymatrine also triggered apoptosis in breast cancer cells by modulating apoptosis-related proteins, such as cleaved Caspase-3, cleaved Caspase-9 and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP). The remarkable reduction in the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was also observed in oxymatrine treated breast cancer cells. In conclusion, our research demonstrated that oxymatrine plays a critical role in suppressing carcinogenesis of breast cancer cells through cell cycle arrest and induction of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, which suggests a promising application of this drug in breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Hydrodynamics and School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Yan Cai
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University
| | - Maolan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Yijian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Huaifeng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
| | - Zhujun Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
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Kiang KMY, Zhang XQ, Zhang GP, Li N, Cheng SY, Poon MW, Pu JKS, Lui WM, Leung GKK. CRNDE Expression Positively Correlates with EGFR Activation and Modulates Glioma Cell Growth. Target Oncol 2018; 12:353-363. [PMID: 28493025 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-017-0488-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long non-coding RNA CRNDE has emerged as an important regulator in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. While CRNDE has previously been found to be the most highly upregulated lncRNA in glioma, detailed information on its roles in regulating cancer cell growth remains limited. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we aimed at exploring the functional roles and underlying mechanisms of CRNDE in glioma. METHODS We applied microarray data analysis to determine the prognostic significance of CRNDE in glioma patients and its correlation with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation. EGFR inhibition was used to confirm the role of EGFR in regulating CRNDE expression. Functional studies were performed upon CRNDE silencing to explore its role in gliomagenesis. RESULTS We confirm that CRNDE acts as an oncogene that is highly up-regulated in glioma, and high CRNDE expression correlates with poor prognosis in glioma patients. We further demonstrate that the expression of CRNDE correlates with EGFR activation. EGF and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) enhance and block the up-regulation of CRNDE expression, respectively, suggesting that EGFR signaling may positively regulate CRNDE expression. Functional assays show that CRNDE depletion inhibits glioma cell growth both in vitro and in vivo, and is associated with induced cellular apoptosis with decreased Bcl2/Bax ratio. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the aberrant expression of CRNDE may be mediated by activated EGFR signaling and play significant roles in gliomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karrie Mei-Yee Kiang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xiao-Qin Zhang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Grace Pingde Zhang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ning Li
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Stephen Yin Cheng
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ming-Wai Poon
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jenny Kan-Suen Pu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wai-Man Lui
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Gilberto Ka-Kit Leung
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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116
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Zhou Y, Perez RE, Duan L, Maki CG. DZNep represses Bcl-2 expression and modulates apoptosis sensitivity in response to Nutlin-3a. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 19:465-474. [PMID: 29394130 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1433500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MDM2 antagonists stabilize and activate wild-type p53, and histone methyltransferase (HMT) inhibitors reduce methylation on histone lysines and arginines. Both MDM2 antagonists and HMT inhibitors are being developed as cancer therapeutics. Wild-type p53 expressing HCT116 colon cancer cells were resistant to apoptosis in response to the MDM2 antagonist Nutlin-3a. However, co-treatment with the HMT inhibitor DZNep sensitized the cells to Nutlin-3a-induced apoptosis. This sensitization resulted from reduced activity of the Bcl-2 gene promoter and a reduction in Bcl-2 mRNA and protein. Surprisingly, DZNep reduced Bcl-2 expression in other colon cancer cell lines (RKO, SW48, and LoVo) but failed to sensitize them to Nutlin-3a. We found these cell lines express elevated levels of Bcl-2 or other Bcl-2-family proteins, including Bcl-xL, Mcl-1, and Bcl-w. Knockdown of Mcl-1 and/or treatment with specific or pan Bcl-2-family inhibitors (BH3 mimetics) sensitized RKO, SW48, and LoVo cells to apoptosis by Nutlin-3a. The results demonstrate 1) DZNep represses the Bcl-2 gene promoter and affects apoptosis sensitivity by reducing Bcl-2 protein expression, and 2) elevated expression of pro-survival Bcl-2 family members protects colon cancer cells from Nutlin-3a-induced apoptosis. Targeting Bcl-2 proteins via DZNep or BH3 mimetics could increase the therapeutic potential of MDM2-antagonists like Nutlin-3a in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalu Zhou
- a Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine , Rush University Medical Center , Chicago , IL
| | - Ricardo E Perez
- a Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine , Rush University Medical Center , Chicago , IL
| | - Lei Duan
- a Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine , Rush University Medical Center , Chicago , IL
| | - Carl G Maki
- a Department of Cell and Molecular Medicine , Rush University Medical Center , Chicago , IL
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Maeda Y, Takahashi H, Nakai N, Yanagita T, Ando N, Okubo T, Saito K, Shiga K, Hirokawa T, Hara M, Ishiguro H, Matsuo Y, Takiguchi S. Apigenin induces apoptosis by suppressing Bcl-xl and Mcl-1 simultaneously via signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling in colon cancer. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1661-1673. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzo Maeda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8602, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8602, Japan
| | - Nozomu Nakai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8602, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yanagita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8602, Japan
| | - Nanako Ando
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8602, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Okubo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8602, Japan
| | - Kenta Saito
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8602, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Shiga
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8602, Japan
| | - Takahisa Hirokawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8602, Japan
| | - Masayasu Hara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8602, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Ishiguro
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8602, Japan
| | - Yoichi Matsuo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8602, Japan
| | - Shuji Takiguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8602, Japan
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Sequential delivery of therapeutic agents using a rationally designed disulfide-linked glycolipid-like nanocarrier. Oncotarget 2018; 7:83258-83269. [PMID: 27825127 PMCID: PMC5347767 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Usage of combination therapies to deliver multiple therapeutics to increase treatment efficacy has shown promising results in the clinic. In an effort to maximize the synergistic effect of co-delivery of a drug and siRNA, we have developed a time-dependent sequential drug delivery system (DDS) based on a disulfide-linked chitosan-based nanocarrier (CS-ss-SA) for the co-delivery of paclitaxel (PTX) and Bcl-2 specific siRNA (siBcl-2). This CS-ss-SA nanocarrier is able to transport both drug and siRNA by entrapment of PTX and adsorption of siRNA on the shell by electrostatic attraction. We show that this nanocarrier transports siRNA into tumor cells via its glycolipid-like spatial structure and releases a hydrophobic model drug, Nile Red 8-11 h later. Next, when siRNA and the hydrophobic drug PTX were co-delivered to tumor cells, a synergistic effect was observed in both cell cycle arrest and cell viability. Ultimately, the co-delivery of PTX and siBcl-2 by CS-ss-SA may prove to be more efficacious and may even help overcome drug resistance.
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119
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Lu Z, Xu H, Yu X, Wang Y, Huang L, Jin X, Sui D. 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol induces apoptosis in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells by downregulating the protein kinase B signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:1277-1284. [PMID: 29434714 PMCID: PMC5776618 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma is the most common primary liver tumor for children aged <5 years old. 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD) is a ginsenoside extracted from Pananx quinquefolium L., which inhibits tumor growth in several cancer cell lines. The purpose of the present study was to assess the anticancer activities of 20(S)-PPD in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells. The cytotoxicity of 20(S)-PPD on HepG2 cells was evaluated using an MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected using DAPI staining and flow cytometry. The expression of apoptosis-associated proteins was identified by western blotting. The results demonstrated that 20(S)-PPD inhibited the viability of HepG2 cell in a dose and time-dependent manner. The IC50 values were 81.35, 73.5, 48.79 µM at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Topical morphological changes of apoptotic body formation following 20(S)-PPD treatment were detected by DAPI staining. The percentage of Annexin V-fluoroscein isothyiocyanate positive cells were 3.73, 17.61, 23.44 and 65.43% in HepG2 cells treated with 0, 40, 50 and 60 µM of 20(S)-PPD, respectively. Furthermore, 20(S)-PPD upregulated the expression of Bax and downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 and also activated caspases-3 and −9, and Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase cleavage. In addition, 20(S)-PPD inhibited the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt; Ser473). The results indicate that 20(S)-PPD inhibits the viability of HepG2 cells and induces apoptosis in HepG2 cells by inhibiting the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyuan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Huali Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Long Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Dayun Sui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Banta KL, Wang X, Das P, Winoto A. B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) residues essential for Bcl-2's apoptosis-inducing interaction with Nur77/Nor-1 orphan steroid receptors. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:4724-4734. [PMID: 29414782 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is mediated through the extrinsic or intrinsic pathway. Key regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway are the family of B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) proteins. The activity of the prototypical Bcl-2 protein is usually considered antiapoptotic. However, under some conditions, Bcl-2 associates with the orphan nuclear hormone receptors Nur77 and Nor-1, converting Bcl-2 into a proapoptotic molecule. Expression of Nur77 and Nor-1 is induced by a variety of signals, including those leading to apoptosis. Translocation of Nur77/Nor-1 to mitochondria results in their association with Bcl-2, exposing the Bcl-2 homology (BH) 3 domain and causing apoptosis. However, the molecular details of this interaction are incompletely understood. Here, through extensive Bcl-2 mutagenesis and functional assays, we identified residues within Bcl-2 that are essential for its interaction with Nur77/Nor-1. Although an initial report has suggested that an unstructured loop region between the Bcl-2 BH4 and BH3 domains is required for Bcl-2's interaction with Nur77/Nor-1, we found that it is dispensable for this interaction. Instead, we found important interacting residues at the BH4 domain and crucial interacting residues between the BH1 and BH2 domains. Bcl-2 alanine mutants at this region could no longer interact with Nur77/Nor-1 and could not initiate Nur77/Bcl-2-mediated cell death. However, they still retained their anti-apoptotic capability in two different death assays. These results establish crucial residues in Bcl-2 required for Nur77/Nor-1-mediated apoptosis and point to potential new strategies for manipulating Bcl-2 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl L Banta
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Cancer Research Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3200
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Cancer Research Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3200
| | - Phani Das
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Cancer Research Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3200
| | - Astar Winoto
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Cancer Research Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-3200.
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Oxymatrine synergistically enhances antitumor activity of oxaliplatin in colon carcinoma through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Apoptosis 2018; 21:1398-1407. [PMID: 27671687 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-016-1297-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Oxymatrine (OMT), one of the main active components of extracts from the dry roots of Sophora flavescens, has been reported to possess many pharmacological properties including cancer-preventive and anti-cancer effects. The aim of the present study is to explore the efficiency of combination therapy with OMT and oxaliplatin (OXA) and identify the in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity on colon cancer lines (HT29 and SW480) and mice model. Cells were treated with OMT and/or OXA and subjected to cell viability, colony formation, apoptosis, cell cycle, western blotting, xenograft tumorigenicity assay and immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrated that OMT and OXA inhibited the proliferation of colon cancer cells, and combination therapy of OMT and OXA resulted in a combination index < 1, indicating a synergistic effect. Co-treatment with OMT and OXA caused G0/G1 phase arrest by upregulating P21, P27 and downregulating cyclin D, and induced apoptosis through decreasing the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR, p-p70S6K. In addition, pretreatment with a specific PI3K/AKT activator (IGF-1) significantly neutralized the pro-apoptotic activity of OXA + OMT, demonstrating the important role of PI3K/AKT in this process. Moreover, in nude mice model, co-treatment displayed more efficient inhibition of tumor weight and volume on SW480 xenograft mouse model than single-agent treatment with OXA or OMT. Immunohistochemistry analysis suggests the combinations greatly suppressed tumor proliferation, which consistent with our in vitro results. In conclusion, our findings highlight that the combination therapy with OMT and OXA exerted synergistic antitumor effects in colon cancer cells through PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and combination treatment with OMT and OXA would be a promising therapeutic strategy for colon carcinoma treatment.
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122
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BIM and NOXA are mitochondrial effectors of TAF6δ-driven apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:70. [PMID: 29358700 PMCID: PMC5833734 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0115-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
TAF6δ is a pro-apoptotic splice variant of the RNA polymerase II general transcription factor, TAF6, that can dictate life vs. death decisions in animal cells. TAF6δ stands out from classical pro-apoptotic proteins because it is encoded by a gene that is essential at the cellular level, and because it functions as a component of the basal transcription machinery. TAF6δ has been shown to modulate the transcriptome landscape, but it is not known if changes in gene expression trigger apoptosis nor which TAF6δ-regulated genes contribute to cell death. Here we used microarrays to interrogate the genome-wide impact of TAF6δ on transcriptome dynamics at temporal resolution. The results revealed changes in pro-apoptotic BH3-only mitochondrial genes that correlate tightly with the onset of cell death. These results prompted us to test and validate a role for the mitochondrial pathway by showing that TAF6δ expression causes cytochrome c release into the cytoplasm. To further dissect the mechanism by which TAF6δ drives apoptosis, we pinpointed BIM and NOXA as candidate effectors. siRNA experiments showed that both BIM and NOXA contribute to TAF6δ-dependent cell death. Our results identify mitochondrial effectors of TAF6δ-driven apoptosis, thereby providing the first of mechanistic framework underlying the atypical TAF6δ apoptotic pathway's capacity to intersect with the classically defined apoptotic machinery to trigger cell death.
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Static magnetic field enhances the anticancer efficacy of capsaicin on HepG2 cells via capsaicin receptor TRPV1. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191078. [PMID: 29338036 PMCID: PMC5770067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Static magnetic field (SMF) has shown some possibilities for cancer therapies. In particular, the combinational effect between SMF and anti-cancer drugs has drawn scientists’ attentions in recent years. However, the underlying mechanism for the drug-specific synergistic effect is far from being understood. Besides, the drugs used are all conventional chemotherapy drugs, which may cause unpleasant side effects. In this study, our results demonstrate for the first time that SMF could enhance the anti-cancer effect of natural compound, capsaicin, on HepG2 cancer cells through the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway. We found that the synergistic effect could be due to that SMF increased the binding efficiency of capsaicin for the TRPV1 channel. These findings may provide a support to develop an application of SMF for cancer therapy. The present study offers the first trial in combining SMF with natural compound on anti-cancer treatment, which provides additional insight into the interaction between SMF and anti-cancer drugs and opens the door for the development of new strategies in fighting cancer with minimum cytotoxicity and side effects.
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124
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Yogarajah M, Stone RM. A concise review of BCL-2 inhibition in acute myeloid leukemia. Expert Rev Hematol 2018; 11:145-154. [DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2018.1420474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meera Yogarajah
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Richard M. Stone
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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125
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Discovery of aliphatic-chain hydroxamates containing indole derivatives with potent class I histone deacetylase inhibitory activities. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:792-805. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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126
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A. Richard S. High-mobility group box 1 is a promising diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring biomarker in Cancers: A review. AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2018.4.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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127
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Li XT, Tang W, Jiang Y, Wang XM, Wang YH, Cheng L, Meng XS. Multifunctional targeting vinorelbine plus tetrandrine liposomes for treating brain glioma along with eliminating glioma stem cells. Oncotarget 2017; 7:24604-22. [PMID: 27029055 PMCID: PMC5029727 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant brain glioma is the most lethal and aggressive type of cancer. Surgery and radiotherapy cannot eliminate all glioma stem cells (GSCs) and blood–brain barrier (BBB) restricts the movement of antitumor drugs from blood to brain, thus leading to the poor prognosis with high recurrence rate. In the present study, the targeting conjugates of cholesterol polyethylene glycol polyethylenimine (CHOL-PEG2000-PEI) and D-a-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate vapreotide (TPGS1000-VAP) were newly synthesized for transporting drugs across the BBB and targeting glioma cells and GSCs. The multifunctional targeting vinorelbine plus tetrandrine liposomes were constructed by modifying the targeting conjugates. The studies were undertaken on BBB model, glioma cells, GSCs, and glioma-bearing mice. In vitro results showed that multifunctional targeting drugs-loaded liposomes with suitable physicochemical property could enhance the transport drugs across the BBB, increase the intracellular uptake, inhibit glioma cells and GSCs, penetrate and destruct the GSCs spheroids, and induce apoptosis via activating related apoptotic proteins. In vivo results demonstrated that multifunctional targeting drugs-loaded liposomes could significantly accumulate into brain tumor location, show the specificity to tumor sites, and result in a robust overall antitumor efficacy in glioma-bearing mice. These data suggested that the multifunctional targeting vinorelbine plus tetrandrine liposomes could offer a promising strategy for treating brain glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Tao Li
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Linyi Food and Drug Testing Center, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Xiao-Min Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Yan-Hong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Lan Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Xian-Sheng Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
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128
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Yi DY, Su Q, Zhang FC, Fu P, Zhang Q, Cen YC, Zhao HY, Xiang W. Effect of microRNA-128 on cisplatin resistance of glioma SHG-44 cells by targeting JAG1. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:3162-3173. [PMID: 29091297 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This current study intends to investigate the effect of microRNA-128 (miR-128) on cisplatin (DDP) resistance in glioma SHG-44 cells. SHG-44/DDP cells were transfected with miR-128 antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) and assigned into blank, resistance, NC, anti-miR-128, miR-128 mimic, si-JAG1, and anti-miR-128 + si-JAG1 groups. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were employed for determining expression of miR-128, JAG1, Bax and Bcl-2. MTT assay, Giemsa staining, and flow cytometry were applied to detect DDP resistance, cellular morphology, and cell cycle, respectively. JAG1 is targeted and negatively regulated by miR-128. In in vitro experiments, compared with the blank group, the rest groups exhibited declined miR-28 and Bax expression, lowered cell inhibition rate and apoptosis rate, but elevated JAG1 and Bcl-2 expression with cells arrested in the S phase. Compared with the resistance group, the anti-miR-128 group showed decreasedBax expression along with a lowered cell inhibition rate and apoptosis rate, but increased JAG1 and Bcl-2 expression with reduced cells arrested in the S phase; while the miR-128 mimic group showed an opposite trend; the si-JAG1 group showed decreased Bcl-2 expression and reduced cells in the S phase. In in vivo experiments, compared with the resistance group, the tumor growth rate, tumor volume, and weight as well as JAG1 expression accelerated in the anti-miR-128 group; whereas the miR-128 mimic and si-JAG1 groups exhibited an opposite trend. Our findings demonstrated that miR-128 ASO transfection might down-regulate the expression of miR-128 in SHG-44/DDP and up-regulate the DDP resistance in SHG-44/DDP cells, providing a potential treatment target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ye Yi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Qing Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Peng Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Cun Cen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
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129
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N-terminal acetylation modulates Bax targeting to mitochondria. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 95:35-42. [PMID: 29233735 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The pro-apoptotic Bax protein is the main effector of mitochondrial permeabilization during apoptosis. Bax is controlled at several levels, including post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation and S-palmitoylation. However, little is known about the contribution of other protein modifications to Bax activity. Here, we used heterologous expression of human Bax in yeast to study the involvement of N-terminal acetylation by yNaa20p (yNatB) on Bax function. We found that human Bax is N-terminal (Nt-)acetylated by yNaa20p and that Nt-acetylation of Bax is essential to maintain Bax in an inactive conformation in the cytosol of yeast and Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast (MEF) cells. Bax accumulates in the mitochondria of yeast naa20Δ and Naa25-/- MEF cells, but does not promote cytochrome c release, suggesting that an additional step is required for full activation of Bax. Altogether, our results show that Bax N-terminal acetylation by NatB is involved in its mitochondrial targeting.
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130
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Kang Q, Zou H, Yang X, Cai JB, Liu LX, Xie N, Wang LM, Li YH, Zhang XW. Characterization and prognostic significance of mortalin, Bcl-2 and Bax in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:2161-2168. [PMID: 29434920 PMCID: PMC5777101 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive type of cancer, and its incidence and mortality rates are increasing worldwide. Mortalin is a highly conserved chaperone protein involved in multiple pathological and physiological processes, including anti-apoptosis, carcinogenesis and metastasis. The Bcl-2 family of proteins can be divided into pro-survival and pro-apoptotic members, including B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-like protein 4 (Bax). The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between mortalin, Bcl-2 and Bax, as well as the prognostic significance of the combined expression of mortalin, Bcl-2 and Bax in ICC. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of mortalin, Bcl-2 and Bax in 116 ICC samples and to assess the association between expression of 3 markers and clinicopathological features of ICC patients. This revealed that ICC tumor tissues overexpressed mortalin and Bcl-2 and exhibited low expression of Bax in ICC tumor tissues compared with that in corresponding peritumoral samples. According to Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis, high expression of mortalin in ICC was positively correlated with Bcl-2 expression and negatively correlated with Bax expression. Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that mortalin was positively associated with Bcl-2, but not with Bax, in patients with ICC. Patients with ICC exhibiting high expression of mortalin/Bcl-2 or low expression of Bax were closely associated with a malignant ICC phenotype, a relatively low overall survival rate and a high recurrence rate. Multivariate analysis indicated that mortalin and Bcl-2 were independent prognostic indicators for ICC patients. Meanwhile, the concomitant overexpression of mortalin and Bcl-2 and the low expression of Bax were independent markers for predicting a relatively poor prognosis of ICC. The overexpression of mortalin and Bcl-2 and/or the low expression of Bax are implicated in the anti-apoptotic effect and tumor progression of ICC. Mortalin or Bcl-2, or a combination of mortalin, Bcl-2 and Bax may be used to predict the prognosis of ICC, as well as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Kang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650105, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650105, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Yang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Bin Cai
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xin Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650105, P.R. China
| | - Nan Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650105, P.R. China.,Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Min Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650105, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Hua Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650105, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650105, P.R. China
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131
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Mass spectrometry for fragment screening. Essays Biochem 2017; 61:465-473. [PMID: 28986384 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20170071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Fragment-based approaches in chemical biology and drug discovery have been widely adopted worldwide in both academia and industry. Fragment hits tend to interact weakly with their targets, necessitating the use of sensitive biophysical techniques to detect their binding. Common fragment screening techniques include differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) and ligand-observed NMR. Validation and characterization of hits is usually performed using a combination of protein-observed NMR, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and X-ray crystallography. In this context, MS is a relatively underutilized technique in fragment screening for drug discovery. MS-based techniques have the advantage of high sensitivity, low sample consumption and being label-free. This review highlights recent examples of the emerging use of MS-based techniques in fragment screening.
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132
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Metformin synergistically enhances antitumor activity of cisplatin in gallbladder cancer via the PI3K/AKT/ERK pathway. Cytotechnology 2017; 70:439-448. [PMID: 29110119 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0160-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin (Met) is a widely used antidiabetic drug and has demonstrated interesting anticancer effects in various cancer models, alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs. The aim of the present study is to investigate the synergistic effect of Met with cisplatin (Cis) on the tumor growth inhibition of gallbladder cancer cells (GBC-SD and SGC-996) and explore the underlying mechanism. Cells were treated with Met and/or Cis and subjected to cell viability, colony formation, apoptosis, cell cycle, western blotting, xenograft tumorigenicity assay and immunohistochemistry. The results demonstrated that Met and Cis inhibited the proliferation of gallbladder cancer cells, and combination treatment with Met and Cis resulted in a combination index < 1, indicating a synergistic effect. Co-treatment with Met and Cis caused G0/G1 phase arrest by upregulating P21, P27 and downregulating CyclinD1, and induced apoptosis through decreasing the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-ERK. In addition, pretreatment with a specific AKT activator (IGF-1) significantly neutralized the pro-apoptotic activity of Met + Cis, suggesting the key role of AKT in this process. More importantly, in nude mice model, Met and Cis in combination displayed more efficient inhibition of tumor weight and volume in the SGC-996 xenograft mouse model than Met or Cis alone. Immunohistochemistry analysis suggests the combinations greatly suppressed tumor proliferation, which is consistent with our in vitro results. In conclusion, our findings indicate that the combination therapy with Met and Cis exerted synergistic antitumor effects in gallbladder cancer cells through PI3K/AKT/ERK pathway, and combination treatment with Met and Cis would be a promising therapeutic strategy for gallbladder cancer patients.
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133
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Zheng WB, Li YJ, Wang Y, Yang J, Zheng CC, Huang XH, Li B, He QY. Propafenone suppresses esophageal cancer proliferation through inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:2245-2256. [PMID: 29218248 PMCID: PMC5714753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with poor survival and limited therapeutic options. The aim of this study is to identify novel anticancer strategies from existing Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs that have been used to clinically treat other diseases. Here, propafenone, an antiarrhythmic medication, was found to induce apoptosis and exert a significantly inhibitory effect on the proliferation and colony-forming ability of ESCC cells in a dose-dependent manner without observed cytotoxicity on normal esophageal epithelial cells. Furthermore, propafenone markedly suppressed growth of tumor xenografts in nude mice by reducing the Ki-67 proliferation index and angiogenesis but did not damage the vital organs of the animals. Mechanistically, our data from the proteomics, Western blot and flow cytometry analyses demonstrated that propafenone caused mitochondrial dysfunction as indicated by a decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced expression of Bcl-xL and Bcl-2. In summary, this study provides the first evidence that propafenone, an FDA-approved drug to treat arrhythmias, could be a novel therapeutic strategy for treating ESCC without obvious side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Bin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yang-Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, China
| | - Can-Can Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bin Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qing-Yu He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632, China
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134
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Structural and Functional Insight into Canarypox Virus CNP058 Mediated Regulation of Apoptosis. Viruses 2017; 9:v9100305. [PMID: 29053589 PMCID: PMC5691656 DOI: 10.3390/v9100305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death or apoptosis is an important component of host defense systems against viral infection. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) proteins family is the main arbiter of mitochondrially mediated apoptosis, and viruses have evolved sequence and structural mimics of Bcl-2 to subvert premature host cell apoptosis in response to viral infection. The sequencing of the canarypox virus genome identified a putative pro-survival Bcl-2 protein, CNP058. However, a role in apoptosis inhibition for CNP058 has not been identified to date. Here, we report that CNP058 is able to bind several host cell pro-death Bcl-2 proteins, including Bak and Bax, as well as several BH3 only-proteins including Bim, Bid, Bmf, Noxa, Puma, and Hrk with high to moderate affinities. We then defined the structural basis for CNP058 binding to pro-death Bcl-2 proteins by determining the crystal structure of CNP058 bound to Bim BH3. CNP058 adopts the conserved Bcl-2 like fold observed in cellular pro-survival Bcl-2 proteins, and utilizes the canonical ligand binding groove to bind Bim BH3. We then demonstrate that CNP058 is a potent inhibitor of ultraviolet (UV) induced apoptosis in a cell culture model. Our findings suggest that CNP058 is a potent inhibitor of apoptosis that is able to bind to BH3 domain peptides from a broad range of pro-death Bcl-2 proteins, and may play a key role in countering premature host apoptosis.
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135
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Wang S, Wang K, Wang H, Han J, Sun H. Autophagy is essential for flavopiridol‑induced cytotoxicity against MCF‑7 breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:9715-9720. [PMID: 29039550 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavopiridol (FP) exerts antitumoral effects by triggering tumor cell cycle arrest and cytotoxicity in human breast cancer cell lines. The potent antitumor activity of FP is through its inhibition of cyclin‑dependent kinases; however, this may not be the only mechanism of action. The present study aimed to investigate whether FP is able to induce autophagy and to examine the effects of autophagy on cell death in FP‑treated MCF‑7 human breast cancer cells. MCF‑7 cells were treated with either FP alone or FP in combination with chloroquine (CQ). Expression levels of autophagy‑related protein LC3B‑II and p62/sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) were used to monitor autophagic flux. MCF‑7 cells were transfected with autophagy‑related 5 (ATG5) small interfering (si)RNA to block autophagy. Cell viability and cell cycle status were determined. Following incubation with FP, MCF‑7 cells exhibited significantly higher autophagy compared with untreated control cells, and the level of autophagy is comparable with cells under rapamycin induction, which was verified by immunodetection of LC3B‑II and p62/SQSTM1 expression and inhibition by CQ. The addition of CQ treatment or ATG5‑siRNA transfection against autophagy components attenuated the cytotoxic effects of FP treatment of MCF‑7 cells. Furthermore, this autophagy inhibition did not impair the FP‑induced cell cycle arrest. These results revealed that autophagy may be involved in FP‑induced MCF‑7 cell death and autophagy inhibition enhanced the tumor cell pro‑survival ability. It is possibly that potential autophagy regulatory drugs may be used as a chemotherapy adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Nephrology Department, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong 255036, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong 255036, P.R. China
| | - Huaiquan Wang
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong 255036, P.R. China
| | - Jiankui Han
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Qilu Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Hukui Sun
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong 255036, P.R. China
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136
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Sithara T, Arun KB, Syama HP, Reshmitha TR, Nisha P. Morin Inhibits Proliferation of SW480 Colorectal Cancer Cells by Inducing Apoptosis Mediated by Reactive Oxygen Species Formation and Uncoupling of Warburg Effect. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:640. [PMID: 28955240 PMCID: PMC5601037 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The study under investigation focuses on in vitro antiproliferative efficacy of the flavonoid morin and the mechanisms by which it inhibits the growth of colon cancer using SW480 colon cancer cells with emphasis on Warburg effect. It was found that the cell proliferation was significantly inhibited by morin in a dose and time dependent manner. Morin induced apoptosis that was correlated with increased levels of reactive oxygen species formation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential of the cells. In addition, an increase in cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 8, cleaved caspase 9 and Bax as well as a decrease in Bcl 2 was observed, indicating morin is inducing both intrinsic as well as extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. This was further confirmed by using downstream caspase 3 inhibitor which indicated that caspase 3 inhibition reduces morin induced cell death. Moreover, the impact of morin on over all energy status when determined in terms of total cellular ATP level showed a decline with low level of glucose uptake and Glut1 expression. The results indicate that morin exerts antiproliferative activity by inducing apoptosis and by reducing Warburg effect in the evaluated cell lines and provide preliminary evidence for its anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sithara
- Agro Processing and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR)Thiruvananthapuram, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchNew Delhi, India
| | - K B Arun
- Agro Processing and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR)Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - H P Syama
- Agro Processing and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR)Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - T R Reshmitha
- Agro Processing and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR)Thiruvananthapuram, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchNew Delhi, India
| | - P Nisha
- Agro Processing and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR)Thiruvananthapuram, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative ResearchNew Delhi, India
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137
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Akasaka T, Kishimori C, Fukutsuka K, Nakagawa M, Takeoka K, Hayashida M, Honjo G, Ohno H. The novel double-hit, t(8;22)(q24;q11)/ MYC - IGL and t(14;15)(q32;q24)/ IGH - BCL2A1 , in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cancer Genet 2017; 214-215:26-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2017.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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138
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Glover M, Soni S, Ren Q, Maclennan GT, Fu P, Gupta S. Influence of chronic inflammation on Bcl-2 and PCNA expression in prostate needle biopsy specimens. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:3927-3934. [PMID: 28943900 PMCID: PMC5604163 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between inflammation and cancer has been established in certain forms of human malignancies; however, its role in prostate cancer remains unclear. The present study investigates a possible association between chronic inflammation and the development of epithelial neoplasia in the prostate. Needle biopsy specimens were obtained from patients with serum prostate-specific antigen levels >4 ng/ml, evaluated for morphological findings, and immunostained for Bcl-2 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Bcl-2 is a survival protein that appears to lie at a nodal point in pathways involved in cell survival, carcinogenesis, and development of therapeutic resistance in certain cancer types. Similarly, PCNA is a critical protein for DNA replication, repair of DNA damage, chromatin structure maintenance, chromosome segregation and cell-cycle progression. The association between these two proteins was examined in prostate tissues with and without chronic inflammation, as well as tissues with and without evidence of neoplastic changes. Of the 106 needle biopsies examined, 18% exhibited atrophy with inflammation. Proliferative inflammatory atrophy/post-atrophic hyperplasia were observed in 42%, high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) in 8%, prostatic adenocarcinoma in 11%, and 2% had atypical acinar proliferation suspicious for malignancy. A total of 36 specimens were stained for Bcl-2 and PCNA. Bcl-2 was expressed widely in inflammatory and epithelial tissue; however, more intense expression was observed in the areas of chronic inflammation, predominantly in infiltrating immune cells. The highest proliferation index was observed in the epithelia of HGPIN and cancer. An inverse correlation between the expression of Bcl-2 and the expression of PCNA was observed in the epithelium. The areas of chronic inflammation were associated with increased Bcl-2 expression, whereas the highly proliferative epithelium minimally expressed Bcl-2. These results suggest that Bcl-2 alters the phenotype of particular epithelial cells with a gain in neoplastic characteristics, leading to a likely precursor that may later progress into HGPIN and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Glover
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Shardul Soni
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Qinghu Ren
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Gregory T Maclennan
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Division of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Pingfu Fu
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Division of General Medical Sciences, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,The Urology Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.,Department of Urology, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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139
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Qian HR, Shi ZQ, Zhu HP, Gu LH, Wang XF, Yang Y. Interplay between apoptosis and autophagy in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:62759-62768. [PMID: 28977986 PMCID: PMC5617546 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis are two pivotal mechanisms in mediating cell survival and death. Cross-talk of autophagy and apoptosis has been documented in the tumorigenesis and progression of cancer, while the interplay between the two pathways in colorectal cancer (CRC) has not yet been comprehensively summarized. In this study, we outlined the basis of apoptosis and autophagy machinery firstly, and then reviewed the recent evidence in cellular settings or animal studies regarding the interplay between them in CRC. In addition, several key factors that modulate the cross-talk between autophagy and apoptosis as well as its significance in clinical practice were discussed. Understanding of the interplay between the cell death mechanisms may benefit the translation of CRC treatment from basic research to clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ran Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Minimally Invasive, Surgery of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Zhao-Qi Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Minimally Invasive, Surgery of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - He-Pan Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Minimally Invasive, Surgery of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Li-Hu Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Minimally Invasive, Surgery of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xian-Fa Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Minimally Invasive, Surgery of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hangzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, Zhejiang, PR China
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Teo AED, Garg S, Johnson TI, Zhao W, Zhou J, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Gurnell M, Brown MJ. Physiological and Pathological Roles in Human Adrenal of the Glomeruli-Defining Matrix Protein NPNT (Nephronectin). Hypertension 2017; 69:1207-1216. [PMID: 28416583 PMCID: PMC5424579 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.117.09156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Primary aldosteronism is a common cause of hypertension, which becomes refractory if undiagnosed, but potentially curable when caused by an aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA). The discovery of somatic mutations and differences in clinical presentations led to recognition of small but common zona glomerulosa (ZG)-like adenomas, distinct from classical large zona fasciculata-like adenomas. The inverse correlation between APA size and aldosterone synthase expression prompted us to undertake a systematic study of genotype-phenotype relationships. After a microarray comparing tumor subtypes, in which NPNT (nephronectin) was the most highly (>12-fold) upregulated gene in ZG-like APAs, we aimed to determine its role in physiological and pathological aldosterone production. NPNT was identified by immunohistochemistry as a secreted matrix protein expressed exclusively around aldosterone-producing glomeruli in normal adrenal ZG and in aldosterone-dense ZG-like APAs; the highest expression was in ZG-like APAs with gain-of-function CTNNB1 mutations, whose removal cured hypertension in our patients. NPNT was absent from normal zona fasciculata, zona fasciculata-like APAs, and ZG adjacent to an APA. NPNT production was regulated by canonical Wnt pathway, and NPNT overexpression or silencing increased or reduced aldosterone, respectively. NPNT was proadhesive in primary adrenal and APA cells but antiadhesive and antiapoptotic in immortalized adrenocortical cells. The discovery of NPNT in the adrenal helped recognition of a common subtype of APAs and a pathway by which Wnt regulates aldosterone production. We propose that this arises through NPNT's binding to cell-surface integrins, stimulating cell-cell contact within glomeruli, which define ZG. Therefore, NPNT or its cognate integrin could present a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Ee Der Teo
- From the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital (A.E.D.T., S.G., J.Z., M.J.B.), Tissue Bank, Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital (W.Z.), NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital (M.G.), MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre (T.I.J.), and Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science (M.G.), University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (J.Z., M.J.B.); Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Mississippi Medical Centre, Jackson (C.E.G.-S.); and Research and Medicine Services, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Centre, Jackson, MS (C.E.G.-S.)
| | - Sumedha Garg
- From the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital (A.E.D.T., S.G., J.Z., M.J.B.), Tissue Bank, Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital (W.Z.), NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital (M.G.), MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre (T.I.J.), and Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science (M.G.), University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (J.Z., M.J.B.); Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Mississippi Medical Centre, Jackson (C.E.G.-S.); and Research and Medicine Services, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Centre, Jackson, MS (C.E.G.-S.)
| | - Timothy Isaac Johnson
- From the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital (A.E.D.T., S.G., J.Z., M.J.B.), Tissue Bank, Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital (W.Z.), NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital (M.G.), MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre (T.I.J.), and Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science (M.G.), University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (J.Z., M.J.B.); Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Mississippi Medical Centre, Jackson (C.E.G.-S.); and Research and Medicine Services, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Centre, Jackson, MS (C.E.G.-S.)
| | - Wanfeng Zhao
- From the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital (A.E.D.T., S.G., J.Z., M.J.B.), Tissue Bank, Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital (W.Z.), NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital (M.G.), MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre (T.I.J.), and Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science (M.G.), University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (J.Z., M.J.B.); Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Mississippi Medical Centre, Jackson (C.E.G.-S.); and Research and Medicine Services, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Centre, Jackson, MS (C.E.G.-S.)
| | - Junhua Zhou
- From the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital (A.E.D.T., S.G., J.Z., M.J.B.), Tissue Bank, Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital (W.Z.), NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital (M.G.), MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre (T.I.J.), and Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science (M.G.), University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (J.Z., M.J.B.); Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Mississippi Medical Centre, Jackson (C.E.G.-S.); and Research and Medicine Services, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Centre, Jackson, MS (C.E.G.-S.)
| | - Celso Enrique Gomez-Sanchez
- From the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital (A.E.D.T., S.G., J.Z., M.J.B.), Tissue Bank, Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital (W.Z.), NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital (M.G.), MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre (T.I.J.), and Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science (M.G.), University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (J.Z., M.J.B.); Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Mississippi Medical Centre, Jackson (C.E.G.-S.); and Research and Medicine Services, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Centre, Jackson, MS (C.E.G.-S.)
| | - Mark Gurnell
- From the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital (A.E.D.T., S.G., J.Z., M.J.B.), Tissue Bank, Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital (W.Z.), NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital (M.G.), MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre (T.I.J.), and Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science (M.G.), University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (J.Z., M.J.B.); Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Mississippi Medical Centre, Jackson (C.E.G.-S.); and Research and Medicine Services, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Centre, Jackson, MS (C.E.G.-S.)
| | - Morris Jonathan Brown
- From the Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital (A.E.D.T., S.G., J.Z., M.J.B.), Tissue Bank, Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital (W.Z.), NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital (M.G.), MRC Cancer Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre (T.I.J.), and Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science (M.G.), University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (J.Z., M.J.B.); Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Mississippi Medical Centre, Jackson (C.E.G.-S.); and Research and Medicine Services, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Centre, Jackson, MS (C.E.G.-S.).
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141
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Singh D, Minz AP, Sahoo SK. Nanomedicine-mediated drug targeting of cancer stem cells. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:952-959. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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142
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Gao M, Zhao B, Chen M, Liu Y, Xu M, Wang Z, Liu S, Zhang C. Nrf-2-driven long noncoding RNA ODRUL contributes to modulating silver nanoparticle-induced effects on erythroid cells. Biomaterials 2017; 130:14-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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143
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Cytoplasmic RAP1 mediates cisplatin resistance of non-small cell lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2803. [PMID: 28518145 PMCID: PMC5520727 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic chemotherapy agents (e.g., cisplatin) are the first-line drugs to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but NSCLC develops resistance to the agent, limiting therapeutic efficacy. Despite many approaches to identifying the underlying mechanism for cisplatin resistance, there remains a lack of effective targets in the population that resist cisplatin treatment. In this study, we sought to investigate the role of cytoplasmic RAP1, a previously identified positive regulator of NF-κB signaling, in the development of cisplatin resistance in NSCLC cells. We found that the expression of cytoplasmic RAP1 was significantly higher in high-grade NSCLC tissues than in low-grade NSCLC; compared with a normal pulmonary epithelial cell line, the A549 NSCLC cells exhibited more cytoplasmic RAP1 expression as well as increased NF-κB activity; cisplatin treatment resulted in a further increase of cytoplasmic RAP1 in A549 cells; overexpression of RAP1 desensitized the A549 cells to cisplatin, and conversely, RAP1 depletion in the NSCLC cells reduced their proliferation and increased their sensitivity to cisplatin, indicating that RAP1 is required for cell growth and has a key mediating role in the development of cisplatin resistance in NSCLC cells. The RAP1-mediated cisplatin resistance was associated with the activation of NF-κB signaling and the upregulation of the antiapoptosis factor BCL-2. Intriguingly, in the small portion of RAP1-depleted cells that survived cisplatin treatment, no induction of NF-κB activity and BCL-2 expression was observed. Furthermore, in established cisplatin-resistant A549 cells, RAP1 depletion caused BCL2 depletion, caspase activation and dramatic lethality to the cells. Hence, our results demonstrate that the cytoplasmic RAP1–NF-κB–BCL2 axis represents a key pathway to cisplatin resistance in NSCLC cells, identifying RAP1 as a marker and a potential therapeutic target for cisplatin resistance of NSCLC.
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144
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Yang TW, Gao YH, Ma SY, Wu Q, Li ZF. Low-grade slightly elevated and polypoid colorectal adenomas display differential β-catenin-TCF/LEF activity, c-Myc, and cyclin D1 expression. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:3066-3076. [PMID: 28533663 PMCID: PMC5423043 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i17.3066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To comparatively investigate the cellular and molecular characteristics of low-grade slightly elevated adenomas and polypoid adenomas.
METHODS Colorectal tumors were collected from 24 patients with slightly elevated adenomas and 23 patients with polypoid adenomas. Five commonly mutated genes (APC, BRAF, KRAS, NRAS, and PIK3CA) were selected for mutational analysis. Paraffin-embedded tumor sections were used to calculate the apoptotic index (AI) and Ki-67 labeling index (KLI). Two pure colorectal epithelial cell lines were created by pooling the slightly elevated and polypoid tumors. Western blots, luciferase assays for β-catenin-T-cell factor protein/β-catenin-lymphoid enhancer factor (β-catenin-TCF/LEF)-driven transcriptional activity, and caspase activity assays were conducted on the two cell lines.
RESULTS Slightly elevated lesions showed a significantly lower APC mutational frequency and a significantly higher KRAS mutational frequency (both P < 0.05). Slightly elevated lesions showed a significantly lower AI (P < 0.05). β-catenin and β-catenin-TCF/LEF-driven transcriptional activity was significantly upregulated in slightly elevated lesions (both P < 0.05). In slightly elevated lesions, c-Myc was significantly downregulated, while cyclin D1 was significantly upregulated (both P < 0.05). β-catenin-TCF/LEF-driven transcriptional activity was negatively correlated with c-Myc (ρ = -0.78). Slightly elevated lesions displayed significant Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL upregulation (both P < 0.05) along with significant decreases in caspase-9 and caspase-3 activity (both P < 0.05). c-Myc was negatively correlated with Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL (ρ = -0.74 and -0.78, respectively).
CONCLUSION The lower apoptotic activity of low-grade slightly elevated adenomas can be partly attributed to upregulated β-catenin pathway activity and downregulated c-Myc expression.
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Liu Y, Xiang F, Huang Y, Shi L, Hu C, Yang Y, Wang D, He N, Tao K, Wu K, Wang G. Interleukin-22 promotes aerobic glycolysis associated with tumor progression via targeting hexokinase-2 in human colon cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:25372-25383. [PMID: 28445985 PMCID: PMC5421937 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-22 has been explored extensively in human cancer, but its functions and underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we show that aberrant interleukin-22 expression facilitates aerobic glycolysis in colon cancer cells. Elevated interleukin-22 mRNA expression was observed and positively correlated with hexokinase-2 in colon cancer tissues. In vitro, interleukin-22 enhanced glucose consumption and lactate production via targeting hexokinase-2 in colon cancer cells. Moreover, the transcriptional factor c-Myc and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 were involved in interleukin-22-induced up-regulation of hexokinase-2. We further demonstrated that hexokinase-2 partly accounted for interleukin-22-mediated cellular proliferation in DLD-1 cells. In vivo, our data demonstrated that interleukin-22 significantly promoted tumor growth along with elevated expression of c-Myc and hexokinase-2 in mice. In summary, our findings provide a new perspective on the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-22 in promoting aerobic glycolysis associated with tumor progression in human colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Fan Xiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yongming Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Chaojie Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yiming Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Nan He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Lee JC, Shin EA, Kim B, Kim BI, Chitsazian-Yazdi M, Iranshahi M, Kim SH. Auraptene Induces Apoptosis via Myeloid Cell Leukemia 1-Mediated Activation of Caspases in PC3 and DU145 Prostate Cancer Cells. Phytother Res 2017; 31:891-898. [PMID: 28383142 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Although auraptene, a prenyloxy coumarin from Citrus species, was known to have anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, antiinflammatory, and anti-tumor activities, the underlying anti-tumor mechanism of auraptene in prostate cancers is not fully understood to date. Thus, in the present study, we have investigated the anti-tumor mechanism of auraptene mainly in PC3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells, because auraptene suppressed the viability of androgen-independent PC3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells better than androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells. Also, auraptene notably increased sub-G1 cell population and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling-positive cells as features of apoptosis in two prostate cancer cells compared with untreated control. Consistently, auraptene cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, activated caspase-9 and caspase-3, suppressed the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, including Bcl-2 and myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1), and also activated pro-apoptotic protein Bax in both prostate cancer cells. However, Mcl-1 overexpression reversed the apoptotic effect of auraptene to increase sub-G1 population and induce caspase-9/3 in both prostate cancer cells. Taken together, the results support scientific evidences that auraptene induces apoptosis in PC3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells via Mcl-1-mediated activation of caspases as a potent chemopreventive agent for prostate cancer prevention and treatment. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Chul Lee
- Department of East West Medical Science Graduate School of East West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Eun Ah Shin
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
| | - Bo-Im Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
| | - Mahsa Chitsazian-Yazdi
- Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
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147
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Abraham M, Klein S, Bulvik B, Wald H, Weiss ID, Olam D, Weiss L, Beider K, Eizenberg O, Wald O, Galun E, Avigdor A, Benjamini O, Nagler A, Pereg Y, Tavor S, Peled A. The CXCR4 inhibitor BL-8040 induces the apoptosis of AML blasts by downregulating ERK, BCL-2, MCL-1 and cyclin-D1 via altered miR-15a/16-1 expression. Leukemia 2017; 31:2336-2346. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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148
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Hu Y, Zhang C, Li S, Jiao Y, Qi T, Wei G, Han G. Effects of Photodynamic Therapy Using Yellow LED-light with Concomitant Hypocrellin B on Apoptotic Signaling in Keloid Fibroblasts. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:319-326. [PMID: 28367096 PMCID: PMC5370439 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.17920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloid is a common and refractory disease characterized by abnormal fibroblast proliferation and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components. Hypocrellin B (HB) is a natural perylene quinone photosensitizer. In this experiment, we studied the effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using yellow light from light-emitting diode (LED) combined with HB on keloid fibroblasts (KFB) in vitro. Our results showed that HB-LED PDT treatment induced significant KFB apoptosis and decreased KFB cell viability. HB-LED PDT treatment lead to significant BAX upregulation and BCL-2 downregulation in KFB cells, which led to elevation of intracellular free Ca2+ and activation of caspase-3. Our data provides preliminary evidence for the potential of HB-LED PDT as a therapeutic strategy for keloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Hu
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Chunmin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Shengli Li
- Department of Hematology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Ya Jiao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Tonggang Qi
- Central Research Laboratory, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Guo Wei
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China
| | - Gangwen Han
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong, China.; Department of Dermatology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
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149
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Krammer PH, Weyd H. Life, death and tolerance. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:470-472. [PMID: 28212733 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.10.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter H Krammer
- German Cancer Research Center, Division of Immunology, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Heiko Weyd
- German Cancer Research Center, Division of Immunology, Heidelberg, Germany
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150
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Lee J, Sohn EJ, Yoon SW, Kim CG, Lee S, Kim JY, Baek N, Kim SH. Anti-Metastatic Effect of Dehydrocorydaline on H1299 Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Cells via Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinases and B Cell Lymphoma 2. Phytother Res 2017; 31:441-448. [PMID: 28144994 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Though Dehydrocorydaline, an alkaloid isolated from Corydalis turtschaninovii tuber, was known to have anti-coronary artery disease, anti-inflammatory, apoptotic, anti-allergic, anti-acetylcholinesterase, and antitumor effects, the underlying anti-metastatic mechanism of Dehydrocorydalin was never elucidated in lung cancer cells so far. Thus, in the present study, the anti-metastatic effect of Dehydrocorydaline was examined in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells, mainly targeting matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) signaling. Here, Dehydrocorydaline exerted weak cytotoxicity and attenuated the protein expression of Bcl-2 and activated Bax in a concentration-dependent manner in NSCLC cells, such as A549, H460, H1299, and H596 cells. Also, Dehydrocorydaline suppressed the migration of H1299 cells by wound healing assay and transwell migration assay. Consistently, Dehydrocorydaline attenuated mRNA and protein levels of MMP7 and MMP9 as metastasis biomarkers in H1299 cells by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Of note, Bcl-2 overexpression reduced the cytotoxic and anti-metastatic effects of Dehydrocorydaline on pCDNA-Bcl-2 transfected H1299 cells. Overall, our findings provide scientific evidence that Dehydrocorydaline exerts anti-metastatic potential via suppression of MMPs and Bcl-2 signaling in NSCLC cells. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Sohn
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
| | - Sang Wook Yoon
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
| | - Chang Geun Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
| | - Sangil Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
| | - Joe Young Kim
- Department of East West Medical Science, Graduate School of East West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Korea
| | - Namin Baek
- Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Korea
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