101
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Fascione MA, Brabham R, Turnbull WB. Mechanistic Investigations into the Application of Sulfoxides in Carbohydrate Synthesis. Chemistry 2016; 22:3916-28. [PMID: 26744250 PMCID: PMC4794778 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The utility of sulfoxides in a diverse range of transformations in the field of carbohydrate chemistry has seen rapid growth since the first introduction of a sulfoxide as a glycosyl donor in 1989. Sulfoxides have since developed into more than just anomeric leaving groups, and today have multiple roles in glycosylation reactions. These include as activators for thioglycosides, hemiacetals, and glycals, and as precursors to glycosyl triflates, which are essential for stereoselective β-mannoside synthesis, and bicyclic sulfonium ions that facilitate the stereoselective synthesis of α-glycosides. In this review we highlight the mechanistic investigations undertaken in this area, often outlining strategies employed to differentiate between multiple proposed reaction pathways, and how the conclusions of these investigations have and continue to inform upon the development of more efficient transformations in sulfoxide-based carbohydrate synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Fascione
- York Structural Biology Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington Road, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Robin Brabham
- York Structural Biology Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington Road, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - W Bruce Turnbull
- School of Chemistry and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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102
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Visansirikul S, Yasomanee JP, Demchenko AV. Halobenzoyl groups in glycosylation: effect on stereoselectivity and reactivity of glycosyl donors. Russ Chem Bull 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-015-0987-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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103
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Komarova BS, Tsvetkov YE, Nifantiev NE. Design of α-Selective Glycopyranosyl Donors Relying on Remote Anchimeric Assistance. CHEM REC 2016; 16:488-506. [PMID: 26785933 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201500245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Oligosaccharides have a variety of versatile biological effects, but unlike peptides and oligonucleotides, investigation of the roles of oligosaccharides is not easy. Since biosynthesis of oligosaccharides does not comply with direct genetic control, their isolation from natural sources and biotechnological preparation are complicated, due to the heterogeneous composition of raw carbohydrates. Oligosaccharide synthesis is needed for the establishment or confirmation of the structure of natural glycocompounds. Also, synthetically prepared, defined oligosaccharides and their derivatives are becoming increasingly important tools for many biological and immunological research projects. The key step of oligosaccharide synthesis involves glycosylation, a reaction that builds glycosidic bonds. Usually, construction of 1,2-trans-bonds is easy, and therefore, this reaction can even be included into automated syntheses. At this time, installation of the 1,2-cis-bond remains simultaneously frustrating and compelling. In our and other laboratories, a strategy of α-selective (1,2-cis) glycosylation, relying on remote anchimeric assistance with acyl groups, is studied. The state of the art in this work is summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozhena S Komarova
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yury E Tsvetkov
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay E Nifantiev
- Laboratory of Glycoconjugate Chemistry, N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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104
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Zhu Y, Shen Z, Li W, Yu B. Stereoselective synthesis of β-rhamnopyranosides via gold(i)-catalyzed glycosylation with 2-alkynyl-4-nitro-benzoate donors. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:1536-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02551f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
An effective β-rhamnosylation protocol has been developed by using α-rhamnopyranosyl ortho-hexynyl-para-nitro-benzoates as donors and Ph3PAuBArF4 as a catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Zhengnan Shen
- School of Physical Science and Technology
- ShanghaiTech University
- Shanghai 201210
- China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
| | - Biao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
- China
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105
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Wang X, Dong K, Yan B, Zhang C, Qiu L, Xu X. NBS-mediated dinitrogen extrusion of diazoacetamides under catalyst-free conditions: practical access to 3-bromooxindole derivatives. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra16868j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A synthetically useful reaction via NBS-mediated dinitrogen extrusion of N-aryl diazoacetamides under catalyst-free conditions is disclosed, which gives the 3-bromooxindoles in high to excellent yields with high selectivity via a non carbene process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Kuiyong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Bin Yan
- Jinghua Anti-cancer Pharmaceutical Engineering Center
- Nantong 226407
- China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Lihua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
| | - Xinfang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215123
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106
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Mao RZ, Xiong DC, Guo F, Li Q, Duan J, Ye XS. Light-driven highly efficient glycosylation reactions. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00021e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel and efficient light-driven glycosylation strategy was developed with wide substrate scope/generality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Ze Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- China
| | - De-Cai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- China
| | - Fan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- China
| | - Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- China
| | - Jinyou Duan
- College of Science
- Northwest A&F University
- Yangling
- China
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- China
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107
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Khomutnyk YY, Argüelles AJ, Winschel GA, Sun Z, Zimmerman PM, Nagorny P. Studies of the Mechanism and Origins of Enantioselectivity for the Chiral Phosphoric Acid-Catalyzed Stereoselective Spiroketalization Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 138:444-56. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b12528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav Ya. Khomutnyk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University
Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Alonso J. Argüelles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University
Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Grace A. Winschel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University
Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Zhankui Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University
Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Paul M. Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University
Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Pavel Nagorny
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University
Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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108
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Catching elusive glycosyl cations in a condensed phase with HF/SbF5 superacid. Nat Chem 2015; 8:186-91. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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109
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Mao RZ, Guo F, Xiong DC, Li Q, Duan J, Ye XS. Photoinduced C–S Bond Cleavage of Thioglycosides and Glycosylation. Org Lett 2015; 17:5606-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Run-Ze Mao
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fan Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - De-Cai Xiong
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qin Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jinyou Duan
- College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xin-Shan Ye
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Road No. 38, Beijing 100191, China
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110
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Heuckendorff M, Bols PS, Barry CB, Frihed TG, Pedersen CM, Bols M. β-Mannosylation with 4,6-benzylidene protected mannosyl donors without preactivation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015. [PMID: 26197760 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04716a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mannosylations with benzylidene protected mannosyl donors were found to be β-selective even when no preactivation was performed. It was also found that the kinetic β-product in some cases anomerizes fast to the thermodynamically favored α-anomer under typical reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads Heuckendorff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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111
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Adero PO, Furukawa T, Huang M, Mukherjee D, Retailleau P, Bohé L, Crich D. Cation Clock Reactions for the Determination of Relative Reaction Kinetics in Glycosylation Reactions: Applications to Gluco- and Mannopyranosyl Sulfoxide and Trichloroacetimidate Type Donors. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:10336-45. [PMID: 26207807 PMCID: PMC4545385 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of a cation clock method based on the intramolecular Sakurai reaction for probing the concentration dependence of the nucleophile in glycosylation reactions is described. The method is developed for the sulfoxide and trichloroacetimidate glycosylation protocols. The method reveals that O-glycosylation reactions have stronger concentration dependencies than C-glycosylation reactions consistent with a more associative, S(N)2-like character. For the 4,6-O-benzylidene-directed mannosylation reaction a significant difference in concentration dependence is found for the formation of the β- and α-anomers, suggesting a difference in mechanism and a rationale for the optimization of selectivity regardless of the type of donor employed. In the mannose series the cyclization reaction employed as clock results in the formation of cis and trans-fused oxabicyclo[4,4,0]decanes as products with the latter being strongly indicative of the involvement of a conformationally mobile transient glycosyl oxocarbenium ion. With identical protecting group arrays cyclization in the glucopyranose series is more rapid than in the mannopyranose manifold. The potential application of related clock reactions in other carbenium ion-based branches of organic synthesis is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip O. Adero
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Takayuki Furukawa
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Min Huang
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN UPR2301, Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Debaraj Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Pascal Retailleau
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN UPR2301, Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Luis Bohé
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS-ICSN UPR2301, Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - David Crich
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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112
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Li J, Huang R, Xing YK, Qiu G, Tao HY, Wang CJ. Catalytic Asymmetric Cascade Vinylogous Mukaiyama 1,6-Michael/Michael Addition of 2-Silyloxyfurans with Azoalkenes: Direct Approach to Fused Butyrolactones. J Am Chem Soc 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chun-Jiang Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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113
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Hosoya T, Kosma P, Rosenau T. Theoretical study on the effects of a 4,6-O-diacetal protecting group on the stability of ion pairs from d-mannopyranosyl and d-glucopyranosyl triflates. Carbohydr Res 2015; 411:64-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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114
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Meng B, Zhu Z, Baker DC. 1,2-cis Alkyl glycosides: straightforward glycosylation from unprotected 1-thioglycosyl donors. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 12:5182-91. [PMID: 24915049 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00626g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A 1,2-cis-alkyl glycosidation protocol that makes use of unprotected phenyl 1-thioglycosyl donors is reported. Glycosylation of various functionalized alcohols was accomplished in moderate to high yield and selectivity to give the 1,2-cis-glycosides. In order to quickly develop optimum glycosylation conditions, an FIA (flow injection analysis)-ESI-TOF-MS method was developed that enabled rapid and quantitative evaluation of yield on small scale. This methodology, coupled with NMR spectroscopy, allowed for rapid evaluation of the overall reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Meng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, USA.
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115
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Nigudkar SS, Demchenko AV. Stereocontrolled 1,2- cis glycosylation as the driving force of progress in synthetic carbohydrate chemistry. Chem Sci 2015; 6:2687-2704. [PMID: 26078847 PMCID: PMC4465199 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00280j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in stereoselective 1,2-cis glycosylation that have emerged during the past decade are surveyed herein. Recent developments in stereoselective 1,2-cis glycosylation that have emerged during the past decade are surveyed herein. For detailed coverage of the previous achievements in the field the reader is referred to our earlier reviews: A. V. Demchenko, Curr. Org. Chem. , 2003, 7 , 35–79 and Synlett , 2003, 1225–1240.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati S. Nigudkar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Missouri – St. Louis , One University Blvd , St. Louis , MO 63121 , USA .
| | - Alexei V. Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Missouri – St. Louis , One University Blvd , St. Louis , MO 63121 , USA .
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116
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Frihed TG, Bols M, Pedersen CM. Mechanisms of Glycosylation Reactions Studied by Low-Temperature Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Chem Rev 2015; 115:4963-5013. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500434x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mikael Bols
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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117
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Thompson AJ, Speciale G, Iglesias-Fernández J, Hakki Z, Belz T, Cartmell A, Spears RJ, Chandler E, Temple MJ, Stepper J, Gilbert HJ, Rovira C, Williams SJ, Davies GJ. Evidence for a Boat Conformation at the Transition State of GH76 α-1,6-Mannanases-Key Enzymes in Bacterial and Fungal Mannoprotein Metabolism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201410502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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118
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Zhu Y, Yu B. Highly Stereoselective β-Mannopyranosylation via the 1-α-Glycosyloxy-isochromenylium-4-gold(I) Intermediates. Chemistry 2015; 21:8771-80. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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119
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Arihara R, Kakita K, Suzuki N, Nakamura S, Hashimoto S. Glycosylation with 2-Acetamido-2-deoxyglycosyl Donors at a Low Temperature: Scope of the Non-Oxazoline Method. J Org Chem 2015; 80:4259-77. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryoichi Arihara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kakita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Suzuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Seiichi Nakamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Shunichi Hashimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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120
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Sun P, Wang P, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wang C, Liu S, Lu J, Li M. Construction of β-Mannosidic Bonds via Gold(I)-Catalyzed Glycosylations with Mannopyranosyl ortho-Hexynylbenzoates and Its Application in Synthesis of Acremomannolipin A. J Org Chem 2015; 80:4164-75. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Sun
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhen Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Shaojing Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jinjie Lu
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Key
Laboratory of Marine Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, School
of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 Shandong, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
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121
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Thompson AJ, Speciale G, Iglesias-Fernández J, Hakki Z, Belz T, Cartmell A, Spears RJ, Chandler E, Temple MJ, Stepper J, Gilbert HJ, Rovira C, Williams SJ, Davies GJ. Evidence for a boat conformation at the transition state of GH76 α-1,6-mannanases--key enzymes in bacterial and fungal mannoprotein metabolism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:5378-82. [PMID: 25772148 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
α-Mannosidases and α-mannanases have attracted attention for the insight they provide into nucleophilic substitution at the hindered anomeric center of α-mannosides, and the potential of mannosidase inhibitors as cellular probes and therapeutic agents. We report the conformational itinerary of the family GH76 α-mannanases studied through structural analysis of the Michaelis complex and synthesis and evaluation of novel aza/imino sugar inhibitors. A Michaelis complex in an (O) S2 conformation, coupled with distortion of an azasugar in an inhibitor complex to a high energy B2,5 conformation are rationalized through ab initio QM/MM metadynamics that show how the enzyme surface restricts the conformational landscape of the substrate, rendering the B2,5 conformation the most energetically stable on-enzyme. We conclude that GH76 enzymes perform catalysis using an itinerary that passes through (O) S2 and B2,5 (≠) conformations, information that should inspire the development of new antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD (UK)
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122
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Taylor MS. Catalysis based on reversible covalent interactions of organoboron compounds. Acc Chem Res 2015; 48:295-305. [PMID: 25493641 DOI: 10.1021/ar500371z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
CONSPECTUS: An Account of the development of organoboron-catalyzed methods for chemo- or regioselective activation of pyruvic acids, diols, and carbohydrate derivatives is presented. These methods are based on reversible, covalent interactions that have been exploited extensively in host-guest chemistry, but were comparatively underutilized in catalysis. Important differences between the established properties of organboron compounds in molecular recognition and their behavior as catalysts emerged over the course of this work: for instance, borinic acids, which have largely been ignored in molecular recognition, proved to be a particularly useful class of catalysts. Nonetheless, the high selectivity that has enabled applications of organoboron compounds in molecular recognition (e.g., the selective binding of cis-1,2-diol groups in carbohydrates) also appears to play a key role in the outcomes of catalytic reactions. This research program began as a modest, narrowly defined project aimed at developing direct aldol reactions based on established interactions between pyruvic acids and boronic acids. While this goal was achieved, it was unexpected observations related to the nature of the nucleophile in this transformation (a putative tetracoordinate boron enolate) that attracted our attention and pointed toward broader applications in the catalyst-controlled, regioselective functionalization of polyols. This line of research proved to be fruitful: diarylborinic-acid-based precatalysts were found to promote efficient monoalkylations, sulfonylations, and alkylations of a range of diol substrates, as well as cis-1,2-diol motifs in pyranoside-derived triols. Extension of this chemistry to glycosyl donors as electrophiles enabled the regioselective, catalyst-controlled synthesis of disaccharides from readily accessible feedstocks, and was also employed to modify the oligosaccharide component of a complex, glycosylated natural product. Mechanistic studies have played an important role in our efforts to optimize catalyst activity and expand substrate scope for this class of transformations. For instance, it was kinetic studies of the sulfonylation of diols that motivated us to investigate heteroboraanthracene-derived borinic acids as catalysts, despite their low affinity for these substrates. Likewise, preliminary studies suggesting an SN2-type pathway for organoboron-catalyzed glycosylations were instrumental in our development of a method for selective formation of β-2-deoxyglycosides. Details of these mechanistic studies, along with prospects for applying catalyst-controlled glycosylation in oligosaccharide synthesis and natural product glycorandomization, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S. Taylor
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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123
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Bohé L, Crich D. A propos of glycosyl cations and the mechanism of chemical glycosylation; the current state of the art. Carbohydr Res 2015; 403:48-59. [PMID: 25108484 PMCID: PMC4281519 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An overview of recent advances in glycosylation with particular emphasis on mechanism is presented. The mounting evidence for both the existence of glycosyl oxocarbenium ions as fleeting intermediates in some reactions, and the crucial role of the associated counterion in others is discussed. The extremes of the SN1 and SN2 manifolds for the glycosylation reaction are bridged by a continuum of mechanisms in which it appears likely that most examples are located.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Bohé
- Centre de Recherche de Gif, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - David Crich
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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124
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Totani K, Shinoda Y, Shiba M, Iwamoto S, Koizumi A, Matsuzaki Y, Hirano M. Silyl-assisted 1,2-cis-α-glucosylation for the synthesis of a triglucoside moiety in high-mannose-type oligosaccharides. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra16659d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a new 1,2-cis-α-glucosylation reaction, mediated by enhancing the α-favoured transition state via an electron-donating form the TBS group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiichiro Totani
- Department of Materials and Life Science
- Seikei University
- Tokyo 180-8633
- Japan
| | - Yuki Shinoda
- Department of Materials and Life Science
- Seikei University
- Tokyo 180-8633
- Japan
| | - Masaaki Shiba
- Department of Materials and Life Science
- Seikei University
- Tokyo 180-8633
- Japan
| | - Shogo Iwamoto
- Department of Materials and Life Science
- Seikei University
- Tokyo 180-8633
- Japan
| | - Akira Koizumi
- Department of Materials and Life Science
- Seikei University
- Tokyo 180-8633
- Japan
| | - Yuji Matsuzaki
- Glyco Synthetic Lab
- Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd
- Tokyo 114-0003
- Japan
| | - Makoto Hirano
- Department of Materials and Life Science
- Seikei University
- Tokyo 180-8633
- Japan
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125
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Abstract
Reagent molecules inside solution domains {R1} and {R2} cannot contact hence react. For this reason solution structure may influence chemical reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. O. Kononov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
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126
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Hosoya T, Kosma P, Rosenau T. Contact ion pairs and solvent-separated ion pairs from d-mannopyranosyl and d-glucopyranosyl triflates. Carbohydr Res 2015; 401:127-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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127
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Kusunuru AK, Yousuf SK, Tatina M, Mukherjee D. DesulfitativeC-Arylation of Glycals by Using Benzenesulfonyl Chlorides. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201403195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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128
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Prévost M, Dostie S, Waltz MÈ, Guindon Y. Investigation of diastereoselective acyclic α-alkoxydithioacetal substitutions involving thiacarbenium intermediates. J Org Chem 2014; 79:10504-25. [PMID: 25280088 DOI: 10.1021/jo502181a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is an experimental and theoretical study that elucidates why silylated nucleobase additions to acyclic α-alkoxythiacarbenium intermediates proceed with high 1,2-syn stereocontrol (anti-Felkin-Anh), which is opposite to what would be expected with corresponding activated aldehydes. The acyclic thioaminals formed undergo intramolecular cyclizations to provide nucleoside analogues with anticancer and antiviral properties. The factors influencing the selectivity of the substitution reaction have been examined thoroughly. Halothioether species initially form, ionize in the presence (low dielectric media) or absence (higher dielectric media) of the nucleophile, and react through SN2-like transition structures (TS A and D), where the α-alkoxy group is gauche to the thioether moiety. An important, and perhaps counterintuitive, observation in this work was that calculations done in the gas phase or low dielectric media (toluene) are essential to locate the product- and rate-determining transition structures (C-N bond formation) that allow the most reasonable prediction of selectivity and isotope effects for more polar solvents (THF, MeCN). The ΔΔG(⧧) (G(TSA-TSD)) obtained in silico are consistent with the preferential formation of 1,2-syn product and with the trends of stereocontrol displayed by 2,3-anti and 2,3-syn α,β-bis-alkoxydithioacetals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Prévost
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM) , Montréal, Québec, H2W 1R7, Canada
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129
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Mulani SK, Hung WC, Ingle AB, Shiau KS, Mong KKT. Modulating glycosylation with exogenous nucleophiles: an overview. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:1184-97. [PMID: 24382624 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42129e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The major challenge in carbohydrate synthesis is stereochemical control of glycosidic bond formation. Different glycosylation methods have been developed that are based on the modulation effect of external nucleophiles. This review highlights the development, synthetic application, challenges and outlook of the modulated glycosylation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaheen K Mulani
- Applied Chemistry Department, National Chiao Tung University, 1001, Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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130
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Chan J, Sannikova N, Tang A, Bennet AJ. Transition-State Structure for the Quintessential SN2 Reaction of a Carbohydrate: Reaction of α-Glucopyranosyl Fluoride with Azide Ion in Water. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:12225-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja506092h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Chan
- Chemistry Department, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Natalia Sannikova
- Chemistry Department, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Ariel Tang
- Chemistry Department, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Andrew J. Bennet
- Chemistry Department, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
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131
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Hosoya T, Takano T, Kosma P, Rosenau T. Theoretical Foundation for the Presence of Oxacarbenium Ions in Chemical Glycoside Synthesis. J Org Chem 2014; 79:7889-94. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501012s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Hosoya
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse
18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Toshiyuki Takano
- Graduate
School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawaoiwake-cho, Sakyoku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Paul Kosma
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse
18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Rosenau
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse
18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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132
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van Rijssel ER, van Delft P, Lodder G, Overkleeft HS, van der Marel GA, Filippov DV, Codée JDC. Furanosyl Oxocarbenium Ion Stability and Stereoselectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201405477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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133
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van Rijssel ER, van Delft P, Lodder G, Overkleeft HS, van der Marel GA, Filippov DV, Codée JDC. Furanosyl Oxocarbenium Ion Stability and Stereoselectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:10381-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201405477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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134
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β-(Carbonatoxy)alkyl radicals: a new subset of β-(ester)alkyl radical fragmentation during copper(I)-mediated synthesis of 1,1-dichloro-1-alkenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.05.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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135
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Whitfield DM. In a glycosylation reaction how does a hydroxylic nucleophile find the activated anomeric carbon? Carbohydr Res 2014; 403:69-89. [PMID: 24962244 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism by which nucleophilic hydroxyls are attracted to activated glycopyranosyl donors is not known. Besides the intrinsic attraction of oxygen centred negative dipoles towards the developing electron deficiency at the anomeric carbon only a few suggestions have been given in the literature. By studying the effect on Density Functional Theory (DFT) modelled glycosylation reactions on the presence of polar additives as tested with acetonitrile two possible effects have been identified. One was noted in a previous publication (Carbohydr. Res.2012, 356, 180-190) and two further examples discovered here that suggest that a lone pair of a nucleophile approaching a donor with a β-leaving group from the α-face can act as the antiperiplanar lone pair that assists leaving group departure. This interaction starts at just under a nucleophile C-1 separation of 3Å and has an incipient bond angle of O-5-C-1-Nuc(O or N) of very close to 90° which can be at C-1 with the p-type orbital at C-1-O-5 of the incipient oxacarbenium ion, that is, the LUMO of the activated donor. The 2nd interaction is less well studied and is suggested to be a similar bonding interaction which moves β-face nucleophiles to O-Nuc-C-1-leaving groups angles close to 180°.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis M Whitfield
- National Research Council, Human Health Therapeutics, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada.
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136
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Kancharla PK, Kato T, Crich D. Probing the influence of protecting groups on the anomeric equilibrium in sialic acid glycosides with the persistent radical effect. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:5472-80. [PMID: 24606062 PMCID: PMC4004215 DOI: 10.1021/ja501276r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A method for the investigation of the influence of protecting groups on the anomeric equilibrium in the sialic acid glycosides has been developed on the basis of the equilibration of O-sialyl hydroxylamines by reversible homolytic scission of the glycosidic bond following the dictates of the Fischer-Ingold persistent radical effect. It is found that a trans-fused 4O,5N-oxazolidinone group stabilizes the equatorial glycoside, i.e., reduces the anomeric effect, when compared to the 4O,5N-diacetyl protected systems. This effect is discussed in terms of the powerful electron-withdrawing nature of the oxazolidinone system, which in turn is a function of its strong dipole moment in the mean plane of the pyranose ring system. The new equilibration method displays a small solvent effect and is most pronounced in less polar media consistent with the anomeric effect in general. The unusual (for anomeric radicals) poor kinetic selectivity of anomeric sialyl radicals is discussed in terms of the planar π-type structure of these radicals and of competing 1,3-diaxial interactions in the diastereomeric transition states for trapping on the α- and β-faces of the radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan K Kancharla
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
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137
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Gannedi V, Ali A, Singh PP, Vishwakarma RA. Intramolecular aglycon delivery for (1→2)-β-mannosylation: towards the synthesis of phospholipomannan of Candida albicans. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.03.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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138
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Heuckendorff M, Bendix J, Pedersen CM, Bols M. β-Selective mannosylation with a 4,6-silylene-tethered thiomannosyl donor. Org Lett 2014; 16:1116-9. [PMID: 24502365 DOI: 10.1021/ol403722f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Mannosylations using the new conformationally restricted donor phenyl 2,3-di-O-benzyl-4,6-O-(di-tert-butylsilylene)-1-thio-α-D-mannopyranoside (6) have been found to be β-selective with a variety of activation conditions. The simplest activation conditions were NIS/TfOH, in which case it is proposed that the β-mannoside is formed from β-selective glycosylation of the oxocarbenium ion 25 in a B(2,5) conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mads Heuckendorff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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139
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Liu A, Ren X, An M, Zhang J, Yang P, Wang B, Zhu Y, Wang C. A combined theoretical and experimental study for silver electroplating. Sci Rep 2014; 4:3837. [PMID: 24452389 PMCID: PMC3899642 DOI: 10.1038/srep03837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel method combined theoretical and experimental study for environmental friendly silver electroplating was introduced. Quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations were employed for predicting the behaviour and function of the complexing agents. Electronic properties, orbital information, and single point energies of the 5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DMH), nicotinic acid (NA), as well as their silver(I)-complexes were provided by quantum chemical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). Adsorption behaviors of the agents on copper and silver surfaces were investigated using MD simulations. Basing on the data of quantum chemical calculations and MD simulations, we believed that DMH and NA could be the promising complexing agents for silver electroplating. The experimental results, including of electrochemical measurement and silver electroplating, further confirmed the above prediction. This efficient and versatile method thus opens a new window to study or design complexing agents for generalized metal electroplating and will vigorously promote the level of this research region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Maozhong An
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinqiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Peixia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
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140
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Applications of organoboron compounds in carbohydrate chemistry and glycobiology: analysis, separation, protection, and activation. Carbohydr Res 2013; 381:112-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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141
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Moumé-Pymbock M, Furukawa T, Mondal S, Crich D. Probing the influence of a 4,6-O-acetal on the reactivity of galactopyranosyl donors: verification of the disarming influence of the trans-gauche conformation of C5-C6 bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:14249-55. [PMID: 23984633 PMCID: PMC3814037 DOI: 10.1021/ja405588x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The effect of a 4,6-O-alkylidene acetal on the rate of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of methyl galactopyranosides and of spontaneous hydrolysis of 2,4-dinitrophenyl galactopyranosides has been studied through the synthesis and hydrolysis of analogs in which O6 is replaced by a methoxymethylene unit in which the methoxy group adopts either an equatorial or an axial position according to the configuration. Consistent with earlier studies under both acid-catalyzed and spontaneous hydrolysis conditions, the alkylidene acetal, or its 7-carba analog, retards hydrolysis with respect to comparable systems lacking the cyclic protecting group. The configuration at C6 in the 7-carba analogs does not influence the rate of acid-catalyzed hydrolysis but has a minor influence on the rate of spontaneous hydrolysis of the 2,4-dinitrophenyl galactosides, confirming earlier studies on the role played by the hydroxymethyl group conformation on glycoside reactivity. The benzylidene acetal is found to stabilize the α-anomer of galactopyranose derivatives relative to monocyclic analogs. Reasons for the α-selectivity of 4,6-O-benzylidene-protected galactopyranosyl donors bearing neighboring group-active protecting groups at O2 are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriame Moumé-Pymbock
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202
| | - Takayuki Furukawa
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202
| | - Sujit Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202
| | - David Crich
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202
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142
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Issa JP, Lloyd D, Steliotes E, Bennett CS. Reagent controlled β-specific dehydrative glycosylation reactions with 2-deoxy-sugars. Org Lett 2013; 15:4170-3. [PMID: 23906042 DOI: 10.1021/ol4018547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
N-Sulfonyl imidazoles activate 2-deoxy-sugar hemiacetals for glycosylation presumably by converting them into glycosyl sulfonates in situ. By matching the leaving group ability of the sulfonate with the reactivity of the donor, it is possible to obtain β-specific glycosylation reactions. The reaction serves as proof of the principle that, by choosing promoters that can modulate the reactivity of active intermediates, it is possible to place glycosylation reactions entirely under reagent control.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Paul Issa
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
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143
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Advances in kinetic isotope effect measurement techniques for enzyme mechanism study. Molecules 2013; 18:9278-92. [PMID: 23917115 PMCID: PMC6270257 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18089278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) are a very powerful tool for investigating enzyme mechanisms. Precision of measurement is the most important factor for KIE determinations, especially for small heavy atom KIEs. Internal competition is commonly used to measure small KIEs on V/K. Several methods, including such as liquid scintillation counting, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and polarimetry have been used to determine KIEs. In this paper, which does not aspire to be an exhaustive review, we briefly review different experimental approaches for the measurement of KIEs on enzymatic reaction with an emphasis on newer techniques employing mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry as well as some corresponding examples.
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144
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Lourenço EC, Ventura MR. The effect of electron withdrawing protecting groups at positions 4 and 6 on 1,2-cis galactosylation. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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145
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Satoh H, Manabe S. Design of chemical glycosyl donors: does changing ring conformation influence selectivity/reactivity? Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:4297-309. [PMID: 23364773 DOI: 10.1039/c3cs35457a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
This tutorial review focuses on the design of glycosyl donors, especially on attempts to control selectivity/reactivity by employing bulky substituents, cyclic protecting groups, or bridged structures. These structural modifications are performed to change the conformational distributions of pyranoside/furanoside rings. We also briefly discuss this issue with regard to studies on furanosides and enzymatic glycosylation reactions. Readers will find that some of the designed glycosyl donors have been used to achieve total syntheses of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Satoh
- National Institute of Informatics (NII), Hitotsubashi 2-1-2, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan.
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146
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Frihed TG, Walvoort MTC, Codée JDC, van der Marel GA, Bols M, Pedersen CM. Influence of O6 in Mannosylations Using Benzylidene Protected Donors: Stereoelectronic or Conformational Effects? J Org Chem 2013; 78:2191-205. [DOI: 10.1021/jo302455d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Gylling Frihed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100
Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marthe T. C. Walvoort
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden,
The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen D. C. Codée
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden,
The Netherlands
| | - Gijs A. van der Marel
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden,
The Netherlands
| | - Mikael Bols
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100
Copenhagen, Denmark
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147
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Ranade SC, Demchenko AV. Mechanism of Chemical Glycosylation: Focus on the Mode of Activation and Departure of Anomeric Leaving Groups. J Carbohydr Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2012.749264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sneha C. Ranade
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Missouri , St. Louis , MO , 63121 , USA
| | - Alexei V. Demchenko
- a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Missouri , St. Louis , MO , 63121 , USA
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148
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Yang L, Qin Q, Ye XS. Preactivation: An Alternative Strategy in Stereoselective Glycosylation and Oligosaccharide Synthesis. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201200136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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149
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Walvoort MTC, van der Marel GA, Overkleeft HS, Codée JDC. On the reactivity and selectivity of donor glycosides in glycochemistry and glycobiology: trapped covalent intermediates. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc21610h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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150
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Manabe S, Satoh H. Unique Reactivity of Pyranosides with 2,3-trans Carbamate Group; Renaissance of Endocyclic Cleavage Reaction. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2013. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.71.616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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