101
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Namer B, Ørstavik K, Schmidt R, Mair N, Kleggetveit IP, Zeidler M, Martha T, Jorum E, Schmelz M, Kalpachidou T, Kress M, Langeslag M. Changes in Ionic Conductance Signature of Nociceptive Neurons Underlying Fabry Disease Phenotype. Front Neurol 2017; 8:335. [PMID: 28769867 PMCID: PMC5510289 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The first symptom arising in many Fabry patients is neuropathic pain due to changes in small myelinated and unmyelinated fibers in the periphery, which is subsequently followed by a loss of sensory perception. Here we studied changes in the peripheral nervous system of Fabry patients and a Fabry mouse model induced by deletion of α-galactosidase A (Gla-/0). The skin innervation of Gla-/0 mice resembles that of the human Fabry patients. In Fabry diseased humans and Gla-/0 mice, we observed similar sensory abnormalities, which were also observed in nerve fiber recordings in both patients and mice. Electrophysiological recordings of cultured Gla-/0 nociceptors revealed that the conductance of voltage-gated Na+ and Ca2+ currents was decreased in Gla-/0 nociceptors, whereas the activation of voltage-gated K+ currents was at more depolarized potentials. Conclusively, we have observed that reduced sensory perception due to small-fiber degeneration coincides with altered electrophysiological properties of sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Namer
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kirstin Ørstavik
- Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Roland Schmidt
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Norbert Mair
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Division of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Inge Petter Kleggetveit
- Section of Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maximillian Zeidler
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Division of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Theresa Martha
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Division of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ellen Jorum
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Schmelz
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Theodora Kalpachidou
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Division of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michaela Kress
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Division of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michiel Langeslag
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Division of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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102
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Abstract
Acute and chronic pain complaints, although common, are generally poorly served by existing therapies. This unmet clinical need reflects a failure to develop novel classes of analgesics with superior efficacy, diminished adverse effects and a lower abuse liability than those currently available. Reasons for this include the heterogeneity of clinical pain conditions, the complexity and diversity of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, and the unreliability of some preclinical pain models. However, recent advances in our understanding of the neurobiology of pain are beginning to offer opportunities for developing novel therapeutic strategies and revisiting existing targets, including modulating ion channels, enzymes and G-protein-coupled receptors.
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103
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Huang J, Vanoye CG, Cutts A, Goldberg YP, Dib-Hajj SD, Cohen CJ, Waxman SG, George AL. Sodium channel NaV1.9 mutations associated with insensitivity to pain dampen neuronal excitability. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:2805-2814. [PMID: 28530638 DOI: 10.1172/jci92373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channel (NaV) mutations cause genetic pain disorders that range from severe paroxysmal pain to a congenital inability to sense pain. Previous studies on NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 established clear relationships between perturbations in channel function and divergent clinical phenotypes. By contrast, studies of NaV1.9 mutations have not revealed a clear relationship of channel dysfunction with the associated and contrasting clinical phenotypes. Here, we have elucidated the functional consequences of a NaV1.9 mutation (L1302F) that is associated with insensitivity to pain. We investigated the effects of L1302F and a previously reported mutation (L811P) on neuronal excitability. In transfected heterologous cells, the L1302F mutation caused a large hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage-dependence of activation, leading to substantially enhanced overlap between activation and steady-state inactivation relationships. In transfected small rat dorsal root ganglion neurons, expression of L1302F and L811P evoked large depolarizations of the resting membrane potential and impaired action potential generation. Therefore, our findings implicate a cellular loss of function as the basis for impaired pain sensation. We further demonstrated that a U-shaped relationship between the resting potential and the neuronal action potential threshold explains why NaV1.9 mutations that evoke small degrees of membrane depolarization cause hyperexcitability and familial episodic pain disorder or painful neuropathy, while mutations evoking larger membrane depolarizations cause hypoexcitability and insensitivity to pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Huang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine; and Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Administration Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Carlos G Vanoye
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Alison Cutts
- Xenon Pharmaceuticals, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Sulayman D Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine; and Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Administration Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine; and Rehabilitation Research Center, Veterans Administration Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alfred L George
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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104
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Lu S, Ma S, Wang Y, Huang T, Zhu Z, Zhao G. Mus musculus-microRNA-449a ameliorates neuropathic pain by decreasing the level of KCNMA1 and TRPA1, and increasing the level of TPTE. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:353-360. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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105
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Expression and Role of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Human Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons with Special Focus on Nav1.7, Species Differences, and Regulation by Paclitaxel. Neurosci Bull 2017; 34:4-12. [PMID: 28424991 PMCID: PMC5648619 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-017-0132-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (Navs) play an important role in human pain sensation. However, the expression and role of Nav subtypes in native human sensory neurons are unclear. To address this issue, we obtained human dorsal root ganglion (hDRG) tissues from healthy donors. PCR analysis of seven DRG-expressed Nav subtypes revealed that the hDRG has higher expression of Nav1.7 (~50% of total Nav expression) and lower expression of Nav1.8 (~12%), whereas the mouse DRG has higher expression of Nav1.8 (~45%) and lower expression of Nav1.7 (~18%). To mimic Nav regulation in chronic pain, we treated hDRG neurons in primary cultures with paclitaxel (0.1–1 μmol/L) for 24 h. Paclitaxel increased the Nav1.7 but not Nav1.8 expression and also increased the transient Na+ currents and action potential firing frequency in small-diameter (<50 μm) hDRG neurons. Thus, the hDRG provides a translational model in which to study “human pain in a dish” and test new pain therapeutics.
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106
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Vetter I, Deuis JR, Mueller A, Israel MR, Starobova H, Zhang A, Rash LD, Mobli M. NaV1.7 as a pain target – From gene to pharmacology. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 172:73-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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107
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Leng XR, Qi XH, Zhou YT, Wang YP. Gain-of-function mutation p.Arg225Cys in SCN11A causes familial episodic pain and contributes to essential tremor. J Hum Genet 2017; 62:641-646. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2017.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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108
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King MK, Leipold E, Goehringer JM, Kurth I, Challman TD. Pain insensitivity: distal S6-segment mutations in Na V1.9 emerge as critical hotspot. Neurogenetics 2017; 18:179-181. [PMID: 28289907 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-017-0513-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret K King
- Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, Geisinger Health System, Lewisburg, PA, USA. .,Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA.
| | - Enrico Leipold
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Friedrich Schiller University Jena & Jena University Hospital, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Jessica M Goehringer
- Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, Geisinger Health System, Lewisburg, PA, USA
| | - Ingo Kurth
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas D Challman
- Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, Geisinger Health System, Lewisburg, PA, USA
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109
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Park SB, Baker MD. Too fast: rare neuropathic pain state associated with easy activation of Na V1.9. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2017; 88:194. [PMID: 27683919 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2016-314417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanna B Park
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark D Baker
- Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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110
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Han C, Yang Y, Te Morsche RH, Drenth JPH, Politei JM, Waxman SG, Dib-Hajj SD. Familial gain-of-function Na v1.9 mutation in a painful channelopathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2017; 88:233-240. [PMID: 27503742 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2016-313804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gain-of-function mutations in Nav1.9 have been identified in three families with rare heritable pain disorders, and in patients with painful small-fibre neuropathy. Identification and functional assessment of new Nav1.9 mutations will help to elucidate the phenotypic spectrum of Nav1.9 channelopathies. METHODS Patients from a large family with early-onset pain symptoms were evaluated by clinical examination and genomic screening for mutations in SCN9A and SCN11A. Electrophysiological recordings and multistate modelling analysis were implemented for functional analyses. RESULTS A novel Nav1.9 mutation, p.Arg222His, was identified in patients with early-onset pain in distal extremities including joints and gastrointestinal disturbances, but was absent from an asymptomatic blood relative. This mutation alters channel structure by substituting the highly conserved first arginine residue in transmembrane segment 4 (domain 1), the voltage sensor, with histidine. Voltage-clamp recordings demonstrate a hyperpolarising shift and acceleration of activation of the p.Arg222His mutant channel, which make it easier to open the channel. When expressed in dorsal root ganglion neurons, mutant p.Arg222His channels increase excitability via a depolarisation of resting potential and increased evoked firing. CONCLUSIONS This study expands the spectrum of heritable pain disorders linked to gain-of-function mutations in Nav1.9, strengthening human validation of this channel as a potential therapeutic target for pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Han
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Restoration of Nervous System Function, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Restoration of Nervous System Function, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rene H Te Morsche
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost P H Drenth
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Juan M Politei
- Department of Neurology, Fundación para el Estudio de las Enfermedades Neurometabólicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Restoration of Nervous System Function, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sulayman D Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Center for Restoration of Nervous System Function, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
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111
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Asiedu MN, Han C, Dib-Hajj SD, Waxman SG, Price TJ, Dussor G. The AMPK Activator A769662 Blocks Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels: Discovery of a Novel Pharmacophore with Potential Utility for Analgesic Development. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169882. [PMID: 28118359 PMCID: PMC5261566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) regulate neuronal excitability by governing action potential (AP) generation and propagation. Recent studies have revealed that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activators decrease sensory neuron excitability, potentially by preventing sodium (Na+) channel phosphorylation by kinases such as ERK or via modulation of translation regulation pathways. The direct positive allosteric modulator A769662 displays substantially greater efficacy than other AMPK activators in decreasing sensory neuron excitability suggesting additional mechanisms of action. Here, we show that A769662 acutely inhibits AP firing stimulated by ramp current injection in rat trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons. PT1, a structurally dissimilar AMPK activator that reduces nerve growth factor (NGF) -induced hyperexcitability, has no influence on AP firing in TG neurons upon acute application. In voltage-clamp recordings, application of A769662 reduces VGSC current amplitudes. These findings, based on acute A769662 application, suggest a direct channel blocking effect. Indeed, A769662 dose-dependently blocks VGSC in rat TG neurons and in Nav1.7-transfected cells with an IC50 of ~ 10 μM. A769662 neither displayed use-dependent inhibition nor interacted with the local anesthetic (LA) binding site. Popliteal fossa administration of A769662 decreased noxious thermal responses with a peak effect at 5 mins demonstrating an analgesic effect. These data indicate that in addition to AMPK activation, A769662 acts as a direct blocker/modulator of VGSCs, a potential mechanism enhancing the analgesic property of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina N. Asiedu
- University of Arizona, Department of Pharmacology, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Richardson, Texas, United States of America
| | - Chongyang Han
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, and Veterans Administration Connecticut Healthcare System, Rehabilitation Research Center, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Sulayman D. Dib-Hajj
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, and Veterans Administration Connecticut Healthcare System, Rehabilitation Research Center, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Stephen G. Waxman
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, and Veterans Administration Connecticut Healthcare System, Rehabilitation Research Center, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Theodore J. Price
- University of Arizona, Department of Pharmacology, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Richardson, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gregory Dussor
- University of Arizona, Department of Pharmacology, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Richardson, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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112
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James S. The Genetics of Pain. CURRENT ANESTHESIOLOGY REPORTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40140-016-0185-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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113
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The effects of ropivacaine hydrochloride on the expression of CaMK II mRNA in the dorsal root ganglion neurons. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:2014-2019. [PMID: 27863837 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we identified the subtype of Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK II) mRNA in dorsal root ganglion neurons and observed the effects of ropivacaine hydrochloride in different concentration and different exposure time on the mRNA expression. Dorsal root ganglion neurons were isolated from the SD rats and cultured in vitro. The mRNA of the CaMK II subtype in dorsal root ganglion neurons were detected by real-time PCR. As well as, the dorsal root ganglion neurons were treated with ropivacaine hydrochloride in different concentration (1mM,2mM, 3mM and 4mM) for the same exposure time of 4h, or different exposure time (0h,2h,3h,4h and 6h) at the same concentration(3mM). The changes of the mRNA expression of the CaMK II subtype were observed with real-time PCR. All subtype mRNA of the CaMK II, CaMK IIα, CaMK IIβ, CaMK II δ, CaMK IIγ, can be detected in dorsal root ganglion neurons. With the increased of the concentration and exposure time of the ropivacaine hydrochloride, all the subtype mRNA expression increased. Ropivacaine hydrochloride up-regulate the CaMK IIβ, CaMK IIδ, CaMK IIg mRNA expression with the concentration and exposure time increasing. The nerve blocking or the neurotoxicity of the ropivacaine hydrochloride maybe involved with CaMK II.
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114
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Masocha W. Gene expression profile of sodium channel subunits in the anterior cingulate cortex during experimental paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain in mice. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2702. [PMID: 27896032 PMCID: PMC5119229 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel, a chemotherapeutic agent, causes neuropathic pain whose supraspinal pathophysiology is not fully understood. Dysregulation of sodium channel expression, studied mainly in the periphery and spinal cord level, contributes to the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain. We examined gene expression of sodium channel (Nav) subunits by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) at day 7 post first administration of paclitaxel, when mice had developed paclitaxel-induced thermal hyperalgesia. The ACC was chosen because increased activity in the ACC has been observed during neuropathic pain. In the ACC of vehicle-treated animals the threshold cycle (Ct) values for Nav1.4, Nav1.5, Nav1.7, Nav1.8 and Nav1.9 were above 30 and/or not detectable in some samples. Thus, comparison in mRNA expression between untreated control, vehicle-treated and paclitaxel treated animals was done for Nav1.1, Nav1.2, Nav1.3, Nav1.6, Nax as well as Navβ1–Navβ4. There were no differences in the transcript levels of Nav1.1–Nav1.3, Nav1.6, Nax, Navβ1–Navβ3 between untreated and vehicle-treated mice, however, vehicle treatment increased Navβ4 expression. Paclitaxel treatment significantly increased the mRNA expression of Nav1.1, Nav1.2, Nav1.6 and Nax, but not Nav1.3, sodium channel alpha subunits compared to vehicle-treated animals. Treatment with paclitaxel significantly increased the expression of Navβ1 and Navβ3, but not Navβ2 and Navβ4, sodium channel beta subunits compared to vehicle-treated animals. These findings suggest that during paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain (PINP) there is differential upregulation of sodium channels in the ACC, which might contribute to the increased neuronal activity observed in the area during neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willias Masocha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University , Safat , Kuwait
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115
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Reduced excitability and impaired nociception in peripheral unmyelinated fibers from Nav1.9-null mice. Pain 2016; 158:58-67. [DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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116
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Lin Z, Santos S, Padilla K, Printzenhoff D, Castle NA. Biophysical and Pharmacological Characterization of Nav1.9 Voltage Dependent Sodium Channels Stably Expressed in HEK-293 Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161450. [PMID: 27556810 PMCID: PMC4996523 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The voltage dependent sodium channel Nav1.9, is expressed preferentially in peripheral sensory neurons and has been linked to human genetic pain disorders, which makes it target of interest for the development of new pain therapeutics. However, characterization of Nav1.9 pharmacology has been limited due in part to the historical difficulty of functionally expressing recombinant channels. Here we report the successful generation and characterization of human, mouse and rat Nav1.9 stably expressed in human HEK-293 cells. These cells exhibit slowly activating and inactivating inward sodium channel currents that have characteristics of native Nav1.9. Optimal functional expression was achieved by coexpression of Nav1.9 with β1/β2 subunits. While recombinantly expressed Nav1.9 was found to be sensitive to sodium channel inhibitors TC-N 1752 and tetracaine, potency was up to 100-fold less than reported for other Nav channel subtypes despite evidence to support an interaction with the canonical local anesthetic (LA) binding region on Domain 4 S6. Nav1.9 Domain 2 S6 pore domain contains a unique lysine residue (K799) which is predicted to be spatially near the local anesthetic interaction site. Mutation of this residue to the consensus asparagine (K799N) resulted in an increase in potency for tetracaine, but a decrease for TC-N 1752, suggesting that this residue can influence interaction of inhibitors with the Nav1.9 pore. In summary, we have shown that stable functional expression of Nav1.9 in the widely used HEK-293 cells is possible, which opens up opportunities to better understand channel properties and may potentially aid identification of novel Nav1.9 based pharmacotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Lin
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Sonia Santos
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Karen Padilla
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David Printzenhoff
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Neil A. Castle
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
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117
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Tanaka BS, Zhao P, Dib-Hajj FB, Morisset V, Tate S, Waxman SG, Dib-Hajj SD. A gain-of-function mutation in Nav1.6 in a case of trigeminal neuralgia. Mol Med 2016; 22:338-348. [PMID: 27496104 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2016.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a debilitating pain disorder characterized by episodic unilateral facial pain along the territory of branches of the trigeminal nerve. Human painful disorders, but not TN, have been linked to gain-of-function mutations in peripheral voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV1.7, NaV1.8 and NaV1.9). Gain-of-function mutations in NaV1.6, which is expressed in myelinated and unmyelinated CNS and peripheral nervous system neurons and supports neuronal high-frequency firing, have been linked to epilepsy but not to pain. Here, we describe an individual who presented with evoked and spontaneous paroxysmal unilateral facial pain, and carried a diagnosis of TN. Magnetic resonance imaging showed unilateral neurovascular compression, consistent with pain in areas innervated by the second branch of the trigeminal nerve. Genetic analysis as part of a phase 2 clinical study in patients with TN conducted by Convergence Pharmaceuticals Ltd revealed a previously undescribed de novo missense mutation in NaV1.6 (c.A406G; p.Met136Val). Whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings show that the Met136Val mutation significantly increases peak current density (1.5-fold) and resurgent current (1.6-fold) without altering gating properties. Current-clamp studies in trigeminal ganglion (TRG) neurons showed that Met136Val increased the fraction of high-firing neurons, lowered the current threshold and increased the frequency of evoked action potentials in response to graded stimuli. Our results demonstrate a novel NaV1.6 mutation in TN, and show that this mutation potentiates transient and resurgent sodium currents and leads to increased excitability in TRG neurons. We suggest that this gain-of-function NaV1.6 mutation may exacerbate the pathophysiology of vascular compression and contribute to TN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Tanaka
- Department of Neurology.,Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.,Rehabilitation Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Neurology.,Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.,Rehabilitation Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Fadia B Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology.,Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.,Rehabilitation Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Valerie Morisset
- Convergence Pharmaceuticals Ltd, a Biogen company, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Tate
- Convergence Pharmaceuticals Ltd, a Biogen company, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology.,Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.,Rehabilitation Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Sulayman D Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology.,Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.,Rehabilitation Research Center, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516
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Tibbs GR, Posson DJ, Goldstein PA. Voltage-Gated Ion Channels in the PNS: Novel Therapies for Neuropathic Pain? Trends Pharmacol Sci 2016; 37:522-542. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Okuda H, Noguchi A, Kobayashi H, Kondo D, Harada KH, Youssefian S, Shioi H, Kabata R, Domon Y, Kubota K, Kitano Y, Takayama Y, Hitomi T, Ohno K, Saito Y, Asano T, Tominaga M, Takahashi T, Koizumi A. Infantile Pain Episodes Associated with Novel Nav1.9 Mutations in Familial Episodic Pain Syndrome in Japanese Families. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154827. [PMID: 27224030 PMCID: PMC4880298 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Painful peripheral neuropathy has been correlated with various voltage-gated sodium channel mutations in sensory neurons. Recently Nav1.9, a voltage-gated sodium channel subtype, has been established as a genetic influence for certain peripheral pain syndromes. In this study, we performed a genetic study in six unrelated multigenerational Japanese families with episodic pain syndrome. Affected participants (n = 23) were characterized by infantile recurrent pain episodes with spontaneous mitigation around adolescence. This unique phenotype was inherited in an autosomal-dominant mode. Linkage analysis was performed for two families with 12 affected and nine unaffected members, and a single locus was identified on 3p22 (LOD score 4.32). Exome analysis (n = 14) was performed for affected and unaffected members in these two families and an additional family. Two missense variants were identified: R222H and R222S in SCN11A. Next, we generated a knock-in mouse model harboring one of the mutations (R222S). Behavioral tests (Hargreaves test and cold plate test) using R222S and wild-type C57BL/6 (WT) mice, young (8-9 weeks old; n = 10-12 for each group) and mature (36-38 weeks old; n = 5-6 for each group), showed that R222S mice were significantly (p < 0.05) more hypersensitive to hot and cold stimuli than WT mice. Electrophysiological studies using dorsal root ganglion neurons from 8-9-week-old mice showed no significant difference in resting membrane potential, but input impedance and firing frequency of evoked action potentials were significantly increased in R222S mice compared with WT mice. However, there was no significant difference among Nav1.9 (WT, R222S, and R222H)-overexpressing ND7/23 cell lines. These results suggest that our novel mutation is a gain-of-function mutation that causes infantile familial episodic pain. The mouse model developed here will be useful for drug screening for familial episodic pain syndrome associated with SCN11A mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Okuda
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsuko Noguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hatasu Kobayashi
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daiki Kondo
- Department of Pediatrics, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kouji H. Harada
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shohab Youssefian
- Laboratory of Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Shioi
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Risako Kabata
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Domon
- Biological Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Kubota
- Biological Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kitano
- Biological Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Takayama
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Hitomi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kousaku Ohno
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanin Rosai Hospital, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Saito
- Division of Child Neurology, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Takeshi Asano
- Department of Pediatrics, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Makoto Tominaga
- Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
- * E-mail: (AK); (TT)
| | - Akio Koizumi
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail: (AK); (TT)
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Tabakoff B, Ren W, Vanderlinden L, Snell LD, Matheson CJ, Wang ZJ, Levinson R, Smothers CT, Woodward JJ, Honse Y, Lovinger D, Rush AM, Sather WA, Gustafson DL, Hoffman PL. A novel substituted aminoquinoline selectively targets voltage-sensitive sodium channel isoforms and NMDA receptor subtypes and alleviates chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 784:1-14. [PMID: 27158117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent understanding of the systems that mediate complex disease states, has generated a search for molecules that simultaneously modulate more than one component of a pathologic pathway. Chronic pain syndromes are etiologically connected to functional changes (sensitization) in both peripheral sensory neurons and in the central nervous system (CNS). These functional changes involve modifications of a significant number of components of signal generating, signal transducing and signal propagating pathways. Our analysis of disease-related changes which take place in sensory neurons during sensitization led to the design of a molecule that would simultaneously inhibit peripheral NMDA receptors and voltage sensitive sodium channels. In the current report, we detail the selectivity of N,N-(diphenyl)-4-ureido-5,7-dichloro-2-carboxy-quinoline (DCUKA) for action at NMDA receptors composed of different subunit combinations and voltage sensitive sodium channels having different α subunits. We show that DCUKA is restricted to the periphery after oral administration, and that circulating blood levels are compatible with its necessary concentrations for effects at the peripheral cognate receptors/channels that were assayed in vitro. Our results demonstrate that DCUKA, at concentrations circulating in the blood after oral administration, can modulate systems which are upregulated during peripheral sensitization, and are important for generating and conducting pain information to the CNS. Furthermore, we demonstrate that DCUKA ameliorates the hyperalgesia of chronic pain without affecting normal pain responses in neuropathic and inflammation-induced chronic pain models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Tabakoff
- Lohocla Research Corporation, Colorado Bioscience Building, 12635 East Montview Blvd., Suite 128, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Campus Box: C238 12850, E. Montview Blvd., Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Wenhua Ren
- Lohocla Research Corporation, Colorado Bioscience Building, 12635 East Montview Blvd., Suite 128, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Lauren Vanderlinden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Campus Box: C238 12850, E. Montview Blvd., Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Lawrence D Snell
- Lohocla Research Corporation, Colorado Bioscience Building, 12635 East Montview Blvd., Suite 128, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Christopher J Matheson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Campus Box: C238 12850, E. Montview Blvd., Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Ze-Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19 Ave., Aurora, CO 80045 USA.
| | - Rock Levinson
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19th Ave., Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - C Thetford Smothers
- Department of Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - John J Woodward
- Department of Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Yumiko Honse
- Clinical and Biological Research Unit, NIAAA, 12420 Parklawn Dr., MSC 8115, Bethesda, MD 20892-8115, USA.
| | - David Lovinger
- Clinical and Biological Research Unit, NIAAA, 12420 Parklawn Dr., MSC 8115, Bethesda, MD 20892-8115, USA.
| | | | - William A Sather
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19 Ave., Aurora, CO 80045 USA.
| | - Daniel L Gustafson
- UCCC Pharmacology Shared Resource, Colorado State University, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, A CC246, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins, CO 80023, USA.
| | - Paula L Hoffman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E. 19 Ave., Aurora, CO 80045 USA.
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121
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Sodium Channels, Mitochondria, and Axonal Degeneration in Peripheral Neuropathy. Trends Mol Med 2016; 22:377-390. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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122
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George E, Elman I, Becerra L, Berg S, Borsook D. Pain in an era of armed conflicts: Prevention and treatment for warfighters and civilian casualties. Prog Neurobiol 2016; 141:25-44. [PMID: 27084355 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a common squealae of military- and terror-related injuries. While its pathophysiology has not yet been fully elucidated, it may be potentially related to premorbid neuropsychobiological status, as well as to the type of injury and to the neural alterations that it may evoke. Accordingly, optimized approaches for wounded individuals should integrate primary, secondary and tertiary prevention in the form of thorough evaluation of risk factors along with specific interventions to contravene and mitigate the ensuing chronicity. Thus, Premorbid Events phase may encompass assessments of psychological and neurobiological vulnerability factors in conjunction with fostering preparedness and resilience in both military and civilian populations at risk. Injuries per se phase calls for immediate treatment of acute pain in the field by pharmacological agents that spare and even enhance coping and adaptive capabilities. The key objective of the Post Injury Events is to prevent and/or reverse maladaptive peripheral- and central neural system's processes that mediate transformation of acute to chronic pain and to incorporate timely interventions for concomitant mental health problems including post-traumatic stress disorder and addiction We suggest that the proposed continuum of care may avert more disability and suffering than the currently employed less integrated strategies. While the requirements of the armed forces present a pressing need for this integrated continuum and a framework in which it can be most readily implemented, this approach may be also instrumental for the care of civilian casualties.
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Affiliation(s)
- E George
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School (HMS), United States; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, MGH, HMS, Boston, MA, United States; Commander, MC, USN (Ret), United States
| | - I Elman
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School (HMS), United States; Department of Psychiatry, Boonshoft School of Medicine and Dayton VA Medical Center, United States; Veterans Administration Medical Center, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - L Becerra
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School (HMS), United States; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, BCH, HMS, Boston, MA, United States; Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, MGH, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sheri Berg
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School (HMS), United States; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, MGH, HMS, Boston, MA, United States
| | - D Borsook
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School (HMS), United States; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, BCH, HMS, Boston, MA, United States; Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, MGH, Boston, MA, United States.
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123
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Emery EC, Luiz AP, Wood JN. Nav1.7 and other voltage-gated sodium channels as drug targets for pain relief. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:975-83. [PMID: 26941184 PMCID: PMC4950419 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1162295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic pain is a massive clinical problem. We discuss the potential of subtype selective sodium channel blockers that may provide analgesia with limited side effects. Areas covered: Sodium channel subtypes have been linked to human pain syndromes through genetic studies. Gain of function mutations in Nav1.7, 1.8 and 1.9 can cause pain, whilst loss of function Nav1.7 mutations lead to loss of pain in otherwise normal people. Intriguingly, both human and mouse Nav1.7 null mutants have increased opioid drive, because naloxone, an opioid antagonist, can reverse the analgesia associated with the loss of Nav1.7 expression. Expert Opinion: We believe there is a great future for sodium channel antagonists, particularly Nav1.7 antagonists in treating most pain syndromes. This review deals with recent attempts to develop specific sodium channel blockers, the mechanisms that underpin the Nav1.7 null pain-free phenotype and new routes to analgesia using, for example, gene therapy or combination therapy with subtype specific sodium channel blockers and opioids. The use of selective Nav1.7 antagonists together with either enkephalinase inhibitors or low dose opioids has the potential for side effect-free analgesia, as well as an important opioid sparing function that may be clinically very significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward C Emery
- a Molecular Nociception Group, Department of Medicine , WIBR, University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - Ana Paula Luiz
- a Molecular Nociception Group, Department of Medicine , WIBR, University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - John N Wood
- a Molecular Nociception Group, Department of Medicine , WIBR, University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
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124
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Alexandrou AJ, Brown AR, Chapman ML, Estacion M, Turner J, Mis MA, Wilbrey A, Payne EC, Gutteridge A, Cox PJ, Doyle R, Printzenhoff D, Lin Z, Marron BE, West C, Swain NA, Storer RI, Stupple PA, Castle NA, Hounshell JA, Rivara M, Randall A, Dib-Hajj SD, Krafte D, Waxman SG, Patel MK, Butt RP, Stevens EB. Subtype-Selective Small Molecule Inhibitors Reveal a Fundamental Role for Nav1.7 in Nociceptor Electrogenesis, Axonal Conduction and Presynaptic Release. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152405. [PMID: 27050761 PMCID: PMC4822888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human genetic studies show that the voltage gated sodium channel 1.7 (Nav1.7) is a key molecular determinant of pain sensation. However, defining the Nav1.7 contribution to nociceptive signalling has been hampered by a lack of selective inhibitors. Here we report two potent and selective arylsulfonamide Nav1.7 inhibitors; PF-05198007 and PF-05089771, which we have used to directly interrogate Nav1.7’s role in nociceptor physiology. We report that Nav1.7 is the predominant functional TTX-sensitive Nav in mouse and human nociceptors and contributes to the initiation and the upstroke phase of the nociceptor action potential. Moreover, we confirm a role for Nav1.7 in influencing synaptic transmission in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord as well as peripheral neuropeptide release in the skin. These findings demonstrate multiple contributions of Nav1.7 to nociceptor signalling and shed new light on the relative functional contribution of this channel to peripheral and central noxious signal transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristos J. Alexandrou
- Pfizer Neusentis, The Portway Buiding, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6GS, United Kingdom
| | - Adam R. Brown
- Pfizer Neusentis, The Portway Buiding, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6GS, United Kingdom
| | - Mark L. Chapman
- Pfizer Neusentis, 4222 Emperor Boulevard, Durham, North Carolina, 27703, United States of America
| | - Mark Estacion
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale Medical School and Veterans Affairs Hospital, West Haven, CT, 06516, United States of America
| | - Jamie Turner
- Pfizer Neusentis, The Portway Buiding, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6GS, United Kingdom
| | - Malgorzata A. Mis
- Pfizer Neusentis, The Portway Buiding, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6GS, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Wilbrey
- Pfizer Neusentis, The Portway Buiding, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6GS, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth C. Payne
- Pfizer Neusentis, The Portway Buiding, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6GS, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Gutteridge
- Pfizer Neusentis, The Portway Buiding, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6GS, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J. Cox
- Pfizer Neusentis, The Portway Buiding, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6GS, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Doyle
- Pfizer Global R&D, Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent, CT13 9NJ, United Kingdom
| | - David Printzenhoff
- Pfizer Neusentis, 4222 Emperor Boulevard, Durham, North Carolina, 27703, United States of America
| | - Zhixin Lin
- Pfizer Neusentis, 4222 Emperor Boulevard, Durham, North Carolina, 27703, United States of America
| | - Brian E. Marron
- Pfizer Neusentis, 4222 Emperor Boulevard, Durham, North Carolina, 27703, United States of America
| | - Christopher West
- Pfizer Neusentis, 4222 Emperor Boulevard, Durham, North Carolina, 27703, United States of America
| | - Nigel A. Swain
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Neusentis, The Portway Building, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6GS, United Kingdom
| | - R. Ian Storer
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Neusentis, The Portway Building, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6GS, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A. Stupple
- Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Pfizer Neusentis, The Portway Building, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6GS, United Kingdom
| | - Neil A. Castle
- Pfizer Neusentis, 4222 Emperor Boulevard, Durham, North Carolina, 27703, United States of America
| | - James A. Hounshell
- Dept. Anesthesiology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22911, United States of America
| | - Mirko Rivara
- Dept. Anesthesiology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22911, United States of America
| | - Andrew Randall
- Medical School, Hatherly Building, University of Exeter, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter, EX4 4PS, United Kingdom
| | - Sulayman D. Dib-Hajj
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale Medical School and Veterans Affairs Hospital, West Haven, CT, 06516, United States of America
| | - Douglas Krafte
- Pfizer Neusentis, 4222 Emperor Boulevard, Durham, North Carolina, 27703, United States of America
| | - Stephen G. Waxman
- Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale Medical School and Veterans Affairs Hospital, West Haven, CT, 06516, United States of America
| | - Manoj K. Patel
- Dept. Anesthesiology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, 22911, United States of America
| | - Richard P. Butt
- Pfizer Neusentis, The Portway Buiding, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6GS, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (EBS); (RPB)
| | - Edward B. Stevens
- Pfizer Neusentis, The Portway Buiding, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6GS, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (EBS); (RPB)
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125
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Lolignier S, Eschalier A, Bonnet C, Delmas P, Busserolles J. [The Nav1.9 channel is crucial for sensing noxious cold]. Med Sci (Paris) 2016; 32:162-5. [PMID: 26936173 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20163202009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Lolignier
- Clermont Université, université d'Auvergne, pharmacologie fondamentale et clinique de la douleur, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France - UMR Inserm 1107, Neuro-Dol, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Alain Eschalier
- Clermont Université, université d'Auvergne, pharmacologie fondamentale et clinique de la douleur, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France - UMR Inserm 1107, Neuro-Dol, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France - CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, service de pharmacologie, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Caroline Bonnet
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, centre de recherche en neurobiologie et neurophysiologie de Marseille, UMR 7286, CS80011, boulevard Pierre Dramard, 13344 Marseille Cedex 15 France
| | - Patrick Delmas
- Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, centre de recherche en neurobiologie et neurophysiologie de Marseille, UMR 7286, CS80011, boulevard Pierre Dramard, 13344 Marseille Cedex 15 France
| | - Jérôme Busserolles
- Clermont Université, université d'Auvergne, pharmacologie fondamentale et clinique de la douleur, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France - UMR Inserm 1107, Neuro-Dol, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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126
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Liu XP, Wooltorton JRA, Gaboyard-Niay S, Yang FC, Lysakowski A, Eatock RA. Sodium channel diversity in the vestibular ganglion: NaV1.5, NaV1.8, and tetrodotoxin-sensitive currents. J Neurophysiol 2016; 115:2536-55. [PMID: 26936982 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00902.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Firing patterns differ between subpopulations of vestibular primary afferent neurons. The role of sodium (NaV) channels in this diversity has not been investigated because NaV currents in rodent vestibular ganglion neurons (VGNs) were reported to be homogeneous, with the voltage dependence and tetrodotoxin (TTX) sensitivity of most neuronal NaV channels. RT-PCR experiments, however, indicated expression of diverse NaV channel subunits in the vestibular ganglion, motivating a closer look. Whole cell recordings from acutely dissociated postnatal VGNs confirmed that nearly all neurons expressed NaV currents that are TTX-sensitive and have activation midpoints between -30 and -40 mV. In addition, however, many VGNs expressed one of two other NaV currents. Some VGNs had a small current with properties consistent with NaV1.5 channels: low TTX sensitivity, sensitivity to divalent cation block, and a relatively negative voltage range, and some VGNs showed NaV1.5-like immunoreactivity. Other VGNs had a current with the properties of NaV1.8 channels: high TTX resistance, slow time course, and a relatively depolarized voltage range. In two NaV1.8 reporter lines, subsets of VGNs were labeled. VGNs with NaV1.8-like TTX-resistant current also differed from other VGNs in the voltage dependence of their TTX-sensitive currents and in the voltage threshold for spiking and action potential shape. Regulated expression of NaV channels in primary afferent neurons is likely to selectively affect firing properties that contribute to the encoding of vestibular stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ping Liu
- Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology Program, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Health Sciences and Technology Program, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, and Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Sophie Gaboyard-Niay
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Fu-Chia Yang
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and
| | - Anna Lysakowski
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ruth Anne Eatock
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, and Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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127
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Worley SL. New Directions in the Treatment of Chronic Pain: National Pain Strategy Will Guide Prevention, Management, and Research. P & T : A PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL FOR FORMULARY MANAGEMENT 2016; 41:107-114. [PMID: 26909001 PMCID: PMC4745638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
More than four years after the release of a landmark report by the Institute of Medicine focused attention on pain in America, there are encouraging signs that the nation may be poised to undergo the "cultural transformation" advocated by the report.
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128
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Luiz AP, Wood JN. Sodium Channels in Pain and Cancer: New Therapeutic Opportunities. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2016; 75:153-78. [PMID: 26920012 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) underpin electrical activity in the nervous system through action potential propagation. First predicted by the modeling studies of Hodgkin and Huxley, they were subsequently identified at the molecular level by groups led by Catterall and Numa. VGSC dysfunction has long been linked to neuronal and cardiac disorders with some nonselective sodium channel blockers in current use in the clinic. The lack of selectivity means that side effect issues are a major impediment to the use of broad spectrum sodium channel blockers. Nine different sodium channels are known to exist, and selective blockers are now being developed. The potential utility of these drugs to target diseases ranging from migraine, multiple sclerosis, muscle, and immune system disorders, to cancer and pain is being explored. Four channels are potential targets for pain disorders. This conclusion comes from mouse knockout studies and human mutations that prove the involvement of Nav1.3, Nav1.7, Nav1.8, and Nav1.9 in the development and maintenance of acute and chronic pain. In this chapter, we present a short overview of the possible role of Nav1.3, Nav1.7, Nav1.8, and Nav1.9 in human pain and the emerging and unexpected role of sodium channels in cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Luiz
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John N Wood
- Molecular Nociception Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Rivara M, Zuliani V. Novel sodium channel antagonists in the treatment of neuropathic pain. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2015; 25:215-26. [PMID: 26576738 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2016.1121992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Effective and safe drugs for the treatment of neuropathic pain are still an unmet clinical need. Neuropathic pain, caused by a lesion or disease that affects the somatosensory system, is a debilitating and hampering condition that has a great economic cost and, above all, a tremendous impact on the quality of life. Sodium channels are one of the major players in generating and propagating action potentials. They represent an appealing target for researchers involved in the development of new and safer drugs useful in the treatment of neuropathic pain. The actual goal for researchers is to target sodium channels selectively to stop the abnormal signaling that characterizes neuropathic pain while leaving normal somatosensory functions intact. AREAS COVERED This review covers the most recent publications regarding sodium channel blockers and their development as new treatments for neuropathic pain. The main areas discussed are the natural sources of new blockers, such as venom extracts and the recent efforts from many pharmaceutical companies in the field. EXPERT OPINION There have been serious efforts by both the pharmaceutical industry and academia to develop new and safer therapeutic options for neuropathic pain. A number of different strategies have been undertaken; the main efforts directed towards the identification of selective blockers starting from both natural products or screening chemical libraries. At this time, researchers have identified and characterized selective compounds against NaV1.7 or NaV1.8 voltage-gated sodium channels but only time will tell if they reach the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Rivara
- a Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Parma , Via Area delle Scienze 27/A, I-43124 Parma , Italy
| | - Valentina Zuliani
- a Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Parma , Via Area delle Scienze 27/A, I-43124 Parma , Italy
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Bao L. Trafficking regulates the subcellular distribution of voltage-gated sodium channels in primary sensory neurons. Mol Pain 2015; 11:61. [PMID: 26423360 PMCID: PMC4590712 DOI: 10.1186/s12990-015-0065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (Navs) comprise at least nine pore-forming α subunits. Of these, Nav1.6, Nav1.7, Nav1.8 and Nav1.9 are the most frequently studied in primary sensory neurons located in the dorsal root ganglion and are mainly localized to the cytoplasm. A large pool of intracellular Navs raises the possibility that changes in Nav trafficking could alter channel function. The molecular mediators of Nav trafficking mainly consist of signals within the Navs themselves, interacting proteins and extracellular factors. The surface expression of Navs is achieved by escape from the endoplasmic reticulum and proteasome degradation, forward trafficking and plasma membrane anchoring, and it is also regulated by channel phosphorylation and ubiquitination in primary sensory neurons. Axonal transport and localization of Navs in afferent fibers involves the motor protein KIF5B and scaffold proteins, including contactin and PDZ domain containing 2. Localization of Nav1.6 to the nodes of Ranvier in myelinated fibers of primary sensory neurons requires node formation and the submembrane cytoskeletal protein complex. These findings inform our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying Nav trafficking in primary sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue Yang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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